Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fruktan

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Academic literature on the topic 'Fruktan'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Fruktan"

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Czajkowska, Kinga. "Znaczenie w diecie i przydatno�� technologiczna fruktan�w w przetw�rstwie owocowo-warzywnym." PRZEMYS� FERMENTACYJNY I OWOCOWO-WARZYWNY 1, no. 3 (March 1, 2015): 12, 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15199/64.2015.3.2.

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Wijanarka, Wijanarka, Endang Sutariningsih Soetarto, Kumala Dewi, and Ari Indrianto. "AKTIVITAS INULINASE OLEH Pichia manshurica DAN FUSAN F4 PADA FERMENTASI BATCH DENGAN UMBI DAHLIA (Dahlia sp) SEBAGAI SUBSTRAT." Reaktor 14, no. 3 (April 5, 2015): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.14.3.187-192.

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ACTIVITY OF INULINASE OF Pichia Manshuria AND FUSAN F4 ON BATCH FERMENTATION UDING DAHLIA TUBER (Dahlia sp) AS A SUBSTRATE. A dahlia tuber is one of the common inulin rich crops. Inulin is formed by units of fructans, which are polymers of D-fructose. Inulinases (EC 3.2.1.7) catalyze the hydrolysis of inulin, producing fructooligosaccharides (FOS), inulooligosaccharides (IOS), pulullan, acetone, butanol and sorbitol, therefore dahlia tubers are used as growth media. The inulin hydrolyzing activity has been reported from various microbial strains Pichia manshurica and Fusan F4 which is the result of fusion protoplast. The objective of this study was to determine the activity of inulinase Pichia manshurica and Fusan F4 on the substrate dahlia tubers. Fusan F4 to increase inulinase activity compared with Pichia manshurica and to investigate the kinetics of specific growth rate (μ) and time double (g) from of Pichia manshurica and Fusan F4. The results showed that the exponential phase occurs at 0-12 hour without a lag phase. P. manshurica has a specific growth rate (μ) of 0.18/hour with time double (g) 3.90 hours and the inulinase enzyme activity of 0.56 IU, while for Fusan F4 consecutive has a value μ of 0.20/hour, g of 3.49 hours and the activity of 0.69 IU. The conclusion of this research is to improve Fusan F4 inulinase activity and the ability has to be better than the Pichia manshurica.Umbi dahlia merupakan salah satu umbi yang mengandung inulin. Inulin merupakan polimer fruktan yang dapat dipecah oleh enzim inulinase (E.C. 3.2.1.7) menjadi fruktosa. Fruktosa merupakan bahan baku dasar untuk pembuatan FOS, IOS, pulullan, aseton dan sorbitol, oleh karena itu umbi dahlia digunakan sebagai media pertumbuhan. Enzim inulinase ini secara indigenous dimiliki oleh Pichia manshurica dan Fusan F4 yang merupakan hasil fusi protoplas.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas inulinase Pichia manshurica dan Fusan F4 pada substrat umbi dahlia, Fusan F4 mampu meningkatkan aktivitas inulinase dibandingkan dengan Pichia manshurica serta untuk mengetahui kinetika kecepatan pertumbuhan specifik (µ) dan waktu generasi (g) Pichia manshurica dan Fusan F4. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fase eksponensial terjadi pada jam ke-0 sampai jam ke-12 tanpa diikuti fase lag, Pichia manshurica mempunyai kecepatan pertumbuhan specific (µ) sebesar 0,18/jam dengan waktu generasi (g) 3,90 jam dan aktivitas enzim inulinase yang dihasilkan sebesar 0,56 IU, sedangkan untuk fusan F4 secara berturut-turut mempunyai nilai µ sebesar 0,20/jam, g sebesar 3,49 jam dan aktivitas sebesar 0,69 IU. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah Fusan F4 mampu meningkatkan aktivitas inulinase dan mempunyai kemampuan lebih baik dibanding dengan Pichia manshurica.
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Köseler-Beyaz, Esra, and Gül Kızıltan. "Farklı Miktarlarda Tüketilen Fruktozun, Vücut Ağırlığı ve Bazı Biyokimyasal Parametreler Üzerine Etkisi." Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics 47, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33076/2019.bdd.1196.

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Amaç: Bireylerin doğal ve/veya yüksek fruktozlu mısır şurubu olarak günlük diyetle tükettikleri farklı fruktoz miktarlarının antropometrik ölçümler, kan biyokimyasal bulguları ve diğer beslenme parametreleri ile ilişkisinin incelenmesidir.Bireyler ve Yöntem: Çalışma, 90 (41 erkek, 49 kadın) sağlıklı birey (18-65 yıl) üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Bireylerin kişisel özellikleri, fruktoz alımlarını da içeren bazı beslenme alışkanlıkları, beslenme durumları ve fiziksel aktivite durumları belirlenmiş, antropometrik ölçümleri alınmış, bazı biyokimyasal parametreleri analiz edilmiştir.Bulgular: Bireylerin günlük diyetle fruktoz alım ortalaması 42.3±22.73 g’dır ve erkeklerin (49±26.13 g), kadınlara (36.7±17.85 g) göre daha fazla fruktoz tükettikleri belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Bireylerin ortalama %33.3’ünün (erkeklerin %39’u, kadınların %28.6’sı) günlük fruktoz alımının 50 g ve üzerinde olduğu belirlenirken, ortalama %18.9’unda (erkeklerin %14.6’sı, kadınların %22.4’ü) fruktoz alımının, toplam enerji alımının %10’undan daha fazla olduğu bulunmuştur. Günlük fruktoz alımı en yüksek olan grubun obez bireyler (BKİ= ≥30 kg/m2) olduğu görülmüştür. Bireylerin cinsiyete, günlük diyetle fruktoz alım miktarlarına ve günlük diyetle alınan fruktozun toplam enerjiden gelen oranlarına göre kan biyokimyasal bulgularının ortalamaları karşılaştırıldığında da, glukoz, ürik asit, total, yüksek yoğunluklu lipoprotein, düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein kolesterol, trigliserit, serum glutamik oksaloasetik transaminaz, serum glutamik pirüvik transaminaz ve insülin değerleri açısından gruplar arası istatistiksel açıdan önemli bir farkın olmadığı saptanmıştır (p>0.05).Sonuç: Yüksek miktarda fruktoz alımının başta obezite olmak üzere insülin direnci, bozulmuş glukoz toleransı, tip 2 diyabet, hiperlipidemi, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, hiperürisemi, gut ve metabolik sendrom gibi hastalıklar için risk oluşturabileceği göz önünde bulundurulmalı ve günlük diyet enerjisinin %10’dan daha azı meyve gibi doğal fruktoz kaynaklarından sağlanmalıdır.
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Fjellhaug, Marit Skaar. "Å bære frukter." Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening 135, no. 17 (2015): 1574. http://dx.doi.org/10.4045/tidsskr.15.0926.

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Buzás, György Miklós. "A fruktóz és a fruktózintolerancia." Orvosi Hetilap 157, no. 43 (October 2016): 1708–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2016.30567.

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Although fructose was discovered in 1794, it was realised in recent decades only that its malabsorption can lead to intestinal symptoms while its excessive consumption induces metabolic disturbances. Fructose is a monosaccharide found naturally in most fruits and vegetables. Dietary intake of fructose has gradually increased in the past decades, especially because of the consumption of high fructose corn syrup. With its 16.4 kg/year consumption, Hungary ranks secondly after the United States. Fructose is absorbed in the small intestine by facilitated transport mediated by glucose transporter proteins-2 and -5, and arrives in the liver cells. Here it is transformed enzymatically into fructose-1-phosphate and then, fructose-1,5-diphosphate, which splits further into glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone-phosphate, entering the process of glycolysis, triglyceride and uric acid production. The prevalence of fructose intolerance varies strongly, depending on the method used. The leading symptoms of fructose intolerance are similar, but less severe than those of lactose intolerance. Multiple secondary symptoms can also occur. A symptom-based diagnosis of fructose intolerance is possible, but the gold standard is the H2 breath test, though this is less accurate than in lactose testing. Measuring fructosaemia is costly, cumbersome and not widely used. Fructose intolerance increases intestinal motility and sensitivity, promotes biofilm formation and contributes to the development of gastrooesophageal reflux. Long-term use of fructose fosters the development of dental caries and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Its role in carcinogenesis is presently investigated. The cornerstone of dietary management for fructose intolerance is the individual reduction of fructose intake and the FODMAP diet, led by a trained dietetician. The newly introduced xylose-isomerase is efficient in reducing the symptoms of fructose intolerance. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(43), 1708–1716.
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Skjøtt, Gro Moen. "Starten på en fruktbar debatt?" Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening 134, no. 2 (2014): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.4045/tidsskr.13.1684.

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Bernt, Camilla. "Fruktbar dialog og fallitterklæring for barnevernet?" Tidsskrift for familierett, arverett og barnevernrettslige spørsmål 17, no. 01 (March 13, 2019): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.18261/issn.0809-9553-2019-01-01.

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Rostadmo, Martine. "Frukt ga friskere hjerter." Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening 136, no. 10 (2016): 904. http://dx.doi.org/10.4045/tidsskr.16.0355.

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Schäfer, Eszter. "Fruktóz és az emésztőrendszeri panaszok: diagnózistól a kezelésig." Central European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 6, no. 1 (2020): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33570/ceujgh.6.1.10.

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Markström, Ann-Marie, and Ann-Charlott Münger. "Fokusgruppssamtal om svåra frågor." Venue 6, no. 1 (May 11, 2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/venue.2001-788x.1764.

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Orosanmälningar till socialtjänsten hör till en av de arbetsuppgifter som upplevs som svåra i förskola och skola. I ett aktuellt forskningsprojekt har fokusgruppssamtal visat sig vara en fruktbar metod för att tillsammans i grupp bearbeta, diskutera och reflektera över hur man i förskola och skola kan identifiera och stödja barn som bevittnar i våld i hemmet. Detta projekt har väckt frågan om en bredare användning av fokusgruppssamtal som pedagogiskt verktyg i förskola och skola.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fruktan"

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Bellander, Christina. "Gud är fruktansvärd : Betyder ordet fruktan att Gud ska vördas och respekteras eller att han är skrämmande?" Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-124989.

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Boman, Paul. "Paradox & fruktan i fiktionens gränsland." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Tolk- och översättarinstitutet, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-180764.

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The aim of this student thesis is to achieve a translation of an excerpt of a previously untranslated book from English to Swedish. The translated material has been collected from the autobiographical book Kingdom of Fear by the author Hunter S. Thompson and consists partly of paratexts. The translation has been performed in accordance with a principle that was formed within the theoretical frames of Gideon Toury’s Descriptive Translation Studies. Accordingly, the discussion about the translation is based on the terms adequacy and acceptancy. The paper includes analyses of relevant aspects of the translated material, for example genre, paratext, and persona related problems. To illustrate the translation process, comments on the translation are also enclosed, which deal with solutions regarding grammatical and syntactical changes, imagery and cultural-specific expressions.
Syftet med detta examensarbete är att åstadkomma en översättning av ett utdrag från ett tidigare oöversatt verk från engelska till svenska. Det översatta materialet är hämtat från det autobiografiska verket Kingdom of Fear av författaren Hunter S. Thompson och består bland annat av paratexter. Översättningen har utförts efter en princip som formulerats inom de teoretiska ramarna för Gideon Tourys Descriptive Translation Studies. Därmed utgår diskussionen kring översättningen från termerna adekvans och acceptans. Arbetet innefattar analyser på relevanta aspekter av det översatta materialet, exempelvis genre, paratext och personaproblematik. För att åskådliggöra översättningsprocessen medföljer även översättningskommentarer som behandlar lösningar angående grammatiska och syntaktiska ändringar, bildspråk och kulturspecifika uttryck.
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Anshelm, Jenny. "Tro, tillit och fruktan i Exodus och Numeri." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Gamla testamentets exegetik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-221895.

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Peira, Nathalie. "Guided by fear : effects on attention and awareness /." Stockholm : Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-37637.

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Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Stockholms universitet, 2010.
At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: In press. Paper 3: Manuscript. Härtill 3 uppsatser.
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Thorsell, Moa. "”VÄRME UTAN PASSION OCH FÖRSIKTIGHET UTAN FRUKTAN” : KÄNDISJOURNALISTIK OCH PRESSETIK I AFTONBLADET – EN TEXTANALYS." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Medier och kommunikation, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-124549.

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AbstractTitle: “Heat without passion and caution without fear”: celebrity journalism and press ethics in Aftonbladet – a text analysisNumber of pages: 48Author: Moa ThorssellTutor: Martin FredrikssonCourse: Media and Communication Studies CPeriod: Fall 2009University: Department of Informatics and Media, Uppsala UniversityPurppose/Aim: Analyzing how the Swedish tabloid Aftonbladet writes about celebrities on a daily basis; the quality of the journalism and how they follow the press etics.Material/Method: Qualitative textual analysis of seven newsarticles about celebrities published in Aftonbladet, November 9th to November 15th 2009.Main results: Of the seven analyzed articles six could be considered as less good journalism. In the other cases, considering the journalistic ideal to have several sources, were rarely the case. Most of the articles were poorly based on facts and quotations. Sometimes the reporter had not even spoken to the person in question. The lack of information in the articles was compensated with dramatic titles and preambles. Even in the rest of the text the journalists used dramatical words to make the story bigger than it was.The articles also revealed the personal life. Around fifty percent of the articles were based on people who were difficult to define as public or private figures. Though they had participated in a reality show on tv, Aftonbladet decided to define them as celebrities. With defining them as celebrities the paper had less restrictions press ethically for what it could write. However, in reality the articles involved people who were not used to the media’s attention, but who most likely would do a lot to stay in the spotlight. Something that the media, with not following the press ethics, could easily take advantage of. But also with the person who were more easily defined as celebrities, the articles went far into the personal life.My analysis states that when it comes to news about celebrities the press ethics is less important, even though it concerns the private life of others. One also felt like it was less requirements for journalistic quality in these cases. Moreover all the articles could be classified as articles with a high news value. In conclusion a high news value did not automatically mean high quality journalism. Rather the high news value had to do with that it was articles about celebrities opening up their private life.Keywords: Celebrity journalism, public/private figure, press ethics, tabloid.
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Caroline, Gustafsson. "Drivkraften bakom prestationen : en kvalitativ studie om fruktan för att misslyckas samt lyckan att vinna." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för idrottsvetenskap (ID), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-56310.

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Bakgrund: Goda prestationer innebär inte alltid att individen är motiverad, inte heller är goda prestationer ovillkorligen motiverande. Motivation är produkt av interaktion, situationer, personer samt uppgifter som skall lösas, detta ställs i relation till vilket värde det har för individen. Människor med starka motiv av vinst söker spänningen av att vinna, då de med motiv av rädsla för att misslyckas undviker våndan av nederlag Syfte:Studien undersökte hur individer upplever rädsla att misslyckas samt glädjen att lyckas. Metod: Genom djupintervjuer undersöktes vad som driver/motiverar idrottsmän att uppnå full potential, studien särskiljer inre-och yttre motivation och vad som är karakteristiskt för respektive. Resultat: Studien  visade att deltagarna drivs av både inre och yttre motivation i träning samt tävlingssammanhang. De beskriver att tävling ofta förknippas med prestationsångest och en rädsla att göra sig och andra besvikna. Studien visar tydliga tendenser på att medfödda behov som autonomitet, samhörighet samt kompetens är viktiga faktorer i motivations-avseenden. Konklusion: Undersökningen visar tydliga tendenser på hur rädslan att misslyckas och viljan att vinna driver samt motiverar deltagarna på skilda sätt. Deltagare som drivs av spänning att vinna styrs av den yttre motivationen, då det är jämförandet med andra individer som är viktigt i relation till prestationen. Deltagare som hålls tillbaka av rädsla för att misslyckas känner ofta stor ångest, i samband med situationer som innehåller tävlingsmoment oavsett om det är på träning eller tävling.
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Barani, Hassanlangi Tara. "Förhindrad utveckling av diplomatiska relationer : Effekten av konsensus och fruktan på USA:s och Irans relation." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-64873.

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Diplomatic relations between states do sometimes go backwards in their process and development. One of these cases is the United States-Iranian diplomatic relation which has gone backwards in its development. This study is based on two main different theories, the Habermasian model and the Hobbesian trap. This, with the purpose to understand how lack of consensus and presence of fear are the reasons for the disruption of the United States-Iranian relations' development. The results have shown different directions, concerning the theories, in which they can affect the countries bilateral relations. The main reasons for the disruption of the relations, from the Iranians' perspective, are due to their interpretive concerning United States willingness to be the leader of the international community. From the Americans' perspective, the disruptions are due to their interpretive concerning Iranians' attachment to their own nuclear programme. The conclusion of this study shows how lack of consensus and presence of fear has prevented the United States-Iranian diplomatic relation to develop, and that the theories potency of strength, therefore, is high.
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Hasth, Evelyn. "Hur ser asylrättsprocessen ut i Sverige ?" Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79992.

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This essay was focused on how Sweden are processing an asylum for refugees. The purpose of this essay was to examine the jurisdictional requirements that needs to be fulfilled to grant someone asylum. Nine verdicts were analyzed as a foundation for the research to understand what criterias a refugee can claim in the trial of an asylum. Throughout this essay, the concept of well-founded fear, persecution, sur place, benefit of the doubt, assessment of credibility and assessment of genuineness was examined to further understand the trial of an asylum within Swedish jurisdiction. It is Migrationsverket, Migrationsdomstolen and Migrationsöverdomstolen whom decides whether a person is classified as a refugee throughout an oral inquiry. The oral inquiry will contain an assessment of credibility and an assessment of genuineness. The process needs to be as detailed and coherent as possible and can’t include any contradictory information. There are four kind of invocations one can claim to apply for an asylum and international protection. The invocations are sexual preference, politics, gender and religion. The result of this essay was based on nine verdicts, three of which will be politically based, three will be based on gender, two will be based on sexual preference and one will be based on religion. The four invocations are based on different kinds of evidential presentation due to the assessment of credibility being applied differently on each invocation. The invocation of gender was the easiest to prove and to appear most credible, meanwhile sexual preference was more difficult, due to the demands of evidential presentation and credibility. Because of the higher demand of evidential presentation in sexual preference there is a rule of relief to lower the standards of demands. Religion was also an invocation that was hard to prove and therefore there are certain tests applied and assessed to ensure the refugees’ knowledge of the religion.
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Mattsson, Maria. "Den existentiella oktaedern : Patienters existentiella frågor utifrån deras terapeuters perspektiv." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Psychology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-8122.

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Intresset för och valet av denna uppsats grundade sig i att den existentiella dimensionen hos människor tycks försummas på flera områden i samhället, bland annat saknas den helt på psykologprogrammet på Stockholms universitet. Syftet var att undersöka vilka existentiella frågor som patienter berörs av och om möjligt urskilja några existentiella teman som är särskilt framträdande. Bakgrunden för arbetet är en existentialistisk referensram på individ och samhällsnivå. Sju intervjuer gjordes med existentiellt inriktade behandlare med olika yrkesbakgrund som alla bedrev någon form av samtalsterapi med patienter. En induktiv tematisk analys visade fyra existentiella teman i form av motpoler som var särskilt framträdande hos patienterna; Hopp och fruktan, liv och död, makt och maktlöshet, ensamhet och samhörighet. Patienter visade sig ha svårt att hitta en balans mellan dessa motpoler. Temana innebar i högre utsträckning fruktan än hopp. Det fanns en svårighet kring att acceptera det svåra livet och att leva ett sant liv. Patienter visade sig ofta fly från det egna ansvaret, ensamheten och döden då dessa teman upplevs som skrämmande. De framkomna temana stod i tydlig samklang med den existentialistiska referensramen.

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Hassan, Raz, and Klara Säterberg. "Distraktionsmetoder på barn vid medicinska undersökningar för minskat obehag och lidande, en systematisk litteraturövrsikt." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-333928.

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Bakgrund: Många barn upplever medicinska undersökningar som något obehagligt och smärtsamt. Det första besöket ett barn har med sjukvården kan ha en avgörande betydelse för hur barnet upplever vården i framtiden, ett negativt första besök kan leda till sjukhusrelaterad rädsla även i vuxen ålder. För att undvika detta är det viktigt att barnet får en positiv upplevelse i samband med vistelsen vilket kan åstadkommas med olika distraktionsmetoder som finns för att ändra barnets upplevelse och på så sätt minska obehag och smärta. Syfte: Att undersöka om distraktionsmetoder fungerar vid medicinska undersökningar för att minska lidande och obehag hos barn som vårdas inom pediatrisk sjukvård, primärvård samt inom sluten vård. Metod: En systematisk litteraturöversikt baserad på 10 kvantitativa artiklar ur databaserna PubMed, The Cochrane Library och Cinahl. Resultat: Distraktionsmetoder kan grupperas i olika subgrupper beroende på typen av distraktion: distraktion via handling, distraktion med objekt, distraktion av vuxen samt elektronisk distraktion. Denna studie visar att distraktion generellt är effektivt för reducering av smärta och obehag hos barn under medicinska undersökningar. Beroende på barnets ålder är vissa distraktionsmetoder mer effektiva än vad andra är. Två metoder som visat sig vara effektiva i alla åldrar är distraktion via PlayStation och DITTO. Slutsats: Tillämpning av distraktionsmetoder är ett effektivt sätt att reducera smärta och obehag hos barn som utsätts för medicinska undersökningar. Det finns ett stort antal metoder att välja mellan där många är effektiva. Med fördel används distraktioner med objekt eller elektronisk distraktion och med närvarande förälder.
Background: Many children experience medical procedures as something unpleasant and painful. The first visit a child has with healthcare can be crucial for how the child experiences the healthcare in the future, a negative first visit can lead to hospital-related fear even as an adult. To avoid this it is important that the child get a positive experience in relation to the visit. This can be accomplished with various distraction methods that exist to change the child’s experience and in that way reduce distress and pain.     Aim: To examine if distraction methods works at medical procedures to reduce suffering and distress in children receiving care within pediatric care, primary care and inpatient care. Method: A systematic literature review based on 10 quantitative articles from the databases PubMed, The Cochrane Library and Cinahl. Results: Distraction methods can be grouped into different subgroups based on type of distraction: distraction with action, distraction with object, distraction via adult and electronic distraction. This study shows that distraction generally is effective for reducing pain and distress in children during medical procedures. Depending on the child’s age, some distractions are more effective than others are. Two methods that appear effective in all ages is distraction via PlayStation and DITTO.  Conclusion: Appliance of distraction methods is an effective way to reduce pain and distress in children subjected to medical procedures. There are numerous methods to choose from where many are effective. Distractions with object or electronic distraction are effective as well as have parents presents.
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Books on the topic "Fruktan"

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1936-, Gustafsson Lars, ed. Frihet och fruktan: 22 brev. [Stockholm]: Bonnier, 1985.

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Frihet och fruktan: Tankar om liberalism. Stockholm: Natur & Kultur, 2011.

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Richardson, Gunnar. Beundran och fruktan: Sverige inför Tyskland 1940-1942. Stockholm: Carlsson, 1996.

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Agrell, Wilhelm. Fred och fruktan: Sveriges säkerhetspolitiska historia 1918-2000. Lund: Historiska media, 2000.

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Oredsson, Sverker. Svensk rdsla: Offentlig fruktan i Sverige under 1900-talets frsta hlft. Lund: Nordic Academic Press, 2001.

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Oredsson, Sverker. Svensk oro: Offentlig fruktan i Sverige under 1900-talets senare hälft. Lund: Nordic academic press, 2003.

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Oredsson, Sverker. Svensk rädsla: Offentlig fruktan i Sverige under 1900-talets första hälft. Lund: Nordic academic press, 2001.

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1952-, Karlsson Birgit, and Samuelson Lennart, eds. Förundran och fruktan: Svenska föreställningar om Sovjetunionen på Lenins och Stalins tid. Lund: Sekel, 2011.

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Gulak, A. A. Lechenie fruktami. Minsk: Sovremennyĭ Literator, 1999.

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Berglund, Björn. Kottar: Tankar, frön, och frukter. Stockholm: Atlantis, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fruktan"

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Bachke, Carl Christian. "Når uvitenhetens posisjon er fruktbar. Min vei til dosent i spesial- og veiledningspedagogikk." In Å satse på dosenter, 139–57. Cappelen Damm Akademisk/NOASP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23865/noasp.109.ch7.

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Abstract:
It took 33 years of professional experience before the author attained docent status. His experiences are related to his various employment positions: research assistant, teacher at a school for children with special needs, educational supervisor in South Sudan, school counsellor, curriculum developer and founder of a social network related to counselling, assistant professor, associated professor and coordinator of a bachelor program in social education. At the outset of most of these positions, he had a strong feeling of incompetence and that he lacked the requisite knowledge. This chapter describes how such challenging beginnings have been transformed into fertile experiences of flow. The essence of his application for promotion to docent is also presented. The conclusion relates to the author’s vision for his work as a docent.
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