Journal articles: 'Fuel cells research'

1

Tutsch, Petra. "Industrial Collective Research on Fuel Cells." MTZ worldwide 78, no. 9 (August 17, 2017): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s38313-017-0106-x.

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Mathe, Mkhulu K., Tumaini Mkwizu, and Mmalewane Modibedi. "Electrocatalysis Research for Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Production." Energy Procedia 29 (2012): 401–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2012.09.047.

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Tian, Yu Dong. "Research for Experiment of Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells Generation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 522–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.522.

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The molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) is an important research field of the new energy generation equipment. To aim at the problem that MCFC electrical characteristics reflect the generating performance, the electrochemical process mechanism of MCFC electrochemical reaction was analyzed firstly, then an electrical model of MCFC electrical characteristics based on the electrochemical process was advanced. Thirdly, the hot start process, and the output test of MCFC generation applied the experiment were particularly presented. Finally, the experimental results proved that it was fast and accurate.

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Fujiwara, Naoko, Shin-ichi Yamazaki, and Kazuaki Yasuda. "Research and Development on Direct Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells." Journal of the Japan Petroleum Institute 54, no. 4 (2011): 237–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1627/jpi.54.237.

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Uchida, Hiroyuki, and Masahiro Watanabe. "Status and Research Subjects of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells." membrane 28, no. 1 (2003): 2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5360/membrane.28.2.

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Betts, Kellyn S. "Research priorities for fueling fuel cells called into question." Environmental Science & Technology 33, no. 5 (March 1999): 107A—109A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es992698q.

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Zhang, Quanguo, Jianjun Hu, and Duu-Jong Lee. "Microbial fuel cells as pollutant treatment units: Research updates." Bioresource Technology 217 (October 2016): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.006.

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Birss, Viola I., Anthony Petric, and Sharon Thomas. "Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Canada NSERC Strategic Research Network." ECS Transactions 35, no. 1 (December 16, 2019): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.3569976.

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HORITA, Teruhisa. "Status of the Research and Developments of Fuel Cells." Hyomen Kagaku 34, no. 3 (2013): 154–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1380/jsssj.34.154.

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Liu, Jing. "Research on fuel cell based on photovoltaic technology." Thermal Science 24, no. 5 Part B (2020): 3423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci191226134l.

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To investigate the hybrid thermal energy storage in photovoltaic fuel cells, a hybrid thermal energy storage control system for photovoltaic fuel cells is explored model construction and simulation. The correlations between the system components and the external factors are analyzed. The results show a positive correlation of the state of charges between the storage battery and the hydrogen storage tank at 0-15 hours, while no correlation exists between them at 15-35 hours. Meanwhile, the sunshine intensity and the photovoltaic output share a positive correlation. In summary, the hybrid thermal energy storage system is critical for photovoltaic fuel cells. The charging and discharging of the battery depends on the photovoltaic intensity. The constructed grouping management model for storage battery is outstanding and satisfies the operational requirements of photovoltaic fuel cells.

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Żyjewska, Urszula. "Rodzaje ogniw paliwowych i ich potencjalne kierunki wykorzystania." Nafta-Gaz 77, no. 5 (May 2021): 332–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18668/ng.2021.05.06.

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Fuel cells are not a new technology, but they are gaining in popularity and are being intensively developed. The article presents and characterizes various types of fuel cells that are currently of interest to research and development centers dealing with environmental protection issues. These include: alkaline fuel cell (AFC), phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), including direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). The operating parameters of the previously mentioned fuel cells were compared. The principle of operation of a fuel cell was described. The growing interest in devices using hydrogen as a fuel also results from the development of Power to Gas technology (P2G). Furthermore, the article presents the potential directions of development and use of fuel cells in various fields and sectors of the economy. Fuel cells can be used in transport. The characteristic of motor vehicles fleet by fuel type in usage in the European Union was presented. The technical specification of commercially available passenger cars using fuel cells with proton exchange membrane was presented. The possibility of using fuel cells in public transport (buses, trains) was discussed. The possibilities of operation of fuel cells in combined heat and power systems (CHP) were presented. Usage of fuel cell technology in large cogeneration units and micro systems was considered. One of the presented cogeneration systems is a combination of fuel cells with a gas turbine. Another possibility of using fuel cells is energy storage systems (EES). Interesting way of using fuel cells can also be Power to Power systems, which were briefly characterized.

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WEN, Junning, Yunpeng GU, Man CAO, and Zhili CHEN. "Basic research on electrochemical measurement of polymer electrolyte fuel cells." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2020 (2020): J05306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2020.j05306.

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BAE, Byungchan, Eunyoung KIM, Sojeong LEE, and Hyejin LEE. "Research Trends of Anion Exchange Membranes within Alkaline Fuel Cells." New & Renewable Energy 11, no. 4 (December 31, 2015): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7849/ksnre.2015.12.11.4.52.

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Suominen, Arho, Aulis Tuominen, and Jussi Kantola. "Scenarios in technology and research policy: case portable fuel cells." International Journal of Strategic Change Management 3, no. 1/2 (2011): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijscm.2011.040631.

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15

Allen, S., E. Ashey, D. Gore, J. Woerner, and M. Cervi. "Marine Applications of Fuel Cells: A Multi-Agency Research Program." Naval Engineers Journal 110, no. 1 (January 1998): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-3584.1998.tb02388.x.

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16

Xu, Songyan, Zeyu Yin, Haowei Zhang, and Yuyang Zhang. "Research on performance optimization method of proton exchange membrane fuel cell for vehicle." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 3 (July 8, 2022): 168–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v3i.705.

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In recent years, with the extensive use of fossil fuels, the global environment has deteriorated sharply, and human beings are facing the problem of energy conversion. Due to the high calorific value, light weight, abundant reserves, and pollution-free combustion of hydrogen energy, many countries hope to use hydrogen energy as a new sustainable energy instead of fossil energy. Through the introduction of proton exchange membrane fuel cells in class and literature research, it is found that proton exchange membrane fuel cell is a very representative energy technology with high efficiency, low noise, and cleanness in several new energy sources. Especially after the two goals of carbon neutralization and carbon peak are proposed, hydrogen energy has received high attention from basic research and industrial application. To further optimize the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, this paper analyzes the flow field structure and energy management strategy of proton exchange membrane fuel cells for vehicles and makes a systematic summary on the basis of previous studies.

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Serban, Daniiel, Laurentia Alexandrescu, and Constantin Gheorghe Opran. "Research Regarding Molding of Fuel Cell Bipolar Plates Made of Polymeric-Carbon Composites." Materials Science Forum 957 (June 2019): 369–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.957.369.

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Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that convert chemical energy of fuels into electrical energy. Fuel cells were used in NASA space programs to generate energy to satellites and space capsules. Today fuel cells are used to power vehicles including automobiles, forklifts, buses, boats, motorcycles or submarines. Bipolar plates are components of the fuel cell stack and must be highly electrically conductive to obtain a good voltage across the stack and highly thermally conductive to help cooling. Bipolar plates were made of graphite and stainless steel to which additional surface treatments were added to improve properties. In order to reduce the costs of bipolar plates researchers were looking for alternatives: polymeric thermosets and thermoplastics composites. In our paper we analyse the composites polyethylene-carbon and polypropylene-carbon for which we investigated the mechanical properties for the compression-moulded samples. The mechanical, the electrical properties and flow length and the cavity pressure were analysed for the injection moulding in polyethylene-carbon with micro-profiles of 0.5mm x 0.2mm.

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Rojas Flores, Segundo, Orlando Pérez-Delgado, Nazario Naveda-Renny, Santiago M. Benites, Magaly De La Cruz –Noriega, and Daniel Alonso Delfin Narciso. "Generation of Bioelectricity Using Molasses as Fuel in Microbial Fuel Cells." Environmental Research, Engineering and Management 78, no. 2 (July 14, 2022): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.78.2.30668.

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The large amount of molasses that are generated in sugar-processing companies are not always redistributed for commercialization in by-products. Because of this, the present research uses these wastes as fuel in low-cost, lab-scale, single-chamber microbial fuel cells. Zinc and copper electrodes were used as electrodes and 100 mL of molasse in the chamber as fuel, managing to generate current and voltage peaks of 1.73 ± 0.13 mA and 0.953 ± 0.142 V. In monitoring the conductivity of the substrate, a maximum peak of 111.156 ± 8.45 mS/cm was observed, and a slightly acidic pH was observed throughout the monitoring. It was possible to obtain a power density of 5.45 ± 0.31 W/cm2 for a current density of 308.06 mA/cm2, while the yeast count showed a logarithmic curve throughout the monitoring. Finally, the molecular technique identified 100% of the special C. boidinii present in the anodic electrode. This research will give great benefits to sugar companies because they will be able to generate electricity using the molasses that cannot generate by-products.

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19

Piatkowski, Piotr, Iwona Michalska-Pozoga, and Marcin Szczepanek. "Fuel Cells in Road Vehicles." Energies 15, no. 22 (November 17, 2022): 8606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15228606.

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Issues related to the reduction of the environmental impact of means of road transport by the use of electric motors powered by Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells are presented in this article. The overall functional characteristics of electric vehicles are presented, as well as the essence of the operation of a fuel cell. On the basis of analyzing the energy conversion process, significant advantages of electric drive are demonstrated, especially in vehicles for urban and suburban applications. Moreover, the analyzed literature indicated problems of controlling and maintaining fuel cell power caused by its highest dynamic and possible efficiency. This control was related to the variable load conditions of the fuel cell vehicle (FCV) engine. The relationship with the conventional dependencies in the field of vehicle dynamics is demonstrated. The final part of the study is related to the historical outline and examples of already operating fuel cell systems using hydrogen as an energy source for energy conversion to power propulsion vehicle’s engines. In conclusion, the necessity to conduct research in the field of methods for controlling the power of fuel cells that enable their effective adaptation to the temporary load resulting from the conditions of vehicle motion is indicated.

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Ravichandran, Thareny, Juhana Jaafar, Hamid Ilbeygi, and Mochammad Purwanto. "REVIEW ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF FUEL CELLS AND ITS FUTURE PROSPECTS." Jurnal Teknologi 83, no. 3 (April 1, 2021): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v83.16438.

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Fossil fuels are unsustainable energy storage medium with pollution problems. With the limitation of fossil fuels, fuel cells, which are known as effective electrochemical converters, has attracted much attention. Present review paper provides a complete information on fuel cell technology and history which includes competing technologies, current status of research-and-development and its future direction. Fuel cell plays an important role in stationary applications from 1990s till now due to its efficiency upon reducing emissions.

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Grzeczka, Grzegorz. "Polymer Fuel Cells in Underwater Platforms." Solid State Phenomena 198 (March 2013): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.198.126.

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The analysis of the available fuel cells technologies indicates that Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) currently offer the highest attainable efficiency. This technology has been especially useful for underwater applications, since the moment it reached the greatest mass and volumetric power density among all available types of fuel cells (i.e. respectively more than 700 W/kg and 1100 W/dm3) [1,. The article presents the results of the preliminary research steps, aimed at establishing the genuine power supplying system of an underwater platform, to verify the applicability of this technology to specific underwater conditions.

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Ramírez-Cruzado, Andrea, Blanca Ramírez-Peña, Rosario Vélez-García, Alfredo Iranzo, and José Guerra. "Data from Experimental Analysis of the Performance and Load Cycling of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell." Data 5, no. 2 (May 20, 2020): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data5020047.

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Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that convert the chemical energy stored in fuels (hydrogen for polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells) directly into electricity with high efficiency. Fuel cells are already commercially used in different applications, and significant research efforts are being carried out to further improve their performance and durability and to reduce costs. Experimental testing of fuel cells is a fundamental research activity used to assess all the issues indicated above. The current work presents original data corresponding to the experimental analysis of the performance of a 50 cm2 PEM fuel cell, including experimental results from a load cycling dedicated test. The experimental data were acquired using a dedicated test bench following the harmonized testing protocols defined by the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission for automotive applications. With the presented dataset, we aim to provide a transparent collection of experimental data from PEM fuel cell testing that can contribute to enhanced reusability for further research.

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Wang, Qianqian, Bing Li, Daijun Yang, Haifeng Dai, Jim P. Zheng, Pingwen Ming, and Cunman Zhang. "Research progress of heat transfer inside proton exchange membrane fuel cells." Journal of Power Sources 492 (April 2021): 229613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.229613.

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Guo, Lei. "Research of Hydrogen Production by Dimethyl Ether Reforming in Fuel Cells." OALib 05, no. 01 (2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1104266.

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Musavi, S., and A. Rahimova. "Research of Sets of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells in Packed Version." Bulletin of Science and Practice 7, no. 12 (December 15, 2021): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/73/24.

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The stressed state of fuel cells in a package is considered. It was found that for αi=1.2×10−5k−1, the rational geometric characteristic for a planar SOFC in a batch design is γi=6×10−2. It is concluded that if the relative thickness of the edge element of the SOFC stack is of planar design γi>6×10−2, then the resulting deformation complication will be characterized by the loss of stability of the structure. Otherwise, i. e. at γi<6×10−2, stacked SOFC elements can lose stability until plasticity appears in their materials. Consequently, only at γi=6×10−2, the use of the potentials of structures can be achieved both in terms of the stability of its elements and the strength of their materials.

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Kempler, Paul A., John J. Slack, and Andrew M. Baker. "Research priorities for seasonal energy storage using electrolyzers and fuel cells." Joule 6, no. 2 (February 2022): 280–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2021.12.020.

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Tian, Yu Dong. "Research of Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells Modeling Based on Neural Computing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 389 (August 2013): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.389.81.

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The molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) is an important research field of the new energy generation equipment, and is a difficulty in the research field of high-temperature fuel cells at present. To aim at the MCFC modeling problem, the MCFC electrochemical mechanism process was analyzed firstly, then the MCFC modeling applied neural computing is advanced. Thirdly, the structure, algorithm and simulation of MCFC modeling based on feedback neural networks were presented in detail. Finally, the computer simulation and conducted experiment verified that this model was fast and accurate, and can be as a suitable operational model of MCFC real-time control.

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Yu, Li-jun, Wen-can Chen, Ming-jun Qin, and Geng-po Ren. "Experimental research on water management in proton exchange membrane fuel cells." Journal of Power Sources 189, no. 2 (April 2009): 882–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.01.037.

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THOMAS, S. "Direct methanol fuel cells: progress in cell performance and cathode research." Electrochimica Acta 47, no. 22-23 (August 2002): 3741–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0013-4686(02)00344-4.

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Koyama, M. "Collaboration Platform for Research and Development of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." ECS Proceedings Volumes 2003-07, no. 1 (January 2003): 1210–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/200307.1210pv.

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Kuterbekov, Kairat A., Alexey V. Nikonov, Kenzhebatyr Zh Bekmyrza, Nikita B. Pavzderin, Asset M. Kabyshev, Marzhan M. Kubenova, Gaukhar D. Kabdrakhimova, and Nursultan Aidarbekov. "Classification of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Nanomaterials 12, no. 7 (March 24, 2022): 1059. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12071059.

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Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) are promising, environmentally friendly energy sources. Many works are devoted to the study of materials, individual aspects of SOFC operation, and the development of devices based on them. However, there is no work covering the entire spectrum of SOFC concepts and designs. In the present review, an attempt is made to collect and structure all types of SOFC that exist today. Structural features of each type of SOFC have been described, and their advantages and disadvantages have been identified. A comparison of the designs showed that among the well-studied dual-chamber SOFC with oxygen-ion conducting electrolyte, the anode-supported design is the most suitable for operation at temperatures below 800 °C. Other SOFC types that are promising for low-temperature operation are SOFC with proton-conducting electrolyte and electrolyte-free fuel cells. However, these recently developed technologies are still far from commercialization and require further research and development.

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McDonnell-Worth, Ciaran J., and Douglas R. MacFarlane. "Progress Towards Direct Hydrogen Peroxide Fuel Cells (DHPFCs) as an Energy Storage Concept." Australian Journal of Chemistry 71, no. 10 (2018): 781. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch18328.

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This review introduces the concept of direct H2O2 fuel cells and discusses the merits of these systems in comparison with other ‘clean-energy’ fuels. Through electrochemical methods, H2O2 fuel can be generated from environmentally benign energy sources such as wind and solar. It also produces only water and oxygen when it is utilised in a direct H2O2 fuel cell, making it a fully reversible system. The electrochemical methods for H2O2 production are discussed here as well as the recent research aimed at increasing the efficiency and power of direct H2O2 fuel cells.

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Rajalakshmi, Natarajan. "Making Fuel Cells Work- Challenges." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2018-01, no. 32 (April 13, 2018): 1970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2018-01/32/1970.

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Fuel cells are remarkable in their potential for efficiently converting the energy locked up in chemical bonds to electrical energy in a single step, extracting more useful energy from the same amount of fuel than any other known device. Though for more than five decades, they have been heralded for their potential as a cost efficient, environmentally friendly means to convert, this has not been realized so far to its full potential. Fuel cell operations are complex and the state of affairs is partly due to the fact that it is easy to make a single working fuel cell in the lab, but building fuel cell stacks that generate useful power reliably, efficiently, and cheaply is another matter entirely. The challenge of making reliable, efficient fuel cells is rooted in the complexities of how they operate, which involves multiple chemical and physical interactions at the atomic level and at different time scales. Perhaps no advanced technology on the market today requires the scale, magnitude, and range of scientific, physical, and engineering knowledge that fuel cell technology requires. One important contribution is being slowly recognized, is the purity of fuel and air in the gas feed. As these fuel cells take to the roads and are likely to be deployed not always in clean “laboratory”. Recently our CFCT research group has started to look at the effect of likely contaminants like So2, Chlorine etc., in the fuel and air on fuel cell performance and its mitigation possibilities. The approaches developed vary from developing alternative catalysts like mesoporous Pt, alternative supports other than carbon, use of various oxidizers in the stream, operation at various current densities etc., The performance degradation was more severe at higher SO2 concentrations. At 100 ppm SO2 in air the performance degraded by 91% at the same potential. The power loss of the fuel cell could not be recovered by externally polarising the PEFC at 1.6 V. However, a 15 minute treatment with 0.4% O3 in air showed almost a 100% performance recovery of the 100ppm SO2 contaminated fuel cell. The enhanced recovery of the fuel cell is related both to the chemical reaction of O3 with the adsorbed sulphur contaminant, and an increase of cathode potential during the electrochemical treatment. However, in the case of multicells stacks, the recovery mechanism can be attributed to both a direct and indirect chemical processes, where Pt reacts with the adsorbed sulfur leading to drop in catalyst utilization at low current density regions. This can also be directly associated to weak and strong adhesion of sulfur species with platinum. However at higher current densities, in the presence of H2O, this undergoes rapid hydrolysis to form H2SO4, leading to 100% recovery. The performance of PEMFCs under the marine environment has also been studied for a longer duration and also the recovery mechanism of the PEMFC power pack after contamination. It has been observed that the NaCl is a major contaminant for PEMFC, compared to NOx and SOx, which are major contaminants for fuel cells operating in the in the land regions. The various catalysts that are studied for impurity studies and durability are mesoporous Pt, mesoporous Pt-Ru, N doped graphene as support for Pt based catalysts etc., These results will be presented. Figure 1

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Bi, Wen Yan, Hong Yang, Juan Miao, Yu Gui Zhang, and Jian Feng Wan. "Research on Solvent Extraction Process of Coal for Direct Carbon Fuel Cells." Advanced Materials Research 455-456 (January 2012): 862–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.455-456.862.

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Two different extraction methods, microwave extraction and traditional soxhlet extraction, were used to evaluate the optimal extraction process of coal for direct carbon fuel cells through enrichment efficiency of the organic components and extraction time required under the same extraction rate. The experimental results showed that the extraction rate of microwave extraction was 9.7368% when adopted tectonic coal of 8th coal mine as sample, selected 80mL pyridine as solvent, set 95W as microwave power and 3min as extraction time. Under the same extraction rate condition, soxhlet extraction time is 35.73h, and the extraction efficiency of the microwave extraction was 714.6 times that of the soxhlet extraction. The microwave extraction was a simplify and promising working for coal, which was used as raw fuel for direct carbon fuel cells, with fast extraction speed, large sample capacity, energy saving and environmental friendly.

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BI, Lei, Ze-Tian TAO, Ran-Ran PENG, and Wei LIU. "Research Progress in the Electrolyte Materials for Protonic Ceramic Membrane Fuel Cells." Journal of Inorganic Materials 25, no. 1 (December 25, 2009): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1077.2010.00001.

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张, 爱创. "Research Progress on Anode Pt-Based Catalysts for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells." Hans Journal of Nanotechnology 12, no. 03 (2022): 192–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/nat.2022.123022.

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李, 贵贤. "Research Progress and Prospect of Anode Catalysts for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells." Hans Journal of Chemical Engineering and Technology 11, no. 02 (2021): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/hjcet.2021.112009.

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李, 贵贤. "Research Progress and Prospect of Anodic Catalysts for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells." Hans Journal of Chemical Engineering and Technology 11, no. 05 (2021): 283–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/hjcet.2021.115038.

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Chen, Qi Hong, Jia Qi Wang, and Liang Huang. "Research on the DSP- Based Grid-Connect Inverter for 3kW Fuel Cells." Key Engineering Materials 474-476 (April 2011): 1740–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.474-476.1740.

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In this paper, the single-phase synchronization inverter of fuel cell is taken as the main topic. The network system topology, the control strategy and the phase-locked algorithm are analyzed in detail. The system’s main circuit topology, the software PLL principles and process are proposed, and they are verified by the experiments.

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Bi, Wen Yan, Hong Yang, Juan Miao, Yu Gui Zhang, and Jian Feng Wan. "Research on Solvent Extraction Process of Coal for Direct Carbon Fuel Cells." Advanced Materials Research 455-456 (January 2012): 862–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/scientific5/amr.455-456.862.

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41

Loskutov, A. B., E. N. Sosnina, A. I. Chivenkov, E. V. Kryukov, and A. P. Shashkin. "Research of experimental hybrid energy complex with fuel cells operating on biogas." E3S Web of Conferences 124 (2019): 01044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912401044.

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The article deals with the development of a hybrid energy complex (HEC) based on solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) operating on biogas. Low maneuverability of SOFC prevents a widespread use of such power installations in consumers’ power supply systems. The authors have developed the design of the HEC and an active-adaptive control system that allows solving the problem of SOFC low maneuverability. An experimental HEC consisting of a SOFC generation system, an accumulation system, a coupling system and a control system have been created. The research of the experimental HEC characteristics and the possibility of developing emergency situations during its operation has been carried out. The results of the charge and discharge characteristics of the accumulation system research, as well as the current and voltage dependences of the HEC coupling system are presented. The conducted studies have proved the effectiveness of the developed scientific and technical innovations.

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FANG, Yong, Ruiying MIAO, Tongtao WANG, Xindong WANG, and Shibi FANG. "RESEARCH PROGRESS OF POLYMER PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANES FOR DIRECT METHANOL FUEL CELLS." Acta Polymerica Sinica 009, no. 10 (November 5, 2009): 992–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1105.2009.00992.

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GONZALEZ, E., L. AVACA, J. OLIVEIRA, E. TICIANELLI, and A. FERREIRA. "Status of a research program on phosphoric acid fuel cells in Brazil." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 13, no. 3 (1988): 195–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-3199(88)90019-5.

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Ghosh, Dave, and Shao Hong Wu. "Developments of Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Technology at NRC's Institute for Fuel Cell Innovation." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.74.

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National Research Council (NRC) as the premier research and development organization within the government of Canada has the mandate of providing vital scientific and technological services to research and industrial communities. The NRC Institute for Fuel Cell Innovation (IFCI) is leading NRC’s National Fuel Cell Program and is working closely with academic, government, and industrial organizations to support fuel cell cluster in Vancouver and across Canada and to fulfill the innovation needs of Canadian fuel cell companies. The key programs at IFCI include: Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC), Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC), Hydrogen generation and infrastructure, and technology demonstration. NRC-IFCI’s impact on the fuel cell industry can be seen through the development and transfer of targeted and collaborative research projects addressing strategic and current technical gaps and providing infrastructure for research, development and demonstration. IFCI has been a catalyst in the coordination of industry’s responses to current commercialization barriers. This paper presents the latest research and development activities as well as demonstrations at NRC-IFCI.

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Mather, Glenn C., Daniel Muñoz-Gil, Javier Zamudio-García, José M. Porras-Vázquez, David Marrero-López, and Domingo Pérez-Coll. "Perspectives on Cathodes for Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells." Applied Sciences 11, no. 12 (June 9, 2021): 5363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11125363.

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Protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) are promising electrochemical devices for the efficient and clean conversion of hydrogen and low hydrocarbons into electrical energy. Their intermediate operation temperature (500–800 °C) proffers advantages in terms of greater component compatibility, unnecessity of expensive noble metals for the electrocatalyst, and no dilution of the fuel electrode due to water formation. Nevertheless, the lower operating temperature, in comparison to classic solid oxide fuel cells, places significant demands on the cathode as the reaction kinetics are slower than those related to fuel oxidation in the anode or ion migration in the electrolyte. Cathode design and composition are therefore of crucial importance for the cell performance at low temperature. The different approaches that have been adopted for cathode materials research can be broadly classified into the categories of protonic–electronic conductors, oxide-ionic–electronic conductors, triple-conducting oxides, and composite electrodes composed of oxides from two of the other categories. Here, we review the relatively short history of PCFC cathode research, discussing trends, highlights, and recent progress. Current understanding of reaction mechanisms is also discussed.

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Lo Faro, Massimiliano, Sabrina Campagna Zignani, and Antonino Salvatore Aricò. "Lanthanum Ferrites-Based Exsolved Perovskites as Fuel-Flexible Anode for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Materials 13, no. 14 (July 20, 2020): 3231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13143231.

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Exsolved perovskites can be obtained from lanthanum ferrites, such as La0.6Sr0.4Fe0.8Co0.2O3, as result of Ni doping and thermal treatments. Ni can be simply added to the perovskite by an incipient wetness method. Thermal treatments that favor the exsolution process include calcination in air (e.g., 500 °C) and subsequent reduction in diluted H2 at 800 °C. These processes allow producing a two-phase material consisting of a Ruddlesden–Popper-type structure and a solid oxide solution e.g., α-Fe100-y-zCoyNizOx oxide. The formed electrocatalyst shows sufficient electronic conductivity under reducing environment at the Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) anode. Outstanding catalytic properties are observed for the direct oxidation of dry fuels in SOFCs, including H2, methane, syngas, methanol, glycerol, and propane. This anode electrocatalyst can be combined with a full density electrolyte based on Gadolinia-doped ceria or with La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.2O3 (LSGM) or BaCe0.9Y0.1O3-δ (BYCO) to form a complete perovskite structure-based cell. Moreover, the exsolved perovskite can be used as a coating layer or catalytic pre-layer of a conventional Ni-YSZ anode. Beside the excellent catalytic activity, this material also shows proper durability and tolerance to sulfur poisoning. Research challenges and future directions are discussed. A new approach combining an exsolved perovskite and an NiCu alloy to further enhance the fuel flexibility of the composite catalyst is also considered. In this review, the preparation methods, physicochemical characteristics, and surface properties of exsoluted fine nanoparticles encapsulated on the metal-depleted perovskite, electrochemical properties for the direct oxidation of dry fuels, and related electrooxidation mechanisms are examined and discussed.

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Zubkova, Marina Yu, Vladimir I. Maslikov, Dmitry V. Molodtsov, and Alexander N. Chusov. "Experimental Research of Hydrogenous Fuel Production from Biogas for Usage in Fuel Cells of Autonomous Power Supply Systems." Advanced Materials Research 941-944 (June 2014): 2107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.941-944.2107.

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Possibility of creation of systems of power supply for autonomous consumers based on the new hydrogen technologies using local waste as an energy resource is shown. Amount of consumed gas for production 1 Cl of electricity at supply of hydrogen obtained by electrolysis and hydrogen-containing mixture with the residual content of methane at an identical oxidizer and pressure of fuel supply are commensurable. The possibility of effective operation of a fuel cell module on hydrogen-containing fuel (received from biogas) with the residual content of methane and the possibility of reach modes of effective use of fuel were confirmed. The consumption mixture with residual methane (2% vol.) is comparable (within 5%) with the required amount of hydrogen produced by electrolysis to generate the identical power at a predetermined time interval. The use of relatively cheap hydrogen-fuel derived from biogas from local secondary renewable resources can contribute to the creation of autonomous economical systems of power supply.

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Gao, Zhan, Liliana V. Mogni, Elizabeth C. Miller, Justin G. Railsback, and Scott A. Barnett. "A perspective on low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells." Energy & Environmental Science 9, no. 5 (2016): 1602–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ee03858h.

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Cao, Shan Shan. "Research of Silicon-Based Micro Direct Methanol Fuel Cell." Advanced Materials Research 981 (July 2014): 842–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.981.842.

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The objective of this study is to investigate appropriate configuration used for micro direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). We designed grid and spiral flow fields of electrode plate and simulated with ANSYS. Using silicon-based micro–electro–mechanical systems (MEMS) technology to fabricate the DMFCs with different flow fields and tested at room temperature. Grid flow field can effectively improve methanol mass transport performance and exhibit higher cell efficiency than spiral flow field, demonstrating 13 mAcm-2 and 3.9 mAcm-2 in peak current density respectively and the peak difference of power density is nearly an order of magnitude. We tested Cell performance in different concentration methanol and it shows the best performance in concentration 2M.

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Maiyalagan, T., and Sivakumar Pasupathi. "Components for PEM Fuel Cells: An Overview." Materials Science Forum 657 (July 2010): 143–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.657.143.

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Fuel cells, as devices for direct conversion of the chemical energy of a fuel into electricity by electrochemical reactions, are among the key enabling technologies for the transition to a hydrogen-based economy. Among the various types of fuel cells, polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are considered to be at the forefront for commercialization for portable and transportation applications because of their high energy conversion efficiency and low pollutant emission. Cost and durability of PEMFCs are the two major challenges that need to be addressed to facilitate their commercialization. The properties of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) have a direct impact on both cost and durability of a PEMFC. An overview is presented on the key components of the PEMFC MEA. The success of the MEA and thereby PEMFC technology is believed to depend largely on two key materials: the membrane and the electro-catalyst. These two key materials are directly linked to the major challenges faced in PEMFC, namely, the performance, and cost. Concerted efforts are conducted globally for the past couple of decades to address these challenges. This chapter aims to provide the reader an overview of the major research findings to date on the key components of a PEMFC MEA.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Fuel cells research'

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