Journal articles on the topic 'FSI'

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1

Xia, X., L. J. Zhou, W. Wang, and H. R. Zhang. "Comparison of acoustic-structure based one-way FSI and two-way FSI." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 627 (January 7, 2021): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/627/1/012013.

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2

Nikolay, Kostv, and Tayfun E. Tezduyar. "2B15 Histology-based prestress for arterial FSI computations : Histology-based prestress for arterial FSI computations." Proceedings of the Bioengineering Conference Annual Meeting of BED/JSME 2013.25 (2013): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmebio.2013.25.301.

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3

GÜCÜYEN, Engin, R. Tuğrul ERDEM, and Ümit GÖKKUŞ. "FSI ANALYSIS OF SUBMARINE OUTFALL." Brodogradnja 67, no. 2 (June 17, 2016): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21278/brod67205.

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4

TAKIZAWA, KENJI, DARREN MONTES, MATTHEW FRITZE, SPENSER MCINTYRE, JOSEPH BOBEN, and TAYFUN E. TEZDUYAR. "METHODS FOR FSI MODELING OF SPACECRAFT PARACHUTE DYNAMICS AND COVER SEPARATION." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 23, no. 02 (January 8, 2013): 307–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218202513400058.

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Fluid–structure interaction (FSI) modeling of spacecraft parachutes involves a number of computational challenges beyond those encountered in a typical FSI problem. The stabilized space–time FSI (SSTFSI) technique serves as a robust and accurate core FSI method, and a number of special FSI methods address the computational challenges specific to spacecraft parachutes. Some spacecraft FSI problems involve even more specific computational challenges and require additional special methods. An example of that is the impulse ejection and parachute extraction of a protective cover used in a spacecraft. The computational challenges specific to this problem are related to the sudden changes in the parachute loads and sudden separation of the cover with very little initial clearance from the spacecraft. We describe the core and special FSI methods, and present the methods we use in FSI analysis of the parachute dynamics and cover separation, including the temporal NURBS representation in modeling the separation motion.
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5

Patel, Yogesh Ramesh. "FSI in Wind Turbines: A Review." International Journal of Recent Contributions from Engineering, Science & IT (iJES) 8, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijes.v8i3.16595.

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This paper provides a brief overview of the research in the field of Fluid-structure interaction in Wind Turbines. Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) is the interplay of some movable or deformable structure with an internal or surrounding fluid flow. Flow brought about vibrations of two airfoils used in wind turbine blades are investigated by using a strong coupled fluid shape interplay approach. The approach is based totally on a regularly occurring Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code that solves the Navier-Stokes equations defined in Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) coordinates by way of a finite extent method. The need for the FSI in the wind Turbine system is studied and comprehensively presented.
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6

Hallwachs, Dominic, Matthias Heinz, and Hendrik Grashof. "FSI: implementation, validation and industrial applications." Progress in Computational Fluid Dynamics, An International Journal 14, no. 1 (2014): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/pcfd.2014.059200.

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7

Kroyer, Robert. "FSI analysis in supersonic fluid flow." Computers & Structures 81, no. 8-11 (May 2003): 755–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0045-7949(02)00423-6.

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8

Tezduyar, Tayfun E., Kenji Takizawa, Creighton Moorman, Samuel Wright, and Jason Christopher. "Multiscale sequentially-coupled arterial FSI technique." Computational Mechanics 46, no. 1 (October 10, 2009): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00466-009-0423-2.

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9

Zhang, L., S. A. Tijsseling, and E. A. Vardy. "Fsi Analysis of Liquid-Filled Pipes." Journal of Sound and Vibration 224, no. 1 (July 1999): 69–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jsvi.1999.2158.

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10

Birken, Philipp, Karsten Quint, Stefan Hartmann, and Andreas Meister. "Choosing norms in adaptive FSI calculations." PAMM 10, no. 1 (November 16, 2010): 555–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pamm.201010270.

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11

Snashall, N. "Alglat for Modules over FSI Rings." Journal of Algebra 158, no. 1 (June 1993): 130–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jabr.1993.1127.

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12

Mazaheri, Hashem, and Amin Khodabandehloo. "FSI and non-FSI studies on a functionally graded temperature-responsive hydrogel bilayer in a micro-channel." Smart Materials and Structures 31, no. 1 (November 19, 2021): 015007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-665x/ac36ae.

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Abstract Taking into account both fluid-structure interaction (FSI) and non-FSI simulations, the deformation of a bilayer is investigated in this paper. The bilayer, which is utilized in a micro-channel, consists of a Functionally-graded (FG) temperature-responsive hydrogel layer and an incompressible elastomeric one. Allocating two different positions to the elastomeric layer, we make two different bilayers where in one of them, the elastomer layer is located on the left (LSE) and on the right (RSE) in another one. Also, to see the effect of grading, two bilayers with homogenous hydrogel layers with different amounts of cross-linking density are considered. For FG cases in which the hydrogel layer’s properties vary through thickness direction, both ascending and descending arrangements are analyzed. Each simulation, whether it is FSI or non-FSI, is conducted utilizing three software. FLUENT for fluid domain examinations, ABAQUS for finite element method analysis, and MpCCI to couple two aforementioned simulation domains. By extracting and comparing both simulations results, it is observed that the influence of the fluid flow is very significant and should not be ignored. Moreover, it is discovered that the fluid flow affects more the RSE configuration and also the bilayers with lower amounts of cross-linking density. Finally, we investigate how some parameters, such as inlet pressure, can affect the behavior of the bilayer.
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13

Amiri, Arya, and Hashem Mazaheri. "Study on the behavior of a temperature-sensitive hydrogel micro-channel via FSI and non-FSI approaches." Acta Mechanica 231, no. 7 (April 22, 2020): 2799–813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-020-02673-z.

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14

Jang, Sung-Cheol, Won Taick Jung, and Woon-Jae Park. "FSI Analysis of Piston Tilting for Pneumatic Actuator." Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence 19, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 144–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21289/ksic.2016.19.3.144.

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15

Liu, Chengpei, and Junping Hu. "A FSI-thermal model to analyze performance characteristics of hydrostatic turntable." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 70, no. 9 (November 19, 2018): 1692–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-09-2017-0250.

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Purpose This paper aims to study the performance of hydrostatic turntables by using fluid structure interaction (FSI) and thermal effect coupled model. Design/methodology/approach A novel fluid-structure-thermal coupled model is set up to study the problem. The FSI technique and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method are used by this new model, and the thermal effects are also considered. Hydrostatic turntables with different system parameters (oil supply pressure, oil recess depth and surface roughness) are studied under different working conditions (rotational speeds of turntable and exerted external loads). Performance characteristics obtained from this FSI-thermal coupled model and conventional model are presented and compared. Findings Theoretical predictions are in good agreement with the experimental data. The results of new FSI-thermal coupled model are more accurate than those of the old conventional model. To acquire better performance of the system, the novel FSI-thermal model becomes necessary for different hydrostatic turntable systems. Originality/value This developed model is a useful tool for studying hydrostatic turntables. To get an improved performance, a proper selection of design parameters of the system based on FSI-thermal model is essential.
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16

Paquette, Thomas. "Printed Circuit Assembly FSI (Failure Scene Investigation)." EDFA Technical Articles 7, no. 4 (November 1, 2005): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.edfa.2005-4.p016.

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Abstract This article presents best practices and procedures for analyzing printed circuit board assembly failures. It discusses the role of electrostatic discharge and electrical overstress, the increasing complexity of ball grid arrays and buried vias, the challenges associated with lead-free solder processes, and the problems caused by counterfeit components flowing into our supply lines. It also includes a summary of the tools available to failure analysts and how they are best put to use
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17

Kanai, Taro, Kenji Takizawa, Yuuki Tsutsui, Ryan Kolesar, and TayfunE Tezduyar. "2509 FSI Simulation of a Drogue Chute." Proceedings of The Computational Mechanics Conference 2013.26 (2013): _2509–1_—_2509–3_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecmd.2013.26._2509-1_.

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18

TAKI, Y. "An Adaptive Mesh Rezoning for FSI Problems." International Journal of Computational Fluid Dynamics 7, no. 1-2 (July 1996): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10618569608940753.

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19

Glück, Karl-Heinz, Ulrich Göbel, Hermann Hahn, Jürgen Höhne, Rudolf Krebs, Thomas Kreuzer, and Ekkehard Pott. "Die Abgasreinigung der FSI-Motoren von Volkswagen." MTZ - Motortechnische Zeitschrift 61, no. 6 (June 2000): 402–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03226580.

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20

Kaneko, Shigeki, Giwon Hong, Naoto Mitsume, Tomonori Yamada, and Shinobu Yoshimura. "Partitioned-coupling FSI analysis with active control." Computational Mechanics 60, no. 4 (May 27, 2017): 549–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00466-017-1422-3.

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21

Fukunaga, Kiyoji, Sigeru Kakigi, Takao Ohsawa, Akira Okihana, and Tsuguhisa Sekioka. "Three-Body Breakup Reaction in FSI Region." Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 56, no. 7 (July 15, 1987): 2357–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jpsj.56.2357.

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22

Khannous, F., C. Guivier-Curien, M. Gaudry, P. Piquet, and V. Deplano. "Residual type B aortic dissection FSI modeling." Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering 23, sup1 (October 19, 2020): S153—S155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2020.1812165.

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23

El Maani, R., B. Radi, and A. El Hami. "Multiobjective backtracking search algorithm: application to FSI." Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization 59, no. 1 (August 23, 2018): 131–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00158-018-2056-6.

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24

Zhang, Ting, Huan Huan Ding, Yan Su, and Hong Chen. "Modal Analysis of Multi-Span Pipes Conveying Fluid Based on Three Different FSI Methods." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 2525–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.2525.

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The modal analysis of pipes conveying fluid considering the influence of Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) is always a topic in flow and solid mechanics fields worth study. Three methods of coupling, the direct FSI method, the one-way FSI method and the bidirectional FSI method, with the velocity’s influence on pipe system’s natural frequency were considered in this study. The results of pipe’s dynamic behavior indicate that the two-way FSI method can get a more reasonable result. Furthermore, when velocity changes in a small range far from critical velocity, velocity makes very little influence on system’s nature frequency. The result was compared with conclusion in the literature and very good agreement was found.
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25

Lockitch, G., B. K. Wittmann, B. E. Snow, and D. J. Campbell. "Prediction of fetal lung maturity by use of the Lumadex-FSI test." Clinical Chemistry 32, no. 2 (February 1, 1986): 361–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/32.2.361.

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Abstract We analyzed amniotic fluid from 91 pregnancies (estimated gestational age range 31 to 41 weeks), using the Lumadex-FSI Fetal Lung Maturity test (Beckman Instruments), and also determining phosphatidylglycerol content, the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio, and foam stability index by the "shake test," and compared results with newborn outcome. Five of 64 babies born within 72 h of testing developed hyaline membrane disease. Except for the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio, the predictive value of a negative test was 100% but that of a positive test was less than 50%. Use of all four tests did not offer diagnostic advantage over the use of Lumadex-FSI alone. For the laboratory that infrequently assesses fetal lung maturity, we believe the sealed cassette format of the Lumadex-FSI will permit better quality assurance than the shake test. The Lumadex-FSI test is intended to provide a graded estimate of positive risk for hyaline membrane disease, but more data from different centers and patient populations are needed to establish reliable predictive values.
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26

Abdu, Aline, Mauro Cresta de Barros Dolinsky, Henrique Monteiro, Carlos Eduardo Reuther De Siqueira, and Marco Antonio Pinto Do Amaral. "A thermowell FSI analysis using simcenter STAR CCM+." Rio Oil and Gas Expo and Conference 20, no. 2020 (December 1, 2020): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.48072/2525-7579.rog.2020.007.

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27

Lee, Bo-Ram, Tae-Jong Yun, Won-Bin Oh, Chung-Woo Lee, Hak-Hyoung Kim, Yeong-Jae Jeong, and Ill-Soo Kim. "Study on Floodgate Resonance Avoidance Using FSI Analyses." Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers - A 45, no. 3 (March 31, 2021): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3795/ksme-a.2021.45.3.223.

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28

Zhu, Feng, Ai Wu Cao, and Geng Ying. "Characteristics Research of Aqueduct under FSI Dynamic Response." Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (December 2013): 2367–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.2367.

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Maximum distribution of hydrodynamic pressure on the flume sidewall were studied in this paper based on the finite element method. It contains the difference comparison of theoretical and numerical formulas, rules of maximum hydrodynamic pressure distribution under regular and irregular incentives, and hydrodynamic pressure changes with different height of bracket below the aqueduct. Studies show that: In the 30m height range, with the rise of bracket, the hydrodynamic pressure grows linearly.
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29

Leclerc, France, and John D. C. Little. "Can Advertising Copy Make FSI Coupons More Effective?" Journal of Marketing Research 34, no. 4 (November 1997): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3151965.

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30

Matt Blois. "Lygos to go public via merger with FSI." C&EN Global Enterprise 100, no. 14 (April 25, 2022): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-10014-buscon12.

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31

Baretzky, Ulrich. "FSI — An example of customer-oriented motor sport." ATZautotechnology 5, no. 1 (January 2005): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03246874.

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32

Liu, Yong-Lin, San-Yang Liu, and Jie Meng. "FSI-IDEALS AND FSC-IDEALS OF BCI-ALGEBRAS." Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society 41, no. 1 (February 1, 2004): 167–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4134/bkms.2004.41.1.167.

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33

Takizawa, Kenji, Hirokazu Takagi, and Tayfun E. Tezduyar. "804 Effect of Longitudinal Prestress in Arterial FSI." Proceedings of The Computational Mechanics Conference 2012.25 (2012): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecmd.2012.25.5.

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34

Tsutsui, Yuuki, Kenji Takizawa, Narumi Toh, Cody Boswell, Ryan Kolesar, and Tayfun E Tezduyar. "2508 FSI Analysis of JAXA HTV-R Parachute." Proceedings of The Computational Mechanics Conference 2013.26 (2013): _2508–1_—_2508–2_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecmd.2013.26._2508-1_.

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35

Leclerc, France, and John D. C. Little. "Can Advertising Copy Make FSI Coupons More Effective?" Journal of Marketing Research 34, no. 4 (November 1997): 473–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002224379703400405.

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Packaged goods manufacturers distribute cents-off coupons in freestanding inserts (FSIs) in newspapers. Free-standing insert coupons are typically composed of two parts: the coupon per se and a print advertisement. Using two laboratory experiments and a separate analysis of coupon measurements from scanner panels, the authors investigate whether the content of the print advertisement influences the effectiveness of the coupon. Theoretical arguments suggest that the impact on consumer attitudes will depend on the executional cues of the copy, the brand loyalty of the consumers, and the consumer's involvement with the product category. The results support the theoretical framework and suggest that it is possible to make FSI coupons more effective by choosing appropriate executional cues for their advertising copy.
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36

Guggenberger, Johannes. "Fast solutions in FSI‐Problems using CMS‐Methods." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 123, no. 5 (May 2008): 3730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2935222.

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37

Vanilla, Temtching Temou, Augier Benoit, and Paillard Benoit. "Hydro-elastic response of composite hydrofoil with FSI." Ocean Engineering 221 (February 2021): 108230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.108230.

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38

Büchling, Jens. "Der neue 2,0-l-FSI-Motor von Audi." MTZ - Motortechnische Zeitschrift 63, no. 10 (October 2002): 788–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03226648.

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39

GALLMEISTER, K., W. CASSING, T. FALTER, and U. MOSEL. "HADRON ATTENUATION AT HERMES BY (PRE)HADRONIC FSI." International Journal of Modern Physics A 20, no. 02n03 (January 30, 2005): 615–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x05021944.

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We investigate hadron formation in high energy electroproduction off complex nuclei in the framework of a BUU transport model. Our approach combines a quantum mechanical treatment of the photon's initial state interactions with a semi-classical coupled channel simulation of the (pre)hadronic final-state interactions (FSI). This allows us to study the hadron attenuation observed at HERMES and to get information on the space-time picture of hadron formation separately for π±, π0, K±, p and [Formula: see text].
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40

Augier, B., J. Yan, A. Korobenko, J. Czarnowski, G. Ketterman, and Y. Bazilevs. "Experimental and numerical FSI study of compliant hydrofoils." Computational Mechanics 55, no. 6 (November 9, 2014): 1079–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00466-014-1090-5.

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41

Takizawa, Kenji, Tayfun E. Tezduyar, and Ryan Kolesar. "FSI modeling of the Orion spacecraft drogue parachutes." Computational Mechanics 55, no. 6 (December 23, 2014): 1167–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00466-014-1108-z.

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42

van Rijswick, Ralph, Arno Talmon, and Cees van Rhee. "Fluid structure interaction (FSI) in piston diaphragm pumps." Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 94, no. 6 (May 3, 2016): 1116–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjce.22487.

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43

Reimann, Thorsten, Awais Ali, Dörte Carla Sternel, and Michael Schäfer. "Numerical Simulation of a Turbulent FSI Benchmark Case." PAMM 14, no. 1 (December 2014): 631–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pamm.201410303.

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44

Duvernois, Vincent, Alison L. Marsden, and Shawn C. Shadden. "Lagrangian analysis of hemodynamics data from FSI simulation." International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering 29, no. 4 (October 18, 2012): 445–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cnm.2523.

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45

Gramola, Michela, Paul J. K. Bruce, and Matthew Santer. "Experimental FSI study of adaptive shock control bumps." Journal of Fluids and Structures 81 (August 2018): 361–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2018.05.005.

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46

Ay, Mustafa, Gonca Özmen Koca, Seda Yetkin, Cafer Bal, and Zühtü Hakan Akpolat. "FARKLI KUYRUK MODELLERİNE SAHİP BİR ROBOT BALIĞIN FSI ANALİZİ." e-Journal of New World Sciences Academy 12, no. 1 (January 25, 2017): 78–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.12739/nwsa.2017.12.1.1a0375.

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47

Han, Dong Seop, Hyo Pil Jang, and Geun Jo Han. "Compensation of FSI Analysis to Develop an Alarm System for a Container Crane." Key Engineering Materials 452-453 (November 2010): 561–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.452-453.561.

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This study is conducted to provide a compensation formula to design the stowing devices - a tie-down rod and a stowage pin - and an alarm system to prevent an overturning of a container crane under wind loads. Two method, namely FSI(fluid-structure interaction) analysis and wind tunnel test, are adopted in this investigation. In order to evaluate the effect of wind load on the stability of the crane, 50-ton class container crane widely used in container terminals is adopted for analytic model and 19-values are considered for wind direction as design parameter. First, the wind tunnel test for the reduced scale container crane model is performed according to the wind direction using an Eiffel type atmospheric boundary-layer wind tunnel. Next, FSI analysis for a full-scale container crane is conducted using ANSYS and CFX. Then, the uplift force obtained from FSI analysis is compared with that yielded by the wind tunnel test. Finally, a formula is suggested to compensate the difference between the FSI analysis and the wind tunnel test.
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48

Dimitrova, Anna, and Dora Triki. "Does state fragility matter for foreign direct investment? Evidence from Southern and Eastern Mediterranean countries." Management Decision 56, no. 8 (August 13, 2018): 1787–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-03-2017-0252.

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Purpose Following the Arab Spring turmoil, Middle East and North African (MENA) countries’ overall instability has significantly increased which resulted in the decrease of foreign direct investment (FDI) flows. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the research on determinants of FDI inflows to the MENA region by examining the relationship between state fragility and FDI. Design/methodology/approach A panel data analysis was conducted to study the impact of Fragile States Index (FSI) and its components, namely economic, social and political/military state fragility, on FDI inflows to seven MENA countries situated in the Southern and Eastern Mediterranean (SEMED) region over the period 2006-2016. Findings The results show that the increase of political state fragility deters FDI inflows to SEMED countries. By contrast, their economic and social state fragilities are insignificant for FDI. This could be explained by the fact that investors are usually attracted by government stability and a strong investment profile. Research limitations/implications Given the fact that previous research has not yet validated FSI as a new FDI determinant, the results should be interpreted with some caution. It may also be worth examining the impact of FSI on FDI by industry sector in future studies. Practical implications The results reveal that FSI could help MNEs investing in the MENA region assess and better manage the economic, social and political/military risks they face. Originality/value This study introduces a new FDI determinant and stresses the importance of state fragility in attracting FDI.
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49

Mazaheri, Hashem, Amir Ghasemkhani, and Soroush Sabbaghi. "Study of Fluid–Structure Interaction in a Functionally Graded pH-Sensitive Hydrogel Micro-Valve." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 12, no. 05 (June 2020): 2050057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s175882512050057x.

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In this work, fluid–structure interaction (FSI) simulations, as well as non-FSI ones, are conducted to study the behavior of a functionally graded (FG) pH-sensitive micro-valve. The FEM analysis of the hydrogel is performed in ABAQUS while the fluid domain is analyzed in ANSYS fluent. To investigate the FSI and FG effects, both FSI and non-FSI simulations are performed for pH-sensitive micro-valve with homogeneous cross-linking distribution beside the FG cases. Two simulation domains are coupled by using a third-party software named MpCCI for both FSI and non-FSI simulations. For the FG hydrogel, linear and exponential property distributions are considered. The obtained results show a significant difference between the FG and homogeneous hydrogel behavior for both simulation methods. Additionally, the results emphasize that FSI consideration has a crucial role in the design of these smart devices. Especially, remarkable difference is observed for the closing pH of the micro-valve as well as the flow-rate diagrams. For example, a leakage is observed in FSI simulations for the closing pH of the non-FSI simulations that indicates the importance of the FSI effect. Finally, the effect of the cross-linking density distribution and the inlet pressure of micro-valve are studied and the results are analyzed.
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50

De Nayer, G., and M. Breuer. "Numerical FSI investigation based on LES: Flow past a cylinder with a flexible splitter plate involving large deformations (FSI-PfS-2a)." International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow 50 (December 2014): 300–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2014.08.013.

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