Academic literature on the topic 'Fully integrated model'
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Journal articles on the topic "Fully integrated model"
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Wlodarczyk, A. J., V. Trenkic, R. A. Scaramuzza, and C. Christopoulos. "A fully integrated multiconductor model for TLM." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 46, no. 12 (1998): 2431–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/22.739231.
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Brunner, Philip, and Craig T. Simmons. "HydroGeoSphere: A Fully Integrated, Physically Based Hydrological Model." Ground Water 50, no. 2 (December 7, 2011): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2011.00882.x.
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Meucci, Attilio. "A Fully Integrated Liquidity and Market Risk Model." Financial Analysts Journal 68, no. 6 (November 2012): 94–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2469/faj.v68.n6.6.
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Redlick, Colleen, Lena D. Syrovy, Hema S. N. Duddu, Dilshan Benaragama, Eric N. Johnson, Christian J. Willenborg, and Steven J. Shirtliffe. "Developing an Integrated Weed Management System for Herbicide-Resistant Weeds Using Lentil (Lens culinaris) as a Model Crop." Weed Science 65, no. 6 (August 29, 2017): 778–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2017.47.
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The escalating evolution of weed species resistant to acetolactase synthase (ALS)-inhibitor herbicides makes alternative weed control strategies necessary for field crops that are dependent on this herbicide group. A fully integrated strategy that combined increased crop seeding rates (2X or 4X recommended), mechanical weed control with a minimum-tillage rotary hoe, and reduced-rate non–ALS inhibitor herbicides was compared with herbicides, rotary hoe, and seeding rates alone as a method of controlling ALS inhibitor–tolerant Indian mustard as a model weed. The full-rate herbicide treatment had the lowest weed biomass (98% reduction) and the highest yield of all treatments in 3 of 4 site-years, regardless of seeding rate. The fully integrated treatment at the 4X seeding rate had weed suppression rates equal to the full herbicide treatment at the recommended seeding rate. The fully integrated and reduced-rate herbicide treatments at the 4X seeding rate reduced weed biomass by 89% and 83%, respectively, compared with the control at the recommended seeding rate. The rotary hoe treatment alone resulted in poor weed control (≤38%), even at the highest seeding rate. Fully integrated and reduced-rate herbicide treatments at 2X and 4X seeding rates had yields equal to those of the full herbicide treatment at the recommended seeding rate. Partially or fully integrated weed control strategies that combine increased crop seeding rates and reduced-rate non–ALS inhibitor herbicides, with or without the use of a rotary hoe, can control weeds resistant to ALS-inhibitor herbicides, while maintaining crop yields similar to those achieved with full-rate herbicides. However, combining increased seeding rate, reduced-rate herbicides, and mechanical rotary hoe treatment into a fully integrated strategy maximized weed control, while reducing reliance on and selection pressure against any single weed control tactic.
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Zhang, Suhan, Wei Gu, Xiao-ping Zhang, Hai Lu, Shuai Lu, Ruizhi Yu, and Haifeng Qiu. "Fully analytical model of heating networks for integrated energy systems." Applied Energy 327 (December 2022): 120081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120081.
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Wilson, Adam. "A Fully Coupled Network Model: Comparison With Other Integrated Models on Field Cases." Journal of Petroleum Technology 67, no. 07 (July 1, 2015): 90–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0715-0090-jpt.
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Liu, Fangliang, Yunhe Liu, Lijun Su, Wanghai Tao, Quanjiu Wang, and Mingjiang Deng. "Integrated Growth Model of Typical Crops in China with Regional Parameters." Water 14, no. 7 (April 1, 2022): 1139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14071139.
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The analysis of common properties of growth for crops is the basis for further understanding crop growth in different regions. We used four typical crops of China, winter wheat, summer maize, rice, and cotton, to build an integrated model suitable for simulating the growth of different crops. The rates and characteristics of crop growth were systematically analysed based on semirelative and fully relative logistic models of crop growth, and a comprehensive, fully relative logistic model for the four crops was established. The spatial distributions of the maximum leaf area index (LAImax) and maximum dry-matter accumulation (DMAmax) for the four crops were analysed. The semirelative and fully relative growth models exhibited different characteristics of crop growth. The essential characteristics of growth and the characteristics of the crops at each stage of growth were better represented by the fully relative logistic growth model than by the semirelative model. The comprehensive, fully relative logistic model fitted the growth of all four crops well. LAImax and DMAmax varied greatly amongst the four crops and were strongly regionally distributed. These indicators for the same crop were differentially spatially variable, and the two indicators were not significantly correlated, except for rice. LAImax and DMAmax in different regions could be obtained using a binary quadratic equation of water consumption and growing degree days for the crops. This study provides a novel method for quantitatively judging the status of crop growth, predicting crop yields, and planning for regional agricultural planting.
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GROTE, RÜDIGER, CATHERINE MORFOPOULOS, ÜLO NIINEMETS, ZHIHONG SUN, TREVOR F. KEENAN, FEDERICA PACIFICO, and TIM BUTLER. "A fully integrated isoprenoid emissions model coupling emissions to photosynthetic characteristics." Plant, Cell & Environment 37, no. 8 (May 11, 2014): 1965–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pce.12326.
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Solar, H., G. Bistué, J. Legarda, E. Fernández, and R. Berenguer. "Design model for fully integrated high-performance linear CMOS power amplifiers." IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 5, no. 7 (2011): 795. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2010.0217.
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Chomba, Innocent C., Kawawa E. Banda, Hessel C. Winsemius, Makungu Eunice, Henry M. Sichingabula, and Imasiku A. Nyambe. "Integrated Hydrologic-Hydrodynamic Inundation Modeling in a Groundwater Dependent Tropical Floodplain." Journal of Human, Earth, and Future 3, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 237–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/hef-2022-03-02-09.
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The rapid development of free and open-access hydrological models and coupling framework tools continues to present more opportunities for coupled model development for improved assessment of floodplain hydrology. In this study, we set up an Upper Zambezi hydrological model and a fully spatially hydrological-hydrodynamic coupled model for the Barotse Floodplain using GLOFRIM (GLObally applicable computational FRamework for Integrated hydrological–hydrodynamic Modelling). The hydrological and hydrodynamic models used are WFLOW and LISFLOOD-FP, respectively. The simulated flows generated by the wflow model for the upstream gauge stations before the Barotse Floodplain were quite similar and closely matched the observed flow as indicated by the evaluation statistics; Chavuma, nse = 0.738; kge = 0.738; pbias = 2.561 and RSR = 0.511; Watopa, nse = 0.684; kge = 0.816; pbias = 10.577 and RSR = 0.557; and Lukulu, nse = 0.736; kge = 0.795; pbias = 10.437 and RSR = 0.509. However, even though the wflow hydrological model was able to simulate the upstream hydrology very well, the results at the floodplain outlet gauge stations did not quite match the observed monthly flows at Senanga gauge station as indicated by the evaluation statistics: nse = 0.132; kge = 0.509; pbias = 37.740 and RSR = 0.9233. This is mainly because the representation of both floodplain channel hydrodynamics and vertical hydrological processes is necessary to correctly capture floodplain dynamics. Thus, the need for an approach that saves as a basis for developing fully spatially distributed coupled hydrodynamic and hydraulic models’ assessments for groundwater dependent tropical floodplains such as the Barotse floodplain, in closing the gap between hydrology and hydrodynamics in floodplain assessments. A fully coupled model has the potential to be used in implementing adaptive wetland management strategies for water resources allocation, environmental flow (eflows), flood control, land use and climate change impact assessments. Doi: 10.28991/HEF-2022-03-02-09 Full Text: PDF
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fully integrated model"
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Wilkinson, Paul Lawrence. "Investigating the hydrological and geotechnical effects of vegetation on slope stability : development of a fully integrated numerical model." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324319.
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Gosavi, Shekhar Vishwanath. "An integrated finite element and finite volume code to solve thermo-hydro-mechanical problems in porous media." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/157.
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Pumchawsaun, Phat. "Integrated hydrodynamic and socio-economic damage modelling for assessment of flood risk in large-scale basin : The case study of Lower Chao Phraya River Basin in Thailand." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för naturgeografi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-157381.
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Thailand has been often affected by severe flood events over the past century. The 2011’s Thailand Flood Catastrophe was the costliest in country’s history, and it was ranked to be the second most damaging natural hazard in the world in terms of economic losses. The Chao Phraya River Basin was noted to be the most vulnerable area prone to flooding in Thailand. The dynamics of flood risk in the river basin have changed drastically over the past fifty years. In particular, flood exposure increased due to rapid urbanization and population growth. Since 2012, integrated flood risk management has been addressed to be the major framework of water-related disasters with the goal of losses and damage reductions. However, there is currently little research in Thailand on how to quantify flood risks and mitigate flood inundation damage on the relation between the occurrence of flood events and their consequential socio-economic implications. In this study, a tradition method in flood risk assessment is implemented by integrating 2D hydrodynamic modelling and the assessment of socio-economic impact of floods into the Chao Phraya River Basin. More specifically, the fully 2D version of the LISFLOOD-FP model code was used to model flood inundation processes. The output of the model was then used to map inundation depth and assess the levels of physical/environmental risk associated to flood hazards on multiple receptors/elements at risk. The European Flood Directive and the KULTURisk methodology were applied to quantify flood risks in monetary terms for residential, industrial, and agricultural sectors. The 2011 flood event was used for model calibration, while a hypothetical flood event with a return period of 100 years was simulated to identify the potential flood losses. Depth-damage functions comprising of JRC-ASIA, the Flemish, and JICA models were used to estimate potential damage for residential and industrial structures. The results showed that LISFLOOD-FP could satisfactorily reproduce the flood inundation extent obtained from satellite imagery in 2011. The model performance (Critical Success Index or F1) was of 56%, with a Bias of 112%. The latter meant the total inundated area was 12% larger than flood extent’s observation. Moreover, the model could simulate flood levels with overall Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 2.03 m a.s.l. and 1.78 m a.s.l., respectively. For the estimation of flood damage and losses, the Flemish model showed the strongest agreement with the reported flood damage in the residential sector, while JICA-ASIA model underestimated flood damage for industrial sector by just 1%. The KULTURisk methodology also well-estimated crop losses in the 2011 event which an overestimation about 21% from the reported value. Apart from that, fully 2D numerical method could not perfectly represent 1-in-100 year flood inundation due to non-consideration of important features such as the precise river channel topography, hydraulic infrastructures, and flood protection schemes in the river basin. Lack of such features results in an overestimation of flood damage and losses for 1-in-100 year flood comparing to the national flood hazard map and damage assessment which are simulated and estimated by JICA’s study. Such features can be better handled by using a coupled 1D/2D numerical method in order to simulate flood inundation extent more realistically and estimate flood losses. This could help the Thai government to better prepare a budget for flood risk prevention. In addition, even if the Flemish model indicates a good representation of relative flood damage to housing structures, the government should establish depth-damage curves specific for Thailand.
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Terizhandur, Varadharajan Narayanan. "Fast methods for full-wave electromagnetic simulations of integrated circuit package modules." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41059.
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Fast methods for the electromagnetic simulation of integrated circuit (IC) package modules through model order reduction are demonstrated. The 3D integration of multiple functional IC chip/package modules on a single platform gives rise to geometrically complex structures with strong electromagnetic phenomena. This motivates our work on a fast full-wave solution for the analysis of such modules, thus contributing to the reduction in design cycle time without loss of accuracy. Traditionally, fast design approaches consider only approximate electromagnetic effects, giving rise to lumped-circuit models, and therefore may fail to accurately capture the signal integrity, power integrity, and electromagnetic interference effects.
As part of this research, a second order frequency domain full-wave susceptance element equivalent circuit (SEEC) model will be extracted from a given structural layout. The model so obtained is suitably reduced using model order reduction techniques. As part of this effort, algorithms are developed to produce stable and passive reduced models of the original system, enabling fast frequency sweep analysis. Two distinct projection-based second order model reduction approaches will be considered: 1) matching moments, and 2) matching Laguerre coefficients, of the original system's transfer function. Further, the selection of multiple frequency shifts in these schemes to produce a globally representative model is also studied. Use of a second level preconditioned Krylov subspace process allows for a memory-efficient way to address large size problems.
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Mustafa, Atif. "Nutrient removal with integrated constructed wetlands : microbial ecology and treatment performance evaluation of full-scale integrated constructed wetlands." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4111.
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Wastewaters from intensive agricultural activities contain high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus that contributes to water management problems. During the past few years, there has been considerable interest in the use of constructed wetlands for treating surface water runoff from farmyards. If the contaminated runoff is not treated, this wastewater along with other non-point sources of pollution can seriously contaminate the surface water and groundwater. Integrated Constructed Wetlands (ICWs) are a type of free water surface wetlands. They are engineered systems that are designed, constructed and operated successfully for treating farmyard runoff in the British Isles. However, the long-term treatment performance of these systems, the processes involved in contaminant removal and the impact on associated water bodies are not well-known. The aims of this project were to assess the performance of full-scale integrated constructed wetlands and understand nutrient removal in them. Performance evaluation of these systems through physical, chemical and microbiological parameters collected for more than 7 years showed good removal efficiencies compared to international literature. The monitored nutrient concentrations in groundwater and surface waters indicate that ICW systems did not pollute the receiving waters. The role of plants (Typha latifolia) and sediment in removing nutrients was also assessed. More nitrogen and phosphorus were stored in wetland soils and sediments than in plants. The results demonstrate that the soil component of a mature wetland system is an important and sustainable nutrient storage compartment. A novel molecular toolbox was used to characterise and compare microbial diversity responsible for nitrogen removal in sediment and litter components of ICW systems. Diverse populations of nitrogen removing bacteria were detected. The litter component of the wetland systems supported more diverse nitrogen removing bacteria than the sediments. Nitrogen removing bacteria in the wetland systems appeared to be stochastically assembled from the same source community. The self-organising map model was applied as a prediction tool for the performance of ICW and to investigate an alternative method of analysing water quality performance indicators. The model performed very well in predicting nutrients and biochemical oxygen demand with easy to measure and cost-effective water quality parameters. The results indicate that the model was an appropriate approach to monitor wastewater treatment processes and can be used to support management of ICW in real-time.
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Kolsarici, Nalca Ceren. "Flexible models of integrated marketing communication effects." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66860.
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This thesis comprises three essays and investigates complex effects of integrated marketing communications, using advanced statistical and econometric models. The first essay focuses on the measurement of complex multi-media communications effects such as thresholds, saturation levels and cross-media synergies. We use, MARS, a non-parametric regression method based on multivariate adaptive splines, and show that it, successfully trading-off the bias reduction and variance increase, performs superior to parametric and non-parametric benchmarks in model fit and predictive validity. The results provide compelling evidence to one or more threshold points, saturation levels, early saturation for newspaper advertisements and support for possible supersaturation for certain media. Moreover, we quantify the observed threshold and saturation levels using non-parametric derivatives and find that majority of the media perform in inefficient spending ranges. The second essay examines the dynamic effects of direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) in a market where regulations impose restrictions on the type and content of prescription pharmaceutical advertising. We identify three research questions that should be of great managerial interest: Whether DTCA is a reasonable option to choose under these regulations. If so, which type of DTCA is more effective, and when? We pursue these questions by examining data on new and refill prescriptions for a novel pharmaceutical through the implementation of an Augmented Kalman Filter with continuous state and discrete observations (AKF(C-D)). Our findings suggest the presence of complex DTCA dynamics for the two types of regulation-induced advertising messages. We discuss implications and provide extensive validation tests that confirm the superiority of our modeling approach. The final essay investigates the influence of market heterogeneity on the consumer and physician directeCette thèse comprend trois essais et examine les effets complexes des communications marketing intégrées, utilisant des modèles statistiques et économétriques avancés. Le premier essai se concentre sur la mesure des effets complexes des communications multimédia comme les seuils minimums, les niveaux de saturation et les synergies des médias croisés. Nous utilisons, MARS, une méthode de régression non paramétrique basée sur des courbes adaptatives multivariables, et ce qui démontre qu'équilibrant avec succès la réduction de l'erreur moyenne et de l'écart de l'augmentation, MARS s'exécute mieux aux points de référence paramétriques et non paramétriques dans l'ajustement du modèle et la validité prédictive. Les résultats fournissent la preuve irréfutable d'un ou plusieurs points de seuil minimum, de niveaux de saturation, de la saturation précoce pour les publicités dans la presse écrite et d'un appui pour une possible sursaturation de certains médias. De plus, nous évaluons quantitativement le seuil observé et les niveaux de saturation en utilisant des dérivés non paramétriques et constatons que la majorité des médias s'exécute dans des gammes de dépenses inefficaces.Le deuxième essai examine les effets dynamiques de la publicité directe au consommateur (DTCA) dans un marché où les règlements imposent des restrictions sur le type et le contenu de la publicité pour les prescriptions pharmaceutiques. Nous identifions trois questions de recherche qui devraient être de grand intérêt en gestion, c'est-à-dire : Si la DTCA est une option raisonnable à choisir conformément à ces règlements ? S'il en est ainsi, quel type de DTCA est le plus efficace et quand ? Nous poursuivons ces questions en examinant des données sur les nouvelles prescriptions et les renouvellements de prescriptions pour un nouveau médicament par la mise en oeuvre d'un Filtre Kalman Augm
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Ma, Min. "Model order reduction for efficient modeling and simulation of interconnect networks." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103269.
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As operating frequency increases and device sizes shrink, the complexity of current state-of-the-art designs has increased dramatically. One of the main contributors to this complexity is high speed interconnects. At high frequencies, interconnects become dominant contributors to signal degradation, and their effects such as delays, reflections, and crosstalk must be accurately simulated. Time domain analysis of such structures is however very difficult because, at high frequencies, they must be modeled as distributed transmission lines which, after discretization, result in very large networks. In order to improve the simulation efficiency of such structures, model order reduction has been proposed in the literature. Conventional model order reduction methods based on Krylov subspace have a number of limitations in many practical simulation problems. This restricts their usefulness in general commercial simulators.In this thesis, a number of new reduction techniques were developed in order to address the key shortcomings of current model order reduction methods. Specifically a new approach for handling macromodels with a very large number of ports was developed, a multi-level reduction and sprasification method was proposed for regular as well as parametric macromodels, and finally a new time domain reduction method was presented for the macromodeling of nonlinear parametric systems. Using these approaches, CPU speedups of 1 to 2 orders of magnitude were obtained.
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Qiao, Hao. "Sparse hierarchical model order reduction for high speed interconnects." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:8881/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32359.
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Peckel, Marcos David. "A MOS delay model for switch-level simulation /." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65990.
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Ahmad, Arshad. "Validating a theory-based design for online instruction : the integrated learning model." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36861.
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The goal of this study is to present the empirical results of a design experiment that validates the Integrated Learning Model (ILM). The study also explores the contribution of multiple Web-tools that facilitate specific learning outcomes.Using a multiple paradigmatic approach that blends the best of both cognitive and situative perspectives in an open-learning constructivist environment, three broad constructs were used to identify variables that influence learning. These constructs include (1) knowledge acquisition strategies ; (2) cognitive tools that support practice and (3) assessment components that capture artifacts of learning.
In addition, the ILM uses expertise, pedagogical content knowledge and self-regulation as principles that anchor instructional designs. While these principles have traditionally been operationalized separately in classroom settings, they have not been implemented simultaneously to constitute the core elements of an open-learning model. The ILM represents such a synthesis.
Data were collected from 338 students using various tools online, as well as from four surveys administered throughout the semester. Sixty percent of the participants were male with an average age of 21 years. They spent approximately six hours per week on the course. Print material, interactive practice tests and online information were the most frequently used tools. Other tools such as videos and communication software were also positively rated. The majority preferred a mixture of discovery learning and guided instruction. From the fifteen online items, three extracted factors explained 69% of the total variance and loadings were above the 0.7 threshold. These factors correspond to the three broad constructs identified above. Given these dimensions and the latent construct (learning), Structural Equation Modeling techniques were applied to confirm the ILM.
The ELM is introduced to encourage designers of Web-based instruction to engineer appropriate knowledge acquisition strategies and to practice opportunities and appropriate assessment methods that are theoretically driven and constructively aligned in an open learning environment. Such Web-designs open new doors to faculty, administrators, employers, and learners. They help to explain why participants learn meaningfully and what might enable them to create knowledge.
Books on the topic "Fully integrated model"
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Pepin, Gerard R. Full service ISDN Satellite (FSIS) network model for advanced ISDN satellite design and experiments: Task completion report NASA SCAR contract NASW-4520, 13 Sep 1990. Chantilly, Va: GTE Government Systems, 1992.
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Cookey, Peter Emmanuel, Thammarat Koottatep, Walter Thomas Gibson, and Chongrak Polprasert. Integrated Functional Sanitation Value Chain. IWA Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/9781789061840.
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Abstract The value chain (VC) system is a key way to address important sanitation technological and institutional gaps in production and service delivery and could constitute a natural platform for development actions and also serve as a market systems approach to improve access to safely-managed sanitation. It has been suggested that sanitation could boost local and national economies and global interconnections with a growing recognition that the private sector can play a bigger role in delivering the Sustainable Development Goal for sanitation, and help businesses understand value-added and product opportunities. This book proposes a pathway towards re-thinking the sanitation value chain (SVC) and suggests that it should cover all processes, activities and products of enterprises/actors in the sanitation supply chain that provide value-added services within each stage. Following the Regenerative Sanitation Principles, this book presents a new perspective to the SVC known as the ‘integrated functional sanitation value chain’ (IFSVC) to address operational functions within sanitation systems in combination with sanitation enterprises, operators and external actors that support the growth of the sanitation economy. The underlying premise of this book is that the IFSVC represents a new perspective that would have major social, environmental and economic implications for local, national, regional and global sanitation service delivery. It is hoped that researchers, business leaders, entrepreneurs, government officials and funders will find this book valuable, and be inspired and enabled to carry sanitation work forward in their own spheres of operation. The book gives several examples of encouraging developments, particularly in technical and business model innovation. It is our hope that this book will provide the stimulus for new learning and its application, particularly through cross-disciplinary and cross-sector partnerships that bring together all the skills and capabilities needed to deliver a fully effective IFSVC. ISBN: 9781789061833 (print) ISBN: 9781789061840 (eBook) ISBN: 9781789061857 (ePUB)
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Feinstein, Robert, Joseph Connelly, and Marilyn Feinstein, eds. Integrating Behavioral Health and Primary Care. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190276201.001.0001.
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This book describes real-world examples and practical approaches for integrating behavioral and physical health services in primary care and some specialty medical environments. Integrated care models are patient-centered; delivered by teams of medical professionals, utilize care coordination, and a population-based approach. This book is comfortably accessible to students, residents, faculty, and all mental health professionals, primary care and medical specialists who are working in ambulatory/office-based practices. We examine the integrated care literature and recommend applying collaborative care and other existing models of integrated care based on the existing evidence-based research. When there is no literature supporting a specific approach, our experts offer their ideas and take an aspirational approach about how to manage and treat specific behavioral disorder or problems. We assume the use of a fully integrated team staffing model while also recognizing this an ideal that may need modification based on local resources and practice cultures. The full integrated team includes a primary care or specialist provider(s), front desk staff, medical assistant(s), nurse(s), nurse practitioners, behavioral health specialist(s), health coaches, consulting psychiatrist, and care coordinator(s)/manager(s). The book has four sections: Part 1: Models of Integrated Care provides an overview of the principles and the framework of integrated care focusing on five highly successful integrated practices. We also discuss team-based care, financing, tele-behavioral health, and use of mental health assessments and outcome measures. Part 2: Integrative Care for Psychiatry and Primary Care is a review of existing and proposed models of integrated care for common psychiatric disorders. Our continuity approach emphasizes problem identification, differential diagnosis, brief treatment, and yearlong critical pathways with tables and figures detailing “how to” effectively deliver mental health care and manage substance misuse in an integrated care environment. Part 3: Integrated Care for Medical Sub-Specialties & Behavioral Medicine Conditions in Primary Care focuses on two models of integrating behavioral health care: (1) integrating wellness with behavioral health and (2) integrating psychiatry and neurology. Other chapters are “Women’s Mental Health Across the Reproductive Lifespan,” “Assessing and Treating Sexual Problems in an Integrated Care Environment,” “Integrated Chronic Pain and Psychiatric Management,” and “Death and Dying: Integrated Teams.” Part 4: Psychosocial Treatments in Integrated Care describes brief office-based counseling and psychosocial treatment approaches including: health coaching, crisis intervention, family, and group interventions. All of these brief treatment approaches are patient–centered, tailored to be used effectively integrated care settings and as an important contribution to population management.
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Craigo-Snell, Shannon. The Prophets and Theology. Edited by Carolyn J. Sharp. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199859559.013.32.
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Prophetic literature offers instruction in religious affections. The term “religious affections” refers to fully integrated beliefs, emotions, and intentions. Formed through practices over time, religious affections are steadfast rather than volatile. Finally, religious affections are formed in relationship with God and community, such that they constantly reference God. Religious affections—integrated, steadfast, and Godward—are vital to whole-personed Christian faith. However, contemporary culture in the United States inculcates disintegrated, malleable emotions that are easily swayed by consumerist advertising or simply overwhelmed by the constant onslaught of stimuli. The words of the prophets present a bimodal pedagogy of affections. Participating in the pathos of God, the prophets shatter apathy. Announcing the judgment of God, the prophets reject malformed affections that are fickle or idolatrous. In the same movements of participation and judgment, the prophets model well-formed religious affections that are integrated, steadfast, and Godward.
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Salguero-Gomez, Roberto, and Marlène Gamelon, eds. Demographic Methods across the Tree of Life. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198838609.001.0001.
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Demography is everywhere in our lives: from birth to death. Demography shapes our daily decisions, as well as the decisions that others make on us (e.g. bank loans, retirement age). Demography is everywhere across the Tree of Life. The universal currencies of demography—survival, development, reproduction, and recruitment—shape the performance of all species, from lions to dandelions. The omnipresence of demography in all things alive and dead, and its multiple applications to better understand the ecology, evolution, and conservation/management of species, allows us to—in principle—apply the wide array of quantitative methods to, for example, bacteria or humans. However, demographic methods to date have remained taxonomically siloed, despite the fact that, to a large extent, they are widely applicable across the Tree of Life. In this book, we walk nonexperts through the ABCs of data collection, model construction, analyses, and interpretation across a wide repertoire of demographic artillery. This book introduces the reader to some of the demographic methods, including abundance-based models, life tables, matrix population models, integral projection models, integrated population models, and individual based models, to mention a few. Through the careful integration of data collection methods, analytical approaches, and applications, clearly guided through fully reproducible R scripts, we provide a state-of-the-art thorough representation of many of the most popular tools that any demographer (or demographically inclined mind) should equip themselves with.
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Lattman, Eaton E., Thomas D. Grant, and Edward H. Snell. Pushing the Envelope. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199670871.003.0014.
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Direct electron density determination from SAXS data opens up new opportunities. The ability to model density at high resolution and the implicit direct estimation of solvent terms such as the hydration shell may enable high-resolution wide angle scattering data to be used to calculate density when combined with additional structural information. Other diffraction methods that do not measure three-dimensional intensities, such as fiber diffraction, may also be able to take advantage of iterative structure factor retrieval. While the ability to reconstruct electron density ab initio is a major breakthrough in the field of solution scattering, the potential of the technique has yet to be fully uncovered. Additional structural information from techniques such as crystallography, NMR, and electron microscopy and density modification procedures can now be integrated to perform advanced modeling of the electron density function at high resolution, pushing the boundaries of solution scattering further than ever before.
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Stephens, Darryl, ed. Bivocational and Beyond: Educating for Thriving Multivocational Ministry. Atla Open Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31046/atlaopenpress.82.
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Bivocational and Beyond provides a wide range of perspectives on faith, leadership, and learning to equip pastors and theological educators for a future in which multivocational ministry may become the norm. Bivocational ministry— also called multivocational, covocational, dual career, partially funded, non-stipendiary, or tentmaking ministry—is a topic of increasing relevance to congregational vitality and the future of the church in North America. The rise of the “gig economy,” a blurring of traditional notions of sacred and secular, and missional innovation at the end of modern Christendom present challenges to received models of church and theological education. Bivocational pastors are being challenged to integrate diverse expressions of their calling, balance personal and professional obligations, overcome stigma, and achieve financial stability. Bivocational congregations are being challenged to adapt to new leadership styles and expectations of clergy and laity alike. Theological educators, including theological librarians, are also being challenged to adapt. Degree programs designed for full-time students preparing for fully funded pastoral ministry must be reassessed in light of multivocational realities. This book addresses these challenges as an opportunity for theological education and the church. Theological librarians and educators can guide congregational leaders to imagine the church in ways that transcend the “standard” model of a fully funded, professionally trained pastor of a single congregation. Contributors include researchers, reflective practitioners, denominational leaders, and theological educators. Appropriate to its subject matter, this book is written for multiple audiences: students and pastors as well as those who educate them, theological educators and librarians.
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Saks, Alan M. Job Search and the School-to-Work Transition. Edited by Ute-Christine Klehe and Edwin van Hooft. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199764921.013.008.
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The school-to-work transition (STWT) is a major life event for those who must leave behind their lives as full-time students and begin new lives as a full-time employees. Although much has been written about the STWT, the role and importance of job search has often been neglected. At the same time, research on job search has tended to treat the job-search process as an independent and isolated activity. In this chapter, I describe an integrated model of job search within the context of the STWT. It shows that job search is preceded by a career-planning and development stage and followed by a work-adjustment stage. A successful STWT requires students to engage in a number of behaviors at each stage which should result in numerous outcomes that are necessary for a successful transition to the next stage. The model shows that job search is a critical part of the STWT that connects the career-planning and development stage to the work-adjustment stage. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the implications of the model for job search and STWT research and practice.
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Winkler, Carol, and Kareem El Damanhoury. Proto-State Media Systems. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197568026.001.0001.
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Proto-State Media Systems explores how militant, non-state organizations create, develop, and sustain media systems in the contemporary environment. It challenges generalized applications of dominant state-based media system models by revealing how such approaches lack full explanatory power for assessing the structures and functions of media systems of groups like al-Qaeda and ISIS. Utilizing theories of constitutive discourse and online networks, as well as revised conceptualizations of proto-states and media systems, the book explores how militant proto-states can create identity-based media systems capable of attracting and sustaining online and offline loyalties. Proto-State Media Systems begins by tracing the structural evolution of the media operations of al-Qaeda over a thirty-year period and of ISIS since it emerged around the turn of the century. It then mines recurrent transhistorical and transpatial referent points in al-Qaeda and ISIS’s Arabic and English media products to identify insightful, embedded criteria for evaluating proto-state media systems. It then identifies events—both material and symbolic—associated with heightened interest levels by online users and traditional media outlets, and explores how patterned uses of multimodal appeals function to sustain viewer interest over time. It concludes by providing an integrated model for comparing proto-state media systems.
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Harney, Kristin. Integrating Music Across the Elementary Curriculum. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190085582.001.0001.
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This book is designed to support K–5 classroom teachers as they integrate music throughout the elementary curriculum. It contains detailed, practical ideas and examples, including full lesson plans and over a hundred teaching ideas and strategies for integrating music with visual art, language arts, social studies, science, and mathematics. Following an overview of the interdisciplinary approach, the remaining chapters explore connections between music and other areas of the elementary curriculum. Each chapter also includes a section addressing national standards with tables showing the specific standards that are included in each lesson and activity. This text utilizes the most recent National Core Arts Standards (2015) as well as the most recent standards in language arts, social studies, science, and mathematics. All the lessons in this book are designed to be fully taught by classroom teachers; the content is accessible to those who lack formal music training, yet is solidly rooted in research and best practices. While classroom teachers can teach these lessons on their own, this book may facilitate partnerships and collaboration between classroom teachers and music specialists. All the lessons and activities included in this text have been reviewed by practicing teachers, and most have been field-tested in elementary classrooms. Throughout the book, there is an emphasis on interdisciplinary lessons that demonstrate valid connections between disciplines while maintaining the integrity of each discipline involved. The text also includes a model that allows teachers to successfully create their own interdisciplinary lessons.
Book chapters on the topic "Fully integrated model"
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Matthes, Florian, Rainer Müller, and Joachim W. Schmidt. "Towards a Unified Model of Untyped Object Stores: Experience with the Tycoon Store Protocol." In Fully Integrated Data Environments, 431–33. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59623-0_31.
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Powell, Alan A., and Christopher W. Murphy. "MM2 — A Fully Integrated Macro-CGE Model." In Inside a Modern Macroeconometric Model, 403–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59069-6_28.
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Mabrouk, Patricia Ann. "Bioanalytical Chemistry: Model for a Fully Integrated Problem-Based Learning Approach." In ACS Symposium Series, 69–86. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2007-0970.ch006.
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Wens, Mike, and Michiel Steyaert. "A Mathematical Model: Boost and Buck Converter." In Design and Implementation of Fully-Integrated Inductive DC-DC Converters in Standard CMOS, 123–68. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1436-6_4.
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Frandsen, Annette B. "A Tuned Liquid Damper Model." In IUTAM Symposium on Integrated Modeling of Fully Coupled Fluid Structure Interactions Using Analysis, Computations and Experiments, 329. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0995-9_23.
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Schmidt, Joachim W., and Florian Matthes. "Lean Languages and Models: Towards an Interoperable Kernel for Persistent Object Systems." In Fully Integrated Data Environments, 623–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59623-0_55.
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Wu, Jiaming, Linfabao Dai, Guangqiao Xue, and Jian Chen. "Theory and Technology of Digital Twin Model for Geotechnical Engineering." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 403–11. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1260-3_37.
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AbstractAs an innovative information technology, Digital Twin has greatly promoted the development of intelligent manufacturing in the industry. However, in the field of geotechnical engineering, there are still few researches on this aspect, which is still a “new territory” and “no man's land”. The concept of digital twin coincides with the needs of geotechnical engineering informatization, so the introduction of digital twin technology into the field of geotechnical engineering will help to promote the development process of geotechnical engineering informatization and digitization. This paper puts forward and defines the digital twin model of geotechnical engineering, describes the connotation of the digital twin model, and studies the architecture of the digital twin model of geotechnical engineering. On this basis, the integration and sharing mechanism of geotechnical engineering digital twin data based on BIM technology is proposed. In order to break through the defect that the geotechnical engineering information model has not fully played its role for a long time, an integrated model of geological body and structural body is constructed based on the construction and integration module of geotechnical digital twin model. Furthermore, the geotechnical engineering digital twin simulation analysis module is developed to initially form the geotechnical engineering digital twin model, so as to realize the geotechnical engineering digital design, collaborative construction, visual decision-making and transparent management.
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Birtwistle, Tim, and Robert Wagenaar. "Re-Thinking an Educational Model Suitable for 21st Century Needs." In European Higher Education Area: Challenges for a New Decade, 465–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56316-5_29.
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Abstract How should learning in higher education best meet the challenges posed by the many changes in society and employment? If graduates are knowledgeable in a particular field of studies and are trained in key generic competences/transferable skills to allow for autonomy and responsibility, is that enough? Is it being achieved? Or are new and diverse sets of learning models (Lifelong Learning or the 60 Year Curriculum) needed? Learners must be empowered to operate as responsible and active citizens in their society and be successful participants in a dynamic labour market. Society will require continuous (re-)training to handle rapid technological and societal changes. To stay relevant as autonomous educational providers, higher education institutions will have to change their formats of learning and teaching. A revised higher education model demands a highly flexible format to cater for individualised learning pathways, based on three key components: (1) a particular field of studies (thematic or disciplinary)—the core—(2) a fully integrated set of transferable skills and (3) a large set of learning units of various sizes covering a flexible curriculum. Can it respond to five societal challenges in each component: interculturalism; processes of information and communication; processes of governance and decision making; ethics, norms, values and professional standards and the impact of climate change? Measuring and Comparing Achievements of Learning Outcomes in Higher Education in Europe (CALOHEE), an EU funded project envisages a new model. The paper will partly be based on the (initial) findings of this project. International cooperation in the context of the EHEA is essential to engage all, and make a change.
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Guevara, Ivan, Hafiz Ahmad Awais Chaudhary, and Tiziana Margaria. "Model-Driven Edge Analytics: Practical Use Cases in Smart Manufacturing." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 406–21. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19762-8_29.
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AbstractIn the Internet of Things (IoT) era, devices and systems generate enormous amounts of real-time data, and demand real-time analytics in an uninterrupted manner. The typical solution, a cloud-centred architecture providing an analytics service, cannot guarantee real-time responsiveness because of unpredictable workloads and network congestion. Recently, edge computing has been proposed as a solution to reduce latency in critical systems. For computation processing and analytics on edge, the challenges include handling the heterogeneity of devices and data, and achieving processing on the edge in order to reduce the amount of data transmitted over the network.In this paper, we show how low-code, model-driven approaches benefit a Digital Platform for Edge analytics. The first solution uses EdgeX, an IIoT framework for supporting heterogeneous architectures with the eKuiper rule-based engine. The engine schedules fully automatically tasks that retrieve data from the Edge, as the infrastructure near the data is generated, allowing us to create a continuous flow of information. The second solution uses FiWARE, an IIoT framework used in industry, using IoT agents to accomplish a pipeline for edge analytics. In our architecture, based on the DIME LC/NC Integrated Modelling Environment, both integrations of EdgeX/eKuyper and FiWARE happen by adding an External Native DSL to this Digital Platform. The DSL comprises a family of reusable Service-Independent Building blocks (SIBs), which are the essential modelling entities and (service) execution capabilities in the architecture’s modelling layer. They provide users with capabilities to connect, control and organise devices and components, and develop custom workflows in a simple drag and drop manner.
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Lochegnies, D., and J. Oudin. "Fully Integrated Finite Element Models in the Design and Manufacture of Glass Products." In Integrated Design and Manufacturing in Mechanical Engineering, 153–62. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5588-5_16.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Fully integrated model"
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Kim, Jiman, Jinwoo Jung, Bomin Kwon, Juhong Park, Namtae Kim, Yongsu Park, Jewon Lee, and Hanjung Song. "Fully integrated circuit design Aihara's chaotic neuron model." In 2010 IEEE 3rd International Nanoelectronics Conference (INEC). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/inec.2010.5424672.
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Myers, Tim, Metron Aviation, David Kierstead, and Daniel H. Wagner. "A fully-dynamic network flow model of the NAS." In 2011 Integrated Communication, Navigation, Surveillance Conference (ICNS). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icnsurv.2011.5935279.
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Shaltout, Ahmed H., Mark Lipski, and Stefano Gregori. "Efficiency Model of Fully-Integrated Boost DC-DC Converters." In 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2018.8351069.
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Gurney, P. C. R. "Fully self-consistent model of an integratable buried-heterostructure InP/InGaAsP laser diode." In Integrated Optoelectronics for Communication and Processing. SPIE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2321808.
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Gonzalez, Franklin Eduardo, Alan Keith Lucas, Lucio Guido Pietro Bertoldi, Balraj Singh Grewal, Ken Shah, Graham Allen Paterson, Charles Chinedu Okafor, and Nelson Jose Rodriguez. "A Fully Compositional Integrated Asset Model for a Gas - Condensate Field." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/134141-ms.
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DePasquale, Dominic, and A. C. Charania. "I-RaCM: A Fully Integrated Risk and Life Cycle Cost Model." In AIAA SPACE 2008 Conference & Exposition. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2008-7703.
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Epelbaum, Greg, and Hanwei Zhang. "New Development in EfW Boiler Process Modeling: Fully Integrated CFD Model." In 15th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec15-3206.
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This paper focuses on a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) application to Energy-from-Waste (EfW) boiler systems, which are much smaller than utility boilers, but typically have more complicated design and performance issues due to the nature of their fuel: municipal solid waste (MSW). The majority of the commercially available CFD software packages have impressive capabilities in homogeneous flow modeling, which make them very suitable for gas fired boilers and with some reasonable simplifications to oil and pulverized coal fired boilers. But this is not the case for EfW boilers, especially mass-burn technology, where MSW combustion on the grate is the “heart” of the process. These boilers have two interacting phases: MSW burning on the grate and combustion products with entrained fly ash particles above the grate. This challenge has been recognized from the very first applications of CFD modeling in the EfW industry. This paper describes several approaches to numeric modeling of MSW boilers. In the most successful cases, two different models have been built: one for the grate combustion and another for the homogeneous gas flow, with back-and-forth iterations between these two models. Such an approach has given Covanta Energy (Covanta) a good start in its CFD modeling program. A number of models have been built, tested and validated, resulting in several successful project executions. However, some serious limitations have been found in this approach as explained in this paper. Recognizing these deficiencies, Covanta has recently made a new significant step in its CFD development program by creating an innovative, fully integrated CFD model that comprises solid fuel combustion on the grate, gaseous phase interactions above the grate, and the rest of the boiler. While this integrated model and its validation are still in progress, Covanta is moving forward on its application to on-going projects.
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Yesayan, Ashkhen, and Fabien Pregaldiny. "A fully explicit static model for DG JLFET valid in all modes of operation." In 2014 21st International Conference "Mixed Design of Integrated Circuits & Systems" (MIXDES). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mixdes.2014.6872150.
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Govindan, Srinivasan, Krishna Bharath, Dipanjan Gope, and Srikrishnan Venkataraman. "Method to Model Vccin Feedthrough Noise in Multi-Domain Fully Integrated Voltage Regulators." In 2018 IEEE 27th Conference on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging and Systems (EPEPS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/epeps.2018.8534206.
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Castelli, Giordana, Gabriella Tognola, Emilio Fortunato Campana, Amedeo Cesta, Matteo Diez, Marco Padula, Paolo Ravazzani, et al. "Urban Intelligence: a Modular, Fully Integrated, and Evolving Model for Cities Digital Twinning." In 2019 IEEE 16th International Conference on Smart Cities: Improving Quality of Life Using ICT & IoT and AI (HONET-ICT). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/honet.2019.8907962.
Full textReports on the topic "Fully integrated model"
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Frey, S. K., O. Khader, A. Taylor, A. R. Erler, D R Lapen, E. A. Sudicky, S J Berg, and H. A. J. Russell. A fully integrated groundwater-surface-water model for southern Ontario. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/321108.
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Frey, S. K., O. Khader, A. Taylor, A. R. Erler, D R Lapen, E. A. Sudicky, S J Berg, and H. A. J. Russell. A fully integrated groundwater-surface-water model for southern Ontario: proof-of-concept and data release. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/321042.
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Atkinson, Dan, and Alex Hale, eds. From Source to Sea: ScARF Marine and Maritime Panel Report. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.126.
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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under four headings: 1. From Source to Sea: River systems, from their source to the sea and beyond, should form the focus for research projects, allowing the integration of all archaeological work carried out along their course. Future research should take a holistic view of the marine and maritime historic environment, from inland lakes that feed freshwater river routes, to tidal estuaries and out to the open sea. This view of the landscape/seascape encompasses a very broad range of archaeology and enables connections to be made without the restrictions of geographical or political boundaries. Research strategies, programmes From Source to Sea: ScARF Marine and Maritime Panel Report iii and projects can adopt this approach at multiple levels; from national to site-specific, with the aim of remaining holistic and cross-cutting. 2. Submerged Landscapes: The rising research profile of submerged landscapes has recently been embodied into a European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action; Submerged Prehistoric Archaeology and Landscapes of the Continental Shelf (SPLASHCOS), with exciting proposals for future research. Future work needs to be integrated with wider initiatives such as this on an international scale. Recent projects have begun to demonstrate the research potential for submerged landscapes in and beyond Scotland, as well as the need to collaborate with industrial partners, in order that commercially-created datasets can be accessed and used. More data is required in order to fully model the changing coastline around Scotland and develop predictive models of site survival. Such work is crucial to understanding life in early prehistoric Scotland, and how the earliest communities responded to a changing environment. 3. Marine & Maritime Historic Landscapes: Scotland’s coastal and intertidal zones and maritime hinterland encompass in-shore islands, trans-continental shipping lanes, ports and harbours, and transport infrastructure to intertidal fish-traps, and define understanding and conceptualisation of the liminal zone between the land and the sea. Due to the pervasive nature of the Marine and Maritime historic landscape, a holistic approach should be taken that incorporates evidence from a variety of sources including commercial and research archaeology, local and national societies, off-shore and onshore commercial development; and including studies derived from, but not limited to history, ethnology, cultural studies, folklore and architecture and involving a wide range of recording techniques ranging from photography, laser imaging, and sonar survey through to more orthodox drawn survey and excavation. 4. Collaboration: As is implicit in all the above, multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross-sector approaches are essential in order to ensure the capacity to meet the research challenges of the marine and maritime historic environment. There is a need for collaboration across the heritage sector and beyond, into specific areas of industry, science and the arts. Methods of communication amongst the constituent research individuals, institutions and networks should be developed, and dissemination of research results promoted. The formation of research communities, especially virtual centres of excellence, should be encouraged in order to build capacity.
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Wilson, Charles, and Edo Chalutz. Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Citrus and Deciduous Fruit. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1991.7603518.bard.
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The objectives of this research were to develop control measures of postharvest diseases of citrus and deciduous fruits by using naturally-occurring, non-antibiotic-producing antagonists; study the mode of action of effective antagonists and optimize their application methods. Several antagonists were found against a variety of diseases of fruits and vegetables. One particularly effective yeast antagonist (US-7) was chosen for more in-depth studies. This antagonist outcompetes rot pathogens at the wound site for nutrients and space; it is better adapted than the pathogen to extreme environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity and osmotic changes, and is relatively resistant to common postharvest fungicides. Our data suggests that other modes of action may also be involved. These are induction of host resistance by the antagonists or its products, and direct interaction between the antagonists and the pathogen with the possible involvement of an extracellular material and/or cell wall degrading enzymes produced by the antagonist. However, these interactions were not fully elucidated. The antagonistic activity of US-7 and other biocontrol agents isolated, was enhanced by calcium salts. While the mode of action is not known, the addition of these salts had a significant effect both in laboratory experiments and in large-scale tests. Compatibility of the yeast antagonist with present packinghouse treatments and procedures was determined. An integrated control procedure was developed, utilizing the antagonists together with ultra-low dosages of fungicides and activity-enhancing additives. This cooperative research resulted in numerous publications describing the antagonistic agents. their mode of action and possible commercial application. Patents were developed from this research and a commercial company is pursuing the licensing of these patents and the testing of the procedure on a commercial scale. Our research findings have expanded the potential for using non-antibiotic-producing antagonistic microorganisms in the control of postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables; thus meeting a critical need to find alternatives to the use of synthetic fungicides on food products.
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Milek, Karen, and Richard Jones, eds. Science in Scottish Archaeology: ScARF Panel Report. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.193.
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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under four key headings: High quality, high impact research: the importance of archaeological science is reflected in work that explores issues connected to important contemporary topics, including: the demography of, the nature of movement of, and contact between peoples; societal resilience; living on the Atlantic edge of Europe; and coping with environmental and climatic change. A series of large-scale and integrated archaeological science projects are required to stimulate research into these important topics. To engage fully with Science in Scottish Archaeology iv these questions data of sufficient richness is required that is accessible, both within Scotland and internationally. The RCAHMS’ database Canmore provides a model for digital dissemination that should be built on. Integration: Archaeological science should be involved early in the process of archaeological investigation and as a matter of routine. Resultant data needs to be securely stored, made accessible and the research results widely disseminated. Sources of advice and its communication must be developed and promoted to support work in the commercial, academic, research, governmental and 3rd sectors. Knowledge exchange and transfer: knowledge, data and skills need to be routinely transferred and embedded across the archaeological sector. This will enable the archaeological science community to better work together, establishing routes of communication and improving infrastructure. Improvements should be made to communication between different groups including peers, press and the wider public. Mechanisms exist to enable the wider community to engage with, and to feed into, the development of the archaeological and scientific database and to engage with current debates. Projects involving the wider community in data generation should be encouraged and opportunities for public engagement should be pursued through, for example, National Science Week and Scottish Archaeology Month. Networks and forums: A network of specialists should be promoted to aid collaboration, provide access to the best advice, and raise awareness of current work. This would be complemented by creating a series inter-disciplinary working groups, to discuss and articulate archaeological science issues. An online service to match people (i.e. specialist or student) to material (whether e.g. environmental sample, artefactual assemblage, or skeletal assemblage) is also recommended. An annual meeting should also be held at which researchers would be able to promote current and future work, and draw attention to materials available for analysis, and to specialists/students looking to work on particular assemblages or projects. Such meetings could be rolled into a suitable public outreach event.
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de Kemp, E. A., H. A. J. Russell, B. Brodaric, D. B. Snyder, M. J. Hillier, M. St-Onge, C. Harrison, et al. Initiating transformative geoscience practice at the Geological Survey of Canada: Canada in 3D. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331097.
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Application of 3D technologies to the wide range of Geosciences knowledge domains is well underway. These have been operationalized in workflows of the hydrocarbon sector for a half-century, and now in mining for over two decades. In Geosciences, algorithms, structured workflows and data integration strategies can support compelling Earth models, however challenges remain to meet the standards of geological plausibility required for most geoscientific studies. There is also missing links in the institutional information infrastructure supporting operational multi-scale 3D data and model development. Canada in 3D (C3D) is a vision and road map for transforming the Geological Survey of Canada's (GSC) work practice by leveraging emerging 3D technologies. Primarily the transformation from 2D geological mapping, to a well-structured 3D modelling practice that is both data-driven and knowledge-driven. It is tempting to imagine that advanced 3D computational methods, coupled with Artificial Intelligence and Big Data tools will automate the bulk of this process. To effectively apply these methods there is a need, however, for data to be in a well-organized, classified, georeferenced (3D) format embedded with key information, such as spatial-temporal relations, and earth process knowledge. Another key challenge for C3D is the relative infancy of 3D geoscience technologies for geological inference and 3D modelling using sparse and heterogeneous regional geoscience information, while preserving the insights and expertise of geoscientists maintaining scientific integrity of digital products. In most geological surveys, there remains considerable educational and operational challenges to achieve this balance of digital automation and expert knowledge. Emerging from the last two decades of research are more efficient workflows, transitioning from cumbersome, explicit (manual) to reproducible implicit semi-automated methods. They are characterized by integrated and iterative, forward and reverse geophysical modelling, coupled with stratigraphic and structural approaches. The full impact of research and development with these 3D tools, geophysical-geological integration and simulation approaches is perhaps unpredictable, but the expectation is that they will produce predictive, instructive models of Canada's geology that will be used to educate, prioritize and influence sustainable policy for stewarding our natural resources. On the horizon are 3D geological modelling methods spanning the gulf between local and frontier or green-fields, as well as deep crustal characterization. These are key components of mineral systems understanding, integrated and coupled hydrological modelling and energy transition applications, e.g. carbon sequestration, in-situ hydrogen mining, and geothermal exploration. Presented are some case study examples at a range of scales from our efforts in C3D.
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Piercey, S. J., and J. L. Pilote. Nd-Hf isotope geochemistry and lithogeochemistry of the Rambler Rhyolite, Ming VMS deposit, Baie Verte Peninsula, Newfoundland: evidence for slab melting and implications for VMS localization. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328988.
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New high precision lithogeochemistry and Nd and Hf isotopic data were collected on felsic rocks of the Rambler Rhyolite formation from the Ming volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) deposit, Baie Verte Peninsula, Newfoundland. The Rambler Rhyolite formation consists of intermediate to felsic volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks with U-shaped primitive mantle normalized trace element patterns with negative Nb anomalies, light rare earth element-enrichment (high La/Sm), and distinctively positive Zr and Hf anomalies relative to surrounding middle rare earth elements (high Zr-Hf/Sm). The Rambler Rhyolite samples have epsilon-Ndt = -2.5 to -1.1 and epsilon-Hft = +3.6 to +6.6; depleted mantle model ages are TDM(Nd) = 1.3-1.5 Ga and TDM(Hf) = 0.9-1.1Ga. The decoupling of the Nd and Hf isotopic data is reflected in epsilon-Hft isotopic data that lies above the mantle array in epsilon-Ndt -epsilon-Hft space with positive ?epsilon-Hft values (+2.3 to +6.2). These Hf-Nd isotopic attributes, and high Zr-Hf/Sm and U-shaped trace element patterns, are consistent with these rocks having formed as slab melts, consistent with previous studies. The association of these slab melt rocks with Au-bearing VMS mineralization, and their FI-FII trace element signatures that are similar to rhyolites in Au-rich VMS deposits in other belts (e.g., Abitibi), suggests that assuming that FI-FII felsic rocks are less prospective is invalid and highlights the importance of having an integrated, full understanding of the tectono-magmatic history of a given belt before assigning whether or not it is prospective for VMS mineralization.
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McKenna, Patrick, and Mark Evans. Emergency Relief and complex service delivery: Towards better outcomes. Queensland University of Technology, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.211133.
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Emergency Relief (ER) is a Department of Social Services (DSS) funded program, delivered by 197 community organisations (ER Providers) across Australia, to assist people facing a financial crisis with financial/material aid and referrals to other support programs. ER has been playing this important role in Australian communities since 1979. Without ER, more people living in Australia who experience a financial crisis might face further harm such as crippling debt or homelessness. The Emergency Relief National Coordination Group (NCG) was established in April 2020 at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic to advise the Minister for Families and Social Services on the implementation of ER. To inform its advice to the Minister, the NCG partnered with the Institute for Governance at the University of Canberra to conduct research to understand the issues and challenges faced by ER Providers and Service Users in local contexts across Australia. The research involved a desktop review of the existing literature on ER service provision, a large survey which all Commonwealth ER Providers were invited to participate in (and 122 responses were received), interviews with a purposive sample of 18 ER Providers, and the development of a program logic and theory of change for the Commonwealth ER program to assess progress. The surveys and interviews focussed on ER Provider perceptions of the strengths, weaknesses, future challenges, and areas of improvement for current ER provision. The trend of increasing case complexity, the effectiveness of ER service delivery models in achieving outcomes for Service Users, and the significance of volunteering in the sector were investigated. Separately, an evaluation of the performance of the NCG was conducted and a summary of the evaluation is provided as an appendix to this report. Several themes emerged from the review of the existing literature such as service delivery shortcomings in dealing with case complexity, the effectiveness of case management, and repeat requests for service. Interviews with ER workers and Service Users found that an uplift in workforce capability was required to deal with increasing case complexity, leading to recommendations for more training and service standards. Several service evaluations found that ER delivered with case management led to high Service User satisfaction, played an integral role in transforming the lives of people with complex needs, and lowered repeat requests for service. A large longitudinal quantitative study revealed that more time spent with participants substantially decreased the number of repeat requests for service; and, given that repeat requests for service can be an indicator of entrenched poverty, not accessing further services is likely to suggest improvement. The interviews identified the main strengths of ER to be the rapid response and flexible use of funds to stabilise crisis situations and connect people to other supports through strong local networks. Service Users trusted the system because of these strengths, and ER was often an access point to holistic support. There were three main weaknesses identified. First, funding contracts were too short and did not cover the full costs of the program—in particular, case management for complex cases. Second, many Service Users were dependent on ER which was inconsistent with the definition and intent of the program. Third, there was inconsistency in the level of service received by Service Users in different geographic locations. These weaknesses can be improved upon with a joined-up approach featuring co-design and collaborative governance, leading to the successful commissioning of social services. The survey confirmed that volunteers were significant for ER, making up 92% of all workers and 51% of all hours worked in respondent ER programs. Of the 122 respondents, volunteers amounted to 554 full-time equivalents, a contribution valued at $39.4 million. In total there were 8,316 volunteers working in the 122 respondent ER programs. The sector can support and upskill these volunteers (and employees in addition) by developing scalable training solutions such as online training modules, updating ER service standards, and engaging in collaborative learning arrangements where large and small ER Providers share resources. More engagement with peak bodies such as Volunteering Australia might also assist the sector to improve the focus on volunteer engagement. Integrated services achieve better outcomes for complex ER cases—97% of survey respondents either agreed or strongly agreed this was the case. The research identified the dimensions of service integration most relevant to ER Providers to be case management, referrals, the breadth of services offered internally, co-location with interrelated service providers, an established network of support, workforce capability, and Service User engagement. Providers can individually focus on increasing the level of service integration for their ER program to improve their ability to deal with complex cases, which are clearly on the rise. At the system level, a more joined-up approach can also improve service integration across Australia. The key dimensions of this finding are discussed next in more detail. Case management is key for achieving Service User outcomes for complex cases—89% of survey respondents either agreed or strongly agreed this was the case. Interviewees most frequently said they would provide more case management if they could change their service model. Case management allows for more time spent with the Service User, follow up with referral partners, and a higher level of expertise in service delivery to support complex cases. Of course, it is a costly model and not currently funded for all Service Users through ER. Where case management is not available as part of ER, it might be available through a related service that is part of a network of support. Where possible, ER Providers should facilitate access to case management for Service Users who would benefit. At a system level, ER models with a greater component of case management could be implemented as test cases. Referral systems are also key for achieving Service User outcomes, which is reflected in the ER Program Logic presented on page 31. The survey and interview data show that referrals within an integrated service (internal) or in a service hub (co-located) are most effective. Where this is not possible, warm referrals within a trusted network of support are more effective than cold referrals leading to higher take-up and beneficial Service User outcomes. However, cold referrals are most common, pointing to a weakness in ER referral systems. This is because ER Providers do not operate or co-locate with interrelated services in many cases, nor do they have the case management capacity to provide warm referrals in many other cases. For mental illness support, which interviewees identified as one of the most difficult issues to deal with, ER Providers offer an integrated service only 23% of the time, warm referrals 34% of the time, and cold referrals 43% of the time. A focus on referral systems at the individual ER Provider level, and system level through a joined-up approach, might lead to better outcomes for Service Users. The program logic and theory of change for ER have been documented with input from the research findings and included in Section 4.3 on page 31. These show that ER helps people facing a financial crisis to meet their immediate needs, avoid further harm, and access a path to recovery. The research demonstrates that ER is fundamental to supporting vulnerable people in Australia and should therefore continue to be funded by government.
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Hillestad, Torgeir Martin. The Metapsychology of Evil: Main Theoretical Perspectives Causes, Consequences and Critique. University of Stavanger, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.224.
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The purpose of this text or dissertation is to throw some basic light on a fundamental problem concerning manhood, namely the question of evil, its main sources, dynamics and importance for human attitudes and behaviour. The perspective behind the analysis itself is that of psychology. Somebody, or many, may feel at bit nervous by the word “evil” itself. It may very well be seen as too connected to religion, myth and even superstition. Yet those who are motivated to lose oneself in the subject retain a deep interest in human destructiveness, malevolence and hate, significant themes pointing at threatening prospects for mankind. The text is organized or divided into four main ordinary chapters, the three first of them organized or divided into continuous and numbered sections. A crucial point or question is of cause how to define evil itself. It can of cause be done both intentional, instrumental and by consequence. Other theorists however have stated that the concept of evil exclusively rests on a myth originated in the Judean-Christian conception of Satan and ultimate evil. This last argument presupposes evil itself as non-existent in the real rational world. It seems however a fact that most people attach certain basic meaning to the concept, mainly that it represents ultimately bad and terrible actions and behaviour directed toward common people for the purpose of bringing upon them ultimate pain and suffer. However, there is no room for essentialism here, meaning that we simply can look “inside” some original matter to get to know what it “really” is. Rather, a phenomenon gets its identity from the constituted meaning operating within a certain human communities and contexts loaded with intentionality and inter-subjective meaning. As mentioned above, the concept of evil can be interpreted both instrumental and intentional, the first being the broadest of them. Here evil stands for behaviour and human deeds having terrifying or fatal consequences for subjects and people or in general, regardless of the intentions behind. The intentional interpretation however, links the concept to certain predispositions, characteristics and even strong motives in subjects, groups and sometimes political systems and nations. I will keep in mind and clear the way for both these perspectives for the discussion in prospect. This essay represents a psychological perspective on evil, but makes it clear that a more or less complete account of such a psychological view also should include a thorough understanding or integration of some basic social and even biological assumptions. However, I consider a social psychological position of significant importance, especially because in my opinion it represents some sort of coordination of knowledge and theoretical perspectives inherent in the subject or problem itself, the main task here being to integrate perspectives of a psychological as well as social and biological kind. Since humans are essential social creatures, the way itself to present knowledge concerning the human condition, must be social of some sort and kind, however not referring to some kind of reductionism where social models of explanation possess or holds monopoly. Social and social psychological perspectives itself represents parts of the whole matter regarding understanding and explanation of human evil. The fact that humans present, or has to represent themselves as humans among other humans, means that basically a social language is required both to explain and describe human manners and ways of being. This then truly represents its own way or, more correctly, level or standard of explanation, which makes social psychology some sort of significant, though not sufficient. More substantial, the vision itself of integrating different ontological and theoretical levels and objects of science for the purpose of manifesting or make real a full-fledged psychological perspective on evil, should be considered or characterized a meta-psychological perspective. The text is partially constructed as a review of existing theories and theorists concerning the matter of evil and logically associated themes such as violence, mass murder, genocide, antisocial behaviour in general, aggression, hate and cruelty. However, the demands of making a theoretical distinction between these themes, although connected, is stressed. Above all, an integral perspective combining different scientific disciplines is aimed at.
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Rankin, Nicole, Deborah McGregor, Candice Donnelly, Bethany Van Dort, Richard De Abreu Lourenco, Anne Cust, and Emily Stone. Lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography for high risk populations: Investigating effectiveness and screening program implementation considerations: An Evidence Check rapid review brokered by the Sax Institute (www.saxinstitute.org.au) for the Cancer Institute NSW. The Sax Institute, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/clzt5093.
Full textAbstract:
Background Lung cancer is the number one cause of cancer death worldwide.(1) It is the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer in Australia (12,741 cases diagnosed in 2018) and the leading cause of cancer death.(2) The number of years of potential life lost to lung cancer in Australia is estimated to be 58,450, similar to that of colorectal and breast cancer combined.(3) While tobacco control strategies are most effective for disease prevention in the general population, early detection via low dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening in high-risk populations is a viable option for detecting asymptomatic disease in current (13%) and former (24%) Australian smokers.(4) The purpose of this Evidence Check review is to identify and analyse existing and emerging evidence for LDCT lung cancer screening in high-risk individuals to guide future program and policy planning. Evidence Check questions This review aimed to address the following questions: 1. What is the evidence for the effectiveness of lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? 2. What is the evidence of potential harms from lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? 3. What are the main components of recent major lung cancer screening programs or trials? 4. What is the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs (include studies of cost–utility)? Summary of methods The authors searched the peer-reviewed literature across three databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Embase) for existing systematic reviews and original studies published between 1 January 2009 and 8 August 2019. Fifteen systematic reviews (of which 8 were contemporary) and 64 original publications met the inclusion criteria set across the four questions. Key findings Question 1: What is the evidence for the effectiveness of lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? There is sufficient evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of combined (pooled) data from screening trials (of high-risk individuals) to indicate that LDCT examination is clinically effective in reducing lung cancer mortality. In 2011, the landmark National Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NLST, a large-scale randomised controlled trial [RCT] conducted in the US) reported a 20% (95% CI 6.8% – 26.7%; P=0.004) relative reduction in mortality among long-term heavy smokers over three rounds of annual screening. High-risk eligibility criteria was defined as people aged 55–74 years with a smoking history of ≥30 pack-years (years in which a smoker has consumed 20-plus cigarettes each day) and, for former smokers, ≥30 pack-years and have quit within the past 15 years.(5) All-cause mortality was reduced by 6.7% (95% CI, 1.2% – 13.6%; P=0.02). Initial data from the second landmark RCT, the NEderlands-Leuvens Longkanker Screenings ONderzoek (known as the NELSON trial), have found an even greater reduction of 26% (95% CI, 9% – 41%) in lung cancer mortality, with full trial results yet to be published.(6, 7) Pooled analyses, including several smaller-scale European LDCT screening trials insufficiently powered in their own right, collectively demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in lung cancer mortality (RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.73–0.91).(8) Despite the reduction in all-cause mortality found in the NLST, pooled analyses of seven trials found no statistically significant difference in all-cause mortality (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.90–1.00).(8) However, cancer-specific mortality is currently the most relevant outcome in cancer screening trials. These seven trials demonstrated a significantly greater proportion of early stage cancers in LDCT groups compared with controls (RR 2.08, 95% CI 1.43–3.03). Thus, when considering results across mortality outcomes and early stage cancers diagnosed, LDCT screening is considered to be clinically effective. Question 2: What is the evidence of potential harms from lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? The harms of LDCT lung cancer screening include false positive tests and the consequences of unnecessary invasive follow-up procedures for conditions that are eventually diagnosed as benign. While LDCT screening leads to an increased frequency of invasive procedures, it does not result in greater mortality soon after an invasive procedure (in trial settings when compared with the control arm).(8) Overdiagnosis, exposure to radiation, psychological distress and an impact on quality of life are other known harms. Systematic review evidence indicates the benefits of LDCT screening are likely to outweigh the harms. The potential harms are likely to be reduced as refinements are made to LDCT screening protocols through: i) the application of risk predication models (e.g. the PLCOm2012), which enable a more accurate selection of the high-risk population through the use of specific criteria (beyond age and smoking history); ii) the use of nodule management algorithms (e.g. Lung-RADS, PanCan), which assist in the diagnostic evaluation of screen-detected nodules and cancers (e.g. more precise volumetric assessment of nodules); and, iii) more judicious selection of patients for invasive procedures. Recent evidence suggests a positive LDCT result may transiently increase psychological distress but does not have long-term adverse effects on psychological distress or health-related quality of life (HRQoL). With regards to smoking cessation, there is no evidence to suggest screening participation invokes a false sense of assurance in smokers, nor a reduction in motivation to quit. The NELSON and Danish trials found no difference in smoking cessation rates between LDCT screening and control groups. Higher net cessation rates, compared with general population, suggest those who participate in screening trials may already be motivated to quit. Question 3: What are the main components of recent major lung cancer screening programs or trials? There are no systematic reviews that capture the main components of recent major lung cancer screening trials and programs. We extracted evidence from original studies and clinical guidance documents and organised this into key groups to form a concise set of components for potential implementation of a national lung cancer screening program in Australia: 1. Identifying the high-risk population: recruitment, eligibility, selection and referral 2. Educating the public, people at high risk and healthcare providers; this includes creating awareness of lung cancer, the benefits and harms of LDCT screening, and shared decision-making 3. Components necessary for health services to deliver a screening program: a. Planning phase: e.g. human resources to coordinate the program, electronic data systems that integrate medical records information and link to an established national registry b. Implementation phase: e.g. human and technological resources required to conduct LDCT examinations, interpretation of reports and communication of results to participants c. Monitoring and evaluation phase: e.g. monitoring outcomes across patients, radiological reporting, compliance with established standards and a quality assurance program 4. Data reporting and research, e.g. audit and feedback to multidisciplinary teams, reporting outcomes to enhance international research into LDCT screening 5. Incorporation of smoking cessation interventions, e.g. specific programs designed for LDCT screening or referral to existing community or hospital-based services that deliver cessation interventions. Most original studies are single-institution evaluations that contain descriptive data about the processes required to establish and implement a high-risk population-based screening program. Across all studies there is a consistent message as to the challenges and complexities of establishing LDCT screening programs to attract people at high risk who will receive the greatest benefits from participation. With regards to smoking cessation, evidence from one systematic review indicates the optimal strategy for incorporating smoking cessation interventions into a LDCT screening program is unclear. There is widespread agreement that LDCT screening attendance presents a ‘teachable moment’ for cessation advice, especially among those people who receive a positive scan result. Smoking cessation is an area of significant research investment; for instance, eight US-based clinical trials are now underway that aim to address how best to design and deliver cessation programs within large-scale LDCT screening programs.(9) Question 4: What is the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs (include studies of cost–utility)? Assessing the value or cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening involves a complex interplay of factors including data on effectiveness and costs, and institutional context. A key input is data about the effectiveness of potential and current screening programs with respect to case detection, and the likely outcomes of treating those cases sooner (in the presence of LDCT screening) as opposed to later (in the absence of LDCT screening). Evidence about the cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening programs has been summarised in two systematic reviews. We identified a further 13 studies—five modelling studies, one discrete choice experiment and seven articles—that used a variety of methods to assess cost-effectiveness. Three modelling studies indicated LDCT screening was cost-effective in the settings of the US and Europe. Two studies—one from Australia and one from New Zealand—reported LDCT screening would not be cost-effective using NLST-like protocols. We anticipate that, following the full publication of the NELSON trial, cost-effectiveness studies will likely be updated with new data that reduce uncertainty about factors that influence modelling outcomes, including the findings of indeterminate nodules. Gaps in the evidence There is a large and accessible body of evidence as to the effectiveness (Q1) and harms (Q2) of LDCT screening for lung cancer. Nevertheless, there are significant gaps in the evidence about the program components that are required to implement an effective LDCT screening program (Q3). Questions about LDCT screening acceptability and feasibility were not explicitly included in the scope. However, as the evidence is based primarily on US programs and UK pilot studies, the relevance to the local setting requires careful consideration. The Queensland Lung Cancer Screening Study provides feasibility data about clinical aspects of LDCT screening but little about program design. The International Lung Screening Trial is still in the recruitment phase and findings are not yet available for inclusion in this Evidence Check. The Australian Population Based Screening Framework was developed to “inform decision-makers on the key issues to be considered when assessing potential screening programs in Australia”.(10) As the Framework is specific to population-based, rather than high-risk, screening programs, there is a lack of clarity about transferability of criteria. However, the Framework criteria do stipulate that a screening program must be acceptable to “important subgroups such as target participants who are from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, people from disadvantaged groups and people with a disability”.(10) An extensive search of the literature highlighted that there is very little information about the acceptability of LDCT screening to these population groups in Australia. Yet they are part of the high-risk population.(10) There are also considerable gaps in the evidence about the cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening in different settings, including Australia. The evidence base in this area is rapidly evolving and is likely to include new data from the NELSON trial and incorporate data about the costs of targeted- and immuno-therapies as these treatments become more widely available in Australia.