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1
Gill, D. J. "Structural and functional organisation of ESCRT complexes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599420.
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My structure of the highly conserved heterotrimeric ESCRT-I core provides a blueprint for the assembly of ESCRT-I. The structure shows a fan-like arrangement of three helical hairpins, each corresponding to a different subunit. Vps23/TSG101 is the central hairpin sandwiched between the other subunits, explaining the critical role of its “steadiness box” in the stability of ESCRT-I. Subsequently, Mvb12, a fourth subunit of ESCRT-I was identified in yeast. I find that Mvb12 engages ESCRT-I directly, with nanomolar affinity to form a 1:1:1:1 heterotetramer. Mvb12 plays a critical role in maintaining structural stability of the ESCRT-I complex, through extensive interactions with both the fan-shaped structural core and another region within ESCRT-I built from upstream sequences present in the Vps23 and Vps37 subunits. Yeast ESCRT-I and ESCRT-II interact directly in vitro, however, this association is not detected in yeast cytosol. To gain understanding of the molecular mechanisms of this link, I have characterised the ESCRT-I/-II super-complex and determined the crystal structure of its interface. The link is formed by the Vps28 C-terminus (ESCRT-I) binding with nanomolar affinity to the Vps36-NZF-N zinc-finger domain (ESCRT-II). A hydrophobic patch on the Vps28-CT four-helix bundle contacts the hydrophobic knuckles of the Vps36-NZF-N. Mutation of the ESCRT-I/-II link results in a cargo-sorting defect in yeast, apparently due to the failure to generate ILVs on the maturing endosome. Interestingly, the two Vps36 NZF domains, NZF-N and NZF-C, despite having the same core fold, use distinct surfaces to bind ESCRT-I or ubiquitinated cargo. Mvb12 does not affect the affinity of ESCRT-I for ESCRT-II in vitro. In contrast, deletion of Mvb12 results in formation of a constitutive ESCRT-I/II association in vivo. These data suggest a complex regulatory mechanism for the ESCRT-I/-II link in yeast.
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Harrison, Amanda Ann. "The functional organisation of forebrain serotonin systems." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263007.
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Bekker, Peter H. "The legal position of intergovernmental organizations : a functional necessity analysis of their legal status and immunities /." Dordrecht [u.a.] : Nijhoff, 1994. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/273326295.pdf.
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Fylan, Fiona C. "Neuromagnetic investigations of functional organisation within human visual cortex." Thesis, Aston University, 1995. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/14609/.
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This thesis describes a series of experimental investigations into the functional organisation of human visual cortex using neuromagnetometry. In one series of experiments the evoked magnetic response was recorded to isoluminant red/green gratings. Co-registration of signal and magnetic resonance image data indicated a contribution to the response from visual areas V1, V2 and V4. To investigate the spatio-temporal characteristics of neurones within area V1 the evoked response was recorded for a range of stimulus spatial and temporal frequencies. The response to isoluminant red/green gratings was dominated by a major component which was found to have bandpass spatial frequency tuning with a peak at 1-2 cycles/degree, falling to the level of the noise at 6-8 cycles/degree. The temporal frequency tuning characteristics of the response showed bimodal sensitivity with peaks at 0-1Hz and 4Hz. In a further series of experiments the luminance evoked response was recorded to red/black, yellow/black and achromatic gratings and in all cases was found to be more complex than the isoluminant chromatic response, comprising up to three distinct components. The major response peak showed bandpass spatial frequency tuning characteristics, peaking at 6-8 cycles/degree, falling to the level of the noise at 12-16 cycles/degree. The results provide evidence to suggest that within area V1 the same neuronal population encodes both chromatic and luminance information and has spatial frequency tuning properties consistent with single-opponent cells. Furthermore, the results indicate that cells within area V1 encode chromatic motion information over a wide range of temporal frequencies with temporal response characteristics suggestive of the existence of a sub-population of cells sensitive to high temporal frequencies.
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Dias, R. "Functional organisation of the prefrontal cortex of the common marmoset." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.598525.
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In the past, two main theories of prefrontal function in animals have been proposed. The first implicates the prefrontal cortex in working memory, the second in the inhibitory control of behaviour. However, to date the organisation of the prefrontal cortex in the control of these functions is largely unknown. To address the issue of functional organisation within the prefrontal cortex of the marmoset, this thesis focused on the inhibitory control of behaviour. The initial study demonstrated that attentional set-shifting and visual discrimination reversal learning are sensitive to global prefrontal damage in the marmoset in a qualitatively similar manner to that observed previously in man and Old World monkeys respectively. The deficit was interpreted to be one of inhibitory control but, given the cognitive processing demands of these two tasks are different from one another, it is highly probable that the type of inhibitory control required is also different. Subsequently, the effects of discrete lesions specific to either the lateral or orbital regions of the prefrontal cortex on performance of attentional set-shifting and discrimination reversal learning were examined. Whereas the lateral, but not the orbital, prefrontal cortex was the critical locus in shifting an attentional set between perceptual dimensions; in contrast, the orbital, but not the lateral, prefrontal cortex was the critical locus in reversing a stimulus-reward association within a particular perceptual dimension. Both deficits were interpreted as constituting disinhibition or loss of inhibitory control, but a different levels. The inhibitory control required in attentional set-shifting appears to be at the level of attentional selection whereas the inhibitory control required in reversal learning is likely to be at the level of stimulus-reward associations or 'affective' processing.
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Adams, Daniel Lewis. "Functional organisation of the monkey visual cortex for stereoscopic depth." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268000.
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Bennett, Christopher Francis. "Studies on functional organisation within the Aspergillus nidulans areA gene." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47772.
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Ramos, Alegre Branco Miguel. "On the functional organisation of the genome in mammalian nuclei." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11879.
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The nucleus is a highly compartmentalised organelle. Associations of genomic loci with nuclear structures are correlated with gene activity or silencing, and functional long-range interactions between loci in the same or different chromosomes have been described recently. Therefore, chromosome organisation confers potential for the spatial regulation of gene expression. . Chromosomes occupy distinct territories during interphase, and previous models of chromosome organisation had suggested that there is little or no intermingling between them. However, the frequency of chromosome translocations and the existence of interchromosomal associations seemed to indicate otherwise. I used a high-resolution approach to study chromosome organisation in human lymphocytes and showed that chromosomes intermingle significantly during interphase, with implications in translocations. Changes in transcription affect chromosome organisation and, in particular, transcription inhibition influences chromosome intermingling in a specific manner, suggesting that transcription-dependent long-range interactions help to establish preferential chromosomal neighbourhoods. To gain mechanistic insights into the formation of interchromosomal associations, I investigated a previously reported i6teraction between the TH2 locus and lfng in murine naIve T cells. I found no evidence for a close and direct interaction between the two loci, although they are indirectly non-randomly positioned in relation to each other, possibly by sharing associations with a large nuclear structure. Finally, I studied the role of nuclear organisation in the regulation of a gene-dense cluster in the mouse genome, before and after the insertion of a strong enhancer element. Nuclear organisation seems to benefit clustering of genes in the genome by promoting and maintaining active states across th~ loc'!ls, but expression of individual genes is further regulated by other mechanisms, such as longrange interactions via chromatin looping. My work brings new insights into the organisation of chromosomes in the mammalian nucleus, and its relationship with transcription and gene regulation.
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Jovceva, E. "Functional proteomic and genomic analysis of cytoskeletal organisation in Drosophila." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2007. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445614/.
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Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) plays an important role in cellular signalling by generating phospholipid second messengers at the plasma membrane. A large repertoire of signalling and actin-binding proteins, which consistently regulate the dynamic assembly and spatial organisation of actin filaments, binds phospholipid second messengers, through their pleckstrin homology (PH) domains, and regulates changes in actin cytoskeleton dynamics and organisation in response to external stimuli. Thus, the actin cytoskeleton, which functions in the generation and maintenance of cell morphology and polarity, regulation of endocytosis and intracellular trafficking, contractility, motility and cell division, is considered as an integral part of the cell signal transduction system. PI3K-dependent actin cytoskeleton reorganisation has been the subject of intensive studies, as alteration in the cytoskeleton and thus in cell morphology and migration appear to be common signatures of malignancy where PI3K activation is significantly involved. PI3K- dependent regulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics is proposed to be achieved by cross-talk with the Rho-family small GTPases, major regulators of actin cytoskeleton organisation. However, the molecular mechanisms behind PI3K-dependent actin reorganisation and their interaction with small GTPases in not yet clearly defined. The aim of this project was to investigate the role of the PI3K signalling in controlling actin cytoskeleton, and to explore possible common targets of PI3K and Rho-family small GTPase signalling pathways, as well as to search for new targets downstream of PI3K. Initially, the role of PI3K in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton in Drosophila cells was defined. Furthermore, a "loss-of-function approach" based on RNA interference for genes involved in PI3K and small GTPase signalling was combined with quantitative differential protein expression analysis and mass spectrometry. The differentially expressed proteins, many of which were cytoskeleton proteins, metabolic and redox enzymes, were linked to signalling pathways and associated with the morphological phenotype of each knockdown. Finally, the research was focused on studying the regulation of phosphorylation of cofilin, an actin depolymerising protein. It has been established that cofilin phosphorylation and activity is not directly regulated by upstream signalling events, but by changes in the levels of filamentous actin itself, with slingshot, the cofilin phosphatase, being a key regulator in sensing the dynamic changes in F-actin levels. Thus, cofilin phosphorylation is a homeostatic sensor of actin polymerisation, which self-limits protrusive response to external stimuli.
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Reddy, H. "Cortical re-organisation of plasticity : applying fMRI to study disease." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365777.
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Alvarez, Ferreira I. A. "Functional and structural organisation of the visual system in human albinism." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1543205/.
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Albinism is a developmental disorder which involves the misrouting of optic nerve projections, leading to an abnormally organised visual system. Despite the aberrant input, people with albinism have relatively normal vision and experience the world in much the same way as their peers. This thesis explores the functional and structural organisation of visual cortex in human albinism using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. This thesis covers four main experiments. Experiment 1 deals with stimulus optimisation for population receptive field (pRF) mapping in healthy adults. pRF mapping is a functional MRI technique for estimating cortical receptive field characteristics non-invasively. In this experiment, a stimulus configuration optimized for short acquisition time requirements is presented and implemented in subsequent experiments. Experiment 2 combines the pRF approach for retinotopic localization with diffusion MRI tractography in healthy adults to show evidence for direct extrastriate connections of the human optic radiation. The optic radiation is the principal white matter pathway for relaying retinal input to visual cortex, and typically considered a projection to primary visual cortex. In this experiment, independent pathways of the optic radiation to visual areas V2 and V3 are identified, and functional-structural methodologies developed for Experiment 4. Experiment 3 investigates the functional organisation of visual cortex in participants with albinism. A pRF mapping approach was implemented, identifying abnormal retinotopic organisation and altered receptive field properties in extrastriate visual cortex. In addition, we explore evidence for and against a dual receptive field model of visual field representation in albinism. Experiment 4 examines the structural and functional connectivity of early visual system in human albinism. In particular, differences in white matter microstructure and inter- hemispheric visual map connectivity are found between participants with albinism and a cohort of healthy controls. This thesis highlights the capacity and limitations of developmental plasticity in human albinism.
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Alfredsson, Timmins Jenny. "Functional organisation of the cell nucleus in the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-107283.
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Wang, Jayson Ee Hur. "The functional organisation of promyelocytic leukaemia nuclear bodies in human interphase cells." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1446894/.
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Promyelocytic leukaemia (PML) nuclear bodies are nuclear structures found in a variety of normal tissues and cell lines. They have been implicated in diverse human diseases. In particular, the major constituent, the PML protein, forms a fusion product with another protein in acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL). These bodies however, also recruit over thirty different proteins with disparate functions. As such, no definite role of these bodies has been discovered, although proposed functions include gene transcription, cell cycle control and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair. This thesis describes the association of PML bodies with different genomic loci, using principally confocal microscopy and a novel statistical model. The aim was to use such associations to determine if a functional basis exists for the intranuclear pattern of PML bodies. By analyzing loci-PML body distances for different gene loci, it was found that the distance between a locus and its nearest PML body correlates with the transcriptional activity and gene density around the locus. This was confirmed when regions of specific gene activation were examined. However, using RNA-FISH (ribonucleic acid- fiuorescence in situ hybridisation) methodology and RNA interference (RNAi) knockdown studies, PML bodies were found not to be directly involved in gene transcription. Furthermore, cells in S-phase were examined in more detail, and it was found that PML bodies also associated statistically with actively replicating loci. The experiments performed suggest a non-random and functional basis for the positioning of PML bodies. This thesis proposes that PML bodies are multifunctional structures that lie predominantly in nuclear compartments of high transcriptional activity, although they also associate with regions of DNA replication. Finally, this work strengthens the model of the nucleus as a highly organised structure.
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Wu, Gang. "Functional organisation and population behaviour of human peripheral nerve fibres : a microneurography study /." Stockholm, 1997. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1997/91-628-2720-0.
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Darling, Stephen P. "A cognitive psychological investigation of the functional organisation of visual-spatial working memory." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364704.
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There is a good deal of information available from both neuropsychology and cognitive psychology to support the contention that visual short term memory is functionally segregable from spatial short term memory, within the context of a working memory approach to cognitive functioning. However, relatively little is understood about the precise functional relationships between these segregated components or about the method in which they operate. One suggestion has been that the spatial system operates sequentially, in line with the idea that its output is mediated by movement of the body, whilst the visual short term memory system operates a more parallel manner, retaining input from the visual array in a more holistic fashion. In the research reported in this dissertation, methods originally used to research short term memory in experimental animals were adapted for use in adult humans. This was done with the aim of firstly clarifying the patterns of segregation of visual - spatial working memory and secondly beginning to understand the functional architecture of those segregated components. A series of experiments were conducted, initially based on Logie and Marchetti's (1991) demonstration of visuo-spatial segregation and later based on developments of the delayed response (DR) short term memory task used in experimental animals. In all of these experiments an interference paradigm was used to investigate segregation, with the assumption that segregation would manifest itself in differential effects of interference. For example, visual interference should impair visual but not spatial memory task performance, and vice versa for spatial interference. The results of these experiments clearly demonstrated segregation or visual and spatial processing. Furthermore they support the idea that spatial memory is a sequential process and visual memory a parallel one. However it was also observed that sequentially and parallelism were not the sole specifications of the two systems: memory for the appearance and location of items was also important.
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Finnegan, Sarah. "Investigating the functional organisation of human visual cortex using ultra-high resolution fMRI." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3114898b-da57-44b9-8b3c-f588f10f43ca.
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Current thinking suggests that specialised modules process visual information in a hierarchical manner, using local circuitry in order to maximise efficiency both in terms of wiring costs and stimulus coverage (Reichl et al. (2012)). The resulting organisation has been shown to contain structure in the form of stripes, columns and pinwheels, which in animal models have been linked to functional segregation and specificity. In human cortex, post-mortem investigations have assisted in the visualisation of two such key features: ocular dominance columns (ODC) within V1, and a stripe system within V2 (Adams et al. (2007); Hockfield et al. (1990)). However, functional observations in humans have until recently been beyond the investigatory scope of in-vivo methodology, and as such, a role of these networks has yet to be conclusively determined. In the small number of instances of in-vivo investigations of human ODC and V2 stripes (Cheng et al. (2001); Yacoub et al. (2001); Nasr et al. (2016)), data have been acquired for a small number of carefully selected participants over long scan durations. I aimed to overcome these limitations and explore the functional similarities further, employing a novel, ultra-high resolution fMRI sequence to do so. I measured the cortical response to monocular stimulation and recorded a robust response within V1. However, the regular and repeating functional patterns of ODCs were not observed. Using multivariate techniques I concluded, based on robust classification, that reliable monocular signals were present but that they were subtle and difficult to differentiate from noise. I then investigated the segregation of colour, form and motion within V2, where I found evidence for spatially segregated signals in response to colour and motion, but not to form. I hypothesised that the form stimulus was sub-optimal in driving the neural population of the associated stripes. Based on a limited number of samples, activity in response to colour and motion stimulation conformed on average to the neuroanatomical profile of the V2 stripe system. I suggest that my results offer encouragement for in-vivo investigations of small-scale functional organisation in visual cortex.
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Schulz, Jasmin. "Functional organisation of the Hrd1 ubiquitin ligase complex and its role in ERAD." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fc156e42-bc32-4725-9cab-2e7cbfe61869.
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Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) of misfolded proteins of the secretory pathway is crucial for ER homeostasis and the physiological importance of this mechanism is reflected by more than 60 diseases that have been linked to ERAD to date. The best characterised mammalian ERAD complex is centred on the ubiquitin ligase Hrd1, and for a complete understanding of the dynamics of the ERAD network it is important to thoroughly characterise the interactions within the Hrd1 complex and to decipher the functions of the individual accessory factors. SEL1L is a well characterised interaction partner of Hrd1 and here we identify a highly hydrophobic region in the lumenal part of SEL1L as necessary, but not sufficient, to interact with Hrd1; as a consequence, the topology of SEL1L may need to be re-evaluated. Furthermore, we investigate the roles of the novel Hrd1 interaction partners AUP1 and FAM8A1 in ERAD. We establish here that AUP1 adds to the complexity of the ERAD network by making the cognate E2 of gp78, Ube2g2, accessible to Hrd1 and by regulating the access of polyubiquitinated proteins to the Hrd1 complex. Moreover, we demonstrate that Hrd1 is the regulator of FAM8A1 half-life and that the interaction between these two proteins is necessary for degradation of the lumenal ERAD model substrate TTRD18G.
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Curtis, Graham. "Functional collusion in a UK non governmental organisation : processes of shame and exclusion from the perspective of an organisational development practitioner." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/21079.
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This thesis explores the emergence of functional collusion in groups and communities. Collusion is often taken up as synonymous with conspiracy, as a negative aspect of people seeking to get an advantage by nefarious means. In contrast, the thesis points to how a form of collusion might have a function for supporting people in their ongoing relating and in doing so suggests that there are two important factors in functional collusion. The first is that contextual history is key to understanding how, without planning or discussion, collusion emerges and is maintained in groups and communities. The second is that an absence of discussion is key because bringing collusive patterns of relating into our conversations disables their continuation. This thesis argues that collusion arises as people avoid the discomfort of emotions such as shame as well as maintaining familiar patterns of power relating. As collusive patterns of relating tend to emerge undiscussed between people, the thesis suggests that deciding whether to uncover and discuss them is a matter of contextual practical judgement or phronesis as it will inevitably require the navigation of ethical dilemmas which the author argues cannot be solved simply through the application of universal rules. This thesis offers a challenge to the way people working as organisational development practitioners think about their practice, especially those working in the not-for-profit sector.
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Wynn, Sarah Louise. "Sequence, organisation and functional studies of SON : a regulatory gene implicated in Down syndrome." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313539.
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McLaughlin, M. H. "Changes in functional chromatin organisation of the delta crystallin gene region during retinal transdifferentiation." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381068.
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Sharples, Gary John. "Molecular organisation and functional analysis of the chromosomal ruv region of Escherichia coli K12." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.276350.
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Magunduni, Joshua. "Justifications for the Implementation of Shadow IT Solutions by Functional Departments in an Organisation." Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31470.
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Background: The implementation of information technology (IT) solutions by end-users, while bypassing organisational laid-down IT acquisition and implementation processes and controls, poses a significant challenge for most organisations. This phenomenon, which is known as Shadow IT (SIT), has major financial, legal and security implications for the organisation. Studies indicate that even when organisations implement IT policy to minimise the implementation of SIT, end-users may still find innovative ways to bypass the IT department when implementing unsanctioned software. Purpose of the research: The objective of this study was to investigate how end-users (functional departments) who implement SIT in organisations justify their actions. The term Justification refers to the techniques employed by a social actor to indicate that their deviant behaviour is actually reasonable. Understanding justifications for SIT is essential for IT managers since they can understand them as justification and not confuse them with other phenomena and at the same time they can devise appropriate strategies to counter them. IT Managers who are not aware of the justifications for SIT may implement measures which may not be effective in curbing the phenomena. Design/Methodology/approach: The study adopted an interpretivist approach. The study was guided by the 'Neutralisation Theory’ from the social deviance discipline. The study examined whether an organisation had an IT policy which prevents end-users from implementing SIT, and also assessed the 'Neutralisation’ techniques employed by end-users to justify SIT. The study adopted a case study approach based on a South African office of a multinational organisation. The study collected data through (i) semi-structured interviews with end-users from different functional departments who were involved with implementation of SIT and (ii) documentation (IT policy and email correspondences). The study adopted the purposeful sampling (snowball) technique to target the employees who were involved with the implementation of SIT. A total of 13 respondents were interviewed. The data was analysed using thematic analysis approach. Findings: The organisation did not have an IT policy which prevented functional departments from implementing SIT. Instead, it had a policy which allowed functional departments to implement their own IT solutions as long as they inform the IT department to assess the software application for potential risks and compatibility with the existing landscape. Most respondents did not use Neutralisation techniques to justify the implementation of SIT due to the policy which allowed them to implement their own IT solutions. Nevertheless, the respondents who employed Neutralisation techniques mainly used Denial of responsibility, Denial of injury and Appeal to higher loyalties to justify SIT. Originality/contribution: The study contributed to the justifications of SIT literature when it explored the concept of SIT in a corporate company setting - as opposed to earlier studies that used quantitative methods and experiments when exploring the concept of SIT. The study also makes a further contribution to literature by investigating SIT in an environment where functional departments are allowed to implement their own IT solutions - this was not explored by previous studies on Justification of SIT. The study also contributes to the practice where there is a need by IT management to minimise SIT by providing awareness of Neutralisation techniques which may be employed by functional departments to justify SIT. Through the understanding of the Neutralisation techniques, IT managers could make sound decisions when implementing measures to minimise SIT
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Maske, Christopher Philipp. "The role of lamin B1 in the functional organisation of the nuclear envelope and nucleoplasm." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289272.
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Hehemann, Jan-Hendrik. "Structural and functional organisation of the agarolytic enzyme system of the marine flavobacterium Zobellia galactanivorans." Paris 6, 2009. http://hal.upmc.fr/tel-01110381v1.
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Zobellia galactanivorans est une Flavobacterie marine capable de dégrader des polysaccharides complexes tels que l’agar qui est largement utilisé en biotechnologie et agroalimentaire. Dans l’écosystème marin les organismes photosynthétiques tels que les algues et les cyanobactéries sont les principaux producteurs de carbone organique. Cette source de carbone est utilisée par les bactéries marines qui sécrètent des glycosides hydrolases afin d’attaquer les algues ou d’hydrolyser la paroi des algues en décomposition. Pour comprendre les mécanismes de recyclage du carbone à partir de ces zones de nutrition préférentielles nous avons décidé d’analyser le système agarolytique de Z. Galactanivorans. Le génome bactérien complet a mis en évidence la présence de neuf agarases de la famille GH 16, confirmant que Z. Galactanivorans possède un système agarolytique complexe pour dégrader cette ressource naturel qu’est l’agar. Sept séquences originales ont été surexprimées grâce à une stratégie de clonage à moyen débit. Une nouvelle ß-agarase (AgaD) a été purifiée à l’homogénéité, puis cristallisée et les données de diffraction ont été collectées à une résolution de 1. 5 Å. La structure a été résolue par remplacement moléculaire et la caractérisation biochimique a été réalisée. De plus, les deux premières ?-porphyranases PorA et PorB ont été identifiées, cristallisées et caractérisées biochimiquement. La diversité d’enzymes agarolytiques reflète les adaptations biologiques dont ont fait preuve certaines bactéries pour s’accommoder à la grande variabilité de l’agarose de la paroi des algues rouges.
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Djonov, Emilia Nikolaeva School of English & School of Modern Language Studies UNSW. "Analysing the organisation of information in websites: from hypermedia design to systemic functional hypermedia discourse analysis." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of English and School of Modern Language Studies, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/23915.
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To date, hypertext and hypermedia research has principally studied the influence of separate features of hypermedia texts on information retrieval. By contrast, this thesis explores the meanings of hypermedia texts and the effects of these meanings on free website exploration. In particular, the study focuses on those meanings which can reveal how information is organised in websites and on the construal of such meanings through the interplay of hyperlinks, visual, verbal, audio and kinetic resources in generically hybrid hypermedia texts. This focus is motivated by research showing that understanding how information is organised in hypermedia texts is crucial for users' successful orientation within them. To achieve its aim, this research studies six websites for children and the navigation paths of fourteen children through one of them, and draws on interviews with the websites' producers and the children. The thesis connects the professional field of hypermedia design with systemic functional theory and systemic functional multimodal discourse analysis (SF MDA). As a result, it offers two tools for hypermedia discourse analysis, which are based on and illustrated through the analyses of five of the websites. The first is the system of HYPERTEXTUAL DISTANCE. Designed to analyse the potential of hyperlinks to reveal, obscure or transcend the textual organisation of a website, this system is built by reconceptualising from a SF MDA perspective a central principle for organising information in websites - website hierarchy. The second tool is the framework for analysing logicosemantic relations in hypermedia. Its categories describe the ideational relations that hold together information presented on the same webpage or on different webpages, which may or may not be hyperlinked with each other. Through the analyses of the sixth website and the navigation paths through it, the thesis exemplifies how both tools, independently and together, can be employed to explore the interdependence of website design and navigation. The discussion of selected results from these analyses, supported by the views of the research participants, identifies ways in which the tools proposed in this thesis can be applied in hypermedia design, evaluation and literacy education and complemented with other tools for hypermedia discourse analysis.
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Mancini, Erika Jazmin. "Cryo-electron microscopy of the Semliki forest virus reveals the functional organisation of an enveloped virus." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312089.
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Pilgrim, Lesley Karen. "The functional and neural organisation of semantic knowledge : the contribution of right and left cerebral hemispheres." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.619680.
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Mort, Dominic Jason. "From saccade to search studies in the functional organisation of exogenous and endogenous attentional control in man." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411288.
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Lynch, R. C. J. "The functional and pharmacological organisation of neurones in lamina C of the feline dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384629.
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Mehta, Vandana Dimri. "The role of neural activity in the development of structural and functional organisation of turtle retinal ganglion cells." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391252.
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Shaw, Charles David. "How managers in functional structures can improve project outcomes through organisation design: Three case studies from arts coucil England." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488761.
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In this thesis I examine how managers in organisations whose main business involves continuous, routine work, and which are organised in traditional, functional hierarchies (such as are common in Government bodies), can improve project outcomes through organisation design. This is an important problem as bodies whose main business does not involve project-based work increasingly use project management methods to tackle significant tasks. My research method has involved case study research into three projects that Arts Council England was undertaking during 200612007. The Arts Council was undergoing a major organisational restructuring during this period. These projects provided a distinct opportunity for comparative, longitudinal rese~rch into projects with contrasting characteristics in a common organisational setting, and where the influence of organisation design on project outcomes would be highly visible. I show that separation of projects from their parent organisations is helpful in resolving the conflicts between routine and project-based work where the primary concern is with timely completion of project tasks, but that engagement with the parent organisation is important in enabling the results of the projects to be adopted in practice. I show also that influence from Central Government on projects undertaken by its "arm's length" bodies may inhibit formation of motivated project teams if managers interpret that influence in ways that unduly constrain those teams' ability to have a voice in the formulation of their project objectives and to determine for themselves the means for pursuing them. Overlaying project-based organising across a traditional functional hierarchy increases the demands on senior management to set clear corporate objectives and to resolve conflicts. Adoption of project-based organising therefore increases transaction costs, and I show that these must be borne if the best project outcomes are to be achieved. Because of the existence of these costs, however, managers should avoid initiating projects when the tasks involved could be undertaken effectively within the normal, functional structure. Major projects often involve change in the parent organisation in order to achieve their objectives. Inertia or resistance to the project objectives from the parent organisation's prevailing culture may present a major barrier to project success in these circumstances. I show that management action to bring about change in the organisational context in which the results of those projects will be taken forward can be important in increasing the prospects for successful project outcomes.
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Justynska, Justyna. "Towards a library of functional block copolymers synthesis and colloidal properties /." Phd thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=977274519.
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Ottaviani, Alexandre. "Modulation of the functional and perinuclear organization of the facio-scapulo-humeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) locus by the D4Z4 macrosatellite element." Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ENSL0492.
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La dystrophie musculaire Facio-Scapulo-Humérale (FSHD) est liée à la réduction du nombre de répétitions d’une séquence de 3,3 kb nommée D4Z4 dans la région subtélomérique 4q35. Les individus sains portent de 11 à plus de 100 répétitions D4Z4 tandis que ce nombre est inférieur à 11 sur l’un des allèles chez les malades. Dans ce mémoire, après une mise en perspective de l’organisation tridimensionnelle de la chromatine et de la transcription dans le noyau, et en particulier sous l’influence de l’enveloppe nucléaire, sont présentés l'état actuel des connaissances concernant l'étiologie de la FSHD et ses relations avec ces principes d'organisation. Dans ce travail de thèse, afin de tester l'hypothèse de la modulation par D4Z4 d'un effet de position, des modèles cellulaires ont été créés où un gène rapporteur est couplé à différents nombres de D4Z4 et intégré dans le génome aléatoirement ou au télomère. Nous révélons et isolons ainsi des propriétés isolatrices contenues dans le motif. D4Z4 affecte de plus la localisation subnucléaire d'un télomère, le positionnant plus en périphérie, à l'image du locus 4q35. Cependant ces propriétés disparaissent lorsque l'on accroit le nombre de D4Z4 intégrés. Nous montrons de plus que les protéines CTCF et les lamines de type A sont associés à D4Z4 et nécessaires aux fonctions du motif. En outre, la fixation de CTCF diminue à mesure que le nombre de D4Z4 augmente, corroborant les effets observés sur l’expression et la localisation du gène rapporteur lors de la multimérisation de D4Z4. Nous proposons donc un nouveau modèle liant le nombre de D4Z4 à l’organisation du 4q35 et à la physiopathologie de la FSHDFacio-Scapulo-Humeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is linked to the reduction in the number of repetitions of a 3. 3 kb sequence named D4Z4 in the 4q35 subtelomeric region. Healthy individuals carry 11 to more than 100 D4Z4 repeats whereas patients have less than 11 repeats on one allele. In this memoir, chromatin and transcriptional three-dimensional organizations in the nucleus are first reviewed, in particular under the influence of the nuclear envelope, and then linked to the current knowledge on FSHD aetiology. In this work, in order to test the hypothesis of a modulation by D4Z4 of a position effect, cellular models have been generated where a reporteur gene is coupled with variable numbers of D4Z4 and integrated in the genome randomly or at telomeres. Here we reveal and isolate insulator properties contained in the motif. Furthermore, D4Z4 alters the subnuclear localization of a telomere, positioning it more at the nuclear periphery, similarly to the 4q35 locus. However, these properties are impaired by the increase in the number of D4Z4 repeats integrated. In addition, we show that CTCF and A-type lamins are associated to D4Z4 and required for its functions. Thus, CTCF binding drops as the number of repeats is increased which is consistent with our observations on the effects of D4Z4 multimerization on the localization of the reporter gene. Consequently, we propose a new model linking D4Z4 number reduction to the subnuclear organization of the 4q35 locus and to the physiopathology of FSHD
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Kanduri, Meena. "The Functional Significance and Chromatin Organisation of the Imprinting Control Regions of the H19 and Kcnq1 Genes." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Zoologisk utvecklingsbiologi, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4002.
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Genomic imprinting is a phenomenon through which a subset of genes are epigenetically marked during gemtogenisis. This mark is maintained in the soma to often manifest parent of origin-specific monoalleleic expresson patterns. Genetics evidence suggests that gene expression patterns in mprinted genes, which are frequently organised in clusters, are regulated by the imprinting control regions (ICR). This thesis is mainly focused on the mechanisms through which the ICRs control the imprinting in the cluster, containing the Kcnq1, Igf2 and H19 genes, located at the distal end of mouse chromosome 7. The H19 ICR, located in the 5' flank of the H19 gene represses paternal H19 and maternal Igf2 expression, respectively, but has no effect on Kcnq1 expression, which is controlled by another ICR located at the intron 10 of the Kcnq1 gene. This thesis demonstrates that the maternal H19 ICR allele contains several DNase I hypersensitive sites, which map to target sites for the chromatin insulator protein CTCF at the linker regions between the positioned nucleosomes. The thesis demonstrates that the H19 ICR acts as a unidirectional insulator and that this property invovles three nucleosome positioning sites facilitating interaction between the H19 ICR and CTCF. The Kcnq1 ICR function is much more complex, since it horbours both lineage-specific silencing functions and a methylation sensitive unidirectional chromatin insulator function. Importantly, the thesis demonstrates that the Kcnq1 ICR spreads DNA methylation into flanking region only when it is itself unmethylated. Both the methylation spreading and silencing functions map to the same regions. In conclusion, the thesis has unraveled and unrivalled complexity of the epigenetic control and function of short strtches of sequences. The epigenetic status of these cis elements conspires to control long-range silencing and insulation. The manner these imprinting control regions can cause havoc in expresson domains in human diseases is hence emerging.
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Towlson, Emma Katie. "Complex networks and connectomics : network analysis of organisation from the C. elegans nervous system to the functional connectivity of the human brain." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709453.
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Tremblay, Pascale. "Investigating the neural organisation of response selection and response conflict during language production using functional magnetic resonance imaging and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=111913.
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Motor response selection is the process by which an intention to act is transformed into an action; this multifaceted process occurs at the interface between cognitive and motor systems. Despite the importance of response selection, the nature and neural implementation of this process is still a subject of debate (Thompson-Schill et al, 1997; Botvinick et al., 2001; Rushworth et al., 2004; Nachev et al., 2007). While previous research has demonstrated that the selection of finger movements relies on a distributed network involving premotor and prefrontal areas, the specific contribution of these regions, however, remains unclear. It is also unclear if the selection of words engages similar processes as the selection of finger movements, that is, if response selection is a domain-general or a domain-specific process. In order to address these issues, a set of four complementary studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) was developed in which different factors affecting response selection were examined: selection mode, response type (words vs. oral movements), attention and response competition (conflict).The results of these studies provide new insights into the neural architecture of response selection by uncovering the respective contribution of premotor areas (pre-SMA and PMA) and prefrontal areas (DLPFC and IFG). A preliminary two-stage model of response selection is proposed, in which the PMA is generating a set of response alternatives from which the pre-SMA performs selection using one of two different mechanisms (response facilitation and response inhibition). In general, these findings do not support the hypothesis of a medio-lateral gradient of control (Goldberg, 1985) but confirm the fundamental role of the lateral (PMA) and medial (pre-SMA) premotor areas in the process of selecting motor responses.
Importantly, the results also demonstrate that selection is a domain-general (response-independent) process. Uncovering the general, multifaceted nature of brain mechanisms is essential to reveal the basic units of control in the central nervous system; this knowledge is fundamental to broaden current understanding of the basic brain operations that are used to produce language. Theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
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Dente, Sébastien. "The stakes of circulation in sustainable societies : logistics and functional economy." Thesis, Troyes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TROY0017/document.
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Les économies circulaires et de fonctionnalité sont souvent présentées comme des stratégies prometteuses quant à leur capacité à résoudre les problèmes environnementaux associés aux systèmes de production et de consommation actuels. Cependant, malgré les consommations d’énergie et émissions croissantes associées à la mondialisation de nos systèmes modernes, la question de la circulation reste peu abordée. Le présent travail s’attache à combler ce manque en analysant les effets de la représentation des activités humaines et des processus de circulation sous le champ de la durabilité. En s’intéressant ainsi au triptyque durabilité/chaîne d’approvisionnement/ économies circulaires et de fonctionnalités, le présent travail montre notamment la barrière à la durabilité que constitue la représentation standardisée de l’espace et du temps associée à la convention économique actuellement dominante. Ainsi, l’approche en circuit fermé de l’économie circulaire et l’approche servicielle de co-production associée à l’économie de fonctionnalité ne s’avèrent être des stratégies efficacement durables que si une approche spécifique des ressources et de la demande y est associée. Ce point a notamment été développé à travers un modèle logistique qui montre par rapport à un scénario logistique de référence une augmentation de 5% des émissions de CO2 liés au transport de marchandises entre régions françaises pour une approche générique de l’économie de fonctionnalité contre une diminution de 3% des émissions dans le cas d’une approche spécifiqueFunctional and circular economies are often presented as promising strategies to address the environmental issues associated with our modern production/consumption systems. Within these systems, the circulation processes themselves are usually poorly addressed, in spite of the increasing energy consumption and emissions associated with logistics under the current trends of globalization. The present thesis aims at filling this gap by analyzing the relationship between the representation of human activities and circulation processes and the issue of sustainability. Dealing with the triptych sustainability/supply chain management/circular and functional economies, the thesis shows that the standardized representation of space and time in the current dominant economic conventions acts as a barrier to the development of truly sustainable circulation processes. It finds that the closing loop approach of the circular economy and the product/service approach of the functional economy require specific definitions and policy measures for resources and demand, so that they can be considered as real sustainable strategies. This necessity to develop specific new approaches was further supported with evidence from a new logistics and freight transportation model for France. The model indicates that a generic approach towards a functional economy would lead to 5% increase of CO2 emissions (associated with French interregional traded tons) while a targeted approach would lead to a 3% reduction in comparison to the reference logistics scenario
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Hong, Sujin. "Neural correlates of beat and metre perception : the role of the inferior frontal gyrus." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21112.
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Temporal regularity and metrical organisation are important factors in beat and metre perception. The current thesis aims to investigate neural correlates of beat and metre perception in healthy non-musician volunteers, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In particular, the thesis focuses on determining the role of the Inferior Frontal Gyrus (IFG, in particular BA44/45) in beat and metre perception. The IFG has been proposed to be involved in higher order cognitive processes during various temporal sequencing, such as speech, movement, and music. Previous studies have shown that the temporal processing of rhythm activates auditory and sensorimotor areas, but the role of the IFG in rhythm perception has not yet been fully understood. Study 1 investigated beat perception in complex rhythms, in which the addition of volume accents either enhanced or weakened the beat perception, resulting in Unaccented, Beat Accented or Non-Beat Accented rhythms. Participants (N=14; 6 males) listened to rhythm pairs across all three conditions, and judged whether each rhythm pair was the same or different. Results showed that left IFG activation (BA44) was significantly greater during the Non-Beat Accented condition compared to Beat Accented condition, whereas the right IFG activation showed no significant difference between the two conditions. Study 2 investigated metre perception of a series of isochronous sequences, of which metrical organisation was grouped by 2/4 (C2), 3/4 (C3), or 4/4 (C4) using pitch accents, or remained without metrical grouping (or 1/4, C1). The same participants (N=15; 6 males) listened to the stimuli and indicated the perceived metrical grouping level. Results showed that the activation of bilateral IFG parametrically increased from C2 to C3 to C4. Interestingly, the activation was found to be significantly greater in C1 relative to C2, suggesting that involuntary subjective in C1 may increase the brain response. Converging results from both Study 1 and Study 2 demonstrated, firstly, that the bilateral IFG is involved in rhythm perception in addition to the auditory and sensorimotor areas, including primary and secondary auditory areas, supplementary motor areas, premotor areas, insula, and basal ganglia. Secondly, the left IFG (BA44) in particular was significantly modulated by the rhythmic complexity relating to both temporal regularity and metrical organisation, while showing the suppression during the Beat Accented rhythm condition of Study 1 and the binary pattern (C2) of Study 2. This thesis argues that the left IFG (BA44) may have the role the higher order cognitive processing, such as attention and prediction, in the perception of hierarchical structures in metric rhythms.
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Denis, Thomas. "Organisation des communautés de moyens et grands vertébrés en relation avec l'hétérogénéité des forêts de terre ferme de Guyane." Thesis, Guyane, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017YANE0004/document.
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Cette thèse a pour but d’étudier l'influence de l'hétérogénéité des forêts de terre ferme en Guyane sur l'organisation des communautés de moyens et grands vertébrés. Nous avons, d'abord, choisi une espèce modèle afin de déterminer une méthode adéquate d'estimation d'abondance prenant en compte la détection imparfaite et l'immigration temporaire des espèces, et de tester l'effet des conditions environnementales à différentes échelles d'analyse. Puis, partant du constat que les biais dus à la détection dans l'estimation d'abondance pouvaient être importants, nous avons déterminé l'importance relative des conditions environnementales et des traits biologiques des espèces sur la probabilité de détection. A partir de ce cadre d'étude, nous avons étudié la composition et les diversités alpha et beta en utilisant de façon complémentaire les métriques taxonomique, fonctionnelle, et phylogénétique pour déterminer le rôle relatif de l'environnement et de la contingence historique dans l'organisation des communautés, et de tester l’hypothèse des refuges forestiers. Enfin, en descendant dans l'échelle d'analyse, nous avons tenté de démêler l'effet de l'environnement et des interactions interspécifiques sur la cooccurrence des espèces, et utilisé les traits fonctionnels des espèces pour tester le lien entre cooccurrence et similitude fonctionnelle. Cette thèse met en avant les rôles prépondérants de la contingence historique et de la facilitation dans, respectivement, la structuration de la diversité régionale et les processus d’assemblages locaux des communautés de moyens et grands vertébrés en GuyaneThe main objective of this thesis was to study the influence of Guianan terra firme rainforests types on medium- and large-sized vertebrates community organization. First, we choose a model species which permitted to develop an appropriate abundance estimation method which take into account the imperfect detection and temporary immigration of mobile species, and to test environmental conditions effects at different spatial scales of analysis. Second, given that bias due to animal detection can be important in the abundance estimation, we determinated the relative role of environmental conditions and species biological traits on detection probability. From this methodological framework, we studied then processes of community organization, by identifying the main determinants involved in community organization, using composition and alpha and beta diversities, and, in a complementary manner, three metrics (taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic). We sought from these general framework to determinate the relative role of environmental conditions and historical contingency, responsible for the current community organization, and to test the forest refugia hypothesis. Finally, we downscaled the analysis to determinate, and tried to disentangle the effects of environmental conditions and interspecific interactions on species co-occurrence. We used then functional traits to test the relationship between species co-occurrence and similarities.This thesis highlights the important role of historical contingency and facilitation in the structure of regional diversity and the local assembly processes of medium- and large-sized vertebrates, respectively, in French Guiana
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Beuriat, Pierre-Aurélien. "Mapping the anatomo-functional organization of human sensorimotor system : a multi-modal approach." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1246/document.
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Le but de cette thèse était d'étudier l'organisation anatomo-fonctionnelle du système sensorimoteur humain et la façon dont les mouvements volontaires sont produits et contrôlés. Avec le développement de l’imagerie cérébrale, des méthodes de corrélation anatomo-clinique et de stimulation électrique directe cérébrale, de nombreuses avancées scientifiques ont pu être réalisée. Ces trois approches complémentaires ont été utilisé dans cette thèse afin d’améliorer la compréhension de l’organisation sensorimotrice cérébrale. Dans la première étude (soumise à publication), nous avons montré que la chirurgie cérébrale éveillée utilisant la stimulation électrique directe est une procédure sûre et efficace chez les enfants afin de réduire le déficit neurologique postopératoire. L'approche améliore la précision de la détection des zones éloquentes, avec une bonne tolérance neuropsychologique et psychologique. Une évaluation psychologique et neuropsychologique est essentielle. Dans une deuxième série de deux études, nous avons montré que la partie dorso-postérieure dorsal du cortex pariétal (DPPr) est une structure clé dans l'organisation complexe du mouvement manuel fin chez l'homme à travers la mise en oeuvre d'une boucle sensori-parieto-motrice.La première étude (publiée, Current Biology 2018) montre que la stimulation électrique directe d’une region corticale focale dans la partie dorso-postérieure du cortex pariétal entraine l’inhibition de la production du mouvement manuel, c’est-à-dire bloque l'initiation et la réalisation de ce dernier, sans produire de contraction musculaire ni de sensation consciente de mouvement. Dans la seconde étude (en cours de soumission), nous avions pour objectif d'identifier précisément les bases anatomiques du circuit parietal inhibiteur précédemment décrit. Grâce à la tractographie de diffusion (DTI), nous avons réussi à isoler des projections ipsilatérales spécifiques reliant les sites d’inhibition du DPPr, retrouvés dans la première étude, avec la zones dévolues au contrôle distal fin dans les cortex primaires moteur (M1) et sensoriel (S1). Ces données montrent que la boucle pariétale inhibitrice est directe depuis S1 vers DPPr vers M1 (même s'il n'est pas possible d'exclure l'existence d'échanges bidirectionnels entre ces aires). Dans la dernière étude (en cours de soumission), nous nous sommes intéressé à une structure motrice fondamentale, qui supporte 50 % des invasions tumorales chez l'enfant : le cervelet. Il s'agissait de déterminer si les lésions précoces étaient oui ou non prédictives d'une récupération déficitaire à long terme après prise en compte des covariables les plus critiques. Nous avons mesuré la récupération fonctionnelle à long terme chez 3 groupes survivants de lésion de la fosse postérieure. Les 3 groupes étaient comparables en ce qui concerne leurs caractéristiques tumorales mais opérés à différents âges : jeune (≤ 7 ans), moyen (> 7 ans et ≤ 13 ans) et tardif (> 13 ans). La qualité de vie (échelles cliniques : Health-related Quality of Life -hrQol- et Performance Status -PS-), les performances motrices (ataxie -ICARS- et motricité fine -Pegboard-) et cognitif (quotient intellectuel -FSIQ-) furent mesurés. L'âge précoce lors de la chirurgie, une lésion des noyaux profonds cérébelleux et la nécessité d'une radiothérapie postopératoire révélèrent une influence significativement négative et indépendante sur la récupération à long terme des participants. Ces résultats confirment l'existence d'une période critique de développement au cours de laquelle la "machine à apprendre" cérébelleuse revêt une importance crucialeThe aim of the thesis was to investigate the mapping of the anatomofunctional organization of the human sensorimotor system and how volutional movements of human are produced and controlled. Neuroimaging and especially DTI, fine anatomo-functional observation in patient and direct electrical stimulation were considered. This multi-modal approach permitted to improve our understanding of sensorimotor organization in humans. In the first study, we showed that awake brain surgery with the use of direct electrical stimulation is a safe and efficient procedure in children in order to decrease post-operative neurological deficit. It improves the accuracy of detecting eloquent area, with a good tolerance from a neuropsychological and psychological aspect. Age-adapted neuropsychologic preparation may enable offering ABS even to younger children on an individual basis. In a second series of two studies, we showed that the dorso-posterior part of the parietal cortex is a key structure in the complex organization of movement in human with a S1-DPPr-M1 loop. In the first study, direct electrical stimulation of focal cortical site in the dorso-posterior part of the parietal cortex triggered inhibition of movement production and blocked ongoing movement without producing muscle contraction or conscious movement sensation. In the second study, we aimed to find a direct projection from the PRR, defined in the first study (Desmurget et al., 2018), to the primary motor cortex and the primary somatosensory cortex. Thanks to the DTI state-of-the-art tractography, we succeeded in finding such major ipsilateral streamlines projecting in the well-known hand knob region giving new insights of the white matter structures involved in the inhibition of volitional hand movements. These observations confirm clinical per-operative data showing that stimulating the counterpart of PRR in humans can disrupt hand movements ipsilaterally, irrespective of the hemisphere. Moreover, our results shed light on the implication of the PRR for the volitional hand sensorimotor operating behavior. In the last study, we investigate the impact of early cerebellar damage on long-term functional recovery in 3 groups of posterior fossa survivors, comparable with respect to their tumoural characteristics but operated at different ages: young (≤ 7 years), middle (> 7 years and ≤ 13 years) and old (> 13 years). Daily (Health-related Quality of Life -hrQol-, Performance Status -PS-), motor (International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale -ICARS-, Pegboard Purdue Test -PegBoard-) and cognitive (Full Scale Intelligence Quotient -FSIQ-) functioning were measured. Early age at surgery, lesion of deep cerebellar nuclei and post-operative radiotherapy had a significant, independent negative influence on long term recovery. These results support the existence of an early critical period of development during which the cerebellar "learning machine" is of critical importance
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Avander, Alexander, and Erik Robertsson. "Batch size policy : A case study of the production site in Hillerstorp." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Ekonomihögskolan, ELNU, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-12270.
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Abstrakt Examensarbete. Civilekonomprogrammet, Logistik, Linnéuniversitetet, 4FE05E, Våren 2011. Författare: Alexander Avander och Erik Robertsson Handledare: Peter Berling Titel: Batch size policy Thule Vehicle Solutions - A case study in Hillerstorp Bakgrund: Företaget har för närvarande ingen tydlig batch policy och detta är ett område som uppmärksammats som ett område med potentiella förbättringsmöjligheter. Ett projekt har inletts där två flöden (en hög omsättare och en låg) skall kartläggas och generera ett förslag till en tvärfunktionell batch policy. Syfte: Syftet med projektet är att med hjälp utav en ”current state map” föreslå en ny, kostnadseffektiv och tvärfunktionell batch policy samt jämföra detta med nuvarande policy för att påvisa potentiella förbättringsmöjligheter. Metod: Projektet använder ett kvalitativt arbetssätt för att påvisa effekter utav batch storlekar. Data hämtas från det undersökta företaget och från tidigare forskningar inom området som samlats genom universitetets resurser. Slutsatser: Företaget bör kunna eliminera ett flertal lager i sitt flöde som uppstått på grund av en batch policy där hela pallar föredras. En batch policy, där en storlek används till ett komponentlager och därefter en annan storlek som är en jämn del utav den första till slutlagret, har föreslagits som en tvärfunktionell batch policy. Detta förslag är testat i fyra versioner där samtliga var funna mer kostnadseffektiva än nuvarande policy. Att använda mindre batchstorlekar i den föreslagna policyn sänkte lagernivåer och ledtider. Dock var nuvarande, större batchstorleken mer optimal då lagerhållningskostnaderna är låga i förhållande till omställningskostnader. Sökord: Batch size, batch size costs, cross functional, inventory control, lean management, production flow, supply chain integration, transportation costs, value stream mapping.Abstract Master Degree Project. Business Administration and Economics Programme, Linnaeus University, Logistics, 4FE05E, Spring 2011. Authors: Alexander Avander and Erik Robertsson Supervisor: Peter Berling Title: Batch size policy Thule Vehicle Solutions - A case study in Hillerstorp Background: The Company has currently no clear batch size policy and batch sizes are an area that has been recognized with potential earnings within the company. A project to map two flows (a high volume and a low volume) and suggest a new cross functional batch size policy has been initiated. Purpose: The purpose of this project is to, with the help of a current state map, propose a new cost effective and cross functional batch size policy for the business unit car accessories and compare this to the present batch size policy to show possible earnings. Method: This project uses a qualitative approach to show the effect of batch sizes with data supplied from the Thule Sweden AB and researched through the Linnaeus University’s recourses. Findings: Thule Vehicle Solutions should be able to remove several inventories that have been caused by a batch size policy where whole pallets are preferred. A batch size policy where one batch size is used to the semi-finished inventory and another size, part of first batch size, from that inventory until the finished-goods inventory has been suggested as a cross functional batch size policy. This suggestion has been tested and in four different versions was found more cost effective than the current policy. Using smaller batch sizes in the suggested batch size policy decreased inventory levels and lead times. However, the current, larger batch size was more optimal as the holding costs are low and the set up costs are high. Key words: Batch size, batch size costs, cross functional, inventory control, lean management, production flow, supply chain integration, transportation costs, value stream mapping.
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Papin-Puren, Anthony. "La notion constitutionnelle de groupements de collectivités territoriales." Thesis, Angers, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ANGE0063.
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La notion constitutionnelle de groupements de collectivités territoriales est issue de la révision constitutionnelle de 2003 relative à l’organisation décentralisée de la République. Elle n’a pas été un élément phare de cette réforme car le droit de la coopération entre collectivités territoriales est relativement discret et continu. La pluralité des formes des groupements renforce cette approche et réduit la visibilité et l’originalité de ce type de structure juridique. Néanmoins, la place de ces institutions devient de plus en plus grande au point de définir ce phénomène comme une « révolution silencieuse ». La transformation profonde et la multiplication des réformes du droit des collectivités locales depuis la consécration constitutionnelle des groupements ont complètement modifié les définitions usuelles de notions fondamentales, telles que celle de collectivité territoriale. Or la notion de groupements est largement impactée par ces évolutions institutionnelles et participe, simultanément, à fragmenter le paysage des collectivités territoriales. L’approche constitutionnelle de la notion de groupements peut apporter un nouvel éclairage sur la crise que traverse notamment la notion de collectivité territoriale en recherchant les raisons de cette insertion dans la norme fondamentale. Ces dernières nous permettront de voir quels types de groupements correspondent le plus à cette nature constitutionnelle. Après les avoir identifiés, il sera intéressant de rechercher les critères constitutionnels permettant de les caractériser et de les différencier de ceux qui sont propres aux collectivités territoriales et aux catégories d’établissement publicThe constitutional notion of associations of territorial communities results from the constitutional revision of 2003 relative to the decentralized organisation of the Republic. It has not been a key element of this reform because the law of cooperation between local authorities is relatively discrete and continuous. The plurality of forms of associations reinforces this approach and reduces the visibility and originality of this type of legal structure. Nevertheless, the place of these institutions becomes more and more important to the point of defining this phenomenon as a "silent revolution". The profound transformation and multiplication of the reforms of the law of local communities since the constitutional consecration of the associations completely changed the usual definitions of fundamental notions, such as that of territorial community. However, the notion of associations is largely impacted by these institutional changes and at the same time contributes to fragmenting the landscape of local authorities. The constitutional approach of the notion of associations can shed new light on the crisis that the notion of territorial community particularly goes through in seeking the reasons for this insertion into the fundamental norm. These will allow us to see which types of associations correspond most to this constitutional nature. After having identified them, it will be interesting to look for the constitutional criteria allowing to characterize them and to differentiate them from those which are specific to the territorial units and the categories of public legal entities
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Dean, Cecilia M. "Physiology of organisations : an integrated functional perspective." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/10045.
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Organisational theories developed by academics are often regarded as complex and confusing by students and not very useful by managers. One solution to address these concerns expressed by the different audiences is to revisit earlier proposals which were rejected at the time, such as the theses proposed by Radcliffe-Brown during the 1930s for a single branch of science for the study of human society. Radcliffe-Brown’s single branch of science for human societies incorporates abstract, natural, and applied sciences, and the arts. His comprehensive proposal was intended to cover all audiences, but Radcliffe-Brown asserted that natural science, in the form of the study of the physiology of societies, was not yet available. This thesis explores the practicalities of studying the physiology of organisations and proposes a project to test Radcliffe-Brown’s theory. Various factors such as the concept of a natural science, interrelationships among functions and the consideration of scale and scope are considered and evaluated in order to find a practical approach to study the physiology of organisations and organised societies. A prototype framework for the study of human physiology, based on the laws of living persistent entities, is developed and evaluated for applicability in organisations. A meta-analysis of change projects published in academic journals formed the research approach to ensure generalisability of the analysed results, and the findings were analysed within three functional categories of internal, operations and executive functions to test the feasibility of an analogous framework for organisations. The thesis concludes that, with exceptions and areas for further research, it is possible to study the physiology of organisations and this could provide a bridge between academic theories and practical applied sciences by providing an integrated perspective on functions and their interrelationships in organisations.
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Wiberg, Jenny. "Vänner eller fiender? : En språkvetenskaplig studie av en idéburen organisations positionering genom pressmeddelanden." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-21617.
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I denna uppsats presenteras en textanalytisk studie av ett urval pressmeddelanden från organisationen Djurens Rätt. Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur Djurens Rätt positionerar sig bland de deltagare som beskrivs i deras pressmeddelanden. Djurens Rätt är en ideell och idéburen organisation vilket gör det intressant att undersöka hur dessa förhåller sig till andra aktörer i samhället i sina pressmeddelanden. Studien ut-går teoretiskt och metodologiskt främst från den systemisk-funktionella grammati-ken med fokus på det ideationella och erfarenhetsmässiga. Utöver detta är även positioneringsbegreppet och Greimas aktantmodell centrala för studien. Resultatet visar att Djurens Rätt använder sig av andra aktörer i flera avseenden för att positionera sig i de undersökta pressmeddelandena. Organisationen framstår exempelvis som sakliga och objektiva representanter för djuren genom att avstå från känslomässiga uttryckssätt, ibland tala om djuren i statistiska termer och även lägga fokus på opponenters handlingar istället för opponenterna i sig.This paper presents a linguistic study of a number of press releases issued by the organization Djurens Rätt. The study aims to examine in which way Djurens Rätt positions itself among other participants being described in their press releases. Djurens Rätt is a non-profit organization based on an ideological idea, which makes it an interesting target for investigating their approach towards other societal opera-tors in their press releases. The study is theoretically and methodologically mainly based on Halliday’s functional grammar, focusing on the ideational and experiential part of language use. In addition to these perspectives, positioning as a concept and Greimas’ actantial model are also essential to the study. The results show that Djurens Rätt uses several other societal operators in order to position themselves in the analyzed press releases. The organization appears to represent the animals in an objective and impartial way, for instance by refraining emotional expressions, occasionally describing the animals in statistical terms and mostly focusing on their opponent’s actions instead of the opponents themselves.
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Van, der Merwe Izak Petrus. "Organisational climate: variance across functional units." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/18481.
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The main objective of this research was to determine whether functional units (departments) in an industrial organization differed significantly with respect to their experience of the organizational climate. Two approaches to organizational theory were drawn from, namely, the systems and contingency approaches. Both emphasize the importance of the task environment and the need for the organization to adapt to its task environment. Systems theorists, Katz and Kahn (1978), have identified a number of organizational components or subsystems which enable the organization to function efficiently. Each component has a fairly specialized function; each develops a distinctive nucleus of operating procedures and values. Contingency theorists, Lawrence and Lorsch (1967, 1969), stated that different parts of the organization face different environments. Organizations therefore tend to become internally segmented into functional units. Organizational climate was highlighted as the general notion specifying the organizational identity or self-awareness of the organization; however, it may vary within the organization from work group to work group. The total number of 54 white employees in four units: marketing, personnel/public affairs, finance and production, at all levels - general employees, supervisory/foremen, middle management, senior management - completed a measure of their perceptions of the organizational climate of their individual units. The Organizational Climate Index for Profit Organizations developed by De Cock, Bouwen, de Witte and de Visch (1984), was used. The scale requires a forced choice on a scale with a scoring pattern of 4,3,2,1. Total scores on each of the 6 climate scales, grouped into 20 subscales, were obtained for each functional unit. One-way analysis of variance (the Kruskal-Wallis Test) was used for assessing the significance of differences between the four units on the different climate subscales. The results of the study supported the hypothesis that had been formulated. It was concluded that significant differences exist between the functional units marketing, personnel/public affairs, finance and production of the industrial organization concerned, with respect to the climate dimensions. It was concluded that, in order to achieve maximum integration between functional units and their members in an organization, business will need to concern itself with the differences in expression of human behaviour and motivation in units.
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Lizée, Marie-Hélène. "Diversité, organisation spatiale et fonctionnelle des communautés de papillons (lépidoptères, rhopalocères) en milieu urbain et périurbain : Rôle des espaces artificialisés en terme de conservation et de connectivité." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10153.
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Au regard de la variété d’enjeux (économiques, sociétaux et environnementaux) que recouvrent les espaces de nature soumis au développement humain, il apparait urgent de comprendre les déterminants de leur fonctionnement. En effet, même si elles ne constituent pas des lieux prioritaires de conservation pour les espèces rares et menacées, les zones urbanisées sont loin d’être dépourvues de biodiversité. Cependant, cette biodiversité et les processus écologiques en œuvre demeurent mal connus. Il s’agit ici d’utiliser les communautés de Rhopalocères (papillons de jour) comme grille de lecture des paysages urbains et périurbains. A partir de l’étude des communautés de papillons (et accessoirement d’oiseaux) en région PACA, l’objectif principal de ce travail est ainsi de mettre en évidence les patrons d’organisation de ces communautés afin comprendre les facteurs conditionnant les assemblages d’espèces en milieu urbain et périurbain. Situé en région méditerranéenne qui constitue un espace original d’un point de vue biogéographique, ce travail a porté sur des terrains d’étude permettant d’aborder deux expressions différentes du processus d’urbanisation touchant le territoire provençal : (i) le village de Lauris (84), caractéristique d’un arrière-pays méditerranéen « en voie de métropolisation » ; et (ii) l’agglomération marseillaise (13), 2ème ville la plus peuplée de France. A partir de l’analyse des assemblages d’espèces de quatre habitats (friches, jardins privés, vignes, forêts), les travaux menés sur la commune de Lauris se sont intéressés à la réponse des communautés de Rhopalocères face aux changements de la disponibilité en habitats dans une mosaïque paysagère en mutation. Les résultats ont ainsi révélé des variations en termes de structure et de composition fonctionnelle, soulignant tant l’influence du contexte paysager que du type d’habitat sur l’organisation de ces communautés. Cette étude a également soulevé l’intérêt du compartiment jardin en tant que réservoir de biodiversité. Les travaux ont ensuite été orientés sur la question de la biodiversité hébergée par les espaces artificialisés en ville. Pour cela 24 parcs publics de la ville de Marseille ont été étudiés. Il a été possible de démontrer comment les traits fonctionnels des espèces (papillons et oiseaux) permettaient de prédire leur répartition le long d’un gradient d’urbanisation. Les différents travaux menés sur l’agglomération marseillaise ont également révélé l’importance de l’échelle paysagère et des dynamiques spatiales régionales (dispersion et colonisation) sur l’organisation des assemblages d’espèces. Les communautés de Rhopalocères apparaissent fortement conditionnées par le degré d’isolement des parcs vis-à-vis des massifs semi-naturels, soulevant l’idée d’une alimentation des assemblages intra-urbains par un pool d’espèces régional situé en périphérie. Cette hypothèse est d’ailleurs appuyée par la distribution imbriquée des espèces (nested subsets) entre les parcs, où les sites les plus pauvres en termes de composition spécifique constituent des sous-échantillons des sites les plus riches, sans que cela ne soit relié à l’existence d’une relation aire-espèce significative. Enfin, l’étude de l’aménagement des parcs et de leur gestion a permis de souligner l’effet d’interactions plus locales sur l’organisation des communautés. Cependant, le contexte paysager semble fortement conditionner la composante végétale autour, mais aussi dans les parcs, notamment par le biais de sa gestion par les services municipauxGiven the wide range of issues (economic, social and environmental) that are concerned by natural environments under the impact of human development, it is a matter of urgency to understand the factors that determine their functioning. Even if they do not constitute priority areas for the conservation for rare and endangered species, urban areas are by no means devoid of biodiversity. This biodiversity and the ecological processes involved remain poorly known.The approach here is to use the communities of Rhopaloceres (butterflies) as a framework for reading the urban and outlying suburban landscapes. On the basis of a study of butterfly communities (and secondarily those of birds) in the PACA (Provence Alpes Côte d’Azur) region, the main aim of this study is to provide evidence of the patterns of organisation of these communities in order to understand the factors that control the assemblages of species in the urban and outlying suburban environment.Focused on the Mediterranean area, which constitutes an original site from the biogerographical point of view, this investigation has focused on two study sites in order to offer two different expressions of the process of urban development affecting the territory of Provence: (i) the village of Lauris (84), characteristic of a Mediterranean hinterland ‘in the process of metropolisation’; and (ii) the Marseille conurbation (13), the 2nd most populous city in France.On the basis of an analysis of the assemblages of species of four habitats (fallow land, private gardens, vineyards, forests), the investigations carried out in Lauris are focused on the response of the communities of Rhopaloceres in the face of rapid changes in land use. The results provide evidence of variations in terms of structure and functional composition, underlining the influence both of the landscape context and of the type of habitat on the organisation of these communities. This study also highlights the interest of the garden compartment as a reservoir of biodiversity.Then, the investigation has focused on the question of the biodiversity accommodated in the man-made areas of the city. To this end, 24 public parks in the city of Marseille have been studied. It has been possible to show how the functional traits of species (butterflies and birds) can be used to predict their distribution along a gradient of urban development. The various studies carried out on Marseille have also shown the importance of the landscape scale and of the regional spatial dynamic (dispersal and colonisation) with regard to the organisation of assemblages of species. The communities of Rhopaloceres appear to be strongly conditioned by the degree of isolation of parks with regard to the semi-natural massifs, raising the idea of the strengthening of the intra-urban assemblages by a regional pool of species situated around the outskirts. This hypothesis is further supported by the overlapping pattern of distribution of the species (nested subsets) between the parks, where the poorest sites in terms of species composition constitute sub-samples of the richest sites, without this being linked to the existence of a significant species-area relationship. Finally, the study of the development of parks and their management has enabled us to highlight the impact of more local interactions on the organisation of the communities. Nevertheless, the landscape context would appear to strongly condition the plant component in the surroundings, but also in the parks, in particular via the management practices of the municipal departments
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Bizley, Jennifer K. "Organisation and function of ferret auditory cortex." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418558.
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Guerrero, Karen. "Organisation structurale et fonction métabolique des unités énergétiques intracellulaires (ICEUs) dans le muscle cardiaque et squelettique : conditions physiologiques et pathophysiologiques : [Thèse soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux]." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE10244.
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Ce travail de thèse s'intéresse principalement à la régulation de la respiration mitochondriale in situ dans les cellules de muscle cardiaque et squelettiques. L'oxygraphie, la spectrophotométrie et la microscopie confocale sur cellules isolées ou fibres musculaires perméabilisées à la saponine ont été utilisées ainsi que la modélisation mathématique. Dans les cellules musculaires, les mitochondries sont organisées de manière très précise tel un ‘cristal'. Cet arrangement intracellulaire serait la base d'une organisation à la fois structurale et fonctionnelle au sein desquelles les mitochondries sont couplées fonctionnellement par le cytosquelette aux autres organelles : réticulum sarcoplasmique et myofibrilles : les ICEUs (ou unités énergétiques intracellulaires). Au sein des cellules cardiaques, il existe 2 niveaux de régulation de la respiration mitochondriale par l'ADP exogène : la perméabilité de la membrane mitochondriale externe (VDAC) et des restrictions localisées de diffusion de l'ADP au voisinage des mitochondries. La β-tubuline participe indirectement à ces mécanismes de régulation de même que la protéine STOP, une protéine associée aux microtubules. Ces données expérimentales sont utiles pour expliquer les aspects métaboliques de la loi de Frank-Starling dans le cœur. Cette notion d'ICEU peut servir de diagnostic lors de l'étude clinique du métabolisme énergétique chez des transplantés pulmonaires avant et après un programme d'entraînement à domicileThe aim of this work was to study the regulation of mitochondrial respiration in situ in cardiac and skeletal muscle cells. Oxygraphy, spectrophotometry and confocal microscopy on saponin-permeabilized muscle cells or fibers were used as well as mathematic modelisation. In muscle cells, mitochondria are ordered very precisely in ‘a crystal like pattern'. This intracellular arrangement could be the basis of a structural and functional organisation within which mitochondria are functionally coupled by cytoskeleton to the other organelles: sarcoplasmic reticulum and myofibrils: ICEUs (intracellular energetic units). In cardiac cells, there are two levels of regulation of mitochondrial respiration by exogenous ADP: permeability of the outer mitochondrial membrane (VDAC) and localized restrictions of ADP diffusion in the neighbourhood of mitochondria. β-tubulin and STOP protein, a microtubule-associated protein, participate indirectly to these mechanisms of regulation. These experimental data are useful for explaining the metabolic aspects of the Frank-Starling law of the heart. The notion of ICEU can be diagnostically used in clinical study of energetic metabolism of lung recipients transplants before and after a home-interval training program
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Auluck, Randhir K. "The changing role, functions and status of the HRD/training function in UK public sector organisations." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2011. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/35714/.
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Önsari, Burak. "Erfarenhetsåterföring och informationshanteringi en komplex organisation." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar produktionsutveckling (ML), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-253801.
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Målet med examensarbetet är att ta fram en lista på åtgärder vilka är ämnade åt att förbättra dokumenthanteringen och informationslagringen på Arcona, samt förbättra tillgängligheten av relevanta dokument och information.Åtgärderna ska ha en inbördes prioriteringsordning och vilka eventuella krav som ska ställas på förekommande system ska undersökas. Fokus ligger på erfarenhetsåterföring genom dokumentation och informationshantering.Vid genomförandet av projektet tillämpas Quality Function Deployment (kundcentrerad planering). Med utgångspunkten hos produktionsledarrollen har kundönskemål samlats och tolkats för att sedan presentera adekvata förslag på förbättringsåtgärder som uppdragsgivaren kan tillämpa. Resultatet innefattar en lista på åtgärder rangordnat efter föreslagen preliminär prioritering där vi högst upp finner kortfattat bland annat:- Att förstärka medarbetarnas medvetenhet kring rutiner och var de hittar särskildadokument & information.- Ett betygsättningssystem för underentreprenader som anlitas av Arcona AB.- Framtagandet av specifikt listade dokument.- En rutin för erfarenhetsåterföring som är återkommande i olika delar av produktionen.Information om vad varje punkt innefattar återfinns i rapporten.The aim of the thesis work is to, with the role of the production managers role and function in focus, bring forth a list of suggested actions on how management of documents and information can improve and how relevant documents and information can be made more accessible. The suggested actions shall be arranged in a prioritized manner and the work shall investigate on the eventual requirements of such a system that can manage the documents/data adequately. Focus have been on utilizing experience feedback through documentation and information management. The method QFD (Quality Function Deployment) has been applied during the thesis work.The customer requirements/needs of the co-workers, primarily the productionmanagers, have been collected and interpreted to later on present adequate suggestions of action of improvement that the employer can apply.The result contains a list of actions arranged based on most highly to least highly recommended action to implement. At the top, we find amongst other actions:- To reinforce the co-workers knowledge about routines and whereabouts of specificdocuments & information.- A score-based rating system to be able to rate subcontractors that has been hired byArcona AB.- The production of certain listed documents.- A routine of documenting experience feedback that comes continuously in specific v stages of the production. Information regarding what every action includes is found inside of the thesis.