Journal articles: 'G+7 BUILDING'

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Baikhan, Sairam, K. Lakshmi Shiva Priya, N. V. N. Santhoshi Srija, CH Nikhil Kumar, and G. Sri Nath. "Experimental Investigation of (G+7) Building Using Viscous Dampers." Emperor Journal of Applied Scientific Research 02, no. 09 (2020): 01–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.35338/ejasr.2020.2901.

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Patel, Meet, Nirmal Mehta, and Arjun Butala. "Comparative Study of G+7 Storey Residential Building in Seismic Zone 5." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 7 (July 31, 2022): 1453–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45462.

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Abstract: The important objective of Structural engineers is to design and build a structure in such a way that damage to the structure and its structural component during the earthquake is minimize. This report aims towards the Seismic analysis of a multi- storey RCC building with symmetrical configuration. For the analysis purpose model of seven storey RCC with symmetrical floor plan is consider. Seismic Zone 5 is considering for this Research work. The analysis is carried by using Seismic Coefficient Method & Response Spectrum Analysis. Seismic Coefficient Method is a part of a Linear Static Method, where Response Spectrum Analysis is a part of a Linear Dynamic Method. E-TABS Software are used for the Analysis work. For this study, Two Models are prepared. (1) G+7 Residential Building with Columns & (2) G+7 Residential Building with Shear Walls. Various response parameters such as Story Displacement, Story Drift, Time Period and Story Stiffness can be determined. Above all factors are comprised between two models. The main parameters of the seismic analysis of structures are load carrying capacity, ductility, stiffness, damping and mass.

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Kumbhare, Samiksha. "Seismic Analysis of Multistorey (G+7) Building using Staad-Pro and Manually." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 7, no. 4 (April 30, 2019): 1287–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2019.4231.

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Shinde Sanket and Vaibhav Shelar. "Behavior of Flood Resistant Building and Ductile Detailing of G +7 RC Building Using IS 13920-2016." World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2023): 182–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2023.9.1.0158.

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Floods are one of the most widespread and destructive natural disasters occurring in the world and with the increase in constructions along river courses and concentration of population around floodplain areas, flood-induced damages have been continuously increasing. The annual disaster record reveals that flood occurrence increased about ten folds over the past five decades. Thus, floods are posing a great threat and challenge to planers, design engineers, insurance industries, policymakers, and to the governments. Structural and non-structural measures can be used to deal with floods. Structural measures include a set of works aiming to reduce one or more hydraulic parameters like runoff volume, peak discharge, rise in water level, duration of flood, flow velocity, etc. Non-structural measures involve a wide range of measures to reduce flood risk through flood forecasting and early warning systems, emergency plans, and posing land use regulations and policies. The futuristic reinforced concrete buildings can be considered as a symbol of modern civilization. These buildings are usually constructed based on the guide lines given by the standard code books(like IS: 456:2000 and IS 13920:2016).Unfortunately, the code provisions consider the seismic loads and wind effects alone, while accounting the dead and live design loads, and exclude the flood loads. This implies the necessity to bring out corrective measures that can be adopted to reduce vulnerability before harm occurrences. In this project focuses on both the incorporation of flood loads during the analysis and design in CSI-ETABS software and the assessment of flood vulnerability of reinforced concrete residential buildings. Vulnerability is expressed as a fraction of ground floor height and maximum flood level at most immerse the building up to ground floor and first floor level. The importance of the outcome arises from the need of a strengthening solution to avoid failure of new or existing structures during floods.

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Seela, Frank, and Karin Mersmann. "7-Deazaguanosine: Synthesis of an oligorbonucleotide building block and disaggregation of the U-G-G-G-G-U G4 structure by the modified base." Helvetica Chimica Acta 76, no. 4 (June 30, 1993): 1435–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19930760404.

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Harmathy, Norbert. "Energy Performance Estimation of ASHRAE 90.1 App. G System 7 VAV with Reheat using Dynamic B-SIM." E3S Web of Conferences 135 (2019): 03078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913503078.

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The research presents an energy strategy during the design process using advanced energy performance simulation technology. Team coordination and building performance efficiency during the design process is aided by conducting a performance based assessment with comprehensive fully incorporated design, construction, energy, HVAC and annual building operation. Performance based decision making is demonstrated through an office building complex. The engineering decisions were based on performance enhancement and overall energy demand reduction, which was evaluated on an annual basis. The building envelope’s dominant curtain wall system was analyzed in detail in order to demonstrate qualitative energy performance improvement. ASHRAE 90.1 App. G System 7 VAV with reheat HVAC’s annual energy performance was estimated and evaluated from the aspect of end-use energy which is usually the baseline system for achieving LEED energy performance credits.

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Shekh, Imam Usman, and Pallavi Vangari. "Analysis, Design and Estimation of G +7 Storey Building Structure By Using Is Code Methods and By Using Softwares." Journal of Advances and Scholarly Researches in Allied Education 15, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 570–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.29070/15/56899.

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SEELA, F., and K. MERSMANN. "ChemInform Abstract: 7-Deazaguanosine: Synthesis of an Oligoribonucleotide Building Block and Disaggregation of the U-G-G-G-G-U G4 Structure by the Modified Base." ChemInform 25, no. 19 (August 19, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199419273.

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Kene, Piyush. "A Comparative Study on Analysis of a Conventional Multi-Storey Building & a Monocolumn Building." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 30, 2021): 3851–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35964.

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The comparative study on analysis of RCC Frame structure supported on a single column and multi-column is done in this project. Cost comparison , Ground space comparison is done between RCC single column and RCC multi column structure .This paper presents structural modelling, stress, bending moment, shear force and displacement, deflection design considerations for a structure and it is analysed using STAAD-Pro. Various steps involved in designing of RCC Frame structure supported on a single column and multi-column by using software are Geometric Modelling, providing material properties and sectional Properties, fixing supports and boundary Conditions, providing loads & load combinations, Special Commands, Analysis Specification , Design Command and Report. The influence of plan geometry has an important role in static analysis. Maximum values of stresses, bending moments, shear forces and displacements and deflection are presented. The acting loads considered in the present analysis were dead load, Live load, floor load, and wind load. The project is to planning & analysis by using software for a multi storied building and single column building of G+3, G+7, G+15 floors. The design is done by taking in to account the requirements and standards recommended by IS code and national building rules.

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Prajapati, Shivam. "“Analysis of Seismic Behaviours of RC Frame Structure With Bracing System and Without Bracing System”." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 1614–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.43868.

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Abstract: This work time history analysis is carried out for G+23 storey steel frame building with different pattern of bracing system. The member property of beams 300mm X 400mm and columns 300mm X 500mm and ISLB250 sections are used to compare for same patterns of beam, column and bracings. A software package ETABS SOFTWARE is using for the analysis of steel buildings and different parameters are compared. The property of the section is used as IS 456:2016 and per IS 800:2007 which is analysis for various types of bracings like X, V, inverted V, Eccen Forward, Eccen Back and without bracing and Performance of each frame is carried out and studied the comparatively through Response Spectrum Method as per IS:1893:2016. In this study model a G+23 with Square Shape building Plan 52m X 52m, height of each floor is 3.2m and Structure in Etabs software by Response Spectrum Method and Analysis the Earthquake analysis of the Structure in seismic zones III with soil Medium conditions. Parameter Using:Type of Building: RC buildings with and without Steel Bracing System Number of Floors: G+23 (Square Shape Building)Section Property: Beam size 300X400mm, Column size 300X500mm, and ISLB250 sections. Seismic Zone- III, Soil Site factor 2 for Medium Soil, Damping = 5% (as per table-3 clause 6.4.2), Zone factor for zone III, Z=0.16), Importance Factor I=1.5 (Important structure as per Table-6), Response Reduction Factor R=5 for Special steel moment resisting frame Table-7), Sa/g= Average acceleration coefficient (depend on Natural fundamental period)Grade of concrete is considered M25, Grade of Rebar is considered Fe-415, Grade of Steel –Fe-345,Dead Load for Wall = (3.2-0.4) X 0.23X20= 12.88 KN/m

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Hu, Benlin, Miaomiao Li, Wangqiao Chen, Xiangjian Wan, Yongsheng Chen, and Qichun Zhang. "Novel donor–acceptor polymers based on 7-perfluorophenyl-6H-[1,2,5]thiadiazole[3,4-g]benzoimidazole for bulk heterojunction solar cells." RSC Advances 5, no. 62 (2015): 50137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra05849j.

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Charan, Rajshree, and Alpesh Patel. "Seismic Response Of Multi-storey Building Using Artificial Neural Network." Proceedings of the 12th Structural Engineering Convention, SEC 2022: Themes 1-2 1, no. 1 (December 19, 2022): 1069–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.38208/acp.v1.622.

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The different parameters like base shear, drift, and top storey displacement of G+7 building is evaluated by using time history analysis and response spectrum analysis for the purpose of comparative study of both the analyses using MATLAB and an artificial neural network (ANN). The main objective of present work is to analyse earthquake of different locations like Bhuj, Kobe, Victoria and Elecentro, for time history analysis building is not connected with actuator and it is analysed during seismic motion of building using a MATLAB software. Base shear, drift and top storey displacement is evaluated during this analysis. For response spectrum analysis, first building relates to actuator at top floor. And during seismic motion of building different parameters like base shear, drift and top floor displacement are evaluated using MATLAB software and for evaluation of control force of a design actuator artificial neural network (ANN) is used. From time history analysis, response spectrum analysis test results and graphs for G+7 building it is clear that, when actuator is not connected with building it does not dissipate the energy of seismic motion and base shear of building , drift , and top floor displacement is very high, and in second case when building is connected with actuator at optimal place it gives considerable response during seismic motion of building and base shear of building, drift, and top floor displacement are can considerably reduce using control actuator system.

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L, Subhashini. "Seismic Analysis of Multistorey Floating Column Building with Lateral Load Resisting System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 7 (July 31, 2022): 922–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45386.

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Abstract: The primary object of the review is to know the way behaving of multistory building with floating column as for the shear wall and bracings under seismic power for various zone i.e zone 3, zone 4, zone 5. The review is done for G+7 building utilizing ETABS programming. Contrasting the outcome got in various cases and closing which kind of system provides more effectiveness

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Aleshin, Vladimir, and Vadim Seleznev. "Numerical Structural Analysis of NPP Reinforced Concrete Structures Under Seismic Loading / Numeryczna Analiza Strukturalna Żelbetowych Konstrukcji Elektrowni Jądrowych W Warunkach Obciążeń Sejsmicznych." Journal of KONBiN 23, no. 1 (September 1, 2012): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jok-2013-0036.

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Abstract The paper describes an approach to the numerical analysis of response of nuclear power plant buildings including soil-structure interaction effects. A reinforced concrete structure of an NPP reactor building under operating and seismic loadings is considered. The simulated seismic load corresponds to a maximum designed earthquake of magnitude 7 (the peak ground surface acceleration is 0.12 g). The numerical analysis was performed by the finite element method in a 3D nonlinear statement using the FEM-programs ANSYS and LS-DYNA. Review of the numerical analysis results demonstrated that the presented technique can be successfully applied to seismic design of NPP structures.

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Otani, Shunsuke. "A Japanese View of the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake Disaster." Earthquake Spectra 22, no. 2_suppl (April 2006): 183–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.2185647.

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During the period from 20 May to 26 June 1906, Professor Toshikata Sano of the Imperial University of Tokyo investigated the building damage caused by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire disaster. The main findings of Sano's investigation were (1) the number of casualties was deliberately reported smaller than it was known to be by the local government, (2) the fire disaster was extensive in San Francisco, (3) the damage to buildings in San Francisco was more severe in the reclaimed land than on the hills, (4) the intensity of ground shaking was estimated to be 0.1 g on the hills and 0.25 g in the reclaimed land in San Francisco, (5) the performance of steel structures was generally good under shaking, (6) the performance of the two reinforced concrete buildings in San Francisco was good, and (7) the failure of brick and masonry construction was attributed to poor material quality and workmanship.

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Han, Sunghyu. "MDS Self-Dual Codes and Antiorthogonal Matrices over Galois Rings." Information 10, no. 4 (April 25, 2019): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info10040153.

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In this study, we explore maximum distance separable (MDS) self-dual codes over Galois rings G R ( p m , r ) with p ≡ − 1 ( mod 4 ) and odd r. Using the building-up construction, we construct MDS self-dual codes of length four and eight over G R ( p m , 3 ) with ( p = 3 and m = 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ), ( p = 7 and m = 2 , 3 ), ( p = 11 and m = 2 ), ( p = 19 and m = 2 ), ( p = 23 and m = 2 ), and ( p = 31 and m = 2 ). In the building-up construction, it is important to determine the existence of a square matrix U such that U U T = − I , which is called an antiorthogonal matrix. We prove that there is no 2 × 2 antiorthogonal matrix over G R ( 2 m , r ) with m ≥ 2 and odd r.

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Haider, Syed Muhammad Bilal, Zafarullah Nizamani, Chun-Chieh Yip, and Jing-Ying Wong. "NONLINEAR DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF TWO STOREY RC BUILDING MODEL." Jurnal Teknologi 83, no. 4 (June 7, 2021): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v83.16390.

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Peninsular Malaysia lies in a low seismic zone, but its building structures had come across the concrete deterioration due to the seismic ground motion originated from far or near field. Notably, most of the building structures in this country are designed based on wind load only. Moreover, current practice to analyze or design a building such as FEMA 368 and EC8 underestimated the effect of repeated excitations. These guidelines only considered single vibrations to evaluate the framed structure. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the performance of private educational institute reinforced concrete building with generic 3D two storey frame structure under multiple seismic motions. Structural model was examined under series of earthquake motions which include pre-shock, main shock and aftershock scenario. Total of 7 seismic ground motions were selected to quantify the structural frame model by nonlinear dynamic time history analyses. Pseudo-dynamic ground motions were recorded on shaking table ranging from 0.18 g to 0.82 g were applied onto the building model for assessment. The outcome of this study has identified that the low-rise building model survived at higher PGA values. Moderate damages (0.25 ≤ DI < 0.40) were recorded after passing through multiple ground motions. Moreover, low seismic vibrations with large ground movement had caused ground floor storey act as soft storey. The study concluded that low rise building model had higher tendency to absorb lower to higher ‘g’ values and resist the earthquake loading due to the strength of framed structure.

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Hassan, Wael M., Janise Rodgers, Christopher Motter, and John Thornley. "Structural performance of buildings during the 30 November 2018 M7.1 Anchorage, Alaska earthquake." Earthquake Spectra 38, no. 1 (December 7, 2021): 200–234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/87552930211043539.

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Southcentral Alaska, the most populous region in Alaska, was violently shaken by a Mw 7.1 earthquake on 30 November 2018 at 8:29 am Alaska Standard Time. This was the largest magnitude earthquake in the United States close to a population center in over 50 years. The earthquake was 46 km deep, and the epicenter was 12 km north of Anchorage and 19 km west of Eagle River. The event affected some 400,000 residents, causing widespread damage in highways, nonstructural components, non-engineered and older buildings, and structures on poorly compacted fills. A few isolated serious injuries and partial collapses took place. Minor structural damage to code-conforming buildings was observed. A significant percentage of the structural damage was due to geotechnical failures. Building stock diversity allows use of the region as a large test bed to observe how local building practices affected earthquake damage levels. The prevailing peak ground acceleration (PGA) was 0.2–0.32 g, causing shaking intensity at most sites of 50%–60% of the ASCE 7-16 design basis earthquake acceleration. Thus, the seismic vulnerability of building stock in the region was not truly tested. Reinforced concrete buildings had minor structural damage, except in a few cases of shear wall and transfer girder shear cracking. Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP)-retrofitted buildings performed satisfactorily. Concrete-masonry-unit (CMU) masonry buildings experienced serious structural damage in many cases, including relatively newer buildings. The earthquake caused widespread structural damage in non-engineered buildings (primarily wood and CMU masonry) that exist widely in the region, especially in Eagle River. Of these, non-engineered single-family wood buildings had the heaviest structural damage. No structural damage could be observed in steel buildings. The aftershock sequence, which included 7 M5+ and 50 M4+ events, exacerbated structural damage in all types of buildings. The present study is based on the EERI field reconnaissance mission conducted by the authors following the earthquake. Based on the observed damage and structural performance, seismic risk mitigation recommendations are suggested.

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Zahid, Chowdhury Zubayer Bin, Shahriar Alam, Azmain Fahik, Minhaz Imran Khan, and Tarek Uddin Mohammed. "Different orientations of shear wall in a reinforced concrete structure to control drift and deflection." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2521, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2521/1/012006.

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Abstract While Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh, adapts to more and more high-rise buildings and skyscrapers, concerns remain about their design efficiency and ability to withstand shear loads from seismic movements. In this study, several orientations and placements of shear walls in a regular G +15 story reinforced concrete building were assessed to observe the nature of the structure subjected to earthquake seismic loads by adopting the Equivalent Static Analysis. CSi ETABS 2019 was utilized to analyze the story shear, drift, displacement, stiffness, torsional irregularity and compared against eight separate models with different shear wall placements. The significance of this study lies in its contribution to the area of designing earthquake-resistant structures with appropriate shear wall locations following the recent Bangladesh National Building Code 2020 (Seismic criteria as per ASCE 7-05). Results reveal that shear walls placed symmetrically and along the shorter span for the selected structural plan have shown less lateral drift and displacement than structures with other shear wall orientations.

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Yu, Xin Gang, Lu Hu, Chao Gao, and Guo Lin Wu. "The Effect of the Limestone on the Strength of the Foam Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 1058 (November 2014): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1058.145.

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The effect of the limestone on the strength of the foam concrete is studied in this paper. The dry density of the foam concrete used in this experiment is 500 kg/m3, which is largely used in foam concrete for heat preservation in building. The experimental results reveal that the content of the limestone has great influence on the 3 d, 7 d and 28 d compressive strength and flexural strength of the foam concrete, but the fineness of the limestone has little influence on the 3 d, 7 d and 28 d compressive strength and flexural strength of the foam concrete, when the specific surface area is in the range of 210 cm2/g-440 cm2/g.

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Shekh, Imam Usman. "Analysis, Design of G +7 Storey Building Structure with U Boot Beton Slab by using IS Code Method and Software." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 7, no. 7 (July 31, 2019): 855–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2019.7138.

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Ahmed, Kaiser, and Jarek Kurnitski. "New Equation for Optimal Insulation Dependency on the Climate for Office Buildings." Energies 14, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020321.

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The comparison of building energy efficiency in different climates is a growing issue. Unique structural solutions will not ensure the same energy use, but the differences also remain if cost-optimal solutions are applied. This study developed a new equation for the assessment of building envelope optimal insulation in different climates for office buildings. The developed method suggests determining actual degree days from simulated heating energy need and the thermal conductance of a building, avoiding in such a way the use of a base temperature. The method was tested in four climates and validated against cost-optimal solutions solved with optimization. The accuracy of the method was assessed with sensitivity analyses of key parameters such as window-to-wall ratios (WWRs), window g-values, costs of heating, and electricity. These results showed that the existing square root equation overestimated the climate difference effect so that the calculation from the cold climate U-value resulted in less insulation than cost-optimal in warmer climates. Parametric analyses revealed that the power value of 0.2 remarkably improved the accuracy as well as performance worked well in all cases and can be recommended as a default value. Sensitivity analyses with a broad range of energy costs and window parameters revealed that the developed equation resulted in maximum 5% underestimation and maximum 7% overestimation of an average area-weighted optimal U-value of building envelope in another climate. The developed method allows objectively to compare optimal insulation of the building envelope in different climates. The method is easy to apply for energy performance comparison of similar buildings in different climates and also for energy performance requirements comparison.

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Ahmed, Kaiser, and Jarek Kurnitski. "New Equation for Optimal Insulation Dependency on the Climate for Office Buildings." Energies 14, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020321.

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The comparison of building energy efficiency in different climates is a growing issue. Unique structural solutions will not ensure the same energy use, but the differences also remain if cost-optimal solutions are applied. This study developed a new equation for the assessment of building envelope optimal insulation in different climates for office buildings. The developed method suggests determining actual degree days from simulated heating energy need and the thermal conductance of a building, avoiding in such a way the use of a base temperature. The method was tested in four climates and validated against cost-optimal solutions solved with optimization. The accuracy of the method was assessed with sensitivity analyses of key parameters such as window-to-wall ratios (WWRs), window g-values, costs of heating, and electricity. These results showed that the existing square root equation overestimated the climate difference effect so that the calculation from the cold climate U-value resulted in less insulation than cost-optimal in warmer climates. Parametric analyses revealed that the power value of 0.2 remarkably improved the accuracy as well as performance worked well in all cases and can be recommended as a default value. Sensitivity analyses with a broad range of energy costs and window parameters revealed that the developed equation resulted in maximum 5% underestimation and maximum 7% overestimation of an average area-weighted optimal U-value of building envelope in another climate. The developed method allows objectively to compare optimal insulation of the building envelope in different climates. The method is easy to apply for energy performance comparison of similar buildings in different climates and also for energy performance requirements comparison.

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Wu, Yingxiong, Ning Liu, and Ai Qi. "Seismic Performance of a New Structural Design Solution for First-Story Isolated RC Buildings with Coupled Beam-Column Connections." Applied Sciences 9, no. 1 (January 6, 2019): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9010177.

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This study proposes a new structural design of the first-story isolation system in reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Compared to the conditional buildings with independent columns, this new design integrates the independent columns with beams to increase the seismic capacity of the building by increasing the integrated stiffness of the coupled columns and the stability of the isolation system. The seismic responses of the proposed structure and the corresponding isolation effect were investigated by performing a series of numerical simulation and shaking table tests on a typical 7-story RC frame structure. The structure models were subjected to four earthquake waves with two PGAs (peak ground acceleration) of 0.30 g and 0.40 g for seismic analysis regarding the peak acceleration and inter-story displacement. Both simulation and testing results showed that the story acceleration and inter-story displacement of the superstructure in the isolated model decreased significantly. While the substructure below the isolation layer had a negligible decrease of acceleration. The connection of beams with concrete columns significantly increases the seismic capacity of the RC frame buildings compared to non-isolated frame buildings. The coupled beam-column connections could thus be potentially adopted in the practical first-story isolation system to avoid the requirements of large column stiffness and large column size.

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Kazaryan, Armen. "Armenian Architecture through the Pages of Robert G. Ousterhout’s Book “Eastern Medieval Architecture: The Building Traditions of Byzantium and Neighboring Lands”." Actual Problems of Theory and History of Art 9 (2019): 790–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.18688/aa199-7-70.

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Goembira, Fadjar, Taufiq Ihsan, and Muhammad Fahyudi. "Analisis Tingkat Kebisingan di Kawasan Kampus Universitas Putra Indonesia (UPI) di Kecamatan Lubuk Begalung Kota Padang." Jurnal Dampak 13, no. 1 (January 5, 2016): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/dampak.13.1.26-34.2016.

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The purpose of this research is to analyze the data measuring the noise level in the campus of the University of Putra Indonesia (UPI). Measurement point exterior and interior consists of 12 points and 7 points. The measurement method is based on Decree of the Indonesia Minister of Environment No. 48 of 1996 on Baku Noise is a method simple way by using Sound Level Meter. The highest level of exterior noise when L1 at the point of the Campus Gate UPI (1A) of 73.72 dB (A). The noise level in the afternoon (LS) between 69.63 to 61.60 dB (A), the noise level night (LM) between 48.10 to 38.72 dB (A) and the day-night noise level (LSM) between 67.91 to 59.93 dB (A). The highest current interior noise levels of activity in Building D (2B) of 69.96 dB (A), while the highest level of interior noise occurs at the point when empty Building G (7B) of 69.37 dB (A). Value exterior noise when the time L1-L4 exceeds Raw Noise Level while the value of interior noise when the condition activity partly exceeded Raw Noise except Building G (7B) and the value of noise when empty condition partly exceeds the noise level except Building UPI Sport & Exhibition Hall (1B), Building B (3B) and Building A (4B). Control recommendations exterior form of vegetation while the interior of the control building construction improvements. Keywords: noise, University of Putra Indonesia (UPI) campus, exterior, interior, control alternative recommendationABSTRAKTujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis data pengukuran tingkat kebisingan di kawasan Kampus Universitas Putra Indonesia (UPI). Titik pengukuran eksterior dan interior terdiri atas 12 titik dan 7 titik. Metode pengukuran berdasarkan KepMen LH No. 48 Tahun 1996 tentang Baku Tingkat Kebisingan yaitu metode cara sederhana dengan menggunakan alat Sound Level Meter. Tingkat kebisingan tertinggi eksterior pada saat L1 di titik Pintu Gerbang Kampus UPI (1A) sebesar 73,72 dB(A). Tingkat kebisingan pada siang (LS) antara 69,63-61,60 dB(A), tingkat kebisingan malam (LM) antara 48,10-38,72 dB(A) dan tingkat kebisingan siang-malam (LSM) antara 67,91-59,93 dB(A). Tingkat kebisingan interior tertinggi saat aktivitas di Gedung D (2B) sebesar 69,96 dB(A) sedangkan tingkat kebisingan interior tertinggi saat kosong terjadi di titik Gedung G (7B) sebesar 69,37 dB(A). Nilai kebisingan eksterior saat waktu L1-L4 melebihi Baku Tingkat Kebisingan sedangkan nilai kebisingan interior saat kondisi aktivitas sebagian melebihi Baku Tingkat Kebisingan kecuali Gedung G (7B) dan nilai kebisingan saat kondisi kosong sebagian melebihi baku tingkat kebisingan kecuali Gedung UPI Sport & Exhibition Hall (1B), Gedung B (3B) dan Gedung A (4B). Rekomendasi pengendalian eksterior berupa penanaman vegetasi sedangkan pengendalian interior berupa perbaikan konstruksi bangunan.Kata kunci: kebisingan, kampus Universitas Putra Indonesia (UPI), eksterior, interior, rekomendasi alternatif pengendalian

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Kumar, Nitin. "Earthquake Resistant Design & Comparison of (G+7) OMRF Building at Meerut by Using Equivalent Lateral Force & Response Spectrum Method." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 6, no. 7 (July 31, 2018): 456–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2018.7065.

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Janbandhu, Akshita, Piyush Singh, K. R. Dabhekar, I. Khedikar, and Janmejay V. Shukla. "Effect of Various Concentric Bracing in Building." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1193, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1193/1/012014.

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Abstract While constructing a building the most important factor to be considered is its strength. Strength against different types of load that will be act on the structure after absolute construction. The most important type of load to be considered while construction is lateral load, cause not every structure can sustain lateral loads, especially high-rise structures build on earthquake prone areas. In order to resist lateral loads on such areas either the structure should have columns of higher section or we need to add shear wall or bracing to the structure. Bracing and shear wall provide lateral support to any structure. Bracing as well as shear wall takes the extra load of columns and beams during an earthquake which helps in load balancing. In this paper we have made a G+7 building and did earthquake analysis on STAAD.PRO software as per zone V. When earthquake load is applied to the structure without braces some of the columns an beams fail so in order to make the structure stable we applied braces (X and Diagonal) to the same structure and then compared the three models based on maximum storey displacement, maximum storey drift, bending moment, shear force and base shear.

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Laddha, Vrunda R., Sharda P. Siddh, and Prashant D. Hiwas. "Analytical Investigation of Composite Structure in Comparison of RCC Structure." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1197, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1197/1/012069.

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Abstract High rise structures becoming very common everywhere due to scarcity of land and increasing population. Though we have RCC structure system as high-rise buildings, but in RCC buildings due to bulky size of the components of the structure self-weight will be more due to the heavy density of materials. By observing the difficulties and challenges in the field of high-rise structures engineers are using efficient structural system that is Steel Concrete Composite Structure. Composite structure consists composite deck slab, composite beam and composite column. Composite Structure complies of Concrete which is good in compression and structural steel which good in tension and composition of these material makes structure better in ductility which comparatively on higher side than RCC structure. Here G+7 high rise structure is considered for analysis by ETABS software. This paper involves Analysis of Commercial building by Equivalent static method on Composite structure and RCC structure with same plan of building and same design data. The structure is in earthquake zone III and wind speed 44m/s. Analytical comparisons of both Composite and RCC frame based on structural parameters are made with help of graphs and tables. By comparing the results, we found that Steel-Concrete Composite Structures are more desirable than RCC structures.

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Pandey, Mr Suryakant. "Seismic Analysis of L-Shape Multi-Storey RCC Building with X-Bracing in Different Effective Location and Pattern." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 8 (August 31, 2021): 1150–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37530.

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Abstract: In this day and age of urbanization, there is a strong need for a large-scale high-rise apartment building in every city but high-rise construction systems are extremely difficult to construct in any seismic region due to the intense and disruptive nature of seismic forces. Seismic forces have the highest risk of causing the most harm to high-rise buildings. To meet this need, the Civil Engineering industry is constantly developing new groundbreaking techniques. To solve this problem RCC or steel bracings are provided in high-rise buildings which help to the low down the effect of seismic and wind forces. The main objective of this paper is to locate an effective position and pattern of the RCC X-bracing system in the L- shape multi-storey building which is subjected to seismic forces. According to a previous reference paper, X-bracing produces better results than other bracing systems. Analysis the seven types of frame models are taken – (1) Normal L-shape building without bracing, (2) Xbracing are provided at the face of L-shape building, (3) X-bracing are provided alternative pattern at the face of L-shape building from bottom to top floor, (4) X- bracing are provided zig-zag pattern at the face of L-shape building, (5) X-bracing are provided at the corner of L-shape building, (6) X-bracing are provided alternative pattern at the corner of L-shape building from bottom to the top floor, (7) X-bracing are provided zig-zag pattern at the corner of L-shape building. Developed and evaluated by response spectrum analysis method (Linear dynamic analysis) as per IS 1893-2000 using STAAD PRO V8i. In the present work G+12 storey, the L-shape frame structure is analyzed by using X-bracing. It is analyzed and the results of the Following Parameters are taken - (1) Peak storey shear, (2) Base shear, (3) Nodal displacement, (4) Maximum bending moment, (5) Total quantity of steel in the whole structure, (6) Total volume of concrete in the whole structure are evaluated and compared. Keywords: RCC Bracing, Seismic Behavior, Seismic Analysis, Peak Storey Shear, Base shear, Nodal Displacements, Maximum Bending Moment, The Total Quantity of Steel, The Total Volume of Concrete

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Chaubey, Dev Dutt, and Dr Raghvendra Singh. "Seismic Analysis of Irregular Planned RC Frame: Capacity Based Design Criteria." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): 312–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40634.

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Abstract: This study examines the capacity-based design of structure that is increasing commonly in earthquake resistance design. For making any structure earthquake resistant capacity-based design approach is good to hire because it takes less specialization. Low to medium rise buildings are performing well for the seismic actions when designed as per capacity- based criteria. The other method is to install lateral load resisting element such as shear wall, dampers, base isolators etc. These methods of seismic resistance are costly and requires special attention while installation. On the other hand, capacity based designed approach requires no extra element in frame although making existing frame elements to be stronger. In the present work, three type of irregularity is being taken and those are being imposed over RC frame which has designed as per capacity-based design criteria for four different heights of G+3, G+5, G+7, G+10. Those models are analyzed for commercial use and located at seismic zone IV. Linear static, linear dynamic and nonlinear static methods are used to analyze those models with help of CSI ETABS v19 software. Results which are discussed is modal analysis, storey drift, torsional ratio, ductility ratio, performance point and hinge results. Keywords: Beam column capacity ratio, collapse mechanism, Strong column–weak beam design, plastic hinge, irregularity, geometry, shape and size of the building, ETABS.

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Sinaga, Mendang J., Titin Apung Atikah, and Siti Zubaidah. "Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Hayati dan SP-36 untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.) pada Tanah Gambut Pedalaman." Daun: Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian dan Kehutanan 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33084/daun.v9i1.3628.

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This study aims to determine the effect of biological fertilizers and SP 36 on tomato yields on inland peat soils and determine the best concentration of biological fertilizers and doses of SP-36 that can increase tomato yields. This research took place at the Installation of Experimental Garden of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Palangka Raya. The design used in this study was a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and was repeated 3 (three) replications. The first factor was the concentration of biological fertilizers (H) which consist 4 levels: H0= 0 ml.-1; H1= 2 ml.l-1; H2= 5 ml.l-1; H3= 7 ml.l-1. The second factor was the dose of SP-36 (P) which consist 3 levels: P1=150 kg.ha-1(5,11 g.polybag-1); P2= 200 kg.ha-1 (6,81 g.polybag-1); P3=250 kg.ha-1 (8,52 g.polybag-1). The results showed that the combination of biological fertilizers and SP-36 did not interact with all observed variables. Biofertilizer dose 7 ml.l-1 showed the best result of the number of fruits were 15.67 fruits, the weight of fresh fruits were 220.16 g, and the dry weight of tomatoes root were 9.92 g. SP-36 fertilizer dose 200 kg.ha-1 showed the best result of the number of fruits were 16.42 fruits, the weight of fresh fruit of tomatoes were 232.51 g, the weight of fresh root were 26.93 g and the weight of dry root were 9.38 g.

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Kumar, Gajagantarao Sai, Purushotham Rao, and Partheepan Ganesan. "Effect of Shear Wall Location On Seismic Performance of High Raised Buildings." International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and Management 4, no. 1 (January 13, 2021): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.47607/ijresm.2021.447.

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Multi-storey buildings tend to get damaged mainly during earthquake. Seismic analysis is a tool for the estimation of structural response in the process of designing earthquake resistant structures and/or retrofitting vulnerable existing structures. The principle purpose of this work is to analyze and design a building with a shear wall and also to find the appropriate position of shear wall that result in maximum resistance towards lateral forces and minimum displacement of the structure. In this study, a G+7 multi-storey building of 15 m ×20 m in plan area has been chosen and modelled using ETABS. The developed model was validated by solving manually and the results were validated in ETABS. Thereafter, 4 different new plans were modelled in ETABS located in the same earthquake zone area. These plans have shear wall concepts are implemented on the building at four different locations. Seismic, vibration and response spectrum analysis were performed on these structures. Salient parameters such as storey stiffness, storey displacement and storey drift were computed using the ETABS model. These were compared with that of the frame having no shear walls. By comparing the results obtained at different shear wall locations, the best plan with the shear wall having minimum lateral storey displacement and maximum stiffness is suggested for this location.

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LYUBOMIRSKIY, N. V., A. S. BAKHTIN, T. A. BAKHTINA, and V. V. NIKOLAENKO. "BUILDING MATERIALS BASED ON LIMESTONE DUST AND FINELY DISPERSED LIMESTONE." Building and reconstruction 90, no. 4 (2020): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7416-2020-90-4-112-121.

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The paper presents research on the development of building materials with low CO2 emissions based on industrial man-made materials. The optimal recipe-technological parameters for the production of materials based on lime dust generated by mechanical deposition in cyclones and bag filters of shaft furnaces, as well as finely divided marble-like limestone with a fraction of up to 5 mm were determined. Studies have shown that it is possible to obtain a building material with compressive strength of more than 40 MPa from this recycled material by forced carbonization for three hours. Moreover, to obtain such strength indicators, the optimal content of lime dust in the raw materials is in the range of 35-40% wt. when the water content of the mixture is 6-7% wt. The carbonized material obtained at the indicated technological parameters will have an average density of 1.95-2.0 g / cm3 and water absorption by weight of not more than 12%. Accordingly, the data obtained make it possible to judge the possibility of obtaining high-quality construction products with physico-mechanical, physico-chemical, hydrophysical, and other properties sufficient for building materials.

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Fernández-Carmona, J., I. Alqedra, C. Cervera, J. Moya, and J. J. Pascual. "Effect of lucerne-based diets on performance of reproductive rabbit does at two temperatures." Animal Science 76, no. 2 (April 2003): 283–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800053534.

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AbstractNew Zealand × Californian rabbit does were offered ad libitum three diets: diet A, with 960 g lucerne per kg dry matter (DM), having 8•7 MJ digestible energy (DE) and 108 g digestible protein (DP) per kg DM; diet AF with 920 g lucerne and 50 g animal fat per kg DM, having 9•6 MJ DE and 105 g DP per kg DM; and diet C, as a control diet having 12•0 MJ DE and 122 g DP per kg DM. Productive parameters were measured for the first five parities, and food intake and milk yield during the first two parities.In experiment 1, 79 does (342 parities) were housed in a cooled building, litters were standardized to eight kits and weaned at 28 days of age. DM intake during lactation was lower (P < 0•001) but DE intake, milk yield and litter growth were higher for group C. Values for does on diet AF generally were between those of groups A and C. Average results for groups A, AF and C were respectively: 59, 65 and 51 days for the parturition interval; 160, 170 and 193 g for daily milk output in the first two lactations; 3•7, 4•0 and 4•5 kg for litter weight at weaning.In experiment 2, 64 does (294 parities) were housed in a climatic chamber at a constant temperature of 30oC, litters were standardized to six kits and weaned at 35 days of age. DM intake during lactation was lower (P < 0•001) but milk yield and litter growth were higher (P < 0•001) for C does. Average results for groups A, AF and C were respectively: 70, 70 and 56 days for parturition interval; 106, 128 and 128 g for daily milk output in the first two lactations; 3•7, 4•4 and 4•4 kg for litter weight at weaning. Lucerne-based diets allowed a reasonable performance of reproductive rabbit does in the long term, even under hot conditions.

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Nguyen, Anh Tuan, and David Rockwood. "DEVELOPING AN ENERGY BENCHMARKING SYSTEM FOR HOTEL BUILDINGS USING THE STATISTICAL METHOD AND THE SIMULATION-BASED APPROACH." Journal of Green Building 14, no. 3 (June 2019): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618.14.3.1.

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Due to increased tourist activity, many cities now have a large number of hotel buildings. It is necessary to establish measures to evaluate energy use intensity to effectively manage energy consumption in this sector. This study uses a combined strategy to establish an energy benchmark for hotel buildings in Vietnam. First, a survey and analysis of actual building stock data of 50 hotels in Danang, Vietnam, was conducted. The survey-based benchmark and its related data was then used to build a reference energy model to estimate an energy benchmark for other climatic regions in Vietnam by using the energy simulation method. The results reveal that the average energy use intensity for hotels in Danang was 87.4 kWh/m2.year or 8628.6 kWh/guestroom.year. However, this study proposes that because of the differing expectations of comfort standards, hotels of different grades should have separate benchmarks. This study also proposes an energy intensity-based rating scale, including 7 grades from the least energy intensive (grade A) to the most energy intensive (grade G), which can be used to manage, label, or encourage sustainable energy use in hotel buildings. The relationship between the energy use intensity and the occupancy rate of the hotels was reported, compared, and explained. It was found that occupancy rate has no significant impact on the energy use intensity. From the survey result, some predictive models were developed to estimate annual energy consumption of hotel buildings based on their grades. The simulated benchmarks for other regions were also achieved. The results demonstrate many potential applications in the management, design and construction, and renovation of this building type.

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Shi, Honglue, Isaac J. Kimsey, Stephanie Gu, Hsuan-Fu Liu, Uyen Pham, Maria A. Schumacher, and Hashim M. Al-Hashimi. "Revealing A-T and G-C Hoogsteen base pairs in stressed protein-bound duplex DNA." Nucleic Acids Research 49, no. 21 (November 18, 2021): 12540–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkab936.

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Abstract Watson–Crick base pairs (bps) are the fundamental unit of genetic information and the building blocks of the DNA double helix. However, A-T and G-C can also form alternative ‘Hoogsteen’ bps, expanding the functional complexity of DNA. We developed ‘Hoog-finder’, which uses structural fingerprints to rapidly screen Hoogsteen bps, which may have been mismodeled as Watson–Crick in crystal structures of protein–DNA complexes. We uncovered 17 Hoogsteen bps, 7 of which were in complex with 6 proteins never before shown to bind Hoogsteen bps. The Hoogsteen bps occur near mismatches, nicks and lesions and some appear to participate in recognition and damage repair. Our results suggest a potentially broad role for Hoogsteen bps in stressed regions of the genome and call for a community-wide effort to identify these bps in current and future crystal structures of DNA and its complexes.

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Kupfer, K. "Radiofrequency and Microwave Moisture Sensing of Building Materials." Sensors Update 7, no. 1 (January 2000): 27–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1616-8984(200001)7:1<27::aid-seup27>3.0.co;2-g.

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Ferrantelli, Andrea, Camilla Vornanen-Winqvist, Milla Mattila, Heidi Salonen, and Jarek Kurnitski. "Positive pressure effect on moisture performance in a school building." Journal of Building Physics 43, no. 2 (April 2, 2019): 121–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744259119837144.

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Moisture excess in buildings constitutes a complex problem affecting indoor air quality, energy consumption and the lifetime of the building envelope. We investigate the effect on moisture transfer in structures as a positive pressure is applied inside the enclosure. It is found that, contrary to established belief, the positive pressure does not induce any negative effects on the structures’ moisture content in normally ventilated classrooms, even with high occupancy. Our case study consists of a school building in Finland, subject to temperature and relative humidity measurements after a small (5–7 Pa) positive pressure was realized through ventilation control. We first address analytically the moisture excess generated inside the classrooms for 14 days, using dynamical balance equations that account for both ventilation effects and occupants’ moisture release in the environment. It is found that the average moisture excess is very small, largely below 1 g/m3, even for ventilation rates that are half the design value. We also examine the moisture performance of the envelope, by addressing the moisture migration at upper and lower joints of the external walls for both measured and design values of the indoor absolute humidity (AH). A coupled numerical model of diffusion and convection shows that moisture accumulation in the envelope and the according stresses are negligible for any realistic AH values. This result is in agreement with field measurements at the school. In conclusion, it seems that applying a small overpressure in a well-ventilated school building during a standard service period resulted in no accumulation inside the external walls, even at high occupancy and with low ventilation. Remarkably, it slightly dried out the moisture content in structures under actual occupancy conditions. The positive pressure has accordingly no negative effects on moisture performance, and is capable to guarantee a good indoor air quality as well.

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Usman, Muhammad, Atif Jahanger, Muhammad Sohail Amjad Makhdum, Magdalena Radulescu, Daniel Balsalobre-Lorente, and Elena Jianu. "An Empirical Investigation of Ecological Footprint Using Nuclear Energy, Industrialization, Fossil Fuels and Foreign Direct Investment." Energies 15, no. 17 (September 3, 2022): 6442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15176442.

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The G-7 economies comprise a few of the global, mainly economically developed countries. On the other hand, in conjunction with these high economic development performances, the ecological behaviors in G-7 anions have concurrently provoked to elevate deep apprehensions among the stakeholders. Therefore, the present research aims to empirically investigate the environmental influences of nuclear energy, industrialization, fossil fuel energy, and foreign direct investment (FDI) in the G-7 nations between 1991 and 2018. After checking the cross-sectional dependency, this study employed the first-generation ((full modified ordinary least square (FMOLS), dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS)) and second-generation (Driscoll and Kraay (D-K), feasible generalized least square (FGLS)) approaches for robust and reliable findings. The findings explore that nuclear energy production is ineffective in curbing the figure of ecological footprints in the long-run. Moreover, the industrialization process and fossil fuel energy consumption reduce environmental quality in the G-7 economies. More to the point, the empirical findings recommend that these nations can renovate their industrial production procedures in an eco-friendly behavior they can experience an unsoiled deployment of the energy transition. Similarly, the FDI also degrades environmental eminence in the long-run. This validates the pollution haven hypothesis in the G-7 countries. Based on these results, this study suggests the G-7 nations should reduce the production of nuclear energy levels, the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy production in the industrial sector, reduce fossil fuel-based foreign investment, and assimilate ecological welfare strategies within their development planning.

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Evéquoz, Damien, Ingrid E. C. Verhaart, Davy van de Vijver, Wolfgang Renner, Annemieke Aartsma-Rus, and Christian J. Leumann. "7′,5′-alpha-bicyclo-DNA: new chemistry for oligonucleotide exon splicing modulation therapy." Nucleic Acids Research 49, no. 21 (November 26, 2021): 12089–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkab1097.

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Abstract Antisense oligonucleotides are small pieces of modified DNA or RNA, which offer therapeutic potential for many diseases. We report on the synthesis of 7′,5′-α-bc-DNA phosphoramidite building blocks, bearing the A, G, T and MeC nucleobases. Solid-phase synthesis was performed to construct five oligodeoxyribonucleotides containing modified thymidine residues, as well as five fully modified oligonucleotides. Incorporations of the modification inside natural duplexes resulted in strong destabilizing effects. However, fully modified strands formed very stable duplexes with parallel RNA complements. In its own series, 7′,5′-α-bc-DNA formed duplexes with a surprising high thermal stability. CD spectroscopy and extensive molecular modeling indicated the adoption by the homo-duplex of a ladder-like structure, while hetero-duplexes with DNA or RNA still form helical structure. The biological properties of this new modification were investigated in animal models for Duchenne muscular dystrophy and spinal muscular atrophy, where exon splicing modulation can restore production of functional proteins. It was found that the 7′,5′-α-bc-DNA scaffold confers a high biostability and a good exon splicing modulation activity in vitro and in vivo.

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., S. Karthiga. "DESIGN AND COMPARISON OF A RESIDENTIAL BUILDING (G+10) FOR SEISMIC FORCES USING THE CODES: IS1893, EURO CODE8, ASCE 7-10 AND BRITISH CODE." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 04, no. 06 (June 25, 2015): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2015.0406034.

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Ivanchenko, D. A. "The service-based model of educational organization’s library." Scientific and Technical Libraries, no. 7 (September 7, 2022): 92–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/1027-3689-2022-7-92-115.

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Theoretical, regulative and organizational foundations for developing e-libraries are discussed along with the experience of their operation in educational systems in Russia and worldwide. The author defines the digital (electronic) library of an educational institution as the integrated organizational, software and technological tools to support educational activities, computerize key library and information processes, integrated at the level of user data with library and information services within the e-libraries and public libraries, digital educational resources and platforms.When building the model of digital (electronic) library, educational organizations are recommended to apply service-based approach so to structurize the list of services of information acquisition, processing, storage, representation and delivery to library users, e. g. students, pedagogues, parents and administrators. The minimum requirements, including these used in the related information systems, to data within the service-based model are determined; the repertory of analytical digital services for assessing, forecasting and modelling of educational activities, is suggested. These approaches are efficient in digital transformation of libraries and building of digital (electronic) libraries within the structure of educational environment.

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Guerrero Fajardo, Carlos Alberto, Yvonne N’Guyen, Claire Courson, and Anne Cécile Roger. "Fe/SiO2 catalysts for the selective oxidation of methane to formaldehyde." Ingeniería e Investigación 26, no. 2 (May 1, 2006): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v26n2.14735.

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Selective oxidation of methane to formaldehyde was analysed with iron catalysts supported on silica prepared by the sol-gel method, leading to obtaining a large support surface area facilitating high dispersion of iron on silica’s amorphous surface. Seven catalysts were prepared; one of them corresponded to the silica support and another five having an iron load 0.1-0.5% in weight. Catalyst 7 (0.5% Fe in weight) was prepared with neutral pH control and had the most homogeneous characteristics since it did not present isolated iron species, corroborated by SEM and TEM analysis. The highest BET areas were 1,757 and 993 m2.g-1 for 0.5% Fe catalysts, having an average 36% microporosity and 43% mesoporosity. X-ray diffraction confirmed the catalyst’s amorphous structure. Catalytic activity was carried out with catalyser 7 at atmospheric pressure in a quartz reactor using a CH4/O2/N2=7.5/1/4 reaction mixture at 400-750°C temperature range. Reaction products were analysed by gas chromatography with TCD. The heterogeneous catalysts displayed greater methane conversion (but with methanol selectivity) whereas homogenous catalyst 7 gave better results regarding formaldehyde. The highest conversion percentage (8.60% mol) for catalyser 7 was presented at 650°C. Formaldehyde selectivity was 50% mol in the 600-650°C range and maximum yield (0.31g HCHO/Kg catalyst) was found in this range; it was thus considered that 650°C for the reaction was thereby the best operating temperature.

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Kirsten, Maximilian, Robert Mikutta, Didas N. Kimaro, Karl-Heinz Feger, and Karsten Kalbitz. "Aluminous clay and pedogenic Fe oxides modulate aggregation and related carbon contents in soils of the humid tropics." SOIL 7, no. 2 (July 6, 2021): 363–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-363-2021.

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Abstract. Aggregation affects a wide range of physical and biogeochemical soil properties with positive effects on soil carbon storage. For weathered tropical soils, aluminous clays (kaolinite and gibbsite) and pedogenic Fe (oxyhydr)oxides (goethite and hematite; termed “Fe oxides”) have been suggested as important building units for aggregates. However, as aluminosilicates, aluminum hydroxides, and Fe oxides are part of the clay-sized fraction it is hard to separate how certain mineral phases modulate aggregation. In addition, it is not known what consequences this will have for organic carbon (OC) persistence after land-use change. We selected topsoils with unique mineralogical compositions in the East Usambara Mountains of Tanzania under forest and cropland land uses, varying in contents of aluminous clay and Fe oxides. Across the mineralogical combinations, we determined the aggregate size distribution, aggregate stability, OC contents of aggregate size fractions, and changes in aggregation and OC contents under forest and cropland land use. Patterns in soil aggregation were rather similar across the different mineralogical combinations (high level of macroaggregation and high aggregate stability). Nevertheless, we found some statistically significant effects of aluminous clay and pedogenic Fe oxides on aggregation and OC storage. An aluminous clay content > 250 g kg−1 in combination with pedogenic Fe contents < 60 g kg−1 significantly promoted the formation of large macroaggregates > 4 mm. In contrast, a pedogenic Fe content > 60 g kg−1 in combination with aluminous clay content of < 250 g kg−1 promoted OC storage and persistence even under agricultural use. The combination with low aluminous clay and high pedogenic Fe contents displayed the highest OC persistence, despite conversion of forest to cropland causing substantial disaggregation. This indicates that aggregation in these tropical soils is modulated by the mineralogical regime, causing moderate but significant differences in aggregate size distribution. Nevertheless, aggregation was little decisive for overall OC persistence in these highly weathered soils, where OC storage is more regulated by direct mineral–organic interactions.

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Chen, Ming-Hui, Shih-Yi Sheu, Chaolun Allen Chen, Jih-Terng Wang, and Wen-Ming Chen. "Oceanicaulis stylophorae sp. nov., isolated from the reef-building coral Stylophora pistillata." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 62, Pt_9 (September 1, 2012): 2241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.036780-0.

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A bacterial strain designated GISW-4T was isolated from the reef-building coral Stylophora pistillata, collected from seawater off the coast of southern Taiwan, and was characterized in this taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach. Strain GISW-4T was Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, beige, rod-shaped, and dimorphic, either non-motile with stalks (or prosthecae), or non-stalked and motile by means of a single polar flagellum. 16S rRNA gene sequence studies showed that the novel strain clustered with Oceanicaulis alexandrii C116-18T (98.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Strain GISW-4T exhibited optimal growth at 35–40 °C, 1–2 % (w/v) NaCl and at pH 7–9. The predominant cellular fatty acids (>10 %) were C18 : 0, C18 : 1ω7c and C18 : 1ω7c 11-methyl. The predominant polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol and two unknown phospholipids (PL1–2). The major respiratory quinones were ubiquinone Q-10 and Q-9, and the DNA G+C content was 61.6 mol%. The results of physiological and biochemical tests allowed clear phenotypic differentiation of strain GISW-4T from the type strain of O. alexandrii . It is evident from the genotypic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data that the isolate should be classified as a novel species of the genus Oceanicaulis . The name proposed for this taxon is Oceanicaulis stylophorae sp. nov., with the type strain GISW-4T ( = LMG 25723T = BCRC 80207T).

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Bakhtin, Aleksandr, Nikolai Lyubomirskiy, Sergey Fedorkin, and Tamara Bakhtina. "On the possibility of using lime dust for the production of building materials of forced carbonate hardening." MATEC Web of Conferences 315 (2020): 07008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202031507008.

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The paper presents research on the development of building materials with low level of CO2 emissions based on technogenic recycled materials. The paper addresses the determination of optimal formulation and technological parameters of obtaining materials based on lime dust generated by mechanical deposition in cyclones and bag filters of shaft furnaces, as well as finely dispersed marble limestone with a fraction of up to 5 mm. Studies have shown that it is possible to obtain carbonized material with compressive strength of more than 40 MPa from this recycled material by forced carbonization used during three hours. Moreover, to obtain such numbers, the optimal content of lime dust in raw materials should be in the range of 35-40% wt. when the water content of the mixture is 6-7% wt. The carbonized material obtained with the indicated technological parameters will have an average density of 1.95-2.0 g/cm3 and water absorption by weight of not more than 12%.

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Chen, Ming-Hui, Shih-Yi Sheu, Chaolun Allen Chen, Jih-Terng Wang, and Wen-Ming Chen. "Corallomonas stylophorae gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from the reef-building coral Stylophora pistillata." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63, Pt_3 (March 1, 2013): 982–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.043208-0.

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A heterotrophic marine bacterium, designated strain KTSW-6T, was isolated from the reef-building coral Stylophora pistillata in Kenting, Taiwan. Cells of strain KTSW-6T were Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, halophilic, non-motile rods surrounded by a thick glycocalyx-like coat and forming creamy white colonies. Growth occurred at 15–37 °C (optimum, 25–30 °C), at pH 7.0–9.0 (optimum, pH 7.5–8.0) and with 0.5–7 % NaCl (optimum, 3–4 %). Polar lipids comprised phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, an uncharacterized aminophospholipid and three uncharacterized phospholipids (PL1–PL3). The respiratory quinones of strain KTSW-6T were Q-8 (62 %) and Q-7 (38 %). Major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c, 29.6 %), C18 : 1ω7c (27.6 %) and C16 : 0 (19.5 %). The major cellular hydroxy fatty acid was C10 : 0 3-OH. The DNA G+C content of strain KTSW-6T was 48.6 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain KTSW-6T belongs to the family Oceanospirillaceae of the order Oceanospirillales , class Gammaproteobacteria . Strain KTSW-6T shared 92.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Neptuniibacter caesariensis MED92T and 92.0 % with Neptunomonas naphthovorans NAG-2N-126T. On the basis of the genotypic and phenotypic data, strain KTSW-6T represents a novel species of a new genus of the Oceanospirillaceae , for which the name Corallomonas stylophorae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Corallomonas stylophorae is KTSW-6T ( = BCRC 80176T = LMG 25553T).

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Sahu, S., M. Ghosh, and D. K. Bhattacharyya. "Utilization of unsaponifiable matter from rice bran oil fatty acid distillate for preparing an antioxidant-rich oleogel and evaluation of its properties." Grasas y Aceites 71, no. 1 (January 14, 2020): 336. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/gya.0938182.

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Rice bran oil fatty acid distillate (RBOFAD) is an important by-product obtained from the physical refining process. This fatty acid distillate contains high a amount of Unsaponifiable Matter (γ-oryzanol 3.27 gm/100gm UM; total tocopherol 10.93 mg/100 g UM; total phytosterol 21.81 g/100g UM; squalene 1.15 g/100 g UM and total fatty alcohol 73.34 g/100 g UM) and free fatty acids. Antioxidant-rich Oleogels were obtained from rice bran wax (RBW), rice bran oil fatty acid distillate (RBOFAD) and refined rice bran oil. The main objective of this study was to utilize the antioxidant-rich unsaponifiable matter of RBOFAD (UMRBOFAD) as an organogelator along with rice bran wax, which also acts as a good organogelator. Antioxidant-rich oleogel was prepared using UMRBFAD, ethylcellulose (EC) and RBW at 2%, 2%, 3% on weight basis, respectively, in refined rice bran oil and this antioxidant-rich oleogel was compared with rice bran oil oleogel using RBW at 7% on weight basis of rice bran oil. These oleogels were evaluated using a combination of techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized light microscopy (PLM), Viscosity, synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction (SR-XRD) and FTIR Spectroscopy. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measured the thermal properties of rice bran oil oleogel and high antioxidant-rich oleogel. Polarized light microscopy images revealed needle-like crystals for RBW. SR-XRD measurements were used for clarification of the crystal structures of the building blocks of these oleogels. The antioxidant activities of oleogels were evaluated involving DPPH and ABTS assays.

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Sahoo, D. K., B. Singh, and P. Bhargava. "Discussion on paper publishedMagazine of Concrete Research, 2009,61, No. 7, 477−490. Shear strength of reinforced recycled concrete beams without stirrups. G. Fathifazl, A. G. Razaqpur, O. B. Isgor, A. Abbas, B. Fournier and S. Foo." Magazine of Concrete Research 62, no. 11 (November 2010): 853–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/macr.2010.62.11.853.

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Journal articles on the topic 'G+7 BUILDING'

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