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Lindblad, Per, Ulf Cronquist, Arne Olofsson, Ronald Paul, Sigrid Dentler, and Ann-Mari Gunnesson. "Reviews and notices." Moderna Språk 100, no. 2 (December 1, 2006): 361–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.58221/mosp.v100i2.9226.
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Includes the following reviews: p. 361-363. Per Lindblad. Silverman, D. A critical Introduction to Phonolgy. p. 364-366. Ulf Cronquist. Tomasello, M. Constructing a Language. A Usage-Based Theory of Language Acquisition. p. 366-369. Arne Olofsson. Leech, G. A Glossary of English Grammar. p. 369-370. Ronald Paul. O'Hearn, D. Bobby Sands: Nothing but an Unfinished Song. p. 371-375. Sigrid Dentler. Rosén, CH. "Warum klingt des nicht deutsch?" - Probleme der Informations-strukturierung in deutschen Texten schwedischer Shüler und Studenten. p. 375-376. Ann-Mari Gunnesson. Sanaker, J. K. Holter, K. & Skattum, I. (2006) La francophonie - une introduction critique.
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Putra, S., Y. Ferry, and N. Heryana. "The effectiveness of essential oils as a biofungicide and potassium fertilizers in control of rubber leaf fall disease (Corynespora sp.)." E3S Web of Conferences 373 (2023): 07007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202337307007.
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Corynespora causes leaf fall disease in rubber plants. Control can be done with bio fungicides and potassium fertilizer. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of essential oils and potassium fertilizer in controlling rubber leaf fall disease. The research was conducted from January to December 2018 in Landak Regency, West Kalimantan. The study used a randomized block design with 13 treatments repeated 3 times. The treatment is without biofungicide and KCl, citronella oil + (KCl 250 g, 312.5 g, and KCl 375 g), clove oil + (KCl 250 g, 312.5 g, and 375 g), liquid smoke + (KCl 250 g, 312.5 g, and 375 g), chemical fungicides (mancozeb) + (KCl 250 g, 312.5 g, and 375 g). The results showed that citronella oil, clove oil, and liquid smoke had the same inhibitory power as chemical fungicides. The combination of citronella oil with fertilizer KCl 312.5 g/plant/year and clove oil with KCl 375 g/plant/year can reduce the intensity of Corynospora attack up to 7.33% with inhibition of rubber leaf fall disease reaching 90.09% and can maintain yield of 28.1-28.3 g/tapping (94.33%). KCl fertilizer increased the lignin content of rubber leaves by 22.63%.
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DAVIDSON, GORDON R., JOHN C. FRELKA, MAI YANG, THOMAS M. JONES, and LINDA J. HARRIS. "Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella on Inshell California Walnuts." Journal of Food Protection 78, no. 8 (August 1, 2015): 1547–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-15-001.
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Inshell walnuts collected from California walnut handlers over four harvests were evaluated for the presence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella. E. coli O157:H7 was not detected in any of 2,903 375-g samples evaluated in 2011, 2012, and 2013 (<0.034% prevalence; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0 to 0.13%). Salmonella was not isolated from any of the 935 samples in 2010 (100 g evaluated; <0.11% prevalence; 95% CI, 0 to 0.41%) but was isolated from 2 of 905 (375 g; 0.22% prevalence; 95% CI, 0.061 to 0.80%), 1 of 998 (375 g; 0.10% prevalence; 95% CI, 0.018 to 0.56%), and 1 of 1,000 (375 g; 0.10% prevalence; 95% CI, 0.018 to 0.56%) samples in 2011, 2012, and 2013, respectively, for an average annual prevalence of 0.14% (375 g; 95% CI, 0.054 to 0.35%). The levels of Salmonella in positive samples determined by a modified most-probable-number (MPN) method were estimated to be 0.32 to 0.42 MPN/100 g (95% CI, 0.045 to 3.6 MPN/100 g).
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Suriadi, Suriadi, Fadly H. Yusran, Abdi Fithria, Noor Arida Fauzana, and Ihsan Noor. "The Effect of Organic Materials on the Acidity and Organic Carbon for Floating Media in Lebak Swampland." Technium Sustainability 6 (June 11, 2024): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/sustainability.v6i.11195.
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The potential of floating cultivation in lebak swampland, particularly during flood periods, is underscored by this study. Composted aquatic weeds, a rich source of organic matter, are a key component of this potential. The study measures the nutrient content in the compost and chicken manure and analyzes the effect of both on the nutrient content in floating systems. The compost and chicken manure, with their slightly acidic pH and very high organic-C content, hold significant promise. The best-growing medium, a blend of compost (375 g) and chicken manure (375 g), demonstrates optimal pH and organic-C content. Soil treatment (500 g) and compost (250 g) show the most significant effect on eggplant plant height, while the best yield is obtained from the treatment of compost (375 g) and chicken manure (375 g).
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Sarker, Babul C., and MA Rahim. "Effects of Doses and Splits of Fertilizer Application on Harvesting Time, Yield and Quality of Mango CV. Amrapali." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 37, no. 2 (July 14, 2012): 279–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i2.11231.
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The experiment was carried out at the Germplasm Centre of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the fruiting season of 2005-06 to investigate the effects of fertilizer and its installment of application on harvesting time, yield and quality of fruits of 8 years old mango plant cv. Amrapali. Four fertilizer doses i.e. T1 : 50% of the fertilizer dose (cowdung 12.5 kg, urea 375 g, TSP200g, MoP125 g, gypsum 125 g and zinc sulphate 7.5 g per plant), T2 : 100% of the fertilizer dose (cowdung 25 kg, urea 750 g, TSP400 g, MoP 250 g, gypsum 250 g and zinc sulphate 15 g per plant), T3 : 150% of the fertilizer dose (cowdung 37.5 kg, urea 1125 g, TSP 600 g, MoP 375 g, gypsum 375 g and zinc sulphate 22.5 g per plant), and T4 : control (no fertilizer) and three splits of application i.e. A1 : One installment (whole fertilizer applied on 15 September), A2 : Two installments (15 September and 15 March) and A3 : Three installments (15 September, 15 March and 15 May) were included as treatments. Plants receiving 150% of the fertilizer dose in three installments caused delayed harvest by 11 days compared to control than that of the control. Plants treated with 150% of fertilizer dose in combination with three installments produced the highest number of fruits (96/ plant) as well as the highest yield (19.55 kg/plant) as compared to control (23/ plant and 3.48 kg/plant). Applying fertilizer at 150% of the fertilizer dose in three installments improved the fruit quality with regard to TSS, pH, titratable acidity, vitamin C, moisture content, dry matter content, reducing sugar, non reducing sugar and total sugar content over control. Thus, this treatment may be recommended for fertilizer management in mango cultivation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i2.11231 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(2): 279-293, June 2012
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Jordan, E., D. K. Lovett, M. Hawkins, J. J. Callan, and F. P. O'Mara. "The effect of varying levels of coconut oil on intake, digestibility and methane output from continental cross beef heifers." Animal Science 82, no. 6 (December 2006): 859–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asc2006107.
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This experiment sought to establish the response to increasing levels of coconut oil (CO) supplementation with a fixed 0·50:0·50 forage:concentrate diet on intake, digestibility and methane (CH4) emissions. Sixteen continental cross beef heifers (mean starting weight 481±36 kg) were assigned randomly to one of four levels of CO; 0 g/day, 125 g/day, 250 g/day or 375 g/day in an incomplete (three periods) multiple (no. =4) Latin-square design experiment (no. =12 per treatment). A linear reduction in CH4 output occurred as the level of CO in the diet increased ( P<0·001) with the greatest reduction at the 375 g/day level (394, 341, 314 and 240 l/day for animals fed 0, 125, 250 and 375 g/day CO, respectively). As the level of CO increased dry-matter (DM) intake (DMI) decreased, however these differences were only statistically significant at the 375 g/day level ( P <0·001). The proportional reduction in CH4 output was greater than the proportional reduction in DMI and hence CH4 l/kg DMI decreased from 39·8 l/kg when no CO was given to 29·7 l/kg when 375 g/day CO was given. The addition of CO to the diet resulted in a significant decline in dry-matter digestibility (DMD) at the 375 g/day level (P<0·05). These data demonstrate that the inclusion of CO at levels from 0·013 to 0·045 of the dietary DM within a 0·50:0·50 silage and concentrate ration reduces CH4 production with no adverse effect on DMI or DMD up to the 250 g/day level (0·027 of dietary DM).
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Imoloame, Emmanuel. "Weed control and productivity of maize (Zea mays L.)." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 65, no. 2 (2020): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas2002121i.
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Field trials were conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of Kwara State University, Malete, to determine the weed control method that will be more effective in controlling weeds and give higher grain yield and cash returns in the production of maize. The experiment consisted of 9 treatments: Primextra + Aminicome at 1.5 + 1.5 kg ha-1 (metolachlor 375 g a.i. ha-1 + atrazine 375 g a.i. ha- 1 + 2,4 - D 900 g a.i. ha-1), Primextra + Aminicome at 2.0 + 2.0 kg ha-1 (metolachlor 500 g a.i. ha-1 + atrazine 500 g a.i. ha-1 + 2,4 - D 1200 g a.i. ha-1), Primextra + Aminicome at 2.5 + 2.5 kg ha-1 (metolachlor 750 g a.i. ha-1 + atrazine 750 g a.i. ha-1 + 2,4 - D 1500 g a.i. ha-1), Primextra + Guard force at 1.5 + 0.03 kg ha-1 (metolachlor 375 g a.i. ha-1 + atrazine 375 g a.i. ha-1 + nicosulfuron 1.2 g a.i. ha-1 ), Primextra + Guard force at 2.0 + 0.05 kg ha-1 (metolachlor 500 g a.i. ha-1 + atrazine 500 g a.i. ha-1 + nicosulfuron 2.0 g a.i. ha-1), Primextra + Guard force at 2.5 + 0.07 kg ha-1 (metolachlor 750 g a.i. ha-1 + atrazine 750 g a.i. ha-1 + nicosulfuron 2.8 g a.i. ha-1), Primextra at 1.5 kg ha-1 (metolachlor 375 g a.i. ha-1 + atrazine 375 g a.i. ha-1) + one supplementary hoe weeding (SHW) at 6 weeks after sowing (WAS), two hand weedings at 3 and 6 weeks after sowing (WAS) and a weedy check. These treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance using the Statistical Analysis Software (SAS) package, after which means were separated using Duncan?s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Results showed that treatment combinations of Primextra at 1.5 Kg ha-1 + one SHW at 6 WAS, two hoe weedings at 3 and 6 WAS, Primextra + Aminicome at 2.0 + 2.0 kg ha-1 and Primextra + Guard force at 2.0 + 0.05 kg ha-1 gave effective weed control, higher grain yield and cash returns. They are therefore recommended for application in rotation by farmers in Malete.
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Sidik, Jatmiko Umar, Dad Resiworo Jekti Sembodo, Rusdi Evizal, and Hidayat Pujisiswanto. "EFIKASI HERBISIDA PARAKUAT UNTUK PENGENDALIAN GULMA PADA BUDIDAYA KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) TANAMAN BELUM MENGHASILKAN." Jurnal Agrotek Tropika 8, no. 2 (May 20, 2020): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jat.v8i2.3910.
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Good plantation management is important to increase the productivity of immature oil palm plants, one of which is chemical weed control. This study aims to (1) determine the dosage of paraquat herbicide which is effective in controlling weeds in the area of immature oil palm plantations, (2) find out the differences in the composition of weed species on immature oil palm plates after application of the paraquat herbicide, (3) find out the phytotoxicity of paraquat herbicides in immature oil palm plants after the application of the paraquat dichloride herbicide. This research was carried out in the farmers' oil palm plantation in Jontor Village, Gayabaru District , Central Lampung Regency and Weed Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung from November 2017 to February 2018. This research used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 4 replications and 6 treatments consisting dose of paraquat dichloride herbicide of 375g / ha, 500 g / ha, 625 g / ha, 750 g / ha, and mechanical weeding and without weed control (control). Homogeneity of the various data was tested by the Bartlett test, data additivity was tested by the Tukey test and the difference in the mean was tested with the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at α 5 level. The result of the study showed that : (1) the herbicide paraquat dichloride dose of 375-750 g / ha effectively control weeds in total, weed leaf width of up to 8 week after application, weed grasses and weeds puzzle to 4 week after application, (2) the herbicide paraquat dichloride dose of 375-750 g / ha is effective in controlling Praxelis clematidea weeds up to 8 week after application, weed Ottochloa nodosa and Asystasia gangetica up to 4 week after application, (3) paraquate dichloride dosage levels 375-750 g / ha resulting in differences in weed composition at 4, 8 and 12 week after application , (4) dosages of 375 - 750 g / ha parakuat dichloride herbicides applied to dishes not poisoning immature oil palm plants.
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Tsai, Wan-Ling, Cynthia E. Miller, and Edward R. Richter. "Determination of the Sensitivity of a RapidEscherichia coli O157:H7 Assay for Testing 375-Gram Composite Samples." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 9 (September 1, 2000): 4149–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.9.4149-4151.2000.
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ABSTRACT Both 25-g single-size ground beef samples and 375-g composite ground beef samples were tested by a method combining an immunomagnetic separation (IMS) technique with a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system (IMS-ELISA). The results demonstrated that IMS-ELISA could detect the target, Escherichia coliO157:H7, at the level of 10−1 CFU/g of sample in either the 25- or 375-g sample size.
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Singh, Yashdev, Balbir Singh, S. P. Singh, and Suman Devi. "Seasonal abundance and bio-efficacy of different insecticides against castor semilooper on castor." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 8, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 1321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i3.961.
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The present study was conducted at Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Regional Research Station, Bawal, Haryana (India). The larvae of castor semilooper remain active from 30th standard weeks to 47th standard weeks. The maximum larval population was recorded on the 32th standard week (6.1 larvae per plant) and 38th standard meteorological weeks (6.2 larvae per plant) due the high rainfall, 158 and 120 mm, during these weeks, respectively. Correlation indicates that minimum temperature, evening relative humidity and rainfall exhibited a positive relationship (r- 0.588, 0.577 and 0.650) with the larval population. Bio-efficacy of four insecticides with different doses was tested against A. janata infesting castor crop. One day after spraying thiodicarb @ 468 g proved best toxicant followed by thiodicarb @ 375 g, deltamethrin @ 11.2 g, deltamethrin @ 10.5 g, quinalphos @ 250 g, quinalphos @ 200 g, novaluron @ 100 g and novaluron @ 75 g. At three days after spraying, it was found that novaluron @ 100 g was the most effective followed by novaluron @ 75 g, thiodicarb @ 468 g, deltamethrin @ 11.2 g, thiodicarb @ 375 g, deltamethrin @ 10.5 g, quinalphos @ 250 g and quinalphos @ 200 g. At seven days after spraying novaluron @ 100 g proved to be best toxicant followed by novaluron @ 75 g, thiodicarb @ 468 g, thiodicarb @ 375 g, deltamethrin @ 11.2 g, deltamethrin @ 10.5 g, quinalphos @ 250 g and quinalphos @ 200 g. Novaluron 100 g was the overall most effective with 75.97 mean per cent reduction in larval population.
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MP, Ir Firsoni,, and Wahidin Teguh Sasongko. "Karakteristik beberapa Galur Mutan Sorgum dari Potensi Produksi Gas dan Degradabilitas secara In-vitro." Jurnal Ilmiah Aplikasi Isotop dan Radiasi 13, no. 1 (December 16, 2017): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17146/jair.2017.13.1.3681.
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Teknik produksi gas digunakan untuk mengetahui perbandingan beberapa jenis galur mutan sorgum yang dihasilkan oleh BATAN sebagai pakan ruminansia. 8 jenis daun galur mutan sorgum dan rancangan acak lengkap digunakan dalam pengujian ini. Untuk melihat perbandingan antara perlakuan dilakukan uji anova dan uji lanjut BNT bila pengaruh perlakuan signifikan. Sampel ditimbang 375 mg, dimasukkan ke dalam syringe glass 100 ml ditambah 30 ml media campuran cairan rumen dengan buffer bicarbonat dan diinkubasi pada suhu 39oC selama 24 jam. Variabel yang diukur adalah produksi gas setelah 0, 2, 4, 6, 8,19, 12, 24 dan 48 jam inkubasi, potensi produksi gas, degradabilitas bahan kering (DBK) dan organik (DBO). Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan produksi gas, potensi produksi gas dan degradabilitas yang dihasilkan berbeda nyata (P<0,05). Produksi gas tertinggi setelah 24 dan 48 jam adalah perlakuan H dan B yaitu 57,59 dan 71,75 ml/375 mg BK, sementara itu terendah adalah perlakuan I dan G yaitu 50,33 dan 54,92 ml/375 mg BK. Potensi produksi gas yang dihasilkan tertinggi adalah perlakuan B yaitu 85,46 ml/375 mg BK dan terendah adalah perlakuan G yaitu 56,74 ml/375 mg BK, sementara itu persentase produksi gas selama 24 jam tertinggi adalah perlakuan G yaitu 82,45% dan terendah perlakuan B yaitu 62,24%. Degradabilitas bahan kering (DBK) tertinggi setelah 24 dan 48 jam inkubasi adalah perlakuan D dan A yaitu 54,45 dan 67,31%, sementara itu terendah adalah perlakuan G yaitu 50,85 dan 58,93%. Degradabilitas bahan organik (DBO) tertinggi tertinggi setelah 24 dan 48 jam inkubasi adalah perlakuan D dan B yaitu 54,13 dan 69,13%, sementara itu terendah adalah perlakuan G yaitu 50,67 dan 58,93%. Secara umum ada dua jenis galur mutan sorgum hasil iradiasi yaitu mudah terdegradasi sebelum 24 jam dan setelah 24 jam, sehingga bisa digunakan untuk pedoman pemberian pakan untuk ruminansia.
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V.T. Badhe, Pratap Singh, and Y.C. Bhatt. "Development and Evaluation of Mango Grader." Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) 48, no. 2 (February 20, 2024): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.52151/jae2011482.1441.
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A computerized grading machine was developed and evaluated to grade Alphonso mangoes on weight basis in five grades. A logistic software was developed to run the grader. The performance of the grader was evaluated at four speeds (480, 600, 720 and 840 m/s), four microprocessor settings (B1, B2, B3 and B4) and their effect was observed on five grades of mango viz., Grade I (326-375 g), Grade II (276-325 g), Grade III (226-275 g), Grade IV (176225g) and Grade V (< 175 > 376 g) for single lane. The statistically analyzed data showed maximum capacity of 950 kg/h with maximum grading efficiency of 95.13% at 720 m/s speed and B4 setting. The cost of manual grading was Rs. 350/t as against Rs. 190/t for the grader.
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BELETE, TAMRAT, ERIN CROWLEY, PATRICK BIRD, JOSEPH GENSIC, and F. MORGAN WALLACE. "A Comparison of the BAX System Method to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Bacteriological Analytical Manual and International Organization for Standardization Reference Methods for the Detection of Salmonella in a Variety of Soy Ingredients." Journal of Food Protection 77, no. 10 (October 1, 2014): 1778–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-063.
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The performances of two DuPont BAX System PCR assays for detecting Salmonella on a variety of low-moisture soy ingredients were evaluated against the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Bacteriological Analytical Manual (FDA BAM) method or the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 6579 reference method. These evaluations were conducted as a single laboratory validation at an ISO 17025 accredited third-party laboratory. Validations were conducted on five soy ingredients: isolated soy protein (ISP), soy fiber, fluid soy lecithin, deoiled soy lecithin, and soy nuggets, using a paired-study design. The ISP was analyzed as both 25- and 375-g composite test portions, whereas all other sample matrices were analyzed as 375-g composite test portions. To evaluate 25-g test portions of ISP, the test material was inoculated using Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Mbandaka (Q Laboratories isolate 11031.1). Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Tennessee (Q Laboratories isolate 11031.3) was used for all other trials. For each trial of the method comparison, 25 samples were analyzed for each matrix: 5 uninoculated controls and 20 samples inoculated at low levels (0.2 to 2 CFU per test portion) that were targeted to achieve fractionally positive results (25 to 75%). Using McNemar's chi-square analysis, no significant difference at P ≥ 0.05 (χ2 ≤ 3.84) was observed between the number of positives obtained by the BAX System and the reference methods for all five test matrices evaluated. These studies indicate that the BAX System PCR assays, in combination with the single buffered peptone water primary enrichment and subsequent brain heart infusion regrowth step, demonstrate equivalent sensitivity and robustness compared with the FDA BAM and ISO reference methods for both 25- and 375-g composite samples. Moreover, there was no observed reduction of sensitivity in the larger 375-g composite samples for all five matrices.
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de Medeiros, Gerson Araujo, Luiz Antonio Daniel, and Felipe Hashimoto Fengler. "Growth, Development, and Water Consumption of Irrigated Bean Crop Related to Growing Degree-Days on Different Soil Tillage Systems in Southeast Brazil." International Journal of Agronomy 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8065985.
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Degree-days may be an alternative for predicting the influence of temperature on physiological aspects of plants in a changing climate. The objective of this research was to evaluate the relation between cumulative degree-days index (∑G) and the development, growth, and water consumption of irrigated bean under different soil tillage systems (STS). We developed an experiment in Southeast Brazil in plots managed with the following STS: chisel ploughing (CP), disk ploughing (DP), and revolving hoe (RH). The treatments did not influence the crop phenology when correlated to∑G. The parameters of canopy ground cover, leaf area index, total dry matter, and the plant height presented a highly significant relationship with∑G(P<0.05). We also compared the results of field water balance with a simulation developed between the crop coefficient and∑Gand found a strong relationship (R2= 0.93∗∗; ∗∗: high statistical significance (P<0.01)) between these measurements and the model. The total water consumption measured at the irrigated bean crop reached 383 mm, 386 mm, and 375 mm while that simulated from dual crop coefficient approach based on∑Greached 378 mm, 373 mm, and 349 mm to CP, DP, and RH, respectively, representing a mean difference of 4.2%.
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Williams, Jessica, Katharine Evans, David Crabtree, Annette Hughes, Charlotte Cooper, Helen Rose, Mikko Kauppinen, et al. "Method Modification to Extend the Matrix Claim of the Thermo Scientific RapidFinder Salmonella species, Typhimurium, and Enteritidis Multiplex PCR Kit." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 102, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 118–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.18-0166.
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Abstract Background: The Thermo Scientific RapidFinder™ Salmonella species, Typhimurium and Enteritidis Multiplex PCR Kit is a real-time multiplex PCR assay for the detection and differentiation of Salmonella species, Salmonella Typhimurium, and S. Enteritidis from poultry, pork, and environmental samples. The method has previously been granted certification as Performance Tested Method SM (PTM) 081701, validated according to the AOAC Research Institute (RI) PTM program for poultry (chicken thighs with skin, chicken wings with skin, and chicken nuggets), raw pork sausage matrixes, and stainless steel environmental surface sponges. Objective: This report details the method modification study to validate ground turkey (375 g sample size), chicken carcass rinse, and shell egg matrixes. Methods: The candidate method was compared with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s Bacteriological Analytical Manual Chapter 5 for shell eggs and the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service’s Microbiology Laboratory Guidebook 4.09 for ground turkey (375 g) and chicken carcass rinse matrixes. Results: The statistically significant differences found between the candidate and reference methods upon analysis by probability of detection were in favor of the candidate method. Inclusivity and exclusivity testing demonstrated that the RapidFinder Salmonella species, Typhimurium and Enteritidis Multiplex PCR Kit was able to detect all the major groups of Salmonella. All exclusivity isolates were correctly excluded. Conclusions: The data presented in this report show that the candidate is suitable for the detection and differentiation of Salmonellae from shell egg, chicken carcass rinse, and ground turkey (375 g) matrixes. Highlights: Thermo Scientific RapidFinder Salmonella species, Typhimurium and Enteritidis Multiplex PCR Kit (candidate method) matrix claims extended to include ground turkey (375 g), chicken carcass rinse and shell egg samples.
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Bhakti, Dwi Angga, and I. Putu Budhiarta. "Onion Growth and Yield on Red Yellow Podsolic Soil based on Dosage and Duration of Incubation of Kirinyu Green Manure." AGARICUS: Advances Agriculture Science & Farming 2, no. 1 (July 11, 2022): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32764/agaricus.v2i1.2794.
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The increase in onion production on red-yellow podzolic soils is faced with physical and chemical properties that are not good for plant growth so that efforts are needed to improve the land by applying a combination of kirinyu green manure and incubation duration. This study aims to determine the best dose and duration of incubation of kirinyu fertilizer against the growth and yield of onions on red-yellow podsilok soils. The research was carried out on the experimental land of the Faculty of Agriculture. The research time is from April 12 to May 27, 2020. The method used in the study was a Complete Randomized Design (RAL) by giving a combination of doses and incubation time of kirinyu green fertilizer which was repeated 3 times, and consisted of 3 sample plants so that the sample plants were entirely 81 plants. . The treatment in question is k1 (375 g / polybag of kirinyu green manure incubated for 2 weeks); k2 (375 g/polybag of kirinyu green manure incubated for 3 weeks); k3 (375 g/polybag of kirinyu green manure incubated 4 weeks); k4 (750 g/polybag of kirinyu green manure incubated for 2 weeks); k5 (750 g/polybag of kirinyu green manure incubated for 3 weeks); k6 (750 g/polybag of kirinyu green manure incubated for 4 weeks); k7 (1125 g/polybag of kirinyu green manure incubated for 2 weeks); k8 (1125 g/polybag of kirinyu green manure incubated for 3 weeks); k9 (1125 g/polybag of kirinyu green fertilizer incubated for 4 weeks The results showed that the combination of dose and duration of incubation of kirinyu green fertilizer had an unreal influence on all observation variables, namely plant height, number of leaves, number of saplings, root volume, and fresh weight of plants.
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Malka, Maksymilian, Gijs Du Laing, Alžbeta Hegedűsová, and Torsten Bohn. "Foliar Selenate and Zinc Oxide Separately Applied to Two Pea Varieties: Effects on Growth Parameters and Accumulation of Minerals and Macronutrients in Seeds under Field Conditions." Foods 12, no. 6 (March 17, 2023): 1286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12061286.
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Though selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) constitute essential nutrients for human health, their deficiencies affect up to 15% and 17% of the global population, respectively. Agronomic biofortification of staple crops with Se/Zn may alleviate these challenges. Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a nutritious legume crop that has great potential for Se/Zn biofortification. Herein, two varieties of pea (Ambassador, Premium) were biofortified via foliar application of sodium selenate (0/50/100 g of Se/ha) or zinc oxide (0/375/750 g of Zn/ha) during the flowering stage under field conditions. While no significant differences were found in Se accumulation between seed varieties upon Se treatments, selenate enhanced the accumulation of Se in the two seed varieties in a dose dependent manner. Selenium concentration was most elevated in seeds of Ambassador exposed to 100 g of Se/ha (3.93 mg/kg DW compared to the control (0.08 mg/kg DW), p < 0.001). 375 g of Zn/ha (35.7 mg/kg DW) and 750 g of Zn/ha (35.5 mg/kg DW) significantly and similarly enhanced Zn concentrations compared to the control (31.3 mg/kg DW) in Premium seeds, p < 0.001. Zinc oxide also improved accumulations of Fe, Cu, Mn, and Mg in Premium seeds. Se/Zn treatments did not significantly affect growth parameters and accumulations of soluble solids and protein in seeds. Positive and significant (p < 0.01) correlations were observed between Zn and Fe, Cu, Mn and Mg levels in Premium seeds, among others. Consuming 33 g/day of pea biofortified with Se at 50 g/ha and 266 g/day of pea biofortified with 375 g of Zn/ha could provide 100% of the RDA (55 μg) for Se and RDA (9.5 mg) for Zn in adults, respectively. These results are relevant for enhancing Se/Zn status in peas by foliar biofortification.
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SAVOYE, F., P. FENG, C. ROZAND, M. BOUVIER, A. GLEIZAL, and D. THEVENOT. "Comparative Evaluation of a Phage Protein Ligand Assay with Real-Time PCR and a Reference Method for the Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Raw Ground Beef and Trimmings." Journal of Food Protection 74, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-10-271.
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Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an important pathogen associated with infections caused by consumption of undercooked raw meat. Sensitive and rapid detection methods for E. coli O157:H7 are essential for the meat industry to ensure a safe meat supply. This study was conducted to compare the sensitivity of the VIDAS ultraperformance E. coli test (ECPT UP) with a noncommercial real-time (RT) PCR method and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA-FSIS) reference method for detecting E. coli O157:H7 in raw ground beef. Optimal enrichment times and the efficacy of testing different types of raw meat, either as individual samples (25 g) or as composites (375 g), were examined. For 25-g samples of each type of raw ground beef tested, 6 h of enrichment was sufficient for both the VIDAS ECPT UP and RT-PCR methods, but for 375-g samples, 24 h of enrichment was required. Both the VIDAS ECPT UP and RT-PCR methods produced results similar to those obtained with the USDA-FSIS reference method after 18 to 24 h of enrichment. The primer specificity of the RT-PCR assay and the highly specific phage ligand used in the VIDAS ECPT UP for target recognition enabled the detection of low levels of E. coli O157:H7 in 25 g of various types of raw ground beef. The tests also allowed the detection of E. coli O157:H7 in composite raw ground beef and trimmings in samples of up to 375 g.
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ADEYOLANU, Opeoluwa, Olajide SOGUNLE, Olajide ADEYEMI, and John ABIONA. "Dosage Effects of Aqueous Extract of Baobab Tree (Adansonia digitata Linn) Bark on Growth Performance, Blood Profile, Intestinal Morphology and Microflora of Cockerel Chickens." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine 78, no. 1 (May 20, 2021): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2020.0046.
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This experiment investigated the dosage effects of the aqueous extract of Baobab Tree Bark (AEBTB) on growth performance, blood profile and intestinal micro-flora of cockerel chickens for 16 weeks. A total of 200 Isa brown day-old cockerel chicks were used in groups of AEBTB (0, 300, 325, 350 and 375 mg/ litre of water) for the experiment. Qualitative and quantitative (mg/100 g) phytochemical screening revealed that AEBTB contained flavonoid (36.33 mg), cardiac glycoside (31.46 mg), saponin (23.26 mg), alkaloid (24.86 mg), tannin (19.28 mg) and phenolic (17.06 mg). The most common components in GS-MSwas 9-Octadecenoic acid (C19H36O2; 296.0 g/mol). At the chick phase, significantly (p<0.05) highest final weight (416.50 g/bird) and weight gain of 47.69 g/bird/day were recorded in birds on 375 mg/litre when compared with the control. Alkaline phosphatase, RBC, Hb, PCV and MCHC were significantly (p<0.05) reduced by AEBTB in the birds when compared with the control and the lowest total bacterial count was in birds on 375 mg/litre of AEBTB. However, at the grower phase, birds on 300 mg/litre AEBTB had the best (p<0.05) feed conversion ratio. The study concluded that AEBTB at 300 mg/litre improved health status and growth performance of meat-type chickens.
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ŞOVĂREL, Gabriela, Marcel COSTACHE, and Ana Emilia CENUŞĂ. "Research Regarding the Simultaneous Control of the Pathogens on Tomatoes Crops under High Plastic Tunnels." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Horticulture 74, no. 1 (May 19, 2017): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:12308.
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In Romania the most important pathogens on tomatoes crops are Alternaria porri f.sp. solani, Botrytis cinerea, Fulvia fulva, Phytophthora infestans and Erysiphe sp. During period of vegetation, the attack of mentioned pathogens are frequently overlapping. For simultaneously control of pathogenswere used some combination with different active substances (chlorothalonil 500g/l, iprodione 500 g/l, fenhexamid 500 g/l, thiophanate methyl 500g/l, metiram 80%, dimethomorph 9%, mancozeb 60%, difenoconazole 250 g/l , fenamidone 75g/l, propamocarb HCL 375 g/l. The best results for controlling Alternaria porri f.sp. solani, Botrytis cinerea and Fulvia fulva are metiram 80% 0.2% + thiophanate methyl 500g/l 0.14% with 93.5% efficacy. In the untreated check the degree of attack was 78.6% (44.3% A.solani, 7.0% B.cinerea and 27.3% F. Fulva). For controlling Phytophthora infestans, Erysiphe sp. and Fulvia fulva (fenamidone 75g/l + propamocarb HCL 375 g/l)Â Â Â 0.2% +Â difenoconazole 250 g/l 0.05% with 94.5% efficacy. In the untreated check the degree of attack is 81.2% (38.4% P. infestans, 27.4% Erysiphe sp. , 15.4% F. fulva).
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Abu, T. O., H. I. Adegoke, E. O. Odebunmi, and M. A. Shehzad. "Enhancing adsorption capacity of a kaolinite mineral through acid activation and manual blending with a 2:1 clay." Nigerian Journal of Technological Development 21, no. 1 (March 11, 2024): 131–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njtd.v21i1.2269.
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The efficiencies of raw and modified kaolinite mineral in removing selected heavy metal ions from their respective aqueous solutions were investigated. The mineral was modified through two different methods; i) activation with HNO3, H2SO4, H3PO4, CH3COOH and C2H2O4 acids to form NK, SK, PK, AK and OK acid activated clays respectively and ii) preparations of 3:1 and 1:1 Kaolinite: Bentonite blends to form UBK and EBK composites respectively through manual blending. The adsorbents were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) analysis for surface area determination. The surface area increased in some of the modified clays from 114.9457 m2/g (RK) to 288.685 m2/g (EBK), 205.92 m2/g (UBK), 162.227 m2/g (NK), 151.335 m2/g (SK), and 115.837 m2/g (OK) but reduced to 113.872 m2/g (PK) and 112.865 m2/g (AK) after modification. Adsorption studies were subsequently conducted out to remove Pb2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+ ions from synthetic solutions. Pb2+ was found to be most removed (383.5 mg g-1 (RK), 591.13 mg g-1 (EBK), 576.61 mg g-1 (UBK), 475 mg g-1 (NK), 450 mg g-1 (SK), and 425 mg g-1 (PK), 375 mg g-1 (OK) and 375 mg g-1 (AK)) with highest removals on the composites.
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Tati Maharani. "PERBAIKAN SIFAT KIMIA TANAH DENGAN APLIKASI KOMPOS ALANG – ALANG PADA GAMBUT TERBAKAR DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI KACANG HIJAU (Vigna radiata L.)." DINAMIKA PERTANIAN 37, no. 3 (February 8, 2022): 233–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/dp.2021.vol37(3).8932.
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This research aimed to determine the effect of alang-alang compost application on burned peatland to cultivate the soil chemical properties, growth, and production of mung beans (Vigna radiata L.). The research has been carried out in the Auto Agronom of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Islam Riau from October 2018 to April 2019. The design in this study was a Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 2 factors, G (burned peatland) and P (alang-alang compost application). The results showed that the application of alang-alang compost toward burned peatland was able to cultivate the soil's chemical properties in the form of increasing pH, C-organic, N-total, P2O5, K-dd, Mg-dd, Ca-dd, KTK, and reducing C/N Ratio, Al-dd, Total Pb. The best results were obtained by applying alang-alang compost 375 g/polybag compost on burned peatland at the depth of 0-25 cm. The treatment interaction of burned peatland and alang-alang compost has a significant effect on the parameters of Plant Height and Dry Weight of Seeds per Plant, with the best treatment application of alang-alang compost 375 g/polybag on burned peatland at the depth of 25-50 cm. The main influences of alang-alang compost application have a significant influence on Plant Height and Dry Weight of Seeds per Plant, the best treatment was the application of alang-alang compost 375 g/polybag.
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Syahputra, Aldi, and Iskandar M. Lapanjang. "RESPON PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH LOKAL PALU TERHADAP PEMBERIAN FMA DAN BOKASHI PADA TANAH LIKUIFAKSI." AGROTEKBIS : E-JURNAL ILMU PERTANIAN 11, no. 3 (June 7, 2023): 519–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/agrotekbis.v11i3.1722.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menentukan dosis mikoriza yang tepat pada setiap dosis bokashi dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan November sampai dengan Januari 2020, di Desa Kaleke Kecamatan Dolo Barat Kabupaten Sigi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan dua Faktor. Faktor pertama dosis (FMA) Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular (M) Tanpa mikoriza (M0), Mikoriza 10 g/polybag (M1), Mikoriza 15g/polybag (M2) dan Mikoriza 20 g/polybag (M3). Faktor kedua dosis bokashi (B) Tanpa bokashi (B0), Bokashi 312,5 g/polybag (B1), dan Bokashi 375 g/polybag (B2). Setiap perlakuan terdapat 12 kombinasi yang kemudian diulang sebanyak tiga kali sehingga terdapat 36 unit percobaan. Tiap Unit percobaan menggunakan 3 polybag tanaman sehingga mendapatkan 108 tanaman. analisis sidik ragam menunjukan bahwa perlakuan berpengaruh nyata atau sangat nyata, maka akan dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa dosis mikoriza 20 g/polybag dan bokashi 375 g/polybag merupakan dosis yang baik digunakan karena teruji secara nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kedelai ditandai dengan tanaman lebih tinggi , jumlah daun lebih banyak, jumlah anakan dan umbi lebih banyak, berat basah umbi dan berat kering umbi lebih banyak.
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Bushnev, Dmitry, N. Burdelnaya, A. Ilchenko, and Ya Sennikova. "Formation of hydrocarbon gases in Domanik shale during hydrous pyrolysis." Vestnik of geosciences, no. 10 (December 8, 2023): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.19110/geov.2023.10.4.
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A sample of Domanik shale from a stratotype section along the river Chut (Ukhta District, Komi Republic, Russia) was affected to temperatures of 250—375 °C in an autoclave in the presence of water. The composition and yield of the resulting hydrocarbon gases was studied by gas chromatography. The yield of all C1—C5 hydrocarbons grew exponentially with increasing temperature in the autoclave. The total yield of gaseous hydrocarbons C1—C5 at 375 °C was 71 mg/g Corg and reached 18 mg/g Corg for methane. The increasing temperature in the autoclave resulted in decreasing ratio of methane/C2+ gases, which reflected a changing mechanism of methane formation at the corresponding stage of the thermal evolution of the Domanik organic matter.
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García-de-la-Mària, C., F. Marco, Y. Armero, D. Soy, A. Moreno, A. del Río, M. Almela, et al. "Daptomycin Is Effective for Treatment of Experimental Endocarditis Due to Methicillin-Resistant and Glycopeptide-Intermediate Staphylococcus epidermidis." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 54, no. 7 (April 26, 2010): 2781–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01011-09.
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ABSTRACT This study evaluated the daptomycin activity against two methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) clinical isolates with different vancomycin susceptibilities: MRSE-375, with a vancomycin MIC of 2 μg/ml, and NRS6, a glycopeptide-intermediate S. epidermidis (GISE) strain with a vancomycin MIC of 8 μg/ml. The in vivo activity of daptomycin at two different doses (standard dose [SD-daptomycin], 6 mg/kg of body weight/day intravenously [i.v.]; high dose [HD-daptomycin], 10 mg/kg/day i.v.) was evaluated in a rabbit model of infective endocarditis and compared with that of a standard dose of vancomycin (SD-vancomycin; 1 g i.v. every 12 h) for 2 days. For the MRSE-375 strain, high-dose vancomycin (HD-vancomycin; 1 g i.v. every 6 h) was also studied. For MRSE-375, SD- and HD-daptomycin therapy sterilized significantly more vegetations than SD-vancomycin therapy (9/15 [60%] and 11/15 [73%] vegetations, respectively, versus 3/16 [19%] vegetations; P = 0.02 and P = 0.002, respectively). HD-daptomycin sterilized more vegetations than HD-vancomycin (11/15 [73%] versus 5/15 [33%] vegetations; P = 0.03) and was more effective than SD- and HD-vancomycin in reducing the density of bacteria in valve vegetations (0 log10 CFU/g vegetation [interquartile range {IQR}, 0 to 1 log10 CFU/g vegetation] versus 2 log10 CFU/g vegetation [IQR, 2 to 2 log10 CFU/g vegetation] and 2 log10 CFU/g vegetation [IQR, 0 to 2.8 log10 CFU/g vegetation]; P = 0.002 and P = 0.01, respectively). For the NRS6 strain, SD- and HD-daptomycin were significantly more effective than vancomycin in reducing the density of bacteria in valve vegetations (3.7 log10 CFU/g vegetation [IQR, 2 to 6 log10 CFU/g vegetation] versus 7.1 log10 CFU/g vegetation [IQR, 5.2 to 8.5 log10 CFU/g vegetation]; P = 0.02). In all treatment arms, isolates recovered from vegetations remained susceptible to daptomycin and vancomycin and had the same MICs. In conclusion, daptomycin at doses of 6 mg/kg/day or 10 mg/kg/day is more effective than vancomycin for the treatment of experimental endocarditis due to MRSE and GISE.
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Barus, Wan Arfiani, Bambang S.A.S, and Bagus Permadi. "Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Kedelai dengan Aplikasi Limbah Tofu dan Mikoriza Arbuskular pada Tanah Masam." Agrotechnology Research Journal 3, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/agrotechresj.v3i2.36022.
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Utilization of acid soils for food crop development must be carried out because of land conversion. The main problem in acid soils is the unavailability of P nutrients. Utilization of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza on acid soils has been found to contribute to the availability of P nutrients. This study used a factorial randomized block design with 2 factors, namely the application of tofu waste and arbuscular mycorrhiza. Tofu waste dosage consists of 0, 125, 250 and 375 g/polybag and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza application, namely: 0, 6, 12 and 18 g/polybag. The results showed that the application of tofu waste at a dose of 375 g / polybag affected significantly and gave the best results for the parameters of plant height, number of branches, wet weight and dry weight of soybean crop stover. While the application of arbuscular mycorrhiza with the best dose of 18 g / polybag affected significantly to fresh weight and dry weight of the roots of soybean. However, the interaction between the two treatments did not affected significantly to all observed variables.
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Gonçalves, A. H., J. B. Silva, and J. A. Lunkes. "Controle de tiririca (Cyperus rotundus) e efeito residual sobre a cultura do feijão do herbicida imazapyr." Planta Daninha 19, no. 3 (December 2001): 435–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582001000300017.
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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos de doses de imazapyr no controle de tiririca (Cyperus rotundus) em solos de várzea e também seu efeito residual no solo sobre a cultura do feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris), cultivar Carioca, cultivado em diferentes períodos após a aplicação do herbicida imazapyr. Para determinação da eficiência de controle da tiririca foram avaliadas três doses de imazapyr - 375, 750 e 1.500 g ha-1 - aplicadas sobre as plantas de tiririca no estádio de quatro ou cinco folhas verdadeiras. As avaliações de eficiência de controle da planta daninha foram feitas aos 14, 35, 56, 70, 77, 84 e 91 dias após a aplicação dos tratamentos herbicidas (DAA). Na avaliação do efeito residual do imazapyr no solo foram utilizadas as mesmas doses, porém aplicadas em oito épocas: 98, 84, 63, 42, 28, 21, 14 e 7 dias antes da semeadura (DAS) do feijão. Constatou-se que 375 g ha-1 de imazapyr resultou em bom controle da tiririca até 35 dias após a aplicação do produto; após esse período observou-se reinfestação da área com esta espécie. Para as doses de 750 e 1.500 g ha-1 observou-se controle eficiente por um período de 70 dias após a aplicação do herbicida. Quanto ao efeito residual do herbicida sobre a cultura de feijão, verificou-se que, quanto maior a dose utilizada e mais próximo da semeadura for aplicado o herbicida, menor a produtividade da cultura. A dose de 375 g ha-1 aplicada aos 98 DAS mostrou-se menos prejudicial à cultura, não havendo perda de rendimento.
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Elmore, Matthew T., James T. Brosnan, Thomas C. Mueller, Brandon J. Horvath, Dean A. Kopsell, and Gregory K. Breeden. "Seasonal Application Timings Affect Dallisgrass (Paspalum dilatatum) Control in Tall Fescue." Weed Technology 27, no. 3 (September 2013): 557–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-13-00007.1.
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Field research was conducted in 2010 and 2011 to investigate the efficacy of herbicides for dallisgrass control when applied at various growing (GDD) or cooling degree day (CDD) –based application timings. Herbicide treatments included fluazifop-p-butyl (fluazifop; 105 g ai ha−1), mesotrione (280 g ai ha−1), tembotrione (92 g ai ha−1), topramezone (37 g ai ha−1), and tank mixtures of fluazifop plus mesotrione, tembotrione, or topramezone. Herbicide treatments were applied at either 75, 175, 375, 775 GDD, or 5 CDD. Treated plots were subjected to three tall fescue interseeding regimes: no seeding, seeding in spring, or seeding in fall (0, 353, and 353 kg pure live seed ha−1, respectively). In 2010, dallisgrass control from fluazifop applied at 75, 375, and 775 GDD was poor (< 50%) by 52 wk after treatment (WAT); in 2011, control from fluazifop application at these timings was higher (62 to 72%). When applied at 175 GDD or 5 CDD in 2010 and 2011, dallisgrass control from fluazifop ranged from 79 to 93% at 52 WAT. The addition of mesotrione, tembotrione, or topramezone to fluazifop did not affect dallisgrass control at any application timing, and control provided by these herbicides alone was low (< 65%). Interseeding tall fescue in the fall improved dallisgrass control from herbicides applied at 75 GDD in 2010 and 175, 375, and 775 GDD at 52 WAT in both years. Results suggest that timing of fluazifop applications at 175 GDD and 5 CDD enhances dallisgrass control.
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Santos, Fabio Seiji, Lucia Maria Zeoula, Luciano Soares De Lima, Francilaine Eloise De Marchi, Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo, Nadine Woruby Santos, Paula Matumoto Pintro, Julio Cesar Damasceno, and Geraldo Tadeu dos Santos. "Effect of supplementation with Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) and vitamin E on milk lipoperoxidation in cows receiving diets containing ground soybean seeds." Journal of Dairy Research 86, no. 3 (July 22, 2019): 279–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029919000529.
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AbstractThis research communication addresses the hypothesis that the association of dietary vitamin E and Yerba Mate could help to prevent or decrease oxidation of milk enriched in unsaturated fatty acids (UFA). Four multiparous lactating Holstein cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square. Treatments were: (1) control diet with no Yerba Mate or vitamin E; (2) diet containing 375 IU/kg vitamin E; (3) diet containing 30 g/kg Yerba Mate; and (4) diet containing 375 IU/kg vitamin E and 30 g/kg Yerba Mate. To increase unsaturated fatty acids in milk, cows were fed 172 g/kg soybean seeds (on a dry matter basis). There was no interaction between vitamin E and Yerba Mate supplementation for milk antioxidant-related (polyphenols, reducing power, conjugated dienes, and TBARS) analyses. Milk reducing power was increased when cows were supplemented with Yerba Mate. Our results suggest that the association of dietary vitamin E and Yerba Mate does not help to prevent or decrease oxidation of milk in UFA.
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POELMA, PAUL L., CLYDE R. WILSON, and WALLACE H. ANDREWS. "Influence of Sample Reconstitution on Recovery of Salmonella Species from Low-Moisture Dairy Foods." Journal of Food Protection 49, no. 2 (February 1, 1986): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-49.2.121.
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Recovery of Salmonella species from dry whole milk, lactic casein, non-instantized nonfat dry milk, rennet casein and sodium caseinate was compared under rapid and slow conditions of rehydration. For rapid rehydration, a 25-g portion of each product was blended or swirled with 225 ml of appropriate preenrichment medium. After 60 min, the flask contents were adjusted to pH 6.8 and incubated at 35°C. For slow rehydration, a 25-g portion of each product was gently added to 225 ml of appropriate preenrichment medium, allowed to soak undisturbed for 60 min at room temperature, and then incubated at 35°C without pH adjustment. Recovery of Salmonella by the slow rehydration (soak) method was equal or enhanced for all products tested except sodium caseinate. Use of a meter instead of test paper to adjust the pH of rapid rehydration (blend/swirl) preenrichments did not improve recovery of Salmonella. Examination of dry whole milk and non-instantized nonfat dry milk by the soak method should be limited to 25-g amounts since 100-g and 375-g composites were not completely wetted. Composites of lactic and rennet casein weighing ⩽375 g, however, may be examined by the soak method without loss of analytical sensitivity.
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Lapanjang, Iskandar, and Amirudin. "Productivity of Lembah Palu Local Shallot (Allium cepa L. var. Aggregatum) from Organic Cultivation." Malaysian Applied Biology 52, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.55230/mabjournal.v52i3.2634.
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The local shallot variety of ‘Lembah Palu’ (Allium cepa L. var. Aggregatum) is a typical fried shallot plant in Palu City, Indonesia, and is a cooking spice or flavoring for various foods. The main objective of this research was to increase the productivity of the Palu local shallot of ‘Lembah Palu’ grown on liquefaction soils. This research was conducted from November 2019 to January 2020, in Kaleke Village, West Dolo Subdistrict, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. This research used a Randomized Block Design with two factors. The first factor of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi (AMF) consisted of M0 (Control), M1 (10 g/polybag), M2 (15 g/polybag), and M3 (20 g/polybag). The second factor of bokashi fertilizer consisted of B0 (Control), B1 (312.5 g/polybag), and B2 (375 g/polybag). Each experimental unit consisted of 3 polybags and was grouped into 3 groups so that the total experimental unit was 108 plants or polybags. The results showed that the application of mycorrhiza 20 g/polybag and bokashi 375 g/polybag was able to produce the optimal number of tubers, the wet and dry weight of shallot tubers. Likewise, for the growth of Palu local shallot plants, the higher dose of mycorrhiza and bokashi resulted in better plant growth, i.e., plant height, number of leaves, and number of tillers.
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KHALILI, H., E. KUUSELA, and E. SAARISALO. "Use of rapeseed and pea grain protein supplements for organic milk production." Agricultural and Food Science 8, no. 3 (January 3, 1999): 239–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.5626.
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Grass-red clover silage was fed ad libitum. In experiment 1 a duplicated 4 x 4 Latin square design was used. A mixture of oats and barley was given at 8 kg (C). Three isonitrogenous protein supplements were a commercial rapeseed meal (218 g kg-1 dry matter (DM); RSM), crushed organic field pea (Pisum sativum L.) (452 g kg-1 DM; P) and a mixture of pea (321 g kg-1 DM) and organic rapeseed (Spring turnip rape, Brassica rapa L. oleifera subv. annua) (155 g kg-1 DM; PRS). Cows on P and PRS diets produced as much milk as cows on the RSM diet. Milk yield was higher but protein content lower with PRS diet than with diet P. In experiment 2 a triplicated 3 x 3 Latin square design was used. A mixture of oats (395 g kg-1 ), barley (395 g kg-1 ) and a commercial heat-moisture treated rapeseed cake (210 g kg-1 ) was given at 8 kg (RSC). The second diet (ORSC) consisted (g kg-1) of oats (375), barley (375) and cold-pressed organic rapeseed cake (250). The third diet (RSCO) consisted (g kg-1) of oat (395), barley (395) and commercial heat-moisture treated rapeseed cake (250) and additional rapeseed oil (0.38 kg) to balance fat content between ORSC and RSCO diets. There was no dietary effect on the yield of energy corrected milk. Milk yield was higher with RSCO diet compared with other diets.;
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Enke, Dariane Beatriz Schoffen, Paulo Rodinei Soares Lopes, Aline Conceição Pfaff de Britto, Cleber Bastos Rocha, and Juvêncio Luiz Osório Fernandes Pouey. "Desempenho de alevinos de jundiá alimentados com silagem de rejeito de peixe." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 48, no. 8 (August 2013): 1124–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2013000800045.
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho zootécnico de alevinos de jundiá, alimentados com silagem de rejeitos de pescado, em substituição ao farelo de soja e à levedura de cana. Durante 35 dias, 375 alevinos de jundiá com peso inicial de 1,73±0,17 g, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, foram avaliados em cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de inclusão de silagem de pescado a 0, 12,5, 25, 37,5 e 50%. Todos os parâmetros zootécnicos avaliados, exceto o fator de condição, mostraram que a substituição do farelo de soja e da levedura pela silagem de rejeito de pescado melhora o desempenho produtivo de alevinos de jundiá.
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Șerban, Mihaela, Gheorghe Măturaru, Cătălin Lazăr, Nicoleta Mărin, and Costică Ciontu. "The Selectivity, Efficacy and Influence of Five Herbicide Treatments on the Yield and Crop Height in Maize." Romanian Agricultural Research 37 (2020): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.59665/rar3725.
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The use of herbicide treatments is an important method for reducing the competition between crop and weeds. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the degree of selectivity and the effectiveness of five new herbicides applied early post-emergently (stage of development of crop 2-4 leaves; stage of development of weeds 1-3 leaves) in the control of the annual and perennial monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weed species from the maize crop. The study was performed on cambic chernozem in the experimental) fields of the National Agricultural Research and Development Institute Fundulea in the years 2017 and 2018. The herbicide treatments were: Adengo [isoxaflutol 225 g/l + tiencarbazon-metil 90 g/l + ciprosulfamide (safener) 150 g/l] + Lontrel 300 (300 g/l clopyralid); Adengo [isoxaflutol 225 g/l + tiencarbazon-metil 90 g/l + ciprosulfamide (safener) 150 g/l], Merlin Duo (isoxaflutol 37,5 g/l + terbutilazin 375 g/l), Akris (dimetenamid-P 280 g/l + terbutilazin 250 g/l) and Arigo (nicosulfuron 12% + rimsulfuron 3% + mezotrione 36%) + Adj. (Trend). In this study, best control of annual and perennial weeds was achieved in the experimental variants: Adengo + Lontrel; Arigo + Adj. The herbicides application must be correlated with: the infestation degree of weeds, the spectrum and dominance of weeds, the time of application, the type of soil, the local climatic conditions.
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Correia, Núbia Maria. "Selectivity of herbicide oxadiazon to processing tomato and control of American black nightshade plants." Horticultura Brasileira 39, no. 1 (March 2021): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20210105.
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ABSTRACT American black nightshade (Solanum americanum) is one of the main weeds for tomato crops. However, no herbicide approved for this crop in Brazil is effective for the control of this species and selective to tomato plants. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the selectivity of the herbicide oxadiazon to plants of three processing tomato hybrids and the control of American black nightshade plants. Four trials were installed: one under greenhouse and three under field conditions. The greenhouse trial was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications, using a 2x5 factorial arrangement consisting of preemergence and postemergence applications of five oxadiazon rates (75, 125, 250, 375, and 500 g ha-1) to control American black nightshade plants, and two control treatments without herbicide application. The field trials were conducted in a randomized blocks design with four replications on commercial production areas in the municipality of Cristalina-GO, Brazil. The tomato hybrids tested were Acangata 9992, H-9553, and HMX 7885, one in each trial. The treatments consisted of application of five oxadiazon rates (125, 250, 375, 500, and 625 g ha-1) at pre-planting of the tomato seedlings, and a control treatment without herbicide application. The application of oxadiazon in preemergence, in the greenhouse, was more efficient for controlling American black nightshade plants under greenhouse conditions than the application on plants with 2-3 leaves. However, the weed control was satisfactory (>90%) when rates up to 246 g ha-1 were used, in both application times. The herbicide application caused no visual injuries to tomato plants under field conditions, and had no negative effect on fruit yield. Therefore, the herbicide oxadiazon was highly selective to the three processing tomato hybrids when applied at pre-planting, using rates of up to 625 g ha-1. The herbicide presented excellent control of American black nightshade plants, using rates from 125 to 371 g ha-1.
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P, NAGARAJU, NARESH DRONAVALLI, and BIRADAR D P. "Comparative efficacy of fungicides on sheath blight diseases of rice." Madras Agricultural Journal 89, june (2002): 218–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a00203.
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The efficacy of four fungicides against sheath blight of rice caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn was evaluated under field conditions at Agricultural Research Station, Siruguppa during kharif season of 1998 and 1999. Among the fungicides tested, one ready mix fungicide Quintal 50WP (Iprodione 25% + Carbendazim 25%) at three dosages (250, 375 and 500 g ha-1) and three other fungicides i.e., Iprodione 50WP @375 g ha-1, Carbendazim 50WP @500 g ha-1 and Hexaconazole 5EC @ 1000 ml/ha along with untreated control were evaluated against sheath blight disease of rice. The results indicated significant differences with respect to the parameters studied among different treatments. Application of Quintal 50WP 500 g/ha was found to be significantly effective in reducing the disease incidence upto an extent of 76.76% over untreated control and produced higher grain yield of 6791 kg ha. This treatment was on par with the standard check fungicide, Hexaconazole @ 1000 ml ha reduced disease incidence upto 77.67% over untreated check and produced grain yield of 6899 kg ha. Quintal 50WP fungicide @500 g ha-1 recorded highest net income of Rs.41905 ha and maximum cost-benefit ratio of 1:3.83, followed by Hexaconazole SEC which recorded net income of Rs. 41570 ha and cost-benefit ratio of 1:3.58. The results suggested that Quintal 50Wp @ 500 g ha¹ is a good alternative fungicide to Hexaconazole of SEC.
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Gomes, Maria Letícia Rodrigues, José Renaldo Vilar da Silva Filho, Fabiana Castro Alves, Maria Naiara Pereira da Silva, Clesio Morgado de Souza, Luara Coelho de Souza, and Tadeu Vinhas Voltolini. "In situ ruminal degradability of forage cactus-based diets associated with pornunça silage." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 44, no. 2 (April 25, 2023): 549–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n2p549.
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The knowledge of ruminal degradation kinetics of forage cactus-based diets associated with Euphorbiaceae species of the genus Manihot assist in understanding nutrient quality and use, contributing to the indication of combinations of these ingredients in ruminant diets. This study aimed to evaluate the in situ ruminal degradability of diets with increasing association of forage cactus Elephant Ear (MEE) and pornunça (Manihot sp.) silage, as well as to analyze and evaluate the indigestible neutral detergent fiber (FDNi) content of forage cactus MEE and pornunça silage. The treatments consisted of diets with cactus pear associated with pornunça silage in the roughage portion in the proportions of 375, 250, 125 and 0 g kg-1 of DM. The feed was composed of 50% roughage and 50% concentrate of dry matter. Incubation times of 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 96, and 144 hours were evaluated for the ingredients and 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours for the diets. Incubation to obtain the iNDF was given for 288 hours. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with three replications. Regarding roughage ingredients, MEE showed higher average disappearance, potential degradability (PD), and effective degradability (ED) in relation to pornunça silage, as well as lower NDFi content. The proportion of 375 g kg-1 MEE and 125 g kg-1 pornunça silage provided higher fractions a, b, and c, increasing ED considering the three passage rates, with higher PD. In conclusion, the association between MEE and pornunça silage at a proportion of 375 g kg-1 MEE and125g kg-1 pornunça silage of the roughage portion increases the in situ degradability of dry matter, crude protein, and neutral detergent fiber.
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WILSON, CLYDE R., WALLACE H. ANDREWS, PAUL L. POELMA, and DEAN E. WAGNER. "Recovery of Salmonella Species from Dried Foods Rehydrated by the Soak Method." Journal of Food Protection 48, no. 6 (June 1, 1985): 505–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-48.6.505.
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A comparison was made of the recovery of Salmonella species from brewers' yeast, dried active yeast, onion powder and soy flour after preenrichment of samples under rapid (swirling) and slow (soaking) conditions of rehydration. The soak method gave improved recovery only with soy flour. Examination of soy flour by the soak method should be limited to 25-g amounts, however, since 100- and 375-g composites were not completely wetted.
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Kolo, Maria Imelda, and Stefanus Sio. "Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Kompos terhadap Pertumbuhan Rumput Setaria (Setaria sphacelata. S)." JAS 5, no. 3 (July 31, 2020): 48–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32938/ja.v5i3.898.
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Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Timor, Kelurahan Sasi, Kecamatan Kota Kefamenanu, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara. Penelitian ini berlangsung selama 2 bulan terhitung dari bulan juni – juli 2019. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk kompos terhadap pertumbuhan rumput setaria (Setaria sphacelata.S), rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah RAL, dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan.perlakuan terdiri dari R0 = kontrol, R1 =pupuk kompos 125g/lubang tanam, R2 = 150g/lubang tanam, R3 = 375g/lubang tanam, hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberian pupuk kompos dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman, tinggi tanaman tertinggi terdapat pada R3 = 45,07 cm, jumlah anakan terbanyak terdapat pada R3 = 4,85, jumlah daun terbanyak terdapat pada R3 = 21,22 helai, produksi bobot segar terdapat pada R3 = 1000 g dan produksi bobot kering terdapat pada R3 = 35,69 g. Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian pupuk kompos sangat berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan rumput setaria (Setaria Sphacelata.S). Level terbaik yang dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan rumput setaria adalah 375 g/lubang tanam yang dapat dilihat dari pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman : 45,07, jumlah anakan : 4,97, jumlah daun : 20,63, produksi bobot segar : 575,00 dan produksi bobot kering : 31,90.
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Lacal, J. C., T. P. Fleming, B. S. Warren, P. M. Blumberg, and S. A. Aaronson. "Involvement of functional protein kinase C in the mitogenic response to the H-ras oncogene product." Molecular and Cellular Biology 7, no. 11 (November 1987): 4146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.7.11.4146-4149.1987.
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Microinjection of purified protein kinase C (PKC) into Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts pretreated with the phorbol ester phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate restores the mitogenic response of the cells to phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (G. Pasti, J.C. Lacal, B.S. Warren, S.A. Aaronson, and P.M. Blumberg, Nature [London] 324:375-377, 1986). Our present studies demonstrate that the mitogenic activity of the H-ras oncogene in H-ras p21-microinjected quiescent cells is markedly reduced under conditions in which PKC is downregulated by chronic phorbol ester treatment. The ability to reconstitute the mitogenic response upon microinjection of both H-ras p21 and PKC implies involvement of functional PKC in the mitogenic activity of the H-ras oncogene product.
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Lacal, J. C., T. P. Fleming, B. S. Warren, P. M. Blumberg, and S. A. Aaronson. "Involvement of functional protein kinase C in the mitogenic response to the H-ras oncogene product." Molecular and Cellular Biology 7, no. 11 (November 1987): 4146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.7.11.4146.
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Microinjection of purified protein kinase C (PKC) into Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts pretreated with the phorbol ester phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate restores the mitogenic response of the cells to phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (G. Pasti, J.C. Lacal, B.S. Warren, S.A. Aaronson, and P.M. Blumberg, Nature [London] 324:375-377, 1986). Our present studies demonstrate that the mitogenic activity of the H-ras oncogene in H-ras p21-microinjected quiescent cells is markedly reduced under conditions in which PKC is downregulated by chronic phorbol ester treatment. The ability to reconstitute the mitogenic response upon microinjection of both H-ras p21 and PKC implies involvement of functional PKC in the mitogenic activity of the H-ras oncogene product.
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Brooks, Dane, Benjamin Bastin, Erin Crowley, James Agin, Mike Clark, Jean-Philippe Tourniaire, Sophie Pierre, et al. "Modification and Matrix Extension of the Bio-Rad iQ-Check E. coli O157:H7, STEC VirX, and STEC SerO Test Kits for the Detection of Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Escherichia coli O157 From a Single Enrichment." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 103, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 161–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.19-0254.
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Abstract Background: The iQ-Check Real-Time PCR kits use PCR technology based on gene amplification and detection by a real-time PCR thermalcycler for the detection of target analytes in select food matrices. The iQ-Check E. coli O157:H7 [Performance Tested MethodSM (PTM) 020801] and STEC VirX and STEC SerO (combined PTM 121203) methods were previously validated for different matrices under different enrichment schemes. Objective: To modify the current iQ-Check E. coli O157:H7 Kit for the detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from 25 to 375 g for raw ground beef (17% fat), raw beef trim, and fresh spinach. In addition, a matrix extension was validated for iQ-Check E. coli O157:H7 for raw chicken breast without skin (25 g), raw chicken thigh with skin (25 g), mechanically separated chicken (25 g), and raw ground pork (25 g). The study also included the modification of the iQ-Check STEC VirX and SerO Kits for the detection of non-O157 Shiga toxin–producing E. coli (STEC) for raw ground beef (375 g), raw beef trim (375 g), and fresh spinach (375 g) from STEC Enrichment Broth to buffered peptone water (BPW). All tests were carried out at 8–22 h (10–22 h for fresh spinach). Methods: Ground beef, beef trim, and spinach were co-inoculated with E. coli O157:H7, non-O157 STECs, and Salmonella spp. and analyzed for E. coli O157:H7 and non-O157 STECs after an 8-22 h enrichment in BPW for the beef matrices and after a 10–22 h enrichment in BPW for spinach. The chicken matrices were inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 only and analyzed after an 8–22 h enrichment in BPW. The iQ-Check Free DNA Removal Solution workflow was utilized for all matrices. Confirmations at the 22 h time point and method comparisons were conducted with the appropriate reference method as outlined in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Bacteriological Analytical Manual Chapter 4A or the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service Microbiology Laboratory Guidebook Chapters 5.09 and 5B.05. For the iQ-Check STEC VirX and STEC SerO Kits, inclusivity and exclusivity were also performed. Results: The two inclusivity and exclusivity evaluations indicated that the test methods can accurately detect the target analytes and correctly excluded nontarget organisms after 8 h of enrichment. In the method comparison study, the iQ-Check E. coli O157:H7 and STEC VirX and STEC SerO test kits demonstrated no statistically significant differences between candidate and reference method results or between presumptive and confirmed results for all food matrices analyzed and the two time points (8 or 10 and 22 h). Both time points produced the same results, with no discrepancies. Conclusions: The iQ-Check real-time PCR kits are effective methods for the detection of E. coli O157 and non-O157 STECs (both the virulence factors and the O groups) from raw ground beef, raw beef trim, and fresh spinach in 375 g samples enriched in BPW for 8–22 h (10–22 h for fresh spinach). In addition, the iQ-Check E. coli O157 Kit is effective in detecting E. coli O157 in 25 g samples of raw chicken breast without skin, raw chicken thigh with skin, mechanically separated chicken, and raw ground pork. The iQ-Check test kits allow the end user to pair enrichments for multiple target analytes, allowing the user to prepare a single enrichment and perform a single DNA extraction. The Free DNA Removal Solution removes free DNA from samples prior to PCR analysis, protecting DNA from intact and living cells. Highlights: The method modifications were granted based on the data collected.
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Steen, R. W. J. "A comparison of soya-bean, sunflower and fish meals as protein supplements for yearling cattle offered grass silage-based diets." Animal Production 48, no. 1 (February 1989): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100003810.
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ABSTRACTTwo experiments were carried out to examine the relative value of soya-bean, sunflower and fish meals as protein supplements for growing beef cattle offered grass silage ad libitum. In each experiment, well preserved grass silage (116 and 119 g crude protein (CP) per kg dry matter (DM) and 69 and 76 g ammonia-N per kg total N in experiments 1 and 2 respectively) was supplemented with (1) barley (107 g CP per kg DM), (2) barley/soya-bean meal (224 g CP per kg DM), (3) barley/sunflower meal (223 g CP per kg DM) and (4) barley/fish meal (218 g CP per kg DM). Each of the supplements was offered at a rate of 1·3 kg per head daily to 32 British Friesian castrated male cattle (mean initial live weight 334 kg) n i each experiment. The treatments were imposed for 118 and 134 days in experiments 1 and 2 respectively and the animals were slaughtered 8 months after the end of the treatment periods. On average over the two experiments for supplements 1 to 4 respectively, silage DM intakes were 6·2, 6·3, 6·3 and 6·2 (s.e. 0·053) kg/day; live-weight gains 0·69, 0·78, 0·71 and 0·80 (s.e. 0·039) kg/day; carcass weights 375, 377, 377 and 374 (s.e. 8·1) kg, carcass fat classification (1 = leanest, 5 = fattest); 3·5, 3·5, 3·4 and 3·6 (s.e. 0·14) and areas of m. longissimus dorsi 19·8, 19·9, 19·7 and 19·3 (s.e. 0·66) mnv/kg carcass weight. It is concluded that when part of a barley supplement given in addition to well preserved grass silage was replaced with soya-bean, sunflower or fish meals, silage intake was not affected. The inclusion of fish meal in the diet increased live-weight gain by HOg/day and the response to soya-bean meal was 0·78 of the response to fish meal per unit of crude protein. Sunflower meal did not affect performance. The treatments did not affect carcass weight or fatness 8 months after the end of the treatment periods.
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Salmeron, Géraldine, Thierry Jo Molina, Claire Fieschi, Anne-Marie Zagdanski, Pauline Brice, and David Sibon. "Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia and Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Rare Association." Case Reports in Hematology 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/567289.
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Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) has been associated with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and classical Hodgkin lymphoma, but to the best of our knowledge, the association of AIHA and nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) has not been reported previously. A 20-year-old woman presented with conjunctival jaundice, fever, asthenia, and hemoglobin 9.2 g/dL revealing IgG-mediated warm antibody AIHA. Computed tomography (CT) scan and positron-emission tomography (PET) scan showed mediastinal and axillary lymph nodes with increased [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake. A mediastinal lymph node was biopsied during mediastinoscopy, and NLPHL was diagnosed by an expert hematopathologist. The hemoglobin level declined to 4.6 g/dL. The treatment consisted of four 28-day cycles of R-ABVD (rituximab 375 mg/m2IV, adriamycin 25 mg/m2IV, bleomycin 10 mg/m2IV, vinblastine 6 mg/m2IV, and dacarbazine 375 mg/m2IV, each on days 1 and 15). Prednisone was progressively tapered over 10 weeks. After the first chemotherapy cycle, the hemoglobin level rose to 12 g/dL. After the four cycles, PET and CT scans showed complete remission (CR). At the last followup (4 years), AIHA and NLPHL were in sustained CR.
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Mutia, Khairun. "Effects of Addition of Skipjack Meat to Water Levels, Protein Levels and Ash Levels of Floss Sweet Corn." Jurnal Ilmu Pangan dan Hasil Pertanian 4, no. 1 (September 14, 2020): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.26877/jiphp.v4i1.5661.
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The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of tuna fish that can produce shredded which has good quality. The method used in this study was a completely randomized design (RAL) with 3 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments in this study were A1 (375 g of skipjack meat) A2 (250 g of skipjack meat) and A3 (125 g of skipjack meat). The results of this study resulted that A3 treatment with a concentration of 125 g of skipjack fish meat provided good quality fish with a water content of 7,17%, ash content of 2,72% and protein content of 33,22%.
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Hervé Kéassemon, KONE Cédessia, YAPI Arnaud-Freddy, and GUE Arsène. "Efficacité biologique des herbicides ACTION 80® et LUMAX® dans le contrôle des adventices dans les pépinières sèches de Tectona grandis à Sangoué en Côte d’Ivoire." Journal of Applied Biosciences 153 (September 30, 2020): 15756–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/jabs.153.3.
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Objectif : Deux herbicides « Action 80® » de matière active le Diuron (3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1,1- Dimethylurea) à 80 % et « Lumax® SE » de formulation (125 g/L de Terbuthiron, 37,5 g/L de Mesotrione et 375 g/L de S-Métolachlore) ont été testés en vue d’évaluer l’efficacité biologique de chaque produit et sa dose minimale efficace sur le contrôle des adventices dans la culture du Teck. Méthodologie et résultats : Pour pallier le déficit en main d’œuvre et résoudre le problème des adventices difficiles à maîtriser en entretien manuel, une série d’essais herbicides a été initiée dans les pépinières sèches de Tectona grandis L. dans la forêt classée de la Sangoué. Plusieurs doses des herbicides Lumax® et Action 80® ont été testées en traitement de pré émergence des adventices. Conclusion et application des résultats : Ces herbicides ont montré une bonne efficacité, la persistance des traitements varie entre 4 et 6 mois. Par ailleurs, la dose minimale efficace est de l’ordre de 3 l/ha pour Lumax® et de 4 kg/ ha pour l’Action 80®. Mots clés : adventices, contrôle chimique, reboisement, Teck, pépinières sèches Biological efficacy of ACTION® and LUMAX® herbicides in weed control in dry nurseries of Tectona grandis in Sangoué, Côte d'Ivoire ABSTRACT Objective: Two herbicides, "Action 80®" with active ingredient Diuron (3- (3,4-Dichlorophenyl) -1,1- Dimethylurea) at 80% and “Lumax® SE” of formulation (125 g/L of Terbuthiron, 37,5 g/L of Mesotrione and 375 g/L of S-Metolachlor) have been tested to assess the biological efficacy of each product and its minimum effective dose for weed control in Teak cultivation. Methodology and results: To overcome the deficit of man power and resolve the weed problem difficult to control in manual maintenance, a series of herbicide trials was initiated in the dry nurseries of Tectona grandis L. in the classified forest of Sangoué. Several doses of the herbicides Lumax® and Action 80®were tested for weed pre-emergence treatment. Kone et al., J. Appl. Biosci. 2020 Efficacité biologique des herbicides ACTION 80® et LUMAX® dans le contrôle des adventices dans les pépinières sèches de Tectona grandis à Sangoué en Côte d’Ivoire 15757 Conclusion and application of results: These herbicides have shown good efficacy, the persistence of treatments varies between 4 and 6 months. In addition, the minimum effective dose is around 3 l / ha for Lumax® and 4 kg / ha for Action 80®. Key-words: Weeds, chemical control, reforestation, teak, dry nurseries.
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Melo, Suzana Pereira de, Francisco Antonio Monteiro, and Daniel Manfredini. "Silicate and phosphate combinations for marandu palisadegrass growing on an oxisol." Scientia Agricola 64, no. 3 (June 2007): 275–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162007000300010.
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One of the greatest problems for pasture establishment and maintenance are the extremely low concentrations of available phosphorus in soils. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influences on productive and physiologic attributes during Marandu palisadegrass (Brachiaria brizantha) establishment, following changes in phosphorus availability in the soil through the applications of phosphate and silicate. To achieve this, a fractionated factorial 5² design was used, with 13 combinations for silicon and phosphorus, respectively, in mg dm-3: 150 and 10; 150 and 170; 150 and 330; 225 and 90; 225 and 250; 300 and 10; 300 and 170; 300 and 330; 375 and 90; 375 and 250; 450 and 10; 450 and 170 and 450 and 330, distributed according to randomized blocks, with four replications. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse using samples of a Typic Haplustox (760 g kg-1 sand, 40 g kg-1 silt and 200 g kg-1 clay). Wollastonite was used as the source of silicate and the sources of phosphorus were Ca(H2PO4)2, KH2PO4 and NaH2PO4. Marandu palisadegrass was grown during the summer and two harvests were made during the growing season. Significant interaction between phosphorus and silicate rates was found for the number of tillers and expanded green leaves, total leaf area, dry mass production of leaf laminae and culms with sheaths, and dry mass production of plant tops. Maximum responses of the analyzed variables were reached in the combination of the intermediate rates of phosphorus (170 and 250 mg dm-3) with high rates of silicon (375 and 450 mg dm-3).
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Suehs, Blaine A., and Delbert M. Gatlin. "Evaluation of a Commercial High-Protein Distiller’s Dried Grain with Solubles (HP-DDGS) Product in the Diet of Juvenile Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)." Aquaculture Nutrition 2022 (January 31, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1648747.
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A comparative feeding trial and digestibility determination were conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of a commercial, high-protein distiller’s dried grains with solubles (HP-DDGS) ingredient in the diet of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). For the feeding trial, six diets were formulated to contain 360 g total dietary protein kg-1 and were prepared with incremental levels of protein from the HP-DDGS (0, 75, 150, 225, 300, and 375 g of dietary protein kg-1) replacing protein from fishmeal and soybean meal. Juvenile tilapia ( 10.4 g ± 0.37 ; average initial weight ± SD ) were evenly distributed in 24, 38-L aquaria operated as a recirculating system and fed twice daily to apparent satiation throughout the 8-week trial. Nile tilapia exhibited no significant ( P > 0.05 ) differences in weight gain, feed efficiency, condition indices, whole-body proximate composition, or innate immunological responses when fed any DDGS-supplemented diets compared to the control diet. Percent apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of the DDGS product for organic matter, crude protein, and gross energy were 74.8%, 83%, and 82.8%, respectively. Availability values for all amino acids were 89% or greater. Thus, this high-protein DDGS was established as a readily digestible protein feedstuff suitable for replacing soybean meal and fishmeal at up to 375 g of total dietary protein kg-1 in a practical diet for Nile tilapia.
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Santiago-Aliste, Alberto, Eva Sánchez-Hernández, Laura Buzón-Durán, José Luis Marcos-Robles, Jesús Martín-Gil, and Pablo Martín-Ramos. "Uncaria tomentosa-Loaded Chitosan Oligomers–Hydroxyapatite–Carbon Nitride Nanocarriers for Postharvest Fruit Protection." Agronomy 13, no. 9 (August 22, 2023): 2189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092189.
Full textAbstract:
Given the risks associated with synthetic fungicides, it is crucial to explore safe and sustainable alternatives. One potential solution is using bioactive natural products (BNPs). However, BNPs face challenges like lability, solubility, and lack of specificity. These issues can be addressed through nanoencapsulation. This study focuses on the evaluation of novel chitosan oligomers–hydroxyapatite–carbon nitride (COS–HAp–g-C3N4) nanocarriers (NCs) for encapsulating BNPs, specifically an extract from Uncaria tomentosa bark. The NCs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. The NCs were monodisperse, with a mean diameter of 250 nm, and showed an encapsulation efficiency of 82%. The suitability of the loaded NCs (COS–HAp–g-C3N4–BNP, in a 2:1:0.5:1 weight ratio) for postharvest fruit protection was investigated in vitro and ex situ at a laboratory scale. Results regarding their efficacy against Botrytis cinerea on strawberries, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on mangoes, Penicillium expansum on apples, Monilinia laxa on peaches, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on kiwifruit are presented. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of 250, 375, 375, 250, and 187.5 μg·mL−1 were found in vitro, respectively, while higher doses (500, 750, 750, 250, and 375 μg·mL−1, respectively) were needed to achieve effective control in postharvest tests on artificially inoculated fruit. These findings suggest that NCs containing extracts from U. tomentosa bark show promise as biorational agents and as alternatives to conventional fungicides for managing postharvest phytopathogens.
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Martias, F. Nasution, Noflindawati, Tri Budiyanti, and Yusdar Hilman. "Respons Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Pepaya terhadap Pemupukan Nitrogen dan Kalium di Lahan Rawa Pasang Surut." Jurnal Hortikultura 21, no. 4 (December 2, 2011): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jhort.v21n4.2011.p324-330.
Full textAbstract:
Pepaya sangat potensial dibudidayakan di lahan rawa pasang surut, tetapi ketersediaan hara dalam tanahnya tergolong rendah. Nitrogen dan kalium merupakan hara yang relatif banyak dibutuhkan pepaya, sehingga budidaya pepaya di lahan rawa pasang surut perlu penambahan hara tersebut melalui pemupukan. Penelitian dilakukan di lahan rawa pasang surut eks proyek lahan gambut (PLG) sejuta hektar di Kecamatan Mantangai, Kabupaten Kapuas, Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah dari bulan Juni 2007 sampai April 2008. Tujuan penelitian ialah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian hara N dan K terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi pepaya. Benih pepaya yang digunakan ialah varietas Merah Delima. Penelitian disusun dengan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor I ialah takaran pupuk nitrogen yaitu 0, 125, 250, 375 g/tanaman dan faktor II ialah takaran pupuk kalium (K20) yaitu 0, 150, 300, 450 g/tanaman. Tiap unit perlakuan terdiri atas 10 tanaman. Parameter yang diamati meliputi sifat kimia tanah, pertumbuhan vegetatif, dan produksi tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ketersediaan N, P, dan Fe di lokasi penelitian tergolong sangat tinggi, K rendah, sedangkan Ca dan Mg sangat rendah. Pemupukan N hingga taraf 375 g/tanaman tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman pepaya. Namun pada fase produktif (10 bulan setelah tanam), panjang buah secara nyata meningkat dengan pemberian N 250 g/tanaman. Pemberian K2O pada taraf 300g/tanaman secara nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif dan produksi tanaman (jumlah, bobot, panjang, dan PTT), sedangkan pemberian K2O yang melebihi 300 g/tanaman mengakibatkan penurunan pertumbuhan, produksi, dan kualitas buah. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai landasan penelitian dan penyusunan rekomendasi pemupukan pepaya di lahan rawa pasang surut. <br /><br /><br /><br />Papaya has opportunity to be cultivated in tidal swamp land but the availability of its nutrient in the soil is low. Nitrogen and potassium are the major nutrients needed by papaya, so that the nutrient should be added through fertilization. The research was conducted in tidal swamp land in Mantangai, Kapuas, Central Kalimantan Province, from June 2007 to April 2008. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of nutrient N and K on growth and production of papaya in tidal swamp land. Merah Delima variety was used as a seed in this research. The factorial experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications.The first factor was dosage of nitrogen of 0, 125, 250, and 375 g/plant and the second factor was amount of potassium (K2O) from 0, 150, 300, and 450 g/plant. Each unit of treatment consisted of 10 plants. The parameters observed include the chemical properties of soil, vegetative growth, and crop production. The results showed that the availability of N, P, and Fe at the research location was classified as very high, whereas K was low, Ca and Mg were very low. Nitrogen fertilization up to level 375 g/plant did not significantly increase the vegetative growth of papaya plants because of its high availability of the nutrition on the soil. However, in the productive phase (10 months after planting), fruit length was significantly increased with application of N in dose 250 g/plant. Application of K2O fertilizer on 300/plant increased significantly vegetative growth and yield (number of fruit, fruit weight, fruit length, and TSS), whereas application of more than 300 g/plant decreased their growth, yield, and fruit quality. The results can be used as the basis to arrange and formulate fertilizer recommendation on papaya which is mainly grown on tidal swamp land.<br /><br />