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1
HELEY, Stepan. "THE WEST UKRAINIAN PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC IN HISTORICAL WORKS OF VASYL KUCHABSKYI." Contemporary era 6 (2018): 78–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/nd.2018-6-78-97.
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The aim of the article is to analyze V. Kuchabsky's historical views on the process of creation of the West Ukrainian People's Republic of 1918-1921. In his works of the first half of the 1930s the scientist highlighted the internal situation of Ukraine, in particular its political and military conditions, and at the same time revealed international relations that had a determinative influence on the future of Ukrainian statehood: Poland and Russia, the Bolsheviks and counterrevolution, the tendency for a new revival of the Russian Empire and the tendency for its collapse, the situation in Central Europe, the Paris Peace Conference and the Eastern European policy of the Western powers. The most significant work of V. Kuchabskyi, "Western Ukraine in the struggle against Poland and Bolshevism in 1918–1923," is a historical study, which objectively reflects the national history without a shadow of tenderness and political inspiration. More than eighty years have passed since its writing, but it still influences on the development of historical science in Ukraine, remains critical for the study of problems associated with the topic. V. Kuchabskyi tried to find out the reason for Ukrainians to lose their own statehood. For the first time in the 14th century, when the Principality of Galicia–Volhynia was conquered by Poland. And then in the 18th century when the Cossack state was annexed by Russia. The desire of Ukrainians to restore the united and independent state failed due to unjustified orientations to Moscow, then to Poland and Turkey. A similar situation, according to the historian, occurred in 1918–1921: while the Ukrainians fought against the Bolsheviks and the White Army, the Poles struck them back, capturing Galicia and Volyn. By signing the Treaty of Riga in 1921, they wanted to restore the division of Ukraine of 1667. The scientist called on the Galician to leave the inter-party controversy and unite for positive creativity and self-organization, to make a lasting peace between themselves, because external factors are often non-reliable and have their own aims, directly opposite to Ukrainian. V. Kuchabskyi warned not to rely on the rapid fall of Bolshevism, relying on the intervention of the capitalist world. On his thought, the damage of this view was disorienting citizens, turning their attention away from what actually was a question of life and death for Ukraine. Estimating the Ukrainian Galician Army, V. Kuchabskyi believed that it could be organized and turned into regular combat power only through significant victories in an actively waged war. But the Ukrainians did not have such commanders, which would turn the mechanically assembled army into a single military organism by their inspiration. According to V. Kuchabskyi, the political experience of the Ukrainian state of 1918–1921 remained undervalued, although it would have been enough to educate a new generation of state-oriented thinkers, creative people. That is why he put the realization of the state idea in direct dependence on the level of the political culture of the masses. This meant that the Galician intellectuals had to get rid of the conservative passivity, which manifested itself in a narrow worldview, the weakness of the will, and spiritual laziness. Only in this case, the national elite will build a democratic state, which will provide conditions for the cultural development of the people, will guarantee equal political and economic rights. Keywords Western Ukraine, Eastern Galicia, Lviv, National Revolution, November Action, ZUNR, UHA, Stanislav, Ukrainian National Council.
2
Lozynskyy, Roman, Viktoriya Pantyley, and Anna Sawicka. "The smart city concept in Poland and Ukraine: in search of cooperation opportunities." Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 52, no. 52 (June 1, 2021): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bog-2021-0016.
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Abstract The article addresses the smart city concept in reference to two neigh-bouring countries – Poland and Ukraine. The paper also analyses various research trends in the scope of the smart city concept, as well as the process and conditions of the concept's implementation in the studied countries. The detailed analysis covered the implementation of the smart city concept in two cities in Poland and Ukraine belonging to neighbouring second-order administrative units, namely Lublin and Lviv. It was determined that both in Poland and Ukraine, the smart city concept is at its initial stage of implementation. This results from a number of different conditions, primarily including the socio-economic transformation of the countries, and inconsistency in reforming different spheres of socio-economic life in Ukraine. Local initiatives (analysed in detail based on the example of the cities of Lublin and Lviv) were determined to be of key importance in the implementation process.
3
Makaruk, Ihor. "CROP PRODUCTION AND LAND RESOURCES IN GALICIA DURING THE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN PERIOD." Problems of humanities. History, no. 6/48 (April 27, 2021): 84–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.24919/2312-2595.6/48.228473.
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Summary. The purpose of this study is to analyze the processes that took place in crop production within the context of Galicia agriculture development on the cusp of the 19th and 20th centuries. Conclusions. The article recognizes the impact of popular science education, which was one of the key criteria for the introduction of the up-to-date methods of economic management. This had a positive effect on the economic development of the region, which lagged far behind other regions of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. During the study period, there was a breakthrough in the methods and approaches to farming inasmuch as processes of mechanization, novel tillage techniques and land reclamation were introduced. The agricultural processing industry began to develop intensively coupled with a serious consideration given to selective breeding of animals. All these aspects have led to a significant improvement in the industry’s performance. The subject has been partly studied in Poland and Austria whilst it was insufficiently considered in Ukraine. Therefore, the development of each sector of agriculture of Galicia at the turn of the century requires an extensive review. The research methodology. The article offers an attempt to analyze the development of crop production, the leading branch of agriculture. The study employed a comparative analysis, thereby allowing us to establish the dynamics of the crop production development in the region. The scientific novelty. The archive materials of Ivano-Frankivsk, Lviv, Cracow, Warsaw, and Vienna were consulted for a comprehensive characterization of crop production in Galicia. The historiography of the research topic is divided into several periods: published papers of the late 19th – early 20th centuries, the interwar period, the Soviet era, the surveys of independent Ukraine as well as modern international studies. Analysis of the sources proved the positive dynamics of the crop production development in the vast majority of its types. This was influenced by a number of objective factors, one of which was the scientific extension and the development of farming research in Galicia, the opening of specialized facilities, educational and scientific institutions that studied the issues faced by the economic managers of the industry.
4
Glinkowska, Beata. "Ukrainian companies in Poland - conditions and structure of foreign direct investment." Management 21, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 124–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/manment-2017-0009.
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Summary The aim of the article is an attempt to find an answer to the question about the state of Ukrainian FDI in Poland: showing the state, support, government incentives, motives, barriers and investor sentiment. It was possible to reach the target primarily thanks to a thorough analysis of documentation from the websites of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and interviews with representatives of institutions or their employees. The article consists of three main parts: the first is the administrative activity for the development of Ukraine’s cooperation with Poland and the existence of “incentives” for FDI from Ukraine; the second part analysed data on Ukrainian FDI in Poland and Ukrainian FDI in total and approximated the state of commodity exchange of Ukrainian companies with Poland as a basis for economic contacts (which may develop into strategic alliances, joint ventures or FDI); the third part presents the results of empirical research on investor sentiment, motives and barriers in this process.
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Panfilova, Tetiana. "Lessons of Consolidation Processes of Ukrainian Community of Western Ukraine in the First Quarter of the Xx Century." Democratic governance 29, no. 1 (August 31, 2022): 42–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/dg2022.01.042.
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The domestic and foreign policy circumstances of the consolidation aspirations of Ukrainians in Western Ukraine in the first quarter of the twentieth century is analyzed. The search for a common path, unification of political parties and their consolidation for the common goal of protecting the socio-economic and national-political rights of Ukrainians formed on both sides of the Dnipro River awareness of the need for unity, independence and unity in creating their own state. The ways and means of political struggle of various parties and organizations indicated the search for a common course in overcoming the denial by international structures of the existence of young sprouts of Ukrainian statehood. The reasons for its failures and the consequences for further consolidation of national- patriotic forces in Western Ukraine have been clarified. At the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth century’s, political parties and organizations in Eastern Galicia clearly outlined the program of their activities: protection of socio-economic and national-political rights of Ukrainians in the Austro-Hungarian Empire and consolidation of the Ukrainian people and intellectual structures to restore state independence and unity. Depending on the domestic and international situation, the program of actions of political parties was improved and concretized. This is the time of the First World War and the Ukrainian national-democratic revolution in the Russian and Austro-Hungarian empires, with the proclamation of the Ukrainian People’s Republic and the Western Ukrainian People’s Republic, during the struggle against Poland’s attempts to annex Eastern Galicia in 1918–1923. After the decision of the Council of Ambassadors of the Entente on March 14, 1923 on the transfer of Eastern Galicia to Poland, the national and patriotic forces of the region, deeply analyzing the reasons for the defeat of national liberation struggles, tried to understand the real situation and determine further action. It is clear that various political parties and groups have assessed the causes of the defeat in their own way, as well as ways and means of overcoming this situation, offering their vision of resolving the Ukrainian issue in Galicia and all Ukrainian lands enslaved by foreign states.
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Kaczmarek, Bogusław. "Foreign direct investment of Polish enterprises in Ukraine – its conditions and structure." Management 21, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 109–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/manment-2017-0008.
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Summary The aim of the article is analysis (structure and direction of development) of Polish foreign direct investments in the Ukraine. The article consists of four parts: first shows the definition of FDI and some aspects and economic conceptions explaining the conditions of their undertaking by companies. The second part presents the economic situation of Ukraine as a country for FDI localization; the third part presents the legal and administrative conditions of business conditions in this country, and fourth shows the characteristics of FDI made in Ukraine by Polish entrepreneurs. Materials for the preparation of this article were collected at the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine and at the Faculty of Industry and Trade of the Embassy of the Republic of Poland in Kiev. The data included also the elaboration of O.W. Polowin posted by Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
7
Shnyrkov, Oleksandr I., Rita O. Zablotska, and Oleksii A. Chugaiev. "DETERMINANTS OF ECONOMIC AID OF EU MEMBER COUNTRIES TO UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR." Academic Review 1, no. 58 (February 15, 2023): 231–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32342/2074-5354-2023-1-58-17.
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The article examines the issue of economic assistance from EU member states to Ukraine to overcome the negative consequences of the Russian Federation’s military aggression against Ukraine. In the economic literature, the issue of Russia’s military aggression against Ukraine is focused mainly on the analysis of sanctions and other measures aimed at increasing pressure on the Russian economy and reducing its potential for military aggression. Less attention in the literature has been paid to the supportive measures for countries that have suffered from external military aggression. Therefore, the analysis of systematic data on the economic aid of the EU countries to Ukraine will provide an opportunity to identify factors of the economic aid from the Western countries, namely the EU and its sectoral distribution. The article proves that the issue of maintaining macroeconomic stability becomes fundamentally important for Ukraine on the back of an increase of its military expenditures, a substantial decrease in budget revenues, the need to maintain a certain level of social expenditures, a significant decrease in export potential and a partial Russian infrastructure blockade. That is why the EU’s financial support for Ukraine looks more important than ever. The article proposes economic-mathematical models based on the regression-correlation method for determining the determinants of EU economic aid to Ukraine. The results of the analysis show that total aid to Ukraine is significantly correlated with the donor country’s trade relations with Ukraine, the presence of a common border with the Russian Federation, and is inversely proportional to the size of the donor country’s economy. Countries with a larger share of migrants from Ukraine are the largest providers of financial aid to Ukraine. Humanitarian aid significantly correlates only with imports to Ukraine. Military aid depends on the size of the donor’s economy and the presence of a common border with the Russian Federation. No evidence was found of the influence of the following indicators on aid to Ukraine: direct investment in Ukraine, distance from Ukraine, total development aid to the countries of the world. The research allows to conclude that among the EU member states the main donors during the Russian-Ukrainian war were Germany, Poland and France and in relative terms – the Baltic states and Poland. The future development of the Ukrainian economy and foreign trade in general and in particular with EU member states will largely depend on the restoration of the country’s destroyed export structure and access to the seas.
8
Okhrimenko, Oksana, Anatolii Chynchyk, Anna Dergach, Kateryna Bannikova, and Olena Nesterenko. "Strategies for economic development: the Ukrainian case." Revista Amazonia Investiga 11, no. 55 (October 10, 2022): 234–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2022.55.07.25.
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The article studies the peculiarities of economic strategies of developed countries of the world and carries out a comparative analysis of the strategic goals of Ukraine and Poland. Based on correlation and graphical analysis, it is proved that the basis of economic growth of Poland, which had actually the same starting conditions as Ukraine after the collapse of the USSR, is the economic ideology, which provides for the development, stimulation, and support of the processing industry. In particular, the study showed that it is the deindustrialization of the Ukrainian economy and the reduction of processing industry products in the structure of Ukrainian exports leads to a slowdown in the growth rate of absolute GDP and GDP per capita, in Poland, there are cardinally opposite trends. The formation of economic strategies within the framework of the ideology of stimulation of the processing industry adapts macroeconomic policy to meet such goals by increasing capital expenditures, implementation of state-targeted development programs, debt financing. Besides, an important strategic principle of Ukraine's economic strategies should be the principle of increasing capital expenditures of the state budget, at the expense of deficit and debt financing of target programs of the economic market.
9
Lymonova, Elvina M., Ruslan M. Kliuchnyk, and Iryna V. Taranenko. "THE INFLUENCE OF MIGRATION FROM UKRAINE ON EUROPEAN ECONOMIES DURING THE RUSSIAN AGGRESSION." Academic Review 1, no. 58 (February 15, 2023): 242–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32342/2074-5354-2023-1-58-18.
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The war in Ukraine may hinder the economic recovery of Europe. The Russian invasion has caused a large-scale humanitarian crisis - almost seven million Ukrainians have left the country. The conflict and related sanctions have disrupted the region’s exports of goods such as metals, food, oil and gas, pushing inflation to levels unseen for decades. Real economic growth in the European Union is expected to fall well below 3% in 2022, down from the 4% estimated by the European Commission before the war. Further trade disruptions or increased economic sanctions could plunge the European economy into recession. The slowdown in growth is particularly noticeable in the countries that are in close proximity to Ukraine, Poland and Hungary – countries that also host large numbers of Ukrainian refugees. Poland plays the most important role among the countries receiving war refugees from Ukraine, with an estimated 3.5 million people who arrived in Poland between 24 February and midMay 2022. This is due not only to the geographical factor (shared border), but also to the long-standing tradition of labor migration between Ukraine and Poland. Despite this, the unprecedented flow of war refugees clearly raises questions about future events and problems related to the stay of Ukrainian citizens in Poland. In this article, we have estimated the possible future number of immigrants from Ukraine to other countries, and in particular to Poland, and pointed out the related problems. The presented scenarios indicate that regardless of the developments on the front line, it should be taken into account that the number of immigrants from Ukraine to Poland would be significantly higher in the coming months (or possibly years) than at the beginning of 2022, and this creates certain problems for public services and public institutions in Poland. Forecasting the future situation according to the pessimistic scenario predicts the continuation of the conflict with varying intensity over the next few years. This will mean that large parts of Ukraine will still be at risk for the next 18 months. This will lead to a constant flow of refugees as well as economic migrants to Poland. In addition, it is predicted that the ban on leaving Ukraine for men aged 18-60 will be significantly liberalized or even abolished. According to the pessimistic scenario, about 3.1 million Ukrainians will live in Poland in the medium term (economic migrants who arrived in Poland before the start of the war and refugees from the war). According to the optimistic scenario, a quick conclusion of peace is expected, which will stabilize the situation in the near term, and will bring relatively favorable conditions for Ukraine (territorial, reparations, the possibility of joining the EU, etc.) in the medium and long term. This could lead to a relatively large reduction (within 12 months after the signing of the peace agreement) in the number of women and children, a certain outflow of men (including those who lived in Poland in the pre-war period).
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Hrynokh, N. V., V. I. Dmytruk, L. A. Diachenko, and A. O. Kniazevych. "Social and economic aspects of cross-border cooperation of Ukraine and Poland in the field of tourism." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 28, no. 3 (October 5, 2019): 432–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/111940.
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The research is devoted to the disclosure of socio-economic aspects of cross- border cooperation in the field of tourism of Ukraine and Poland, which is important in today’s conditions of development of globalization processes and transformation of social relations. Such relationships are formed between people in different geographic areas, which determine their social mood and social behaviour. The signing of the visa-free travel agreement between Ukraine and the EU on 17 May 2017 and its entry into force on 11 June 2017 has become an important factor in the development of tourism in Ukraine and Poland, in particular within the border areas and in the context of cross-border cooperation of the Carpathian Euroregion. Tourists from Ukraine have better opportunities than before to travel to many European countries, and tourist migration contributes to the integration of peoples, building good-neighbourly relations and tolerance, economic, cultural, scientific and other forms of cooperation. That is why it is necessary to study the socio-economic aspects of the development of tourism in Ukraine and Poland at the level of the Carpathian Euroregion. The attention of the authors of this article is devoted to the study of the historical and cultural heritage of the four regions of Ukraine and the counties of Poland included in the Carpathian Euroregion as one of the important factors influencing the development of tourism. The article analyzes a number of key indicators of the activity of the subjects of the tourist market and the trends in their changes, as well as the geographical structure of tourist flows and the administrative and territorial division of the regions of the Ukrainian-Polish transboundary. Positive trends in the growth of a number of key indicators of tourism activity in Lviv region give reason to assert the high level of activity of tourism services market participants and that Lviv region has good preconditions for the development of many types of tourism , which can increase the flow of revenue to local budgets. Statistical materials of the Main Department of Statistics in Lviv Oblast have also made it possible to analyze the indicators for those areas that are part of the Carpathian Euroregion and characterize the specifics of the development of the tourism sector. It is proposed to form an updated marketing strategy for tourism management in Ukraine in the context of the changing conditions that have taken place in the tourist services market after the entry into force of the visa-free travel agreement between Ukraine and the EU, which will positively influence the development of tourism in Ukraine and Poland at the level of the Carpathian Euroregion.
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Lypko, Nazariy. "Comparative Analysis Of Balances Of Payments Of Ukraine And Poland In The Post-crisis Economic Environment." Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe 16, no. 4 (February 13, 2014): 155–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cer-2013-0032.
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The condition of a country’s balance of payments is a crucial factor for effective development in small open economies, such as Poland and Ukraine. Because of their dependence on the climate in international markets, Poland and Ukraine are especially vulnerable to fluctuations in the global situation. Thus it is essential for both national economies to develop effective instruments for adjusting their balance of payments accounts. This necessity in turn requires research into the main mechanisms used for making balance of payments adjustments for developing countries, since not all aspects have been yet explored. A comparative analysis of the balance of payments situations in these countries is conducted in this article, which aims to prove external similarities between both countries and explain why Poland has attained greater success in the process of overcoming the consequences of the global financial crisis. Such conclusions can be used as a roadmap for Ukraine on its way to adjustment of its balance of payments account. The main reason for such exploration is that Ukraine’s balance of payments is still operating in deficit conditions, which negatively affects the overall state of the national economy of the country.
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Prát, Šárka, and Thu Minh Bui. "A Comparison of Ukrainian Labor Migration in the Czech Republic and Poland." East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 32, no. 4 (April 26, 2018): 767–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325418764609.
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The process of migration has been the subject of extensive debates throughout Europe. Migration patterns are constantly changing in our current globalized economy; therefore, it is insufficient to assume that countries sharing cultural, geographical, and linguistic similarities experience synchronised migration flows. This article attempts to contribute to the understanding of one of the most dominant migration streams from Eastern Europe, specifically the movement from Ukraine to the Czech Republic and Poland. The period of interest follows the accession of the destination countries into the EU between 2004 and 2014. The results show that Ukraine suffers from much worse economic and social conditions than Poland and the Czech Republic. GDP growth, unemployment, and the poverty rate are three important indicators that explain why there has been such a large influx of Ukrainians into the host countries. While educational attainment was also massively deficient in Ukraine, it appears this is a reflection of the institutional failure of the Ukrainian education system, thus leading to the education–occupation mismatch of Ukrainian migrant workers. Despite the fact that Poland and the Czech Republic are linguistically, culturally, and geographically close, the immigration flow from Ukraine has behaved very differently in each case; for instance, the most notable contrast reveals that migration to the Czech Republic, but not to Poland, was substantially affected by economic crises.
13
Barwiński, Marek. "Polish Interstate Relations with Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania After 1990 in the Context of the Situation of National Minorities." European Spatial Research and Policy 20, no. 1 (July 3, 2013): 5–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/esrp-2013-0001.
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When we compare the contemporary ethnic structure and national policy of Poland and its eastern neighbours, we can see clear asymmetry in both quantitative and legal-institutional aspects. There is currently a markedly smaller population of Ukrainians, Belarusians and Lithuanians living in Poland than the Polish population in the territories of our eastern neighbours. At the same time, the national minorities in Poland enjoy wider rights and better conditions to operate than Poles living in Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania.
Additional complicating factor in bilateral relations between national minority and the home state is different political status of Lithuania, Belarus and Ukraine and different processes of transformation the consequence of which is differentiated state of political relations of Poland with its eastern neighbours. Lithuania, like Poland, is a member of EU, Ukraine, outside the structures of European integration, pursued a variable foreign policy, depending on the ruling options and the economic situation, and Belarus, because of internal policy which is unacceptable in the EU countries, is located on the political periphery of Europe.
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Kravchenko, Olha, Anatolii Kucher, Maria Hełdak, Lesia Kucher, and Joanna Wysmułek. "Socio-Economic Transformations in Ukraine towards the Sustainable Development of Agriculture." Sustainability 12, no. 13 (July 6, 2020): 5441. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12135441.
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The social and economic conditions of all market participants are incentives and constraining factors influencing the levels of food, social, economic and ecologic security. The purpose of the article lies in the presentation of the author’s concept of the social and economic conditions where the transformation of economic relations between agrofood market participants is happening—in particular, the livestock products market of Ukraine—and the assessment of the state of food security of the country, as well as a comparison, by the same criteria, of the conditions of agrofood market participants in Ukraine and in four European countries: Germany, France, Italy, and Poland. This research was based on the application of empirical knowledge methods: observation, comparison, description, measurement, statistic methods, etc. So far, the participant functioning conditions in the agricultural market in Ukraine are unfavorable for the sustainable development of agriculture, especially the livestock industry. The debt burden of external creditors is growing, the amount of direct investments from the countries of the world decreases, and the growth of capital investment in terms of calculation per one employee is slowing down. The food security of Ukraine is unstable. The “market” itself is not capable of remedying all the negative phenomena. Therefore, it is necessary to apply the weighted power of the state.
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Romanovskyi, Oleksandr O. "A COMPARATIVE REVIEW OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF ECONOMIC INDICATORS IN A TRANSITIONAL PERIOD IN THE HISTORY OF UKRAINE’S INDEPENDENCE." Business, Economics, Sustainability, Leadership and Innovation 2 (June 30, 2019): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37659/2663-5070-2019-2-45-60.
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The paper provides a comparative review of the transformation of economic indicators in a transitional period in the history of Ukraine’s independence. The illustration of comparison of the dynamics of economic development of Ukraine, Poland and Kazakhstan during the period from 1990 to 2017 is given. Analysis of political, social and economic problems of Ukraine in the period of its independence is carried out. Author’s vision of the important prerequisites for the further creation of conditions for the sustainable development of Ukraine is formulated. These prerequisites are based on fact that the last four years of political, social and economic development of Ukraine in a state of unceasing military aggression, constant shelling of the territory of Ukraine in the Donbass region, leading to the death of Ukrainian citizens, attacks on ships in the Black and Azov Sea adversely affect the entire spectrum of life and activities of Ukraine.
The author stated that in order to create the necessary conditions for the sustainable development of Ukraine the following prerequisites are indispensable: the eradication of the oligarchic clans; overcoming corruption at all levels – “from the bottom to the top”; the creation of a “legal country”; the creation of a “civil society”; transition to “green economy”. Also the author underlined that to solve all the problems without exception in order to create conditions for the sustainable development of Ukraine (paragraph 2), it is necessary to solve the priority task – “create a moral and ethical Ukraine”. This is possible only in the conditions of moral and ethical education of the entire population – “from the cradle” to the “honorable old age”.
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Ponomarenko, Tetiana, Olena Zinchenko, Veronika Khudoliei, Olha Prokopenko, and Dariusz Pawliszczy. "Formation of the investment environment in Ukraine in the context of European integration: an example of Poland." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 15, no. 1 (April 4, 2018): 361–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.15(1).2018.30.
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In the period of Ukraine’s integration into the European economic space, one of the basic conditions for achieving compliance with the European community requirements is the formation of favorable investment environment. In view of this, the aim of the article is to analyze the economic preconditions for the unification and adaptation of the investment mechanism in the period of Ukraine’s integration into the economic euro area, and to develop recommendations for unification of institutional support for the formation of the investment environment in Ukraine. In the course of the study, the system approach and the method of system analysis and synthesis are the basis. Based on the analysis of the activities in Poland, it is outlined that the conditions for their achievement of high rating indicators are the legally regulated mechanism for promoting investment, which includes relevant institutions, low tax rates, transparency and ease of doing business. The comparison made on this basis has made it possible to determine key differences and problems between approaches of European countries and Ukraine, namely: the lack of correspondence between the actual measures legally declared, the monetary unit instability, the unpredictability of the political and economic situation, the complexity of doing business. Approaches to unification of institutional support for the formation of the investment environment in Ukraine and measures aimed at increasing the efficiency and competitiveness of investment activity are proposed.
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Simakhova, Anastasiia. "POLICY OF EMPLOYEMENT IN POLAND AND ITS EXPIERENCE FOR UKRAINE." Європейський вектор економічного розвитку 2, no. 31 (2021): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.32342/2074-5362-2021-2-31-8.
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A significant part of the state’s social policy is employment policy, which is one of the most important macroeconomic parameters. Employment affects the income of the population and general well-being. Poland’s positive experience in these matters is especially important for Ukraine, which as a result of the pandemic has found itself in a more difficult social situation than most European countries. In Poland, the issues of social policy models have been undertaken for many years by many researchers: Chojnacka, Gomułka, Frączak and Wygnański, Mendell et al. These authors focused on the issues of social transformation in Poland, social and employment policy, and financial aspects of Poland’s development. The aim of the article is to review the positive experience of employment policy in Poland with a recommendation for its application in Ukraine. The research methods used in the article are literature analysis (review of current research in the field of social policy with special emphasis on employment policy and Polish state statistics) and taxonomic methods used to determine the social development of Poland and changes in the labor market and the method of comparative analysis. The main features of the Polish social model are: stable economic development; low unemployment; increase in average wages; relatively small regional differences in the unemployment rate; labor market stability and its ability to adapt to new challenges. Poland is an attractive country for Ukrainian youth. The key to the economic development of Poland is the intensive development of small and medium-sized enterprises. Appropriate allowances and subsidies for foreign investments have been introduced in Poland, which solve the problem of unemployment and support Polish business thanks to technological innovations. The main problems of employment policy in Ukraine are: low wages; high unemployment; departure of young workers and highly qualified staff abroad in search of higher wages. The main Polish experience of social policy that can be used in Ukraine is: development of corporate social responsibility; entrepreneurial activation of the unemployed; creation of favorable working conditions for employees through cooperation of the public sector with business entities; consultations with Poland and other European countries on the development of the labor market in Ukraine.
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Kovbatiuk, Maryna, Vladyslava Shevchuk, Viktoriya Shklyar, Ivanna Strilok, and George Kovbatiuk. "Eco-economic mechanism of formation of the system of national priorities in the conditions of sustainable development." E3S Web of Conferences 255 (2021): 01053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125501053.
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In the article the authors have developed an eco-economic mechanism for the formation of a system of national priorities in terms of sustainable development. The mechanism is based on the Concept of Sustainable Development, which improves its theoretical basis: characteristics, principles and components. Their manifestation at the world and national level is taken into account. Diagnosis of the state of the countries is carried out The EU-27 as whole and individual countries, namely Germany, Lithuania, Latvia, Poland, Romania, Estonia, Bulgaria, Slovakia and Ukraine in terms of sustainable development in terms of three key areas - economic, social and environmental. Analytical study of trends in indicators for 10 years for the European Union and Ukraine has led to the conclusion that the application of sustainable development strategy leads to positive results. Based on the concept of sustainable development, a set of defined environmental imperatives and the Strategy for Sustainable Development of Ukraine until 2030, the authors formed a system of national strategic priorities.
19
Bilanyuk, Olha. "Development of regional tourist markets of Ukraine and Poland: comparative analysis." Socio-Economic Problems of the Modern Period of Ukraine, no. 1(135) (2019): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36818/2071-4653-2019-1-8.
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In the recent decade, the development of tourism sphere at global level has a positive trend. As far as this sphere is related to more than 50 types of economic activity, it development promotes the employment, diversification of national economy, preserving and development of cultural capacity, preserving of natural environment, growth of national economy’s innovation level and harmonization of relations with various countries and people. Moreover, tourism is one of the means to implement foreign policy of a country. Therefore, almost all key economy sectors influence the successful development of tourism, which contributes to the relevance of this subject. The paper aims to analyze the activity of regional tourism markets of Ukraine and Poland. The dynamics of tourism market development in Ukraine and Poland across regions is examined. Economic efficiency of touristic entities in Ukrainian and Polish regions in 2017 is analyzed and on this basis, the regions are divided into several groups. In order to estimate the specialization of regions and voivodeships the authors calculated the coefficient of localization and concentration. The estimation of tourism market localization in Lvivska and Volynska oblasts and Podkarpackie and Lubelskie voivodeships in 2012-2017 as th border regions shows that tourism market didn’t have the steady development dynamics in the period under research, because the rate was both above and under one in each region depending on the period. The authors prove that efficient development of regional tourism market is impossible without planning, regulation and coordination of actions of entities responsible for it development. It stipulates the need to develop certain tourism activity measures at regional level. The revealed and grouped conditions of regional tourism market development have specific factors that impact the forming of its structure, which includes the system of resources-based, economic, organizational and administrative methods of target-oriented impact.
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Adamiv, Marta, and Mariana Ruda. "Development of customs infrastructure on the Ukrainian –Polish border in the conditions of business internationalization." Management and Entrepreneurship in Ukraine: the stages of formation and problems of development 2021, no. 2 (December 2021): 140–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/smeu2021.02.140.
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The relations between Ukraine and Poland represent a long history of partnership and have a great economic importance for both countries. At the present stage, Poland is one of the largest international trade partners of our country. In the history of Ukraine's foreign trade during 2019-2020, Poland occupied second place in the structure of domestic exports. Thus, in 2020 the share of exports of Ukrainian goods to Poland was 6.65%. First of all, it means a change in the vector of foreign trade development for the national economy and the reorientation of Ukraine's export market to the European Union. In 2020, Poland also occupied one of the leading positions in the structure of Ukrainian imports of goods (4th place with a share of 7.62%). This situation leads to a significant increase in the load at checkpoints and causes the need to ensure prompt and efficient customs clearance of goods moving across the Ukrainian-Polish border. On the basis of the performed researches, significant differences in the levels of development of the customs services of Poland and Ukraine in terms of the quality of customs services have been established, as Ukraine lags far behind Poland in all the studied indicators in this area. Such situation requires the improvement of the work of Ukrainian customs authorities in the context of business internationalization, including the development of customs infrastructure in the area of the Ukrainian-Polish border. The key problems of customs service of enterprises at domestic checkpoints include long and costly customs procedures, lack of proper technical, road, information infrastructure at checkpoints, outdated technical instruments of customs control, etc. It is proved that in the conditions of business internationalization one of the key tasks should be the construction of new checkpoints and the development of the customs infrastructure of the existing checkpoints. The key strategically important checkpoints in the area of the Ukrainian-Polish border, which need to be modernized in order to increase their capacity, include road checkpoints "Korchova-Krakivets", "Dorokhusk-Yagodyn", "Medyka-Shehyni", as well as a railway checkpoint "Medyka-Mostyska". In addition, the importance of spreading the practice of construction of joint checkpoints, which allows to significantly speed up the process of customs services for businesses, was emphasized.
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Wicki, Ludwik, Mykola Orlykovskyi, and Lesia Zaburanna. "Agriculture in Poland and Ukraine – Potential and Dynamics of Changes in Production." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 17(32), no. 4 (December 29, 2017): 326–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2017.17.4.108.
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The article attempts to compare the importance of agriculture and the dynamics of its development in Ukraine and Poland. The most important constraints on the development of Ukrainian agriculture were identified, including the unregulated land market, lack of coherent support programs for agriculture and rural areas, poorly developed infrastructure of the agricultural environment and lack of capital for development. It was found that agriculture in Ukraine is characterized by a high growth rate of productivity and production. The observed output gap in relation to agriculture in Poland is about 10 years. The agricultural sector in Ukraine has about 10% share in generating GDP and as much as 40% share in exports. Such high importance can be maintained even in the conditions of economic development, as there are large reserves in the development of agribusiness. The most important development factors include the introduction of a coherent program for the development of the agribusiness sector, including production of goods with high added value and increasing the availability of capital for the development of agriculture. A great opportunity is the development of trade in the conditions of affiliation with the EU.
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Soroka, Svitlana. "Peculiarities of Ukrainian citizens’ migration to Poland and Russia in 2014–2019." Przegląd Politologiczny, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pp.2019.24.4.8.
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For the last five years, Ukrainians have been leaving their own state en masse. Some are looking for better living conditions, the opportunity to earn more money, get an education, and others are forced to save their own lives from the hostilities in the east. Objective coverage of migration processes is hindered by the lack of reliable statistical information, especially in the case of official Ukrainian statistics, which try to lower the migration rates of Ukrainians. In the article, the author attempts to analyze the social and economic causes of mass migration of Ukrainians to Poland and Russia. These are the countries which receive the largest number of Ukrainians. The state actually creates living conditions that lead to the partial physical destruction of Ukrainians, and people are forced to search for a better life outside Ukraine. Ukraine is in a situation of a civil turmoil which is reflected in multidirectional forced migration. In turn, Poland and Russia are receiving an immigration flow that corresponds to the logic of their demographic development, does not require significant costs to integrate migrants, and is an almost ideal demographic resource in terms of ethnic and professional characteristics. Due to migration, Ukraine is losing the most capable and highly qualified part of the population, which threatens its internal and external security, and even the existence of Ukraine as a state.
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Terletska, Khrystyna, and Mykhailo Kosmii. "THE GENESIS AND PRECONDITIONS FOR THE FORMATION OF THE ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE OF PRYKARPATTIA." Current problems of architecture and urban planning, no. 64 (August 31, 2022): 119–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2022.64.119-133.
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Today, Ukraine is actively integrating into the world cultural space, therefore a full and comprehensive study of the formation of the architectural heritage of the Carpathian region and its impact on the country's cultural environment is of great national importance. Prykarpattia occupies the third place in Ukraine for several monuments of architecture and urban planning. There are 3,944 objects of cultural heritage in the region and 1,443 of them are monuments of architectural heritage, 90 objects are of national importance. These are such sights as the church of St. Panteleimon in the village of Shevchenkove, the Carmelite church of the 17th century, with a monastery complex, the remains of the Galician castle of the 13th-17th centuries, in the town of Halychi, a monastery in the village of Manyava, St. Anthony's Church and the Bernardine monastery in the village of Hvizdets the Church of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Holy Resurrection Cathedral, the College of Jesuits, the Dominican Monastery, the Armenian Cathedral the Brewery in Ivano-Frankivsk, etc.
The article deals with the study of architectural, local and historical literature, analyzes the formation of the architecture of Prykarpattia in the prehistoric (primordial) period, the architecture of Prykarpattia in the Ancient, Middle Ages, New and Modern periods. In each historical period, we have identified stages associated with important social and political changes in the Carpathian region and are the drivers of changes in the architecture of the region. The historical prerequisites for the formation of the cultural heritage of the Carpathian region from the earliest stage to the present are determined, which includes the evolution and development of society and the emergence of socio-economic relations, the emergence of complex political entities such as the Principality of Galicia, and later the Galicia-Volyn state, the change of religion and the expansion of foreign economic relations connections, raids of Crimean Tatars and Turks the emergence of firearms and the conquest of the Carpathian territories by Poland, Austria-Hungary, Moldova and the entry into the USSR.
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Deineko, Liudmyla, Mykola Sychevskiy, Olga Kovalenko, Olena Tsyplitska, and Oleksandr Deineko. "The estimation of sectoral contribution to regional divergence in Poland and Ukraine." Problems and Perspectives in Management 18, no. 4 (November 20, 2020): 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.18(4).2020.10.
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The research aims to identify industrial and other economic sectors’ contribution to the regional divergence in Eastern European countries, particularly Poland and Ukraine. The ambiguity of the results of previous studies on the factors of regional convergence indicates the need for further research, considering the peculiarities of distinct economies’ development. The countries selected for analysis – Ukraine and Poland – had similar starting conditions for market transformation, have a common border, and a comparable population. The analysis of regional inequality in Ukraine revealed a tendency of asymmetric regions’ growth in 2010–2017. In Poland, divergent trends in regional development in 2009–2017 were significantly less pronounced. The statistical method to identify the impact of the industrial, agricultural, and service sectors on regional σ-convergence based on coefficients of variation measuring the differences in regional economies’ sectoral structure was used. The analysis demonstrated that, in general, the uneven structure of regional economies does not significantly impact any of the analyzed countries, which confirmed the results of some other studies. Simultaneously, it highlighted that the industrial sector had the greatest impact on regional divergence in Poland. Despite the dominant role of services in regional divergence in Ukraine, most researchers emphasize the importance of the industrial sector for regional development. To consider this factor in the regional divergence of Ukrainian regions, some regional policy implications were considered.
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Zelinska, Нalyna, Uliana Andrusiv, and Liliia Simkiv. "Knowledge economy: trends in the world and analysis of Ukraine." Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research (JEECAR) 7, no. 1 (March 14, 2020): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v7i1.325.
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The objective of the article is to study the regional development of Ukraine through the prism of indicators that characterize the knowledge-based economy, comparing it to other countries. It has been determined that the appearance of a new economy in the world arena is dictated by time and new trends in the world. Performed study justified that in the conditions of Ukraine, economic knowledge can be a breakthrough in the country's growth. Given the ambiguity and uneven economic development of the administrative-territorial units of Ukraine, the main destabilizing factors that hinder the successful implementation of reforms have been identified. A comparative analysis of the Ukrainian economy with that of Poland has been carried out. For this reason, the critical requirements for Ukraine’s development are economic knowledge based on science, modern technologies, improved educational system, and continues professional training of executive management personnel.
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Gorbanyuk, V. O. "The cooperative movement in rural areas should be a priority in reforming of agriculture (opportunities, realities and economic efficiency of its approval)." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 20, no. 86 (February 27, 2018): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/nvlvet8605.
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The history of rural cooperatives in Ukraine is quite deep. It includes both national characteristics and certain global trends. Today in Ukraine the cooperative movement in the agro-industrial complex is primarily connected with the implementation of a comprehensive, agrarian, incl. land reform. The legal and normative mechanisms of socio-economic relations in the village are regulated by the Tax Code of Ukraine, the Civil Code of Ukraine, the Commercial Code of Ukraine, the Land Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine «On Farmers», the Law of Ukraine «On Personal Peasant Economy», the Law of Ukraine «On State Support to Agriculture», the Law of Ukraine «On State Registration of Legal Entities, Individuals-Enterprises and Public Formations», the Law of Ukraine «On Agricultural Advisory Activities», the Law of Ukraine «On Cooperation», the Law of Ukraine «On Agricultural Cooperation». These legislative acts determine that an agricultural cooperative is an important form of management, an integral part of a multi-faceted economy in the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine. However, it should be noted that at present the potential of agricultural cooperation in Ukraine remains poorly implemented, in particular, the establishment of multi-functional cooperatives, which in turn can form higher-level associations by sector or territory, act as founders of different types of enterprises, have their own competitive representations in the regions of Ukraine and abroad. Today should be answered rather effective is the prospect of introducing an integrated multi-profit agricultural service cooperatives built on profitable pricing under conditions of self-sufficient local communities combined with the experience and practices of the developed countries of Europe and the world. Does farmers need a real serving non-profit agricultural cooperative. The answer to this should be given by the conducted research, and the analysis of the existing experience. The history of Ukraine, including Galicia, had a positive experience in the functioning of rural cooperation. And in the world the particular importance are agricultural cooperatives which unite the efforts of rural producers in solving not only economic and social problems in the rural areas.
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LIASHENKO, Viacheslav, Viktoriia KHAUSTOVA, and Nataliia TRUSHKINA. "CROSS-BORDER TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS CLUSTER AS A TOOL FOR TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE AND POLAND: INSTITUTIONAL BASIS." Vol 21, No 4 (2022), Vol 21, No 4 (2022) (December 1, 2022): 503–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/jee2022.04.503.
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Intensification of cross-border cooperation in border regions of Ukraine and Poland should be one of the priorities in the wartime and post-war period. This is primarily substantiated by the significant problems in organizing international logistics of international trade due to the blockade of the sea ports. The paper presents a comprehensive approach to assessing the effectiveness of international logistics and its organization in Poland and Ukraine. The approach utilizes a set of indicators that characterize the current conditions of the transport-logistics system in terms of infrastructural support. Namely, indicators in clude the Logistics Performance Index, logistics costs, 3PL revenues, export of goods, import of goods, export of transport services, import of transport services, the balance of export-import operations, export-import coverage ratio, volumes of cargo transportation by various modes of transport, cargo turnover by various types of transport, volume of direct Ukrainian investments in Poland, volume of direct Polish investments in Ukraine. The diagnostics results make it possible to identify the key barriers inhibiting the effective organization of foreign economic logistics in the foreign trade of Ukraine and Poland. Restoration of Ukraine’s economy requires a flexible logistics system capable of quickly responding to external threats and adapting to them. For this reason, the authorities, business, academia and researchers, the public, and the international community must direct their efforts at overcoming the challenges created by the war. Current logistics infrastructure must be reoriented and all export flows must be redirected from the southern seafaring ports to western land ports. Finally, there should be sufficient institutional basis for the emergence of a cross-border transport and logistics cluster as a tool for territorial development of Ukraine and Poland.
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Kobetska, N. R. "Features Of The Legal Regime Of National Parks Under The Legislation Of The Republic Of Poland." Actual problems of improving of current legislation of Ukraine, no. 50 (June 11, 2019): 119–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/apiclu.50.119-132.
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The article presents an analysis of one of the oldest and most important forms of nature conservation - National Parks, and their regulation in the legislation of the Republic of Poland. The material is based on the systematic interpretation of the Law of the Republic of Poland «On Nature Conservation», the analysis of scientific literature and the identification of some problematic issues of implementation of the prescriptions of the legislation in practice. Much attention is paid to the theoretical characteristics of National Parks, their place among other forms of nature conservation in Poland, the functions they perform. The issues of creation of the National Park, the regime of management of its territory, organization and zoning of the National Park have been consistently revealed. It also analyzes the bans fixed within the National Park and ensures its protection against external adverse effects. Problematic issues are raised related to the removal of land and real estate from private owners, the achievement of a compromise between private economic interests and public environmental interests. A comparison of the basics of functioning of National Parks in Poland and Ukraine is also partly presented.
The author focuses on the differences in the legal regime of national nature parks under the legislation of Ukraine and Poland. The Polish legislation does not distinguish as an independent recreational function and does not allocate separate recreational functions within the national park. At the same time, the organization of tourist routes and the provision of conditions for visiting the park is one of the tasks and a significant source of revenue for the national parks of Poland, and the number of visitors many times exceeds their number in the territories of the national parks of Ukraine. In the territory of the national parks of Poland (as in Ukraine) a combination of exclusive state ownership (in Ukraine - the property of the Ukrainian people) and private property is possible. At the same time, as in Ukraine, the most problematic issue is the acquisition of ownership of real estate (including private land) when creating or expanding the territory of national parks.
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Ishchuk, Svitlana, and Lyubomyr Sozanskyy. "Problems of ensuring innovative development of the Ukrainian industry." Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Bankowej w Poznaniu 96, no. 1 (April 3, 2022): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.0255.
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The article provides a comparative assessment of innovation undertaken by the industrial sector in Ukraine, Poland and Germany in domestic and foreign markets. The authors point out that in the conditions of global instability caused by Russia’s military aggression against Ukraine, innovation is not only a requirement for socio-economic development, but also a prerequisite for security. The key reasons for low innovativeness of industrial products in Ukraine are identified. The authors identify the structure of value added of domestic industrial production and the place of Ukraine and the EU countries in the global ranking according to the globalization index. The authors justify their proposals concerning regulations and ways of rationalizing the activity of innovation parks as an effective means of increasing the level of innovation and the growth of industrial production.
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Porokhnya, Vasyl, and Oleksandr Ostapenko. "Neural network and index forecasting of the strategies of development of the armed forces of Ukraine depending on their own economic opportunities and encroachments of the states of aggressors." SHS Web of Conferences 65 (2019): 04004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20196504004.
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Ukraine has a relative drawback in the economic defense capabilities, which needs to be addressed by raising the indicators of macroeconomic development, innovation, and economic potential, social health of the population of the state, and the support of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, by the state. The estimation of the defense capability of states like Ukraine, Poland, Russia and Turkey is made on the basis of the developed methodological approach to the overall representation of the health of the economies of the states and their defense capabilities using the method of constructing petal diagrams with the definition of their effective areas, which became indicators of economic status and defense capability. The article analyses the dependence of the development level of the countries’ economies and the state of development of the armed forces of these countries in the conditions of resource constraints and existing risks on the basis of macroeconomic data and indicators. This article uses the indicators for the determination of the level of defense capability and the data of petal diagrams and the scenario modeling of the development strategies of the Armed Forces of Ukraine with the aim of constructing the most optimal forecast in this area.
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Binytska, Kateryna. "SPECIALISTS’ PROFESSIONAL TRAINING IN ECONOMIC SECTOR IN THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND IN PEDAGOGICAL THEORY." Continuing Professional Education: Theory and Practice, no. 2 (2019): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/1609-8595.2019.2.6871.
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The article deals with the problem of specialists’ professional training in economic sector in the Republic of Poland in pedagogical theory. The article is considered problems of specialists’ professional training in economic sector in the Republic of Poland in pedagogical researches domestic and Polish scholars. The author generalizes that in modern pedagogical studies considerable attention is paid to the peculiarities and conditions of professional training of the future economists; the author pays attention to the factors influencing the professional training of the specialists’ professional training in economic sector. It is revealed that domestic scientists actively conduct scientific comparative-pedagogical researches on the problems of training of the specialists’ professional training in economic sector in Ukraine and the Republic of Poland. It is emphasized that the subject of scientific researches of Polish scientists is: the problems of methodology of professional training at the universities of the country; general principles of training of the future specialists of the economic branch in the context of the needs of Polish financial institutions. It is noted that despite the considerable number of pedagogical studies of domestic researchers on the problems of development of specialists’ professional training in economic sector in the Republic of Poland, in the context of the needs of the modern economy, it has not become a holistic solution. In particular, there are tendencies for the development of specialists’ professional training in economic sector n the Republic of Poland, in line with the requirements of the single European higher education area, outside the attention of scientists. Features are highlighted specialists’ professional training in economic sector in higher education institutions of the Republic of Poland. It is generalized that modern scientific researches on the problem of professional training of specialists in the field of economics in the Republic of Poland is a significant theoretical advancement and practical recommendations.
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Rogozinska-Mitrut, Joanna, Kostiantyn Sapun, Janusz Soboń, and Ruslana V. Seleznova. "Study of the Way to Overcome the Crisis by Development of International Tourism Business in Ukraine in Cooperation with Poland." Business, Economics, Sustainability, Leadership and Innovation 4 (July 15, 2020): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37659/2663-5070-2020-4-33-39.
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Crisis trends in the economies of eastern Europe from time to time make themselves felt, touching many sectors of the economy at once. In the conditions of the Ukrainian crisis, as well as a number of economic shocks affecting Poland, the development of the tourism business seems very promising. Quantitative and qualitative indicators of the success of the economy of Eastern Europe indicate the need to give a tangible and non-standard impetus to the development of the economy. The article traces the importance of developing the international tour- ism business as a link capable of ensuring an influx of investments and economic growth in Ukraine and Poland, as well as improving their international image and investment attractiveness, becoming a prologue to the further development of their economic situation. The most urgent necessary steps for the development of tourism industries in the considered countries, as well as ways to enhance tourist flows in the region, are noted. The Polish and Ukrainian experience in the field of international tourism business is compared and recommendations for organizing public-private partnerships and international cooperation are formulated.
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Sulym, Borys. "Ukrainian-Polish trade and economic relations in modern conditions." Grani 23, no. 10 (October 30, 2020): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/172091.
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The main directions of development of Ukrainian-Polish trade relations are considered in the article. The positive and negative effects of cross-border cooperation in trade and investment are substantiated, as well as a number of recommendations for building mutually beneficial relations on the basis of national interests.The purpose of this article is to assess the Ukrainian-Polish trade and economic relations in modern conditions in order to form scientifically sound recommendations for the development of mutually beneficial cross-border cooperation, taking into account national interests.Research methods. Methods of scientific analysis are used in the critical assessment of the concept of free market and free trade; comparison in the study of the dynamics of Ukrainian-Polish trade relations; graphical method for displaying and comparing trade in goods and services and investment between Poland and Ukraine; method of generalization in the development of proposals to improve the efficiency of cross-border trade and investment between countries, taking into account national characteristics and interests.Results. An assessment of Ukrainian-Polish trade and economic relations over the past ten years is given. It is proved that Ukrainian-Polish relations in the field of trade in goods do not have significant benefits for the Ukrainian economy, as their balance is negative during the period under study. Emphasis is placed on mutual exits in the field of trade in services, where the Polish side actively uses Ukrainian enterprises to order services for processing material resources through cheap labor, which stimulates the inflow of funds into Ukrainian business, job creation and more. There is a significant predominance of Polish investment in the national economy over Ukrainian investment in the Polish economy, due to the higher development of the Polish economy and interest in building branches and subsidiaries of Polish enterprises.A number of measures have been proposed to increase the economic complexity of the domestic economy in order to increase technological exports to Poland and equalize the trade balance between the countries; the directions of development of trade in services (in particular medical services in the conditions of COVID-19), as well as measures to increase the volume of Polish investment are substantiated.
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Melnyk, Hanna. "LABOR MIGRATION OF UKRAINIANS TO THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND 2014–2022." European Historical Studies, no. 23 (2022): 44–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2022.23.3.
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The purpose is to analyze the evolution of the migration policy of Ukraine and Poland since the beginning of the Russian-Ukrainian war in 2014 and in the conditions of the aggravation of migration flows after the Russian large-scale invasion in February 2022. Among the methods, a systemic method was used to study the Polish economic thought regarding the profitability and prospects of attracting Ukrainian labor resources, a comparative analysis of the results of Ukrainian labor migration was also conducted, taking into account the requirements of Polish laws. The position of Poland regarding changes in the direction of Ukrainian migration flows has been analyzed. It has been proven that for Ukrainian citizens, the Republic of Poland remains a country where it is possible to implement social and economic expectations. Official Warsaw provides tangible assistance to Ukraine in its confrontation with Russia, providing jobs for migrant workers and social protection for their family members. The deterioration of Ukraine’s security and foreign economic situation is pushing for more active development of the Polish labor market. Currently, the Polish border has become a border against the hybrid expansion of the Russian Federation, so it will be necessary for official Kyiv to ensure the stability and flexibility of its own monetary policy and permit system in order to preserve the possibilities of reproduction of production processes It has been concluded that Polish economists hold a picture that the liberalization of the Polish migration policy towards Ukrainians will contribute to the steady growth of the economy. Recommendations have been made that active steps taken by official Warsaw regarding the growing interest in Ukrainian labor resources would lead to the implementation of vital steps taken by the Polish government to protect against aging tendencies of the Polish nation. It has been highlighted that the implementation of Ukrainian migration policy is dependent on Russian, European and Polish strategies. Under the conditions of the Russian-Ukrainian war, the Polish policy of facilitating the obtaining of legal residence rights and employment of Ukrainian citizens is encouraged by the Ukrainian authorities as an opportunity to receive remittances from abroad, therefore official Kyiv seeks to gain the experience of Poland to attract and use European structural, regional and industry programs and funds. Therefore, Ukraine and Poland, in cooperation with European structures, are able to promote a new quality of security against hybrid attacks of the Russian Federation with the aim of preserving and sustainable development of their own economies and the economies of partners.
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Dziuban, Roman. "Yakiv Honigsman and his collection in the funds of the manuscript department of the Vasyl Stefanyk National Scientific Library of Ukraine in Lviv." Proceedings of Vasyl Stefanyk National Scientific Library of Ukraine in Lviv, no. 14(30) (December 2022): 229–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37222/2524-0315-2022-14(30)-10.
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In recent years, the interest of both the general public and the scientific community to get better acquainted with the culture of national minorities in Ukraine has been growing. Therefore, intelligence becomes relevant, which covers the processes of development of cultures of these minorities and actualizes the directions of further research in this area. One such minority is the Jewish minority. Jews belong to one of the oldest ethnic minorities in Ukraine, known since ancient times. The number of Jews declined sharply in Ukraine in the middle of the last century, due to the policy of extermination by the German Nazis during World War II, and continued to decline during the independence of Ukraine due to the departure of a large number of Jews to their ancient homeland. territory of the State of Israel. However, in the new post-Soviet conditions of an independent Ukrainian state, the Jewish community has better opportunities to develop its national culture. The purpose of the article and our task was to review the personal fund of the economist and researcher of the history of the Jewish community of eastern Poland and western Ukraine, which makes up the historical and biographical background. Archival research methods were used in compiling the descriptions of J. Honigsman’s fund, and a biographical method was used in compiling the biographical information about the scientist. Autobiographies, personal documents, memoirs, articles about the scientist, as well as correspondence were used for the analysis. General historical research methods and the historical source method were useful. The described archive of J. Honigsman can be useful first of all to economists who study the economy of Western Ukraine in the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries. There are some values of his work on the life and death (Holocaust) of Jews during the German occupation of Galicia, as well as documents relating to the life of the Jewish community in Lviv after Ukraine gained independence in 1991. Keywords: Honigsman, Jewish literature, old prints, manuscripts, B’nai Brith International, reviews, ghetto, Ukrainian-Jewish relations, correspondence.
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Sozanskyy, L. Y. "PROBLEMS OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINIAN INDUSTRY: ECONOMIC AND LEGAL ASPECTS." Economics and Law, no. 1 (May 10, 2022): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/econlaw.2022.01.109.
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High innovation activity is one of the most important conditions for effective socio-economic development of the country. However, in Ukraine, as in other transition economies, the level of innovation development is unsatisfactory. The study was conducted to diagnose problems and develop proposals to stimulate innovative development of the national economy and its industrial sector. In the analytical part of the work, based on the results of the comparative analysis, it is stated that the innovativeness of Ukrainian industrial products is the lowest in Europe. It was found that in addition to the low level of innovation of Ukrainian industry products, the problem is the excessively high or extremely low export orientation of the latter. Thus, the share of products sold abroad in the volume of sold innovative products of Ukraine in 2019 was 54.2 %, while in Poland — 46.2 %. In terms of manufacturing, the highest export orientation of innovative products in Ukraine is characteristic of metallurgical production (90.6 %), production of rubber and plastic products (82 %), repair and installation of machinery and equipment (63.6 %). It is emphasized that excessively high export orientation of innovative products in the conditions of socio-political instability and intensification of globalization processes creates potential risks for the economic security of the country. Three groups of factors influencing innovation activity in Ukraine are substantiated, which include: the level of industrialization of the economy and manufacturability of industrial production; customs policy, foreign economic influence, economic globalization; institutional and macroeconomic environment, special legal framework, mental features of entrepreneurial behavior, etc. It is empirically proven that the low level of innovation of domestic industrial products is a consequence of the long-term policy of agrarianization of the national economy and at the same time unstable dynamics of development of manufacturing industries. The structure of value added of domestic industrial productions is constructed and the place of Ukraine and the EU countries in the world rating on value of an index of economic globalization, de facto is defined. A critical analysis of the legal framework for the implementation of state customs policy of Ukraine. Proposals to the domestic legislation on regulatory and legal regulation and rationalization of innovation parks as an effective way to increase the level of innovation and growth of industrial production are substantiated.
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Kоtvitska, Аlla, and Daryna Tarasenko. "RESULTS OF COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FORMATION OF PERSONNEL POTENTIAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SUPPLY SYSTEMS IN UKRAINE, BELARUS, POLAND, COUNTRIES OF THE CIS AND THE EUROPEAN REGION OF WHO." EUREKA: Health Sciences, no. 1 (December 24, 2020): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5679.2021.001566.
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As a result of the radical changes that have taken place in pharmacy at the turn of the century, the role of pharmaceutical workers has acquired a fundamentally new meaning and development in the health care system of the countries. Under these conditions, the issue of forming the human resources of pharmaceutical support systems acquires not only important professional significance, but also acquires socio-economic content for the effective development of the macroeconomic complex of countries as a whole.
The aim. Carrying out a comparative analysis of the process of forming the human resources of pharmaceutical supply systems in Ukraine, Belarus, Poland, the countries of cooperation of the Independent States (CIS) and the European Region countries (ER) of the World Health Organization (WHO).
Materials and methods. The indicators of the total number of graduates-pharmacists, as well as indicators of the number per 100 thousand population in Ukraine, Belarus, Poland, the CIS and ER of WHO during 2000–2013 were studied. These indicators are presented on the European Health Information Portal. (“Information and facts”). The authors used historical, information-analytical, analytical-comparative, systemic, logical, hypothetical-deductive and generalizations, as well as mathematical-statistical research methods.
Results. It is established that during 2000–2013 in Ukraine there was a significant increase in the number of graduates of pharmacists from 2.61 to 14.49 people per 100 thousand people. It is proved that Ukraine had the highest rates (%) of changes in these indicators, compared to other countries. Thus, the average value of the growth rate (%) of this indicator in Ukraine was 15.0 %, in Belarus and the CIS countries – 9.0 %, in Poland – 3.0 %, and in the ER of WHO – 4.0 %. It should be noted that in Ukraine, Belarus and Poland there was an unstable nature of changes in the number of graduates of pharmacists, per 100 thousand of us. According to the comparative analysis, it was found that the average value of the analyzed indicator in Ukraine was 5.8 times higher than in Belarus and 2.3 times higher than in Poland. In addition, the corresponding data of Ukraine were 3.1 and 2.6 times higher than similar indicators calculated in the CIS and ER of WHO countries. It is also noteworthy that the decline in Ukraine was characterized only by one year (2010), and amounted to 3.0 %.
Conclusions. Against the background of a systematic increase in the number of graduates-pharmacists who received diplomas in higher educational institutions of Ukraine, it is promising to analyze the dynamics of changes in the number of specialists who are actively engaged in professional activities in the pharmaceutical system. Confirming the status of a pharmaceutical country, in our opinion, Ukraine should form a socially oriented profile of the human resources potential of the health care system among the ER countries of WHO.
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Nemesh, Petro, and Vitalii Kadala. "ECONOMIC AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE FRANCHISE AGREEMENT IN POLAND." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 5, no. 1 (March 22, 2019): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2019-5-1-137-142.
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The purpose of the article is to study the economic and legal nature of the franchise agreement in Poland. Since franchising in this country has become the most common way of establishing a business, it is advisable to identify the key economic and legal features of the franchise agreement in which the parties specify their rights and obligations, the franchise price, the duration of the franchise relations, the procedure for performing calculations, etc. The subject of the study is a franchise agreement in Poland. Research methodology. The research is based on the use of general scientific and special-scientific methods and techniques of scientific knowledge. The dialectical method allowed us to investigate the definition of a franchise agreement in Poland and its key terms. The comparative legal method was used to compare doctrinal approaches to this issue. The statistical method was used to establish data that reflects the effectiveness of franchising activities. The method of system analysis helped to find out in which areas of economic activity franchising is most demanded. Interpretation of the content of Polish legal acts governing issues related to the conclusion of a franchise agreement in this country was realized with the help of the normative-dogmatic method. The system-structural method was used to study the franchise agreement in Poland as a single entity (system) with the coordinated functioning of all its elements. The methods of grouping and classifying formed the basis for separating the list of conditions, which are necessary for concluding a franchise agreement in Poland, as well as provisions that should be included in the content of this agreement. Methods of analysis and synthesis helped to study some parts of this agreement to formulate further conclusions. Practical application. The positive experience of Poland in regulating issues related to the conclusion of a franchise agreement can be used for making appropriate changes to the Ukrainian legislation. Although there is no special legislation in Poland, which regulates the issues connected with this kind of contract, the adoption of a number of progressive economic measures, as well as complement existing regulations with the provisions on franchising, allowed Poland to become one of the most attractive countries for foreign entrepreneurs. Correlation/originality. This scientific work is the first research in Ukraine devoted not only to general issues of regulation of franchising activity in Europe but specifically to the franchise agreement in a separate country (in Poland) and its legal and economic peculiarities.
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KICHURCHAK, Marianna. "Household bank deposit market in Ukraine: structural and regional peculiarities." Fìnansi Ukraïni 2020, no. 8 (October 23, 2020): 26–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.33763/finukr2020.08.026.
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The household bank deposit market belongs to one of the important components of the financial system of each country, leading to the need to clarify the dynamics of its development in the national economy and its regions. The purpose of the article is to determine the main regularities of functioning the household bank deposit market in terms of regions and the nature of structural changes in it, to develop recommendations for improving its environment and working conditions in the economy of Ukraine. Scientific methods of deduction and induction, analysis and synthesis, comparison and econometric modelling have been used. Structural peculiarities of the evolution of this market in 2009-20118 are evaluated at the regional level and its development is compared with similar markets in Belarus and Poland. The author has established this market had a tendency towards gradual decrease based on the reaction of households due to changes in social and economic and political conditions and violation of the banking system integrity in the years after 2014. It is determined that there was a gradual increase of regional concentration indices caused by raising differences of regional social and economic characteristics and household expectations. The following scientific and methodological approach to determining the nature of the development of the household bank deposit market by regions of Ukraine is worked out: specification of the main factors, their subsequent concretization by finding chief parameters of econometric models and clarifying the impact of identified factors on the regional structure of this market. It is found out that the improvements of social and economic conditions and activation of the labour market at the regional level, prudent policy of commercial banks concerning interest rates on deposits will create a favourable environment for the development of this market by region and achievement of positive structural transformations.
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PEJUNK, KJIMIZ, and OLEKSII KVILINSKIY. "STATE IN STABILIZATION OF SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NON-SAVING TERRITORIES." Economic innovations 20, no. 2(67) (June 20, 2018): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2018.20.2(67).58-68.
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Topicality. The urgency of the problem of state incentives for the sustainable development of regions on the basis of economic freedom, property, rule of law and democracy is increasing in today's conditions of strengthening the role of such factors as globalization, competitiveness and innovation in the world. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to study theoretical, methodological and practical recommendations, which should justify the tools for improving the state incentives for the sustainable development of regions in Ukraine and Poland, taking into account the experience gained from the European Union countries. Research results. Research and practice show that the development and rates of economic growth in the country depend on the efficiency of public institutions. They are one of the most important variables that explain the differences in the rates of economic growth in the groups of developing and transforming countries. It was found that the decentralization of state functions means that it delegates its powers to the structures it establishes, one of which is a region with, inter alia, administrative rights. Therefore, the article provides a comparative analysis of the legal conditions for the sustainable development of the regions in the EU, Poland and Ukraine. It should be noted that both the basis for smart development and inclusive development are important, however, this study focuses on the components of sustainable development, and, therefore, the stimulation of an economy that effectively uses resources, while being environmentally friendly and more competitive. Conclusions. It was found that in all the analyzed countries, the planning documents on the regional level take into account the basic principles of the arrangement, development and land use taking into account historical, economic, ecological, demographic, ethnic and cultural features of the region. Prospects for future research in the field of state incentives for sustainable development of regions are related to the effective structure of the formation of the institutional environment of the state.
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Kasianenko, Volodymyr, Tetiana Kasianenko, and Juliya Kasaeva. "Investment potential forecast and strategies for its expansion: case of Ukraine." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 17, no. 1 (April 6, 2020): 329–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.17(1).2020.28.
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In the current conditions of capital market liberalization, developing countries achieve a faster economic growth rate by actively attracting various types of foreign investment. The steady rise in the volume of foreign investment into the country could be achieved only due to its high investment potential.Therefore, this study aims to develop the methodology for determining the dynamic changes in the country’s investment potential, and its relevant medium-term indicators identify the degree of informational technology influence on Ukraine’s investment potential. It is essential to define the position of Ukraine in the global context in terms of the level of information technologies as the catalyst for investment attractiveness.The relevant indicators defining Ukraine’s investment potential were forecasted using the Brown-Meyer exponential smoothing model. To calculate the integral indicator of the investment potential, the Hurst exponent was applied. Kohonen self-organizing maps were used to group the countries according to their informational technology parameters.Ukraine’s investment potential was found to decrease since 2019 and is equal to 0.6493 units in 2020 and 0.6407 units in 2021 due to the decline of the indicators describing the human capital, infrastructure, technological development, and socio-economic conditions. Technology has a significant influence on Ukraine’s investment potential. Its impact is rising each year from 1.70% to 5.17% and 13.04% between 2019 and 2021, respectively. According to the level of technology, Ukraine is in the group with Spain, Romania, and Poland since 2017.The decreasing investment potential forecast and the positive influence of technology level on it bring the opportunity to form the priority areas for expansion of investment potential based on the adaptation of world instruments to implement the investment policy within national economic conditions.
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Medvid, Oksana. "THE DEVELOPMENT OF CREDIT COOPERATION IN DROHOBYCH REGION (1920s ‒ 1930s)." Problems of humanities. History, no. 5/47 (March 27, 2021): 282–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.24919/2312-2595.5/47.217788.
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Summary. The purpose of the study is to reveal the activities of credit unions in Drohobych region in the interwar period, to show their role in the economic protection of the Ukrainian population of Galicia in interwar Poland. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, systematicity, scientificity, authorial objectivity, as well as the use of general scientific and special-historical methods. The scientific novelty lies in the study of the development of credit cooperation in Drohobych in the 1920‒1930’s. Conclusions. An important place in the cooperative movement of Eastern Galicia in the interwar period belonged to credit cooperatives. In 1938, there were 25 credit cooperatives of Raiffeisen type (rural associations) and Ukrainian banks (Schulze-Delich city cooperatives) in Drohobych region, which were united around Central Bank (Central Cooperative Bank of "Krai Credit Union"). The capital of these institutions consisted of shares of members and contributions of the population. Credit cooperation protected Ukrainians, increased their solvency and economic independence, national consciousness. The main financial institution of the Ukrainian credit cooperative was Central Bank. With well-developed cooperation, Ukrainians could work effectively even under unfavourable conditions and hostility from the Polish occupation regime. The cooperation protected not only the material but also the spiritual needs of Ukrainian citizens, it was a natural manifestation of social and economic self-organization of the people, a source of its cultural self-development. The financial and credit system contributed to the development of cooperation through the organization of affordable credit for the population, the facilitation of mutual relations between national organizations and the strengthening of the legal status of cooperation.
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Łyżwa, Edyta. "Innowacyjność w sektorze rolno-spożywczym na przykładzie gospodarki Polski i Ukrainy." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 19(34), no. 2 (June 28, 2019): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2019.19.2.28.
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Research on agricultural economy is important for the analysis of food security in Europe. The article adopted innovations as a pro-development stimulus of the sector, subjecting observations to examples of activity in this area in recent years in Poland and Ukraine. The aim of the article was to approximate the conditions and specifics of innovative activity in the agricultural sector of selected economies. The recalled economic events and statistical data allowed to draw conclusions about the need for intensified intensification of innovative activity in the agricultural sector.
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Shemakhina, I. "SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF POST-SOCIALIST COUNTRIES: CONTRADICTORY TRENDS AND CHALLENGES OF THE PRESENT." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Economics, no. 218 (2022): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2667.2022/218-1/7.
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The article analyses the social and economic development of 14 post-socialist countries from 2001 to 2020. By assessing their clustering, a conclusion was made about the contradictory combination of two evolution tendencies of these countries: simultaneous deployment of processes of divergence, asymmetry of their social and economic development and deployment of convergence processes, and formation of separate clusters of the specified countries. In particular, the European Union member states, such as Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Hungary, and the Czech Republic, formed a separate cluster in 2020, characterized by the highest GDP per capita in the group, the share of expenditure on education and the highest level of the spending on health care in GDP. A separate cluster was formed by Ukraine and Moldova, potential EU candidate countries. The place of Ukraine among the considered countries in the period 2001-2020 and in modern conditions was analyzed. It was concluded that the indicators of socio-economic development of Ukraine demonstrate cyclical dynamics under the influence of global factors and shocks, taking into account the turning point events for the whole world in 2022. It was noted that new world order is currently developing. There are new initiatives and concepts within the EU, which provide great opportunities for Ukraine for European integration. In this context, the institutional factors of convergent and divergent development of post-socialist countries, which will be aimed at resolving the existing military and political conflicts, settlement of global imbalances, stabilization of world economic development, have an essential role.
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Hibbing, John R., and Samuel C. Patterson. "Public Trust in the New Parliaments of Central and Eastern Europe." Political Studies 42, no. 4 (December 1994): 570–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.1994.tb00299.x.
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After the collapse of the Soviet empire, democratic parliamentary elections were conducted in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, and new parliaments convened, in the early 1990s. How much confidence did citizens in these new democracies have in their new parliament? Under what conditions is citizens' trust in parliament meagre or ample? Public opinion surveys conduced in 1990–1 in nine countries – Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Estonia, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovenia, and Ukraine – provide data for analysing citizens', trusting or distrusting orientations. Parliamentary trust is significantly influenced by perceptions of economic conditions, and by confidence in politicians and government generally but, surprisingly, not much affected by political awareness or involvement levels, political efficacy, or social class differentials. These findings indicate that public confidence in these parliaments will grow with economic prosperity and the demonstrated effectiveness of the government to govern.
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Lewandowska, Anna, Elżbieta Inglot-Brzęk, and Ruslan Harasym. "Determinants of Polish Exports to the Ukrainian Market." Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i Prognozy 12, no. 3 (January 9, 2015): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.56583/br.1031.
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The aim of this article is to diagnose the state of Polish-Ukrainian economic relations in the area of trade in goods and services, with particular emphasis on the export of goods to the Ukrainian market. The study includes an analysis of the legal conditions and statistical data on trade cooperation between Poland and Ukraine. In order to deepen the theoretical discussion, a quantitative study was carried out among Polish enterprises cooperating with Ukrainian partners, or operating on the Ukrainian market. The results are primarily focused on depicting the exports of goods and services of Polish entrepreneurs to the Ukrainian market.
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Poliak, Olga. "COMMON AND DIFFERENT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIOLOGICAL EDUCATION IN CLASSICAL UNIVERSITIES." Visnyk Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Pedagogy, no. 1 (13) (2021): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2415-3699.2021.13.13.
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The commonalities and differences between Ukraine and the United States have been studied. They compared their socio-cultural and economic "field" and proved that only in the United States were relatively favorable conditions for the emergence and strengthening of sociology as a science and as a university discipline, where there were mostly university professors and scientific schools organized by them. America has successfully used the human resources of Poland and other European countries for the development of applied sociology, and the reasons for the rise of the University of Chicago as the first "sociological capital" have been explained.
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Volosiuk, Maryna V. "The Conceptualization of Ensuring Local Economic Development: Foreign Experience and Possibilities of Its Adaptation for Ukraine." Business Inform 12, no. 539 (2022): 154–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2022-12-154-163.
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The purpose of the article is to study the conceptual foundations of local economic development in different countries of the world and provide recommendations on the possibility of adapting foreign experience for Ukraine. The article proposes the author’s own definition of the concept of «ensuring local economic development» from the point of view of a hierarchical approach as a system of public-managerial actions, measures and decisions aimed at increasing economic activity and satisfying local interests. The article explores the conceptual foundations of local economic development in the USA, Canada and Poland. Countries have different priorities, plans and areas of activity in local economic development, but it is common to take into account the economic realities of globalization, the balance of interests of a wide range of all stakeholders and partners, planning, the strategic nature of initiatives and the lack of unification of approaches to local economic development. The policy of ensuring local economic development in the United States in the context of modern challenges is being modernized, along with traditional instruments, novel methods of supporting local economic development appear. And the federal government plays a decisive and unique role in this process, developing policies of various influences on the regions and territories of the country based on their economic realities. Interesting conceptual directions for ensuring local economic development of Canadian territories in the current conditions are the conceptions of economic self-dependence and economic self-sufficiency, which are based on reducing dependence on the State-controlled subsidies, subventions, other economies, etc. The major role in the local economic development plays the Department of Regional and Local Development of Canada and Canadian Regional Development Agencies. Ensuring local economic development in Poland depends on the economic policies pursued by public authorities at the central, regional and local levels. Here it is worth noting a synchronized and proactive approach to the formation of strategic priorities, which includes taking into account the logical, spatial, temporal correspondence of all strategic attributes to achieve overall coherence of development directions at the national, regional and local levels, as well as significant support and financial assistance on the part of the European Union in the implementation of strategic goals of local economic development. Based on foreign experience, Ukraine needs to carry out the transformation of the State regional policy in order to develop and implement programs for the post-war recovery of regional economies. Local governments should focus on developing their own local economic development policy, which would be in line with the State regional policy of post-war recovery.
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Dergachev, V. O. "EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE OF REGIONAL POLICY AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN UKRAINE." Economic innovations 19, no. 3(65) (December 19, 2017): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2017.19.3(65).56-66.
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In Europe over the past decades, the processes of regionalization are actively occurring - the redistribution of the state's power competencies to a supranational or subnational (regional) level. The problems of competitiveness of the regions come to the fore, the increase of which is possible when using not only economic, but also local historical, sociocultural, ecological and other features. "New regionalism" differs from traditional development in conditions of multipolarity of the world, openness, formation "from below", participation of non-state and subnational actors. The new regionalism is a triple regionalism that takes into account not only the economic, but also the socio-cultural and environmental aspects. The advantage in competitiveness is given to regions and territorial communities, where local socio-cultural communications are taken into account most of all. The new European regionalism does not mean abandoning the nation state, but increasing the efficiency of regional development at the expense of human energy. As you know, Western Europe has limited energy and other resources. Therefore, in the global competition, the European Union, from the beginning of its formation, relied on the effective use of human resources. Its potential is significantly increased if a local comfortable environment is created that takes into account the sociocultural features of the territorial communities. Turning to the analogy, this means, for example, for Ukraine, that the people of Galicia do not feel discomfort in their sociocultural environment, and the inhabitants of the Donbass or Chernigov region in their own. Unlike the countries of Central and Eastern Europe that carried out administrative reforms during the period of geopolitical and geo-economic transformation, Ukraine could not realize it in a quarter of a century of independence. A decade ago, the American model of enlarged territorial units was taken as the basis of the territorial administrative reform, now the Polish model dominates in the absence of the state's financial capacity to reform, but with the participation of local businesses in the formation of territorial communities. As a result, the fundamental goal of the reform in improving the manageability of the territories is violated, which is a threat to the Ukrainian statehood.
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Gerlach, Iryna, and Olha Ryndzak. "Ukrainian Migration Crisis Caused by the War." Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs 26, no. 2 (July 26, 2022): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33067/se.2.2022.2.
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The open Russian military invasion of Ukraine supported by Belarus launched in February 2022 has changed the usual state of affairs and caused the economic, humanitarian, and migration crises. Several millions of Ukrainian people had to move to safer regions of the country, and a significant share of them (mostly women, children, and elderly people) have left abroad in search of safer living conditions, which has become the worst migration crisis since the World War II. Many Ukrainian citizens have been forced to move to Russia. Poland hosts the largest number of Ukrainian citizens among the EU countries (about 60% of all refugees), much less left for Romania, Hungary, Slovakia, and Germany. Almost every European country helps Ukraine in some way or another, hosting its residents and providing asylum. The aim of this article is to investigate the tendencies and changes of forced migration in Ukraine in the conditions of war. The collective protection of displaced persons allows immediate assistance to many people in conditions of emergencies and reduces pressure on the system of asylum provision authorities. This decision provides the right to Ukrainians to live, work, and receive assistance in the EU countries avoiding the lingering process of asylum application submission and long waiting for the respective decision. The article highlights the comparison of standards for providing temporary protection of displaced persons in the EU countries that have accepted most of them. Certainly, the situation with the mass movement of people or leaving abroad will have negative consequences for Ukraine. The return of forcibly displaced from Ukraine will depend on what way of legal stay abroad they choose (status of “forced” tourist, refugee, or temporary protection). Moreover, the duration of hostilities and effi ciency and complexity of actions taken by state and local authorities to implement economic and social reforms will have much effect. The article offers various development scenarios for Ukraine and ways and incentives for returning Ukrainian citizens to their Motherland.