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Published: 25 May 2024

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The molecular biology of Gaia. New York: Columbia University Press, 1996.

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MacLennan, Bruce J. Theoretical and technological advancements in nanotechnology and molecular computation: Interdisciplinary gains. Edited by IGI Global. Hershey, Pa: IGI Global (701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Hershey, Pennsylvania, 17033, USA), 2011.

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Takao, Kumazawa, Kruger Lawrence, and Mizumura Kazue, eds. The polymodal receptor: A gateway to pathological pain. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1996.

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Williams, George Ronald. Molecular Biology of Gaia. Columbia University Press, 1996.

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Kumar Sharma, Mukesh, and Pallavi Kaushik, eds. Therapeutic Implications of Natural Bioactive Compounds. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/97898150800251220301.

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This volume is a comprehensive compilation of contributions on the state of art knowledge about bioactive compounds including their sources, isolation methods, biological effects, health benefits and potential applications. These bioactive compounds could serve as alternatives in the prevention or treatment of multifactorial diseases for vulnerable population groups. Chapters in the book incorporate the knowledge based on traditional medicine with recent findings on bioactive molecules and their pharmaceutical implications in neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, COVID 19, diabetes, immunomodulation and farm animal diseases. The book also highlights the latest breakthroughs in the field of screening, characterization, and novel applications of natural bioactive compounds from diverse group of organisms ranging from bacteria, algae, fungi, higher plants, and marine sources. Authors from renowned institutions of India, Japan and China have shared their expertise in the contributed chapters with the goal of enhancing readers knowledge about the significance of use of bioactives in therapeutics and nutraceuticals. It is an informative reference for researchers, professors, graduate students, science enthusiasts, and all those who wish to gain insights into various aspects of bioactive compounds and development of new pharmacological active constituents and nutritional science.

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Wackerhage, Henning, Jonathon Smith, and Darren Wisniewski. Molecular exercise physiology. Edited by Neil Armstrong and Willem van Mechelen. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198757672.003.0031.

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Molecular exercise physiology is the study of exercise physiology using molecular biology methods. The development of differentiated cell types is regulated by transcription factors like the muscle-making MyoD that specifies cell type, while others regulate the development of muscle, tendons, and bones. Maternal nutrition and exercise commonly affect embryonic development through epigenetic mechanisms. Adaptation to exercise involves sensor proteins detecting exercise-related signals, the processing of signals by signalling proteins and networks, and the regulation of the actual adaptations by effector proteins. Many sport- and exercise-related traits depend on both common and rare DNA sequence variations, including the muscle mass-increasing myostatin (GDF8) loss-of-function and the haematocrit-increasing EPOR gain-of-function mutations. Additionally, common DNA sequence variations contribute to the inherited variability of development, body height, strength, and endurance. Finally, in addition to ethical concerns, current genetic performance tests only explain a fraction of the variation of sport and exercise-related traits.

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Morawetz, Klaus. Nonequilibrium Quantum Hydrodynamics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797241.003.0015.

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The balance equations resulting from the nonlocal kinetic equation are derived. They show besides the Landau-like quasiparticle contributions explicit two-particle correlated parts which can be interpreted as molecular contributions. It looks like as if two particles form a short-living molecule. All observables like density, momentum and energy are found as a conserving system of balance equations where the correlated parts are in agreement with the forms obtained when calculating the reduced density matrix with the extended quasiparticle functional. Therefore the nonlocal kinetic equation for the quasiparticle distribution forms a consistent theory. The entropy is shown to consist also of a quasiparticle part and a correlated part. The explicit entropy gain is proved to complete the H-theorem even for nonlocal collision events. The limit of Landau theory is explored when neglecting the delay time. The rearrangement energy is found to mediate between the spectral quasiparticle energy and the Landau variational quasiparticle energy.

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White, P. Lewis, and Rosemary A. Barnes. Molecular diagnosis of fungal disease. Edited by Christopher C. Kibbler, Richard Barton, Neil A. R. Gow, Susan Howell, Donna M. MacCallum, and Rohini J. Manuel. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198755388.003.0043.

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Molecular techniques to aid in the diagnosis of fungal disease have been in use for over two decades. However, for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to gain widespread acceptance outside of specialist centres, methodology must be standardized and in line with general microbiological molecular diagnostics assays, yet for infections other than fungal disease. Apart from Aspergillus PCR, standardized methodology is lacking. It is also essential to identify the optimal role for an assay. Whether this is to confirm a specific disease in symptomatic patients or to exclude disease and prevent the unnecessary use of antifungals will, in part, be determined by prevalence, but will also, along with the disease manifestation, dictate specimen choice and subsequent methodological procedure. This chapter will focus on disease processes determining optimal sample types, before concentrating on the clinical validation of molecular tests for the diagnosis of the main causes of invasive fungal disease, concluding with recent developments. The clinical utility of molecular approaches and potential future benefits that can address emerging issues, such as azole resistance, will also be discussed.

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Farghaly, Samir A., ed. Ovarian Cancer Immunotherapy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190248208.001.0001.

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Ovarian Cancer Immunotherapy provides a broad overview of several aspects of basic sciences and clinical and therapeutic aspects of immunotherapy for ovarian cancer, as well as state-of-the-art information on molecular genetics and biology. Chapters are written by a team of expert contributors from around the world and explore topics such as antibody therapeutics for ovarian carcinoma, emerging serum biomarkers, ovarian cancer immunity, adoptive cell immunotherapy, the biology of dendritic cells, the role of growth factors, and more. Readers will also gain a better understanding of the molecular and cellular events that underlie ovarian cancer immunology. This book is an ideal reference for clinicians and medical students caring for patients with ovarian cancer, including attending surgeons and physicians, and clinical fellows and residents in the disciplines of gynecologic oncology, medical oncology, and surgical oncology.

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Flynn, Brigid, Natalia S. Ivascu, Vivek K. Moitra, Brigid Flynn, and Alan Gaffney, eds. Cardiothoracic Critical Care. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190082482.001.0001.

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Practicing critical care entails understanding human physiology, pharmacokinetics, and molecular pathways in concert with adherence to evidence-based literature. Some may say combining all of these entities into practice creates the “art” of critical care medicine. One strategy to gain proficiency in the practice of critical care medicine is to simulate what you would do in specific problem-based scenarios. That is the aim of this textbook, with each chapter asking aptly “What Do You Do Now?” This text focuses on cardiothoracic critical care and covers guidelines for evidence-based practice, respiratory and metabolic physiology, common hemodynamic perturbations, ventricular failure, and mechanical circulatory support devices. All clinicians who care for cardiothoracic patients who are critically ill can find pearls of practice wisdom complemented by literature citations within this text. So go ahead, place yourself at the foot of the bed and try to think through “What Do You Do Now?” when presented with each patient within these pages of your handheld cardiothoracic intensive care unit.

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Hayazawa, Norihiko, and Prabhat Verma. Nanoanalysis of materials using near-field Raman spectroscopy. Edited by A. V. Narlikar and Y. Y. Fu. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199533053.013.10.

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This article describes the use of tip-enhanced near-field Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of materials at the nanoscale. Tip-enhanced near-field Raman spectroscopy utilizes a metal-coated sharp tip and is based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Instead of the large surface enhancement from the metallic surface in SERS, the sharp metal coated tip in the tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) provides nanoscaled surface enhancement only from the sample molecules in the close vicinity of the tip-apex, making it a perfect technique for nanoanalysis of materials. This article focuses on near-field analysis of some semiconducting nanomaterials and some carbon nanostructures. It first considers SERS analysis of strained silicon and TERS analysis of epsilon-Si and GaN thin layers before explaining how to improve TERS sensitivity and control the polarization in detection for crystalline materials. It also discusses ways of improving the spatial resolution in TERS.

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Tülümen, Erol, and Martin Borggrefe. Monogenic and oligogenic cardiovascular diseases: genetics of arrhythmias—short QT syndrome. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0150.

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Short QT syndrome (SQTS) is a very rare, sporadic or autosomal dominant inherited channelopathy characterized by abnormally short QT intervals on the electrocardiogram and increased propensity to atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmias and/or sudden cardiac death. Since its recognition as a distinct clinical entity in 2000, significant progress has been made in defining the clinical, molecular, and genetic basis of SQTS. To date, several causative gain-of-function mutations in potassium channel genes and loss-of-function mutations in calcium channel genes have been identified. The physiological consequence of these mutations is an accelerated repolarization, thus abbreviated action potentials and shortened QT interval with an increased inhomogeneity and dispersion of repolarization. Regarding other rare monogenetic arrhythmias, a genetic basis of atrial fibrillation was considered very unlikely until very recently. However, in the last decade the heritability of atrial fibrillation in the general population has been well described in several epidemiological studies. So far, more than 30 genes have been implicated in atrial fibrillation through candidate gene approach studies, and 14 loci were found to be associated with atrial fibrillation through genome-wide association studies. This genetic heterogeneity and the low prevalence of mutations in any single gene restrict the clinical utility of genetic screening in atrial fibrillation.

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Pearce, Tim C. Chemosensation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199674923.003.0017.

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Olfaction in animals still surpasses any technological solution to chemical sensing yet conceived. While certain classes of molecular detection technologies may be capable of high sensitivity to a restricted number of compounds, unique to the biological system is its astonishing dynamic range (over 10 orders of magnitude), combining both extreme levels of sensitivity to certain key compounds of behavioural importance and varying levels of discrimination between an almost infinite variety of ligands, presented both individually and in complex combinations. For over 30 years the olfactory system of insects and mammals has provided biological sensing factors, rich inspiration, and processing principles for use in developing chemical sensing technologies. Here we focus on three such technological translations: recent rapid progress in measuring directly from olfactory binding/receptor proteins and chemosensory neurons as a biohybrid solution to chemical sensing; olfactory system based processing principles and architectures that have been applied to existing chemosensor technologies to achieve real-world sensing performance gains; and full-blown neuromorphic implementations of the olfactory pathways of animals.

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McKeon, Andrew, B. Mark Keegan, and W. Oliver Tobin. Mayo Clinic Cases in Neuroimmunology. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197583425.001.0001.

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In the past 2 decades, diagnostics and therapeutics in neuroimmunology have rapidly evolved and increased in complexity. Diagnosis is assisted by various laboratory and advanced imaging techniques. Randomized clinical trials in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica, and smaller studies for rarer autoimmune diseases, have led to distinct immune molecule–targeted and mechanism-specific therapies. The fields of cerebrovascular medicine, neurooncology, and neuroinfectious diseases have not remained static either. All of these gains present a challenge, however, in that early and accurate neurologic diagnosis is more important than ever. In our experience, some diagnostic pitfalls lie in the interpretation of test results and images without reference to the nuances of the clinical history and examination. Although some things change (eg, technology), other things never change (eg, clinical common sense). The 83 case-based chapters focus on key components of the history, examination and test findings, and differential diagnosis, although we also reference treatment approaches extensively throughout. To bring some form to this extensive repertoire of cases, the book is divided into 3 sections covering central nervous system demyelinating disease, autoimmune neurologic disorders, and others. Illustrations include imaging and, where relevant, pathologic images and video material. Board review–style questions are also provided.

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(Editor), T. Kumazawa, L. Kruger (Editor), and K. Mizumura (Editor), eds. The Polymodal Receptor - A Gateway to Pathological Pain (Progress in Brain Research). Elsevier Science, 1996.

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