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1
Gärd, Rune. "FT-IR and FT-Raman studies of colloidal ZnS." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, 1995. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-26295.
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Chen, De. "Examination of Fat Oxidation Products by FT-NMR & FT-IR." TopSCHOLAR®, 1993. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2213.
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Edible oils are easily oxidized when used for frying. Oxidation originates with double bonds present in unsaturated fatty acids. A new NMR method is presented which offers potential for determining the products of oil oxidation. High resolution fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance (FT-NMR) and fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy have found increasing use in biochemistry. One pure fat, trioleoylglycerol, was heated at 160°C in the presence of air Samples were taken for FT-NMR and FT-IR analyses at 4, 10. 20. 25, 35, 50, 70 and 100 hours. Proton, Carbon-13 and several types of two-dimensional FT-NMR spectra were obtained using a JEOL 270 Mhz instrument. The spectra suggest initial oxidation occurs by an allyl free radical mechanism facilitating the formation of epoxide and peroxide products.
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Sanches, Natália Beck. "Caracterização de proteções térmicas de EPDM POR PIR-G/FT-IR E TG/FT-IR." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2015. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3206.
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A borracha de EPDM vem sendo empregada com sucesso como proteção térmica flexível de motor foguete. Entretanto, sendo essa aplicação ainda recente em nosso país, existe a necessidade do desenvolvimento de metodologias de caracterização para o melhor entendimento de seus mecanismos de degradação e otimização de suas formulações. As metodologias existentes para análise de aditivos desse material envolvem etapa de extração, aumentando o tempo de análise. Sendo assim, nesta tese de doutorado, a borracha de EPDM crua e vulcanizada, bem como seus aditivos, foram investigados, sem extração, por pirólise gasosa aliada à espectroscopia no infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (PIR-G/FT-IR) e pelo acoplamento das técnicas termogravimetria (TG) e espectroscopia no infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (TG/FT-IR). Foi realizada também uma comparação entre os dados obtidos com as duas metodologias. Os resultados demonstraram que grupos funcionais dos aditivos podem ser detectados nas borrachas crua e vulcanizada, sem extração prévia. Os aditivos sulfurados TMTM e MBT, em teores tão baixos quanto 0,7 phr (0,63%), foram detectados por ambas as metodologias. Contudo, outros aditivos como óleo parafínico, ácido esteárico e TMQ não puderam ser identificados na borracha formulada. Individualmente, todos os aditivos analisados apresentaram espectros FT-IR distintos e foram identificados de forma inequívoca pelas metodologias PIR-G/FT-IR e TG/FT-IR.
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Rossell, Colleen A. "Authentication of Andean Flours using a Benchtop FT-IR System and a Portable FT-IR Spectrometer." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366303651.
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Chen, Fu-Tseng Andy. "Molecular Dynamics in the Liquid Phase by FT-NMR, FT-IR and Laser Raman Lineshape Analysis." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330608/.
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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) provides a convenient probe for the study of molecular reorientation in liquids because nuclear spin-lattice relaxation times are dependent upon the details of molecular motion. The combined application of Raman and Infrared (IR) lineshape analysis can furnish more complete information to characterize the anisotropic rotation of molecules. Presented here are the studies of NMR relaxation times, together with Raman/IR Mneshape analysis of the solvent and temperature dependence of rotational diffusion in 1,3,5-tribromobenzene and 1,3,5-trifluorobenzene. In these experiments, it was found that the rotational diffusion constants calculated from Perrin's stick model were two to three times smaller than the measured values of D, and D,,. Similarly, rotational diffusion constants predicted by the Hu-Zwanzig slip model were too large by a factor of 2. Application of the newer Hynes-Kapral-Weinberg model furnished rotational diffusion constants that were in reasonable agreement with the experimental results. The vibrational peak frequencies and relaxation times of the isotropic Raman spectra of the υ1 modes of CD2Br2 and CHBr3 were studied in solution. The frequency shifts in non-interactive solvents were explained well on the basis of solution variations in the dispersion energy. In Lewis bases, the displacements were in some, but not all, cases greater than predicted. On the other hand, it was found that the vibrational relaxation times of the C-H/C-D modes decreased dramatically in all Lewis base solvents. Therefore, it was concluded that relaxation times of the υ1 modes, rather than frequency shifts, furnish a more reliable measure of hydrogen bonding interactions of halomethanes in solution.
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Ingvordsen, Mette. "Anvendelse af semikvantitative ELISA progesterontest til bestemmelse af ovulationstidspunktet hos tæven = The use of semi-quantitative ELISA progesterone assay for determination the ovulation time in the bitch." [København] : Den kgl. Veterinær- og Landbohøjskole, Institut for Produktionsdyr og Heste, 2006. http://dvjb03.life.ku.dk/ft/SPECIALE%20METTE%20INGVORDSEN.pdf.
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Fox, Brigitte S. "FT-ICR studies of solvated ions." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=964184176.
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Anderson, Todd Sterling. "Isotope edited FT-IR of peptides." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11213.
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Weidt, Stefan K. "FT-ICR mass spectrometry of metalloproteins." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12146.
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Fourier transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) has been used to study a number of metalloproteins. The combination of high-resolution and mass-accuracy, along with fragmentation techniques such as CID, IRMPD and ECD, is shown to be a powerful method to probe metalloproteins and metallodrug interactions. The inherent high resolving power and mass measurement accuracy of the FT-ICR MS also enables the oxidation state of the metal present in a metalloprotein to be identified from the isotopically resolved spectra. Carbonic anhydrase II (29 kDa) is an enzyme that catalyses the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide and contains one Zn2+ ion. To investigate non-covalent protein-drug interactions, the inhibitor acetazolamide was added to a sample of carbonic anhydrase II. Nozzle-skimmer CID, IRMPD and titration methods were used to probe the strength of interaction of the carbonic anhydrase-acetazolamide complex. It was found that lower charge-states bind more strongly than higher charge-states suggesting that the protein unfolds when more protons are bound. FT-ICR MS was used to investigate the nature of adducts between the platinum anti-cancer drug cisplatin, and SOD. The structure showed a cisplatin adduct at His19 of beSOD, which had retained the chloride ligands; these are usually lost in aqueous conditions. After incubation with cisplatin, the mono-platinated species was the most prominent adduct observed. The use of 15N-labelled cisplatin led to unambiguous assignment of the two ammonia ligands being retained after binding to beSOD, supporting established cisplatin solution behaviour. Mass spectra of heSOD were more complex than those for beSOD due to phosphate buffer adducts and the loss or substitution of the chloride ligands. ECD fragmentation spectra of the isolated mono-platinum adduct of beSOD were used in order to localise the site of modification.
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Carneiro, Helena Silva Pereira. "Determinação de adulteração de etanol combustível com metanol através de análise multivariada no FT-MIR e FT-NIR." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2008. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/2149.
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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Química, 2008.Submitted by Larissa Ferreira dos Angelos (ferreirangelos@gmail.com) on 2009-09-10T20:36:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_HelenaSilvaPereiraCarneiro.pdf: 819350 bytes, checksum: 36c120ce227f4b7fac234c0ffdb7f713 (MD5)
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Os primeiros relatos a respeito do álcool no Brasil datam do início da década de 1920 quando, numa tentativa de auxiliar o mercado açucareiro que se encontrava em crise acentuada desde 1923, o governo Brasileiro adotou uma série de medidas para estimular a produção desse combustível. Porém, o uso do álcool teve início realmente apenas mais tarde, em 1975, com o lançamento do Programa Nacional do Álcool, o Proálcool, como forma de conter a crise de desabastecimento dos combustíveis causada pelo 1° choque do petróleo em 1973. Visava-se com o Proálcool proteger a economia do País e garantir a disponibilidade de combustível e energia. Atualmente, o uso do etanol combustível está se tornando mundial e o Brasil é o maior consumidor de etanol combustível na forma de Álcool Etílico Hidratado Combustível (AEHC). Devido às similaridades de propriedades físicoquímicas entre o etanol e o metanol, o etanol está sendo adulterado com metanol. Nessa dissertação de mestrado é proposto o uso de modelos de calibração por mínimos quadrados parciais (PLS) baseados em medidas no infravermelho médio por transformada de Fourier (FT-MIR) e no infravermelho próximo por transformada de Fourier (FT-NIR) como um método rápido, preciso, e exato para avaliar a qualidade do AEHC, bem como detectar a sua adulteração por metanol. Foram preparados oitenta padrões da mistura etanol/metanol/água. Sessenta desses padrões foram usados para a calibração e vinte para a validação dos modelos. As amostras de validação também foram analisadas por cromatografia gasosa com detector por ionização de chama (CG-FID) para determinar a quantidade de etanol e metanol. Os resultados mostram que dentre as técnicas espectroscópicas investigadas, o modelo PLS/FT-NIR apresentou o melhor desempenho para a detecção de metanol com um erro quadrado médio aleatório de predição (RMSEP, % m/m) de 0,15 comparado com 0,54 obtido pelo modelo PLS/FT-MIR, enquanto os resultados do CG-FID apresentaram um RMSEP de 0,52 (% m/m). A concentração mínima de metanol detectada com o modelo PLS/FT-NIR foi de 0,51 (% m/m). _______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
The first reports related to ethanol in Brazil date from 1920’s when, in an attempt of helping the sugar market that was in crisis since 1923, the Brazilian Government adopted a series of means to estimulate the production of this fuel. Although, the use of ethanol really began later, in 1975, with the launch of the Ethanol National Program, called Proálcool, as a form of contain the crisis of nonsupply of fuels caused by the 1° petroleum chock in 1973, protect the country economy and assure the availability of fuel and energy. Nowadays, the use of ethanol fuel is becoming worldwide and Brazil is the largest consumer of ethanol fuel as hydrated ethyl alcohol fuel (AEHC). Due to the similarities of the physical-chemical properties of ethanol and methanol, ethanol fuel is being adulterated with methanol. In the present work, we propose the use of partial least squares regression (PLS) calibration models based on Fourier transform mid-infrared (FT-MIR) and Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) measurements as a fast, precise, and accurate method to evaluate the quality of AEHC as well as to detect its adulteration with methanol. Eighty mixtures of methanol/ethanol/water standards were prepared. Sixty were used for calibration, and twenty, for validation. The validation samples were also analyzed by gas chromatography flame ionization detection (GC-FID) to determine the ethanol and methanol content. The results have shown that among the two investigated spectroscopic techniques, PLS/FT-NIR presented the best performance for the detection of methanol with a root-mean-square error of prediction (RMSEP % w/w) of 0.15 as compared to the value of 0.54 obtained by the FT-MIR model, while the GC-FID results presented a RMSEP of 0.52 (% w/w). The minimum detected net concentration of MeOH with the FT-NIR model was 0.51 (% w/w).
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Yozgatli, Hakan Peter. "Unsicherheitsbilanzen in der quantitativen FT-IR-Spektroskopie." Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=964732866.
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CRUZ, JOSE FLAVIO MARTINS. "CARACTEREZITION OF GASOLINES BY FT-RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2003. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=4333@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROVisando determinar os teores dos componentes relevantes e as propriedades físicas de gasolinas comerciais e sintéticas foram tomados espectros Raman de 60 gasolinas comerciais e 52 misturas sintéticas simulando gasolinas. Os espectros foram tomados em um espectrômetro Nicolet FT Raman 950. Os espectros brutos obtidos foram tratados para evitar a influência da variabilidade de potência do laser excitante sobre as intensidades das linhas Raman. As variáveis independentes (intensidades Raman ) e as variáveis dependentes (propriedades das gasolinas comerciais e misturas sintéticas ) foram centradas em torno da média e submetidas à regressão por mínimos quadrados parciais, visando ajustar modelos que permitissem predizer quantitativamente os teores de etanol, hidrocarbonetos saturados, insaturados e aromáticos além dos valores das propriedades MON, RON, densidade e pontos de ebulição inicial, final, a 10%, 50% e 90% das amostras em estudo. Os resultados obtidos mostraram a potencialidade da espectroscopia Raman, para o desenvolvimento de métodos confiáveis para a análise de diversas características das gasolinas estudadas.
The aim of this work was to determine the contents of the more important components and physical properties of commercial gasolines and synthetic mixtures with known composition, prepared in the laboratory. The Raman spectra of 60 gasolines and 52 mixtures were acquired with a Nicolet 950 Fourier Transform Raman (FT-Raman) spectrometer. The raw spectra were treated to avoid the laser potency variability on Raman lines intensities. The independent variables (Raman intensities) and the dependent variables (gasolines and mixtures properties) were mean centered and models were fit by partial least square regression seeking to predict the contents of ethanol, saturated, unsaturated and aromatic hydrocarbons. Also properties as MON, RON, density and boiling point values were determined by this procedure. The final results showed the potential of Raman spectroscopy for analysis of several properties of gasolines.
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Bärtsch, Martin. "FT-Raman-Spektroskopie an Spherosiloxanen und Zeolithen /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1994. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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MONSEN, KARA, Eric Loring, Clay Carroll, de Leon Ramon Diaz, Adam Ritter, and Milton Vellon. "DESIGN OF 30000 SQ-FT OFFICE BUILDING." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/190717.
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Bento, Ricardo Rodrigues de FranÃa. "Propriedades Vibracionais de Cristais de Pilocarpina.HCl, Pilosina e Epiisopilosina por Espectroscopias FT-Raman, FT-IR e CÃlculos Ab Initio." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1777.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de NÃvel SuperiorNeste trabalho foram estudados cristais de trÃs alcalÃides extraÃdos do Pilocarpus Microphyllus (Rutaceae): pilocarpina (utilizada no controle do glaucoma), pilosina e epiisopilosina. Medidas de espectroscopias FT-Raman e FT-IR foram utilizadas para se observar os modos normais de vibraÃÃo dos materiais. A substÃncia de pilocarpina investigada foi o clorohidrato de pilocarpina, que cristaliza-se numa estrutura monoclÃnica com duas unidades de HCl e duas molÃculas de pilocarpina por cÃlula unitÃria. A pilosina e a epiisopilosina foram cristalizadas em suas formas puras. CÃlculos de primeiros princÃpios foram realizados para se identificar todas as bandas que aparecem nos espectros vibracionais dos trÃs materiais. Em relaÃÃo ao cristal de pilocarpina clorohidrato tambÃm foram realizadas medidas de espalhamento Raman a baixas temperaturas obtendo-se indÃcio que a estrutura sofra uma transiÃÃo de fase entre 130 e 180 K. Medidas tÃrmicas Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) foram efetuadas para o mesmo material e uma transiÃÃo de fase de primeira ordem ocorrendo à temperatura de 463 K foi definida.
Neste trabalho foram estudados cristais de trÃs alcalÃides extraÃdos do Pilocarpus Microphyllus (Rutaceae): pilocarpina (utilizada no controle do glaucoma), pilosina e epiisopilosina. Medidas de espectroscopias FT-Raman e FT-IR foram utilizadas para se observar os modos normais de vibraÃÃo dos materiais. A substÃncia de pilocarpina investigada foi o clorohidrato de pilocarpina, que cristaliza-se numa estrutura monoclÃnica com duas unidades de HCl e duas molÃculas de pilocarpina por cÃlula unitÃria. A pilosina e a epiisopilosina foram cristalizadas em suas formas puras. CÃlculos de primeiros princÃpios foram realizados para se identificar todas as bandas que aparecem nos espectros vibracionais dos trÃs materiais. Em relaÃÃo ao cristal de pilocarpina clorohidrato tambÃm foram realizadas medidas de espalhamento Raman a baixas temperaturas obtendo-se indÃcio que a estrutura sofra uma transiÃÃo de fase entre 130 e 180 K. Medidas tÃrmicas Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) foram efetuadas para o mesmo material e uma transiÃÃo de fase de primeira ordem ocorrendo à temperatura de 463 K foi definida.
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Bento, Ricardo Rodrigues de França. "Propriedades Vibracionais de Cristais de Pilocarpina.HCl, Pilosina e Epiisopilosina por Espectroscopias FT-Raman, FT-IR e Cálculos Ab Initio." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2007. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/12470.
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BENTO, Ricardo Rodrigues de França. Propriedades Vibracionais de Cristais de Pilocarpina.HCl, Pilosina e Epiisopilosina por Espectroscopias FT-Raman, FT-IR e Cálculos Ab Initio. 2007. 236 f. Tese (Doutorado em Física) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física, Departamento de Física, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2007.Submitted by Edvander Pires (edvanderpires@gmail.com) on 2015-05-25T21:35:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_tese_rrfbento.pdf: 12120648 bytes, checksum: 471deb662f9800346105bf0f5c2384f9 (MD5)
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Neste trabalho foram estudados cristais de três alcalóides extraídos do Pilocarpus Microphyllus (Rutaceae): pilocarpina (utilizada no controle do glaucoma), pilosina e epiisopilosina. Medidas de espectroscopias FT-Raman e FT-IR foram utilizadas para se observar os modos normais de vibração dos materiais. A substância de pilocarpina investigada foi o clorohidrato de pilocarpina, que cristaliza-se numa estrutura monoclínica com duas unidades de HCl e duas moléculas de pilocarpina por célula unitária. A pilosina e a epiisopilosina foram cristalizadas em suas formas puras. Cálculos de primeiros princípios foram realizados para se identificar todas as bandas que aparecem nos espectros vibracionais dos três materiais. Em relação ao cristal de pilocarpina clorohidrato também foram realizadas medidas de espalhamento Raman a baixas temperaturas obtendo-se indício que a estrutura sofra uma transição de fase entre 130 e 180 K. Medidas térmicas Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) foram efetuadas para o mesmo material e uma transição de fase de primeira ordem ocorrendo à temperatura de 463 K foi definida.
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Silva, Cristiano Balbino da. "Estudo das propriedades vibracionais do diterpeno C20H28O4 e da xantoxilina C10H12O4, por espectroscopias FT-Raman, FT-IR e cÃlculos DFT." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8161.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgicoNeste trabalho foram estudadas as propriedades vibracionais de duas substÃncias orgÃnicas, extraÃdas de plantas comumente usadas na medicina popular: o diterpeno C20H28O4, extraÃdo do Croton argyrophylloides e a xantoxilina C10H12O4, extraÃda do Croton Nepetaefollius. Foram realizadas medidas de espectroscopia Raman por transformada de Fourier (FTRaman) e medidas de infravermelho por transformada de Fourier (FT-IR), para obtenÃÃo dos modos normais de vibraÃÃo das substÃncias. CÃlculos ab initio (primeiros princÃpios), usando a Teoria do Funcional de Densidade (DFT, density funcional theory) e de distribuiÃÃo de energia potencial (PED, Potential Energy Distribuiction), foram realizados para a identificaÃÃo das bandas presentes nos espectros vibracionais das duas substÃncias. Em relaÃÃo diterpeno, adicionalmente, foram feitas medidas de espalhamento Raman a baixas temperaturas, entre as regiÃes de 20 e 300K, para investigar indÃcios de uma possÃvel transiÃÃo de fase. Os espectros Raman nÃo apresentam mudanÃas significativas a baixas temperaturas, indicando que a estrutura cristalina do diterpeno à estÃvel entre 20 e 300K.
In this work we present results on vibrational properties of two organic substances that are used in popular medicine: diterpene C20H28O4, extracted from Croton argyrophyloides and xanthoxyline C10H12O4), extracted from Croton neptaefollius. In the present work we show Fourier Transform Raman spectroscopy (FT-Raman) measurements, as well as, Fourier Transform infra red (FT-IR) measurements, in order to obtain the vibrational normal modes of the two substances. Ab initio (first principle) calculations through density fuctional theory (DFT) and potential energy distribution (PED) were performed to assign the bands observed in both FT-Raman and FT-IR spectra. For diterpene, additionally, we performed Raman spectroscopy studies at low temperatures, 20 to 300K, in order to investigate evidence of a possible phase transition. However, the Raman spectra do not show significant changes, indicating that the diterpene crystalline structure is stable between 20 to 300K.
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Silva, Cristiano Balbino da. "Estudo das propriedades vibracionais do diterpeno C20H28O4 e da xantoxilina C10H12O4, por espectroscopias FT-Raman, FT-IR e cálculos DFT." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2012. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/13676.
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SILVA, Cristiano Balbino da. Estudo das propriedades vibracionais do diterpeno C20H28O4 e da xantoxilina C10H12O4, por espectroscopias FT-Raman, FT-IR e cálculos DFT. 2012. 119 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Física) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física, Departamento de Física, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2012.Submitted by Edvander Pires (edvanderpires@gmail.com) on 2015-10-20T20:04:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012_dis_cbsilva.pdf: 5017214 bytes, checksum: c710995a46a14065f6d077b27264f5fb (MD5)
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In this work we present results on vibrational properties of two organic substances that are used in popular medicine: diterpene C20H28O4, extracted from Croton argyrophyloides and xanthoxyline C10H12O4), extracted from Croton neptaefollius. In the present work we show Fourier Transform Raman spectroscopy (FT-Raman) measurements, as well as, Fourier Transform infra red (FT-IR) measurements, in order to obtain the vibrational normal modes of the two substances. Ab initio (first principle) calculations through density fuctional theory (DFT) and potential energy distribution (PED) were performed to assign the bands observed in both FT-Raman and FT-IR spectra. For diterpene, additionally, we performed Raman spectroscopy studies at low temperatures, 20 to 300K, in order to investigate evidence of a possible phase transition. However, the Raman spectra do not show significant changes, indicating that the diterpene crystalline structure is stable between 20 to 300K.
Neste trabalho foram estudadas as propriedades vibracionais de duas substâncias orgânicas, extraídas de plantas comumente usadas na medicina popular: o diterpeno C20H28O4, extraído do Croton argyrophylloides e a xantoxilina C10H12O4, extraída do Croton Nepetaefollius. Foram realizadas medidas de espectroscopia Raman por transformada de Fourier (FTRaman) e medidas de infravermelho por transformada de Fourier (FT-IR), para obtenção dos modos normais de vibração das substâncias. Cálculos ab initio (primeiros princípios), usando a Teoria do Funcional de Densidade (DFT, density funcional theory) e de distribuição de energia potencial (PED, Potential Energy Distribuiction), foram realizados para a identificação das bandas presentes nos espectros vibracionais das duas substâncias. Em relação diterpeno, adicionalmente, foram feitas medidas de espalhamento Raman a baixas temperaturas, entre as regiões de 20 e 300K, para investigar indícios de uma possível transição de fase. Os espectros Raman não apresentam mudanças significativas a baixas temperaturas, indicando que a estrutura cristalina do diterpeno é estável entre 20 e 300K.
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Balteanu, Iulia. "FT-ICR studies of transition metal cluster ions." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=974430919.
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Saunders, Charles William. "Characterization of cellulose esters via GPC/FT-IR." Diss., This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07282008-135448/.
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Xing, Jie, and 邢杰. "Applications of FT-Raman spectroscopy in starch analysis." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31243824.
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Damazio, Denis Bianchi. "Caracterização por FT-IR e TLC de EPDM." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2015. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3225.
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O controle das características qualitativas e quantitativas de uma composição de borracha é extremamente importante para a sua adequada aplicação em diferentes setores industriais. O desenvolvimento de metodologias qualitativas, as quais consigam detectar os componentes de um sistema elastomérico, especialmente os de menor proporção, é um desafio constante. Com relação à análise quantitativa de elastômeros, existe um número pequeno de metodologias na literatura que utilizam a espectroscopia no infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FT-IR), sendo que o método de obtenção de espectros é o de transmissão, ou seja, convencional, e dados como o preparo (tratamento) de amostras, número de repetições e erro de metodologia, normalmente, não são citados. Visando minimizar essas lacunas observadas, foi desenvolvida uma metodologia para a determinação dos teores de etileno (ET) e propileno (P) em amostras de borracha (elastômero puro, crua e vulcanizada), à base do copolímero de etileno-propileno-dieno monômero (EPDM), por FT-IR de reflexão total atenuada universal (UATR) e de transmissão, sendo as amostras analisadas tais como recebidas ou após pirólise, respectivamente. Embora ambas as técnicas tenham apresentado boa precisão, sendo a análise UATR mais apropriada para o elastômero puro, a realizada por transmissão/pirólise mostrou-se mais adequada à análise de todos os tipos de EPDM (elastômero puro, crua e vulcanizada), podendo ser usada para formulações similares. Foi também desenvolvida, outra metodologia para a determinação do teor de 5-etilideno 2-norborneno (ENB) em amostras de borracha (elastômero puro), à base do EPDM, por FT-IR de transmissão, sendo as amostras analisadas após pirólise controlada e em bico de Bunsen. Embora ambas as técnicas tenham apresentado boa precisão, a realizada por pirólise em bico de Bunsen, com uso de banda e concentração relativa, mostrou-se mais adequada à determinação e ao uso em cálculos complementares de teores de ET e P. Para a caracterização de aditivos, foi avaliada a aplicabilidade do acoplamento/associação de técnicas de cromatografia de camada fina e espectroscopia no infravermelho (TLC/IR), sendo os espectros IR obtidos por UATR. Foram utilizadas duas formulações desse elastômero, um tipo de sistema de eluente, sendo o reagente de Gibbs, o revelador. Basicamente, todos os componentes orgânicos foram detectados pela metodologia desenvolvida, sendo possível sugerir que possa ser aplicada para a detecção de aditivos, de estruturas químicas similares, mesmo presentes em pequenas quantidades na formulação.
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Johansson, Ursula. "Surface reactions on Kaolinite studied by FT-spectroscopy." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, 1997. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-18499.
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Farromeque, Espinoza Claudia Luz, Lucero Frank Roberto Mauricio, Montoya Lizbeth Paucca, and Celestino Marco Antonio Salazar. "Planeamiento estratégico para la empresa FT Constructores SAC." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/16684.
Full textAbstract:
FT Constructores SAC se dedica a la venta de departamentos en la ciudad de Lima
para el sector socioeconómico B, las viviendas son construidas con las normas peruanas
vigentes, y de acuerdo con las necesidades de los clientes. El mercado es cada vez más
exigente, por ende, la empresa debe innovar para consolidarse y alcanzar el éxito, con los
estándares más altos de calidad y desarrollar sus productos conservando el medio ambiente.
El plan estratégico desarrollado, evaluó la situación actual del sector inmobiliario y el
entorno interno de la empresa para definir las fortalezas y oportunidades, como los precios
competitivos, respaldo financiero, prestigio de la marca, bajas tasa de interés y subsidios del
gobierno; dentro de las debilidades y amenazas la carencia de un sistema de gestión integrado
(SGI), falta de un área de recursos humanos, incremento del precio de terrenos, crecimiento
lento del PBI e ingreso de inmobiliarias extranjeras. La visión integral del entorno propició
plantear cinco objetivos a largo plazo: (a) al año 2025, obtener al 100% las certificaciones del
SGI, (b) incrementar la rentabilidad de 7.58 a 12%, (c) participar en el mercado del sector A
de 0 a 10%, (d) incrementar las ventas de S/ 55.24 a S/ 97 millones y (e) invertir el 1% de la
utilidades en automatización y calidad, en consecuencia se ha retenido siete estrategias
intensivas: (a) importar directamente materiales y equipos, (b) desarrollar los proyectos con
el Bono Mivivienda Verde, (c) implementar nuevas tecnologías, (d) tener un SGI, (e)
desarrollar convenios con los proveedores, (f) ingresar al segmento A y (g) desarrollo de
nuevos productos.
Por último, FT Constructores tiene ventajas competitivas como el marketing, la
calidad y la flexibilidad al cambio, que le permite sostenerse en un mercado tan dinámico; las
estrategias, objetivos y políticas determinadas son coherentes a los intereses de la empresa,
proporcionando mayor rentabilidad y valor agregado, que deben implementarse para afrontar
los nuevos retos del sector inmobiliario del Perú.FT Constructores SAC is dedicated to the sale of apartments in socioeconomic sector B in the city of Lima, the products are built with current Peruvian standards, and according to the needs of customers. The market is increasingly demanding; therefore, the company must innovate to consolidate and achieve success, with the highest quality standards and develop its products while preserving the environment. The developed strategic plan evaluated the current situation of the real estate sector and the internal environment of the company to define strengths and opportunities, such as competitive prices, financial support, brand prestige, low interest rates and government subsidies; Within the weaknesses and threats, lack of an integrated management system (IMS), lack of an area of human resources, increase in land prices, slow GDP growth and income of foreign real estate. The comprehensive vision of the environment led to setting five long-term objectives: (a) by 2025, obtain 100% IMS certifications, (b) increase profitability from 7.58 to 12%, (c) participate in the sector market A from 0 to 10%, (d) increase sales from S / 55.24 to S / 96.67 million and (e) invest 1% of profits in automation and quality, consequently seven intensive strategies have been retained: (a) directly import materials and equipment, (b) develop the projects with the Green Mivivienda Bond, (c) implement new technologies, (d) have an Integrated Management System, (e) develop agreements with suppliers, (f) enter segment A and (g) development new products. Lastly, FT Constructores has competitive advantages pertaining to marketing, quality and flexibility to change, which enable it to sustain itself in such a competitive market; the strategies, objectives and determined policies are coherent to the interests of the company, providing greater profitability and added value, which must be implemented to face the new challenges of the real estate market in Peru.
Tesis
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Bolzenius, Sandra M. "The 1945 Black Wac Strike at Ft. Devens." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1385398294.
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Xing, Jie. "Applications of FT-Raman spectroscopy in starch analysis /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B24534341.
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Kalaskar, Vickey Santoro Robert J. "Emission characteristics of JP-8, JP-900, Fischer-Tropsch (FT) and JP-8/FT blends in a model gas turbine combustor." [University Park, Pa.] : Pennsylvania State University, 2009. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-4479/index.html.
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Ali, H. R. H. "Vibrational spectroscopic techniques (Raman, FT-IR and FT-NIR spectroscopy) as a means for the solid-state structural analysis of pharmaceuticals." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3343.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this work was to assess the suitability of vibrational spectroscopic techniques (Raman, FT-IR and FT-NIR spectroscopy) as a means for the solid-state structural analysis of pharmaceuticals. Budesonide, fluticasone propionate, salbutamol hemisulfate, terbutaline hemisulfate, ipratropium bromide, polymorphic forms of salmeterol xinafoate and two polymorphic forms of sulfathiazole were selected since they are used in the management of certain respiratory disorders and from different chemical and pharmacological entities along with some pharmaceutical excipients. Conventional visual examination is not sufficient to identify and differentiate spectra between different pharmaceuticals. To confirm the assignment of key molecular vibrational band signatures, quantum chemical calculations of the vibrational spectra were employed for better understanding of the first five selected drugs. The nondestructive nature of the vibrational spectroscopic techniques and the success of quantum chemical calculations demonstrated in this work have indeed offered a new dimension for the rapid identification and characterisation of pharmaceuticals and essentially warrant further research. The application of simultaneous in situ Raman spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry for the preliminary investigation of the polymorphic transformation of salmeterol xinafoate polymorphs and two polymorphic forms of sulfathiazole has also been explored in this work leading to the development of a new method for the solid-state estimation of the transition temperature of entantiotropically related pharmaceutical polymorphs which represents the first analytical record of the use of this approach for pharmaceutical polymorphs.
29
Carvalho, Luis Felipe das Chagas e. Silva de [UNESP]. "Análise de queilite actínica por espectroscopia micro FT-IR." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104569.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
A queilite actínica (QA) é uma lesão considerada potencialmente cancerizável, localizada principalmente em lábio inferior e causada pela exposição crônica à radiação UV. A Espectroscopia FT-IR fornece informações moleculares através de fenômenos ópticos observado pela vibração de suas moléculas. Tem sido empregada em estudos biológicos para a caracterização de alterações neoplásicas. No entanto, são escassos os estudos que envolvam processos potencialmente cancerizáveis. Objetivou-se avaliar QAs através da espectroscopia micro FT-IR com relação aos seus aspectos moleculares para região de fingerprint (900-1800 cm-1) e altos números de onda (2800-3600 cm-1), e ainda verificar a análise dos componentes principais (PCA) e regressão logística binária (RLB) como modelo de diagnóstico. Foram avaliadas 14 amostras de QA e 14 amostras de mucosas normal (MN), obtendo-se 5 espectros por amostra, totalizando 140 espectros avaliados (70 de cada grupo). Os resultados demonstrados pela análise dos componentes principais revelaram pelo gráfico de scree plot que os dez primeiros PCs deveriam ser utilizados na análise. As maiores variações observadas pelo gráfico de loading plot relacionaram-se aos modos vibracionais do colágeno, ácidos nucléicos, lipídios e água confinada. O modelo de regressão logística binária mostrou 80,6% de pares concordantes para região de fingerprint e 81,7% de pares concordantes para a região de altos números de onda. Concluiu-se que a espectroscopia micro FT-IR provê características moleculares importantes das 19 amostras de QA, evidenciadas tanto na região de fingerprint como na de altos números de onda.
Actinic cheilitis (AC) is a potentially precancerous lesion, located primarily in lower lip caused by chronic exposure to UV radiation. The FT-IR spectroscopy provides molecular information through optical properties observed by the vibration of its molecules. This technique has been used in biological studies for characterization of neoplastic tissues. However, there are few studies involving potentially cancerous processes. This study aimed to evaluate molecular changes on AC through micro FT-IR spectroscopy in fingerprint (900-1800 cm-1) and high wave numbers (2800-3600 cm- 1) region, and also to verify the principal components analysis (PCA) and binary logistic regression (BLR) as a model of diagnosis. We evaluated 14 samples of AC and 14 samples of normal mucosa (NM), resulting in 5 spectra per sample, totalling 140 spectra analyzed (70 from each group). The results demonstrated by PCA revealed by scree plot graph showed that the first ten principal components (PCs) should be used in the analysis. The largest variations observed by loading graph plot related to the vibrational modes of collagen, nucleic acids, lipids and confined water. The BLR model showed 80.6% of concordant pairs for the fingerprint region and 81.7% of concordant pairs of high wave numbers region. It was concluded that the micro FT-IR spectroscopy provides important molecular features of AC samples, evidenced both in the fingerprint and in the highwave numbers region.
30
Koch, Katharina. "Metalloide Cluster in der Gasphase FT-ICR-massenspektrometrische Untersuchungen /." Karlsruhe : Univ.-Verl. Karlsruhe, 2005. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=97809753X.
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Suárez, París Rodrigo. "Noble metal catalysts for the hydrocracking of FT waxes." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-158477.
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Bifunctional catalysts consisting of palladium or platinum and supported on amorphous silica-alumina were prepared and tested in the hydrocracking of n-hexadecane, which is considered to be representative of n-paraffins in hydrocracker feeds. In addition to the evaluation of the physicochemical properties, a comprehensive study on catalyst activity and selectivity has been conducted, in the full range of conversions. A theoretical model was proposed to fit the experimental conversion-selectivity data. The n-hexadecane reactivity pattern was expressed in terms of a reaction network involving lumps consisting of monobranched and multibranched n-hexadecane isomers, and cracking products. Pseudo first order kinetics and irreversible reaction steps were assumed in order to obtain the kinetic constants of each step. For the same metallic molar loading, a platinum-based catalyst proved more active than a palladium one. The reaction network model showed that cracking products were produced by means of a bifunctional mechanism on palladium catalysts, with n-hexadecane isomers as intermediates. However, on platinum catalysts, an additional monofunctional mechanism was observed. The noble metal catalyzes the hydrogenolysis of n-hexadecane without requiring any acid function. An increase in the platinum loading leads to an increase in the importance of this direct cracking route. The deactivation in the platinum-based catalysts is only due to coke formation, which deactivates the metal sites. The regeneration by means of a Temperature-Programmed Oxidation does not lead to a complete recovery of the metal function, according to the volumetric chemisorption measurements and the experimental selectivity data. Further work is required to determine the real causes.
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Carvalho, Luis Felipe das Chagas e. Silva de. "Análise de queilite actínica por espectroscopia micro FT-IR /." São José dos Campos : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104569.
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Orientador: Janete Dias AlmeidaBanca: Luiz Antonio Guimarães Cabral
Banca: Cristina Kurachi
Banca: Luciane Dias de Oliveira
Banca: Fábio Ramôa Pires
Resumo: A queilite actínica (QA) é uma lesão considerada potencialmente cancerizável, localizada principalmente em lábio inferior e causada pela exposição crônica à radiação UV. A Espectroscopia FT-IR fornece informações moleculares através de fenômenos ópticos observado pela vibração de suas moléculas. Tem sido empregada em estudos biológicos para a caracterização de alterações neoplásicas. No entanto, são escassos os estudos que envolvam processos potencialmente cancerizáveis. Objetivou-se avaliar QAs através da espectroscopia micro FT-IR com relação aos seus aspectos moleculares para região de fingerprint (900-1800 cm-1) e altos números de onda (2800-3600 cm-1), e ainda verificar a análise dos componentes principais (PCA) e regressão logística binária (RLB) como modelo de diagnóstico. Foram avaliadas 14 amostras de QA e 14 amostras de mucosas normal (MN), obtendo-se 5 espectros por amostra, totalizando 140 espectros avaliados (70 de cada grupo). Os resultados demonstrados pela análise dos componentes principais revelaram pelo gráfico de scree plot que os dez primeiros PCs deveriam ser utilizados na análise. As maiores variações observadas pelo gráfico de loading plot relacionaram-se aos modos vibracionais do colágeno, ácidos nucléicos, lipídios e água confinada. O modelo de regressão logística binária mostrou 80,6% de pares concordantes para região de fingerprint e 81,7% de pares concordantes para a região de altos números de onda. Concluiu-se que a espectroscopia micro FT-IR provê características moleculares importantes das 19 amostras de QA, evidenciadas tanto na região de fingerprint como na de altos números de onda.
Abstract: Actinic cheilitis (AC) is a potentially precancerous lesion, located primarily in lower lip caused by chronic exposure to UV radiation. The FT-IR spectroscopy provides molecular information through optical properties observed by the vibration of its molecules. This technique has been used in biological studies for characterization of neoplastic tissues. However, there are few studies involving potentially cancerous processes. This study aimed to evaluate molecular changes on AC through micro FT-IR spectroscopy in fingerprint (900-1800 cm-1) and high wave numbers (2800-3600 cm- 1) region, and also to verify the principal components analysis (PCA) and binary logistic regression (BLR) as a model of diagnosis. We evaluated 14 samples of AC and 14 samples of normal mucosa (NM), resulting in 5 spectra per sample, totalling 140 spectra analyzed (70 from each group). The results demonstrated by PCA revealed by scree plot graph showed that the first ten principal components (PCs) should be used in the analysis. The largest variations observed by loading graph plot related to the vibrational modes of collagen, nucleic acids, lipids and confined water. The BLR model showed 80.6% of concordant pairs for the fingerprint region and 81.7% of concordant pairs of high wave numbers region. It was concluded that the micro FT-IR spectroscopy provides important molecular features of AC samples, evidenced both in the fingerprint and in the highwave numbers region.
Doutor
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Bouclon, Julien. "Spectrométrie de masse FT-ICR bidimensionnelle, développements et applications." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEE002/document.
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La spectrométrie de masse fournit deux types d’informations : la masse moléculaire des molécules présentes dans un mélange, en une première expérience (MS), puis leurs structures après isolation suivie de fragmentation, obtenues une à une (MS/MS). La spectrométrie de masse FT-ICR bidimensionnelle permet d’obtenir toutes ces informations en une seule expérience, sans isolation, quelle que soit la complexité de l’échantillon. Le prix à payer est une faible résolution dans la dimension indirecte, pouvant être améliorée par une augmentation du temps d’analyse, mais qui semblait limiter cette technique à une simple curiosité scientifique.Le premier objectif est d’implémenter l’échantillonnage non uniforme (NUS) en FT-ICR MS 2D. Cette technique consiste en l’acquisition aléatoire du même nombre de points dans la dimension indirecte que lors d’une acquisition uniforme, mais sur une plage de t1max plus grande. Les points manquants sont ensuite reconstruits par des algorithmes, entrainant une augmentation significative de la résolution du signal sans perte de temps sur le spectromètre. La première étape est de créer un algorithme générant un échantillonnage aléatoire de distribution uniforme pour une couverture optimale de la plage de t1max. Les algorithmes de reconstruction ayant des difficultés à reconstituer des signaux de faible intensité quand le nombre de points non échantillonnés augmente, la deuxième étape est de déterminer le facteur de sous-échantillonnage optimal afin d’obtenir le bon compromis entre résolution et signal-sur-bruit. La troisième étape est de réaliser des spectres MS/MS ayant des massifs isotopiques corrects pour des fragments produits à partir des isotopes les plus lourds.Le deuxième objectif est de décrire le comportement des ions dans la cellule ICR en fonction des impulsions RF utilisées à partir des équations de Lorentz. Dans une première partie, le but est d’établir les équations qui régissent le mouvement des ions précurseurs jusqu’à leur détection. Ensuite, il s’agit d’introduire la fragmentation et de déterminer les solutions analytiques décrivant le mouvement des fragments. La dernière étape est de simuler le comportement des ions précurseurs tout au long de la séquence d’impulsions ainsi que celui des nuages de fragments, de leur formation à leur détectionMass spectrometry provides two kinds of information: the molecular mass of molecules present in a mixture, obtained all at once (MS), and structure through isolation and fragmentation, obtained one by one (MS/MS). Two-dimensional FT-ICR MS allows simultaneous parallel acquisition of structural information without isolation, regardless of the number of molecules. Nevertheless, the low resolution in the indirect dimension, which could be improved by increasing the acquisition time, seemed to limit this method to a simple curiosity. The first objective is to implement non-uniform-sampling (NUS) in 2D FT-ICR MS. This method consist in the random acquisition of the same number of points in the indirect dimension as in uniform acquisition, but over a wider t1max range. Processing algorithms then reconstruct skipped points, and the result is an increase of signal resolution without wasting analysis time. The first step is to create an algorithm that can generate random sampling with a uniform distribution for an optimal coverage of the t1max range. Processing algorithms may have trouble to reconstruct small peaks when the number of skipped points increases. The second step is to choose the under-sampling ratio for the best compromise between the gain in resolution and the signal-to-noise ratio. The third and last step is to obtain MS/MS spectra with corrects isotopic patterns for fragments produced from heavy isotopes. The second objective is to improve the understanding of ion motions in ICR cells depending on the RF pulses by using Lorentz equations. The first goal is to determine the equations governing precursors motions until their detection. Then the fragmentation will be introduced and analytical solutions describing fragments motions will be established. The last step is to simulate the trajectories of precursors throughout the entire pulse sequence as well as the behavior of fragments clouds, from their formation to detection
34
Hrubý, Jan. "Marketingový plán a jeho realizace pro ATLANTIK FT,a.s." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-17456.
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Nowadays, marketing tools are the key factors to enforce the market as well as to seek new customers. Therefore, marketing planning should be the integral part of any enterprise that wants to succeed in markets. The aim of this Diploma Thesis is to point out the practical aspects of how to process the marketing plan of a particular product. On this basis, it will be able to find the result of the real compliance between theoretical methods how to prepare a marketing plan, generally described in literature, and the real practice. The theoretical part describes general information about the marketing plan and its particular parts, as well as their preparation, implementation and verification. The rest of the Thesis is focused on the description of the real preparation of the new product called eATLANTIK within a company ATLANTIK FT, a. s.. It consists of initial impulse based on the long-term strategic goals, through the preparation of specific parts of the marketing plan. The following methodological tools were utilized in the Thesis: observation, description, deduction, comparison, and other applications.
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Deneke, Fred, Tom DeGomez, Jeff Schalau, and Chris Jones. "FIREWISE Plant Materials for 3,000 ft. and Higher Elevations." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146942.
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DeGomez, Tom, Jeff Schalau, Chris Jones, and Steve Campbell. "FIREWISE Plant Materials for 3,000 ft. and Higher Elevations." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/239602.
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Costa, Victor Franco. "Consenso FT-CUP em redes desconhecidas: um estudo experimental." Universidade Federal da Bahia. Escola Politécnica, 2009. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/18624.
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O consenso e um problema fundamental em sistemas distribuídos que pode ser utilizado como diretiva básica para o desenvolvimento de aplicações distribuídas tolerantes a faltas. Informalmente, o consenso tem o objetivo de fazer com que todos os processos corretos do sistema decidam por um valor único proposto pelos mesmos. Redes móveis ad hoc (ou MANET) são redes dinâmicas constituídas por um conjunto de processos ou nos, onde o canal de comunicação existente entre eles é tipicamente sem fio. Exemplos destas redes são as redes de sensores e sistemas cooperativos compostos de robôs móveis. O FT-CUP é uma solução para o consenso tolerante a faltas em redes dinâmicas. Nestas redes, o conhecimento prévio dos participantes e uma hipótese muito forte a ser considerada. Por isso, ao contrário do consenso clássico, o FT-CUP não tem esse conhecimento como requisito. De fato, existem poucos trabalhos de consenso que sejam adequados ao contexto de redes dinâmicas. Além disso, poucos deles apresentam uma análise do desempenho dos protocolos propostos. Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo complementar os resultados teóricos alcançados ate então para a resolução do FT-CUP e analisar os aspectos práticos da sua realização em redes MANET. Para isso, são propostas implementações para os algoritmos necessários ao FT-CUP e realizadas simulações em cenários realistas. A partir dos resultados obtidos nos experimentos de simula coes, chegou-se a um conjunto de parâmetros para os quais e possível a convergência do FT-CUP, definindo-se então as características de uma rede onde o consenso pode ser resolvido de maneira aproximada. Determinou-se também o comportamento do protocolo a partir de diferentes variações de cenários e parâmetros usados nas execuções das simulações.
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Wang, Shuman. "Investigating BBC's and FT's operations in China through comparison between their Chinese and English online news portals." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25677.
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This study addresses the issue of overseas news production of foreign news media when they enter the market of the Mainland China. By making an in-depth investigation of BBC’s and the FT’s operations in China and comparing the news texts of the two news media’s Chinese online portals with that of their British online portals, differences in terms of narratives, semantics, plot emphasis, and ideologies are identified and analysed, thus revealing the cross-cultural behaviour patterns of the two prominent British news media in terms of balancing between British journalistic ideology and Chinese regulations, western journalistic style and Chinese readers’ tastes, and between moral standards and commercial profit. The four online portals are compared through three Chinese news events that took place in the year 2012: the downfall of Chinese high ranking official Bo Xilai; the large-scale anti-Japan protests in the summer of 2012; and Chinese writer Mo Yan winning the Nobel Prize for Literature. The three news events covered the fields of politics, economy, society and culture. The investigating methods include quantitative analysis and framing analysis of the news reports on the three news events produced by the four online portals, translation study of the translated news reports of the four online portals and semi-structured interviews with journalists and editors of BBC Chinese and the FT. The central argument is that BBC and the FT act differently in China and in the UK so as to cater to local media markets on many aspects including journalistic practice, coverage of local news, and media policy. Such changes in some cases do not remain consistent with their claims to represent the same news media. Consequently, the Chinese branches of the two prominent British news media become neither a British journalistic ideology carrier nor a copycat of a Chinese native news producer but rather a mixture of both cultures.
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Wenning, Mareike. "Identifizierung von Mikroorganismen aus Lebensmitteln durch Fourier-transformierte Infrarot-(FTIR)-Mikrospektroskopie." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=973392762.
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Mitzel, Holger. "Untersuchungen zur Struktur von V 2 O 5 - Trägerkatalysatoren und die Bestimmung ihrer katalytischen Eigenschaften in der Oxidation von o-Xylol und 1,3-Butadien." [S.l. : s.n.], 1997. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB10324529.
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Schwiebert, Ryan C. "Faithful Torsion Modules and Rings." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1304363925.
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Li, Gonghu. "FT-IR studies of zeolite materials characterization and environmental applications /." Diss., University of Iowa, 2005. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/96.
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Poon, Yuen-fan. "Raman and FT-IR spectroscopic investigation of chemically modified starches." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36176102.
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Büchner, Michael. "FT-ICR-massenspektrometrische Untersuchungen: Gasphasen-Reaktivität ionisierter Halogenalkene gegenüber Nukleophilen." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=960862498.
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Hahn, Andrea [Verfasser]. "FT-ICR-massenspektrometrische Untersuchungen zur Fragmentierung isomerer Oligosaccharide / Andrea Hahn." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1035637766/34.
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Poon, Yuen-fan, and 潘宛芬. "Raman and FT-IR spectroscopic investigation of chemically modified starches." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36176102.
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Sprunt, John. "Structural polymorph characterisation using fibre-optic linked FT-Raman-DSC." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267561.
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A low-cost fibre-optic probe was constructed, and used to provide an optical link between an FT-Raman spectrometer and a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). The resulting Simultaneous Raman-DSC (SRD) method combines the vibrational structural information of FT-Raman spectroscopy with the thermal data of DSC, which is particularly useful for characterisation of samples exhibiting temperature- and thermal conditioning-dependent polymorphic (i. e. structural) changes. The samples chosen for method development and structural study were ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), the triglyceride sn-1,3-distearoyl-2-oleoyl glycerol (SOS), cocoa butter (which is chiefly composed of a mixture of monounsaturated triglycerides), and some chocolates of differing composition. The bifurcated `6-around-i' parallel fibres probe design allowed Raman spectra to be collected from unencapsulateds amplesi n the normal DSC sample position without extensive mechanical modifications or the use of extra optical components. Method development using the above samples showed that the combined SRD sampling has various effects on collected data. With this probe design, a "glass background" spectrum is superimposed on the Raman spectrum, and must be subtracted using the spectrometer software. At raised temperatures, a thermal emission feature appears in the Raman spectrum at high wavenumber shift. The incident laser light was found to raise sample temperatures by around 1.5-3K. Raman spectra were therefore collected with samples held around 10K below transition onset temperatures. The necessary lack of encapsulation resulted in broadened thermal transitions in DSC heating curves, and potential heat loss due to radiative emission at raised temperatures. However, for samples analysed near room temperature, onset melting points for transitions with the laser off were not significantly altered by SRD sampling. Ammonium nitrate is often irreproducible in it's exact phase transition thermal behaviour. SRD analysis showed the expected phases IV, III, II and I at room temperature and above at normal atmospheric pressure. Raman spectra could then be unambiguously assigned to the respective phases. Comparison with previous literature work allows the spectral changes seen to be interpreted using symmetry-based rationalisations. The triglyceride SOS was found to conform well to the literature thermal behaviour. SRD analysis showed DSC heating curves with onset melting points and features identifying the polymorphs produced as a, , y, ß', ß2 and [il. A literature survey allows the corresponding Raman spectra to be interpreted in the light of structural packing suggestions made by workers using various other analytical techniques. Cocoa butter was successfully prepared in states 3,4,5 and 6 of the six polymorphs known to exist. DSC melting behaviour and heating curve shapes were used to unambiguously relate Raman spectra to the individual polymorphs. Interpretation of Raman spectra was based on the SOS triglyceride SRD results, together with structural packing suggestions from the literature. A selection of chocolate samples were also analysed by SRD. Those with a high cocoa butter content were found to approximate well to the thermal and structural behaviour of pure cocoa butter.
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Grogin, Lisa M. "A Regional Groundwater Flow Model of Ft. Belvoir Military Reservation." Master's thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/46533.
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Contaminant fate and transport are two of the most important issues project officers have to deal with when developing a sound remediation strategy for a subsurface contamination site. To accurately assess these issues, knowledge of possible pathways, travel times and groundwater receptors are required. A groundwater flow model of a site facilitates the assessment process by determining flow paths, discharge areas and travel time from a contaminant source to a potential receptor. The resulting model can also be used to show potential impacts on drinking water sources and surface habitats.
This project is Phase II of the proposed three phase project, Groundwater Flow Modeling of the Aquifer System at Ft. Belvoir (Widdowson, 1998). Phase I consisted of developing a conceptual model of the aquifer system, recommending a modeling strategy and developing a data collection strategy. The objectives of this phase are to design and construct a computer simulation of the groundwater flow system in the aquifers below Ft. Belvoir and to develop a strategy for improved data collection using the results of the model. Steps in this phase included creation of the numerical model, calibration to known water surface elevations, and a sensitivity analysis of the boundary conditions. The numerical model was created in the Department of Defense Groundwater Modeling System environment using MODFLOW.
The model was calibrated to pre-1970 wells for the deep aquifer and recent site characterization wells for the upper aquifer. The head distribution was influenced the greatest by topography and the major creeks. Accuracy of the well surface elevations played a major role in the calibration process, as well as tidal influences. A sensitivity analysis showed that adjusting the recharge and the seepage face parameters affected the model results (head and groundwater flow rates) the greatest. While adjusting the constant head and general head boundaries affected the model results the least.Master of Science
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Trebilcock, Gac Javiera, and Grassi Ximena Fernández. "Desarrollo de línea de climatización segmento doméstico para FT Chile." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/143266.
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TESIS PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE MAGÍSTER EN ADMINISTRACIÓN
Javiera Trebilcock Gac [Parte I], Ximena Fernández Grassi [Parte II]El uso del aire acondicionado en Chile es una tendencia que va en aumento. En el año 2010 menos del 1% de las viviendas chilenas usaban aire acondicionado. Sin embargo, se estima que en el año 2022 cerca del 3% aproximado del total de hogares del país ocuparán esta opción de climatización, lo que representará un total de cerca de 350.000 equipos instalados. Varios factores explican este crecimiento de la demanda: El cambio climático que estamos experimentando; El incremento en los niveles de polución ambiental y la mayor concientización que la población está teniendo respecto al cuidado del medio ambiente y a la seguridad, que nos hace buscar opciones más amigables con el medio ambiente y más seguras con quienes las usan. Un mayor interés por incrementar el nivel de confort térmico en los hogares y el ahorro energético. Una “cultura de la climatización” que está acercando cada vez más a las personas, la opción de climatizar los hogares con aire acondicionado. El proyecto se realizará por etapas, iniciando en la zona centro de Chile, que abarca la Región Metropolitana, Valparaíso y O’Higgins, para luego seguir penetrando en las demás regiones de Chile a través de una red de distribuidores exclusivos localizados en cada una de ellas. Su expansión se realizará a través de una red de instaladores y distribuidores fidelizados y formados por la compañía que llegarán en forma directa al usuario final. Este canal instalador, potenciado por la calidad de nuestros productos, el know-how de la compañía y la calidad de nuestro servicio técnico, sumado a la creación de esta cultura de la climatización, serán los pilares de esta propuesta. Este proyecto puro es rentable para la compañía con un Valor Actual Neto de CLP 967.791.815 y un Periodo de Recuperación de tres años. La Tasa Interna de Retorno será de 75%, una vez descontados los flujos. Se espera obtener ingresos por CLP 3.112.223.725 al sexto año, y un EBITDA de CLP 531.244.094
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Mogwaneng, Pheladi Junior. "Optimization of rolling mill oils evaluation using FT-IR spectroscopy." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08132008-103521.
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