Relevant bibliographies by topics / Gait and upper body

Academic literature on the topic 'Gait and upper body'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Gait and upper body"

1

Shiraishi, M., and H. Watanabe. "Pneumatic Assist Device for Gait Restoration." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 118, no. 1 (March 1, 1996): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2801158.

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An assist device for gait restoration powered by body weight has been developed using pneumatic equipment. The aim of this system is to assist people who have weakened lower limbs and require rehabilitation for walking. An experimental design system based on a mechanical bracing structure demonstrates the possibility of using upper body weight to power a pneumatically operated assistive walking system for weakened lower limbs. Continuous forward stepping can be achieved by shifting the upper body weight consecutively from one walking stick to the other through the upper limbs. The main feature of the proposed device is that an individual “walks” using his own energy.
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Summa, A., G. Vannozzi, and A. Cappozzo. "Upper body accelerations during gait in typically developing children." Gait & Posture 40 (August 2014): S5—S6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2014.05.024.

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Nguyen, Trong-Nguyen, Huu-Hung Huynh, and Jean Meunier. "Measurement of Human Gait Symmetry using Body Surface Normals Extracted from Depth Maps." Sensors 19, no. 4 (February 21, 2019): 891. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19040891.

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In this paper, we introduce an approach for measuring human gait symmetry where the input is a sequence of depth maps of subject walking on a treadmill. Body surface normals are used to describe 3D information of the walking subject in each frame. Two different schemes for embedding the temporal factor into a symmetry index are proposed. Experiments on the whole body, as well as the lower limbs, were also considered to assess the usefulness of upper body information in this task. The potential of our method was demonstrated with a dataset of 97,200 depth maps of nine different walking gaits. An ROC analysis for abnormal gait detection gave the best result ( AUC = 0.958 ) compared with other related studies. The experimental results provided by our method confirm the contribution of upper body in gait analysis as well as the reliability of approximating average gait symmetry index without explicitly considering individual gait cycles for asymmetry detection.
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An, Kang, Chuanjiang Li, Zuhua Fang, and Chengju Liu. "Effects of upper body parameters on biped walking efficiency studied by dynamic optimization." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 14, no. 1 (December 22, 2016): 172988141668270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881416682702.

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Walking efficiency is one of the considerations for designing biped robots. This article uses the dynamic optimization method to study the effects of upper body parameters, including upper body length and mass, on walking efficiency. Two minimal actuations, hip joint torque and push-off impulse, are used in the walking model, and minimal constraints are set in a free search using the dynamic optimization. Results show that there is an optimal solution of upper body length for the efficient walking within a range of walking speed and step length. For short step length, walking with a lighter upper body mass is found to be more efficient and vice versa. It is also found that for higher speed locomotion, the increase of the upper body length and mass can make the walking gait optimal rather than other kind of gaits. In addition, the typical strategy of an optimal walking gait is that just actuating the swing leg at the beginning of the step.
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Müller, Roy, Christian Rode, Soran Aminiaghdam, Johanna Vielemeyer, and Reinhard Blickhan. "Force direction patterns promote whole body stability even in hip-flexed walking, but not upper body stability in human upright walking." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 473, no. 2207 (November 2017): 20170404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2017.0404.

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Directing the ground reaction forces to a focal point above the centre of mass of the whole body promotes whole body stability in human and animal gaits similar to a physical pendulum. Here we show that this is the case in human hip-flexed walking as well. For all upper body orientations (upright, 25°, 50°, maximum), the focal point was well above the centre of mass of the whole body, suggesting its general relevance for walking. Deviations of the forces' lines of action from the focal point increased with upper body inclination from 25 to 43 mm root mean square deviation (RMSD). With respect to the upper body in upright gait, the resulting force also passed near a focal point (17 mm RMSD between the net forces' lines of action and focal point), but this point was 18 cm below its centre of mass. While this behaviour mimics an unstable inverted pendulum, it leads to resulting torques of alternating sign in accordance with periodic upper body motion and probably provides for low metabolic cost of upright gait by keeping hip torques small. Stabilization of the upper body is a consequence of other mechanisms, e.g. hip reflexes or muscle preflexes.
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Romkes, J., E. Viehweger, and K. Bracht-Schweizer. "Upper body gait deviations in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy." Gait & Posture 90 (October 2021): 213–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2021.09.110.

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Romkes, Jacqueline, Reinald Brunner, and Katrin Schweizer. "Upper body gait kinematics in children with hemplegic cerebral palsy." Gait & Posture 39 (June 2014): S4—S5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2014.04.009.

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Lee, Daewook, Jiman Soon, Gyuri Choi, Kijoon Kim, and Sangwoo Bahn. "Identification of the Visually Prominent Gait Parameters for Forensic Gait Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 4 (February 21, 2022): 2467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042467.

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Walking patterns can be used as a key parameter in identifying individuals, as it varies visually depending on one’s body size as well as their habits, gender, and age group. In this study, we measure the gait characteristics of a large number of subjects using 34 visual parameters to identify significant parameters that can be used to distinguish individual walking features. We recorded 291 subjects’ walking on a constructed footpath using four video cameras, and data on parameters was calculated at the points of double support, toe-off, and heel-strike. K-means Clustering Analysis and ANOVA were conducted to determine the difference between age, gender, and BMI. As a result, we confirm that parameters related to the spine, neck, and feet are useful for identifying individuals. In the comparative analysis between age groups, the older the age, the more significant variables appeared in the upper body. The difference between genders showed significant parameters in both the upper and lower bodies of males. Similarly, among the large BMI groups, we also derived significant results in the upper and lower bodies. The key parameters derived from this study can be used more effectively in the real-world visual analysis of gait, as the walking characteristics of a large number of subjects have been measured with a similar view as real-world CCTV. This study will be effectively utilized as a foundation for future research attempting to identify people through their gait by distinguishing major gait characteristic differences.
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Honjo, Toyoyuki, and Hidehisa Yoshida. "Effect of Trunk Swinging Behaviors on Planar Bipedal Walking with an Upper Body on Gentle Slope." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 31, no. 5 (October 20, 2019): 686–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2019.p0686.

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Bipedal walking locomotion is one of the characteristics of human behavior. Both the lower body and the upper body (trunk) behaviors affect walking characteristics. To achieve a suitable gait, it is important to understand the effect of the trunk behavior. Therefore, in this paper, the effects of three types of trunk swinging behavior on planar bipedal gait in a model with an upper body – forward swinging, backward swinging, and no swinging – were evaluated using numerical simulations. To reduce control inputs and reflect the effect of upper body behavior, an underactuated bipedal walker without knee joints was adopted. This walker walked down a gentle slope using only hip actuation between the stance leg and the trunk. As a result, unique gait characteristics that depended on the direction of the trunk swinging behavior were found, including a longer step length and a lower-frequency gait with forward trunk swinging behavior and a shorter step length and higher-frequency gait with smaller angular momentum with backward trunk swinging behavior.
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Ganea, R., N. Goemans, M. van den Hauwe, K. Aminian, A. Paraschiv-Ionescu, and P. Y. Jeannet. "M.P.3.01 Gait steadiness and upper-body kinematics in DMD children." Neuromuscular Disorders 19, no. 8-9 (September 2009): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nmd.2009.06.182.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gait and upper body"

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Kavanagh, Justin, and n/a. "Dynamic Stability of the Upper Body During Walking." Griffith University. School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070219.172055.

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The general purpose of this study was to examine factors that may influence acceleration characteristics of the upper body during walking, thereby clarifying the means by which the postural system facilitates dynamic stability of the upper body during walking. Upper body accelerations were measured during a range of straight-line walking tasks. Time domain, frequency domain, signal regularity and coupling analyses were used to 1) provide new insight into gait-related upper body accelerations during walking in normal healthy adults, and 2) determine how the postural system accommodates to perturbations that challenge upper body stability during walking. The specific perturbations to the postural system that were examined in the present study were the normal ageing process, changes in walking speed, and fatigue of the cervical and lumbar erector spinae. In general, the patterns of accelerations measured at the level of the head were an attenuated version of those at the lower trunk during normal walking. Power spectral analysis revealed that both the head and lower trunk in the anterior-posterior (AP) and vertical directions (VT) directions were characterised by a single peak frequency corresponding the step frequency during normal walking. However, the most notable of all attenuation profiles was the difference between accelerations of the head and lower trunk in the mediolateral (ML) direction. ML trunk accelerations were characterised by multiple low amplitude frequency peaks, which were attenuated to a single peak at the head corresponding to stride frequency. The coupling between acceleration directions was greater for the head than the lower trunk, suggesting that the postural system promotes a coordination strategy which enhances global stability of the head. Subdividing the upper body into neck and trunk segments facilitated a more comprehensive description how the gait-related oscillations are prevented from impacting on the motion of the head. Overall, acceleration amplitude, power content, and regularity were predominantly regulated by the trunk segment, especially for the AP and ML directions. This suggests that the trunk segment plays a critical role in modulating the amplitude and structure of gait-related oscillations prior to reaching the neck segment and thus the head. It was envisaged that examining factors that may challenge the individual (the normal ageing process), and the walking task (changes in walking speed, and induced fatigue of the upper body), would provide new insight into the extent to which the postural system prioritises head stability during walking. Regardless of the challenges imposed on the postural system due to the ageing process, upper body movement was organised in a manner which assisted in maintaining a degree of head stability comparable to those observed under normal walking conditions. Similarly, the importance that the postural system places on maintaining head stability was evident in the attenuation characteristics of the trunk and neck segments when walking speed was manipulated, and neuromuscular fatigue induced. Manipulating walking speed highlighted the critical role that the trunk segment has in regulating upper body accelerations arising from gait-related events. Aside from a minor contribution from the neck segment in the direction of travel at preferred and fast walking speeds, regulation of accelerations occurred due to the dynamics of the trunk segment. Inducing neuromuscular fatigue of the cervical and lumbar erector spinae groups (CES and LES) revealed compensatory movement strategies of the upper body, with a view of enhancing head stability. For several variables quantifying attenuation, fatiguing one muscle group, such as the CES, resulted in changes in the dynamics of another level of the upper body, such as the trunk segment. The trunk segment was particularly dominant in regulating upper body accelerations under fatigued conditions, further reinforcing the importance to control accelerations prior to reaching the neck and head. Overall, the results of this study suggest that optimal head stability is reliant on the trunk segment providing a stable base of support for the neck and head. By regulating accelerations via the trunk segment, the postural system is effectively regulating the orientation of the neck and head, and the inclusive sensory organs. It was evident that the postural system prioritises, and in general, maintains head stability during walking despite challenges imposed on upper body stability.
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Kavanagh, Justin. "Dynamic Stability of the Upper Body During Walking." Thesis, Griffith University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365494.

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The general purpose of this study was to examine factors that may influence acceleration characteristics of the upper body during walking, thereby clarifying the means by which the postural system facilitates dynamic stability of the upper body during walking. Upper body accelerations were measured during a range of straight-line walking tasks. Time domain, frequency domain, signal regularity and coupling analyses were used to 1) provide new insight into gait-related upper body accelerations during walking in normal healthy adults, and 2) determine how the postural system accommodates to perturbations that challenge upper body stability during walking. The specific perturbations to the postural system that were examined in the present study were the normal ageing process, changes in walking speed, and fatigue of the cervical and lumbar erector spinae. In general, the patterns of accelerations measured at the level of the head were an attenuated version of those at the lower trunk during normal walking. Power spectral analysis revealed that both the head and lower trunk in the anterior-posterior (AP) and vertical directions (VT) directions were characterised by a single peak frequency corresponding the step frequency during normal walking. However, the most notable of all attenuation profiles was the difference between accelerations of the head and lower trunk in the mediolateral (ML) direction. ML trunk accelerations were characterised by multiple low amplitude frequency peaks, which were attenuated to a single peak at the head corresponding to stride frequency. The coupling between acceleration directions was greater for the head than the lower trunk, suggesting that the postural system promotes a coordination strategy which enhances global stability of the head. Subdividing the upper body into neck and trunk segments facilitated a more comprehensive description how the gait-related oscillations are prevented from impacting on the motion of the head. Overall, acceleration amplitude, power content, and regularity were predominantly regulated by the trunk segment, especially for the AP and ML directions. This suggests that the trunk segment plays a critical role in modulating the amplitude and structure of gait-related oscillations prior to reaching the neck segment and thus the head. It was envisaged that examining factors that may challenge the individual (the normal ageing process), and the walking task (changes in walking speed, and induced fatigue of the upper body), would provide new insight into the extent to which the postural system prioritises head stability during walking. Regardless of the challenges imposed on the postural system due to the ageing process, upper body movement was organised in a manner which assisted in maintaining a degree of head stability comparable to those observed under normal walking conditions. Similarly, the importance that the postural system places on maintaining head stability was evident in the attenuation characteristics of the trunk and neck segments when walking speed was manipulated, and neuromuscular fatigue induced. Manipulating walking speed highlighted the critical role that the trunk segment has in regulating upper body accelerations arising from gait-related events. Aside from a minor contribution from the neck segment in the direction of travel at preferred and fast walking speeds, regulation of accelerations occurred due to the dynamics of the trunk segment. Inducing neuromuscular fatigue of the cervical and lumbar erector spinae groups (CES and LES) revealed compensatory movement strategies of the upper body, with a view of enhancing head stability. For several variables quantifying attenuation, fatiguing one muscle group, such as the CES, resulted in changes in the dynamics of another level of the upper body, such as the trunk segment. The trunk segment was particularly dominant in regulating upper body accelerations under fatigued conditions, further reinforcing the importance to control accelerations prior to reaching the neck and head. Overall, the results of this study suggest that optimal head stability is reliant on the trunk segment providing a stable base of support for the neck and head. By regulating accelerations via the trunk segment, the postural system is effectively regulating the orientation of the neck and head, and the inclusive sensory organs. It was evident that the postural system prioritises, and in general, maintains head stability during walking despite challenges imposed on upper body stability.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science
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Buckley, Christopher. "Upper body accelerations as a biomarker of gait impairment in the early stages of Parkinson's disease." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/19779/.

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Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD) impair the ability to walk safely and efficiently. Currently, clinical rating scales designed to assess gait are often described to be subjective and lacking sensitivity to detect gait impairments at the early stage of the disease. Devices are available to objectively measure gait within research laboratories; however, they are often expensive and require trained expertise. Inertial measurement units (IMUs) may be an ideal device to measure gait while overcoming many of the limitations of other devices. They can measure movements of the upper body, which in PD is known to be impaired, and therefore may enable the calculation of a variety of acceleration based variables better capable to quantify impaired gait in PD. This thesis aimed to determine the ability of a variety of acceleration based variables obtained from different location of the upper body to detect movements symptomatic to PD from age matched controls. Variables yet to be applied to PD were tested and methodological reasons for why differing results found in the literature was analysed, in an attempt to develop a refined methodology specific to PD. Acceleration based variables were tested relative to, and combined with, variables obtained from a 7m pressure sensitive mat. It was tested whether these variables bring additional information about a patient's gait or if they are merely a reflection of lower limb mechanics, and, whether they can classify PD gait independently or in combination with a pre-existing spatiotemporal model of gait. Results showed that for a large population of people with early stage PD, upper body acceleration variables not previously applied to PD were capable to highlight gait impairments. However, attention must be made to the processing of the acceleration signals as the method used to realign signals to a global reference can significantly impact a variable's sensitivity to PD. Lastly, it was shown that the majority of upper body acceleration variables are unique from typically measured spatiotemporal information, and when using a multivariate approach, were equally capable to highlight gait impairment in PD. This thesis therefore proposes that variables calculated from the upper body using IMUs can be useful biomarkers of gait impairment at the early stage of PD, and if possible, should be used in conjunction with traditional approaches.
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Carlén, Eriksson Lennie, and Willners Jonatan Scharff. "Body Area Network with Gait Symmetry Analyses." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-28353.

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Smart portable devices is increasing in popularity in many fields. In motion tracking many devices have been created in the last years as a help in motivation and observation for training. Most of them is for tracking distance moved, heart-rate and some more basic functions. For deeper analyses in motion tracking a more advanced system is needed. The system needs to be small and light to not influence the movement of the subject in a negative way. It should preferably be cheap. Two other factors is that the system needs to be easy to use, both in the interface and deployment. Symmetry in motion is an key-element to effective use of energy. Measuring the symmetry in gait should then help to improve motion. This could be used as a tool for more efficient training or to faster recover from an injury. For a stroke-patient this could perhaps decrease the time of rehabilitation and remind the patient to move one leg. To create this, a reliable communication between a data sink and sensor nodes has been developed. The sensor nodes is gathering nine dimensions IMU data, accelerometer, gyroscopes and magnetometer, each in three dimensions. The data is saved to a database where it can be extracted for further analyses. Testing of the script language for Bluetooth devices, BGScript for time synchronisation has been done to see if it is able to use for frequencies high enough for a system to measure movement.
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Scharff, Willners Jonatan. "Body Area Network with Gait Symmetry Analyses." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Inbyggda system, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-28306.

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Smart portable devices is increasing in popularity in many fields. In motion tracking many devices have been created in the last years as a help in motivation and observation for training. Most of them is for tracking distance moved, heart-rate and some more basic functions. For deeper analyses in motion tracking a more advanced system is needed. The system needs to be small and light to not influence the movement of the subject in a negative way. It should preferably be cheap. Two other factors is that the system needs to be easy to use, both in the interface and deployment. Symmetry in motion is an key-element to effective use of energy. Measuring the symmetry in gait should then help to improve motion. This could be used as a tool for more efficient training or to faster recover from an injury. For a stroke-patient this could perhaps decrease the time of rehabilitation and remind the patient to move one leg. To create this, a reliable communication between a data sink and sensor nodes has been developed. The sensor nodes is gathering nine dimensions IMU data, accelerometer, gyroscopes and magnetometer, each in three dimensions. The data is saved to a database where it can be extracted for further analyses. Testing of the script language for Bluetooth devices, BGScript for time synchronisation has been done to see if it is able to use for frequencies high enough for a system to measure movement.
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Opila, K. A. "Impulse characteristics and upper limb loadings of aided gait." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372120.

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Cloete, Teunis. "Benchmarking full-body inertial motion capture for clinical gait analysis." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2922.

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MScEng
Thesis (MScEng (Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
Clinical gait analysis has been proven to greatly improve treatment planning and monitoring of patients suffering from neuromuscular disorders. Despite this fact, it was found that gait analysis is still largely underutilised in general patient-care due to limitations of gait measurement equipment. Inertial motion capture (IMC) is able to overcome many of these limitations, but this technology is relatively untested and is therefore viewed as adolescent. This study addresses this problem by evaluating the validity and repeatability of gait parameters measured with a commercially available, full-body IMC system by comparing the results to those obtained with alternative methods of motion capture. The IMC system’s results were compared to a trusted optical motion capture (OMC) system’s results to evaluate validity. The results show that the measurements for the hip and knee obtained with IMC compares well with those obtained using OMC – with coefficient-of-correlation (R) values as high as 0.99. Some discrepancies were identified in the ankle-joint validity results. These were attributed to differences between the two systems with regard to the definition of ankle joint and to non-ideal IMC system foot-sensor design. The repeatability, using the IMC system, was quantified using the coefficient of variance (CV), the coefficient of multiple determination (CMD) and the coefficient of multiple correlation (CMC). Results show that IMC-recorded gait patterns have high repeatability for within-day tests (CMD: 0.786-0.984; CMC: 0.881-0.992) and between-day tests (CMD: 0.771-0.991; CMC: 0.872-0.995). These results compare well with those from similar studies done using OMC and electromagnetic motion capture (EMC), especially when comparing between-day results. Finally, to evaluate the measurements from the IMC system in a clinically useful application, a neural network was employed to distinguish between gait strides of stroke patients and those of able-bodied controls. The network proved to be very successful with a repeatable accuracy of 99.4% (1/166 misclassified). The study concluded that the full-body IMC system produces sufficiently valid and repeatable gait data to be used in clinical gait analysis, but that further refinement of the ankle-joint definition and improvements to the foot sensor are required.
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Rietdyk, Shirley. "Postural responses to unexpected multidirectional upper body perturbations." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0004/NQ44780.pdf.

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Delbridge, Andrew. "The physiological effects of fatiguing upper body exercise." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240428.

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Dube, Chioniso. "Imitating human motion using humanoid upper body models." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11927.

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This thesis investigates human motion imitation of five different humanoid upper bodies (comprised of the torso and upper limbs) using human dance motion as a case study. The humanoid models are based on five existing humanoids, namely, ARMAR, HRP-2, SURALP, WABIAN-2, and WE-4RII. These humanoids are chosen for their different structures and range of joint motion.
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Books on the topic "Gait and upper body"

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The human gait. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1987.

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Wuebben, Joe. Stronger arms & upper body. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2009.

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Katoulis, Evangelos C. The effect of peripheral neuropathy on body sway and gait in diabetic patients. Manchester: University of Manchester, 1996.

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Neele, Filippus Paulus. Upper mantle structure from body-wave coda and amplitudes. [Utrecht: Faculteit Aardwetenschappen der Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht, 1993.

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Mattsson, Eva. Energy cost of level walking. Stockholm: From the Depts. of Orthopaedics, Baromedicine and Physical Therapy, Karolinska Institute, 1989.

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Loftin, Karin C. Metabolic rate measurements comparing supine with upright upper-body exercises. Washington, D. C: NASA, 1993.

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Schafer, R. C. Clinical chiropractic: The management of pain and disability : upper body complaints. Huntington, CA: Associated Chiropractic Academic Press, 1991.

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Skopowski, Paul F. Immersive articulation of the human upper body in a virtual environment. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1996.

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Improving upper body control: An approach to assessment and treatment of tonal dysfunction. Tucson, Ariz: Therapy Skill Builders, 1988.

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1947-, House Tom, ed. Stronger arms and upper body: [143 exercises and drills for power and performance]. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Gait and upper body"

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Winter, David A., Gordon K. Ruder, and Colum D. MacKinnon. "Control of Balance of Upper Body During Gait." In Multiple Muscle Systems, 534–41. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9030-5_33.

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Scaglioni-Solano, Pietro, and Juan C. Moreno. "Effect of Gait Speed on Dynamic Postural Stability, Harmony and Upper Body Attenuation." In Converging Clinical and Engineering Research on Neurorehabilitation, 753–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34546-3_122.

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Sell, Aaron. "Upper Body Strength." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_87-1.

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Brower, Jonathan P., and J. Peter Rubin. "Upper Body Lift." In Atlas of Whole Body Contouring, 287–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94755-2_21.

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Sell, Aaron. "Upper Body Strength." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 8311–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_87.

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Finckenstein, Joachim. "Upper Body Lifts." In Manual of Cosmetic Surgery and Medicine, 425–31. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4997-5_28.

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Genere, Juan Reyes, and Uzma D. Siddiqui. "Foreign Body Removal." In Upper Endoscopy for GI Fellows, 31–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49041-0_4.

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LaBat, Karen L., and Karen S. Ryan. "Designing for Upper Torso and Arm Anatomy." In Human Body, 139–220. Boca : Taylor &Francis, 2019. | “A CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa plc.”: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429055690-4.

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Johnson, David. "Upper Body Strength from Photo." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 1–2. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_942-1.

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Muilenburg, Alvin L., and Maurice A. LeBlanc. "Body-Powered Upper-Limb Components." In Comprehensive Management of the Upper-Limb Amputee, 28–38. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3530-9_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Gait and upper body"

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Tran, Ha, Pubudu N. Pathirana, and Aruna Seneviratne. "Human Gender Recognition with Upper Body Gait Kinematics." In the International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3175587.3175596.

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Kim, Duk-Jin, Gaurav Pradhan, and B. Prabhakaran. "Analyzing Coordination of Upper and Lower Extremities in Human Gait." In 4th International ICST Conference on Body Area Networks. ICST, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/icst.bodynets2009.5986.

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Lamar-Leon, Javier, Raul Alonso-Baryolo, Edel Garcia-Reyes, and Rocio Gonzalez-Diaz. "Persistent homology-based gait recognition robust to upper body variations." In 2016 23rd International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2016.7899780.

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Kwon, Hyun-Jung, Hyun-Joon Chung, and Yujiang Xiang. "Multi-Objective Optimization of Human Gait With a Discomfort Function." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-59108.

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The objective of this study was to develop a discomfort function for including a high DOF upper body model during walking. A multi-objective optimization (MOO) method was formulated by minimizing dynamic effort and the discomfort function simultaneously. The discomfort function is defined as the sum of the squares of deviation of joint angles from their neutral angle positions. The dynamic effort is the sum of the joint torque squared. To investigate the efficacy of the proposed MOO method, backward walking simulation was conducted. By minimizing both dynamic effort and the discomfort function, a 3D whole body model with a high DOF upper body for walking was demonstrated successfully.
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Varma, D. S. Mohan, and S. Sujatha. "Minimal Kinematic Model for Inverse Dynamic Analysis of Gait." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-39942.

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The objective of this work is to develop an inverse dynamics model that uses minimal kinematic inputs to estimate the ground reaction force (GRF). The human body is modeled with 14 rigid segments and a circular ankle-foot-roll-over shape (AFROS) for the foot-ground interaction. The input kinematic data and body segment parameter estimates are obtained from literature. Optimization is used to ensure that the kinematic data satisfy the constraint that the swing leg clears the ground in the single support (SS) phase. For the SS phase, using the segment angles as the generalized degrees of freedom (DOF), the kinematic component of the GRF is expressed analytically as the summation of weighted kinematics of individual segments. The weighting functions are constants that are functions of the segment masses and center of mass distances. Using this form of the equation for GRF, it is seen that the kinematics of the upper body segments do not contribute to the vertical component GRFy in SS phase enabling the reduction of a 16-DOF 14-segment model to a 10-DOF 7-segment model. It is seen that the model can be further reduced to a 3-DOF model for GRFy estimation in the SS phase of gait. The horizontal component GRFx is computed assuming that the net GRF vector passes through the center of mass (CoM). The GRF in double support phase is assumed to change linearly from one foot to the other. The sagittal plane internal joint forces and moments acting at the ankle, knee and hip are computed using the 3-DOF model and the 10-DOF model and compared with the results from literature. An AFROS and measurements of the stance shank and thigh rotations in the sagittal plane, and of the lower trunk (or pelvis) in the frontal plane provide sufficient kinematics in an inverse dynamics model to estimate the GRF and joint reaction forces and moments. Such a model has the potential to simplify gait analysis.
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Behbahani, Ali, Amir Nourani, and Farzam Farahmand. "Analysis of the variability of gait cycle parameters based on upper body acceleration data obtained from Inertial sensors to predict the risk of falling." In 2021 28th National and 6th International Iranian Conference on Biomedical Engineering (ICBME). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbme54433.2021.9750318.

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Ebrahimi, Nafiseh, Gautham Muthukumaran, and Amir Jafari. "Reduction in The Metabolic Cost of Human Walking Gaits Using Quasi-Passive Upper Body Exoskeleton." In 2019 International Symposium on Medical Robotics (ISMR). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ismr.2019.8710200.

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Font, Josep Maria, and Jo´zsef Ko¨vecses. "Effects of Mass Distribution and Configuration on the Energetic Losses at Impacts of Bipedal Walking Systems." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-66684.

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Understanding the dynamics of human walking is a complex task due to the interaction of the musculoskeletal and the central nervous systems. Nevertheless, the use of simple models can provide useful insight into the mechanical aspects of bipedal locomotion. Such models exploit the observations that human walking significantly relies on passive dynamics and inverted pendulum-like behaviour. The mechanical analysis of walking involves the study of the finite motion single support phase and the impulsive motion of the impacts that occur at heel strike. Such impacts are dominant events because they represent a sudden topology transition and moreover, they are the main cause of energy consumption during the gait cycle. The aim of this work is to gain insight into the dynamics and energetics of heel strike. We use a concept that decouples the dynamics of the biped to the spaces of admissible and constrained motions at the topology transition. This approach is then applied to a straight-legged biped with upper body. Detailed analysis and discussions are presented to quantify the effects of the mass distribution and the impact configuration on the energetics of walking.
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Yang, Bingen, and Hang Shi. "A Root Locus Method for Stability Analysis of Heat Conduction in Multilayer Composite Solids." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-67881.

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Excessive heat generation within a body can cause unbounded temperature or thermal instability. In this work, a stability criterion is established for one-dimensional composite solids with internal heat generation at a rate proportional to their temperature. In the development, a spatial state formulation is used to derive a characteristic equation for system eigenvalues. A root locus analysis of the characteristic equation yields a stability criterion, by which an upper bound of heat source for thermal stability is obtained, and the gain of heat source is related to the number of unstable (positive) eigenvalues. The proposed stability test requires minimum numerical effort, does not require the information about system eigenvalues, and is applicable to various spatial distributions of heat source.
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Lombardi, Stephen, Ko Nishino, Yasushi Makihara, and Yasushi Yagi. "Two-Point Gait: Decoupling Gait from Body Shape." In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2013.133.

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Reports on the topic "Gait and upper body"

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Plunkett Castilla, Brittany. Upper Body Posture and Pain in Division I Female Volleyball and Softball Athletes. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2533.

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Kraemer, William J. Strategies for Optimizing Strength, Power, and Muscle Hypertrophy in Women: Contribution of Upper Body Resistance Training. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada371349.

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Weisman, Idelle M. Impact of Smoking on Aerobic and Anaerobic Performance During Upper and Lower Body Exercise in Female Soldiers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada332993.

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Yang, Xinwei, Huan Tu, and Xiali Xue. The improvement of the Lower Limb exoskeletons on the gait of patients with spinal cord injury: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.8.0095.

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Review question / Objective: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy of lower extremity exoskeletons in improving gait function in patients with spinal cord injury, compared with placebo or other treatments. Condition being studied: Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is a severely disabling disease. In the process of SCI rehabilitation treatment, improving patients' walking ability, improving their self-care ability, and enhancing patients' self-esteem is an important aspect of their return to society, which can also reduce the cost of patients, so the rehabilitation of lower limbs is very important. The lower extremity exoskeleton robot is a bionic robot designed according to the principles of robotics, mechanism, bionics, control theory, communication technology, and information processing technology, which can be worn on the lower extremity of the human body and complete specific tasks under the user's control. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the lower extremity exoskeleton on the improvement of gait function in patients with spinal cord injury.
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Lucas, Jacqueline, Eric Connor, and Jonaki Bose. Back, Lower Limb, and Upper Limb Pain Among U.S. Adults, 2019. National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:107894.

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This report provides national estimates of any pain regardless of body region as well as estimates of back, upper limb (hips, knees, or feet) pain in the past 3 months among U.S. adults aged 18 and over by selected sociodemographic characteristics.
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Toksoez, M. N., and Youshun Sun. P and S Wave Velocity Structure of the Crust and Upper Mantle Under China and Surrounding Areas From Body and Surface Wave Tomography. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada486734.

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Gutierrez-Arias, Ruvistay, Camila González-Mondaca, Vinka Marinkovic-Riffo, Marietta Ortiz-Puebla, Fernanda Paillán-Reyes, and Pamela Seron. Considerations for ensuring safety during telerehabilitation of people with stroke. A protocol for a scoping review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.9.0104.

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Review question / Objective: To summarise measures or aspects targeted at reducing the incidence of adverse events during the delivery of exercise interventions through telerehabilitation in patients after stroke. Background: The sequelae in people with stroke are diverse. Regarding physical function post-stroke, functional impairment of the upper and lower extremities is common, which may be due to weakness or paralysis, sensory loss, spasticity, and abnormal motor synergies. In addition, a near 15% prevalence of sarcopenia has been found in people with stroke. Gait impairment has been observed in a high percentage of people with stroke, a dysfunction that may persist despite rehabilitation. More than 50% of people with stroke may experience limitations in activities such as shopping, housework, and difficulty reintegrating into community life within 6 months. These restrictions can result in a diminished health-related quality of life.
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Shujaa, Asaad Suliman, and Qasem Almulihi. Is Hypertonic Saline an Effective Alternative to Mannitol in the Treatment of TBI in Adult and Pediatric Patients? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0010.

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Review question / Objective: Evaluate and compare the effectiveness of hypertonic saline and mannitol in patients with traumatic brain injury. Rationale: Traumatic brain injury is one of the main reasons for death and disability worldwide. Generally, the frequency of traumatic brain injury in Europe is >2,000 per million yearly; guidelines suggest more conservative interventions, e.g., raising of the upper body, cerebrospinal fluid drainage, and the use of hypertonic saline or mannitol before executing decompressive craniectomy. It is still uncertain whether hypertonic saline is better than mannitol in managing pediatric and adult patients with traumatic brain injury. The present systemic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of hypertonic saline compared to mannitol for managing TBI in traumatic brain injury. Eligibility criteria: Studies were included based on the described eligibility criteria using PICOS: P (Population); I (Intervention); C (Control); O (Outcome); S (Studies); only clinical trials and cohort studies published in English were selected.
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Yentis, S. M., K. Asanati, C. R. Bailey, R. Hampton, I. Hobson, K. Hodgson, S. Leiffer, S. Pattani, and K. Walker-Bone. Better musculoskeletal health for anaesthetists. Association of Anaesthetists, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21466/g.bmhfa.2021.

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3Association of Anaesthetists | Better musculoskeletal health for anaesthetistsSummaryWork-related musculoskeletal disorders are very common amongst healthcare workers, and there is evidence that anaesthetists are at greater risk of upper limb disorders than other groups. This guidance aims to bring together advice and recommendations from a variety of sources in order to inform and support anaesthetists at work, in an attempt to reduce the prevalence and severity of work-related musculoskeletal disorders and the exacerbation of pre-existing disorders. Mechanical and psychosocial risk factors for work-associated musculoskeletal disorders are summarised, along with general principles for achieving better musculoskeletal health and practices specific to areas of the body most at risk. These include recommended exercises and stretches during sedentary work.RecommendationsAttention must be paid by both employers and anaesthetists to the physical and psychological risk factors that may lead to development and/or exacerbation of musculoskeletal disorders. This requires ongoing risk assessments and adherence to published standards of health and safety at work, including training. Such a programme is best achieved as part of a multidisciplinary approach.What other guidelines are available on this topic? There are many sources of guidance on health and safety in the workplace, across many sectors, much of which is of relevance to anaesthetists. There is no readily accessible guidance specifically aimed at the anaesthetic workplace.Why was this guideline developed?This guidance was developed as part of a wider piece of work by the Association of Anaesthetists based around ergonomics of the anaesthetic workplace, as a result of the increased reported incidence of musculoskeletal disorders amongst anaesthetists. It aims to draw on existing guidance and present a summary of advice relevant to anaesthetists and their practice.How and why does this publication differ from existing guidelines?This guidance summarises other advice and recommendations, and focuses on factors relevant to the anaesthetic workplace
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Boily-Auclair, É., P. Mercier-Langevin, P. S. Ross, and D. Pitre. Alteration and ore assemblages of the LaRonde Zone 5 (LZ5) deposit and Ellison mineralized zones, Doyon-Bousquet-LaRonde mining camp, Abitibi, Quebec. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329637.

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The LaRonde Zone 5 (LZ5) mine is part of the Doyon-Bousquet-LaRonde mining camp and is located in the southern part of the Abitibi greenstone belt in northwestern Quebec. The LZ5 deposit consists of three stacked mineralized corridors: Zone 4, Zone 4.1, and Zone 5. Zones 4 and 4.1 are discontinuous satellite mineralized corridors, whereas Zone 5 represents the main mineralized body. The mineralized zones of the LZ5 deposit and adjacent Ellison property (Ellison A and B zones) are hosted in the strongly-deformed, 2699-2695 Ma transitional to calcalkaline, intermediate to felsic, volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks of the Bousquet Formation upper member, which is part of the Blake River Group (2704-2695 Ma). Zones 4, 4.1, and 5 at the LZ5 mine are hosted in intermediate volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks of the Westwood andesitic to rhyodacitic unit (unit 5.1a), which forms the base of the upper member of the Bousquet Formation. The Ellison Zone A is hosted higher up in the stratigraphic sequence within a newly described intermediate volcanic unit. The Ellison Zone B is hosted in felsic volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks of the Westwood feldsparphyric rhyolite dome (subunit 5.3a-(b)). Mineralization in all three zones of the LZ5 deposit consists of discordant networks of millimeter- to centimeter-thick pyrite ±chalcopyrite ±sphalerite ±pyrrhotite veins and veinlets (10-20 % of the volume of the rock) and, to a lesser extent, very finely disseminated pyrite and boudinaged veins (less than or equal to 5 vol. % each) in strongly altered host rocks. Gold commonly occurs as microscopic inclusions in granoblastic pyrite and at the triple junction between recrystallized grains. The veins, stockworks, and disseminations were intensely folded and transposed in the steeply south-dipping, east-west trending S2 foliation. The vein network is at least partly discordant to the stratigraphy. A distal alteration halo envelops the LZ5 mineralized corridors and consists of a sericite-carbonate-chlorite- feldspar ±biotite assemblage. A proximal sericite-carbonate-chlorite-pyrite-quartz- feldspar-biotite ±epidote alteration assemblage is present within the LZ5 mineralized zones. A local proximal alteration assemblage of sericite-quartz-pyrite is also locally developed within Zone 4 and Zone 5 of the LZ5 deposit. Mass gains in Fe2O3 (t) and K2O, and mass losses in CaO, MgO, Na2O, and locally SiO2, are characteristic of the LZ5 alteration zones. The Ellison zone A and B are similar to LZ5 in terms of style of mineralization, but thin (10-20 cm) veins or bands of semi-massive to massive, finely recrystallized disseminated pyrite (0.1-1 mm) are distinctive. Chalcopyrite and sphalerite are also slightly more abundant in the mineralized corridors of the Ellison property and are usually associated with elevated gold grades. The zones are also slightly richer than at LZ5 in terms of gold and silver content, but narrower and less continuous in general. The Ellison Zone A is characterized by gains in Fe2O3 (t) and K2O and losses in CaO, MgO, Na2O, and SiO2. Gains in Fe2O3 (t) and local gains in K2O, MgO, and MnO, and losses in CO2, Na2O, P2O5, and SiO2, characterize the felsic host rocks of the Zone B corridor. The style of mineralization at LZ5 (pyrite ±chalcopyrite veins and veinlets, ±disseminated pyrite with low base metal content), its setting (i.e. in rocks of intermediate composition at the base of the upper member of the Bousquet Formation), and the geometry of its ore zones (stacked lenses of sulfide veins and veinlets, without massive sulfide lenses) differ from the other major deposits of the Doyon-Bousquet-LaRonde mining camp. Despite these differences, this study indicates that the LZ5 and Ellison mineralized corridors are of synvolcanic hydrothermal origin and have most likely been formed by convective circulation of seawater below the seafloor. An influx of magmatic fluids from the Mooshla synvolcanic intrusive complex or its parent magma chamber could explain the Au enrichment at LZ5, as has been suggested for other deposits of the camp. Evidence for a pre-deformation synvolcanic mineralization at LZ5 includes ductile deformation and recrystallization of the sulfides, the stacked nature of its ore zones, subconcordant alteration halos that envelop the mineralized corridors, evidence that the mineralized system was already active when the LZ5 lenses were deposited and control on mineralization by primary volcanic features such as the permeability and porosity of the volcanic rocks.
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