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Academic literature on the topic 'Fungus'

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Published: 4 June 2021
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Journal articles on the topic "Fungus"

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Zeilinger-Migsich, Susanne, and Prasun K. Mukherjee. "Editorial-Fungus-Fungus Interactions." Open Mycology Journal 8, no. 1 (July 11, 2014): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874437001408010027.

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Pepori, Alessia L., Priscilla P. Bettini, Cecilia Comparini, Sabrina Sarrocco, Anna Bonini, Arcangela Frascella, Luisa Ghelardini, Aniello Scala, Giovanni Vannacci, and Alberto Santini. "Geosmithia-Ophiostoma: a New Fungus-Fungus Association." Microbial Ecology 75, no. 3 (September 5, 2017): 632–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00248-017-1062-3.

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Assis, R. C. L., F. D. Luns, J. V. de Araújo, F. R. Braga, R. L. Assis, J. Marcelino, P. C. Freitas, and M. A. Andrade. "An isolate of the nematophagous fungusMonacrosporium thaumasiumfor the control of cattle trichostrongyles in south-eastern Brazil." Journal of Helminthology 89, no. 2 (March 12, 2014): 244–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x14000091.

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AbstractA mycelial formulation in sodium alginate pellets of the nematophagous fungusMonacrosporium thaumasium(isolate NF34A) was assessed in the biological control of beef cattle trichostrongyles in tropical Brazil. Two groups of ten male Nellore calves aged 6 months, a fungus-treated group and a control group, were fed on a pasture ofBrachiaria decumbensnaturally infected with larvae of cattle trichostrongyles. The fungus-treated group received doses of sodium alginate mycelial pellets orally (1 g pellets (0.2 g fungus)/10 kg live weight) twice a week for 12 months. At the end of the study there was a significant reduction (P< 0.01) in the number of eggs per gram of faeces and coprocultures of the fungus-treated group – 47.8% and 50.2%, respectively – in relation to the control group. There was a 47.3% reduction in herbage samples, collected up to 0–20 cm from faecal pats, between the fungus-treated and control groups, and a 58% reduction when the sampling distance was 20–40 cm from faecal pats (P< 0.01). The treatment with sodium alginate pellets containing the nematode-trapping fungusM. thaumasiumreduced trichostrongyles in tropical south-eastern Brazil and could be an effective tool for the biological control of this parasitic nematode in beef cattle. However, in such a tropical climate with low rainfall the fungal viability can be reduced.
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Quintana-Rodriguez, Elizabeth, L. Enrique Rivera-Macias, Rosa M. Adame-Alvarez, Jorge Molina Torres, and Martin Heil. "Shared weapons in fungus-fungus and fungus-plant interactions? Volatile organic compounds of plant or fungal origin exert direct antifungal activity in vitro." Fungal Ecology 33 (June 2018): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2018.02.005.

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Ahmad, Waseem, Muhammad Iqbal, and Gohar Amin. "NASAL POLYPS." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 09 (September 9, 2018): 1417–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/18.4634.

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BABA, Hayri, and Sinan ALKAN. "Macrofungi of Mustafa Kemal University Tayfur Sökmen Campus (Hatay- Turkey) And Environment." Journal of Fungus 5, no. 2 (November 30, 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.15318/fungus.201428229.

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ŞEN, İsmail, and Hakan ALLI. "Bigadiç (Balıkesir) Yöresi Makrofungusları." Journal of Fungus 5, no. 2 (November 30, 2014): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15318/fungus.201428230.

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BAYBURT, Cansu, Ayşe Betül KARADUMAN, and Uğur ÇELİK. "Farklı Gelişim Dönemlerinde Pleurotus ostreatus Kompostundan Ligninolitik Enzim Ekstraksiyonu İçin Uygun Yöntem Seçimi." Journal of Fungus 5, no. 2 (November 30, 2014): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15318/fungus.201428231.

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BABA, Hayri. "Türkiye den İlk Defa Fimikol Miksomiset Kaydı." Journal of Fungus 5, no. 1 (April 30, 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.15318/fungus.201456195.

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Ekici, Tuğba. "Light and Electron Microscope Studies of Species of Plant Pathogenic Basidiomycota Isolated from Plants in Kıbrıs Village Valley (Ankara, Turkey)." Journal of Fungus 5, no. 1 (April 30, 2014): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15318/fungus.201456196.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fungus"

1

Gonçalves, Heloísa Bressan [UNESP]. "Produção de tanases por Emericella nivea : purificação e caracterização bioquímica." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100765.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A tanase (EC 3.1.1.20) é uma enzima induzível que age sobre os taninos hidrolisando suas ligações éster e depsídicas obtendo-se como produtos a glicose e o ácido elágico ou ácido gálico, sendo este último, um importante substrato para as indústrias farmacêutica e química. Entre os diferentes organismos capazes de produzir tanases, os microorganismos, de modo especial os fungos filamentosos, vêm se destacando uma vez que são mais versáteis na degradação de diferentes tipos de taninos. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar as tanases intra e extracelulares do fungo filamentoso Emericella nivea produzidas em Fermentação Submersa (FSbm) e em Fermentação em Substrato Sólido (FSS), purificando-as e caracterizando-as bioquimicamente, além de imobilizá-las em suportes de agarose. Em princípio, foi realizada a seleção da melhor cepa produtora de tanases, submetendo-se 42 linhagens fúngicas a FSbm em meio de cultura Khanna com 2% de ácido tânico como fonte de carbono, por 3 a 4 dias a 30ºC, tendo sido o fungo Emericella nivea selecionado para prosseguimento do trabalho. Para este microorganismo os maiores nívies enzimáticos extracelulares foram obtidos em 3 dias de cultivo em FSbm e 8 dias em FSS, sendo para esta última utilizados produtos agroindustriais e folhas de vegetais de diferentes espécies secas trituradas umedecidas com água de torneira (1:1; p/v). As tanases extra e intracelular foram purificadas 61 e 2,5 vezes com recuperação de 30% e 8,8%, respectivamente. Eletroforese em condições não desnaturantes (PAGE 7%) mostrou a presença de uma única banda protéica revelada por prata e para atividade tanásica com a mesma mobilidade relativa. A forma extracelular possui massa molecular nativa de aproximadamente 322kDa com 50% de conteúdo de carboidratos. Já a enzima intracelular apresentou massa molecular nativa de 258kDa e 17% de...
Tannases (EC 3.1.1.20) are inducible enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of ester and depside bonds in hydrolysable tannins releasing glucose and ellagic acid or gallic acid, which is an important compound used in pharmaceutical and chemical industries. Among different organisms able to produce these enzymes, the microorganisms, especially filamentous fungi deserve attention since they can act on different tannins degradation ways. In this context, the aim of this work was to study the intra and extracellular tannases from the filamentous fungus Emericella nivea produced in Submerged Fermentation (SbmF) and Solid Substrate Fermentation (SSF), purifying and characterizing them biochemically, as well to immobilize the extracellular enzyme in agarose supports. First of all, it was selected the best tannase producer among 42 strains, in Khanna culture medium with 2% tannic acid as carbon source for 3-4 days at 30°C, and the fungus Emericella nivea was selected. This fungus produced high levels of extracellular enzyme at 3 and 8 days when cultivated in SbmF and SSF at 30°C, respectivally. FSS was performed with agroindustrial products or crushed dried leaves of different plants umidified with tap water (1:1, w/v). The extra and intracellular tannases were purified 61 times and 2.5-times, with recovery of 30% and 8.8%, respectivally. Non-denaturing electrophoresis (PAGE 7%), showed a unique proteic band stained by silver and for activity, both with the same relative mobility. The extracellular enzyme, probably, is a hetero-dimeric protein with native molecular mass of 322 kDa with 50% of carbohydrate content and the intracellular with native molecular mass of 258 kDa and 17% of carbohydrate. The optimum temperature were 45ºC and 50°C for the extra and intracellular enzymes, respectively and the optimum pH for both enzymes was 5.0. The soluble tannases were thermostable with... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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2

Iakovlev, Andrei. "Molecular responses of mycelia to fungus-fungus interactions /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 2001. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/2001/91-576-6310-6.pdf.

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McCoy, Jan. "Control That Fungus!" College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/295710.

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Gonçalves, Heloísa Bressan. "Produção de tanases por Emericella nivea : purificação e caracterização bioquímica /." Araraquara, [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100765.

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Orientador: Luis Henrique Souza Guimarães
Banca: João Atilio Jorge
Banca: Rosane Marina Peralta
Resumo: A tanase (EC 3.1.1.20) é uma enzima induzível que age sobre os taninos hidrolisando suas ligações éster e depsídicas obtendo-se como produtos a glicose e o ácido elágico ou ácido gálico, sendo este último, um importante substrato para as indústrias farmacêutica e química. Entre os diferentes organismos capazes de produzir tanases, os microorganismos, de modo especial os fungos filamentosos, vêm se destacando uma vez que são mais versáteis na degradação de diferentes tipos de taninos. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar as tanases intra e extracelulares do fungo filamentoso Emericella nivea produzidas em Fermentação Submersa (FSbm) e em Fermentação em Substrato Sólido (FSS), purificando-as e caracterizando-as bioquimicamente, além de imobilizá-las em suportes de agarose. Em princípio, foi realizada a seleção da melhor cepa produtora de tanases, submetendo-se 42 linhagens fúngicas a FSbm em meio de cultura Khanna com 2% de ácido tânico como fonte de carbono, por 3 a 4 dias a 30ºC, tendo sido o fungo Emericella nivea selecionado para prosseguimento do trabalho. Para este microorganismo os maiores nívies enzimáticos extracelulares foram obtidos em 3 dias de cultivo em FSbm e 8 dias em FSS, sendo para esta última utilizados produtos agroindustriais e folhas de vegetais de diferentes espécies secas trituradas umedecidas com água de torneira (1:1; p/v). As tanases extra e intracelular foram purificadas 61 e 2,5 vezes com recuperação de 30% e 8,8%, respectivamente. Eletroforese em condições não desnaturantes (PAGE 7%) mostrou a presença de uma única banda protéica revelada por prata e para atividade tanásica com a mesma mobilidade relativa. A forma extracelular possui massa molecular nativa de aproximadamente 322kDa com 50% de conteúdo de carboidratos. Já a enzima intracelular apresentou massa molecular nativa de 258kDa e 17% de... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Tannases (EC 3.1.1.20) are inducible enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of ester and depside bonds in hydrolysable tannins releasing glucose and ellagic acid or gallic acid, which is an important compound used in pharmaceutical and chemical industries. Among different organisms able to produce these enzymes, the microorganisms, especially filamentous fungi deserve attention since they can act on different tannins degradation ways. In this context, the aim of this work was to study the intra and extracellular tannases from the filamentous fungus Emericella nivea produced in Submerged Fermentation (SbmF) and Solid Substrate Fermentation (SSF), purifying and characterizing them biochemically, as well to immobilize the extracellular enzyme in agarose supports. First of all, it was selected the best tannase producer among 42 strains, in Khanna culture medium with 2% tannic acid as carbon source for 3-4 days at 30°C, and the fungus Emericella nivea was selected. This fungus produced high levels of extracellular enzyme at 3 and 8 days when cultivated in SbmF and SSF at 30°C, respectivally. FSS was performed with agroindustrial products or crushed dried leaves of different plants umidified with tap water (1:1, w/v). The extra and intracellular tannases were purified 61 times and 2.5-times, with recovery of 30% and 8.8%, respectivally. Non-denaturing electrophoresis (PAGE 7%), showed a unique proteic band stained by silver and for activity, both with the same relative mobility. The extracellular enzyme, probably, is a hetero-dimeric protein with native molecular mass of 322 kDa with 50% of carbohydrate content and the intracellular with native molecular mass of 258 kDa and 17% of carbohydrate. The optimum temperature were 45ºC and 50°C for the extra and intracellular enzymes, respectively and the optimum pH for both enzymes was 5.0. The soluble tannases were thermostable with... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Ruckstuhl, Markus. "Wheat spot blotch fungus /." Zürich, 1997. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=12302.

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Pereira, Fernanda Dias [UNESP]. "Análise filogenética entre Citrus spp. e Guignardia spp." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92710.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
A citricultura brasileira representa um importante segmento econômico na pauta de produtos agrícolas, não só por seu expressivo valor de produção, como por sua importância na geração de empregos diretos e indiretos. No mundo, o Brasil destaca-se como maior produtor de citros, e exportador de suco concentrado de laranja. Entretanto, a citricultura ressente-se de problemas complexos, de natureza diversa, com particular destaque para o de ordem fitossanitária. Dentre esses problemas destaca-se a Mancha Preta dos Citros (MPC), causada pelo fungo Guignardia citricarpa. A doença deprecia os frutos para o mercado in natura e restringe a possibilidade de exportação. Além disso, provoca a queda prematura dos frutos e eleva o custo de produção devido à necessidade de controle. O presente trabalho teve o objetivo de estabelecer relações filogenéticas entre Citrus spp. e Guignardia spp., entender a origem evolutiva do patossistema Citrus – G. citricarpa, bem como avaliar a ocorrência de G. citricarpa como patógeno em momentos distintos na história evolutiva de Citrus. Os dados filogenéticos foram gerados utilizando-se marcadores moleculares do tipo AFLP e sequenciamento da região ITS1-5.8S-ITS2, em ambos os gêneros. As análises filogenéticas foram realizadas no programa PAUP* v.4.0b10. Os resultados das análises filogenéticas utilizando AFLP foram mais informativos que aqueles gerados com base no sequenciamento da região ITS1-5.8S-ITS2, tanto para Citrus quanto para Guignardia. As análises de AFLP permitem concluir que G. citricarpa e G. mangiferae, isoladas de C. medica, apresentam maior distância filogenética em relação aos isolados das outras espécies cítricas. A evolução do patossistema Citrus/Guignardia não pôde ser estabelecida, de forma geral, por meio da associação das filogenias...
The Brazilian citriculture represents an important economic sector in the agenda of agricultural products, not only for its impressive production value, for its importance in generating direct and indirect jobs. In the world, Brazil stands out as the largest citrus producer and exporter of concentrated orange juice. However, the citriculture suffers from complex problems of diverse nature, with particular emphasis on plant health. Among these problems highlight the Black Spot of Citrus (BSC), caused by the fungus Guignardia citricarpa. The disease depreciates the fruit for the fresh market and restricts the ability to export. Furthermore, causes the fall premature fruit and raises the cost of production due to need for control. This study aimed to establish phylogenetic relationships between Citrus and Guignardia, understanding the evolutionary origin of pathosystem Citrus - G. citricarpa, and to evaluate the occurrence of G. citricarpa pathogen at different period in evolutionary history of Citrus. The phylogenetic data were generate for both genera using AFLP molecular markers and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequencing . Phylogenetic analysis were performed in the PAUP * v.4.0b10 program. The phylogenetic analysis using AFLP were more informative than ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequencing in both genera Citrus and Guignardia. The AFLP analysis conclude that G. citricarpa and G. mangiferae isolated from C. medica presents a larger phylogenetic distance if compared to the other citrus spp. strains. The evolution of the pathosystem Citrus/Guignardia could not be established, in general, through the association of phylogenies generated for Citrus spp. and Guignardia spp. except in the particular case of bo isolated from C. medica, which follow a pattern of associations in pathogen/endophyte
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Pereira, Fernanda Dias. "Análise filogenética entre Citrus spp. e Guignardia spp. /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92710.

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Orientador: Silvana Giuliatti
Banca: Ana Lilia Alzate Marin
Banca: Gabriella Souza Cintra
Resumo: A citricultura brasileira representa um importante segmento econômico na pauta de produtos agrícolas, não só por seu expressivo valor de produção, como por sua importância na geração de empregos diretos e indiretos. No mundo, o Brasil destaca-se como maior produtor de citros, e exportador de suco concentrado de laranja. Entretanto, a citricultura ressente-se de problemas complexos, de natureza diversa, com particular destaque para o de ordem fitossanitária. Dentre esses problemas destaca-se a Mancha Preta dos Citros (MPC), causada pelo fungo Guignardia citricarpa. A doença deprecia os frutos para o mercado in natura e restringe a possibilidade de exportação. Além disso, provoca a queda prematura dos frutos e eleva o custo de produção devido à necessidade de controle. O presente trabalho teve o objetivo de estabelecer relações filogenéticas entre Citrus spp. e Guignardia spp., entender a origem evolutiva do patossistema Citrus - G. citricarpa, bem como avaliar a ocorrência de G. citricarpa como patógeno em momentos distintos na história evolutiva de Citrus. Os dados filogenéticos foram gerados utilizando-se marcadores moleculares do tipo AFLP e sequenciamento da região ITS1-5.8S-ITS2, em ambos os gêneros. As análises filogenéticas foram realizadas no programa PAUP* v.4.0b10. Os resultados das análises filogenéticas utilizando AFLP foram mais informativos que aqueles gerados com base no sequenciamento da região ITS1-5.8S-ITS2, tanto para Citrus quanto para Guignardia. As análises de AFLP permitem concluir que G. citricarpa e G. mangiferae, isoladas de C. medica, apresentam maior distância filogenética em relação aos isolados das outras espécies cítricas. A evolução do patossistema Citrus/Guignardia não pôde ser estabelecida, de forma geral, por meio da associação das filogenias... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The Brazilian citriculture represents an important economic sector in the agenda of agricultural products, not only for its impressive production value, for its importance in generating direct and indirect jobs. In the world, Brazil stands out as the largest citrus producer and exporter of concentrated orange juice. However, the citriculture suffers from complex problems of diverse nature, with particular emphasis on plant health. Among these problems highlight the Black Spot of Citrus (BSC), caused by the fungus Guignardia citricarpa. The disease depreciates the fruit for the fresh market and restricts the ability to export. Furthermore, causes the fall premature fruit and raises the cost of production due to need for control. This study aimed to establish phylogenetic relationships between Citrus and Guignardia, understanding the evolutionary origin of pathosystem Citrus - G. citricarpa, and to evaluate the occurrence of G. citricarpa pathogen at different period in evolutionary history of Citrus. The phylogenetic data were generate for both genera using AFLP molecular markers and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequencing . Phylogenetic analysis were performed in the PAUP * v.4.0b10 program. The phylogenetic analysis using AFLP were more informative than ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequencing in both genera Citrus and Guignardia. The AFLP analysis conclude that G. citricarpa and G. mangiferae isolated from C. medica presents a larger phylogenetic distance if compared to the other citrus spp. strains. The evolution of the pathosystem Citrus/Guignardia could not be established, in general, through the association of phylogenies generated for Citrus spp. and Guignardia spp. except in the particular case of bo isolated from C. medica, which follow a pattern of associations in pathogen/endophyte
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Oses-Ruiz, Miriam. "Signalling circuitry controlling fungal virulence in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/16968.

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Rice blast disease is caused by the filamentous ascomycete fungus Magnaporthe oryzae and is the most destructive disease of cultivated rice. The pathogen elaborates a specialized infection structure called the appressorium. The morphological and physiological transitions that lead to appressorium formation of M. oryzae are stimulated through perception of environmental signals and are tightly regulated by cell cycle checkpoints. External stimuli are internalized by a variety of intracellular MAP kinase signaling pathways, and the major pathway regulating appressorium morphogenesis and plant infection is the Pmk1 MAP kinase signaling pathway. The central kinase, Pmk1, is required for appressorium morphogenesis and the homeobox and C2/H2 Zn-finger domain transcription factor, called Mst12, is required for appressorium formation and tissue invasion. The Mst12 null mutant is able to form melanised appressoria, but it is non-pathogenic. To understand the mechanism of appressorium morphogenesis and penetration peg formation, genome-wide comparative transcriptional profiling analysis was performed for the Δpmk1 and Δmst12 mutant using RNA-seq and HiSeq 2000 sequencing. This thesis reports the identification of gene sets regulated by the Pmk1 signalling pathway and defines the sub-set of these genes regulated by Mst12. I show that a hierarchy of transcription factors is likely to operate downstream of Pmk1 to regulate the main processes required for appressorium morphogenesis and plant infection. I also report the role of Mst12 in cytoskeletal re-organisation and show that it is necessary for septin-dependent F-actin polymerisation at the base on the appressorium prior to plant infection. This is consistent with the major transcriptional changes observed by RNA-seq. The thesis also reports experiments that strongly suggest that appressorium mediated plant penetration is regulated by an S-phase checkpoint which operates independently of the conventional DNA damage and repair response, and the Cds1 and Chk1 checkpoint kinases. Transcriptional profiling results are consistent with the S-phase checkpoint operating downstream of the Pmk1 MAP kinase signalling pathway. An integrated model for the operation of the Pmk1/Mst12 signalling pathways and the hierarchical control of appressorium morphogenesis in the rice blast fungus is presented.
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Hagen, Ethan D. "A Macrofungal Survey of the Baker Property, Athens County, Ohio." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1309220666.

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Bealmear, Stacey. "Fungus Gnat Integrated Pest Management." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144781.

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Books on the topic "Fungus"

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Knight, Harry Adam. Fungus. Gdansk: Phantom Press International, 1991.

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Patton, Jayla. Fungus Queen. [Pittsburgh, PA]: The author, 2016.

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C, Gregory S., and Strouts R. G, eds. Honey fungus. 8th ed. London: HMSO, 1991.

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Knight, Harry Adam. The fungus. New York: F. Watts, 1989.

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The fungus. London: W.H. Allen, 1985.

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Gow, Neil A. R., and Geoffrey M. Gadd, eds. The Growing Fungus. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-585-27576-5.

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Brand, Alexandra C., and Donna M. MacCallum, eds. Host-Fungus Interactions. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-539-8.

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Stefoff, Rebecca. The fungus kingdom. Tarrytown, N.Y: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark, 2008.

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den, Bossche H. van, Stevens David A, Odds F. C, National Foundation for Infectious Diseases (U.S.), and International Symposium on Topics in Mycology (5th : 1995 : Stanford, Calif.), eds. Host fungus interplay. Bethesda, MD: National Foundation for Infectious Diseases, 1997.

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Tietze, Harald W. Kombucha: Miracle fungus. 6th ed. Bath: Gateway, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fungus"

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Fungus (Plur.: Fungi)." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 214. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_4125.

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Tobias, Michael Charles. "Fungus." In Codex Orféo, 43–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30622-3_17.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Fungus." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 330. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_5358.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Anti-Fungus." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_692.

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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Entomopathogenic Fungus." In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 949. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43978-4_3847.

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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Entomopathogenic Fungus." In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27769-6_3847-1.

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Krafsur, E. S., R. D. Moon, R. Albajes, O. Alomar, Elisabetta Chiappini, John Huber, John L. Capinera, et al. "Fungus Beetles." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 1551. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_3918.

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Rodrigues Marques, João Paulo, and Marli Kasue Misaki Soares. "Fungus Detection." In Handbook of Techniques in Plant Histopathology, 51–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14659-6_4.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Fungus Resistance." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 330. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_5359.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Club Fungus." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 883. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_13410.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fungus"

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Choglokova, A. A., and G. V. Mitina. "Antibiotic activity of strains of the fungus Lecanicillium muscarium against phytopathogens." In CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2020-5-9-10-117.

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The aim of the work was the identification of the antibiotic properties of highly virulent strains of the fungus Lecanicillium. Most of the strains were more active against phytopathogenic fungi than bacteria. Strain F 14 showed high antibiotic properties against both fungal and bacterial pathogens. Strain Vl 79 (L. dimorphum) was more active against phytopathogenic fungi, and Vl 61 showed good results against bacteria.
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Gajewski, Kamil, Witold Prusak, Jaroslaw Fafara, Aleksander Skrzypiec, and Tymoteusz Turlej. "ARTIFICIALLY AIDED FUNGI RECOGNITION USING CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORKS." In 22nd International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022v/3.2/s14.33.

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This article presents the concept of using neural networks in the recognition of fungi for use in a mobile forest ecosystem inspection robot. There are many dependencies regarding the occurrence of fungi in the vicinity of specific tree species. The presence of some fungi may be the result of a developing tree disease. The possibility of quick recognition of the fungus species using an autonomous mobile robot will allow for faster detection and prevention of the disease in entire ecosystems. An attempt was made to use neural networks to improve the efficiency of recognizing a specific species of fungus. This paper presents a comparison between our network and the AlexNet method network (created by Alex Krizhevsky) [1] for fungal recognition. This system was designed so that created by our students' science club NewTech AGH mobile inspection robot "RUMCAJS" could map the fungal population over time. Based on the comparison of the neural networks used, the possibility of correct use of the proposed solution for the detection of fungi was shown, as well as a more effective method in this application was indicated. The proposed method can be successfully implemented for the inspection of ecosystems using autonomous robots.
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Patel, H., and B. Giri. "The Lung Fungus." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a5471.

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Tahir, Muhammad Waseem, N. A. Zaidi, R. Blank, P. P. Vinayaka, and W. Lang. "Fungus Detection System." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing (ICAC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icac.2016.50.

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Street, N., P. Dougherty, E. Urbina, S. Tosonian, F. J. Soto, and P. Branca. "A Mass of Fungus." In American Thoracic Society 2023 International Conference, May 19-24, 2023 - Washington, DC. American Thoracic Society, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2023.207.1_meetingabstracts.a5332.

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Siyu, Chen, Bai Bing, Liu Chunshan, Tao Changchun, and Zhao Yang. "Fungus Rotating Drying Control Equipment." In 2016 International Conference on Intelligent Transportation, Big Data & Smart City (ICITBS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icitbs.2016.32.

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Harris, David M., Brian A. McDowell, and John Strisower. "Laser treatment for toenail fungus." In SPIE BiOS: Biomedical Optics, edited by Nikiforos Kollias, Bernard Choi, Haishan Zeng, Reza S. Malek, Brian J. Wong, Justus F. R. Ilgner, Kenton W. Gregory, et al. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.810193.

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Safin, Ruslan, Evgeny Razumov, Ekaterina Baigildeeva, Albina Safina, and Valeriy Gubernatorov. "CRYOGENIC CRUSHING OF BIRCH FUNGUS." In 20th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Proceedings SGEM 2020. STEF92 Technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2020/3.1/s14.082.

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Rivas, C. Soler, H. J. Wichers, F. Eckhard, and Ch Lasseur. "FOOD: Fungus on Orbit Demonstration." In International Conference On Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2000-01-2382.

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Sasco, Elena. "Influența restricțiilor hidrice asupra fungului Fusarium Solani Var. Coeruleum." In International Scientific Symposium "Plant Protection – Achievements and Prospects". Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/9789975347204.75.

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The article presents data on the influence of water restrictions on the fungi Fusarium solani var. coeruleum. The considerable decrease of the share of the strain factor from 68.88% to 16.97% for F. solani, denotes the high survival capacity of the fungus in conditions of osmotic restrictions produced by the osmotic substance PEG, thus confirming the data from the literature. The spread of the mycelium in the form of plaque or film, the intensity of pigmentation, the presence of aerial mycelium show changes in the adaptation of the fungus to osmotic conditions, which have significantly affected the growth of F. solani.
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Reports on the topic "Fungus"

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Dickman, Martin B., and Oded Yarden. Characterization of the chorismate mutase effector (SsCm1) from Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7600027.bard.

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Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a filamentous fungus (mold) that causes plant disease. It has an extremely wide range of hosts (>400 species) and causes considerable damage (annual multimillion dollar losses) in economically important crops. It has proven difficult to control (culturally or chemically) and host resistance to this fungus has generally been inadequate. It is believed that this fungus occurs in almost every country. Virulence of this aggressive pathogen is bolstered by a wide array of plant cell wall degrading enzymes and various compounds (secondary metabolites) produced by the fungus. It is well established that plant pathogenic fungi secrete proteins and small molecules that interact with host cells and play a critical role in disease development. Such secreted proteins have been collectively designated as “effectors”. Plant resistance against some pathogens can be mediated by recognition of such effectors. Alternatively, effectors can interfere with plant defense. Some such effectors are recognized by the host plant and can culminate in a programmed cell death (PCD) resistant response. During the course of this study, we analyzed an effector in Sclerotiniasclerotiorum. This specific effector, SsCM1 is the protein chorismatemutase, which is an enzyme involved in a pathway which is important in the production of important amino acids, such a Tryptophan. We have characterized the Sclerotiniaeffector, SsCM1, and have shown that inactivation of Sscm1 does not affect fungal vegetative growth, development or production of oxalic acid (one of this fungus’ secondary metabolites associated with disease) production. However, yhis does result in reduced fungal virulence. We show that, unexpectedly, the SsCM1 protein translocates to the host chloroplast, and demonstrated that this process is required for full fungal virulence. We have also determined that the fungal SsCM1 protein can interact with similar proteins produced by the host. In addition, we have shown that the fungal SsCM1 is able to suppress at least some of the effects imposed by reactive oxygen species which are produced as a defense mechanism by the host. Last, but not least, the results of our studies have provided evidence contradicting the current dogma on at least some of the mechanist aspects of how this pathogen infects the host. Contrary to previousons, indicating that this pathogen kills its host by use of metabolites and enzymes that degrade the host tissue (a process called necrotrophy), we now know that at least in the early phases of infection, the fungus interacts with live host tissue (a phenomenon known as biotrophy). Taken together, the results of our studies provide novel insights concerning the mechanistic aspects of Sclerotinia-host interactions. We hope this information will be used to interfere with the disease cycle in a manner that will protect plants from this devastating fungus.
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Sharon, Amir, and Maor Bar-Peled. Identification of new glycan metabolic pathways in the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea and their role in fungus-plant interactions. United States Department of Agriculture, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597916.bard.

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The involvement of glycans in microbial adherence, recognition and signaling is often a critical determinant of pathogenesis. Although the major glycan components of fungal cell walls have been identified there is limited information available on its ‘minor sugar components’ and how these change during different stages of fungal development. Our aim was to define the role of Rhacontaining-glycans in the gray mold disease caused by the necrotrophic fungus B. cinerea. The research was built on the discovery of two genes, Bcdhand bcer, that are involved in formation of UDP-KDG and UDP-Rha, two UDP- sugars that may serve as donors for the synthesis of cell surface glycans. Objectives of the proposed research included: 1) To determine the function of B. cinereaBcDh and BcEr in glycan biosynthesis and in pathogenesis, 2) To determine the expression pattern of BcDH and BcERand cellular localization of their encoded proteins, 3) Characterize the structure and distribution of Rha- containing glycans, 4) Characterization of the UDP-sugar enzymes and potential of GTs involved in glycanrhamnosylation. To address these objectives we generated a series of B. cinereamutants with modifications in the bchdhand bcergenes and the phenotype and sugar metabolism in the resulting strains were characterized. Analysis of sugar metabolites showed that changes in the genes caused changes in primary and secondary sugars, including abolishment of rhamnose, however abolishment of rhamnose synthesis did not cause changes in the fungal phenotype. In contrast, we found that deletion of the second gene, bcer, leads to accumulation of the intermediate sugar – UDP- KDG, and that such mutants suffer from a range of defects including reduced virulence. Further analyses confirmed that UDP-KDG is toxic to the fungus. Studies on mode of action suggested that UDP-KDG might affect integrity of the fungal cell wall, possibly by inhibiting UDP-sugars metabolic enzymes. Our results confirm that bcdhand bcerrepresent a single pathway of rhamnose synthesis in B. cinerea, that rhamnose does not affect in vitro development or virulence of the fungus. We also concluded that UDP-KDG is toxic to B. cinereaand hence UDP-KDG or compounds that inhibit Er enzymes and lead to accumulation of UDP-KDG might have antifungal activity. This toxicity is likely the case with other fungi, this became apparent in a collaborative work with Prof. Bart Thomma of Wageningen University, NETHERLANDS . We have shown the deletion of ER mutant in Verticillium dahlia gave plants resistance to the fungal infection.
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Timberlake, W. E. Fifth international fungus spore conference. [Abstracts]: Final technical report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10149084.

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MM Shah. Bio-Treatment of Energetic Materials Using White-Rot Fungus. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1830.

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Shah, Manish M. Bio-Treatment of Energetic Materials Using White-Rot Fungus. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1405063.

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Jones, Robert M., Alison K. Thurston, Robyn A. Barbato, and Eftihia V. Barnes. Evaluating the Conductive Properties of Melanin-Producing Fungus, Curvularia lunata, after Copper Doping. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/38641.

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Melanins are pigmented biomacromolecules found throughout all domains of life. Of melanins’ many unique properties, their malleable electrically conductive properties and their ability to chelate could allow them to serve as material for bioelectronics. Studies have shown that sheets or pellets of melanin conduct low levels of electricity; however, electrical conductance of melanin within a cellular context has not been thoroughly investigated. In addition, given the chelating properties of melanin, it is possible that introducing traditionally con-ductive metal ions could improve the conductivity. Therefore, this study investigated the conductive properties of melanized cells and how metal ions change these. We measured the con-ductivity of pulverized Curvularia lunata, a melanized filamentous fungi, with and without the addition of copper ions. We then com-pared the conductivity measurements of the fungus to chemically synthesized, commercially bought melanin. Our data showed that the conductivity of the melanized fungal biomass was an order of magnitude higher when grown in the presence of copper. However, it was two orders of magnitude less than that of synthetic melanin. Interestingly, conductance was measurable despite additional constituents in the pellet that may inhibit conductivity. Therefore, these data show promising results for using melanized cells to carry electrical signals.
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Dickman, Martin B., and Oded Yarden. Role of Phosphorylation in Fungal Spore Germination. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568761.bard.

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Spore germination is a common and fundamental event in fungal development and in many instances an essential phase of fungal infection and dissemination. Spore germination is also critical for hyperparasites to function as biocontrol agents as well as in fermentation proceses. Our common objective is to understand the mechanisms which regulated spore germination and identify factors involved in pathogenicity related prepenetration development. Our approach is to exploit the overall similarity among filamentous fungi using both a plant pathogen (Colletotricum trifolii) and a model system that is genetically sophisticated (Neurospora crassa). The simulataneous use of two organisms has the advantage of the available tools in Neurospora to rapidly advance the functional analysis of genes involved in spore germination and development of an economically important fungal phytopathogen. Towards this we have isolated a protein kinase gene from C. trifolii (TB3) that is maximally expressed during the first hour of conidial germination and prior to any visible gene tube formation. Based on sequence similarities with other organisms, this gene is likely to be involved in the proliferative response in the fungus. In addition, TB3 was able to functionally complement a N. crassa mutant (COT-1). Pharmacological studies indicated the importance of calmodulin in both germination and appressorium differentiation. Using an antisense vector from N. crassa, direct inhibition of calmodulin results in prevention of differentiation as well as pathogenicity. Both cAMP dependent protein kinase (PKA) and protein kinase C (PKC) like genes have been cloned from C. trifolii. Biochemical inhibition of PKA prevents germination; biochemical inhibitors of PKC prevents appressorium differentiation. In order to analyze reversible phosphorylation as a regulatory mechanism, some ser.thr dephosphorylative events have also been analyzed. Type 2A and Type 2B (calcineurin) phosphatases have been identified and structurally and functionally analyzed in N. crassa during this project. Both phosphatases are essential for hyphal growth and maintenance of proper hyphal architecture. In addition, a first novel-type (PPT/PP5-like) ser/thr phosphatase has been identified in a filamentous fungus. The highly collaborative project has improved our understanding of a fundamental process in fungi, and has identified targets which can be used to develop new approaches for control of fungal plant pathogens as well as improve the performance of beneficial fungi in the field and in industry. In addition, the feasibility of molecular technology transfer in comparative mycology has been demonstrated.
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Dickman, Martin B., and Oded Yarden. Pathogenicity and Sclerotial Development of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum: Involvement of Oxalic Acid and Chitin Synthesis. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7571357.bard.

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Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is among the world's most successful and omnivorous fungal plant pathogens. Included in the nearly 400 species of plants reported as hosts to this fungus are canola, alfalfa, soybean, sunflower, dry bean and potato. The general inability to develop resistant germplasm with these economically important crops to this pathogen has focused attention on the need for a more detailed examination of the pathogenic determinants involved in disease development. A mechanistic understanding of the successful strategy(ies) used by S. sclerotiorum in colonizing host plants and their linkage to fungal development may provide targets and/or novel approaches with which to design resistant crop plants. This proposal involved experiments which were successful in generating genetically-engineered plants harboring resistance to S. sclerotiorum, the establishment and improvement of molecular tools for the study of this pathogen and the analysis of the linkage between pathogenicity, sclerotial morphogenesis and two biosynthetic pathways: oxalic acid production and chitin synthesis. The highly collaborative project has improved our understanding of S. sclerotiorum pathogenicity, established reliable molecular techniques to facilitate experimental manipilation and generated transgenic plants which are resistant to this econimically important fungus.
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McCaffrey, J. P., and M. J. Morra. Effectiveness of Defatted Mustard Meals Used to Control Fungus Gnats: 2000-2002. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15016726.

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Pilz, D., and R. Molina. Managing forest ecosystems to conserve fungus diversity and sustain wild mushroom harvests. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-gtr-371.

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