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Journal articles on the topic 'GAFT'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

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1

Abbring, Jaap H., and Geert Ridder. "REGULAR VARIATION AND THE IDENTIFICATION OF GENERALIZED ACCELERATED FAILURE-TIME MODELS." Econometric Theory 31, no. 6 (September 16, 2014): 1229–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266466614000474.

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Ridder (1990, Review of Economic Studies 57, 167–182) provides an identification result for the Generalized Accelerated Failure-Time (GAFT) model. We point out that Ridder’s proof of this result is incomplete, and provide an amended proof with an additional necessary and sufficient condition that requires that a function varies regularly at 0 and ∞. We also give more readily interpretable sufficient conditions on the tails of the error distribution or the asymptotic behavior of the transformation of the dependent variable. The sufficient conditions are shown to encompass all previous results on the identification of the Mixed Proportional Hazards (MPH) model. Thus, this paper not only clarifies, but also unifies the literature on the nonparametric identification of the GAFT and MPH models.

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2

Han, Duck J., Song C. Kim, Yu M. Wee, Ah Y. Lee, and Kwang Nho. "PROLONGATION OF ISLET GAFT SURVIVAL BY ACTIVATED POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL AT THE CELL SURFACE." Transplantation 76, Supplement (August 2003): S67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007890-200308271-00149.

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3

Myers, Jonny E., Janine Aron, and Ian A. Macun. "Asbestos and Asbestos-Related Disease: The South African Case." International Journal of Health Services 17, no. 4 (October 1987): 651–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/gaft-l33e-m250-anqf.

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The asbestos industry in South Africa has suffered a decline in production, employment, and sales over the last few years. This mirrors the state of the industry internationally. In South Africa this has more to do with the economic recession than with legislative restrictions on asbestos use. New information has become available on the extent of asbestos-related diseases in South Africa. In this article, we outline developments in labor organization in the asbestos industry, and discuss the marked lack of control of asbestos, the inadequate state compensation system, and the difficulties facing labor. After describing recent improvements won by trade unions, mainly in the transnational corporation sector, we discuss the implications for industry, labor, and control of the asbestos hazard.

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4

Kerimova, Sabina. "Communication strategies and tactics of epigrams of pejorative direction in the works of V. Gaft." Current Issues in Philology and Pedagogical Linguistics 36, no. 4 (December 25, 2019): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.29025/2079-6021-2019-4-27-33.

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5

OGATA, Tomonari, Seiji KURIHARA, and Takamasa NONAKA. "Preparation and Properties of Poly(vinyl alcohol)-gaft-N-isopropylacrylamide and Other Monomers Terpolymer Membranes." NIPPON KAGAKU KAISHI, no. 11 (1995): 909–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/nikkashi.1995.909.

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6

Glass, B., L. Uharek, W. Gassmann, B. Focks, H. Bolouri, H. Loeffler, and W. Mueller-Ruchholtz. "Gaft-versus-leukemia activity after bone marrow transplantation does not require graft-versus-host disease." Annals of Hematology 64, no. 6 (June 1992): 255–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01695466.

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7

Chen, Shu, Zhiwei Hu, Kailun Zhang, Wei Su, and Zongquan Sun. "Effect of Troglitazone on expression of adhesion molecules and eNOS in human saphenous vein gaft." Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology [Medical Sciences] 27, no. 6 (December 2007): 657–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11596-007-0609-9.

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8

Abensur, Eder Oliveira. "Um modelo multiobjetivo de otimização aplicado ao processo de orçamento de capital." Gestão & Produção 19, no. 4 (December 2012): 747–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-530x2012000400007.

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O processo de orçamento de capital envolve a análise e seleção de projetos de longo prazo de maturação. Essas decisões de investimento são tradicionalmente feitas pela aplicação simultânea de vários métodos financeiros com uso de fluxo de caixa descontado como, por exemplo, o Valor Presente Líquido (VPL) e a Taxa Interna de Retorno (TIR). Apesar da longa e ampla disseminação dessas técnicas, são notórios os problemas de avaliação especialmente quando consideradas funções mono-objetivas e projetos mutuamente excludentes. Em se tratando de decisões financeiras, parece ilusório falar em otimização sem considerar múltiplos objetivos e atributos. O objetivo deste trabalho é propor um modelo matemático multiobjetivo prático que auxilie na seleção de projetos de investimento submetidos simultaneamente a vários indicadores de desempenho que incorpora uma nova medida de risco (GAFT). Os testes foram feitos sobre uma amostra de quarenta e cinco projetos e os resultados demonstram que o modelo proposto é uma ferramenta gerencial prática e promissora.

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9

Jørgensen, Jens-Erik, Yaroslav Filinchuk, and Vladimir Dmitriev. "Tilting of semi-rigid GaF6 octahedra in GaF3 at high pressures." Powder Diffraction 32, S1 (January 12, 2017): S69—S73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715616000701.

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The VF3-type compound GaF3 has been studied by high-pressure angle-dispersive X-ray diffraction in the pressure range from 0.0001 to 10 GPa. The compression mechanism was found to be highly anisotropic. The c-axis shows little pressure dependence (≈0.4%), but exhibits negative linear compressibility up to ≈3 GPa where it achieves its maximum length. In contrast, the length of the a-axis is reduced by ≈8.8% at the highest measured pressure and an anomalous reduction in the linear compressibility is observed at 4 GPa. The zero pressure bulk modulus B0 was determined to B0 = 28(1) GPa. The compression mechanism of GaF3 is discussed in terms of deformation of an 8/3/c2 sphere-packing model. The volume reduction of GaF3 is mainly achieved through coupled rotations of the GaF6 octahedra within the entire measured pressure range, which reduces the volume of the cubooctahedral voids. In addition, the volume of the GaF6 octahedra also decreases for p ≲ 4.0 GPa, but remains constant above this pressure. The volume reduction of the GaF6 octahedra is accompanied by an increasing octahedral strain. Isosurfaces of the procrystal electron density are used for visualization of the cubooctahedral voids at different pressures.

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10

Xu, Qian-Zhao, Pavlo Bielytskyi, James Otis, Christina Lang, Jon Hughes, Kai-Hong Zhao, Aba Losi, Wolfgang Gärtner, and Chen Song. "MAS NMR on a Red/Far-Red Photochromic Cyanobacteriochrome All2699 from Nostoc." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 15 (July 26, 2019): 3656. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20153656.

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Unlike canonical phytochromes, the GAF domain of cyanobacteriochromes (CBCRs) can bind bilins autonomously and is sufficient for functional photocycles. Despite the astonishing spectral diversity of CBCRs, the GAF1 domain of the three-GAF-domain photoreceptor all2699 from the cyanobacterium Nostoc 7120 is the only CBCR-GAF known that converts from a red-absorbing (Pr) dark state to a far-red-absorbing (Pfr) photoproduct, analogous to the more conservative phytochromes. Here we report a solid-state NMR spectroscopic study of all2699g1 in its Pr state. Conclusive NMR evidence unveils a particular stereochemical heterogeneity at the tetrahedral C31 atom, whereas the crystal structure shows exclusively the R-stereochemistry at this chiral center. Additional NMR experiments were performed on a construct comprising the GAF1 and GAF2 domains of all2699, showing a greater precision in the chromophore–protein interactions in the GAF1-2 construct. A 3D Pr structural model of the all2699g1-2 construct predicts a tongue-like region extending from the GAF2 domain (akin to canonical phytochromes) in the direction of the chromophore, shielding it from the solvent. In addition, this stabilizing element allows exclusively the R-stereochemistry for the chromophore-protein linkage. Site-directed mutagenesis performed on three conserved motifs in the hairpin-like tip confirms the interaction of the tongue region with the GAF1-bound chromophore.

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11

Chibirov, G. M., T. I. Dolganova, D. V. Dolganov, S. Ducic, and D. A. Popkov. "Changes in the kinematic parameters of gait in children with cerebral palsy after multilevel interventions with the initial patterns of true equinus gait and jump gait." Genij Ortopedii 25, no. 4 (December 2019): 501–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18019/1028-4427-2019-25-4-501-509.

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12

Hartono, C. F. G. Sunaryati. "Pembangunan HUKENAS dalam Menyongsong Pembentukan Kawasan Perdagangan Bebas ASEAN." Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan 24, no. 2 (April 29, 1994): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol24.no2.436.

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Lahimya Asean Free Trade Area (AFTA) dan di tandatanganinya General Agreement on Trade and Tariff (GAIT) di Marrakesh baru-baru ini bagi Indonesia, antara lain, menyebabkan perlunya pembangunan hukum ekonomi nasional. Demikian pula perlu di perhatikan pentingnya harmonisasi hukum nasional dengan perjanjian-perjanjian hukum intemasional dan regional dalam rangka GATT, AFTA dan MEC. Sudah tiba waktunya menyusun kerangka sistim hukum nasional serta peraturan-peraturan yang langsung mengatur kegiatan bisnis dan ekonomi.

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13

Finch, Adrian. "GAFT M., REISFELD, R. & PANCZER G. 2005. Luminescence Spectroscopy of Minerals and Materials. xviii + 356 pp. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer-Verlag. Price Euros 99.95 (+ VAT at local rate), SFr 169, £77, US $129 (hard covers). ISBN 3 540 21918 8." Geological Magazine 143, no. 6 (November 2006): 937. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756806272972.

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14

Matthiesen, Karina, and Jacob Nielsen. "Binding of cyclic nucleotides to phosphodiesterase 10A and 11A GAF domains does not stimulate catalytic activity." Biochemical Journal 423, no. 3 (October 12, 2009): 401–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20090982.

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To date eleven human PDE (3′,5′-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase) families have been identified. Of these, five families contain non-catalytic tandem GAF (cGMP-specific and -stimulated phosphodiesterases, Anabaenaadenylate cyclases and Escherichia coliFhlA) domains, GAFa and GAFb, in the N-terminal part of the enzyme. For PDE2A, PDE5A and PDE6 the GAF domains have been shown to bind cGMP with high affinity. For PDE2A and PDE5A this ligand binding has been shown to stimulate the catalytic activity of the enzyme. PDE10A and PDE11A are the two most recently described PDEs and it has been suggested that their GAF domains bind to cAMP and cGMP respectively. We have developed a scintillation proximity-based assay to directly measure cyclic nucleotide binding to the PDE2A, PDE10A and PDE11A GAF domains, and in the present study we demonstrate binding of cyclic nucleotides to the PDE10A and PDE11A GAF domains. We show that these non-catalytic sites bind cAMP and cGMP respectively with much higher affinity than has previously been suggested using indirect assessment of the interaction. The GAFb domain of PDE10A binds cAMP with a Kd of 48 nM and the GAFa domain of PDE11A binds cGMP with a Kd of 110 nM. The effect of cyclic nucleotides binding to the GAF domains on the enzyme activity was investigated through the use of modified cyclic nucleotides. In contrast with other GAF domain-containing PDEs, and with what has previously been predicted, ligand binding to the GAF domains of PDE10A and PDE11A does not stimulate catalytic activity.

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15

Ameer, Mariam A., and Mohamed E. Khallaf. "EFFECT OF TREADMILL GAIT TRAINING ON DIPLEGIC CHILDREN SWING PHASE GAIT PARAMETERS." International Journal of Physiotherapy and Research 5, no. 1 (February 11, 2017): 1829–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijpr.2016.200.

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16

Kim, Youngho, and Jinbok Yi. "Gait Analysis in Normal and Hemiplegic Patients Using Accelerometers(Gait & Motion Analysis)." Proceedings of the Asian Pacific Conference on Biomechanics : emerging science and technology in biomechanics 2004.1 (2004): 113–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeapbio.2004.1.113.

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17

Law, YC, AFT Mak, WN Wong, and M. Zhang. "THE VARIATION OF DYNAMIC FOOT PRESSURE WITH GAIT PARAMETER.(Gait & Motion Analysis)." Proceedings of the Asian Pacific Conference on Biomechanics : emerging science and technology in biomechanics 2004.1 (2004): 115–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeapbio.2004.1.115.

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18

Fedotov, V. V. "Gait – Pathology or Physiology." Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu 3, no. 4 (May 18, 2018): 124–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.26693/jmbs03.04.124.

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19

CHO, Soo-jung. "The Scope of Application of GATT Exception Clauses." Seoul International Law Jornal 23, no. 1 (June 30, 2016): 197–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.18703/silj.2016.06.23.1.197.

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20

Koo, Dohoon, Won-Kyung Song, Sungpil Kim, Hyeongsic Kim, and Seondeok Eun. "PS5-17 COMPARISON OF GAIT PATTERN WITH THE 4 LINKED GAIT TRAINER (GTR) AND TREADMILL GAIT(PS5: Poster Short Presentation V,Poster Session)." Proceedings of the Asian Pacific Conference on Biomechanics : emerging science and technology in biomechanics 2015.8 (2015): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeapbio.2015.8.314.

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21

Park, Sunwoo, Soonjae Ahn, Isu Shin, and Youngho Kim. "PS5-18 Influence of cadence on basic gait parameters in gait initiation, constant-speed walking and gait termination(PS5: Poster Short Presentation V,Poster Session)." Proceedings of the Asian Pacific Conference on Biomechanics : emerging science and technology in biomechanics 2015.8 (2015): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeapbio.2015.8.315.

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22

DesJardins, Ashley M., Martha Schiller, Enas Eraqi, Amanda Nicole Samuels, and Sujay S. Galen. "Validity of a Wireless Gait Analysis Tool (Wi-GAT) in assessing spatio-temporal gait parameters at slow, preferred and fast walking speeds." Technology and Health Care 24, no. 6 (November 14, 2016): 843–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/thc-161232.

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23

Jung, Nu-Ri. "A Study on the Applicability of Security Exceptions under Article XXI of the GATT to the WTO SCM Agreement." Jeonbuk Law Review 66 (September 30, 2021): 411–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.56544/jblr.2021.09.66.411.

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24

van Selms, M. K. A. "Singing is not associated with temporomandibular disorders." Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Tandheelkunde 126, no. 05 (May 3, 2019): 255–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5177/ntvt.2019.05.19005.

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25

Mane, Manashree. "Gait Pattern Significance in Forensics: A Review." International Journal of Scientific Research 3, no. 7 (June 1, 2012): 228–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/july2014/71.

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26

Choi, Dongmin, Hansang Chae, Seunghun Shin, Sangchul Han, JaChoon Koo, HyoukRyeol Choi, and Hyungpil Moon. "Finger Gait Planning with Static Supporting Region." Abstracts of the international conference on advanced mechatronics : toward evolutionary fusion of IT and mechatronics : ICAM 2010.5 (2010): 474–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicam.2010.5.474.

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27

Gao, Shuo, Jing Yun, Yumeng Zhao, and Limin Liu. "Gait‐D: Skeleton‐based gait feature decomposition for gait recognition." IET Computer Vision 16, no. 2 (November 2021): 111–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cvi2.12070.

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28

Park, Hee Seok, and Dae Jung Yang. "tDCS를 결합한 로봇 보조 보행훈련이 뇌졸중환자의 보행, 균형, 낙상효능감에 미치는 영향." Archives of Orthopedic and Sports Physical Therapy 18, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24332/aospt.2022.18.2.04.

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29

Lee, Hyuntaik. "The Problems of WTO Appellate Body’s Interpretation of the Chapeau of GATT Article XX." Korean Journal of International Economic Law 20, no. 2 (July 31, 2022): 35–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.46271/kjiel.2022.07.20.2.35.

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30

Fangzhe Chen, Fangzhe Chen, Xuwei Fan Fangzhe Chen, Jianpeng Li Xuwei Fan, Min Zou Jianpeng Li, and Lianfen Huang Min Zou. "Gait Analysis Based Parkinson’s Disease Auxiliary Diagnosis System." 網際網路技術學刊 22, no. 5 (September 2021): 989–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/160792642021092205005.

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31

Rana, Priyanka, Shabnam Joshi, and Monika Bodwal. "QUANTITATIVE GAIT ANALYSIS IN PATIENTS WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS." International Journal of Physiotherapy and Research 4, no. 5 (October 11, 2016): 1684–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijpr.2016.164.

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32

Kim, Young-Ouk, Seong-Yong Park, and Henzeh Leeghim. "Nonlinear Attitude Control for Uncertain Quad-rotors Using a Global Approximation-Free Control Scheme." Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems 22, no. 10 (October 31, 2016): 779–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5302/j.icros.2016.16.0111.

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33

Ryu, Chun-Ryol, and Yong-Geun Lee. "An Analysis of the Reliability of Group Assessment of Logical Thinking (GALT) using Generalizability Theory." Journal of the Korean earth science society 31, no. 1 (February 26, 2010): 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.5467/jkess.2010.31.1.095.

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34

Yang, Liang, Jizhong Xiao, Juntong Qi, Liying Yang, Lei Wang, and Jianda Han. "GART." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 13, no. 6 (November 28, 2016): 172988141667111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881416671111.

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The problem of three-dimensional path planning in obstacle-crowded environments is a challenge (an NP-hard problem), which becomes even more complex when considering environmental uncertainty and system control. Int this paper, we mainly focused on more challenging problem, that is, path planning in obstacle-crowded environments, and we try to find the relation between contact information and obstacle modeling. We proposed a newactive exploring sampling-based algorithm based on rapidly exploring random tree (RRT), namely, guiding attraction–based random tree (GART). GART introduces bidirectional potential field to redistribute each newly sampled state, such that the in-collision samples can be redistributed for extension. Furthermore, dynamic constraints are deployed to establish forward extending region by GART. Thus, GART can ensure kinodynamic reachability as well as smoothness. Theoretical analysis demonstrate that GART is probabilistic complete, and it obtains faster convergence rate because of its redistribution ability. In addition to theoretical analysis, this article provides comparative simulations as well as experiments under typical situations. Results demonstrate that GART has a much better time-efficiency performance than RRT*, retraction-based RRT, and other referred algorithms when applying redistribution and dynamic constraints on random exploration.

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35

Hahn, Marilyn R. "Gait." Neurology Report 16, no. 1 (1992): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01253086-199216010-00011.

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36

Dubin, Andrew. "Gait." Medical Clinics of North America 98, no. 2 (March 2014): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mcna.2013.10.002.

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37

Sutherland, David H. "Dimensionless gait measurements and gait maturity." Gait & Posture 4, no. 3 (May 1996): 209–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0966-6362(95)01056-4.

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38

Almeida, L. S., E. H. Rosenberg, C. Martinez-Muñoz, N. M. Verhoeven, L. Vilarinho, C. Jakobs, and G. S. Salomons. "Overexpression of GAMT restores GAMT activity in primary GAMT-deficient fibroblasts." Molecular Genetics and Metabolism 89, no. 4 (December 2006): 392–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymgme.2006.06.006.

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39

Kim, Jaewook, Yekwang Kim, and Seung-Jong Kim. "Biomechanical Task-Based Gait Analysis Suggests ReWalk Gait Resembles Crutch Gait." Applied Sciences 12, no. 24 (December 8, 2022): 12574. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122412574.

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Current gait rehabilitation strategies rely heavily on motor learning principles, which involve facilitating active patient participation, high-doses of biomechanical task-related motor activities and accurate feedback. Furthermore, appropriate muscle groups need to be recruited for the joint movements that constitute the biomechanical task-related activities in order to effectively promote motor learning. Recently, exoskeleton-type robots utilizing crutches have been incorporated into overground gait rehabilitation programs. However, it is unclear which gait-related tasks are being trained because the joint movements and muscle recruitment patterns deviate from those of natural gait. This raises concerns because repetitive training with these devices may not lead to desirable rehabilitative gains. In this study, we compare the lower limb joint angles and electromyography patterns of healthy subjects walking with and without ReWalk in accordance with the three major biomechanical tasks required by bipedal gait: weight acceptance (WA), single-limb support, and limb advancement. Furthermore, we investigate whether the physical constraints of ReWalk, most noticeably the use of crutches and fixed ankle joints, were responsible for the specific changes by conducting additional walking sessions with either crutches or ankle foot orthoses. The results from the six healthy male volunteers suggest that the gait patterns observed with ReWalk deviate significantly from those of natural gait, particularly during the WA, and closely resemble those of crutch gait.

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40

Kouta, Munetsugu, Koichi Shinkoda, Hirobumi Kawamura, Morihiro Tsujishita, Daisuke Okazaki, and Takamasa Tsurumi. "Affects of the speed on a series of motions that is from sitting to standing and initiating gait(Gait & Motion Analysis)." Proceedings of the Asian Pacific Conference on Biomechanics : emerging science and technology in biomechanics 2004.1 (2004): 109–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeapbio.2004.1.109.

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41

Henderson, Adrienne D., A. Wayne Johnson, Sarah T. Ridge, Jonathan S. Egbert, Kevin P. Curtis, Levi J. Berry, and Dustin A. Bruening. "Diabetic Gait Is Not Just Slow Gait: Gait Compensations in Diabetic Neuropathy." Journal of Diabetes Research 2019 (November 11, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4512501.

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Background. Neuropathic complications from diabetes mellitus affect multiple nerve types and may manifest in gait. However, gait compensations are still poorly understood, as narrow analyses and lack of speed controls have contributed to conflicting or equivocal results. Purpose. To evaluate gait mechanics and energetics in diabetic peripheral polyneuropathy. Methods. Instrumented gait analysis was performed on 14 participants with diabetic peripheral polyneuropathy and 14 matched controls, walking at 1.0 m/s. A full-body model with a multisegment foot was used to calculate inverse dynamics and analyze sagittal plane metrics and time series waveforms across stance phase. Results. Alterations included increased hip and knee flexion in early stance followed by a prolonged hip extension moment in midstance. Late stance ankle dorsiflexion and power absorption were increased, and final push-off was delayed and truncated. Conclusion. A neuropathic diabetic gait shares important similarities to a mild crouch gait with weakness/dysfunction in the foot and ankle. This study highlights two main compensation mechanisms that have been overlooked in previous literature. First, increased triceps surae stretch in terminal stance may be used to increase proprioception and/or energy storage, while a prolonged hip extension moment in midstance compensates for a limited push-off. These result in an overall workload shift from distal to proximal joints. Clinical assessment, monitoring, and treatment of neuropathy may benefit by focusing on these specific functional alterations.

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42

Tadano, Shigeru, Ryo Takeda, Keita Sasaki, Tadashi Fujisawa, and Harukazu Tohyama. "Gait characterization for osteoarthritis patients using wearable gait sensors (H-Gait systems)." Journal of Biomechanics 49, no. 5 (March 2016): 684–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.01.017.

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43

Van Nuffel, A., M. Sprenger, FAM Tuyttens, and W. Maertens. "Cow gait scores and kinematic gait data: can people see gait irregularities?" Animal Welfare 18, no. 4 (November 2009): 433–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0962728600000841.

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AbstractIncreasing lameness problems associated with intensified dairy cattle production has lead to the development of several techniques to automatically detect these problems. Comparisons of these new measuring techniques of cow locomotion with the conventional subjective observer scoring are scarce. In order to better understand human observers’ gait scoring, cows walking on a pressure-sensitive mat were evaluated for kinematic gait variables and a visual assessment of gait was also made via video recording. Forty of these videos were used for subjective gait scoring on a 3-point scale, and the observers were also asked to report any observed abnormalities (lameness indicators) that had influenced their scoring. Relationships between reported lameness indicators and subjective gait scores, between subjective gait scores and measured kinematic variables of cow locomotion and between reported lameness indicators and measured kinematic variables of cow locomotion were investigated. In general, observers based their gait score on reported indicators such as ‘tenderness’, ‘arched back’, ‘irregular gait’ and ‘increased abduction’. All of these four reported lameness indicators were correlated with measured kinematic ‘variables of asymmetry’, ‘stance time’ or both, suggesting that human observers are capable of detecting changes within these lameness indicators as measured by the pressure-sensitive mat. ‘Increased abduction’ appeared harder to detect and was reported more frequently by observers already experienced with gait scoring. Also, the measured kinematic variables of ‘stance time’ and ‘measures of asymmetry between left and right limbs’ as measured by the pressure-sensitive mat, show potential in predicting the gait score given. These reported lameness indicators and measured kinematic variables —mutually correlated and both related to the gait scores — were considered promising for subjective gait scoring in general.

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Hendriks, Maartje M. S., Marije Vos-van der Hulst, Ralf W. J. Weijs, Jaap H. van Lotringen, Alexander C. H. Geurts, and Noel L. W. Keijsers. "Using Sensor Technology to Measure Gait Capacity and Gait Performance in Rehabilitation Inpatients with Neurological Disorders." Sensors 22, no. 21 (November 1, 2022): 8387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22218387.

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The aim of this study was to objectively assess and compare gait capacity and gait performance in rehabilitation inpatients with stroke or incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI) using inertial measurement units (IMUs). We investigated how gait capacity (what someone can do) is related to gait performance (what someone does). Twenty-two inpatients (11 strokes, 11 iSCI) wore ankle positioned IMUs during the daytime to assess gait. Participants completed two circuits to assess gait capacity. These were videotaped to certify the validity of the IMU algorithm. Regression analyses were used to investigate if gait capacity was associated with gait performance (i.e., walking activity and spontaneous gait characteristics beyond therapy time). The ankle positioned IMUs validly assessed the number of steps, walking time, gait speed, and stride length (r ≥ 0.81). The walking activity was strongly (r ≥ 0.76) related to capacity-based gait speed. Maximum spontaneous gait speed and stride length were similar to gait capacity. However, the average spontaneous gait speed was half the capacity-based gait speed. Gait capacity can validly be assessed using IMUs and is strongly related to gait performance in rehabilitation inpatients with neurological disorders. Measuring gait performance with IMUs provides valuable additional information about walking activity and spontaneous gait characteristics to inform about functional recovery.

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Kalinin, M. E., and O. A. Pavlovskiy. "Results of GATT in secondary glaucoma after vitreoretinal surgery." Modern technologies in ophtalmology, no. 4 (August 29, 2022): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2022-4-16-19.

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Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of vision loss and decline worldwide. Today, with the development of vitreoretinal surgery, such a complication as secondary glaucoma has appeared, their combination requires a personalized approach to the choice of treatment tactics. An analysis was made of the surgical treatment of 12 patients (12 eyes) with secondary glaucoma after vitreoretinal surgery with the removal of SO 1300 according to the GATT technique in order to evaluate efficacy and safety. Keywords: glaucoma, secondary glaucoma, gonioassociated trabeculotomy, minimally invasive glaucoma surgery, surgical treatment of glaucoma, silicone oil.

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Jerkovic–Cosic, K. "Dental care by women: how does that work in (the) practice?" Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Tandheelkunde 124, no. 11 (November 3, 2017): 557–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5177/ntvt.2017.11.17129.

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Hiwatari, Y. "U. S. -Japanese Relations in the IMF-GATT Regime." Annuals of Japanese Political Science Association 42 (1991): 7–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7218/nenpouseijigaku1953.42.0_7.

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Dolganova, T. I., O. I. Gatamov, G. M. Chibirov, D. V. Dolganov, and D. A. Popkov. "Clinical and biomechanical results of multilevel orthopaedic interventions in crouch-gait patients." Genij Ortopedii 26, no. 3 (September 2020): 325–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18019/1028-4427-2020-26-3-325-333.

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Mogan, Jashila Nair, Chin Poo Lee, Kian Ming Lim, and Kalaiarasi Sonai Muthu. "Gait-ViT: Gait Recognition with Vision Transformer." Sensors 22, no. 19 (September 28, 2022): 7362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22197362.

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Identifying an individual based on their physical/behavioral characteristics is known as biometric recognition. Gait is one of the most reliable biometrics due to its advantages, such as being perceivable at a long distance and difficult to replicate. The existing works mostly leverage Convolutional Neural Networks for gait recognition. The Convolutional Neural Networks perform well in image recognition tasks; however, they lack the attention mechanism to emphasize more on the significant regions of the image. The attention mechanism encodes information in the image patches, which facilitates the model to learn the substantial features in the specific regions. In light of this, this work employs the Vision Transformer (ViT) with an attention mechanism for gait recognition, referred to as Gait-ViT. In the proposed Gait-ViT, the gait energy image is first obtained by averaging the series of images over the gait cycle. The images are then split into patches and transformed into sequences by flattening and patch embedding. Position embedding, along with patch embedding, are applied on the sequence of patches to restore the positional information of the patches. Subsequently, the sequence of vectors is fed to the Transformer encoder to produce the final gait representation. As for the classification, the first element of the sequence is sent to the multi-layer perceptron to predict the class label. The proposed method obtained 99.93% on CASIA-B, 100% on OU-ISIR D and 99.51% on OU-LP, which exhibit the ability of the Vision Transformer model to outperform the state-of-the-art methods.

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Yao, Lingxiang, Worapan Kusakunniran, Qiang Wu, and Jian Zhang. "Gait recognition using a few gait frames." PeerJ Computer Science 7 (March 1, 2021): e382. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.382.

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Gait has been deemed as an alternative biometric in video-based surveillance applications, since it can be used to recognize individuals from a far distance without their interaction and cooperation. Recently, many gait recognition methods have been proposed, aiming at reducing the influence caused by exterior factors. However, most of these methods are developed based on sufficient input gait frames, and their recognition performance will sharply decrease if the frame number drops. In the real-world scenario, it is impossible to always obtain a sufficient number of gait frames for each subject due to many reasons, e.g., occlusion and illumination. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the gait recognition performance when the available gait frames are limited. This paper starts with three different strategies, aiming at producing more input frames and eliminating the generalization error cause by insufficient input data. Meanwhile, a two-branch network is also proposed in this paper to formulate robust gait representations from the original and new generated input gait frames. According to our experiments, under the limited gait frames being used, it was verified that the proposed method can achieve a reliable performance for gait recognition.

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