Relevant bibliographies by topics / G-EXIN

Academic literature on the topic 'G-EXIN'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "G-EXIN"

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Stadje, W., and S. Zacks. "ON THE UPPER FIRST-EXIT TIMES OF COMPOUND G/M PROCESSES." Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences 19, no. 3 (June 22, 2005): 397–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269964805050230.

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For a compound process with exponential jumps at renewal times, we determine, in closed form, the density of the first time an upper linear boundary is crossed. It is shown how simple formulas for the Laplace transform and the first two moments can be directly derived from this density.
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kumar, C. Ravi, and P. K. K. Nair. "Inheritance of exine ornamentation and pollen shape in the interspecific tetraploid hybrids of Gloriosa." Canadian Journal of Botany 64, no. 12 (December 1, 1986): 3134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b86-413.

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Scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy of the pollen of three tetraploid (2n = 44) species, Gloriosa virescens Lindle, G. carsonii Baker, and G. richmondensis Hort., and three of their hybrids showed that the pollen in Gloriosa L. fundamentally consists of three pollen shape types, spheroidal, ellipsoidal, and spindle shaped, having monocolpate aperture and a striate exine ornamentation pattern. The three parental species can be differentiated from each other on the basis of pollen shape and their characteristic striate exine ornamentation. However, in all three hybrids the composition of pollen shape suggests maternal inheritance of the character. Furthermore, in each of the three hybrids, new exine ornamentation features have appeared which differ from those of the other hybrids and from their respective parents. All the pollen grains in each of the hybrids are uniform with the same characteristic exine ornamentation. They show no segregation of exine features into the parental categories, which would be expected if exine ornamentation was under sporophytic control. The potential of exine features as genetic markers in hybrids is discussed.
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Sevier, Carolyn S., Ora A. Weisz, Mollie Davis, and Carolyn E. Machamer. "Efficient Export of the Vesicular Stomatitis Virus G Protein from the Endoplasmic Reticulum Requires a Signal in the Cytoplasmic Tail That Includes Both Tyrosine-based and Di-acidic Motifs." Molecular Biology of the Cell 11, no. 1 (January 2000): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.11.1.13.

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The vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) G protein is a model transmembrane glycoprotein that has been extensively used to study the exocytotic pathway. A signal in the cytoplasmic tail of VSV G (DxE or Asp-x-Glu, where x is any amino acid) was recently proposed to mediate efficient export of the protein from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In this study, we show that the DxE motif only partially accounts for efficient ER exit of VSV G. We have identified a six-amino-acid signal, which includes the previously identified Asp and Glu residues, that is required for efficient exit of VSV G from the ER. This six-residue signal also includes the targeting sequence YxxØ (where x is any amino acid and Ø is a bulky, hydrophobic residue) implicated in several different sorting pathways. The only defect in VSV G proteins with mutations in the six-residue signal is slow exit from the ER; folding and oligomerization in the ER are normal, and the mutants eventually reach the plasma membrane. Addition of this six-residue motif to an inefficiently transported reporter protein is sufficient to confer an enhanced ER export rate. The signal we have identified is highly conserved among divergent VSV G proteins, and we suggest this reflects the importance of this motif in the evolution of VSV G as a proficient exocytic protein.
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Kritayakirana, Krisada, and J. Christian Gerdes. "Autonomous Cornering at the Limits: Maximizing a “g-g” Diagram by Using Feedforward Trail-Braking and Throttle-on-Exit." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 43, no. 7 (July 2010): 548–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20100712-3-de-2013.00060.

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Lim, Sun-Young, and Hiramitsu Suzuki. "Dose-Response Effect of Docosahexaenoic Acid Ethyl Ester on Maze Behavior and Brain Fatty Acid Composition in Adult Mice." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 72, no. 2 (March 1, 2002): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831.72.2.77.

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The dose-response effect of dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3) ethyl ester (EE) on maze-learning ability in mice was studied. Male Crj:CD-1 mice aged three months were fed a) a diet containing 5 g palm oil/100 g diet (control group); b) a diet containing 0.5 g DHA ethyl ester/100 g diet plus 4.5 g palm oil/100g diet (DHA-EE 0.5% group); c) a diet containing 1g DHA ethyl ester/100 g diet plus 4g palm oil/100 g diet (DHA-EE 1% group); d) a diet containing 2 g DHA ethyl ester/100 g diet plus 3 g palm oil/100 g diet (DHA-EE 2% group) for four months. Maze-learning ability was assessed three months after the start of the experiment. The time required to reach the maze exit and the number of times that a mouse strayed into blind alleys in the maze were measured in three trials, performed every four days. In trial 1, the DHA-EE 0.5%, 1% and 2% groups required less (p < 0.05) time to reach the maze exit, and the DHA-EE 2% group strayed (p < 0.05) into blind alleys fewer times than the control group. In trial 3 performed four days after the second trial, the DHA-EE 2% group needed less (p < 0.05) time to find the exit and spent a fewer (p < 0.05) number of times in blind alleys than did the control group. In the total lipids of plasma and brain of mice fed DHA, increasing intakes of DHA resulted in an increase in DHA levels, with a corresponding decrease in arachidonic acid (20:4 n-6). Improved maze-learning ability in mice fed DHA-EE 2% was associated with higher DHA levels in brain. Our results suggest that there are no linear dose-response effects of DHA on maze-learning ability, however, the intake of DHA-EE 2% diet improves learning ability in adult mice as demonstrated by maze performance.
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BROWNLOWE, NATHAN, TOKE MEIER CARLSEN, and MICHAEL F. WHITTAKER. "Graph algebras and orbit equivalence." Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems 37, no. 2 (August 25, 2015): 389–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/etds.2015.52.

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We introduce the notion of orbit equivalence of directed graphs, following Matsumoto’s notion of continuous orbit equivalence for topological Markov shifts. We show that two graphs in which every cycle has an exit are orbit equivalent if and only if there is a diagonal-preserving isomorphism between their $C^{\ast }$-algebras. We show that it is necessary to assume that every cycle has an exit for the forward implication, but that the reverse implication holds for arbitrary graphs. As part of our analysis of arbitrary graphs $E$ we construct a groupoid ${\mathcal{G}}_{(C^{\ast }(E),{\mathcal{D}}(E))}$ from the graph algebra $C^{\ast }(E)$ and its diagonal subalgebra ${\mathcal{D}}(E)$ which generalises Renault’s Weyl groupoid construction applied to $(C^{\ast }(E),{\mathcal{D}}(E))$. We show that ${\mathcal{G}}_{(C^{\ast }(E),{\mathcal{D}}(E))}$ recovers the graph groupoid ${\mathcal{G}}_{E}$ without the assumption that every cycle in $E$ has an exit, which is required to apply Renault’s results to $(C^{\ast }(E),{\mathcal{D}}(E))$. We finish with applications of our results to out-splittings of graphs and to amplified graphs.
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Chu, Kwok Hong, Wai Yee Choy, Chi Chung William Cheung, Ka Shun Fung, Hon Lok Tang, William Lee, Au Cheuk, Ka Fai Yim, Wai Han Hilda Chan, and Kwok Lung Matthew Tong. "A Prospective Study of the Efficacy of Local Application of Gentamicin versus Mupirocin in the Prevention of Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter-Related Infections." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 28, no. 5 (September 2008): 505–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686080802800514.

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Background Peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related infections are the major cause of technique failure. Exit-site infections (ESI) can be prevented by local application of antibiotics. Mupirocin (M) is the most extensively studied drug for this application. Long-term use can result in the development of resistance. Gentamicin (G) is an attractive alternative, with both gram-positive and gram-negative activities. We studied the comparative efficacy of G cream versus M ointment in the prevention of PD-related infections in a Chinese cohort. Methods This was a prospective study of adult PD patients of the Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong. Patients were excluded if they had active infection, recent ESI or peritonitis, history of allergy to either drug, or were unable to apply the drug or give consent. Patients were taught to apply the drug daily to the exit site after routine exit-site care. Records were tracked prospectively during hospital admissions and clinic follow-ups. Results 95 patients were recruited; 14 discontinued the study. The ESI rates were 0.38 and 0.20 episodes/patient-year for the G group and the M group respectively ( p = 0.36). Gram-positive ESI rates were 0.18 and 0 episodes/patient-year for the G group and the M group respectively. Gram-negative ESI rates were 0.20 episodes/patient-year for both groups ( p = 0.62). The overall peritonitis rates were similar in the two groups ( p = 0.91). Discussion In addition to good perioperative care and strict exit-site care, local antibiotic application can prevent ESI. Mupirocin has been extensively studied and shown to be effective. Similar if not superior effects of G cream have been demonstrated. In this study, neither antibiotic gave significantly better results in the prevention of either ESI or peritonitis. Conclusions Both gentamicin and mupirocin were effective as prophylaxis for ESI. Longer study is required to determine the long-term efficacy and the potential beneficial effect on the prevention of peritonitis.
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Troshkina, V. I. "A new form of Geranium transbaicalicum (Geraniaceae) from the East Transbaikalia." Novitates Systematicae Plantarum Vascularium 53 (2022): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/novitates/2022.53.69.

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A new form Geranium transbaicalicum Serg. subsp. transbaicalicum f. albiflorum Troshkina is described from the East Transbaikalia. The new form differs from the type form of G. transbaicalicum in the color of petals, the length of sepals and their awns, and from G. transbaicalicum subsp. turczaninovii also in the character of pubescence of the sepals, as well as the structure of the surface of the exine of pollen grains. Diagnostic characters of G. transbaicalicum f. transbaicalicum, G. transbaicalicum f. albiflorum, G. transbaicalicum subsp. turczaninovii (Serg.) Peschkova are given in the Table and in the Figure.
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Adames, Neil R., Jessica R. Oberle, and John A. Cooper. "The Surveillance Mechanism of the Spindle Position Checkpoint in Yeast." Journal of Cell Biology 153, no. 1 (April 2, 2001): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.153.1.159.

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The spindle position checkpoint in Saccharomyces cerevisiae delays mitotic exit until the spindle has moved into the mother–bud neck, ensuring that each daughter cell inherits a nucleus. The small G protein Tem1p is critical in promoting mitotic exit and is concentrated at the spindle pole destined for the bud. The presumed nucleotide exchange factor for Tem1p, Lte1p, is concentrated in the bud. These findings suggested the hypothesis that movement of the spindle pole through the neck allows Tem1p to interact with Lte1p, promoting GTP loading of Tem1p and mitotic exit. However, we report that deletion of LTE1 had little effect on the timing of mitotic exit. We also examined several mutants in which some cells inappropriately exit mitosis even though the spindle is within the mother. In some of these cells, the spindle pole body did not interact with the bud or the neck before mitotic exit. Thus, some alternative mechanism must exist to coordinate mitotic exit with spindle position. In both wild-type and mutant cells, mitotic exit was preceded by loss of cytoplasmic microtubules from the neck. Thus, the spindle position checkpoint may monitor such interactions.
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Vas, Stephen, Joanne Bargman, and Dimitrios G. Oreopoulos. "Treatment in Pd Patients of Peritonitis Caused by Gram-Positive Organisms with Single Daily Dose of Antibiotics." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 17, no. 1 (January 1997): 91–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686089701700121.

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This study was a retrospective case analysis of treatment results of peritonitis in PD patients caused by gram-positive organisms in two different but comparable periods. Cases were entered, regardless of status of exit site, or whether it was the patient's first or subsequent peritonitis episode. Failure was defined as either recurrence of peritonitis (with same organism within four weeks of cessation of treatment) or the therapeutic decision to remove the catheter. Cefazolin used in doses of 1.5 g once a day intraperitoneally (1.0 g if body weight was < 50 kg) with initial tobramycin until culture results became available resulted in a 77% overall cure rate compared to 74% cure in a similar group treated with vancomycin 2.0 g IP weekly (1.0 g if body weight < 50 kg). Peritonitis caused by methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci showed a high failure rate; the change to vancomycin after the initial treatment of these cases would be justified. The cure rate of peritonitis caused by S. aureus is disappointingly low (58% with vancomycin, 67% with cefazolin). This is due to the high rate of exit-site infections with this organism.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "G-EXIN"

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Muniz, Junior Jos? Claudio Bezerra. "Exig?ncia em lisina digest?vel para til?pias-do-Nilo de 500 a 600 g de peso vivo." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2015. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1669.

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
The determination of digestible lysine requirements for Nile tilapia is essential to adjust the correct balance of amino acids in it?s food. Lysine is the amino acid reference for studies in ideal protein, which is currently an important concept in animal nutrition once it allows a reduction in the protein amount of the diet without compromising performance, and furthermore reducing the nitrogen excretion and eutrophication risks of the water. This study aimed to determine the digestible lysine requirement for Nile tilapia in the final phase of growth (500 to 600 g of body weight). Isocaloric and isoproteic experimental diets were utilized with different levels of digestible lysine in each formulation. The amounts of L-lysine HCl 78% used were 0.000; 0.388; 0.776; 1.164, and 1.552% replacing the ingredient glutamic acid 99%; which adjust the treatments to 0.932; 1.23; 1.53; 1.83, and 2.14% of digestible lysine. Nile tilapia weighing 519 g making a sum of 300 animals were utilized in this experiment. They were distributed in 25 water tanks each one measuring a 1000 liters using a renewable system of water. The pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, salinity and conductivity were monitored daily and ammonia was measured weekly. Slaughters happened when fishes reached 28 and 50 days counting from the beginning of the experiment. The following animal science aspects were evaluated at the end: weight gain (WG), daily weight gain ratio (DWGR), specific growth rate (SGR), food intake (FI), consumption of digestible lysine (CDL), food conversion (FC) protein efficiency gain (PEG), lysine efficiency gain (LEG), nitrogen retention efficiency (NRE), protein deposition rate (PDR), Daily fat deposition rate (DFDR), protein retention efficiency (PRE), and survival rate (SR). The data was interpreted by analysis of variance with 5% probability. There was quadratic effect for GP, CA, TCE, ELG, EPG. The estimated value of lysine for both the largest GP and the best CA is 1.31% digestible lysine. There was no significant differency regarding the food intake, carcass or filet characteristics. This result is in part due to the fact of the gain being proportional throughout the body of the fish. In the second slaughter were obtained quadratic effect in the ether extract and carcass moisture. The Nile tilapia in the weight range of 500 to 600 grams of body weight presents the requirement for 1.31% of digestible lysine, corresponding to 5.31% of digestible dietary protein and 0.431% per Mcal of digestible energy for greater weight gain and better food conversion in it?s experiment conditions
A determina??o da exig?ncia de lisina para a til?pia-do-Nilo ? importante para a elabora??o de ra??es com adequado balanceamento de amino?cidos. A lisina ? o amino?cido refer?ncia nos estudos de prote?na ideal, um conceito relevante atualmente uma vez que permite a redu??o na quantidade de prote?na da ra??o sem comprometimento do desempenho, diminuindo ainda a excre??o de nitrog?nio para a ?gua e o risco de eutrofiza??o. O presente trabalho objetivou determinar a exig?ncia em lisina digest?vel para a til?pia-do-Nilo na fase de 500 a 600 g de peso vivo. Foram utilizadas dietas experimentais que consistiram em ra??es isocal?ricas, isoproteicas e com valores crescentes de lisina digest?vel. A L-lisina HCl 78% foi utilizada com valores crescentes (0,000; 0,388; 0,776; 1,164 e 1,552%), em substitui??o ao ingrediente ?cido glut?mico (99%), perfazendo os tratamentos com 0,932; 1,23; 1,53; 1,83 e 2,13% de lisina digest?vel. Foram utilizadas 300 til?pias-do-Nilo com peso m?dio de 519 g e distribu?dos em 25 caixas d??gua de 1000 L em sistema aberto de circula??o de ?gua. O pH, oxig?nio dissolvido, temperatura, salinidade e condutividade da ?gua foram monitorados diariamente e a am?nia foi medida semanalmente. Foram realizados 2 abates, aos 28 dias e aos 50 dias de experimento. Foram avaliados os seguintes ?ndices zoot?cnicos: ganho de peso (GP), ganho de peso di?rio (GPD), taxa de crescimento espec?fico (TCE), ingest?o alimentar (IA), consumo de lisina digest?vel (CLD), convers?o alimentar (CA), efici?ncia proteica para ganho (EPG), efici?ncia de lisina para ganho (ELG), efici?ncia de reten??o de nitrog?nio (ERN), taxa de deposi??o de prote?na (TDP), taxa de deposi??o di?ria de gordura (TDG), efici?ncia de reten??o de prote?na (ERP) e taxa de sobreviv?ncia (TS). Os dados foram interpretados por meio de an?lise de vari?ncia a 5% de probabilidade. Houve efeito quadr?tico para GP, CA, TCE, ELG, EPG, sendo o valor estimado de lisina tanto para o maior GP quanto para a melhor CA de 1,31% de lisina digest?vel. N?o houve diferen?a significativa para o consumo de ra??o, rendimento de carca?a, rendimento de fil?, caracter?sticas da carca?a e do fil?. Esses resultados se devem em parte ao fato do ganho ter sido proporcional em todo o corpo do peixe. No segundo abate houve efeito quadr?tico no extrato et?reo e na umidade da carca?a. A Til?pia-do-Nilo na faixa de peso de 500 a 600 gramas de peso vivo apresenta a exig?ncia de 1,31% de lisina digest?vel, que corresponde a 5,31% da prote?na digest?vel da dieta e a 0,431%/Mcal de energia digest?vel para o maior ganho de peso e melhor convers?o alimentar nas condi??es deste experimento.
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Kříž, Jonáš. "Proponenti samostatného Československa v angloamerickém tisku mezi lety 1914 - 1918." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-435504.

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The thesis analyses the reflection of the Czechoslovak freedom movement within the English and American daily press during the World War I (1914 - 1918). In its theoretical part the thesis provides the chronological framework of the Czechoslovak movement and discusses its main challenges as well as essential milestones and achievements. It also introduces the reader to the most popular theoretical concepts regarding the idea of the Czech national independence existing at the brink of the war. With regard to the historical perspective the thesis also elaborates on the development and timeline of Masaryk's exile endeavour as well as personal relations, the latter contributing greatly in promoting the Czechoslovak cause abroad. In its analytical part the thesis deals with the sample of media articles related to the issue of Czechoslovaks and their pursuits. Using the qualitative approach it reconstructs the media frameworks through which the theme of the Czechoslovaks was presented and interpreted in a variety of British and American dailies during the Great War. Besides the daily press it also builds its findings upon the historical literature, archival documents and correspondence. Focusing on the identified media frameworks the thesis strives to identify themes, ideas, concepts and arguments that...
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Zelenková, Alena. "Od lingvistických anomálií k subverzi moci: Narušování jazyka moci a vyjádření vykořeněnosti skrze střídání a míšení jazyků v literatuře." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-352561.

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This thesis explores literary code-switching, i.e. multilingual aspects within a single speech, as a key polyphonic structural element in the selected works. First, it analyzes Gloria Anzaldúa's Borderlands: The New Mestiza = La Frontera (1987) as a work, where the author seeks to establish a literary tradition that would reflect the life in borderlands and the given community through a new language. Secondly, the language of photography and multilingual speech patterns in W. G. Sebald's The Emigrants (1992) are considered as vital elements of the authenticity play. The following chapter deals with Franz Kafka's short stories, where gestures form an essential part of, if not the whole stories, and determine the fragmentary nature of such writing. Finally, the importance of language of power, the discourse of social realism altogether with their emergence into private and intimate discussions through repetitions and variations is commented upon in Václav Havel's play The Garden Party (1963).
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Books on the topic "G-EXIN"

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Wake, Landon, and Korey L. Ward. G P S: Murder Next Exit. Createspace Independent Publishing Platform, 2017.

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NA. Wordsmith: Ess Coll Engl& FL Exit Tst S/G Pk. Addison Wesley Longman, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "G-EXIN"

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"H2(g) Raceway Exit Gas Proof." In Blast Furnace Ironmaking, 689–91. Elsevier, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-814227-1.00076-2.

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Ingram, Keith T. "Drought-Related Characteristics of Important Cereal Crops." In Monitoring and Predicting Agricultural Drought. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195162349.003.0008.

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Humans cultivate more than 200 species of plants, but this chapter reviews responses of 5 important cereal crops to drought. These crops are maize (Zea mays L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum and Triticum turgidum L. var. durum), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench), and pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum [L.] R. Br), which provide the majority of food in the world. In general, farmers cultivate millet in the most drought-prone environments and sorghum where a short growing season is the greatest constraint to production. Some sorghum cultivars set grain in as short as 50–60 days (Roncoli et al., 2001). Rice is grown under a wide range of environments, from tropical to temperate zones, from deep water-flooded zones to nonflooded uplands. Rice productivity is limited mostly by water (IRRI, 2002). Drought limits, to a varying extent, the productivity of all of these crops. Although water is likely the most important manageable limit to food production worldwide, we should recognize that water management cannot be isolated from nutrient, crop, and pest management. Life on earth depends on green plants, which capture solar energy and store chemical energy by the process of photosynthesis. Although plants use a small amount of water in the reactions of photosynthesis and retain small amounts of water in plant tissues, as much as 99% of the water that plants take up is lost through transpiration (i.e., gaseous water transport through the stomata of leaves). Stomata, which are small pores on leaf surfaces, must open to allow carbon dioxide to enter leaf tissues for photosynthesis and plant growth, but open stomata also allow water to escape. In addition to transpiration, there are several other avenues of water loss from a crop system. Water may exit the crop system by evaporation from the soil, transpiration of weeds, deep drainage beyond the root zone, lateral flow beneath the soil surface, or runoff. We can sum the daily additions and losses of water to form a water balance equation: . . . S = G + P + I − E − T − Tw − D − L − R [2.1] . . .
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"coating layer itself, an d at the interface between the coating and the substrate, causes instant fracturing and separation of coating material from the surface. In general, if a coating or contaminant is CHEMICALLY bonded to a surface, dry ice particle blasting will NOT effectively remove the coating. If the bond is PHYSICAL o r MECHANICAL in nature, such as a coating of rubber residue which is "anchored" into the porous surface of an aluminum casting, then there is a good chance that dr y ice blasting will work. Contaminants which are etched, or stained into the surfaces of metals, ceramics, plastics, or other materials typically cannot be removed with dry ice blasting. If the surface of the substrate is extremely porous or rough, providing strong mechanical "anchoring" for the contaminant or coating, dr y ice blasting may not be able to remove all of the coating, or the rate of removal may be too slow to allow dry ice blasting to be cost effective. The classic example of a contaminant that does NOT respond to dry ice blast-ing is RUST. Rust is both chemically and strongly mechanically bonded to steel substrate. Advanced stages of rust must be "chiseled" away with abrasive sand blasting. Only the thin film of powderized "flash" rust on a fresh steel surface can be effectively removed with dry ice blasting. 4.2.1.1. Inductio n (venturi) and direct acceleration blast systems - the effect of the typ e of system on available kinetic energy In a two-hose induction (venturi) carbon dioxide blastin g system, the medium particles are moved from the hopper to the "gun" chamber by suction, where they drop to a very low velocity before being induced into the outflow of the nozzle by a large flow volume of compressed air. Some more advanced two-hose systems employ a small positive pressure to the pellet delivery hose. In any type of two-hose system, since the blast medium particles have only a short distance in which to gain momentum and accelerate to the nozzle exit (usually only 200 to 300 mm), the final particle average velocity is limited to between 60 and 120 meters per second. So, in general, two-hose systems, although not so costly, are limited in their ability to deliver contaminant removal kinetic energy to the surface to be cleaned. When more blasting energy is required, these systems must be "boosted" a t the expense of much more air volume required, and higher blast pressure is re-quired as well, with much more nozzle back thrust, and very much more blast noise generated at the nozzle exit plane. The other type of solid carbon dioxide medium blasting system is like the "pressurized pot" abrasive blasting system common in the sand blasting and Plas-ti c Media Blasting industries. These systems use a single delivery hose from the hopper to the "nozzle" applicator in which both the medium particles and the compressed air travel. These systems are more complex and a little more costly than the inductive two-hose systems, but the advantages gained greatly outweigh the extra initial expense. In a single-hose solid carbon dioxide particle blasting system, sometimes referred to as a "direct acceleration " system, the medium is introduced from the hopper into a single, pre-pressurized blast hose through a sealed airlock feeder. The particles begin their acceleration and velocity increase." In Surface Contamination and Cleaning, 162–63. CRC Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9789047403289-25.

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Conference papers on the topic "G-EXIN"

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Randazzo, Vincenzo, Giansalvo Cirrincione, Gabriele Ciravegna, and Eros Pasero. "Nonstationary topological learning with bridges and convex polytopes: the G-EXIN neural network." In 2018 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2018.8489186.

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Kamada, Kohei, Tsutomu Kobayashi, Taro Kunimitsu, Masahide Yamaguchi, and Jun’ichi Yokoyama. "A Solution to the Graceful Exit Problem in Higgs G-Inflation." In Proceedings of the 12th Asia Pacific Physics Conference (APPC12). Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.7566/jpscp.1.013113.

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El-Genk, Mohamed S., and Jean-Michel Tournier. "Performance Comparison of VHTR Plants With Direct and Indirect Energy Conversion Cycles." In Fourth International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/htr2008-58276.

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This paper compared the performance of very high temperature reactor (VHTR) plants with direct and indirect closed Brayton Cycles (CBCs) and investigated the effect of the molecular weight of the CBC working fluid on the number of stages in and the size of the single shaft turbomachines. The CBC working fluids considered are helium (4 g/mole) and He-Xe and He-N2 binary mixtures (15 g/mole). Also investigated are the effects of using LPC and HPC with inter-cooling, cooling the reactor pressure vessel with He bled off at the exit of the compressor, and changing the reactor exit temperature from 700°C to 950°C on the plant thermal efficiency, CBC pressure ratio and the number of stages in and size of the turbo-machines. Analyses are performed for reactor thermal power of 600 MW, shaft rotation speed of 3000 rpm, and IHX temperature pinch of 50 °C.
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4

Chen, Junhua, Mark G. Mitchell, and John G. Nourse. "Development of Ultra-Low Emission Liquid Fuel-Fired Microturbine Engines for Vehicular Heavy Duty Applications." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-60257.

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Worldwide regulations currently set very stringent emissions standards for new on-road heavy-duty diesel engines (HDDE’s). For example, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the California Air Resources Board (CARB) require 2010 and subsequent HDDE and vehicles to emit less than 0.2 g/bhp-hr (0.27 g/kW-hr) NOx and 5.0 g/bhp-hr (6.7 g/kW-hr) CO in addition to other strictly regulated pollutants. Diesel or biodiesel fired Microturbine engines are in use in hybrid electric vehicular (HEV) urban bus applications because of their extremely low emissions. In Capstone’s model years 2001 through 2003, liquid fueled gas turbines were certified by CARB for on-road heavy duty engine use, including urban bus applications. The engines achieved a low emission level of 0.7 g/hp-hr (0.94 g/kW-hr) NOx, 0.2 g/hp-hr (0.27 g/kW-hr) CO and 0.01 g/hp-hr (0.013 g/kW-hr) PM, which met emissions compliance levels for EPA and CARB regulations until 2010. To meet the upcoming 2010 EPA and CARB HDDE regulations, continuous research and development efforts have been taken at Capstone Turbine Corporation for its C30 family engines to further reduce the criteria pollutant emissions. Pollutant emissions were measured and analyzed for a Capstone C30 engine using ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD) and five other opportunity fuels to obtain their actual cycle emissions for a typical New York City M60 route. By injector modification alone, the C30 engine was able to achieve 62% reduction in NOx emission. Additionally, an adjustment of turbine exit temperature was able to further reduce NOx. It was predicted that the liquid-fueled C30 engines would be able to demonstrate the compliance to the 2010 EPA/CARB new ultra-low emission standards.
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5

Stephens, Julia E., Thomas Corke, and Scott C. Morris. "Turbine Blade Tip Leakage Flow Control: Thick/Thin Blade Effects and Separation Line Studies." In ASME Turbo Expo 2008: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2008-50705.

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An experiment was conducted in a linear cascade of Pratt and Whitney Pak-B turbine blades for an exit Mach number of 0.3 to simulate the flow in the tip-gap region of a low pressure turbine blade row. The experiment focused on the independent effects of thickness-to-gap (t/g) and gap-to-chord (g/c) ratios on the tip-gap flow behavior. Two extreme g/c ratios of 5% and 8% were chosen, for which four tip t/g ratios were simulated using pressure-side winglets. The flow was documented through blade-tip and end-wall static pressure measurements, and downstream total pressure loss coefficients. Additionally, surface flow visualization was performed on the blade tip end for a greater understanding of the gap-flow behavior. The response of the flow to passive flow control using a partial suction-side squealer tip at each of the t/g and g/c cases was documented. The intention was to examine any sensitivity of the flow to the g/c ratio that might be attributed to the t/g ratio in a manner that can be categorized as “thick” or “thin” blade behavior. For this, the focus was on possible changes in the size and location of separation and reattachment lines on the blade tip end. The results presented in this paper indicate that the behavior of the flow in the tip-gap region of a linear cascade turbine blade depend both on t/g and the g/c ratios. Downstream loss coefficients generally decreased with increasing t/g for the 5% g/c case, while they were relatively steady with a slight increase with increasing t/g for the 8% g/c case. The squealer reduced pressure loss coefficient for both g/c cases. It was seen to have a peak effectiveness at t/g of about 3.7 for the 5% g/c case, and at t/g of 3.3 for the 8% g/c case, with diminishing effectiveness at larger t/g ratios. Blade loading showed similar dependence on both g/c and t/g. For the baseline flat-tip case, the tip loading initially decreased with increasing t/g up to about 3.5. For values greater than 3.5, the tip loading increased slightly. The addition of the squealer tip increased the tip loading for all of the t/g ratios at the 5% g/c ratio. The trend with t/g generally followed that of the baseline flat-tip case. However, for the 8% g/c case, the blade loading increased almost linearly with increasing t/g, and the squealer increased loading at the smallest t/g but decreased loading for all other t/g cases investigated. In all cases regardless of the t/g, the surface flow visualization revealed a well defined separation and reattachment region. However, the chordwise location of the start of the separation moved toward the trailing edge with increasing t/g and, independently, with increasing g/c. Therefore, no “thick” or “thin” blade regimes were found, and flow characteristics were determined to depend on both g/c and t/g ratios.
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Jenks, Jeromy, and Vinod Narayanan. "An Experimental Study of Ammonia-Water Bubble Absorption in a Large Aspect Ratio Microchannel." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14036.

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An experimental study of absorption of ammonia into a constrained thin film of ammonia-water solution is presented. A large aspect ratio microchannel with one of its walls formed by a porous material is used to constrain the thickness of the liquid film. An exit visualization section was used to confirm absorption of ammonia gas within the microchannel. Experiments were performed at a pressure of 1 bar and a fixed inlet temperature of the weak solution, for weak solution flow rates from 10 to 30 g/min, inlet mass concentrations from 0 to 15 percent, and gas flow rates between 1 and 3 g/min. Results indicate that the overall heat transfer coefficient changes little for lower inlet weak solution concentrations and for lower gas flow rates, but increases noticeably for a higher solution and gas flow rate. The solution side log-mean temperature distribution increases with an increase in inlet solution concentration. Absorber exit visualization revealed the presence of periodic ammonia bubbles, occurring in varying sizes and periods, indicating that improvements to the current design are necessary to ensure complete absorption within the microchannel.
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Thornburg, Hugh J., Balu Sekar, Joseph Zelina, Charlie Lin, and Richard Holder. "Prediction of Inter-Turbine Burner (ITB) Performance With Curved Radial Vane Cavity at Various Equivalence Ratios." In ASME Turbo Expo 2008: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2008-50192.

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The combustion processes present in modern propulsion systems exhibit very complex turbulent chemically reacting unsteady multiphase flow with fuel spray evaporation and heat and mass transfer. The understanding and design of such systems represents a challenging research area. Ultra-short compact, high performance combustion systems are desirable for advanced propulsion systems. AFRL has proposed placing an Ultra-Compact Combustor (UCC) between a high pressure turbine stage and low pressure turbine stage, to create an innovative Inter-Turbine Burner (ITB) concept. This analysis focuses on ITB combustor technologies that can enable the development of compact, high-performance combustion systems. Compact combustors weigh less and require less volume for space-limited turbine engine aero applications. For turbulent conditions flame speed is directly proportional to the square root of G and high G flames exhibit increased flame speeds, which can aid in the design of shorter combustion systems. This paper presents the Ultra-Compact Combustor (UCC), a novel design based on a high G flame driven by high swirl in a circumferential cavity (CC) utilized to enhance mixing rates via high G-loading on the order of 3000 G’s within the CC. Flow field predictions utilizing FLUENT are presented for the UCC-ITB for a variety of operating conditions: (1) the addition of curved Radial Vanes (CRV) in the combustor flow path, (2) a comparison performance of the combustor at various fuel/air ratios. The effect of various equivalence ratios on the resulting G load distribution, predicted total pressure loss, the entrainment and the calculated exit temperature profile are discussed. The analysis and comparison with available rig test data supplements the understanding of the design space required for future engine designs that may use these novel, compact, high-G combustion systems.
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Ortmann, Peter, and George Gyarmathy. "On Calculation and Optimization of Energy Systems." In ASME 1996 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-gt-394.

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Most modern plants offer a variety of control methods which can be used one-by-one or in combination. For instance, in case of CC plants, control methods can comprise e. g. fuel control, adjustable compressor guide vanes and various feed preheat options. For the actual part-load operation the knowledge of optimum combinations is of great interest. A computer code based on standard mathematical optimization tools for large non-linear systems of equations has been developed and tested on various gas-turbine and CC power plant configurations. The code can be employed to plants of almost any level of complexity and to any particular plant layout. The range of control action is always limited by technological constraints imposed by mechanical, thermal, chemical or other limits and prescribed by the equipment manufacturer. The optimization code has been devised to respect an arbitrary number of such conditions as e. g. flue gas temperature, steam turbine moisture, gas turbine exit temperature and the like. Such limits and operating instructions concerning the observance of certain parameter ranges (e. g. limits prescribed for sake of life-cycle extension) can be introduced into the optimization procedure.
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9

Briones, Alejandro M., Dave L. Burrus, Timothy J. Erdmann, and Dale T. Shouse. "Effect of Centrifugal Force on the Performance of High-G Ultra Compact Combustor." In ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2015-43445.

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A numerical investigation of reacting flows in an advanced high-g cavity (HGC), Ultra-Compact Combustor (UCC) concept is conducted. The high-g cavity UCC (UCC-HGC) design uses high swirl in a circumferential cavity (CC) wrapped around a main stream annular flow. The high swirl is generated through angled CC driver jets. This centrifugal force is varied by changing the CC-to-core air mass flow ratio (ṁcc/ṁcore) and jet inclination angle (αjet) relative to the cavity ring surface, while maintaining the global equivalence ratio (ϕGlobal) constant. Steady, rotational periodic, 3D simulations are performed following a multiphase, Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS), and non-premixed flamelet/progress variable (FPV) approach using a customized FLUENT. Results indicate that under non-reacting flow conditions the driver jets impose a very strong bulk swirl flow within the CC and the mainstream flow does not entrain into the CC. Thus, the maximum g-load is primarily sensitive to ṁcc/ṁcore and secondarily to αjet. However, the g-loads become increasingly more sensitive to the latter at greater ṁcc/ṁcore. Now, under reacting flow conditions, the flame interacts with the flow and the bulk swirl flow is diminished at low ṁcc/ṁcore, while boosted at high ṁcc/ṁcore. The former happens because the flame deflects the incoming driver jet flow, enhancing radial and axial velocity components (through thermal expansion), while diminishing the tangential flow velocity. This, in turn, weakens the g-loads within the CC to below its design g-load operation. On the other hand, at high ṁcc/ṁcore and small αjet the flame is perpendicular to the bulk swirl flow, accelerating the flow tangential velocity and enhancing g-loads above its design operation. Qualitatively, the more and hotter the flame that can be sustained within the CC the shorter the flame length. The converse is also true. Flame length does not appear to be strongly influenced by ṁcc/ṁcore and αjet. Even though g-loads appear to enhance reaction progress variable source (SC) and, consequently, turbulent flame speed, through turbulence this does not necessarily mean that the turbulent flame speed under g-loads is various factors greater than its corresponding turbulent flame speed under 0g’s. As the ṁcc/ṁcore increases the center-peaked radial temperature profile at intermediate αjet starts to deteriorate, whereas the radial temperature profile at low αjet improves. For high αjet, increasing ṁcc/ṁcore has no substantial effect on the exit radial temperature profiles.
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Liu, Tanya, Farzad Houshmand, Catherine Gorle, Sebastian Scholl, Hyoungsoon Lee, Yoonjin Won, Mehdi Asheghi, Kenneth Goodson, Hooman Kazemi, and Kenneth Vanhille. "Full Scale Simulation of an Integrated Monolithic Heat Sink for Thermal Management of a High Power Density GaN-SiC Chip." In ASME 2015 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems collocated with the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2015-48592.

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Advances in manufacturing techniques are inspiring the design of novel integrated microscale thermal cooling devices seeking to push the limits of current thermal management solutions in high heat flux applications. These advanced cooling technologies can be used to improve the performance of high power density electronics such as GaN-based RF power amplifiers. However, their optimal design requires careful analysis of the combined effects of conduction and convection. Many numerical simulations and optimization studies have been performed for single cell models of microchannel heat sinks, but these simulations do not provide insight into the flow and heat transfer through the entire device. This study therefore presents the results of conjugate heat transfer CFD simulations for a complex copper monolithic heat sink integrated with a 100 micron thick, 5 mm by 1 mm high power density GaN-SiC chip. The computational model (13 million cells) represents both the chip and the heat sink, which consists of multiple inlets and outlets for fluid entry and exit, delivery and collection manifold systems, and an array of fins that form rectangular microchannels. Total chip powers of up to 150 W at the GaN gates were considered, and a quarter of the device was modeled for total inlet mass flow rates of 1.44 g/s and 1.8 g/s (0.36 g/s and 0.45 g/s for the quarter device), corresponding to laminar flow at Reynolds numbers between 19.5 and 119.3. It was observed that the mass flow rates through individual microchannels in the device vary by up to 45%, depending on the inlet/outlet locations and pressure drop in the manifolds. The results demonstrate that full device simulations provide valuable insight into the multiple parameters that affect cooling performance.
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