Journal articles: 'Fuel – Environmental aspects'

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Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali, Khaled Elsaid, Tabbi Wilberforce, Mohammed Kamil, Enas Taha Sayed, and A. Olabi. "Environmental aspects of fuel cells: A review." Science of The Total Environment 752 (January 2021): 141803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141803.

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Savvinov, Grigory N., and Valery V. Velichenko. "Fuel and energy complex of Yakutia: environmental aspects." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 808, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): 012062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/808/1/012062.

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Bogdanov, Olga, Nataša Bojković, and Marijana Petrović. "Vehicle platooning: Environmental aspects." Tehnika 75, no. 4 (2020): 355–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/tehnika2003355b.

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Environmental protection is actively becoming one of the main issues of the Sustainable Development Agenda, and is therefore in the focus of various scientific papers and publications. In the context of vehicle platooning, the environment represents an important area, considering that some of the main goals of this transport technology are to reduce fuel consumption and the reduction of harmful gas emissions. Both goals are achievable when optimizing the speed of vehicles in the convoy, but they also depend on the number of vehicles in the convoy, the type of road they travel on, the weight/mass they carry, as well as the weather conditions. This paper will provide insights into platooning simulations and researches conducted in real conditions, which will focus on the impact of this transportation technology on the environment.

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Dzieniszewski, Grzegorz, Maciej Kuboń, Miroslav Pristavka, and Pavol Findura. "Operating Parameters and Environmental Indicators of Diesel Engines Fed with Crop-Based Fuels." Agricultural Engineering 25, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 13–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/agriceng-2021-0002.

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Abstract A comparative analysis of performance of Diesel engines fuelled by diesel oil, methyl ester of rapeseed oil and raw rapeseed oil was performed. The analysis of external characteristics of engines powered by various fuel types was accepted for an assessment. Engine performance rates were analysed while attention was paid to power courses, moment, unit fuel consumption and hour fuel consumption, exhaust fumes temperature and exhaust smoke. Operation effectiveness of engines was assessed when they were fed with various fuel types and optimal proportions of fuel mixtures were indicated. Environmental aspects of powering the engines with traditional fuels and crop-based fuels were analysed. The total CO2 emission in the entire process of manufacturing and combustion of fuels was accepted as a criterion. A simplified economic analysis was performed in the aspect of the underlying purpose of using crop-based fuels for propulsion of piston engines. Conclusions and recommendations that indicate directions of development concerning the analysed issue were prepared.

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Beljaev, S. V. "Environmental aspects of using diesel fuel for modern forest machines." Resources and Technology, no. 6 (2005): 8–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15393/j2.art.2005.1882.

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Sundararajan, A. R., L. V. Krishnan, and Placid Rodriguez. "Radiological and environmental aspects of Th-U fuel cycle facilities." Progress in Nuclear Energy 32, no. 3-4 (January 1998): 289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0149-1970(97)00074-7.

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Dincer, Ibrahim. "Environmental and sustainability aspects of hydrogen and fuel cell systems." International Journal of Energy Research 31, no. 1 (2006): 29–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.1226.

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Chilingarian, George V., Erle C. Donaldson, and K. J. Weber. "Environmental aspects of petroleum engineering." Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 7, no. 3-4 (May 1992): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0920-4105(92)90018-v.

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Osipov, V. I. "Environmental aspects of sustainable development." Вестник Российской академии наук 89, no. 7 (July 8, 2019): 718–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869-5873897718-727.

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The term "sustainable development" is based on the fundamental principle of improving human quality of life without destroying the natural environment (the biosphere). Humankind develops through the consumption of renewable (air, water, landscapes, and biota) and nonrenewable (fuel, ores, and other mineral resources) resources from the Earth. Constant renewal of resources is an essential condition for sustainable development. However, the present-day use of nature ignores this requirement, which inevitably leads to the depletion of resources, degradation of ecosystems, and global ecological disaster. This paper considers the modern level of consumption of life-supporting resources, which exceeds the permissible limits, and possible ways to prevent the approaching disaster. We draw several conclusions regarding the necessity to adopt a radically new nature-use strategy on the bases of the rational use and reproduction of resources as well as the development of new technologies of energy production from nontraditional sources.

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Volchyn, I. A., A. O. Yasynetskyi, and Wlodzimierz Przybylski. "ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF GREEN AMMONIA ROLE IN UKRAINIAN ENERGY SECTOR." Energy Technologies & Resource Saving, no. 2 (June 17, 2022): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.33070/etars.2.2022.07.

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Ammonia production using traditional Haber-Bosch technology using natural gas or coal emits large amounts of carbon dioxide and consumes a significant amount of electricity, its generation consumes a lot of fossil fuel and produces a large amount of emissions of pollutants and CO2. The transition to the production of "green" ammonia with the help of electricity from renewable energy sources and nuclear power plants will require a significant increase in their capacity. This will not only avoid CO2 emissions from NH3 production, but also avoid emissions of pollutants and greenhouse gases at thermal power plants by replacing their capacity with "green" capacity. Ammonia as a fuel has environmental advantages over traditional fuels, as it does not emit dust, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Only nitrogen oxides are formed, the emissions of which are reduced by the use of selective reduction technologies. Promising combustion of mixtures of ammonia and hydrogen. Co-combustion of coal and ammonia in existing boilers can significantly reduce emissions of pollutants and CO2. Bibl. 18, fig. 2, table. 2.

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Dash, Santanu Kumar, Suprava Chakraborty, Michele Roccotelli, and Umesh Kumar Sahu. "Hydrogen Fuel for Future Mobility: Challenges and Future Aspects." Sustainability 14, no. 14 (July 6, 2022): 8285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14148285.

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Nowadays, the combustion of fossil fuels for transportation has a major negative impact on the environment. All nations are concerned with environmental safety and the regulation of pollution, motivating researchers across the world to find an alternate transportation fuel. The transition of the transportation sector towards sustainability for environmental safety can be achieved by the manifestation and commercialization of clean hydrogen fuel. Hydrogen fuel for sustainable mobility has its own effectiveness in terms of its generation and refueling processes. As the fuel requirement of vehicles cannot be anticipated because it depends on its utilization, choosing hydrogen refueling and onboard generation can be a point of major concern. This review article describes the present status of hydrogen fuel utilization with a particular focus on the transportation industry. The advantages of onboard hydrogen generation and refueling hydrogen for internal combustion are discussed. In terms of performance, affordability, and lifetime, onboard hydrogen-generating subsystems must compete with what automobile manufacturers and consumers have seen in modern vehicles to date. In internal combustion engines, hydrogen has various benefits in terms of combustive properties, but it needs a careful engine design to avoid anomalous combustion, which is a major difficulty with hydrogen engines. Automobile makers and buyers will not invest in fuel cell technology until the technologies that make up the various components of a fuel cell automobile have advanced to acceptable levels of cost, performance, reliability, durability, and safety. Above all, a substantial advancement in the fuel cell stack is required.

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Игнатова, A. Ignatova, Папин, A. Papin, Солодов, and V. Solodov. "Environmental and Technological Aspects of Coke Dust Recycling as Fuel Briquettes." Safety in Technosphere 2, no. 2 (April 25, 2013): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/329.

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Technological schemes related to production of fuel briquettes on the basis of such waste of coke and chemical industries as coke dust and coke sludge are considered. The quality assessment results of produced fuel briquettes are presented.

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Bergen, Darya. "Alternative Options for Modernization of Regional Heat Supply Systems: Environmental and Economic Aspects." Bulletin of Baikal State University 31, no. 3 (October 22, 2021): 407–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2021.31(3).407-415.

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At present, environmental pollution by fuel combustion products is one of the key problems in the heat supply sector. It affects the entire population of the Earth. The purpose of the research is to substantiate the necessity of ecological upgrading of thermal power facilities in the Irkutsk region and using a part of municipal solid waste as an alternative fuel at thermal power facilities of the Russian Federation. The research shows that the use of the two kinds of fuel (solid biofuel and alternative fuel) can reduce the anthropogenic load. This measure can be a way of energy efficient disposal of accumulated and annually generated production and consumer waste. The transition to alternative fuels can be most efficiently implemented in boiler houses. This is due to lower capital investments in the modernization of boiler houses as compared to the modernization of thermal power plants. The calculations in the article confirm that the implementation of environmental modernization of regional heat supply systems is not economically beneficial for entrepreneurs. The state should supplement the methods of regulation with targeted co-financing of programs for the modernization of thermal power facilities in order to accelerate the processes of modernization of heat supply in the Russian Federation. At the same time, the recipients of support must comply with the established indicators further on.

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Cherednichenko, Oleksandr, Valerii Havrysh, Vyacheslav Shebanin, Antonina Kalinichenko, Grzegorz Mentel, and Joanna Nakonieczny. "Local Green Power Supply Plants Based on Alcohol Regenerative Gas Turbines: Economic and Environmental Aspects." Energies 13, no. 9 (May 1, 2020): 2156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13092156.

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Growing economies need green and renewable energy. Their financial development can reduce energy consumption (through energy-efficient technologies) and replace fossil fuels with renewable ones. Gas turbine engines are widely used in transport and industry. To improve their economic attractiveness and to reduce harmful emissions, including greenhouse gases, alternative fuels and waste heat recovery technologies can be used. A promising direction is the use of alcohol and thermo-chemical recuperation. The purpose of this study is to estimate the economic efficiency and carbon dioxide emissions of an alcohol-fueled regenerative gas turbine engine with thermo-chemical recuperation. The carbon dioxide emissions have been determined using engine efficiency, fuel properties, as well as life cycle analysis. The engine efficiency was maximized by varying the water/alcohol ratio. To evaluate steam fuel reforming for a certain engine, a conversion performance factor has been suggested. At the optimal water/methanol ratio of 3.075 this technology can increase efficiency by 4% and reduce tank-to-wake emission by 80%. In the last 6 months of 2019, methanol prices were promising for power and cogeneration plants in remote locations. The policy recommendation is that local authorities should pay attention to alcohol fuel and advanced turbines to curb the adverse effects of burning petroleum fuel on economic growth and the environment.

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Sharma, Shashi, Shivani Agarwal, and Ankur Jain. "Significance of Hydrogen as Economic and Environmentally Friendly Fuel." Energies 14, no. 21 (November 5, 2021): 7389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217389.

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The major demand of energy in today’s world is fulfilled by the fossil fuels which are not renewable in nature and can no longer be used once exhausted. In the beginning of the 21st century, the limitation of the fossil fuels, continually growing energy demand, and growing impact of green-house gas emissions on the environment were identified as the major challenges with current energy infrastructure all over the world. The energy obtained from fossil fuel is cheap due to its established infrastructure; however, these possess serious issues, as mentioned above, and cause bad environmental impact. Therefore, renewable energy resources are looked to as contenders which may fulfil most energy requirements. Among them, hydrogen is considered as the most environmentally friendly fuel. Hydrogen is clean, sustainable fuel and it has promise as a future energy carrier. It also has the ability to substitute the present energy infrastructure which is based on fossil fuel. This is seen and projected as a solution for the above-mentioned problems including rise in global temperature and environmental degradation. Environmental and economic aspects are the important factors to be considered to establish hydrogen infrastructure. This article describes the various aspects of hydrogen including production, storage, and applications with a focus on fuel cell based electric vehicles. Their environmental as well as economic aspects are also discussed herein.

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Sheehan, John, Andy Aden, Keith Paustian, Kendrick Killian, John Brenner, Marie Walsh, and Richard Nelson. "Energy and Environmental Aspects of Using Corn Stover for Fuel Ethanol." Journal of Industrial Ecology 7, no. 3-4 (June 2003): 117–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/108819803323059433.

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Karnaukh, Mykola, Dmitriy Muzylyov, and Natalya Shramenko. "Technological aspects of energy optimization during operating vehicles and increase their environmental safety." MATEC Web of Conferences 294 (2019): 01013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929401013.

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The paper discusses an actual scientific and practical problem of expanding the fuel base of the transport means by using biodiesel fuel in the form of ethyl esters made of rapeseed, sunflower and soybean oils. The choice of the optimal blend composition of diesel and biodiesel in appropriate operating conditions helps to provide the energy independence of transport companies on mineral hydrocarbons, reduce the anthropogenic influence on the environment and improve the environmental safety of transport. The research offers a new technological model for the production of biodiesel, which improves the quality and reduces the cost of biodiesel, reduces its negative impact on the elements of the vehicle fuel system. Reliability of fuel system elements is calculated. Mathematical expressions were obtained to determine the probability of failure-free operation of the fuel system and the probability of failure of its elements during operation at various fuel mixes. The assessment of the economic efficiency of the use of biodiesel as a fuel for vehicles was made.

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Nurullayev, V. Kh, Kh G. Ismayilova, and L. M. Shikhiyeva. "Ecological aspects of storage and transportation of diesel fuels." Azerbaijan Oil Industry, no. 1 (January 15, 2021): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37474/0365-8554/2021-1-49-54.

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The paper presents up-to-date and perspective requirements for the quality of diesel fuels. The effect of chemical, as well as fractional composition on the quality of diesel fuels is marked. The capability of obtaining prospective ecologically friendly diesel fuel based on the mixture of Azerbaijani oils via hydro-treatment in the presence of the catalyst of alumonickelmolibdene is noted. Ecologically friendly diesel fuels with ASTMD 4294 by sulfur - 0.039 % mass, ASTMD 3227 by sour sulfur - 0.006 % mass, ASTMD 5708 by metals: V ˃ 2 mg/kg, Ni ˃ 1 mg/kg, Fe ˃ 3 mg/kg, Na ˃ 8 mg/kg, as well as with the freezing temperature of ASTMD 97 – 50 оС have been obtained. Such kinds of diesel fuel meet EN standards and provide environmental safety in storage and transportation to the European countries. The prospect of obtaining and using buffer plug (mixture of petroleum products) during consistent pumping of various sorts of oil products without ecologic-economic risks of jet fuels is shown as well.

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SEKULA, ROBERT. "Environmental Aspects of Fossil Fuels Combustion in Poland." Energy Sources 18, no. 3 (April 1996): 303–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00908319608908769.

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Rudolf, Kastori, Maksimovic Ivana, and Delic Putnik. "Environmental aspects of burning field residues for use as an alternative fuel." Ratarstvo i povrtarstvo 49, no. 3 (2012): 313–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ratpov49-1620.

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Grafkina, M. V., E. V. Sotnikova, E. Y. Sviridova, A. N. Shirokova, and A. I. Fedorina. "Environmental aspects of commercial transport transfer to higher fuel standards in Moscow." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 8, no. 2-3 (May 20, 2014): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-67540.

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Environmental monitoring of air quality near highways of Moscow was conducted. The estimation of the level of air pollution was given and its dependence on road traffic was set. There were analyzed the prospects for transfer of city freight transport to higher environmental standards. Recommendations for reducing the impact of transport on the urban environment are given.

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Fialko, Nataliia, Raisa Navrodska, Malgorzata Ulewicz, Georgii Gnedash, Sergii Alioshko, and Svitlana Shevcuk. "Environmental aspects of heat recovery systems of boiler plants." E3S Web of Conferences 100 (2019): 00015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910000015.

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The results of studies on improving the environmental characteristics of boiler plants of municipal heat-power engineering in the application of technologies for the deep recovery of heat from exhaust-gases of gas-fired boilers are presented. The data on the reduction of environment by reducing the amount and temperature of harmful emissions resulting from fuel combustion are given. The data are given for boiler plants equipped with complex heat-recovery systems characterized by cooling the exhaust-gases below the dew point of the water vapor contained in them. It is shown that the decrease in emissions is due to a decrease in fuel consumption in boilers due to the beneficial use of the heat of exhaust-gases in these systems and the dissolution of nitrogen and carbon oxides in the condensate, formed in the heat-recovery equipments. The analysis of improving the environmental safety of boiler plants when used in heat-recovery technologies of corrosion protection systems for chimneys has been performed. Anticorrosion protection is provided by preventing condensate formation in the exhaust-gas ducts of boiler plants when using technologies for the deep recovery of exhaust-gas heat. To prevent condensate formation, the method of pre-drying cooled exhaust-gases in a heat exchanger-preheater installed after heat-recovery equipment is used. It is also shown that the use of complex heat-recovery systems provides in the boiler plant additional water in the form of condensate formed during condensation of moisture from exhaust-gases. Receipt of this condensate is another ecological effect of heat-recovery, which allows reducing the consumption of natural water resources for supply municipal heat networks.

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Zhiznin, S. Z., and V. M. Timokhov. "Environmental and economic aspects of methane emissions in the fuel and energy sector." Problems of Economics and Management of Oil and Gas Complex, no. 3 (2018): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30713/1999-6942-2018-3-23-28.

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Granovskii, Mikhail, Ibrahim Dincer, and Marc A. Rosen. "Environmental and economic aspects of hydrogen production and utilization in fuel cell vehicles." Journal of Power Sources 157, no. 1 (June 2006): 411–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.07.044.

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Miryuk, Olga. "Environmental Aspects of Resource-Saving Cement Technology." Environmental and Climate Technologies 25, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 803–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2021-0060.

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Abstract The article outlines the main problems that the cement industry causes to the environment. Authors propose technological solutions aimed at resource-saving in cement production and environmental protection. The research is devoted to low-energy cement obtained on the basis of waste from processing skarn-magnetite ores. The characteristics of the composition and properties of the technogenic material are given. The authors have justified the feasibility of using skarn-magnetite ore enrichment waste as a part of a cement raw material mixture. The possibility of changing the composition of cement by reducing the energy-intensive alite phase is demonstrated. Technological and heat engineering calculations confirming the reduction of natural mineral raw materials and fuel costs in the production of cement were carried out. The processes of hydration of the developed cements have been investigated. A method for accelerating the hardening of low-base cements due to mechanical activation, the introduction of mineral additives and a modifier is proposed. The research revealed construction and technological advantages of the developed cements, which exhibit increased resistance during operation in an aggressive environment. Physical and mechanical tests of concretes made of low-base cement were carried out. The possibility of reducing the temperature during the heat treatment of concrete is proved. Physical and mechanical tests of concretes made of low-base cement were carried out. The paper presents environmental benefits of the developed cement technology.

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SOMESHWAR, ARUN V., JAY P. UNWIN, WILLIAM THACKER, LAUREL EPPSTEIN, and BARRY MALMBERG. "Environmental aspects of wood residue combustion in forest products industry boilers." March 2011 10, no. 3 (April 1, 2011): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj10.3.27.

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We conducted a comprehensive review of air emissions resulting from burning wood residues in industrial boilers and potential methods to control these emissions. This report compares average emissions with similar data published by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for the burning of fossil fuels coal, oil, and natural gas in industrial boilers. As compared with coal or oil combustion, wood combustion in boilers generally leads to lower emissions of trace metals, hydrochloric acid, sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx); higher emissions of carbon monoxide, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, and total volatile organic compounds; and comparable emissions of particulate matter and polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins and -furans (PCDDs/Fs) (both of which are highly dependent on the efficiency of the ultimate particulate matter control device). Most importantly, wood combustion is carbon dioxide-neutral, a distinct advantage over fossil fuel combustion. Firing wood in stoker units with sulfur-containing fuels, such as coal and oil, leads to a reduction in expected SO2 emissions because of the high carbon and alkali content of most wood ash, and cofiring wood with coal also has some benefits for NOx reduction. This report also discusses the generation and types of combustion ashes resulting from wood burning in mostly combination boilers in the United States and Canada, and provides an overview of ash management practices and the salient characteristics of such ashes relative to their trace metal, organic, and PCDD/F contents.

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Hyks, Oldrich, Kristyna Neubergova, and Pavel Pribyl. "Influence of Driving Fluency on Economic and Ecological Aspects of Transport." Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina 20, no. 3 (September 30, 2018): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/com.c.2018.3.9-14.

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The paper is focused on the influence of driving behaviour on fuel consumption and the subsequent environmental impacts. The main issue is to estimate the economic and environmental costs connected with the forced deceleration or stopping and the subsequent acceleration of a motor vehicle in urban traffic. Authors introduce a physical model of a vehicle with variable parameters that allows the calculation of economic and ecological losses in congestions on the basis of data generated by an arbitrary floating car. The losses include the lost kinetic energy of a vehicle during the forced braking, accelerated degradation of vehicle components, the loss of time of drivers and passengers and the increased ecological footprint. Energetic costs are estimated from the vehicle engine efficiency with which the fuel energy is transformed during an acceleration to kinetic energy of a vehicle lost during braking. Further, these costs are estimated from fuel calorific value and fuel price. Costs resulting from the degradation of vehicle components are estimated from their average stated lifetime.

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Ctets, A. A., and A. M. Chaikun. "Environmental and economic aspects of processing and utilization of waste tires." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 7, no. 1-4 (July 10, 2013): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-67760.

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The article provides information about possible directions of use of worn-out tires, which accumulation and disposal are the major environmental problems. The main directions of waste tire usage are, the use of whole tires and pieces of tires, high-temperature destruction of worn-out tires, pyrolysis, the use of waste tires as fuel in the cement industry and to generate energy or heat, regenerate production process, getting the rubber crumb.

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Santin, M., A. Traverso, and A. Massardo. "Technological aspects of gas turbine and fuel cell hybrid systems for aircraft: a review." Aeronautical Journal 112, no. 1134 (August 2008): 459–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000002426.

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The objective of this work is to make an overview of opportunities and issues related to the aeronautical application of solid oxide fuel cell hybrid systems. The great interest on fuel cells comes from their capacity of producing electric energy with high efficiency at low pollutant production. The application of these systems as full-time auxiliary power units is an interesting alternative in a future scenario, which is supposed to include a More Electric Aircraft and more restrictive environmental standards. A review of the technological aspects of this application is presented. The physical models found in literature were investigated and the results were compared and discussed.

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Zueva, Svetlana, Andrey A. Kovalev, Yury V. Litti, Nicolò M. Ippolito, Valentina Innocenzi, and Ida De Michelis. "Environmental and Economic Aspects of Biomethane Production from Organic Waste in Russia." Energies 14, no. 17 (August 24, 2021): 5244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14175244.

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According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), only a tiny fraction of the full potential of energy from biomass is currently exploited in the world. Biogas is a good source of energy and heat, and a clean fuel. Converting it to biomethane creates a product that combines all the benefits of natural gas with zero greenhouse gas emissions. This is important given that the methane contained in biogas is a more potent greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide (CO2). The total amount of CO2 emission avoided due to the installation of biogas plants is around 3380 ton/year, as 1 m3 of biogas corresponds to 0.70 kg of CO2 saved. In Russia, despite the huge potential, the development of bioenergy is rather on the periphery, due to the abundance of cheap hydrocarbons and the lack of government support. Based on the data from an agro-industrial plant located in Central Russia, the authors of the article demonstrate that biogas technologies could be successfully used in Russia, provided that the Russian Government adopted Western-type measures of financial incentives.

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Pavlů, Tereza, Vladimír Kočí, and Magdaléna Šefflová. "Environmental Assessment of Recycled Aggregate." Advanced Materials Research 1106 (June 2015): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1106.61.

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The paper presents an environmental assessment of construction and demolition (C&D) waste production. The use of C&D waste carries a number of positive and negative aspects. These aspects should be compared to find the optimal way for recycled aggregate use. This study presents results of a fuel consumption survey of Czech recycling companies. Furthermore, there are evaluated impact categories of the connection with the diesel production and diesel burning during recycling process. Finally, it is shown comparison with database data for mining of natural aggregate. In addition, the results of previous investigation of the impact of natural aggregate substitution by recycled aggregate in concrete mixtures on mechanical and deformation properties of recycled concrete are presented.

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Wijayanto, Danuja, and Gede Bagus Dwi Suasti Antara. "Comparison Analysis of Options to Comply with IMO 2020 Sulphur Cap Regarding Environmental and Economic Aspect." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1081, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1081/1/012051.

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Abstract IMO enforce new regulation known as IMO 2020 Sulphur Cap which limits the sulphur content in the fuel oil used onboard ships. This new global sulphur cap is a significant challenge for the shipping industry. The compliance options may be classified into three main options: using alternative fuels, low-sulphur fuel oil, and scrubbers. Each option comes with some advantages and disadvantages which creates a trade-off between the options. Some options may require a higher initial investment in terms of capital expenses, and some are more expensive during operations than others. A comparison analysis will be conducted with respect to the environmental and economic aspects.

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Bayramoglu, Mahmut, and Zeynep İlbay. "Environmental aspects of direct methanol fuel cell: Experimental detection of methanol electro-oxidation products." Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy 36, no. 6 (April 20, 2017): 1847–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ep.12633.

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Gheewala, Shabbir H. "Biorefineries for Sustainable Food-Fuel-Fibre Production: Towards a Circular Economy." E3S Web of Conferences 125 (2019): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912501002.

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Agriculture and related industries form the backbone of many Asian economies. Not only do they provide food, but they are increasingly proving to be a reliable local source of energy and materials. Biofuels from palm oil and sugarcane are prominent examples where the palm and sugar mills serve as biorefineries – providing food, fuels as well as materials. Nevertheless, there are also associated environmental impacts which need to be considered along with economic considerations. A life cycle approach is useful for both environmental as well as economic assessment. In particular eco-efficiency, a tool combining both environmental and economic aspects is very useful to analyze biorefinery configurations and look at the trade-offs between the environmental and economic aspects. The increase of value-added products from the biorefineries may lead to increased economic benefits but also increased environmental emissions. Indicators such as eco-efficiency show the relative advantages of the enhanced biorefinery system as compared to conventional food or biofuel production systems. Thus, they provide important information to decision-makers both for industry and policy.

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Williams, M. C., N. T. Holcombe, and M. McMillian. "Environmental Aspects of Coal-Fueled Diesel Engines." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 111, no. 3 (July 1, 1989): 491–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3240280.

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Conventional diesel engines are considered by some to be contributors to environmental problems since they emit NOx, a suspected acid rain precursor. Initial testing has shown that CWS-fueled diesels emit substantially reduced NOx emissions. While emissions of particulates and SOx may be potentially higher with coal fuels, assessment of the control technology indicates excellent potential for meeting existing and future standards for these emissions. As a result of activities managed by the Morgantown Energy Technology Center, the economic and technical feasibility of CWS-fueled diesel engines has been determined. Recently, both General Electric and A. D. Little/Cooper Bessemer were selected for 5-year contracts aimed at developing by 1993 the components and subsystems necessary for subsequent private sector demonstration and commercialization of coal-fueled diesel power systems. The development of these CWS-fueled systems will necessitate the application of hot gas cleanup contaminant control technology to ensure that the systems burn coal in an environmentally sound manner. The objective of this paper is to discuss the environmental concerns, emission goals, and the control methodologies, devices, and strategies that will be used to ensure CWS-fueled diesel engines will meet current and potential environmental standards.

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Łukasik, Radosław, and Tomasz Neumann. "Economic and Environmental Aspects of Engine Selection in Cargo Transportation." Energies 15, no. 7 (April 6, 2022): 2690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15072690.

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A company’s productivity and success measure its effectiveness. This article presents the problem of economic efficiency and aspects related to environmental protection. The basic parameters analysed were the engine type and how it affects the environment. Over three months, the analysis was carried out and used the data envelopment analysis. As a result of the research carried out, the comparison of the amount of fuel used with the amount of transported goods should answer the following questions: What type of engine should be ordered for new trucks to show the best efficiency during operation? What is the efficiency of the currently used engines? How do they affect the environment? The method proposed in the article makes it possible to define the initial requirements for the definition of truck units, which is included in the conclusions of this paper.

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Venkatesan, V., and N. Nallusamy. "A Review on Microalgae Biodiesel Production and its Usage in Direct Injection Diesel Engines as Alternate Fuel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 787 (August 2015): 776–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.787.776.

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Biodiesel is one of the promising alternative fuels for automotive engines due to the depletion of fossil fuel resources, increasing energy demands and environmental concerns. The biodiesel can be obtained from various bio energy resources such as edible and non-edible vegetable oils and animal fats. However, the use of biodiesel derived from edible oils such as palm oil, sunflower oil and soybean oil has negative impact on global food market. Biodiesel from microalgae is considered as a third generation biofuel derived from non-edible resources and best suited for internal combustion engines. Microalgae have the potential to provide sufficient fuel for global consumption due to its high oil content and fast growing ability. This paper provides a brief overview of biodiesel production from microalgae biomass and its suitability as alternate fuel in diesel engines. This review highlights the selection of suitable algae species for oil production, fuel properties in comparison with standard diesel and other biodiesel fuels, performance, combustion and emission characteristics when used in engines, and the economical aspects. Further, the research and development aspects of biodiesel from microalgae as fuel for automobile diesel engines are also reviewed.

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Rafie, Seyed Meysam, and Hadi Sahebi. "An integrated gas-oil and bio-diesel supply network model with strategic and tactical applications considering the environmental aspects." Oil & Gas Science and Technology – Revue d’IFP Energies nouvelles 76 (2021): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2516/ogst/2021021.

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In recent years, research has shown that biomass can be a source of energy to replace fossil fuels and effectively reduce current environmental crises. Researchers have studied how biofuels are supplied through the oil supply chain to achieve tangible results. This paper presents an optimization model for the gas-oil and biodiesel supply chains suggesting the optimization of both supply chains simultaneously for the first time. The proposed model deals with the connection points of two supply chains and determines the two chains’ connection points by considering two economic and environmental objective functions. The model can be used to make decisions on issues such as location, allocation, production planning, inventory management, capacity expansion, and so forth. The proposed programming model’s performance has been studied through a real case study in Iran and the sensitivity analyses have been performed. The ε-constraint method was used to solve the multi-objective model. The proposed model is expected to be effective in the future management of countries’ fuel sources, particularly to be used as an alternative to fossil fuels. Also, this research can provide a basis for more extensive research on fuel supply chain integration.

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Wilson, Adam. "Analysis of Environmental Aspects of Exploiting Unconventional Reservoirs." Journal of Petroleum Technology 70, no. 08 (August 1, 2018): 81–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0818-0081-jpt.

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Baba, Alper, Leyla Ozgener, and Arif Hepbasli. "Environmental and Exergetic Aspects of Geothermal Energy." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 28, no. 7 (June 2006): 597–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/009083190928074.

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Pekhota, A. N. "Study of Energy Characteristics of Multicomponent Solid Fuel Using Substandard Municipal and Industrial Waste Fuels." Science & Technique 21, no. 2 (April 6, 2022): 164–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2022-21-2-164-174.

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The main directions of the concept of national strategies for sustainable development are considered, taking into account the problems of energy and resource saving, as well as the need for the rational use of natural and secondary resources in many countries of the world community in order to transition to a “green” economy. An assessment of the energy potential of combustible waste that has not found technological application is given as one of the priority areas in the field of nontraditional energy. The paper presents aspects of research into obtaining and production of multicomponent solid fuels. A technology is described for briquetting wet mixtures with the addition of various binders, including various combustible wastes, in order to obtain solid fuel. The features of the fuel frame formation are given, taking into account the factors affecting the performance of the briquetting plant, as well as achieving the optimal density of the briquette. A qualitative assessment was made with respect to various ratios of the components of briquetted fuel, at which the best production and consumer indicators are achieved. The features of the preparation of materials and the technological equipment used as part of the preparation and briquetting line are considered. The practical aspects of the production, drying, use of briquetted solid fuels are outlined in the paper. The paper presents studies of the energy and physico-chemical characteristics of multicomponent fuel compositions using various research laboratory equipment and methods. The proposed algorithm for solving the problem makes it possible to rationally use substandard combustible production waste to obtain multicomponent solid fuel, while energy and environmental aspects are taken into consideration at the production stage.

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Самойлов, M. Samoylov, Бурцев, S. Burtsev, Симаков, and M. Simakov. "Ecological Aspects of Implementing Prospective Propulsion Schemes of Short and Medium Haul Aircrafts." Safety in Technosphere 4, no. 2 (April 25, 2015): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11335.

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The influence of the circuitry of the hybrid power plant short and medium haul aircraft on their fuel efficiency and environmental characteristics have been investigated. Directions of improvement of traditional patterns of power plants of aircraft on the example of PD-14 engine were analyzed. It has been shown that the use of turbojet engines and traditional schemes operating on aviation kerosene, will not allow to fulfill the demands made by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) to perspective plane 2025–2035. The analysis of the three schemes hybrid propulsion systems has been performed. It has been shown that using the presented hybrid propulsion systems of alternative fuels can reduce CO2 emissions by 19% to 20% compared with conventional turbojet engines, which run on kerosene TS-1. It has been shown that this fuel efficiency is increased by 2–3%, and the total mass of the power plant increases of 6 to 16%.

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Yang, Yushan, Nuoya Gong, Keying Xie, and Qingfei Liu. "Predicting Gasoline Vehicle Fuel Consumption in Energy and Environmental Impact Based on Machine Learning and Multidimensional Big Data." Energies 15, no. 5 (February 22, 2022): 1602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15051602.

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The underestimation of fuel consumption impacts various aspects. In the vehicle market, manufacturers often advertise fuel economy for marketing. In fact, the fuel consumption reference value provided by the manufacturer is quite different from the real-world fuel consumption of the vehicles. The divergence between reference fuel consumption and real-world fuel consumption also has negative effect on the aspects of policy and environment. In order to effectively promote the sustainable development of transport, it is urged to recognize the real-world fuel consumption of vehicles. The gaps in previous studies includes small sample size, single data dimension, and lack of feature weight evaluation. To fill the research gap, in this study, we conduct a comparative analysis through building five regression models to forecast the real-world fuel consumption rate of light-duty gasoline vehicles in China based on big data from the perspectives of vehicle factors, environment factors, and driving behavior factors. Results show that the random forest regression model performs best among the five candidate models, with a mean absolute error of 0.630 L/100 km, a mean absolute percentage error of 7.5%, a mean squared error of 0.805, an R squared of 0.776, and a 10-fold cross-validation score of 0.791. Further, we capture the most important features affecting fuel consumption among the 25 factors from the above three perspectives. According to the relative weight of each factor in the most optimal model, the three most important factors are brake and accelerator habits, engine power, and the fuel economy consciousness of vehicle owners in sequence.

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Kamińska-Pietrzak, Natalia, Natalia Howaniec, and Adam Smoliński. "THE INFLUENCE OF FEEDSTOCK TYPE AND OPERATING PARAMETERS ON TAR FORMATION IN THE PROCESS OF GASIFICATION AND CO-GASIFICATION." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 20, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 747–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eces-2013-0052.

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Abstract Increasing energy demand, limited resources of fossil fuels and environmental aspects are the main rationales of the research efforts aiming at wider utilization of renewable resources and waste in energy generation systems. Gasification technologies are based on thermochemical processing of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels to gas of the composition dependent on kind of gasification agent and operating parameters used. The range of applications of the product gas includes basically chemical and petrochemical industries. Its utilization in power generation systems is also of industrial interest since the environmental impact of gasification technologies is lower and the process efficiency is higher than of coal-fired power plants and it enables to utilize wide range of fuels, including fossil fuels, biomass, industrial waste and various fuel blends. One of the most important operational issues related with thermochemical processing of biomass and waste is the formation of tars, which reduces the energy efficiency of the process and causes technical problems in a system operation. The amount and quality of tars depends on the chemical composition of a fuel, a gasification agent used and its ratio to fuel flow, process temperature and pressure as well as the construction of a gasifier. In the paper review of the research on the influence of operating parameters and kind of feedstock on tar formation and composition in the process of gasification and co-gasification is presented.

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Hilario, Yusuf, Iwan Halim Sahputra, Yusak Tanoto, Gabriel Jeremy Gotama, Alexander Billy, and Willyanto Anggono. "Sustainable product development of biomass briquette from Samanea saman leaf waste with rejected papaya as the binding agent in Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1094, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1094/1/012006.

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Abstract The depletion of solid fuels in the world triggers the requirement for the existence of an alternative fuel product as a substitute. In several studies, briquettes have become one of the alternatives used to deal with this problem. However, the selection of briquette material that considers its impact on economic, social, and environmental aspects has not been widely carried out. To solve this problem, the selection of raw materials for briquettes must be determined using the concept of sustainable product development (SPD). SPD is a concept that can be used to determine a new product by considering various aspects, including economic, environmental, and social aspects. Briquette fuel that is derived from leaf waste and rejected fruit as a binding agent can be an alternative to renewable solid fuels since the raw materials come from wastes that have no selling value. The methodology used in this research is by conducting a survey at five markets in Surabaya and proceeding with interviews with the local government official. Pugh Matrix Concept Selection (PMCS) method is used to determine the suitable raw materials and to analyze the sustainability of the product development. Through PMCS, the results show that the best material for briquette production based on economic, social, and environmental aspects is a mixture of Samanea saman leaf waste with a 12.83 rating value and rejected papaya as the binding agent with a 10.44 rating value. Briquette with a mixture of 95% Samanea saman leaf waste and 5% rejected papaya is produced with a mesh size of 60 or 250 μm and a compression pressure of 2 MPa and is identified to have a heating value of 4025.87 Kcal/Kg.

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Endachev, D. V., V. F. Kutenev, and V. I. Panchishny. "On the prospects of hydrogen energy in transport." Trudy NAMI, no. 2 (July 17, 2021): 58–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.51187/0135-3152-2021-2-58-73.

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Introduction (problem statement and relevance). In recent years, attention to hydrogen as an alternative kind of transport fuel has been increasingly growing as hydrogen is considered to be capable of replacing petroleum traditional fuels. Moreover, it is believed that the use of hydrogen can solve the environmental problems of transport, reduce power plants energy driving costs and solve the problem of fossil resources depletion.The purpose of the study was to analyze hydrogen as a possible alternative fuel, assess its advantages and disadvantages taking into account both the variety of its usage and power environmental and economic aspects of hydrogen production together with problems associated with its practical use.Methodology and research methods. The analysis of hydrogen production has been carried out including its use as a possible fuel for motor vehicles.Results. High energy consumption, environmental imperfection of hydrogen production processes and related problems of its storage, transportation, power units as well as of the scarcity of some necessary resources do not provide grounds for optimistic assessments of economic and environmental assessments of vehicles powered by hydrogen.

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Terry, Ian R. "Modern new nuclear fuel characteristics and radiation protection aspects." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 115, no. 1-4 (December 20, 2005): 110–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/nci239.

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Valdmanis, Gunars, Gatis Bazbauers, Martins Bataitis, Girts Bohvalovs, Janis Lilo, Andra Blumberga, and Dagnija Blumberga. "CO₂-to-Fuel – Business and Institutional Aspects of Implementation Dynamics." Environmental and Climate Technologies 26, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 1182–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2022-0089.

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Abstract Valorization of CO2 captured from industrial processes is an important task for reaching climate and energy targets. The presented study addresses the use of CO2 for the production of ethanol, which can be used as a transport fuel. Hydrogen, produced by renewable energy technologies, is combined with CO2 to produce the synthetic fuel, thus making this approach attractive from a climate perspective. Aim of the study was to simulate the dynamics of the development of CO2-to-fuel solution, taking Latvia as the case. System dynamics modelling was used as the method for analysis. The model reflects several important feedbacks, such as relation between the captured CO2 emissions and the share of avoided CO2 emissions in transport due to fuel substitution, as well as investment in new production capacity of the ethanol. Use of avoided CO2 emission costs for funding of research and development (R&D) of the technology and direct subsidies for ethanol production is the analysed institutional aspect. The results show that if 15 % of the industrial CO2 emissions are used for ethanol production then circa 12 % of the transport CO2 emissions can be avoided. The share of avoided transport CO2 emissions are the most sensitive to unit costs of hydrogen production.

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Kulik, M. "Environmental aspects of using oxygen, hydrogen and organic fuel gasification products in thermal power of Ukraine." Ecological Sciences 1, no. 2 (2020): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.32846/2306-9716/2020.eco.2-29.1.3.

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Galieriková, Andrea, and Jarmila Sosedová. "Environmental Aspects of Transport in the Context of Development of Inland Navigation." Ekológia (Bratislava) 35, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eko-2016-0022.

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AbstractTransport has an immense impact on the environment. The largest share of environmental pollution is caused by road transport. The atmosphere is threatened by fuel combustion of engines of road vehicles, thereby leading to the global warming of Earth. In addition to having an adverse impact on the environment, such as greenhouse gas emissions and carbon dioxide emissions, road transport also leads to external effects such as noise pollution, vibration, congestion and traffic accidents. The volume of transport in the world, notably on the roads, is increasing day by day. We should take the necessary steps to move to more environmentally-friendly modes of transportation, such as rail and inland navigation. Rail transportation is currently the largest competitor of road transport. If the waterways infrastructure is improved, there would be a decrease in the traffic flow of motorways and thus, we can move to a more environmentally-friendly transportation.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Fuel – Environmental aspects'

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