Academic literature on the topic 'Fumigènes'
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Journal articles on the topic "Fumigènes"
Garet, E., N. Guen, F. Rasolojaona, P. Ducastel, and T. A. Bensousan. "Fumigènes de théâtre: le bronchospasme du samedi soir." Réanimation Urgences 8, no. 4 (July 1999): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1164-6756(99)80113-3.
Full textBourgois, J., M. C. Bartholin, and R. Guyonnet. "Comparaison du Pouvoir Fumigène du Bois et du Bois Rétifié." Holzforschung 44, no. 4 (January 1990): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hfsg.1990.44.4.285.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Fumigènes"
Ashrin, Aya. "Approche in vitro pour l'évaluation et la prédiction de la toxicité aiguë des fumées issues de fumigènes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, AgroParisTech, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024AGPT0013.
Full textThe toxicity of fumes from pyrotechnic devices particularly used by armed forces, is a significant concern for both manufacturers and users. Consequently, a danger assessment especially at the pulmonary level related to the inhalation of these fumes must be conducted. So far, this evaluation has been carried out via experimental tests requiring animal trials, which raise ethical concerns and can lead to substantial costs and delays. Moreover, the development of new pyrotechnic formulations demands significant investment in research and development before achieving adequate levels of performance and safety for qualification and commercialization.In this context, the adoption of alternative in vitro methods to anticipate the toxicity of fumes from new formulations becomes crucial to reduce the time and costs of trials while assessing potential toxicity from the early stages of R&D, thus guiding development towards less harmful formulations.The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the use of in vitro models as an alternative to animal experimentation to characterize the acute pulmonary toxicity of fume from pyrotechnic devices.The first part of the thesis work involved the pulmonary cell model selection, which is the A549-THP-1 co-culture, and developing the experimental parameters to expose the cells to fume generated by the combustion of pyrotechnic compositions. Culture support and exposure flow rate were optimized. Subsequently, once the experimental parameters were defined, a test campaign on 12 pyrotechnic formulations and 2 blanks was conducted on the chosen cell model: an A549-THP-1 alveolar cell co-culture at the air-liquid interface (ALI) was exposed to fume with presumably different levels of toxicity in a Vitrocell® type system (dynamic system) simultaneously with the exposure of rats to the same fume. The in vitro model proved predictive of these initial trials. As part of the thesis, the in vitro cytotoxic, inflammatory, and oxidative potential of the fumes was measured 24 hours after exposure. The in vitro responses observed were compared with in vivo data, obtained alongside the thesis, by making vivo-vitro correlations and showed concordances for the HC family viability and the X family inflammation.In conclusion, our results facilitated the establishment of an appropriate methodology for the assessment of acute inhalation toxicity. They underscore the importance of keeping on developing in vitro models or test batteries for this evaluation, with the goal of aligning as closely as possible with in vivo models while maintaining a standardized approach
Mekki, Malik. "Caractérisation physico-chimique et évaluation toxicologique de fumées particulaires produites lors de tirs de petit calibre et de fumigènes : étude comparative." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR140/document.
Full textAir pollution, and particulary anthropogenic particulate matter, is one of the most important risk factors involved in the high rate of morbidity and mortality related to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. In pyrotechnic field, be it professional, civil or military activities, smokes constitue an important particle producer playing a major role in particulate matter emmergence and thereby exposing users to the various emitted aerosols.The main purpose of this exploratory study was to provide knowledge on the physicochemical characteristics of particles emitted during pyrotechnic activities, more specifically particles from gunfire and smokes, and to assess their pulmonary toxicity in vitro.On the first hand, the physicochemical characterization demonstrates that firing particles had a rather coarse granulometry (3 to 7.5 μm) and were mainly composed of metallic elemets, despite smoke particles belong to the category of fine particles (< 0,95 μm) and are predominantly composed of different organic molecules according to the smoke type.On the other hand, in order to assess the pulmonary toxicity of particles, we exposed human alveolar epithelial cells (A549) in vitro to particles coming from either gunfire and to two of the four different smokes (smoke 1 and 4). The results of this study showed that some of these particles (gunfire and smoke 1 particles) induced a mutagenic effects from organic extracts, as well as cytotoxicity. Moreover, particles of smoke 1 were also able to give rise to an oxidative stress (increased HO-1 mRNA expression) and to initiate an important inflammatory response characterized by pro-inflammatory cytokine upregulation (increase in IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA expression).The results of this comparative study demonstrated that particles from gunfire and smoke have different particle sizes and chemical composition. These physicochemical characteristics are responsible for different mutagenic and cytotoxic effects as well as alterations of the intrinsic oxidizing and inflammatory properties. This study also made it possible to understand the different methods of toxicological evaluation of smoke particles
Book chapters on the topic "Fumigènes"
Jeusette, Julien. "Les lucioles portent des fumigènes." In Écrire la révolution, 193–96. Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.pur.179861.
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