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El, Sheikh, Nahla Esmail, Ayman Gouda, and Walid Basset. "Extractive spectrophotometric determination of some α-adrenergic-antagonists in pure forms and in pharmaceutical formulations." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 18, no. 2 (2012): 179–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq110917060e.
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A simple, rapid, and extractive spectrophotometric methods was developed for the determination of some postsynaptic ?-1 adrenoreceptor antagonist; doxazosin mesylate (DOX), terazosin (TRZ) and alfuzosine HCl (ALF) in pure forms and pharmaceutical formulations. The developed methods are based on the formation of yellow colored chloroform ion-pair complexes between the basic nitrogen of the drugs and dyes, namely; bromocresol green (BCG), bromothymol blue (BTB), methyl orange (MO) and alizarine red S (ARS), in acidic buffer of pH range (3.0-5.0). The formed complexes were extracted with chloroform or dichloromethane and measured at 418, 414, 425 and 426 nm for DOX and at 419, 415, 425 and 428 for TRZ and at 418, 412, 421 and 427 nm for ALF using BCG, BTB, MO and ARS, respectively. The analytical parameters and their effects on the reported systems are investigated. Beer?s law was obeyed in the range 1.0-130 ?g mL?1 with correlation coefficient (n = 6) ? 0.9991. The molar absorpitivity, Sandell sensitivity, detection and quantification limits were also calculated. The composition of the ion associates was found 1:1 by Job?s method. The proposed methods have been applied successfully for the analysis of the studied drugs in pure forms and in pharmaceutical formulations with percentage recoveries ranges from 99.18-100.61. The results of analysis were validated statistically. The results were in good agreement and compared with those obtained with reported methods.
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Kyriazakis, I., and J. D. Oldham. "Diet selection in sheep: the ability of growing lambs to select a diet that meets their crude protein (nitrogen × 6.25) requirements." British Journal of Nutrition 69, no. 3 (May 1993): 617–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19930064.
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To test the proposition that sheep are able to select a diet that meets their crude protein (N × 6.25; CP) requirements, feeds L, A, B, C and H with the same energy content (11 MJ metabolizable energy/kg feed) but different CP contents (78, 109, 141, 172 and 235 g CP/kg fresh feed respectively) were formulated. In addition, feed U, which was feed L plus 21.4 g urea/kg (CP content 132 g/kg), was also made. The feeds were offered ad lib. either singly (n 4 per treatment) or as a choice between feed H and another feed (pairs LH, AH, BH, CH and UH; n 9 per feed pair) to individually penned Suffolk × Scottish mule wether lambs, over the live-weight range 25–45 kg. On the single feeds the rates of live-weight gain were 273, 326, 412, 418, 396 and 407 g/day (SE of difference (SED) 34; P < 0.01) and protein (excluding wool) gain were 27, 32, 44, 45, 41 and 39 g/d (SED 4; P < 0.001) for feeds L, A, B, C, H and U respectively. When sheep were given a choice between a feed below (L or A) and a feed above their CP requirements (H; as judged by the single-feeding treatments) the CP concentration selected was not different between the two pairs: 131 (SE 4) v. 133 (SE 4) g CP/kg feed for pairs LH and AH respectively. On the choices BH and CH (a choice between two feeds above requirements) the feed lower in CP was constantly preferred (874 (SE 33) and 910 (SE 33) g feed B and C respectively per kg total feed intake; CP selected was 157 and 178 g CP/kg respectively). However, this was not the case with the UH choice on which sheep consumed only 599 (SE 61) g feed U/kg total feed intake, resulting in a selection of a higher CP in their diet (173 g CP/kg). The live-weight gains of the animals given a choice between two feeds were 416, 387, 415, 410 and 383 g/d (SED 37) and protein gains were 45, 40, 46, 50 and 43 (SE 7) for pairs LH, AH, BH, CH and UH respectively, which were comparable with the best performance achieved on a single feed. The results suggest that sheep were able to select a diet that meets their CP requirements and avoid, at least to a certain extent, excess of protein intake. It is also possible that sheep discriminate against a property of feed U, such as an excess of urea, when this feed is paired with a feed high in CP.
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Hoffmann, Carly A., and Darren D. Henry. "PSII-31 Manipulation of steam-flaked corn bulk density during grain adaptation phase of beef steers: ruminal fermentation characteristics and feeding behavior." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (December 2019): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.442.
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Abstract The effects of steam-flaked corn bulk density (SFC-BD) during grain adaptation phase on ruminal fermentation characteristics and feeding behavior were evaluated. Six crossbred ruminally-cannulated Angus beef steers (BW = 404 ± 42 kg; experimental units) were used in a randomized complete block design (block = BW). Steers were assigned to adaptation strategy grain-treatment: a) SFC-BD of 335g/L (335); or b) 412g/L (412). Steers were fed ad-libitum during six 7d phases consisting of: HAY; step-up (1, 2, 3, and 4); and a common 335 SFC-BD FINISHER diet. Respective SFC-BD treatments were fed throughout step-up diets. Ruminal pH was continuously measured (wireless pH probes), and ruminal fluid collected for further analyses. A continuous observation (24h) was used for feeding behavior. Data were analyzed using GLIMMIX procedures of SAS. SFC-BD did not affect (P ≥ 0.19) measured variables, except for increasing NDF (P < 0.01) and tending to increase (P = 0.09) ADF digestibility for 412 steers during step-up 2 and 3. Steers fed 412 had greater (P ≤ 0.05) DMI during step-up 3 and 4 compared to FINISHER. Greater (P ≤ 0.01) digestible DMI during step-up 4 and FINISHER were observed compared to other phases. Digestible NDF/ADF intakes were greatest (P ≤ 0.05) during HAY-phase. Digestibility of DM was lowest (P ≤ 0.05) during HAY-phase. Steers ruminated more (P ≤ 0.05) during HAY-phase than FINISHER. Chewing was greatest (P ≤ 0.05) for HAY and intermediate for Step-up 1. Ruminal C2:C3 decreased (P < 0.01) as steers advanced through phases. Ruminal ammonia-N was greatest (P < 0.01) for step-up 1 and 2, and intermediate for other phases. The SFC-BD range studied seemed to not dramatically affect ruminal fermentation characteristics and feeding behavior. The most critical moment evidenced was between HAY and the receiving diet, as well as, when 412 g/L was suddenly switched to 335 g/L.
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Villamil, J. A., E. Diaz, M. A. de la Rubia, and A. F. Mohedano. "Potential Use of Waste Activated Sludge Hydrothermally Treated as a Renewable Fuel or Activated Carbon Precursor." Molecules 25, no. 15 (August 2, 2020): 3534. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25153534.
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In this work, dewatered waste activated sludge (DWAS) was subjected to hydrothermal carbonization to obtain hydrochars that can be used as renewable solid fuels or activated carbon precursors. A central composite rotatable design was used to analyze the effect of temperature (140–220 °C) and reaction time (0.5–4 h) on the physicochemical properties of the products. The hydrochars exhibited increased heating values (up to 22.3 MJ/kg) and their air-activation provided carbons with a low BET area (100 m2/g). By contrast, chemical activation with K2CO3, KOH, FeCl3 and ZnCl2 gave carbons with a well-developed porous network (BET areas of 410–1030 m2/g) and substantial contents in mesopores (0.079–0.271 cm3/g) and micropores (0.136–0.398 cm3/g). The chemically activated carbons had a fairly good potential to adsorb emerging pollutants such as sulfamethoxazole, antipyrine and desipramine from the liquid phase. This was especially the case with KOH-activated hydrochars, which exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of 412, 198 and 146 mg/g, respectively, for the previous pollutants.
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Brighenti, Fernanda Lourenção, Eliana Mitsue Takeshita, Camila de Oliveira Sant'ana, Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf, and Alberto Carlos Botazzo Delbem. "Effect of low fluoride acidic dentifrices on dental remineralization." Brazilian Dental Journal 24, no. 1 (2013): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201301995.
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This study evaluated the capacity of fluoride acidic dentifrices (pH 4.5) to promote enamel remineralization using a pH cycling model, comparing them with a standard dentifrice (1,100 µgF/g). Enamel blocks had their surface polished and surface hardness determined (SH). Next, they were submitted to subsurface enamel demineralization and to post-demineralization surface hardness analysis. The blocks were divided into 6 experimental groups (n=10): placebo (without F, pH 4.5, negative control), 275, 412, 550, 1,100 µgF/g and a standard dentifrice (positive control). The blocks were submitted to pH cycling for 6 days and treatment with dentifrice slurries twice a day. After pH cycling, surface and cross-sectional hardness were assessed to obtain the percentage of surface hardness recovery (%SHR) and the integrated loss of subsurface hardness (ΔKHN). The results showed that %SHR was similar among acidic dentifrices with 412, 550, 1,100 µgF/g and to the positive control (Tukey's test; p>0.05). For ΔKHN, the acidic dentifrice with 550 µg F/g showed a better performance when compared with the positive control. It can be concluded that acidic dentifrice 550 µgF/g had similar remineralization capacity to that of positive control.
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Kemp, Scott J., R. Matthew Ferguson, Amit P. Khandhar, and Kannan M. Krishnan. "Monodisperse magnetite nanoparticles with nearly ideal saturation magnetization." RSC Advances 6, no. 81 (2016): 77452–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra12072e.
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We present a scalable thermolysis and high temperature oxidation procedure for synthesizing monodisperse magnetite nanoparticles with saturation magnetization of up to 80 emu g−1 (412 kA m−1), 92% of bulk magnetite.
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Elkhalifa, Abd Elmoneim O., Eyad Al-Shammari, Mohd Adnan, Jerold C. Alcantara, Khalid Mehmood, Nagat Elzein Eltoum, Amir Mahgoub Awadelkareem, Mushtaq Ahmad Khan, and Syed Amir Ashraf. "Development and Characterization of Novel Biopolymer Derived from Abelmoschus esculentus L. Extract and Its Antidiabetic Potential." Molecules 26, no. 12 (June 12, 2021): 3609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26123609.
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Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra) is an important vegetable crop, widely cultivated around the world due to its high nutritional significance along with several health benefits. Different parts of okra including its mucilage have been currently studied for its role in various therapeutic applications. Therefore, we aimed to develop and characterize the okra mucilage biopolymer (OMB) for its physicochemical properties as well as to evaluate its in vitro antidiabetic activity. The characterization of OMB using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) revealed that okra mucilage containing polysaccharides lies in the bandwidth of 3279 and 1030 cm−1, which constitutes the fingerprint region of the spectrum. In addition, physicochemical parameters such as percentage yield, percentage solubility, and swelling index were found to be 2.66%, 96.9%, and 5, respectively. A mineral analysis of newly developed biopolymers showed a substantial amount of calcium (412 mg/100 g), potassium (418 mg/100 g), phosphorus (60 mg/100 g), iron (47 mg/100 g), zinc (16 mg/100 g), and sodium (9 mg/100 g). The significant antidiabetic potential of OMB was demonstrated using α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory assay. Further investigations are required to explore the newly developed biopolymer for its toxicity, efficacy, and its possible utilization in food, nutraceutical, as well as pharmaceutical industries.
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Gonçalves, Paulo de Souza, Marcelo de Almeida Silva, Adriano Tosoni da Eira Aguiar, Maria Alice Martins, Erivaldo José Scaloppi Junior, and Lígia Regina Lima Gouvêa. "Performance of new Hevea clones from IAC 400 series." Scientia Agricola 64, no. 3 (June 2007): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162007000300005.
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The Hevea breeding program of Instituto Agronômico de Campinas (IAC) has completed clonal evaluation on the following series: IAC 100, IAC 200 and IAC 300. The performance of 22 clones of Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. de Juss.) Muell.-Arg., evolved at IAC, over a period of eleven years was evaluated in the Western Central part of the São Paulo State, Brazil. Among these 22 new clones, six were intraspecific hybrid clones (IAC 400, IAC 404, IAC 405, IAC 406, IAC 410, IAC 412) and the remaining are primary those resulted from selected ortets within half-sib progenies. An old popular clone RRIM 600, of Malaysian origin, was used as the control. The trial was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. Yield performance over a period of four years, mean girth at the 11th year, girth increment before tapping and on tapping, thermal property of natural rubber produced, bark thickness, number of latex vessel rows in seven year virgin bark, percentage incidence of tapping panel dryness, wind damage and diseases like leaf and panel anthracnose have been observed. Sixty one percent of the clones were superior in relation to the control for yield. The clone IAC 400 recorded the highest yield (97.40 g tree-1 tap-1) over four years of tapping, followed by IAC 411 (78.87 tree-1 tap-1), whereas the control clone RRIM 600 recorded 50.86 g tree-1 tap-1. All selected clones were vigorous in growth. Girth increment of these clones was average to above average. Except for IAC 423, other clones had thick virgin bark at opening ranging from 4.84 mm for IAC 401 to 6.38 mm for IAC 416. The natural rubbers from IAC clones have shown good thermal stability up to 300ºC and no differences in the thermal behavior among rubber from clones of the IAC series and the clone RRIM 600 were found in inert atmosphere.
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RUSSO, FRANCESCO G. "ON A PROBLEM OF P. HALL FOR ENGEL WORDS II." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 90, no. 2 (May 13, 2014): 237–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972714000094.
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AbstractThe present paper is related to some recent studies in Abdollahi and Russo [‘On a problem of P. Hall for Engel words’, Arch. Math. (Basel) 97 (2011), 407–412] and Fernández-Alcober et al. [‘A note on conciseness of Engel words’, Comm. Algebra 40 (2012), 2570–2576] on the position of the $\def \xmlpi #1{}\def \mathsfbi #1{\boldsymbol {\mathsf {#1}}}\let \le =\leqslant \let \leq =\leqslant \let \ge =\geqslant \let \geq =\geqslant \def \Pr {\mathit {Pr}}\def \Fr {\mathit {Fr}}\def \Rey {\mathit {Re}}n$-Engel marginal subgroup $E^*_n(G)$ of a group $G$, when $n=3,4$. Describing the size of $E^*_n(G)$ for $n=3,4$, we show some generalisations of classical results on the partial margins of $E^*_3(G)$ and $E^*_4(G)$.
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Castillo, A. R., J. H. Barbi, D. E. Beever, J. D. Sutton, and D. J. Humphries. "Influence of different energy supplements on nitrogen utilisation by dairy cows fed grass silage diets." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1999 (1999): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200002283.
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The efficiency of nitrogen (N) utilisation in dairy cows fed grass silage diets is normally low and is related to an impaired utilisation of N in the rumen. Choice of carbohydrate type may affect this efficiency, influencing milk production and composition, and changing the output of N in faeces or urine. This experiment was undertaken to examine the effect of different iso-energetic supplements containing contrasting energy sources on N utilisation and milk production in early/mid lactation dairy cows fed early cut partially wilted grass silage.Six iso-energetic supplements were formulated as treatments; four to contain 160 g CP/kg DM and contrasting carbohydrate sources, viz.: neutral detergent fibre (NDF; wheatfeed, 350 g/kg, molassed and unmolassed sugar beet pulp 412 g/kg); low degradability starch (LDS; maize grain 500 g/kg, wheat 237 g/kg); high degradability starch (HDS; wheat and barley grain 812 g/kg); and soluble sugars (SS; molasses, 525 g/kg, citrus pulp, 125 g/kg).
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Chi, Chunlei, Zheng Liu, and Zhuangjun Fan. "Sulfur and phosphorus co-doped hard carbon for potassium ion storage." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1171, no. 1 (April 1, 2023): 012054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1171/1/012054.
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Abstract Due to the low cost, good chemical stability and structural diversity, hard carbon has been considered as an important anode material for potassium-ion batteries (PIBs). However, due to the large diameter of K+, PIBs with both excellent rate performance and long-life is still challenging. Herein, sulfur (S), phosphorus (P) co-doped hard carbon anode are synthesized via polymerization of thiophene and phytic acid and the following concise pyrolysis strategy. S in hard carbon can used as reactive sites for K+ storage and P doping will effectively improve wettability of electrolyte. After temperature regulation, the fabricated SP-700 with dual and abundant heteroatom doping exhibits high initial reversible capacity (412 mAh g−1 at 0.05 A g−1), excellent rate performance (130 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1) and stable cyclic performance (94 mAh g−1 after 1500 cycles at 2 A g−1).
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Paul, H. S., C. E. Gleditsch, and S. A. Adibi. "Mechanism of increased hepatic concentration of carnitine by clofibrate." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 251, no. 3 (September 1, 1986): E311—E315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1986.251.3.e311.
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Our previous studies have shown that treatment of rats with clofibrate, a hypolipidemic drug, greatly increases the total concentration of carnitine in the liver (H. S. Paul and S. A. Adibi, J. Clin. Invest. 64: 405-412, 1979). In the present experiment we have investigated some possible mechanisms to account for this increase. Clofibrate treatment (30 mg/100 g rat/day for 2 wk) increased significantly the concentration (nmol/g, mean +/- SE, 6 rats) of both free (289 +/- 21 vs. 1,747 +/- 131) and acylcarnitine (87 +/- 11 vs. 412 +/- 42). These increases were not the result of redistribution of carnitine among tissues or due to a decrease in urinary excretion. In view of previous observations that thyroid hormones increase the hepatic concentrations of carnitine, and clofibrate treatment causes a hyperthyroid state in the liver, we investigated the effect of clofibrate in thyroidectomized rats. Clofibrate treatment of thyroidectomized rats also increased the concentration of free (423 +/- 25 vs. 1,460 +/- 123) and acylcarnitine (35 +/- 6 vs. 305 +/- 31) in the liver. Finally, clofibrate treatment significantly increased the urinary excretion of trimethyllysine, a precursor of carnitine (31 +/- 3 vs. 47 +/- 4 nmol/mg creatinine, mean +/- SE, 5 rats). Our data suggest that clofibrate treatment stimulates hepatic synthesis of carnitine by increasing the availability of its precursor, trimethyllysine. This effect of clofibrate is independent of thyroid hormone.
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Hsieh, Ching Wen, Yi Hsin Chen, Ru Jong Jeng, and Sheng Hong A. Dai. "Convergent Synthesis of Polyimide Dendrimers from an ABB' Intermediate." Advanced Materials Research 716 (July 2013): 438–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.716.438.
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A convergent synthetic approach was applied to 4-(2, 4-diaminophenoxy) phthalic acid ethyl esters (DAPPAcE) by reacting it with mono-anhydride in each successive step and this approach was found to be highly efficient in getting three generations of PI dendrimers than all known dendritc strategies carried out so far in PI preparation.The structures of prepared PI dendritic anhydride intermediates of three generations, [ and PI dendrimers, [, were all positively characterized by 1H-NMRFT-IR and mass spectrometry. GPC analyses showed molecular weight distributions are 1.02 (for [G-[B]), 1.04 (for [G-[) and 1.07 (for [G-[) indicating that they all possess narrow molecular distributions. All PI dendrimers have excellent thermal properties. The 5wt % loss temperature of intermediates [G-[ (X=1, 2, and 3) are between 383°C and 390°C, while their respective [G-[ PI dendrimers (X=1, 2, and 3) are between 412°C and 421°C. [G-[ (X=1, 2, and 3).They all exhibit good solubility behaviors in most organic solvents, and their solubility do not show any appreciable difference between generations.
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Crump, Alan. "Elder Abuse Bennet G Kingston P Elder Abuse Chapman and Hall £14.95 0-412-45310-X." Elderly Care 6, no. 3 (May 1994): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/eldc.6.3.39.s21.
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Santos, Renata Vidal dos, Michelle Garcia Gomes, Gabriela Ciribelli Santos Pompêu, Patrísia de Oliveira Rodrigues, Milla Alves Baffi, Leandro Vinícius Alves Gurgel, and Daniel Pasquini. "Crude glycerol-water organosolv delignification of sugarcane bagasse to produce fermentable sugars." OBSERVATÓRIO DE LA ECONOMÍA LATINOAMERICANA 22, no. 7 (July 15, 2024): e5828. http://dx.doi.org/10.55905/oelv22n7-172.
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This study evaluated the organosolv pretreatment with crude glycerol as a cosolvent for the delignification of raw sugarcane bagasse and the release of fermentable sugars from enriched-cellulose fraction by enzymatic hydrolysis. The pretreated solid fractions were characterized by pulp yield, weight loss, cellulose and hemicellulose content, lignin content, and delignification extent. Condition 9 (210 ºC, 60 min, 8 mL g-1) led to the highest delignification (~79%) with high total reducing sugars (TRS) concentration (~300 g L-1) and lower carbohydrate preservation (< 41%). While condition 1 (180 ºC, 150 min, 8 mL g-1) led to the highest cellulose preservation (~70%) and TRS (> 412 g L-1), even with a lower delignification extent (> 69%). This work contributed to an effective and optimized strategy to reuse crude glycerol in organosolv pretreatment as a facilitator of lignocellulose delignification, in addition to validating new protocols for the biorefinery production chain, providing sustainable biomaterials with added value.
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Chukanov, Nikita V., Sergey N. Britvin, Gerhard Möhn, Igor V. Pekov, Natalia V. Zubkova, Fabrizio Nestola, Anatoly V. Kasatkin, and Maurizio Dini. "Shilovite, natural copper(II) tetrammine nitrate, a new mineral species." Mineralogical Magazine 79, no. 3 (June 2015): 613–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2015.079.3.07.
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AbstractThe new mineral shilovite, the first natural tetrammine copper complex, was found in a guano deposit located on the Pabellón de Pica Mountain, near Chanabaya, Iquique Province, Tarapacá Region, Chile. It is associated with halite, ammineite, atacamite (a product of ammineite alteration) and thénardite. The gabbro host rock consists of amphibole, plagioclase and minor clinochlore, and contains accessory chalcopyrite. The latter is considered the source of Cu for shilovite. The new mineral occurs as deep violet blue, imperfect, thick tabular to equant crystals up to 0.15 mm in size included in massive halite. The mineral is sectile. Its Mohs hardness is 2. Dcalc is 1.92 g cm–3. The infrared spectrum shows the presence of NH3 molecules and NO3– anions. Shilovite is optically biaxial (+), α = 1.527(2), β = 1.545(5), γ = 1.610(2). The chemical composition (electron-microprobe data, H calculated from ideal formula, wt.%) is Cu 26.04, Fe 0.31, N 30.8, O 35.95, H 4.74, total 100.69. The empirical formula is H12.56(Cu1.09Fe0.01)N5.87O6.00. The idealized formula is Cu(NH3)4(NO3)2. The crystal structure was solved and refined to R = 0.029 based upon 2705 unique reflections having F > 4σ(F). Shilovite is orthorhombic, space group Pnn2, a = 23.6585(9), b = 10.8238(4), c = 6.9054(3) Å, V = 1768.3(1) Å3, Z = 8. The strongest reflections of the powder X-ray diffraction pattern [d, Å (I,%) (hkl)] are: 5.931 (41) (400), 5.841 (100) (011), 5.208 (47) (410), 4.162 (88) (411), 4.005 (62) (420), 3.462 (50) (002), 3.207 (32) (031), 2.811 (40) (412).
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Serdar Akin, M., Busra Goncu, and Mutlu B. Akin. "Designing an industrial protocol to develop a new fat-reduced- ice cream formulation by replacing stabilizers with microbial transglutaminase enzyme." Mljekarstvo 69, no. 3 (June 27, 2019): 162–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15567/mljekarstvo.2019.0302.
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In this study, the possibility of replacing stabilizers with microbial transglutaminase (MTG) enzyme in fat-reduced ice cream production was studied. In addition, the stage of adding (before or after the heat treatment) the MTG enzyme to ice cream was also investigated. Five different ice creams (A and C containing 1 unit MTG/g protein without stabilizer, B and D containing 0.5 unit MTG/g protein and 0.35 % stabilizer, which also consist of the mixture of Carrageenan (E 407), Guar gum (E 412), Xanthan gum (E 415) and Sodium alginate (E 401), and E (control) containing 0.7 % stabilizer) were manufactured. MTG has been added to samples A and B after heat treatment while it was added to C and D samples before the heat treatment. An experimental analysis related to the overrun, viscosity melting properties, pH, titratable acidity, dry matter, fat, protein, sensorial and microstructural properties of ice creams was carried out. According to the results, the amount and the adding stage of MTG significantly affected overrun, melting, viscosity, coldness, firmness, smoothness, mouth coating, color, appearance, taste, smell scores, and also microstructure of ice creams (p<0.01). Results also showed that MTG could be used together with other stabilizers after heat treatment in the production of ice cream. Moreover, our findings demonstrated that sample B was the closest to control in terms of sensorial properties.
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MejÃa Pardo, Danny Sorel, and Erika Rocio Robles Romero. "Evaluación de la calidad del aire respecto a las partÃculas menores a 10 micras (PM10 ), en la ciudad de Trujillo, durante los meses abril – julio, 2018." REVISTA TECNOLOGÍA & DESARROLLO 16, no. 1 (November 19, 2018): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18050/td.v16i1.1942.
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La presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal evaluar la calidad de aire con respecto a las partÃculas menores a 10 micras (PM10) en la ciudad de Trujillo, como parte de un estudio descriptivo de caracterización de la calidad del recurso aire.
Para lo cual, se tomó en cuenta las disposiciones y metodologÃa establecidas en el Protocolo Nacional de Calidad del Aire y Gestión de Datos aprobado por la Dirección General de la Salud Ambiental – DIGESA, cuyos criterios permitieron ubicar en la ciudad de Trujillo 7 puntos de muestreo representativos para la medición de material partÃculado (PM10).
El muestreo de PM10 se realizó bajo el método de bajo volumen con el uso de un muestreador ambiental de polvo fino, Instrumex IPM-FDS 2.5µ/10µ, colectando la muestra por un periodo de 24 horas durante 3 dÃas consecutivos para cada punto de muestreo. Para el análisis de la muestra se empleó el método gravimétrico, determinando para cada punto de muestreo, las siguientes concentraciones de PM10: Jirón Francisco Pizarro N° 412 es de 53.86 μg/m3; Av. Prolongación Vallejo s/n (Centro Recreacional la Rinconada) es de 78.19 μg/m3; Av. Salvador Lara Mz. R Lote - 34 es de 53.76 μg/m3; Av. Los Incas N° 405 es de 46.40 μg/m3; Av. VÃctor Larco Herrera N° 13009 es de 69.95 μg/m3; Calle Sta. Teresa de Jesús N° 513 - Monserrate es de 23.28 μg/m3 y Mz. E Lote 17 - Urb. Los Jazmines es de 15.38 μg/m3.
Por lo tanto, de la evaluación realizada se concluyó que las concentraciones de PM10 en cada punto de muestreo se encuentran por debajo del Estándar de Calidad Ambiental para Aire (100 μg/m3) para un periodo de 24 horas según lo establecido en el Decreto Supremo Nº 003-2017-MINAM vigente al momento del estudió, por lo que la calidad del aire en la ciudad de Trujillo es aceptable; resultado contrario a la Evaluación, se halló para las concentraciones de PM10 para los puntos de muestreo del Jirón Francisco Pizarro N° 412; Av. Prolongación Vallejo s/n (Centro Recreacional la Rinconada); Av. Salvador Lara Mz. R Lote - 34 y Av. VÃctor Larco Herrera N° 13009, los cuales superan la concentración umbral de PM10 (50 μg/m3) establecido por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS – 2018).
Palabras Claves: Material partÃculado, PM10, Calidad de aire.
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Bai, Kaifei, Zhen Cui, Enling Li, Yingchun Ding, Jiangshan Zheng, Yanpeng Zheng, and Chang Liu. "Adsorption of alkali metals on graphitic carbon nitride: A first-principles study." Modern Physics Letters B 34, no. 32 (August 3, 2020): 2050361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984920503613.
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The electronic and optical properties of the adsorption of alkali metals (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs) on graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N[Formula: see text] were calculated and studied based on the first principles of density functional theory. The results investigate that alkali metals adsorbed g-C3N4 has metallic properties, while intrinsic g-C3N4 was semiconducting. Importantly, the charge density differential investigated the charge transfer discovered between the alkali metal and the g-C3N4 monolayer. Meanwhile, the charges (electrons) transfer from the alkali metals to the g-C3N4 system leading to the increase of most carriers in the g-C3N4 system, reducing the resistance of sensors, which is conducive to sensor detection applications. The work function of g-C3N4 decreased from 4.82 eV to 4.09 eV. Especially, the work function of Cs-adsorbed g-C3N4 is the lowest at 4.09 eV, and the reduction rate is 15.15 %, indicating it easier to emit electrons from an external electric field. Moreover, the absorption spectrum of the alkali metal adsorbed on g-C3N4 in the visible light range shows absorption peaks at 380 nm, 412 nm, 420 nm and 476 nm, which cover the visible light area. Thus, the alkali metals adsorbed g-C3N4 system can be used for visible light catalytic. Adsorption of alkali metals can expand the application of g-C3N4 in optoelectronic devices.
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Crump, Alan. "Elder Abuse G Bennet Kingston P Elder Abuse Chapman & Hall l62pp £14.95 0-412-45310-X." Nursing Standard 8, no. 27 (March 30, 1994): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.8.27.47.s61.
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Vasu, Sumithira, Susan F. Leitman, John F. Tisdale, Matthew M. Hsieh, Richard W. Childs, A. John Barrett, Daniel H. Fowler, et al. "Donor demographic and laboratory predictors of allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell mobilization in an ethnically diverse population." Blood 112, no. 5 (September 1, 2008): 2092–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2008-03-143677.
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Abstract A reliable estimate of peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) mobilization response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) may identify donors at risk for poor mobilization and help optimize transplantation approaches. We studied 639 allogeneic PBSC collections performed in 412 white, 75 black, 116 Hispanic, and 36 Asian/Pacific adult donors who were prescribed G-CSF dosed at either 10 or 16 μg/kg per day for 5 days followed by large-volume leukapheresis (LVL). Additional LVL (mean, 11 L) to collect lymphocytes for donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) and other therapies was performed before G-CSF administration in 299 of these donors. Day 5 preapheresis blood CD34+ cell counts after mobilization were significantly lower in whites compared with blacks, Hispanics, and Asian/Pacific donors (79 vs 104, 94, and 101 cells/μL, P < .001). In addition, donors who underwent lymphapheresis before mobilization had higher CD34+ cell counts than donors who did not (94 vs 79 cells/μL, P < .001). In multivariate analysis, higher post–G-CSF CD34+ cell counts were most strongly associated with the total amount of G-CSF received, followed by the pre–G-CSF platelet count, pre–G-CSF mononuclear count, and performance of prior LVL for DLI collection. Age, white ethnicity, and female gender were associated with significantly lower post–G-CSF CD34+ cell counts.
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Mutumba, Rolland, Joseph Mbabazi, Hannah Pesu, Eva Greibe, Mette F. Olsen, André Briend, Christian Mølgaard, et al. "Micronutrient Status and Other Correlates of Hemoglobin among Children with Stunting: A Cross-Sectional Study in Uganda." Nutrients 15, no. 17 (August 30, 2023): 3785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15173785.
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In low-income countries, undernutrition and infections play a major role in childhood anemia. Stunted children may be at particular risk of anemia. In a cross-sectional study nested in a nutrition trial among 12–59-month-old stunted children in eastern Uganda, we measured hemoglobin (Hb) and markers of iron, cobalamin, folate and vitamin A status. We assessed low micronutrient status, socio-demography, stunting severity, inflammation and malaria as correlates of Hb and anemia using linear and logistic regression analyses, respectively. Of 750 stunted children, the mean ± SD age was 32.0 ± 11.7 months and 55% (n = 412) were male. The mean Hb was 104 ± 15 g/L and 65% had anemia, Hb < 110 g/L. In a multivariable model with age, sex and inflammation, the following were associated with lower Hb: serum ferritin < 12 µg/L (−5.6 g/L, 95% CI: −8.6; −2.6), transferrin receptors > 8.3 mg/L (−6.2 g/L, 95% CI: −8.4; −4.0), plasma folate <20 nmol/L (−4.6 g/L, 95% CI: −8.1;−1.1), cobalamin < 222 pmol/L (−3.0 g/L, 95% CI: −5.4; −0.7) and serum retinol-binding protein < 0.7 µmol/L (−2.0 g/L, 95% CI: −4.1; 0.2). In addition, severe stunting, inflammation and malaria were negative correlates. Anemia is common among stunted children in eastern Uganda; micronutrient deficiencies, inflammation and malaria are associated with low Hb.
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Davies, David R. "Sam G. Riley, Biographical Dictionary of American Newspaper Columnists. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1995. 412 pp. Cloth, $79.50." American Journalism 13, no. 2 (April 1996): 247–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08821127.1996.10731829.
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Самгина, Т. А., П. М. Назаренко, А. В. Полоников, and В. А. Лазаренко. "Значение однонуклеотидного полиморфизма некоторых генов системы биотрансформации ксенобиотиков в развитии острого панкреатита." Phylogenetic Analysis, no. 1;2020 (February 15, 2020): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24075/vrgmu.2020.008.
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Генетически детерминированные особенности функционирования системы биотрансформации ксенобиотиков играют важную роль в развитии острого панкреатита (ОП) и его осложнений. Целью работы было определить вклад однонуклеотидных полиморфизмов генов CYP1A1 -462 T>C rs1048943, CYP2E1 -1293 G>C rs3813867 и ABCB1 -3435 G>A rs1045642 в развитие ОП и его осложнений. Образцы ДНК получали от 547 неродственных больных ОП (154 женщины и 393 мужчины; средний возраст составил 48,9 ± 13,1), находившихся на стационарном лечении в хирургических отделениях города Курска и 573 неродственных индивида без заболеваний ЖКТ (161 женщина и 412 мужчин; средний возраст — 47,8 ± 12,1). Генотипирование полиморфизма изучаемых генов выполняли методом ПЦР путем дискриминации аллелей с помощью TaqMan-зондов. У 97 пациентов развился инфицированный панкреонекроз (ИП), у 101 — псевдокиста (ПК), у 111 — гнойно-некротический перипанкреатит (ГНП). Установлено, что у носителей аллеля А гена ABCB1 G>A (rs1045642) чаще развивался ОП (p = 0,0008), у носителей генотипа G/G редко развивался как ОП (p = 5·10–4), так и его осложнения: ИП (p = 0,03R), ГНП (p = 0,036R), ПК (p = 0,04R). Отсутствие длительного злоупотребления алкогольными напитками у носителей генотипов G/C–C/C CYP2E1 G>C (rs3813867) редко приводило к развитию ОП (p = 0,03), у носителей генотипа G/C CYP2E1 (rs3813867) (p = 0,05OD) чаще возникала псевдокиста. У носителей генотипа C/C CYP1A1 T>C (rs1048943) ОП чаще осложнялся ИП (p = 0,009R), ГНП (p = 0,003R), ПК (p = 0,003D). В целом, для носителей генотипов G/G ABCB1 G>A (rs1045642) было характерно более легкое течение ОП, тяжелое течение было характерно для носителей C/C CYP1A1 T>C (rs1048943).
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Trotta, Ronald J., Kelly K. Kreikemeier, Randy F. Royle, Todd Milton, and David L. Harmon. "PSIV-9 Effective ruminal degradability of steam-flaked corn is influenced by flake density and starch retrogradation." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_3 (October 8, 2021): 296–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.545.
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Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate in situ ruminal digestion characteristics of steam-flaked corn with large differences in starch availability (SA) using two different models: 1) increasing flake density and 2) exposure to 55°C temperatures to induce starch retrogradation. Five ruminally-cannulated steers (body weight = 390 ± 7.86 kg) were pen-fed a starter diet. In Exp. 1, sifted flakes with flake densities of 257, 296, 335, 373, and 412 g/L (SA: 87%, 76%, 66%, 43%, and 49%, respectively) were evaluated. In Exp. 2, three steam-flaked corn fractions were evaluated: flakes + fines (not sifted), sifted flakes (>4-mm), and sifted fines (< 4-mm). Feed fractions were stored for 3-d at either 23°C or 55°C (average SA across steam-flaked corn fractions: 53.3% and 25.5% respectively). Treatments of Exp. 2 were arranged with a 3 × 2 factorial. Both experiments were duplicated and analyzed as randomized complete block designs. In Exp. 1, the fractional rate of degradation linearly decreased (P < 0.001) and effective ruminal dry matter degradability (ERD) linearly decreased (P < 0.001) from 80.8% to 60.3% as flake density increased from 257 to 412 g/L. In Exp. 2, storage of steam-flaked corn samples at 55ºC for 3-d decreased (P < 0.001) the fractional rate of degradation and ERD by 38.6% and 21.7% across all feed fractions, respectively. Using data from Exp. 1 and 2, SA of sifted flakes was positively correlated (Pearson = 0.8435; R2 = 0.71; P < 0.001) to ERD. The results of the current study demonstrate that decreased SA resulting from starch retrogradation or increased flake density is associated with decreased ERD. Decreases in SA and ERD may indicate that increasing flake density or starch retrogradation could potentially alter the site of digestion in cattle, by increasing postruminal starch flows.
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Baliakas, Panagiotis, Aliki Xochelli, Eva Minga, Anastasia Hadzidimitriou, Vassiliki Douka, George Karavalakis, Ioanna Chouvarda, et al. "Revisiting Hypogammaglobulinemia in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Combined Clinicobiological Approach." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 5633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.5633.5633.
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Abstract Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by progressive hypogammaglobulinemia that can affect one or more immunoglobulin subclasses. Although many underlying mechanisms have been suggested, the pathogenesis of this phenomenon remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we revisit hypogammaglobulinemia in CLL through a combined clinicobiological approach aiming at identifying associations with particular disease profiles that would offer pathogenetic insight and guidance for further research. The study group included 412 CLL patients with available information about serum immunoglobulins either at diagnosis (n=380) or before treatment initiation (n=32). Patient characteristics were as follows: median age: 65 years; males/females: 266/146; Binet stage A: 272/335, unmutated IGHV genes (U-CLL): 140/412 cases (34%); CD38 expression: 59/330 cases (18%); clonotypic IG of the MD or G isotype: 250 and 43 cases, respectively; isolated del(13q): 64/136 (47%); trisomy 12: 18/183 (10%); del(11q): 18/186 (10%); del(17p): 11/189 (6%); NOTCH1 del7544-45/p.P2514Rfs*4: 8/219 (4%). With a median follow up of 5 years, 152/329 cases (46%) received treatment. Decreased immunoglobulin serum levels in at least one subclass were identified in 220/412 patients (53%), as follows: (i) decreased IgM, 172/412 cases (41%); (ii) decreased IgG, 78/412 cases (19%); (iii) decreased IgA, 100/412 cases (24%). In 36/412 cases (9%), a decrease in all serum immunoglobulin subclasses was noted. No statistically significant differences were identified between patients with normal serum immunoglobulin levels versus those with hypogammaglobulinemia regarding age, gender, disease burden at diagnosis, IGHV gene mutational status, CD38 expression, cytogenetic aberrations, NOTCH1 mutations and the incidence of a second malignancy. However patients with hypogammaglobulinemia exhibited increased need for treatment compared to patients with normal serum immunoglobulins (91/175 vs 61/154 respectively, p=0.025). Among cases with hypogammaglobulinemia, 90 (41%) and 26 (12%) exhibited isolated IgM and IgA subclass deficiency, respectively; isolated IgG decrease, was relatively rare (10/220 cases, 4%). Interestingly, when comparing isolated IgA versus other subclass deficiencies, statistically significant associations were identified with (i) advanced clinical stage (Binet B/C, Rai III/IV) (p=0.002); (ii) female gender (p=0.041); and, (iii) NOTCH1 mutations (p=0.004). A propos of the latter, it is noteworthy that in 5/8 (63%) mutant NOTCH1 cases with hypogammaglobulinemia, the affected subclass was IgA. Within our cohort, we identified cases belonging to one of three different, well characterized subsets with stereotyped B-cell receptor immunoglobulin (BcR IG), namely: (1) subset #1 (clan I IGHV genes/IGKV1(D)-39): U-CLL, clinically aggressive, n=12; (2) subset #2 (IGHV3-21/IGLV3-21), mixed IGHV mutational status, noted clinical aggressiveness, n=5; and, (3) subset #4, mutated IGHV4-34/IGKV2-30 BcR IG, clinically indolent, n=12. Notably, all subset #2 cases showed low levels of at least one serum subclass, while in 4/5 and 3/5 cases, two or all three immunoglobulin subclasses were affected. Although numbers are small, the incidence of hypogammaglobulinemia in subset #2 was significantly (p<0.05) higher compared to either subset #1 or subset #4). Univariate analysis revealed clinical stage, CD38 expression and IGHV mutational status as statistically important parameters (p<0.05) for both time-to-first–treatment (TTFT) and overall survival (OS); in contrast, hypogammaglobulinemia had no impact either on on TTFT or OS. In multivariate analysis, clinical stage and IGHV gene mutational status retained independent significance. In conclusion, abnormalities of serum immunoglobulins are detected in CLL patients with heterogeneous clinicobiological profiles, including different disease burden (clinical stage), cytogenetic aberrations and IGHV gene mutational status. However, certain observations reported herein, in particular the high incidence of hypogammaglobulinemia in subset #2 and the association of NOTCH1 mutations with IgA subclass deficiency, are noteworthy and indicate the need for research towards unraveling causal mechanisms among the observed interwined events. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Adnan, Amir Izzuddin, Mei Yin Ong, Saifuddin Nomanbhay, and Pau Loke Show. "Determination of Dissolved CO2 Concentration in Culture Media: Evaluation of pH Value and Mathematical Data." Processes 8, no. 11 (October 29, 2020): 1373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8111373.
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Carbon dioxide is the most influential gas in greenhouse gasses and its amount in the atmosphere reached 412 µmol/mol in August 2020, which increased rapidly, by 48%, from preindustrial levels. A brand-new chemical industry, namely organic chemistry and catalysis science, must be developed with carbon dioxide (CO2) as the source of carbon. Nowadays, many techniques are available for controlling and removing carbon dioxide in different chemical processes. Since the utilization of CO2 as feedstock for a chemical commodity is of relevance today, this study will focus on how to increase CO2 solubility in culture media used for growing microbes. In this work, the CO2 solubility in a different medium was investigated. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and monoethanolamine (MEA) were added to the culture media (3.0 g/L dipotassium phosphate (K2HPO4), 0.2 g/L magnesium chloride (MgCl2), 0.2 g/L calcium chloride (CaCl2), and 1.0 g/L sodium chloride (NaCl)) for growing microbes in order to observe the difference in CO2 solubility. Factors of temperature and pressure were also studied. The determination of CO2 concentration in the solution was measured by gas analyzer. The result obtained from optimization revealed a maximum CO2 concentration of 19.029 mol/L in the culture media with MEA, at a pressure of 136.728 kPa, operating at 20.483 °C.
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Nicodemus, N., J. Mateos, J. C. de Blas, R. Carabaño, and M. J. Fraga. "Effect of diet on amino acid composition of soft faeces and the contribution of soft faeces to total amino acid intake, through caecotrophy in lactating doe rabbits." Animal Science 69, no. 1 (August 1999): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800051201.
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AbstractTwenty-five New Zealand White × Californian lactating doe rabbits were used to study the effect of different dietary fibre concentrations on the amino acid contribution of soft faeces to the total amino acid intake. Five isoenergetic diets containing 312, 334, 360, 384, and 412 g/kg neutral-detergent fibre (DM basis) were formulated. All diets were designed to maintain the same amino acid pattern. Soft faeces production showed a trend to increase (P = 0·07) as dietary fibre increased. The content of isoleucine (P < 0·01), glutamic acid, leucine and alanine (P < 0·05) in soft faeces decreased as the dietary fibre increased. A trend to decrease with the increase of dietary fibre was also observed for aspartic acid (P = 0·06), lysine (P = 0·07), methionine and valine (P = 0·1). As a consequence, the soft faeces contribution to the total intake of individual amino acids did not vary with the type of diet. The average contribution of soft faeces to the total amino acid intake for the most limiting amino acids of lactating doe rabbits under practical conditions, methionine, threonine and lysine, were 0·17 , 0·21 and 0·18 g/g, respectively.
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Bunch, Elaine A. "Spectrophotometric Determination of Aminacrine Hydrochloride in Creams, Jellies, and Suppositories: Interlaboratory Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 70, no. 3 (May 1, 1987): 560–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/70.3.560.
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Abstract A previously reported visible spectrophotometric method for the analysis of aminacrine hydrochloride in creams, jellies, and suppositories was studied collaboratively by 8 laboratories. Aminacrine hydrochloride was extracted into acidic ethanol and its visible spectrum recorded. The amount present was calculated by determining the net absorbance between the absorbance maximum at about 402 nm and one-half the sum of the absorbance of the minima at about 389 and 412 nm. Each collaborator received 4 creams (0.2%), 1 jel (0.2%), 1 molded suppository (6 mg/3.198 g), and 2 gelatin-encapsulated suppository samples (12 mg/6.661 g and 14 mg/6.863 g). The cream samples included blind duplicates prepared to contain 0.212% aminacrine hydrochloride, 15% sulfanilamide, and 2% allantoin. Mean recovery for the authentic cream was 104.7% with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 9.22%. The commercial products contained these respective amounts (CVs): creams, 100.0% (2.48%) and 101.5% (2.16%); jel, 118.0% (9.58%); molded suppository, 102.7% (1.88%); and gelatin encapsulated suppositories, 93.1% (1.0%) and 94.3% (1.60%). Standard aminacrine hydrochloride provided for the study was 99.6% pure by nonaqueous titration. Thin layer chromatographic identification of aminacrine hydrochloride was also tested collaboratively. The method was not adopted by AOAC.
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Kennedy, R. "The Epidemiology of Plant Diseases. Edited by D. G. Jones (1998), pp. 460, £170.00. ISBN 0-412-78330-4." Experimental Agriculture 36, no. 3 (July 2000): 415–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700233097.
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Kondrashov, A. "The basics of selection By G. Bell Chapman & Hall, 1996. £29.95 hbk (xix + 378 pages) ISBN 412 055317." Trends in Ecology & Evolution 12, no. 10 (October 1997): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-5347(97)87395-8.
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Bergstrom, Jon R., Jose Landero, Malachy Young, and Sara Hough. "271 The effects of supplementing diets with 25-OH-D3, with or without increased vitamin E, on the performance of nursery pigs." Journal of Animal Science 102, Supplement_2 (May 1, 2024): 162–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae102.180.
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Abstract A total of 1,440 pigs (Camborough × line 800, PIC Canada) were weaned [(20 d of age, 5.5 kg body weight (BW)] and used to compare the effects of 3 dietary fortification strategies for vitamin D and vitamin E, specifically, on growth performance from d 0 to 42 post-weaning. The 3 vitamin fortification strategies were fed over 3 dietary phases; d 0 to 7 (P1), d 7 to 21 (P2), and d 21 to 42 (P3); and consisted of 1) Control (C), “industry-type” diet that met or exceeded NRC (2012) requirement estimates for each diet phase with 1,500 IU vitamin D3 and 70 IU vitamin E/kg diet; 2) HyD, C with 50 μg 25-OH-D3 added per kg diet; and 3) HyD+E, HyD with 140 IU vitamin E/kg diet. There were 16 pens of 28 to 32 pigs allotted to each fortification strategy in a RCBD based on initial BW. Pens were weighed and feed consumption for each was recorded weekly, and average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed to gain (F/G) were calculated for each week, diet phase, and the overall period. During P1, ADFI was greatest (P < 0.05, 137 g/d) for pigs fed HyD, and pigs fed HyD or HyD+E had greater (P < 0.05) ADG compared with C (117, 110, and 103 g/d, respectively). Pigs fed HyD were heavier (P < 0.05, 6.37 kg) on d 7 compared with pigs fed C (6.27 kg), with pigs fed HyD+E intermediate (6.31 kg), but there were no differences in F/G during P1. During P2, ADFI was greatest (P < 0.05, 502 g/d) for pigs fed HyD, and pigs fed HyD or HyD+E had greater (P < 0.05) ADG compared with C (419, 412, and 401 g/d, respectively). Pigs fed HyD or HyD+E were heavier (P < 0.05) on d 21 compared with pigs fed C (12.22, 12.13, and 11.91 kg, respectively), but there were no differences in F/G during P2. There were no differences in growth performance during P3 or overall (d 0 to 42). Nevertheless, in conclusion, performance differences during P1 and P2 resulted in pigs fed HyD or HyD+E having numerically greater BW (+0.34 kg) and Income-Over-Feed-Cost (+CA $0.31/pig) on d 42 when compared with pigs fed C.
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Relling, Mary V., James M. Boyett, Javier G. Blanco, Susana Raimondi, Frederick G. Behm, John T. Sandlund, Gaston K. Rivera, Larry E. Kun, William E. Evans, and Ching-Hon Pui. "Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and the risk of secondary myeloid malignancy after etoposide treatment." Blood 101, no. 10 (May 15, 2003): 3862–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2002-08-2405.
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Abstract Event-free survival for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) now exceeds 80% in the most effective trials. Failures are due to relapse, toxicity, and second cancers such as therapy-related myeloid leukemia or myelodysplasia (t-ML). Topoisomerase II inhibitors and alkylators can induce t-ML; additional risk factors for t-ML remain poorly defined. The occurrence of t-ML among children who had received granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) following ALL remission induction therapy prompted us to examine this and other putative risk factors for t-ML in 412 children treated on 2 consecutive ALL protocols from 1991 to 1998. All children received etoposide and anthracyclines, 99 of whom received G-CSF; 284 also received cyclophosphamide, 58 of whom also received cranial irradiation. There were 20 children who developed t-ML at a median of 2.3 years (range, 1.0-6.0 years), including 16 cases of acute myeloid leukemia, 3 myelodysplasia, and 1 chronic myeloid leukemia. Stratifying by protocol, the cumulative incidence functions differed (P = .017) according to the use of G-CSF and irradiation: 6-year cumulative incidence (standard error) of t-ML of 12.3% (5.3%) among the 44 children who received irradiation without G-CSF, 11.0% (3.5%) among the 85 children who received G-CSF but no irradiation, 7.1% (7.2%) among the 14 children who received irradiation plus G-CSF, and 2.7% (1.3%) among the 269 children who received neither irradiation nor G-CSF. Even when children receiving irradiation were excluded, the incidence was still higher in those receiving G-CSF (P = .019). In the setting of intensive antileukemic therapy, short-term use of G-CSF may increase the risk of t-ML.
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Samgina, T. A., P. M. Nazarenko, A. V. Polonikov, and V. A. Lazarenko. "The role of some xenobiotic biotransformation genes snp in the development of acute pancreatitis." Bulletin of Russian State Medical University, no. (1)2020 (February 15, 2020): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24075/brsmu.2020.008.
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Genetically determined features of the xenobiotic biotransformation system play an important role in the development of acute pancreatitis (AP) and its complications. The aim of this study was to assess the contribution of 3 SNPs (CYP1A1 -462 T>C rs1048943, CYP2E1 -1293 G>C rs3813867 and ABCB1 -3435 G>A rs1045642) to the development of AP and its complications. DNA samples were collected from 547 unrelated patients with AP (154 women and 393 men; mean age 48.9 ± 13.1 years) undergoing therapy at surgery departments of Kursk and 573 unrelated individuals without gastrointestinal diseases (161 women and 412 men; mean age 47.8 ± 12.1 years). The polymorphisms were genotyped by PCR using TaqMan probes for allele discrimination. Infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) was observed in 97 patients; 101 patients developed a pseudocyst (PC); 111 patients had a peripancreatic necrosis (PN). AP was the most common in the carriers of the А allele in ABCB1 G>A (rs1045642) (p = 0.0008). The carriers of the G/G genotype rarely developed both AP (p = 5·10–4) and its complications: IPN (p = 0.03R), PN (p = 0.036R), PC (p = 0.04R). The carriers of the G/C–C/C CYP2E1 G>C (rs3813867) genotypes who had no long-term history of alcohol abuse rarely developed AP (p = 0.03). The carriers of the G/C CYP2E1 (rs3813867) genotype tended to develop pseudocysts (p = 0.05OD). AP was more frequently complicated by IPN (p = 0.009R), PN (p = 0.003R) and PC (p = 0.003D) in the carriers of the C/C CYP1A1 T>C (rs1048943) genotype. A milder course of AP was typical for the carriers of the G/G ABCB1 G>A (rs1045642) genotype; a more severe course was characteristic of the carriers of the C/C CYP1A1 T>C (rs1048943) genotype.
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Heywood, Philip. "U. Brechtken-Manderscheid, Introduction to the calculus of variations, translated by P. G. Engstrom (Chapman and Hall, London1991), pp. viii + 200, cloth 0 412 36690 8, £27.95, paper 0 412 36700 9, £13.95." Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society 35, no. 3 (October 1992): 522. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0013091500005824.
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Potts, Geoffrey. "Sea bass. Biology, exploitation and conservation, G. D. Pickett and M. G. Pawson, Chapman & Hall, London, 1994. xvi + 337pp. Price £55. ISBN 0 412 40090 1." Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 5, no. 2 (June 1995): 167–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3270050207.
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Gildernew, Evan, Syed Tareq, and Sungwoo Yang. "Three-Dimensional Graphene with Preserved Channeling as a Binder Additive for Zeolite 13X for Enhanced Thermal Conductivity, Vapor Transport, and Vapor Adsorption Loading Kinetics." Catalysts 12, no. 3 (March 4, 2022): 292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12030292.
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Atmospheric water vapor extraction through adsorption to highly porous materials holds promise for its incorporation into broader technologies, including potable water generation. These technologies require breakthroughs in synthesis and design. Here, we demonstrate a composite of zeolite 13X sorbent for high adsorption capacity infiltrated with a light-weight three-dimensional graphene binder, which effectively networks a substrate structure into the sorbent. The composites described maintained fidelity when passing through the pore structure. This was accomplished by the utilization of a sacrificial polymer for safeguarding channel networking during sorbent infiltration of the binder for the extension of substrate networking. The performance measures for adsorbate loadings and thermal flux are evaluated with additional measurements taken for considering compactions of sorbent/substrates. Graphene/Zeolite 13X with preserved channeling demonstrated specific heat flux at 7664 W/kg, while samples without preserved channeling measured 4206 W/kg. A 0.6 g/cm3 compaction resulted in a 412% and a 368% improvement in mass transport while compaction at 1.2 g/cm3 resulted in a 333% and a 290% improvement in mass transport.
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Gordillo Rocha, Gloria, Pablo Bonilla Rivera, Haydee Zuñiga Caceres, Juan Parreño Tipian, Gustavo Guerra Brizuela, Luz Hernandez Calderon, and Gabriela Solano Canchaya. "Efecto protector del Desmodium molliculum EAM (Manayupa) en ratas con toxicidad hepática inducida por Naproxeno." Revista Peruana de Medicina Integrativa 4, no. 3 (December 9, 2019): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.26722/rpmi.2019.v4n3.501.
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Objetivo. Verificar el efecto protector del extracto acuoso de hojas y tallos de Desmodium molliculum EAM (manayupa), en la toxicidad hepática inducida por el naproxeno en ratas Ratus novergicus variedad Wistar albino, hembras. Materiales y métodos. Estudio experimental. Se utilizaron 36 ratas hembras de 250 ± 10 g, divididas en seis grupos de seis: A (control -); B (control + naproxeno); patrón C (silimarina 100 mg / kg) y 3 experimental (EAM): D 80 mg/kg; E 160 mg/kg y F 240 mg/kg). Los grupos B, C, D, E, F recibieron por vía oral naproxeno 27,38 mg, los primeros cinco días y durante 14 días. El efecto protector hepático se determinó mediante el análisis bioquímico: GOT, GPT, GGT, proteínas totales, albúmina sérica, fosfatasa alcalina y creatinina. Resultados. Se encontró que el grupo B perdió peso (180,65 ± 6,5 g), bilirrubina total (0,76 ± 0,4) bilirrubina directa (1.7 ± 0,8), TGO (160 ± 10,4) y TGP (412 ± 20,4) alto, comparado con el grupo A, C, D, E y F. Conclusiones. El EAM tiene efecto protector sobre la toxicidad hepática inducida por naproxeno en ratas, evidenciado por los parámetros bioquímicos.
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Tian, Yushan, Hongjuan Wang, Huan Chen, Xianmei Li, Fengjun Lu, Shuhao Ma, Wenming Wang, et al. "Toxicity evaluation in rats following 28 days of inhalation exposure to xylitol aerosol." Toxicology Research 10, no. 6 (November 26, 2021): 1177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxres/tfab108.
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Abstract Xylitol has reported to decrease gingival inflammation and nasopharyngeal pneumonia, which indicated that xylitol may have potential application in respiratory diseases. Although some studies have reported the inhalation toxicity of xylitol, however, the longest period tested was only for 14 days. The inhalation toxicity of xylitol is insufficient. This work investigated the potential subacute toxicity of xylitol according to the OECD TG 412. Rats were randomly divided into a control group and different dosage groups (2 g/m3, 3 g/m3, 5 g/m3), and exposed for 6 hours/day, 5 days/week for 28 days. At the end of the exposure or recovery period, clinical signs, mortality, body weight, food consumption, hematology, blood biochemistry, gross pathology, organ weight, and histopathology were examined. Compared with the control group, rats of both sexes in the exposure groups exhibited no significant changes in body weight, organ mass, and food uptake. After the xylitol exposure, aspartate aminotransferase activity in the xylitol group (3 g/m3) was significantly higher than that in the control group, while other blood indicators and pathological changes of liver and the analysis of the recovery group showed no changes, suggesting that xylitol exerted no observable toxic effect on the liver. Finally, other observations including the histopathology of target organs and hematology also showed no alterations. These results indicated that xylitol had no significant inhalation toxicity at doses up to 5 g/m3. These subacute inhalation toxicity results of xylitol showed that its no-observed-adverse-effect concentration (NOAEC) in rats was determined to 5 g/m3.
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Lin, Shu-Yu, Yi-Lin Shen, Wei-Hao Chen, Manivannan Govindaraj, and Jhy-Der Chen. "Cu(II) Coordination Polymers Containing Mixed Ligands with Different Flexibilities: Structural Diversity and Iodine Adsorption." Molecules 29, no. 2 (January 8, 2024): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29020311.
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Reactions of N,N′-bis(3-methylpyridyl)oxalamide (L1), N,N’-bis(3-methylpyridyl)adipoamide (L2) and N,N’-bis(3-methylpyridyl)sebacoamide (L3) with tricarboxylic acids and Cu(II) salts afforded {[Cu(L1)(1,3,5-HBTC)]·H2O}n (1,3,5-H3BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid), 1, {[Cu1.5(L2)1.5(1,3,5-BTC)(H2O)2]·6.5H2O}n, 2, [Cu(L2)0.5(1,3,5-HBTB)]n (1,3,5-H3BTB = 1,3,5-tri(4-carboxyphenyl)benzene), 3, [Cu4(L3)(OH)2(1,3,5-BTC)2]n, 4, {[Cu3(L3)2(1,3,5-BTB)2]·2.5MeOH·2H2O}n, 5, and {[Cu3(L3)2(1,3,5-BTB)2 ]·DMF·2H2O}n, 6, which have been structurally characterized by using single crystal X-ray crystallography. Complexes 1–4 form a 2D layer with the {44.62}-sql topology, a 2D layer with the (4.62)2(42.62.82)-bex topology, a three-fold interpenetrated 3D net with the (412·63)-pcu topology and a 3D framework with the (410·632·83)(42·6)2(43·63) topology, respectively, whereas 5 and 6 are 3D frameworks with the (63)2(64·82)(68·85·102) topology. Complex 5 shows a better iodine adsorption factor of 290.0 mg g−1 at 60 °C for 360 min than the other ones, revealing that the flexibility of the spacer ligand governs the structural diversity and the adsorption capacity.
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Giordano, Guido, Vanja Vaccaro, Eleonora Lucchini, Paola Bertocchi, Francesca Bergamo, Gianna Musettini, Matteo Santoni, et al. "Analysis of prognostic factors in advanced pancreatic cancer (APDAC) patients (pts) undergoing to first-line nab-paclitaxel (Nab-P) and gemcitabine (G) treatment." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, no. 3_suppl (January 20, 2015): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.3_suppl.412.
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412 Background: Nab-P + G combination represents an optimal first line therapeutic option in APDAC. Actually we have no parameters to predict prognosis in pts receiving this regimen. Here we present data of a multicentre retrospective analysis evaluating prognostic impact of clinical or biological factors in a cohort of APDAC pts treated with Nab-P + G first line CT. Methods: Clinical records of 118 APDAC pts receiving first line Nab-P + G were retrospectively reviewed. Overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) were evaluated with Kaplan Meier method with 95% CI and curves were compared with log-rank test. Cox-regression model was applied to the data with univariate and multivariate approach. Variables included in analysis were age, gender, ECOG PS, primary tumor site, liver metastases, multiple metastatic sites, baseline CA19-9, bilirubin levels, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), CA19-9 decrease > 50%, biliary stent and symptomatic disease. Results: Median age was 66 (37 - 83), M/F:65/53, ECOG PS 0/1/2: 51/46/21 respectively. 4 complete and 27 partial responses were observed with 26% response rate (RR). Median OS and PFS were 11 months (95% CI 9.58 – 12.41) and 7 months ( 95% CI 5.96 – 8.03) respectively. When considered at univariate analysis primary tumor location to the head, ECOG PS of 2, bilirubin levels higher than median and NLR ≥ 5 had a bad prognostic impact both on PFS and OS. Differently, CA19-9 decrease > 50% was considered a positive prognostic factor for PFS and OS. Multivariate analysis confirmed the negative role of NLR ≥ 5 respect of PFS (HR 3.21; 95%CI 1.61 – 5.68, p = 0.002) and OS (HR 3.38; 95%CI 1.88 – 5.79, p = 0.001) and positive impact of CA19-9 decrease > 50% on PFS (HR 0.37; 95% CI 0.11 – 0.68, p=0.006) and OS (HR 0.53; 95% CI 0.15 – 0.97, p=0.005), as independent prognostic factors. Conclusions: This analysis suggest that in APDAC pts receiving first line Nab-P + G, high NLR value (≥5) could be considered an easy detectable, independent parameter to predict poor outcomes in terms of PFS and OS. Furthermore CA19-9 reduction > 50% from baseline may be, in absence of other clinical and molecular parameters, an early marker of good prognosis.
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Buda, Gabriele, Alessandro Martino, Daniele Campa, Juan Sainz, Rui Manuel Vieira Reis, Ramón García-Sanz, Krzysztof Jamroziak, et al. "Polymorphisms in Regulators of Xenobiotic Transport and Metabolism Genes NR1I2 and NR1I3 and Multiple Myeloma Risk: A Case-Control Study in the Context of IMMEnSE Consortium." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 5014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.5014.5014.
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Abstract Abstract 5014 Exposure to toxic compounds and pesticides leads to an increased risk to develop Multiple Myeloma (MM). The metabolism and the excretion of xenobiotics are mediated by the enzymes and transporters acting in the detoxifying/elimination process. The nuclear receptors NR1I2 (or PXR) and NR1I3 (or CAR) act as xenosensor activating the detoxifying/elimination process in response to the intracellular levels of xenobiotics. It has been hypothesized that part of the individual variability in drug metabolism efficiency could be due to the genetic variations within these regulator genes affecting their expression and/or function. To investigate the impact of genetic variation within these genes on MM susceptibility, we selected and genotyped 10 tag Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the PXR gene and 7 tag SNPs in the CAR gene in 627 MM cases (320 males and 307 females) and 883 (459 males and 424 females) controls from different European populations. All the SNPs were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p>0.001), with the exception of the PXR SNP rs2461818 that was therefore excluded from the analysis. We found no association of any of the genotyped SNPs with MM risk. In the same way, haplotype distribution showed no differences between cases and controls. This was the first comprehensive investigation of genetic variation in xenobiotic regulators genes PXR and CAR in relation to MM risk and our data suggest that common variants in these genes have no impact in modifying MM risk. Table I. Genotype distribution of the PXR and CAR SNPs among MM cases and controls. SNP (rs) Cases (%) Controls (%) OR* 95%C.I. p-value p-trend PXR C/C 429 (69.5) 623 (70.7) 1.00 Ref 0.423 rs10511395 A/C 160 (25.9) 228 (25.9) 1.02 0.81 – 1.30 0.851 A/A 28 (4.6) 30 (3.4) 1.38 0.81 – 2.35 0.232 PXR C/C 452 (74.0) 656 (74.8) 1.00 Ref 0.451 rs1054190 C/T 137 (22.4) 200 (22.8) 1.00 0.78 – 1.28 0.993 T/T 22 (3.6) 21 (2.4) 1.56 0.84 – 2.88 0.155 PXR C/C 412 (65.9) 591 (67.2) 1.00 Ref 0.819 rs11917714 C/T 190 (30.4) 250 (28.5) 1.07 0.85 – 1.35 0.535 T/T 23 (3.7) 38 (4.3) 0.84 0.49 – 1.44 0.536 PXR C/C 223 (36.3) 296 (33.7) 1.00 Ref 0.126 rs12488820 C/T 289 (47.0) 407 (46.4) 0.93 0.74 – 1.18 0.574 T/T 103 (16.7) 175 (19.9) 0.79 0.58 – 1.06 0.119 PXR G/G 430 (69.6) 593 (67.4) 1.00 Ref 0.807 rs13071341 A/G 166 (26.9) 269 (30.6) 0.85 0.67 – 1.07 0.158 A/A 22 (3.5) 18 (2.0) 1.70 0.90 – 3.22 0.102 PXR A/A 352 (58.7) 516 (39.4) 1.00 Ref 0.981 rs3237359 A/G 209 (34.8) 291 (33.5) 1.04 0.83 – 1.30 0.720 G/G 39 (6.5) 62 (7.1) 0.90 0.59 – 1.37 0.619 PXR C/C 255 (41.2) 383 (43.6) 1.00 Ref 0.815 rs13059232 C/T 299 (48.3) 390 (44.4) 1.16 0.93 – 1.44 0.192 T/T 65 (10.5) 106 (12.0) 0.94 0.66 – 1.33 0.711 PXR A/A 300 (48.7) 437 (49.7) 1.00 Ref 0.258 rs3732357 A/G 240 (39.0) 361 (41.0) 0.94 0.75 – 1.17 0.589 G/G 76 (12.3) 82 (9.3) 1.31 0.92 – 1.85 0.130 PXR T/T 328 (53.6) 463 (52.9) 1.00 Ref 0.424 rs1357459 C/T 249 (40.7) 345 (39.4) 1.02 0.82 – 1.27 0.850 C/C 35 (5.7) 67 (7.7) 0.75 0.49 – 1.17 0.206 CAR A/A 218 (35.4) 335 (38.1) 1.00 Ref 0.571 rs3003596 A/G 296 (48.0) 393 (44.7) 1.16 0.93 – 1.46 0.191 G/G 102 (16.6) 151 (17.2) 1.04 0.77 – 1.41 0.799 CAR G/G 264 (42.7) 371 (42.0) 1.00 Ref 0.642 rs3813627 G/T 276 (44.7) 392 (44.4) 0.98 0.79 – 1.23 0.882 T/T 78 (12.6) 120 (13.6) 0.91 0.66 – 1.26 0.581 CAR A/A 441 (73.1) 635 (73.5) 1.00 Ref 0.911 rs11265571 A/T 147 (24.4) 207 (24.0) 1.01 0.79 – 1.29 0.911 T/T 15 (2.5) 22 (2.5) 0.97 0.49 – 1.89 0.921 CAR T/T 404 (64.2) 575 (65.7) 1.00 Ref 0.836 rs2307418 G/T 193 (31.1) 268 (30.6) 1.02 0.81 – 1.27 0.879 G/G 23 (3.7) 32 (3.7) 1.05 0.60 – 1.83 0.863 CAR C/C 348 (56.6) 508 (57.7) 1.00 Ref 0.527 rs2502805 C/T 220 (35.8) 313 (35.6) 1.05 0.84 – 1.30 0.693 T/T 47 (7.6) 59 (6.7) 1.16 0.77 – 1.74 0.484 CAR A/A 245 (39.8) 346 (39.4) 1.00 Ref 0.770 rs4073054 A/C 291 (47.2) 412 (46.9) 0.98 0.78 – 1.22 0.855 C/C 80 (13.0) 120 (13.7) 0.94 0.68 – 1.31 0.720 CAR C/C 360 (57.6) 524 (59.8) 1.00 Ref 0.391 rs4233368 A/C 225 (36.0) 302 (34.4) 1.09 0.88 – 1.36 0.439 A/A 40 (6.4) 51 (5.8) 1.15 0.74 – 1.78 0.538 Genotype distribution among MM cases and controls in the overall population. * OR are adjusted for age, gender and region of origin. Differences in samples numbers are due to failures in genotyping. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Wilder, Joseph. "A Review of: “Intelligent Visual Inspection” Ryan G. Rosandich Chapman & Hall, 1997, 306 pp., ISBN 0 412 70800 0." IIE Transactions 30, no. 6 (June 1998): 577–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07408179808966502.
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Eremeeva, N. B., and N. V. Makarova. "Antioxidant properties of medicinal plants and their effect on microbial spoilage of semi-finished meat, poultry and fish." Proceedings of Universities. Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology 11, no. 4 (January 8, 2022): 590–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/2227-2925-2021-11-4-590-602.
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Plant extracts rich in polyphenols can be used in the food industry as natural preservatives, extending the shelf life of prepared and semi-finished foods without chemical preservatives. In this paper, we investigate the polyphenolic composition, antioxidant activity and antibacterial properties of herbal extracts as part of food systems. The research objects were knot grass (Polýgonum aviculáre), marjoram (Oríganum), bur beggar-ticks (Bídenstripartíta), thyme (Thymus), whortleberry leaves (Vaccínium ida vítis), calendula (Calendula), sage (Salvia), chamomile flowers (Matricāriachamomīlla), eucalyptus (Eucalýptus) and bearberry (Arctostáphylosúva-úrsi). We determined the total content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids; the antioxidant activity by DPPH and FRAP methods; variations in the bacterial сontamination of animal raw materials over total bacterial count (TBC), coliform bacteria, yeast/fungi, salmonella and staphylococcus. Extracts of sage (1138±57 mg GA/100 g and 537±25 mg C/100 g), eucalyptus (1073±49 mg GA/100 g and 412±20 mg C/100 g), chamomile flowers (1002±36 mg GA/100 g and 493±22 mg C/100 g) and marjoram (1015±42 mg GA/100 g and 458±21 mg C/100 g) contain the largest amount of biologically active substances (phenols and flavonoids, respectively). Sage, eucalyptus and chamomile extracts demonstrate the highest antioxidant activity among the studied samples. Most of the studied extracts exhibit little or no effect on the organoleptic properties of finished products. In addition, chamomile flower, sage and eucalyptus extracts suppress the growth of pathogenic microorganisms in foods under experimental conditions. The microflora growth is significantly reduced when treating animal raw materials with calendula flowers, marjoram and thyme extracts. Extracts of sage, chamomile flowers, calendula flowers, marjoram and thyme can be recommended as components of food raw materials.
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Rahn, R. Joel. "Book Review: System dynamics modelling, a practical approach. R. G. Coyle, Chapman & Hall, London, 1996, pp.xiv + 413, Hardback, ISBN 0-412-61710-2, Price: US$79.95, £49.00." System Dynamics Review 13, no. 4 (1997): 341–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1727(199724)13:4<341::aid-sdr137>3.0.co;2-m.
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Dehoux, J. P., A. Buldgen, P. Dachet, and A. Dieng. "Influence de la saison et de la concentration énergétique de l'aliment sur les performances de croissance de pintadeaux (Numida meleagris) en région tropicale." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 50, no. 4 (April 1, 1997): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9561.
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Deux expériences de croissance de pintadeaux de chair ont été réalisées durant 15 semaines au Sénégal. La première expérience a été conduite en saison sèche sur 198 pintadeaux répartis en 2 lots subdivisés chacun en 3 répétitions de 33 animaux. Pendant les périodes de démarrage, de croissance et de finition, les lots ont été nourris avec deux types d'aliments : 2 550 kcal/kg pour les aliments " basse énergie " (BE) et 2 800 kcal/kg pour les aliments " témoins " (T). La seconde expérience a été conduite en saison pluvieuse en respectant un protocole expérimental identique. Au cours de la saison sèche, le poids vif moyen à 15 semaines de 1 805 g pour le lot T a été significativement plus faible pour le lot BE avec un écart de 412 g entre les deux régimes. En saison des pluies, les poids vifs moyens à 15 semaines étaient significativement inférieurs : respectivement - 488 et - 274 g pour les lots T et BE en comparaison des performances enregistrées en saison sèche. La différence de poids vif enregistrée entre les régimes T et BE était significative pendant cette saison, mais elle s'élevait seulement à 198 g. La consommation d'aliments a été significativement plus élevée pour le lot T pendant les deux saisons (différence de 18 g par jour en saison sèche et de 8 g par jour en saison pluvieuse). Aucune différence significative n'a été mise en évidence entre les deux lots pour l'indice de consommation, mais celui-ci était significativement plus élevé pendant la saison pluvieuse (5,3 contre 4,5 pendant la saison sèche). Aucune mortalité n'a été observée pendant les deux expériences.
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Singh, Anupama, Sateesha Shivally Boregowda, Afrasim Moin, Amr Selim Abu Lila, Mohammed F. Aldawsari, El-Sayed Khafagy, Hadil Faris Alotaibi, and Rajamma Abburu Jayaramu. "Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Commiphora mukul Extract: Evaluation of Anti-Arthritic Activity in Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis Rat Model." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 11 (October 28, 2022): 2318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14112318.
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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a major global public health challenge, and novel therapies are required to combat it. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been employed as delivery vehicles of anti-inflammatory drugs for RA therapy, and it has been recently realized that AgNPs have anti-inflammatory action on their own. However, their conventional synthesis processes might result in cytotoxicity and environmental hazards. Instead, the use of natural products as a reducing and stabilizing agent in the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles has arisen as an option to decrease the cytotoxic and environmental concerns associated with chemical synthesis of AgNPs. In this study, we challenged the efficacy of Commiphora mukul (guggul) aqueous extract as a reducing and/or capping agent for the biosynthesis of AgNPs. Guggul-mediated biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs) were characterized via UV-vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, their anti-arthritic potential was evaluated in an adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) model. The fabricated NPs showed an absorption peak at 412 nm, corresponding to the typical surface plasmon resonance band of AgNPs. The synthesized G-AgNPs were nearly spherical, with a particle size of 337.6 ± 12.1 nm and a negative surface charge (−18.9 ± 1.8 mV). In AIA rat model, synthesized G-AgNPs exerted a potent anti-inflammatory action, as manifested by a remarkable reduction in paw volume (>40%) along with elicitation of a minimal arthritic score, compared to control rats. In addition, when compared to arthritic rats, treatment with G-AgNPs efficiently restored the activity of antioxidant enzyme, superoxide dismutase, and catalase, indicating the efficiency of synthesized G-AgNPs in alleviating the oxidative stress associated with RA. Finally, histological examination revealed comparatively lower inflammatory cells infiltration in ankle joint tissue upon treatment with G-AgNPs. Collectively, biosynthesized G-AgNPs might represent a plausible therapeutic option for the management of RA.
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Aseeva, Tatiana A., Kristina V. Zenkina, and Irina V. Lomakina. "Creation of new source material of spring wheat in conditions of Middle Priamurye." Far Eastern Agrarian Herald 18, no. 1 (2024): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22450/1999-6837-2024-18-1-16-25.
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The studies were conducted in 2018–2023 in the Far Eastern Agricultural Research Institute with the aim of creating new source material of spring soft wheat for the soil and climatic conditions of the Middle Priamurye. It was established that the share of the "year" contribution was 56.25%, the share of the "variety" contribution was 34.43%, and the influence of the "variety × year" factors was 9.32%. As a result of the research, 25 collection varieties of spring soft wheat with high resistance to lodging were identified, exceeding the standard Khabarovchanka variety (363 g/m2) by an average of 29–412 g/m2: Anfeya, Dalira (Russia, Khabarovsk krai), Kalinka (Russia, Moscow region), Bulyak, Hayat, Al Varis, Ioldyz (Russia, Tatarstan), Alabuga, Tyumenochka (Russia, Tyumen region), Omskaya Yubileinaya, Stolypinskaya 2 (Russia, Omsk region), Voevoda, Prokhorovka (Russia, Saratov region), Tulaikovskaya 108, Tulaikovskaya 110 (Russia, Samara region), Mertsana (Russia, Tambov region), Rodnik (Russia, Chelyabinsk region), Sr9b, Sr5 (Australia), Calispero (France), Morocco (Africa), Jasna (Poland), Stepnaya 100, Almaken (Kazakhstan), Boett (Sweden). Varieties with high and stable formation of grain yield were noted, regardless of the influence of negative environmental factors: Jasna (Poland) – 475 g/m2, Morocco (Africa) – 499 g/m2, Tulaikovskaya 110 (Russia, Samara region) – 568 g/m2, Alabuga (Russia, Tyumen region) – 621 g/m2, Voevoda (Russia, Saratov region) – 775 g/m2. As a result of intraspecific hybridization, 46 hybrid combinations were obtained with a total number of hybrid grains – 1 685 pieces and an average set rate of 44.5%. In 8 combinations, forward and reverse crossings were made. It has been established that the percentage of setting is significantly higher when using local selection varieties Anfeya and Dalira as a maternal form (Anfeya × Kalinka – 66%, Dalira × Kalinka – 62%) than as a paternal form (Kalinka × Anfeya – 17%, Kalinka × Dalira – 2%).
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Keszthelyi, Sándor, Helga Lukács, and Ferenc Pál-Fám. "Effects of Different Infra-Red Irradiations on the Survival of Granary Weevil Sitophilus granarius: Bioefficacy and Sustainability." Insects 12, no. 2 (January 25, 2021): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12020102.
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Sitophilus granarius (L.) is an important pest of stored grain worldwide. In recent years, sustainable methods against it have received attention as grain stock protective means. Our aim was to obtain information about the efficacy of infrared irradiation (IR) against S. granarius in laboratory conditions. The change in adult-activity and median lethal dose (LD50) triggered by IR in S. granarius was examined. The insecticidal efficacy in the infested grains was also analyzed at 12, 24, 48, and 72h following exposure to IR (250W), and the progeny-production was assessed 45 days upon the treatment. Based on our findings, total mortality ensued in a grain stock of 50 g at 412 s and a for 100 g grain at 256 s. A significant increase in S. granarius mortality could be observed in the higher grain weight regime, which can be accounted for by the higher heat-absorbance of objects with higher weight. The activity of pests immediately after the beginning of IR increased and subsequently became moderated. The observation of activity-peak brought about by irradiation contribute to the optimization of chemical intervention. This treatment could provide an effective and sustainable technique in integrated pest management.
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Ehlers, J�rgen. "Platenatlas van noordelijke kristallijne gidsegesteenten JACOB G. ZANDSTRA Publisher Backhuys, Leiden, 1999 (412 pp), NLG 140, ISBN 90-5782-014-5." Journal of Quaternary Science 15, no. 5 (2000): 561–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1099-1417(200007)15:5<561::aid-jqs509>3.0.co;2-c.
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