Academic literature on the topic 'FV DETECTION'
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Journal articles on the topic "FV DETECTION"
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Reiter, Yoram, Ulrich Brinkmann, Byungkook Lee, and Ira Pastan. "Engineering antibody Fv fragments for cancer detection and therapy: Bisulfide-stabilized Fv fragments." Nature Biotechnology 14, no. 10 (October 1996): 1239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt1096-1239.
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Jansen, A., K. M. Rusch, D. M. Hohmann, and I. Thome. "FV 5 Brain networks for illusory object detection." Clinical Neurophysiology 148 (April 2023): e3-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2023.02.006.
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Ogiwara, Kenichi, Keiko Shinozawa, Keiji Nogami, Tomoko Matsumoto, Katsumi Nishiya, Nobuyuki Tsujii, Koji Yada, Katsuyuki Fukutake, and Midori Shima. "Mechanism of the Potent Activated Protein C Resistance of Novel Factor V Mutation with W1920R (FV Nara) Relative to R506Q (FV Leiden)." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.537.537.
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Abstract Abstract 537 Introduction: Factor V (FV) functions both as procoagulant and anticoagulant factors. FV R506Q (FV Leiden) showing activated protein C resistance (APCR) is popular among Caucasians, whilst it has not been reported in Asians. Recently, we have reported a Japanese boy with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) who has a novel FV W1920R mutation (FV Nara, ISTH 2009, 2011). Although he showed APCR in activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)-based assay, low levels of FV activity (10%) and antigen (40%) made it difficult to explain his severe DVT (both lower extremities and inferior vena cava). Here, we show the detailed mechanisms of his thrombotic diathesis via APCR relative to FV Leiden. Methods: We performed the detection of PC pathway inhibition with Thrombopath® (Protac-induced coagulation inhibition %; PiCi%) or the detection of APCR with calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT) in patient's plasma. FV-deficient plasmas containing varying concentrations of FV wild-type (WT) or W1920R were evaluated by an APCR-assay that specifically can measure the APC cofactor activity of FV in activated FVIII (FVIIIa) inactivation and by the APTT-based assay that probes both the susceptibility and APC cofactor components (Castoldi E, 2004). Recombinant FV proteins (FV-WT, -R506Q, and -W1920R) under pMT2/FV vector were expressed in HEK293 cells. In purified assays, activated FV (FVa) was inactivated by APC in the presence of protein S (PS). FVIIIa were also inactivated by APC/PS in the presence of FV. Cleavages of FV heavy chain were observed in SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. Results: PiCi%, a decrease ratio of thrombin generation by the addition of PC activator (protac) was low in patient's plasma (protac absent/present 794/221 mOD/min; PiCi% 72.2%) (v.s. normal plasma absent/present 834/76.1 mOD/min; PiCi% 90.9%). In CAT using platelet-rich plasmas, peak thrombin level of patient was lower than control (169 and 191 nM), but was greater in the presence of 40 nM APC (103 and 71 nM). In FV-deficient plasma containing FV WT or W1920R, W1920R exhibited no cofactor activity in FVIIIa inactivation, likely supporting the contribution to W1920R-associated APCR more significantly rather than poor susceptibility to APC. In purified assays, FVa (8 nM) activity in FV-WT, -R506Q and -W1920R after 5-min reaction with APC (25 pM), PS (30 nM), PL (20 μM) was decreased to 2.6%, 16.7%, and 62.8%, respectively. SDS-PAGE analysis for FVa heavy chain revealed little cleavage of Gln506 in FV-R506Q and markedly delayed cleavage of Arg506 in FV-W1920R. Of surprise, cleavage of Arg306 was little observed in FV-W1920R. In addition, FVIIIa (10 nM) activity after 20-min reaction with APC (0.5 nM), PS (5 nM), PL (20 μM) and FV (0.5 nM) in FV-WT, -R506Q, and -W1920R was diminished to 18.0%, 52.8% and >95% of those without FV, respectively. Although Trp1920 in FV is close to PL-binding site of the C1 domain, the binding ability of FV-W1920R to immobilized PL retained ∼70-80% of that of FV-WT. Conclusion: The novel FV mutant, W1920R possessed the potent APCR relative to FV Leiden, by reducing the susceptibility of FVa to APC-mediated inactivation and/or by interfering with the FV cofactor activity in APC-catalyzed FVIIIa inactivation. This mechanism might be associated with the impaired cleavages of Arg506 and Arg306 due to the conformational change of this FV mutant. Disclosures: Nogami: Bayer Award 2009: Research Funding.
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Erdem, Arzum, and Ece Eksin. "Electrochemical Detection of Solution Phase Hybridization Related to Single Nucleotide Mutation by Carbon Nanofibers Enriched Electrodes." Materials 12, no. 20 (October 16, 2019): 3377. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12203377.
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In the present study, a sensitive and selective impedimetric detection of solution-phase nucleic acid hybridization related to Factor V Leiden (FV Leiden) mutation was performed by carbon nanofibers (CNF) modified screen printed electrodes (SPE). The microscopic and electrochemical characterization of CNF-SPEs was explored in comparison to the unmodified electrodes. Since the FV Leiden mutation is a widespread inherited risk factor predisposing to venous thromboembolism, this study herein aimed to perform the impedimetric detection of FV Leiden mutation by a zip nucleic acid (ZNA) probe-based assay in combination with CNF-SPEs. The selectivity of the assay was then examined against the mutation-free DNA sequences as well as the synthetic PCR samples.
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Sawicki, Karol, Michał M. Placek, Tomasz Łysoń, Zenon Mariak, Robert Chrzanowski, and Marek Czosnyka. "Change in Blood Flow Velocity Pulse Waveform during Plateau Waves of Intracranial Pressure." Brain Sciences 11, no. 8 (July 29, 2021): 1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11081000.
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A reliable method for non-invasive detection of dangerous intracranial pressure (ICP) elevations is still unavailable. In this preliminary study, we investigate quantitatively our observation that superimposing waveforms of transcranial Doppler blood flow velocity (FV) and arterial blood pressure (ABP) may help in non-invasive identification of ICP plateau waves. Recordings of FV, ABP and ICP in 160 patients with severe head injury (treated in the Neurocritical Care Unit at Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK) were reviewed retrospectively. From that cohort, we identified 18 plateau waves registered in eight patients. A “measure of dissimilarity” (Dissimilarity/Difference Index, DI) between ABP and FV waveforms was calculated in three following steps: 1. fragmentation of ABP and FV signal according to cardiac cycle; 2. obtaining the normalised representative ABP and FV cycles; and finally; 3. assessing their difference, represented by the area between both curves. DI appeared to discriminate ICP plateau waves from baseline episodes slightly better than conventional pulsatility index did: area under ROC curve 0.92 vs. 0.90, sensitivity 0.81 vs. 0.69, accuracy 0.88 vs. 0.84, respectively. The concept of DI, if further tested and improved, might be used for non-invasive detection of ICP plateau waves.
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Yang, Tony, Jisong Cui, Jeremy Taylor, Angela Yang, Stephen Gruber, and David Ginsburg. "Rescue of Fatal Neonatal Hemorrhage in Factor V Deficient Mice by Low Level Transgene Expression." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 83, no. 01 (2000): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1613760.
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SummaryFactor V (FV) is a critical component of the coagulation cascade. FV-deficient patients suffer moderate to severe bleeding, though residual FV activity is detectable in nearly all cases. In contrast, FVdeficient mice die either during mid-embryogenesis, or of massive perinatal hemorrhage. In order to examine the requirements for FV in murine embryogenesis and hemostasis, we generated transgenic mouse lines expressing a Fv minigene under control of either the tissue-specific albumin (Malb) or rat platelet factor 4 (Rpf4) promoter. A total of 12 Malb and 3 Rpf4 lines were analyzed. Though expression in the target tissue was detectable in most lines by RT-PCR, only low levels of transgene expression were achieved (<3% of endogenous Fv in all lines). Despite a low level of Fv transgene expression, rescue of the lethal Fv −/− phenotype was observed with one of the Malb transgenic (Tg+) lines. However, rescue appeared to be incomplete with continued loss of >1/2 of expected Tg+, Fv −/− mice in early embryogenesis. Rescued Tg+, Fv −/− mice have undetectable FV (<0.1%) in both plasma and platelet compartments, but survive the perinatal period and mature to adulthood without spontaneous hemorrhage. We conclude that FV present at <0.1% is sufficient to support postnatal survival. Failure of the Malb transgene to rescue the midembryonic block suggests that FV expression is required during mammalian development at higher levels or with a different tissue-specific or temporal pattern. Taken together, these data may explain the observation of residual FV activity in most human FV-deficient patients due to early embryonic lethality in those absolutely deficient, and suggest that minimal levels of FV expression, below the level of detection, also may be sufficient to support survival in humans.
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Castoldi, Elisabetta, Michael Kalafatis, Barbara Lunghi, Paolo Simioni, Panayiotis Ioannou, Margherita Petio, Antonio Girolami, Kenneth Mann, and Francesco Bernardi. "Molecular Bases of Pseudo-homozygous APC Resistance: The Compound Heterozygosity for FV R506Q and a FV Null Mutation Results in the Exclusive Presence of FV Leiden Molecules in Plasma." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 80, no. 09 (1998): 403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1615220.
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SummaryPseudo-homozygous APC resistance, the condition resulting from compound heterozygosity for FV R506Q (FV Leiden) and quantitative FV deficiency, provides a natural model to study the interaction between procoagulant and anticoagulant defects. This paper reports a complete FV characterization of a pseudo-homozygous APC resistant thrombotic patient. The expression of the patient’s non-Leiden gene was found to be severely impaired both at the mRNA and protein levels. In particular, only FV Leiden molecules were detected in the patient’s plasma by immunoblotting, which accounts for the observed marked APC resistance. Analysis of the FV cDNA obtained by reverse transcription of platelet RNA revealed that the mRNA of the non-Leiden gene was extremely reduced in amount. A PAC clone containing the whole FV gene was used to design primers for a complete FV exon scanning. A 2-bp insertion at nucleotide 3706 in the large exon 13 of the non-Leiden gene, predicting a frame-shift and premature termination of protein synthesis, was identified as responsible for the FV defect. Failure to find any case of pseudo-homozygous APC resistance in a large sample (6,804) of blood donors suggests that this condition is extremely rare among normal controls and that its detection is favoured by the thrombotic risk that it may confer.
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Ichinose, Akitada, Tsukasa Osaki, and Masayoshi Souri. "A Review of Coagulation Abnormalities of Autoimmune Acquired Factor V Deficiency with a Focus on Japan." Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis 48, no. 02 (December 23, 2021): 206–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1740149.
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AbstractCoagulation factor V (or FV for the purpose of medical safety) is an essential cofactor of coagulation factor X in the common pathway of coagulation; severe FV deficiency leads to a bleeding tendency. Although both congenital and acquired FV deficiencies are widely recognized, FV deficiency also presents as an autoimmune disorder. A nationwide survey on autoimmune coagulation factor deficiencies (AiCFDs) conducted in Japan by our Japanese Collaborative Research Group identified 24 new patients with autoimmune FV deficiency (AiFVD) in the past 5 years. Furthermore, our extensive literature search confirmed that 177 AiFVD cases have been reported in previous articles published from Japan. Patients with AiFVD in Japan were predominantly men, with age similar to those with other AiCFDs. AiFVD was confirmed as a relatively mild type of bleeding diathesis, associated with lower mortality rate than that for AiFVD and other AiCFDs reported in previous studies. Patients with AiFVD had variable FV inhibitor titers and both neutralizing anti-FV autoantibodies and nonneutralizing counterparts. Although spontaneous resolution occurs in some patients, timely initiation of hemostatic and immunosuppressive therapies helps arrest the bleeding and eliminate anti-FV antibodies, resulting in a high cumulative recovery rate. Immunological anti-FV antibody detection is recommended to avoid missing AiFVD cases for the presence of nonneutralizing anti-FV autoantibodies. Further investigation is necessary to clarify the long-term prognosis and optimal management of AiFVD.
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Kirschbaum, Nancy E., and Paul A. Foster. "The Polymerase Chain Reaction with Sequence Specific Primers for the Detection of the Factor V Mutation Associated with Activated Protein C Resistance." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 74, no. 03 (1995): 874–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1649840.
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SummaryThe prevalence of the Factor V (FV) mutation associated with activated protein C resistance (FV Leiden) and its significance as a genetic risk factor for venous thrombosis have necessitated the development of a simple, rapid, and accurate assay for its detection. The polymerase chain reaction with sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP) provides a powerful technique for the discrimination of alleles resulting from single base substitutions. PCR amplification was performed using a sense primer complementary to both FV alleles coupled with either of two antisense allele specific primers, one complementary to the normal FV allele and one complementary to the FV Leiden allele. PCR conditions were developed that favored amplification only in the case of perfect complementation between template DNA and allele specific primer. The FV genotype was assigned based on whether or not each allele specific primer set produced an amplified product. Assignment of genotypes correlated 100% with those determined by the method of PCR amplification followed by MnII digestion. PCR-SSP allows the rapid and accurate identification of carriers of the Factor V Leiden mutation by a simple PCR reaction without the need for the usual post-amplification specificity step.
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Gewirtz, AM, M. Keefer, K. Doshi, AE Annamalai, HC Chiu, and RW Colman. "Biology of human megakaryocyte factor V." Blood 67, no. 6 (June 1, 1986): 1639–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v67.6.1639.bloodjournal6761639.
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To learn more about human megakaryocyte coagulation cofactor V (FV), we studied the expression of this protein in normal bone marrow megakaryocytes and in megakaryocytes cloned from their colony-forming unit in FV-depleted plasma clot cultures. Mouse monoclonal antibodies directed against either the light chain or an activation peptide of human FV and a rabbit polyclonal, monospecific FV antiserum were used as probes for these experiments in conjunction with a variety of immunochemical detection techniques. All morphologically recognizable megakaryocytes were shown to contain FV. The origin of this protein appeared to be both from FV bound to the cell as well as from endogenous FV in the majority of cells examined. The existence of a population of small bone marrow mononuclear cells that simultaneously expressed platelet glycoproteins and FV was also noted. Such cells represented approximately 70% of all small cells positive for platelet glycoproteins. In contrast, only about 40% of megakaryocyte colonies cloned in FV-deficient medium contained cells with immunochemically detectable FV. FV expression was most clearly demonstrated in large cells in the colonies, whereas smaller, presumably less mature cells labeled weakly or not at all. Synthesis of FV by human megakaryocytes was documented using elutriation-enriched cells incubated in 35S- methionine-containing medium. Megakaryocyte lysates and medium conditioned by these cells were subjected to immunoaffinity column purification. Column eluates analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography revealed radioactive bands comigrating with the heavy and light chains of thrombin-activated FV. These studies suggest that human megakaryocytes both bind and synthesize FV. Expression of these traits appears to be related to cell maturation, with binding ability appearing earlier than the ability to synthesize this protein. Finally, although the ability to bind FV appears to be universal among megakaryocytes, our culture data suggest that synthesis may be a restricted, or constitutively expressed property of these cells.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "FV DETECTION"
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Bauriegel, Elke. "Messtechnische Möglichkeiten zur Ermittlung Partieller Taubährigkeit bei Winterweizen mittels Chlorophyllfluoreszenz- und hyperspektraler Bildanalyse." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Landwirtschaftlich-Gärtnerische Fakultät, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16525.
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Fusarium-Infektionen sind ein ernstes Problem im Weizenanbau, da die ausgeschiedenen Mykotoxine gesundheitsschädlich sind. Die Krankheitssymptome sind durch bildanalytische Methoden im Vorfeld der Ernte detektierbar, so dass befallene Partien getrennt geerntet werden könnten. Künstlich mit Fusarium culmorum infizierte Weizenpflanzen wurden mittels Chlorophyllfluoreszenz- und hyperspektraler Bildanalyse in Zeitreihenversuchen analysiert. Bei den Chlorophyllfluoreszenz-Bildanalysen wurde die photosynthetische Effizienz (Fv/Fm) und deren räumliche Ungleichverteilung genutzt, um den Effekt des Krankheitsgrades auf die photosynthetische Aktivität zu ermitteln. Mit dieser Methode ist eine sehr frühzeitige Erkennung möglich, da eine Verringerung der photosynthetischen Effizienz bei den kranken Ähren zwischen dem 6. und 11. Tag nach Inokulation festgestellt wurde. Der Befallsgrad korreliert mit der photosynthetischen Effizienz. Die Berechnung des kumulativen Fv/Fm bei 0,3 führte zu einer sehr effektiven und genauen Erkennung der Partiellen Taubährigkeit ab einem Befallsgrad von mindestens 5% und einer Differenzierungsgenauigkeit von 10%. Die Chlorophyllfluoreszenz-Bildanalyse war unter Freilandbedingungen bei Einhaltung der Rahmenbedingungen zur Fusarium-Erkennung ebenfalls möglich, wenn auch mit schlechteren Erkennungsraten. Die Aufnahmen im Labor mit einem hyperspektralen Bildanalysesystem im Spektralbereich von 400-1000 nm zeigten Unterschiede in distinkten Wellenlängenbereichen und lassen die Erkennung kranker Ähren in einem Zeitfenster von BBCH 71 bis BBCH 85 zu. Die bildanalytische Klassifizierung mittels des „Spectral Angle Mapper“ liefert gute Ergebnisse, ist aber sehr zeitaufwändig. Alternativ dazu nutzt der neu erstellte head blight-Index (HBI) die spektralen Unterschiede im Bereich 665-675 nm und 550-560 nm und kann eine feldtaugliche Klassifizierungsmöglichkeit zur Erkennung von Partieller Taubährigkeit sein.Fusarium infections are serious problems in wheat production. Mycotoxins, synthesised by the fungi, are toxic and harmful in both human and animal nutrition. The symptoms of this so-called head blight disease caused by Fusarium spp. are recognizable by various image analysis methods prior to harvest. Using this information, farmer could differently utilize affected cereals, if necessary. Healthy and artificially Fusarium culmorum-infected wheat plants were analyzed with a chlorophyll fluorescence and hyper-spectral imaging system in time series. With chlorophyll fluorescence imaging (CFA), the potential maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and its spatially variable distribution was analyzed to determine the interactions between the degree of disease and the photosynthetic activity. By means of this method, early recognition was reliably achieved by a decreased photochemical efficiency in diseased ears between 6th and 11th day after inoculation. The degree of disease correlated with photochemical efficiency. At a degree of Fusarium infection of 5% and higher, calculation of the cumulative Fv/Fm at 0.3 enabled a very effective and precise determination of Fusarium head blight with a differentiation accuracy of at least 10%. Though less effective, CFA successfully detected head blight under outdoor conditions, if some boundary conditions (e.g. no direct solar irradiation) were observed. In the laboratory, a hyperspectral imaging system (wave length range 400 to 1000 nm) indicated specific spectral differences between affected and unaffected wheat ears. These differences allowed head blight recognition during BBCH 71 to BBCH 85. Imaging classification with the “Spectral Angle Mapper” method achieved good results; it is, however, very time-consuming. Alternatively, the newly derived head blight index (HBI), using spectral differences in the wave length ranges of 665 to 675 nm and 550 to 560 nm, can be a suitable outdoor classification method to evaluate head blight.
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GAUTAM, AJAI KUMAR. "BIOMETRIC RECOGNITION." Thesis, 2022. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/19630.
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Biometric Recognition is the essential process of authenticating an individual and has a
very wide application area starting from one’s essential need like phone or laptop access to
high end applications like in, Airport, Border control, surveillance, forensic applications
etc. It is implemented almost in every system that require some sort of authentication for
establishing the identity of a person. Biometrics recognition is based on the Biometric
traits, which are the physical or behavioral characteristics of a person that are physically or
behaviorally linked to the person. Since Biometric traits are physically linked to the user
therefore very difficult to steal or forge and person do not require to remember the login or
password for accessing any system or premises.
There are various biometric traits like Face, Finger Print, Finger veins, Iris, Scalera, etc
which are extensively utilized in several recognition applications. Some recognition
applications use number of traits of a person to have high recognition accuracy. Some even
take physical as well as behavioral along with soft biometric traits like hand shape etc. to
have robust recognition system that works in unconstrained environment with higher
accuracy.
Purpose of this research work is to improve the accuracy of the recognition system by
taking number of traits of a person together called Multi-Modal Biometric (MMB)
Recognition and by focusing on the finger vein trait, which is one of the current research
areas as it can be captured only of a live person.
A new method is proposed, the MMB recognition system centered on the Features Level
and Scores Level (FLSL) fusion method and Modified Deep Learning Neural Network
(MDLNN) classifier in order to enhance the performance. The face, ear, retina, fingerprint,
and front hand image traits are considered by the proposed method.
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The unique patterns of finger veins (FV) are utilized by Finger vein recognition (FVR) for
detecting individuals at a high-level accuracy. However, on account of the existence of
artifacts, irregular shading, distortions, etc, precise FV detection is a difficult task. A
framework for identifying FV is created by the work to offer a precise biometric
authorization utilizing Enhanced Sigmoid Reweighted based Convolutional Neural
Network (ES-RwCNN).
Conference papers on the topic "FV DETECTION"
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Gewirtz, A., C. L. shepiro, R. Bovd, and R. W. Colman. "REGULATION OF FACTOR V (FV) EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MEGAKARYOCYTES." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643280.
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We have suggested that synthesis of FY by human megakaryocytes (MEGS), is a maturation relrted event. This is based on our finding that when MEGS are cloned from progenitor cells in vitro in FY depleted medium, FY is immunochemically detectable only in morphologically recognizable (mature) cells (Blood 67:1639, '86). The stimuli which induce FY synthesis in MEGS are unknown, but if they are related or linked to factors which regulate terminal maturation processes cellular FY levels might increase as the maturation routine proceeds. To test this hypothesis, mature human MEGS were isolated from normal bone marrow by counterflow centrifugel elutrietion, deposited onto gloss slides by cytocentri-fugation, and then fixed in methanol:acetone. Individual cells were then staged, geometric meon cell diometer (size) determined with on opticol fylor, end FY end DNA levels measured. FV expression in a large area of the MEG (38 urn in diameter) was semi-quantitated by microspectrophotometry (MSPEC) using a sensitive Texas Red labeled streptavidin-biotin detection system and a monoclonal antibody probe (B10) directed against the non-binding FY activation peptide (150,000 kd). Cells were then reacted with Chromomycin A3 to allow for simultaneous DNA quantitation by MSPEC in the same cell. Correlation coefficients (r) and coefficient of determination [r2] were computer generated to discern potential relationships between FY expression, and MEG maturation stage, size or ploidy level in a total of 532 MEGS. Characteristics of the population, and r/r2 vs. MEG FV content ere shown below:r/r2 values did not significantly change when total MEG FY content was measured in 100 additional MEGS. Therefore, MEG FY levels varied independently with cell size and ploidy, and did not appear to correlate with degree of mature MEG maturation as determined by standard critera. In two of four preliminary experiments, low dose (8nM ql2h × 4 doses) tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate augmented both the number of MEGS expressing FV, and the level of FY expressed per individual cell. We conclude from these data that once FV synthesis is initiated, FY synthesis and events relating to final cell size and ploidy development are regulated independently. Our data also suggest that MEG FV synthesis may be regulated in part by the phosphoinositide-protein kinase C system.
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Schröder, Sebastian, Nikolas Hesse, Uta Tacke, Raphael Weinberger, Anne Schulz, Katharina Vill, Astrid Blaschek, et al. "FV 318. Infant Automated Motion Recognition Technology Using RGB-Depth Sensors for Markerless, Rater-Independent Detection of Abnormal Movements in Early Infancy—In a Motion Project." In Abstracts of the 44th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuropediatrics. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1675893.
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Roussillo, M., P. Scouflaire, N. Darabiha, S. Candel, and B. Franzelli. "A New Experimental Database for the Investigation of Soot in a Model Scale Swirled Combustor Under Perfectly Premixed Rich Conditions." In ASME Turbo Expo 2018: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2018-76205.
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Soot production in turbulent flames represents an urgent issue for applied systems and raises a range of fundamental challenges. Most of the literature effort on this question has been carried out on non-premixed turbulent flames, where mixing plays a dominant role. It is however interesting to see if soot production can be investigated in a premixed turbulent flame configuration, thus eliminating the role of mixing in this process. It is shown in the present article that this can be accomplished by making use of rich swirled ethylene/air flames under perfectly-premixed rich conditions established in a confined combustor operating at atmospheric pressure. Quantitative measurements of the soot volume fraction (fv) are carried out by the Laser Induced Incandescence (LII) technique. Although the soot volume fraction levels are one or two orders of magnitude lower than those found in non-premixed flames, it is shown that detection is feasible and that this configuration may be used to analyze effects on soot production of operating parameters such as the equivalence ratio, the power level or the wall temperature. The observed trends are interpreted numerically by considering an idealized model of a rich premixed burner-stabilized stagnation flame. This configuration is here calculated with a detailed kinetic scheme in combination with a soot sectional model. This description is able to account for some of the trends observed experimentally and indicates in particular how an increase in the wall temperature may increase the soot volume fraction as it is effectively observed in the experiment. The model predicts that the soot volume fraction level increases for high equivalence ratios. This finding is in disagreement with the experimental observations on this swirled flame, which exhibits a maximum soot volume fraction for ϕ = 2.1 for all the considered flame powers. This indicates that complex interactions take place between soot, flame, turbulence and thermal environment and that the investigation of these processes will require a comprehensive turbulent simulation. This may be guided by the database developed in the present experimental effort.