Journal articles on the topic 'Gadolinia doped ceria oxide'

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1

Arabaci, Aliye, and Nuri Solak. "High Temperature - FTIR Characterization of Gadolinia Doped Ceria." Advances in Science and Technology 72 (October 2010): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.72.249.

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Doped ceria-based (DC) materials have recently been considered as the most promising solid electrolytes for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell (IT-SOFC) applications. Doped ceria is usually prepared via thermal decomposition of its water soluble salts, especially, acetates and nitrates. The properties of the obtained final product directly influenced by the starting material and the decomposition products. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the decomposition steps and intermediate products. Number of experimental work have been reported using various <em>in-situ</em> and <em>ex-situ</em> techniques such as thermogravimetry with mass spectrometry (TG/DTA-MS), X-ray diffraction with differential scanning calorimeter (XRD-DSC). However, the available literature data is limited and not reasonably in agreement with each other. High Temperature FT-IR spectroscopy, TG/DTA-MS, XRD, techniques were used and results are compared with literature. A good agreement between the thermal analyses and HT-FTIR results were obtained. Possible decomposition mechanism is discussed.
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2

Wu, Weiming, Zhe Zhao, Xiaomin Zhang, Zhongbo Liu, Daan Cui, Baofeng Tu, Dingrong Ou, and Mojie Cheng. "Structure-designed gadolinia doped ceria interlayer for solid oxide fuel cell." Electrochemistry Communications 71 (October 2016): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2016.08.005.

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3

Kim, Young Beom, Turgut M. Gür, and Fritz B. Prinz. "Gadolinia-Doped Ceria Cathode Interlayer for Low Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell." ECS Transactions 35, no. 1 (December 16, 2019): 1155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.3570098.

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4

Sulekar, Soumitra, Mehrad Mehr, Ji Hyun Kim, and Juan Claudio Nino. "Effect of Reduced Atmosphere Sintering on Blocking Grain Boundaries in Rare-Earth Doped Ceria." Inorganics 9, no. 8 (August 9, 2021): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics9080063.

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Rare-earth doped ceria materials are amongst the top choices for use in electrolytes and composite electrodes in intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells. Trivalent acceptor dopants such as gadolinium, which mediate the ionic conductivity in ceria by creating oxygen vacancies, have a tendency to segregate at grain boundaries and triple points. This leads to formation of ionically resistive blocking grain boundaries and necessitates high operating temperatures to overcome this barrier. In an effort to improve the grain boundary conductivity, we studied the effect of a modified sintering cycle, where 10 mol% gadolinia doped ceria was sintered under a reducing atmosphere and subsequently reoxidized. A detailed analysis of the complex impedance, conductivity, and activation energy values was performed. The analysis shows that for samples processed thus, the ionic conductivity improves when compared with conventionally processed samples sintered in air. Equivalent circuit fitting shows that this improvement in conductivity is mainly due to a drop in the grain boundary resistance. Based on comparison of activation energy values for the conventionally processed vs. reduced-reoxidized samples, this drop can be attributed to a diminished blocking effect of defect-associates at the grain boundaries
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5

Yu, L., and M. Han. "DFT Investigations on Sintering Behavior of Gadolinia-Doped Ceria with Lithium Oxide Additives." ECS Transactions 57, no. 1 (October 6, 2013): 2799–809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/05701.2799ecst.

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6

Luo, J., R. J. Ball, and R. Stevens. "Gadolinia doped ceria/yttria stabilised zirconia electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cell applications." Journal of Materials Science 39, no. 1 (January 2004): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:jmsc.0000007749.72739.bb.

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7

Fonseca, Fabio C., Sven Uhlenbruck, Ronan Nedéléc, Doris Sebold, and Hans Peter Buchkremer. "Bias-Assisted Sputtering of Gadolinia-Doped Ceria Interlayers for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." ECS Transactions 25, no. 2 (December 17, 2019): 2727–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.3205833.

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8

Aravind, P. V., J. P. Ouweltjes, and J. Schoonman. "Diffusion Impedance on Nickel/Gadolinia-Doped Ceria Anodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 156, no. 12 (2009): B1417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.3231490.

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9

Gondolini, A., E. Mercadelli, A. Sanson, S. Albonetti, L. Doubova, and S. Boldrini. "Microwave-assisted synthesis of gadolinia-doped ceria powders for solid oxide fuel cells." Ceramics International 37, no. 4 (May 2011): 1423–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2011.01.010.

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10

Soman, Ajith Kumar, P. Kuppusami, and Arul Maximus Rabel. "Electrical Conductivity of NiO-Gadolinia Doped Ceria Anode Material for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Nano Hybrids and Composites 17 (August 2017): 224–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/nhc.17.224.

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In this paper, NiO-Gadolinia Doped Ceria (10 mole % Gadolinia) NiO-GDC10 composite with Nickel varying from 50 to 65 wt.% has been prepared by conventional solid state reaction method. The structural and microstructural properties have been evaluated by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The electrochemical behavior of the composites with varying concentration of Ni has been investigated by AC impedance spectroscopy. Both the grain and grain boundary conductivities have been determined as a function of temperature in the range of 773-973 K. The highest total electrical conductivity (σGi+σGb) have been achieved as 0.28 x10-3 Scm-1 at 973 K with activation energy of 0.40 eV for composition of GDC10 with 65 wt % of NiO (NiO-GDC-65:35 wt.%). The influence of microstructure on electrical properties of the composites has been analyzed and the conductivities have been compared with the conventional NiO-YSZ (50:50) composite in order to fabricate Ni-GDC based anode material of better performance.
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11

Rose, Lars, Mohan Menon, Kent Kammer, Olivera Kesler, and Peter Halvor Larsen. "Processing of Ce1-xGdxO2-δ (GDC) Thin Films from Precursors for Application in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Advanced Materials Research 15-17 (February 2006): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.15-17.293.

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Extensive interfacial reactions are known to occur between Fe-Co based perovskite cathode materials and the standard solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte. Thin films of gadolinia doped ceria (GDC) could be used as a diffusion barrier between the cathode and the electrolyte. The present work investigates spin coating thin diffusion reaction inhibiting films onto SOFC electrolytes. The chemical and structural evolution of ethylene glycol based precursor solution is studied by means of rheology, x-ray diffraction (XRD), high temperature XRD (HT-XRD), Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The studies show that cerium formate is formed as an intermediate resin. Thin films, up to 500 nm thick, of gadolinia doped ceria (GDC) are successfully produced by multiple spin coating of polymerized ethylene glycol derived solutions on 200 1m thick YSZ tapes. The GDC and YSZ interfacial surface morphology and film thickness are studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). These films are shown to successfully prevent the creation of non-conducting reaction phases at the cathode-electrolyte interface by blocking interdiffusion.
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12

Zhen, Y. D., A. I. Y. Tok, S. P. Jiang, and F. Y. C. Boey. "Fabrication and performance of gadolinia-doped ceria-based intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells." Journal of Power Sources 178, no. 1 (March 2008): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.11.113.

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13

Takagi, Yuto, Suhare Adam, and Shriram Ramanathan. "Nanostructured ruthenium – gadolinia-doped ceria composite anodes for thin film solid oxide fuel cells." Journal of Power Sources 217 (November 2012): 543–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.06.060.

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14

NITTA, Tomonori, and Akiyoshi NAGATA. "Intermediate Temperature Operation of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Using Gadolinia Doped Ceria Electrolyte Film." Journal of the Vacuum Society of Japan 54, no. 9 (2011): 478–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3131/jvsj2.54.478.

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15

Sønderby, Steffen, Trine Klemensø, Bjarke H. Christensen, Klaus P. Almtoft, Jun Lu, Lars P. Nielsen, and Per Eklund. "Magnetron sputtered gadolinia-doped ceria diffusion barriers for metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells." Journal of Power Sources 267 (December 2014): 452–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.05.101.

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16

Park, Hyeon Cheol, and Anil V. Virkar. "Bimetallic (Ni–Fe) anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells with gadolinia-doped ceria electrolyte." Journal of Power Sources 186, no. 1 (January 2009): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.09.080.

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17

Fonseca, F. C., S. Uhlenbruck, R. Nedéléc, and H. P. Buchkremer. "Properties of bias-assisted sputtered gadolinia-doped ceria interlayers for solid oxide fuel cells." Journal of Power Sources 195, no. 6 (March 2010): 1599–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.09.050.

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18

Marina, O. "A solid oxide fuel cell with a gadolinia-doped ceria anode: preparation and performance." Solid State Ionics 123, no. 1-4 (August 1999): 199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2738(99)00111-3.

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19

De Marco, V., and V. M. Sglavo. "Effect of Bismuth Oxide as Sintering Aid for Gadolinia-doped Ceria at 1050 C." ECS Transactions 68, no. 1 (July 17, 2015): 413–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/06801.0413ecst.

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20

Veranitisagul, Chatchai, Attaphon Kaewvilai, Worawat Wattanathana, Nattamon Koonsaeng, Enrico Traversa, and Apirat Laobuthee. "Electrolyte materials for solid oxide fuel cells derived from metal complexes: Gadolinia-doped ceria." Ceramics International 38, no. 3 (April 2012): 2403–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2011.11.006.

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21

Arakaki, Alexander Rodrigo, Sandra Maria Cunha, Walter Kenji Yoshito, Valter Ussui, and Dolores Ribeiro Ricci Lazar. "Influence of Organic Solvent on Solvothermal Synthesis of Samaria and Gadolinia Doped Ceria – Nickel Oxide Composites." Materials Science Forum 727-728 (August 2012): 1317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.727-728.1317.

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The synthesis and ceramic processing of samaria and gadolinia doped ceria - nickel oxide composites, mainly applied as Solid Oxide Fuel Cell anodes, were studied in this work. Powders with composition Ce0.8(SmGd)0.2O1,9/NiO and mass ratio of 40/60%, were synthesized by hydroxide coprecipitation with CTAB surfactant, followed by solvothermal treatment in n-butanol, ethanol and n-propanol at 150 °C for 16 hours, calcination at 600°C for 1 hour and milling. Sintering of compacted samples was performed at 1300°C for 1 hour. The powders were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption method (BET), laser beam scattering (Cilas) and TG/DTA. The ceramics were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, EDS, XRD and density measurements by Archimedes method. The results showed that the powders have a high specific surface area (42 - 85 m2/g). The ceramic characterizations showed a high chemical homogeneity and density value of 99% TD for powders treated with ethanol and propanol.
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22

Muecke, Ulrich P., Gary L. Messing, and Ludwig J. Gauckler. "The Leidenfrost effect during spray pyrolysis of nickel oxide-gadolinia doped ceria composite thin films." Thin Solid Films 517, no. 5 (January 2009): 1515–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2008.08.158.

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23

Rupp, Jennifer L. M., Anna Infortuna, and Ludwig J. Gauckler. "Thermodynamic Stability of Gadolinia-Doped Ceria Thin Film Electrolytes for Micro-Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 90, no. 6 (June 2007): 1792–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2007.01531.x.

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24

Nakamura, Takashi, Keiji Yashiro, Atsushi Kaimai, Takanori Otake, Kazuhisa Sato, Tatsuya Kawada, and Junichiro Mizusaki. "Determination of the Reaction Zone in Gadolinia-Doped Ceria Anode for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 155, no. 12 (2008): B1244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2975322.

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25

Primdahl, S., and Y. L. Liu. "Ni Catalyst for Hydrogen Conversion in Gadolinia-Doped Ceria Anodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 149, no. 11 (2002): A1466. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.1514234.

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26

Kim, Young Beom, Joon Hyung Shim, Turgut M. Gür, and Fritz B. Prinz. "Epitaxial and Polycrystalline Gadolinia-Doped Ceria Cathode Interlayers for Low Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 158, no. 11 (2011): B1453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2.001112jes.

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27

Muecke, Ulrich P., Silvio Graf, Urs Rhyner, and Ludwig J. Gauckler. "Microstructure and electrical conductivity of nanocrystalline nickel- and nickel oxide/gadolinia-doped ceria thin films." Acta Materialia 56, no. 4 (February 2008): 677–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2007.09.023.

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28

Datta, Pradyot. "Doped Ceria Based Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Electrolytes and their Sintering Aspects: An Overview." Materials Science Forum 835 (January 2016): 199–236. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.835.199.

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Depletion of fossil fuel at an alarming rate is a major concern of humankind. Consequently, researchers all over the world are putting a concerted effort for finding alternative and renewable energy. Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is one such system. SOFCs are electrochemical devices that have several advantages over conventional power generation systems like high efficiency of power generation, low emission of green house gases and the fuel flexibility. The major research focus of recent times is to reduce the operating temperature of SOFC in the range of 500 to 700 °C so as to render it commercially viable. This reduction in temperature is largely dependent on finding an electrolyte material with adequate oxygen ion conductivity at the intended operating temperature. One much material is Gadolinia doped Ceria (CGO) that shows very good oxygen ion conductivity at the intended operation temperature. The aim of this overview is to highlight the contribution that materials chemistry has made to the development of CGO as an electrolyte.
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29

Kuo, Yu-Lin, and Yu-Ming Su. "Sintering behaviour and electrical properties of gadolinia-doped ceria modified by addition of silicon oxide and titanium oxide." Micro & Nano Letters 7, no. 5 (2012): 472. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/mnl.2012.0178.

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30

Jung, Doh Won, Chan Kwak, Sooyeon Seo, Kyoung-Seok Moon, In-taek Han, and Ju Sik Kim. "Role of the gadolinia-doped ceria interlayer in high-performance intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells." Journal of Power Sources 361 (September 2017): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.06.078.

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31

Rupp, Jennifer L. M., Tanja Drobek, Antonella Rossi, and Ludwig J. Gauckler. "Chemical Analysis of Spray Pyrolysis Gadolinia-Doped Ceria Electrolyte Thin Films for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Chemistry of Materials 19, no. 5 (March 2007): 1134–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm061449f.

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32

MUECKE, U., K. AKIBA, A. INFORTUNA, T. SALKUS, N. STUS, and L. GAUCKLER. "Electrochemical performance of nanocrystalline nickel/gadolinia-doped ceria thin film anodes for solid oxide fuel cells." Solid State Ionics 178, no. 33-34 (January 31, 2008): 1762–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2007.10.002.

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33

Han, Minfang, Ze Liu, Su Zhou, and Lian Yu. "Influence of Lithium Oxide Addition on the Sintering Behavior and Electrical Conductivity of Gadolinia Doped Ceria." Journal of Materials Science & Technology 27, no. 5 (January 2011): 460–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1005-0302(11)60091-1.

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34

Datta, Pradyot, Peter Majewski, and Fritz Aldinger. "Synthesis and characterization of gadolinia-doped ceria–silver cermet cathode material for solid oxide fuel cells." Materials Chemistry and Physics 107, no. 2-3 (February 2008): 370–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2007.08.001.

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35

SAKANOI, Ryota, Jingxiang XU, Yuji HIGUCHI, Nobuki OZAWA, Tomomi SHIMAZAKI, Kazuhisa SATO, Toshiyuki HASHIDA, and Momoji KUBO. "J056046 Computational Simulation on Fracture Properties of Gadolinia Doped Ceria Electrolytes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2012 (2012): _J056046–1—_J056046–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2012._j056046-1.

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36

Choi, Yun-Gyeom, Jun-Young Park, Huesup Song, Hae-Ryoung Kim, Ji-Won Son, Jong-Ho Lee, Hae-June Je, Byung-Kook Kim, Hae-Weon Lee, and Kyung Joong Yoon. "Microstructure–polarization relations in nickel/ gadolinia-doped ceria anode for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells." Ceramics International 39, no. 4 (May 2013): 4713–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2012.11.020.

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37

Firmino, H. C. T., A. J. M. Araújo, R. P. S. Dutra, R. M. Nascimento, S. Rajesh, and D. A. Macedo. "One-step synthesis and microstructure of CuO-SDC composites." Cerâmica 63, no. 365 (March 2017): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132017633652088.

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Abstract An in situ one step synthesis route based on the polymeric precursor method was used to produce dual phase CuO-samaria doped ceria (SDC) nanocomposite powders. This chemical route allowed to obtain composite powders with reduced particle size and uniform distribution of Cu, Ce and Sm elements. The particulate material was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) combined with Rietveld refinement. CuO-SDC sintered in air between 950 to 1050 °C and subsequently reduced to Cu-SDC cermets were further characterized by XRD and scanning electron microscopy. The open porosity was measured using the Archimedes’ principle. Suitable microstructures for both charge transfer and mass transport processes (30 to 45% porosity) were attained in Cu-SDC cermets previously fired at 1000 to 1050 °C. Overall results indicated that CuO-SDC composites and Cu-SDC cermets with potential application as anodes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) can be obtained by microstructural design. An anode supported half-cell was prepared by co-pressing and co-firing gadolinia doped ceria (CGO) and the herein synthesized CuO-SDC nanocomposite powder.
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38

Arakaki, Alexander Rodrigo, Walter Kenji Yoshito, Valter Ussui, and Dolores Ribeiro Ricci Lazar. "The Effect of Hydrothermal Treatment on Samaria and Gadolinia Doped Ceria Powders Synthesized by Coprecipitation." Materials Science Forum 660-661 (October 2010): 959–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.660-661.959.

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One of the main applications of ceria-based (CeO2) ceramics is the manufacturing of Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells electrolytes. In order to improve ionic conductivity and densification of these materials various powder synthesis routes have been studied. In this work powders with composition Ce0.8(SmGd)0.2O1.9 have been synthesized by coprecipitation and hydrothermal treatment. A concentrate of rare earths containing 90wt% of CeO2 and other containing 51% of Sm2O3 and 30% of Gd2O3, both prepared from monazite processing, were used as precursor materials. The powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, agglomerate size distribution by laser scattering and specific surface area by gas adsorption. Ceramic sinterability was evaluated by dilatometry and density measurements by Archimedes method. High specific surface area powders (~100m2/g) and cubic fluorite structure were obtained after hydrothermal treatment around 200°C. Ceramic densification was improved when compared to the one prepared from powders calcined at 800°C.
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39

Kainbayev, Nursultan, Mantas Sriubas, Darius Virbukas, Zivile Rutkuniene, Kristina Bockute, Saltanat Bolegenova, and Giedrius Laukaitis. "Raman Study of Nanocrystalline-Doped Ceria Oxide Thin Films." Coatings 10, no. 5 (April 28, 2020): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10050432.

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Samarium-doped ceria (SDC) and gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC) thin films were formed by e-beam vapor deposition on SiO2 substrate, changing the deposition rate and substrate temperature during the deposition. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-Ray spectrometry (EDS) were employed in order to investigate the structure ad morphology of the films. A single Raman peak describing the structure of undoped CeO2 was observed at a frequency of 466 cm−1. Doping of cerium oxide with rare-earth elements shifted the peak to lower frequencies (for Sm—462 cm−1). This shift occurs due to the increased number of oxygen vacancies in doped cerium oxide and it depends on the size and concentration factor of the dopant. It was found that wavenumbers and their intensity differed for the investigated samples, even though the peaks resembled each other in shape. The indicated bands for doped ceria originated as a result of the Raman regime (F2g) of fluorite dioxide associated with the space group (Fm3m). The observed peak‘s position shifting to a lower frequency range demonstrates the symmetric vibrations of oxygen ions around Ce4+ ions in octahedra CeO8. Raman shift to the lower frequencies for the doped samples has two reasons: an increase in oxygen vacancies caused by doping cerium oxide with rare-earth materials and the size factor, i.e., the change in frequency Δω associated with the change in the lattice constant Δa.
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40

Park, Seung-Young, Chan Woong Na, Jee Hyun Ahn, Ui-Jin Yun, Tak-Hyoung Lim, Rak-Hyun Song, Dong-Ryul Shin, and Jong-Heun Lee. "Intermediate-temperature nickel–yttria stabilized zirconia supported tubular solid oxide fuel cells using gadolinia-doped ceria electrolyte." Journal of Power Sources 218 (November 2012): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.06.078.

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41

Kellogg, Isaiah D., Umit O. Koylu, and Fatih Dogan. "Solid oxide fuel cell bi-layer anode with gadolinia-doped ceria for utilization of solid carbon fuel." Journal of Power Sources 195, no. 21 (November 2010): 7238–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.05.055.

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42

Coddet, Pierre, Julien Vulliet, Caroline Richard, Amael Caillard, and Anne-Lise Thomann. "Characteristics and properties of a magnetron sputtered gadolinia-doped ceria barrier layer for solid oxide electrochemical cells." Surface and Coatings Technology 339 (April 2018): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2018.01.079.

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43

Wu, Weiming, Zhongbo Liu, Zhe Zhao, Xiaomin Zhang, Dingrong Ou, Baofeng Tu, Da'an Cui, and Mojie Cheng. "Gadolinia-doped ceria barrier layer produced by sputtering and annealing for anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells." Chinese Journal of Catalysis 35, no. 8 (August 2014): 1376–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1872-2067(14)60137-6.

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44

Sønderby, Steffen, Petru Lunca Popa, Jun Lu, Bjarke Holl Christensen, Klaus Pagh Almtoft, Lars Pleth Nielsen, and Per Eklund. "Strontium Diffusion in Magnetron Sputtered Gadolinia-Doped Ceria Thin Film Barrier Coatings for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Advanced Energy Materials 3, no. 7 (April 10, 2013): 923–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201300003.

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45

Kim, Yusung, Seungtak Noh, Gu Young Cho, Taehyun Park, Yoon Ho Lee, Wonjong Yu, Yeageun Lee, Waqas Hassan Tanveer, and Suk Won Cha. "Characterization of thin film solid oxide fuel cells with variations in the thickness of nickel oxide-gadolinia doped ceria anode." International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing 17, no. 8 (August 2016): 1079–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12541-016-0131-8.

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46

Costilla-Aguilar, S. U., M. I. Pech-Canul, M. J. Escudero, R. F. Cienfuegos-Pelaes, and J. A. Aguilar-Martínez. "Gadolinium doped ceria nanostructured oxide for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 878 (October 2021): 160444. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.160444.

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47

Accardo, Grazia, Luca Spiridigliozzi, Gianfranco Dell’Agli, Sung Pil Yoon, and Domenico Frattini. "Morphology and Structural Stability of Bismuth-Gadolinium Co-Doped Ceria Electrolyte Nanopowders." Inorganics 7, no. 10 (September 28, 2019): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics7100118.

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Abstract:
The reduction of the sintering temperature of doped ceria ceramics remains an open challenge for their real exploitation as electrolytes for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell (IT-SOFCs) at the industrial level. In this work, we have used Bi (0.5 and 2 mol %) as the sintering aid for Gd (20 mol %)-doped ceria. Nano-sized powders of Bi/Gd co-doped ceria were easily synthesized via a simple and cheap sol-gel combustion synthesis. The obtained powders showed high sinterability and very good electrochemical properties. More importantly, even after prolonged annealing at 700 °C, both of the powders and of the sintered pellets, no trace of structural modifications, phase instabilities, or Bi segregation appeared. Therefore, the use of a small amount of Bi can be taken into account for preparing ceria-based ceramic electrolytes at low sintering temperatures.
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48

Frontera, Patrizia, Anastasia Macario, Angela Malara, Vincenzo Antonucci, Vincenza Modafferi, and Pier Luigi Antonucci. "Simultaneous methanation of carbon oxides on nickel-iron catalysts supported on ceria-doped gadolinia." Catalysis Today 357 (November 2020): 565–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2019.05.065.

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49

Zhu, Tenglong, Ye Lin, Zhibin Yang, Dong Su, Shuguo Ma, Minfang Han, and Fanglin Chen. "Evaluation of Li2O as an efficient sintering aid for gadolinia-doped ceria electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cells." Journal of Power Sources 261 (September 2014): 255–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.03.010.

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50

Park, Taehyun, Yoon Ho Lee, Gu Young Cho, Sanghoon Ji, Joonho Park, Ikwhang Chang, and Suk Won Cha. "Effect of the thickness of sputtered gadolinia-doped ceria as a cathodic interlayer in solid oxide fuel cells." Thin Solid Films 584 (June 2015): 120–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2015.03.010.

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