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1
Zaremuk, Rimma Sh, and Tatiana A. Kopnina. "Promising varieties of sour cherry Prunus cerasus L. with a complex of fruit quality traits for growing in the southern Russia." RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries 17, no. 4 (December 27, 2022): 437–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-797x-2022-17-4-437-447.
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Southern assortment of cherries does not quite meet the modern requirements of production. Many varieties are low-productive, not resistant to cherry leaf spot ( Coccomyces hiemalis ) and moniliosis ( Monilia cinerea ), small-fruited, with low taste qualities. However, new varieties have been created that have not been studied by the complex of consumer and commodity qualities of fruits. Thus, evaluation of new varieties for these traits is relevant. The aim of the research was to evaluate cherry varieties of different origin for commodity, biochemical, and consumer qualities of fruits. The research was carried out in the Kuban horticultural zone of the Krasnodar territory. Objects of the research were 9 varieties of sour cherry trees. Field and laboratory studies were conducted according to Program and methodology of varietal study of fruit, berry and nut crops (1999), Methodological instructions on chemical and technological variety testing of vegetable, fruit and berry crops for canning industry (1993). Statistical analysis was carried out according to B.A. Dospekhov (2014) and G.F. Lakin (1990). It was found that the average fruit weight of cherry varieties varied not significantly - from 2.72 to 6.45 g, which was confirmed by the coefficient of variation (23.3 %). Indicators of maximum and minimum fruit weight varied significantly in varieties, coefficients of variation were 27.2 and 29.7 %, respectively. The following cherry varieties with large fruits were identified: Timati, Igrushka, Duk Ivanovna, Duk Khodosa, Prizvaniya and Svetlaya. were distinguished. Cherry varieties with high sugar content in fruits were as follows: Feyа, Dzhusi Frut and Igrushka. Feyа, Duk Khodosa, Prizvanie, Svetlaya and Dzhusi Frut had fruits with low acidity; Feyа, Dzhusi Frut and Igrushka fruits were characterized by high content of soluble solids in fruits. Feyа, Igrushka and Duk Khodosa fruits had the highest content of vitamin C; Igrushka, Duk Khodosa, Prizvanie, Svetlaya and Dzhusi Frut were rich in Vitamin P; Duk Khodosa, Prizvanie, Dzhusi Frut and Duk Ivanovna had the largest anthocyanin content. Therefore, Igrushka and Duk Khodosa cherry varieties are recommended for growing in the southern Russia and breeding for improvement of fruit quality.
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Belcar, Justyna, Ireneusz Kapusta, Tomasz R. Sekutowski, and Józef Gorzelany. "Impact of the Addition of Fruits of Kamchatka Berries (L. caerulea var. kamtschatica) and Haskap (L. caerulea var. emphyllocalyx) on the Physicochemical Properties, Polyphenolic Content, Antioxidant Activity and Sensory Evaluation Craft Wheat Beers." Molecules 28, no. 10 (May 10, 2023): 4011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28104011.
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Kamchatka berry (Lonicera caerulea var. kamtschatica) and haskap (Lonicera caerulea var. emphyllocalyx) fruit are important sources of bioactive compounds, mainly polyphenols, but also macro- and microelements. Physico-chemical analysis showed that wheat beers with added fruit were characterised by an average 14.06% higher ethanol content, lower bitterness and intense colour compared to the control, which was a wheat beer without added fruit. Wheat beers enriched with kamchatka berry fruit, including the “Aurora” variety, had the highest polyphenolic profile (e.g., chlorogenic acid content averaged 7.30 mg/L), and the antioxidant activity of fruit-enriched wheat beers determined by the DPPH method showed higher antioxidant activity of wheat beers enriched with kamchatka berry fruit, while those determined by the FRAP and ABTS methods showed higher antioxidant activity of wheat beers enriched with haskap fruit, including the “Willa” variety. Sensory evaluation of the beer product showed that wheat beers enriched with kamchatka berry fruits of the “Duet” variety and haskap fruits of the “Willa” variety were characterised by the most balanced taste and aroma. On the basis of the conducted research, it follows that both kamchatka berry fruits of the “Duet” and “Aurora” varieties and haskap fruit of the “Willa” variety can be used successfully in the production of fruity wheat beers.
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Barry, Carla. "Fruits and Fruit Products." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 82, no. 2 (March 1, 1999): 431–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/82.2.431.
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Boland, Frederick E. "Fruits and Fruit Products." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 73, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 121–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/73.1.121.
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Boland, Frederick E. "Fruits and Fruit Products." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 74, no. 1 (January 1, 1991): 143–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/74.1.143a.
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Boland, Frederick E. "Fruits and Fruit Products." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 75, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 112–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/75.1.112.
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Boland, Frederick E. "Fruits and Fruit Products." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 76, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 136–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/76.1.136.
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Boland, Frederick E. "Fruits and Fruit Products." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 77, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 160–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/77.1.160a.
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Barry, Carla. "Fruits and Fruit Products." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 78, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 161–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/78.1.161.
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Boland, Frederick E. "Fruits and Fruit Products." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 69, no. 2 (March 1, 1986): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/69.2.256a.
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Boland, Frederick E. "Fruits and Fruit Products." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 70, no. 2 (March 1, 1987): 290–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/70.2.290a.
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Boland, Frederick E. "Fruits and Fruit Products." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 71, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): 86–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/71.1.86a.
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Wubs, A. Maaike, Yuntao Ma, Lia Hemerik, and Ep Heuvelink. "Fruit Set and Yield Patterns in Six Capsicum Cultivars." HortScience 44, no. 5 (August 2009): 1296–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.44.5.1296.
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Fruit set and yield patterns were studied in detail in six pepper cultivars. Fruit set differed largely between the cultivars: cultivars with small fruits (fruit fresh weight 20 to 40 g) showed higher fruit set (≈50%) than cultivars with large fruits (fruit fresh weight 120 to 200 g; 11% to 19%). The former showed continuous fruit set (four to five fruits/plant/week), whereas the latter showed fluctuations in fruit set. Fluctuations in weekly fruit set, expressed as the ratio between standard deviation of weekly fruit set and the mean of weekly fruit set (cv), were much lower for the cultivars with small fruits (0.44 to 0.49) than for the cultivars with large fruits (1.1 to 1.6). Fluctuations in weekly fruit yield varied between 0.51 and 0.77 for cultivars with small fruits and between 1.04 and 1.45 for cultivars with large fruits. Fluctuations in fruit yield were significantly positively correlated (Pearson R = 0.87) with fluctuations in fruit set. The correlation between fruit set and fruit yield patterns was highest with a lag time of 8 weeks for the cultivars with small fruits and 9 to 10 weeks for the cultivars with large fruits. This corresponds with the expected lag time based on the average fruit growth duration. The cultivars produced the same amount of biomass, implying that source strength was more or less similar. Hence, differences in fruit set and fruit yield patterns between the cultivars were not the result of differences in source strength and must therefore be related to differences in sink strength.
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Pardo, Hagar, Abiola Owoyemi, Livnat Goldenberg, Yossi Yaniv, Ofir Benjamin, Adi Doron-Faigenboim, Ron Porat, and Nir Carmi. "Quality and Flavor of ‘Aliza’ Fruit: A Unique Pomelo × Mandarin Hybrid." Horticulturae 9, no. 4 (March 24, 2023): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9040420.
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‘Aliza’ is a new pomelo × mandarin hybrid (Citrus maxima, cv. Red Chandler × Citrus reticulata, cv. Ora) developed by the Israeli citrus breeding program at the Volcani Institute. Here, we aimed to characterize the quality and flavor of ‘Aliza’ fruit as compared to other commercial citrus fruit, specifically pomelo (C. maxima), grapefruit (Citrus paradisi), orange (Citrus sinensis) and mandarin (C. reticulata). ‘Aliza’ fruits have a similar size as grapefruits, but have a thinner peel and a unique yellowish/golden color. ‘Aliza’ fruits are completely seedless and have especially high juice contents. They also have a unique, highly preferred flavor, characterized by high sweetness and moderate bitterness and acidity, with strong citrusy and tropical fruity aromas. Sensory analyses conducted with the aid of a trained panel and an electronic tongue revealed that the flavor of ‘Aliza’ fruits is different from the flavors of other citrus species. Consumer acceptance and preference tests revealed that ‘Aliza’ fruit are highly appreciated and favored. The aroma volatile profile of ‘Aliza’ fruit was somewhat similar to those of pomelo and grapefruit, but very different from those of orange and mandarin. Overall, ‘Aliza’ fruits can be distinguished from other citrus fruits by their unique color, high juice content and exceptional, unique flavor.
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Qi, Liyong, Chuhan Li, Jianan Sun, Weiting Liu, Yueming Yang, Xiaojing Li, Hongjian Li, Yuqi Du, Islam Mostafa, and Zepeng Yin. "Jasmonate Promotes Ester Aroma Biosynthesis during Nanguo Pears Storage." Horticulturae 10, no. 4 (March 28, 2024): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10040329.
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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been known to confer the flavor of fruits, characterizing the quality of fruits. Nanguo pear (Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim.) is widely popular among consumers due to its excellent ‘fruity’ aroma derived from ester aroma substances. Jasmonate (JAs) plays an indispensable role in the formation of many qualities in fruit. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the effect of jasmonate on the VOCs in the Nanguo pear fruit during storage. During storage, the fruits were treated with various concentrations of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DIECA, a JAs inhibitor), the inhibitors of JAs biosynthesis. Subsequently, the composition and levels of VOCs in the fruits were determined using GC-MS. The results showed that 100 uM MeJA treatment could promote the accumulation of ester aroma compounds in Nanguo pear fruits, while 100 mM DIECA had the opposite effect. Meantime, MeJA treatment significantly promoted peel degreening, soluble solids content (SSC), fruit softening, and ethylene formation. The RT-qPCR results showed that JAs stimulated the expression of PuAAT1 and repressed the expression of PuCXEs, leading to an increased accumulation of ester aroma compounds. Overall, these results provide a reference for further research on the effect of JAs on fruit aroma.
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Mohamed Arba and Siham Farhat. "Effects of fruit thinning and some fruit and cladode components on fruit growth and fruit weight of cactus pear Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill." International Journal of Frontiers in Science and Technology Research 3, no. 1 (July 30, 2022): 027–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.53294/ijfstr.2022.3.1.0041.
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The aim of this paper is to study the effect of fruit thinning and some fruit and cladode components on fruit growth and weight of cactus pear Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. The relationships between the fruit fresh weight and each of the parameters number of fruits per cladode, surface of cladodes and the dry weight of cladodes are studied. Experiments were carried out on an adult plantation of cactus pear in the Agadir area. Fruit thinning treatments used were: T: control without thinning, T1: thinning treatment of 6 fruits per cladode and T2: thinning treatment of 12 fruits per cladode. The size of cladodes used are: the small cladodes (C1), the medium cladodes (C2) and the large cladodes (C3). Obtained results showed that fruit thinning and the surface of cladodes and the interaction of the two factors have a significant effect (p ≤ 0.001) on fruit growth. On May 10, 2019, the highest rate of growth was obtained with the combination T1/C3 (thinning treatment T1 and large cladodes C3), with 1.6 cm for fruit length and 1 cm for fruit diameter, and the lowest rate of growth was obtained with the combination C1/T (not thinned plants and small cladodes C1) with 0.5 cm for fruit length and 0.3 cm for fruit diameter. The ratio dry weight of cladodes/ number of fruits per cladode has a significant effect (p ≤ 0.001) on the fruit fresh weight. The increase in the dry weight of cladodes and the reduction in the number of fruits per cladode leads to the production of fruits with large size. Positive linear relationships exist between the fruit fresh weight and the ratio dry weight of cladodes/ number of fruits per cladode, between the fruit fresh weight and the number of fruits per cladode, and between the fruit fresh weight and the surface of cladodes and the coefficient of determination R2 for each linear relationship is close to 1.
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Liu, Yutong, Landu Jiang, Linghe Kong, Qiao Xiang, Xue Liu, and Guihai Chen. "Wi-Fruit." Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 5, no. 4 (December 27, 2021): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3494971.
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People usually assess fruit qualities from external features such as color, shape, size, and texture. However, it is quite common that we select fruits with perfect appearances but rotten inside, especially for fruits with thick pericarps. Thus the accurate measurement is desirable to evaluate the internal conditions of fruits. As two key features of fruit internal qualities, existing methods on measuring fruit moisture and soluble solid contents (SSC) are either destructive or costly, limiting their adoption in daily life. In this paper, we propose Wi-Fruit, a non-destructive and low-cost fruit moisture and SSC measurement system leveraging Wi-Fi channel state information (CSI). First, to cope with the fruit structure dependency challenge, we propose a double-quotient model to pre-process CSI on adjacent antennas. Second, to address the fruit size and type dependency challenges, a lightweight artificial neural network (ANN) model with visual information fusion is proposed for fruit moisture and SSC estimations. Extensive evaluations are conducted on 6 types of fruits with both thick (i.e., watermelon and grapefruit) and thin pericarps (i.e., dragon fruit, apple, pear, and orange) over a month in either an empty laboratory room or a library with massive books. Results demonstrate that Wi-Fruit achieves an acceptable estimation accuracy (RMSE=0.319). It is independent of various fruit structures, sizes, and types, while also robust to time and environmental changes. The fruit internal sensing capabilities of Wi-Fruit can help fruit saving and safety in both pre-harvest and post-harvest applications.
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Hasanbegović Sejfić, Jasna, Jasmina Aliman, Semina Hadžiabulić, Aleksandra Šupljeglav Jukić, Nedim Badžak, Azra Skender, and Boris Dorbić. "Morfološka i kemijska analiza introduciranih sorti nektarine u Hercegovini." Pomologia Croatica 27, no. 1-4 (January 31, 2024): 3–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33128/pc.27.1-4.1.
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A 2-year study was done to compare fruit morphological and chemical composition of three nectarine cultivars grown in south Hercegovinia conditions. A high variability among and within cultivars was found and significant differences were observed among them in all properties analyzed. On the basis of evaluated data, the best fruit performance was registered in ‘Caldesi 2000’ and ‘Venus’ grown in the condition of this part of the Mediteran. This evaluation may help to select a set of nectarine cultivars with better fruit quality attributes, which in our growing conditions might be indicated in ‘Caldesi 2000’ and somewhat in ‘Venus’. The highest average of fruit width (61.18 mm) and fruit weight (148.24 g) was found in cultivar Caldesi 2000. As for friut thickness, also cultivar Caldesi 2000 had the highest value (55.39 mm). The results for the highest fruit length (60.48 mm) had Venus cultivar also fruit stone weight length, width and thickness. The contents sugars (glucose, fructose) total soluble dry matter, and total acids in fruits were found in cultivar Venus, but pH and sucrose were found in cultivar Sun Grand.
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Malek, Ma, M. Obaidul Islam, M. Mamtazul, and MK Sultan. "Screening of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) germplasm against salinity." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 37, no. 3 (October 9, 2012): 465–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i3.12124.
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Out of 78 germplasm of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.), 67 germplasm (86%) survived against high salinity (13.82 ds/m) when screened at Benarpota, Satkhira, Khulna. These germplasm showed morphological variations in growth habit, leaf lobes, leaf pubescence, fruit shape, fruit ribs, fruit skin texture, flesh colour, flesh flavor, flesh texture, fruit splitting, fruit aroma, fruit size, seed coat colour, fruit skin colour at fully formed fruit and fruit skin colour at seed harvest maturity. The other qualitative characters, such as tendrils and flowering habit did not show morphological variations. Quantitative variations were observed in leaf length, leaf width, days to staminate flowering, days to pistillate flowering, fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, flesh thickness, number of seeds per fruit, days to fruit harvest and 1000-seed weight. Among the germplasm, BD-2255 and BD-9159 had no splitting of fruits. Therefore, these two germplasm can be selected for this trait. The characters, such as number fruits per plant and fruit weight exhibited highest number of fruits per plant (21) and maximum fruit weight (6.25 kg). These two characters should also be considered for improvement of muskmelon. Highest CV (%) was found in number of fruits per plants (36.35) followed by fruit weight (33.86). Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(3): 465-472, September 2012 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i3.12124
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Díaz-Perez, Juan C. "Transpiration in Eggplant Fruits as Affected by Fruit Stage of Development and Storage Conditions." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 826B—826. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.826b.
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Fruit transpiration or weight loss was measured gravimetrically on eggplant fruits (cv. Classic) at various stages of development. The calyx of some fruits was covered with Vaseline to measure its relative contribution to total fruit transpiration. To evaluate the effect of storage conditions on fruit transpiration and quality, fruit of commercial size (24/37.4 liter box) were stored at either low evaporative demand (10C, 100% RH) or high evaporative demand (20C, 70% RH) for 7 days. After storage period, fruit transpiration and other fruit quality characteristics were determined. The results indicated that ≈70% of total fruit transpiration occurred through the calyx and stem in fruits size-24, where the calyx accounted for ≈10% of total fruit surface area. The surface area of the calyx relative to the total fruit area decreased as fruits developed. There was a positive correlation between evaporative demand in the storage room and fruit transpiration. At a higher evaporative demand, there was a reduction in fruit shelf life, fruits being more withered and less firm as compared to those stored at a lower evaporative demand. Thus, eggplant fruit quality would probably be extended by a reduction in fruit transpiration.
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Nasution, Fitriana, and Sri Hadiati. "The Diverse Collection of Exotic Tropical Fruits in The Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute (ITFRI)." Journal of Tropical Horticulture 3, no. 2 (November 23, 2020): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33089/jthort.v3i2.54.
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Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute (ITFRI) known as an institute collecting exotic tropical fruits in Indonesia. The present study was carried to evaluate the characters of five exotic fruits in the Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute (ITFRI), Solok, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The experiment used field observation. The characters considered were leaf character (leaf shape, leaf margin, leaf tip, leaf base, the color of upper leaf, color of under leaf, leaf surface, leaf length, leaf width), and fruit character (fruit shape, fruit peel texture, fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, the color of mature peel, the color of mature flesh, taste, fruit weight, seed weight, seed number). Data were analyzed descriptively using tables. The five exotic fruits' morphological characteristics have demonstrated that every species of fruit has specific characteristics. These fruits have the potential to be raw materials for the pharmacy industry.
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مرعي محمود عبدالله, إدريس أحمد الجهاني, and إدريس عبدالعزيز الطويل. "Effects of Ethephon treatments on Ripening and Uniformity of Fig Fruit (Ficus carica. L)." Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences 21, no. 4 (October 3, 2022): 282–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.51984/jopas.v21i4.2222.
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The current experiment was carried out to determine the effect of the application of ethephon on the maturation of “Peter” figs. Fig fruits were treated with three aqueous concentrations of ethephon (500, 1000, and 1500 ppm) during the developmental stage. The physic-chemical characteristics, such as fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, total soluble solids (TSS), and fruit acidity were recorded and analysed. The results showed that ethephon application during the developmental period of the fig fruits significantly accelerated fruit ripening and enhanced the fruits’ uniformity. Fig fruits treated with ethephon showed increased TSS compared to untreated fruits, and the acidity of the treated fruit decreased compared to that of untreated fruits. Additionally, TSS/ acidity ratio was significantly higher in 1500 ppm treatment in comparison with other treatments. On the basis of our data, we conclude that the application of ethephon to fig fruit increases ripening and uniformity of the fruit.
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Diaz-Perez, Juan C., S. Bautista, M. Arenas, S. Evangelista, and R. Arce. "Response of Mamey Sapote (Pouteria sapota) Fruits to Postharvest Exogenous Ethylene Applications." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 497A—497. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.497a.
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There are very few postharvest studies about the mamey sapote fruits. The lack of appropriate harvest indexes for this crop result in fruits having a wide variability in maturity after harvest. Fruit skin shows no apparent changes in color as maturity progresses. Another complication results from harvesting the fruit with long poles, which restricts the harvester from touching the fruit to evaluate fruit softening. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of exogenous ethylene applications to fruits on increasing the uniformity of fruit maturity. Fruits were harvested every 2 weeks over a 4-month period. Fruit harvest was initiated 8 weeks before the estimated ripening day. Fruits were treated by immersion for 1 min in an ethephon solution at 0, 500, or 1000 mg·liter–1 and stored at 20°C (65% RH) for 4 or 8 days. After the storage period, fruits were analyzed for fruit firmness, color (external and internal), pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids content, ascorbic acid, and starch. Postharvest exogenous applications of ethylene stimulated postharvest ripening of the mamey sapote fruits. Ripening was associated to fruit softening, a change in pulp color from a pale pink to an intense pink color, and an increase in SSC. Fruit response to exogenous ethylene applications was small in immature fruits and increased as fruits approached the ripe stage, and decreased again in over-ripe fruits. In conclusion, postharvest applications of ethylene increased both fruit earliness and maturity uniformity in fruits.
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Ullah, MZ, L. Hassan, Sonia Binte Shahid, and AK Patwary. "Variability and inter relationship studies in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 13, no. 1 (July 14, 2016): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v13i1.28716.
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Twenty parental genotypes of tomato were planted and observed of yield and yield attributing traits to measure genetic variability, character association and path coefficient analysis. Parent TM 371 ranked first with respect to yield (4.73 kg fruit yield per plant) followed by TM 390. In terms of average fruit weight TM 390 also was better performer. Analysis of variance for each trait showed significant differences among the genotypes. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were recorded for fruits per plant, locule number per fruit and fruit yield per plant. Heritability was observed high for flowers per cluster, fruits per plant, fruit weight and fruit length. fruit per plant (52.30), followed by fruit weight (46.32).High heritability associated with high genetic advance was observed for fruits per plant (52.30) and fruit weight (46.32) and flower per cluster (33.50). Selection for such traits might be effective for the fruit yield improvement of tomato. Significant positive genotypic and phenotypic correlation was observed of fruits per plant, fruit weight, fruit diameter and locule number per fruit with fruit yield per plant indicated that selection strategies must be focus on these traits. Fruit diameter showed the highest positive direct effect (3.25) on fruit yield per plant followed by fruits per plant (1.54). Direct selection may be executed considering these traits as the main selection criteria to reduce indirect effect of the other characters during the development of high yielding tomato variety.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(1): 65-69, June 2015
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Shastri, Yoshita Shrikrishna, V. Srinivasa, Devaraju, D. Lakshmana, and Nataraj, S.K. "Genetic variability, Skewness and Kurtosis based genetics for fruit yield and yield attributing characters in F3 generation of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cross EC521069 × EC362941." Ecology, Environment and Conservation 30, SUPPL (2024): S328—S331. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2024.v30i03s.056.
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An experiment was carried out at College of Horticulture, Mudigere, to access the genetic variability in F3 population of tomato cross EC521069 × EC362941. The genotypic coefficient of variation and phenotypic coefficient of variation were higher in plant height, number of fruit clusters per plant, number of fruits per plant, fruit yield per plant and average fruit weight. High broad sense heritability and genetic advance over percent of mean was observed for number of primary branches per plant, number of fruit clusters per plant, number of fruits per plant, fruit yield per plant, fruit length and fruit diameter, pericarp thickness and number of locules per fruit, indicating these traits are controlled by additive gene action. The frequency distribution showed positive skewness with positive platykurtic distribution for fruit yield per plant, fruit length, fruit diameter and average fruit weight which were negative for Number of fruit cluster per plant, number of fruits per plant, pericarp thickness and number of locules per fruit.
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Mohamed Arba and Siham Farhat. "Effect of fruit thinning on fruit yield and quality of cactus pear Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. in a semi-arid area." International Journal of Science and Research Archive 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 234–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2022.6.1.0122.
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The aim of this work was to study the effect of fruit thinning on fruit yield and quality of cactus pear. To meet this objective, trials on fruit thinning were conducted on an adult plantation of cactus pear in a semi-arid region in southern Morocco. The fruit thinning consisted of reducing the fruit load of overcharged cladodes by reducing the number of fruits to 6 or 12 per cladode. It was practiced in early May on three types of one-year old cladodes (small cladodes, the medium ones and large cladodes), by removing some floral buds or young fruits at the flowering stage. The control cladodes had an average number of 18 fruits per cladode. Obtained results showed that the reduction in the load of cladodes improved fruit size and quality. In thinned plants to 6 fruits per cladode and for the three types of cladodes, average fruit weight was 160.44 g and average fruit length and diameter was 8.64 and 6.38 cm respectively. While in not thinned plants and for the three types of cladodes, average fruit weight was only 74.53 g and average fruit length and diameter was 6.40 and 4.46 cm respectively. Fruit thinning increased the content of sugar in the fruits and decreased the number of seeds in the fruits and the fruit peel thickness, but did not affect the juice content in the fruits and the pH and titratable acidity of the juice. Fruit thinning also improved the economic income of the yield and the gain in the yield of thinned plants to 6 fruits per cladode was 33912 DH per hectare compared to not thinned plants.
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Cui, Mingming, Yue Yang, Zhihui Cheng, and Huanwen Meng. "Dynamic Changes of Fruit Shape Traits and Its Correlation to the Morphology of Other Organs in Cucumber." Agronomy 10, no. 8 (July 31, 2020): 1111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10081111.
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Fruit shape and size are important assessment parameters to evaluate and classify accessions in cucumber breeding. Clarifying the relations of the shape and size of commodity fruits or mature fruits to that of other organs, like seed, leaf, flower and so on, is significant for multitype breeding of cucumber fruit. It can help breeders to predict the shape and size of a cucumber fruit in the early selection and shorten the breeding cycle. In this study, the dynamic morphological observation of fruit length (FL), fruit diameter (FD) and the fruit shape index (FSI) of developing cucumber fruits in different types and the correlation of fruit shape indexes between fruit and other organs were investigated. The results showed that 28 cucumber accessions with different shape and size were classified into four types, namely long fruits, medium long fruits, medium fruits and short fruits. The comparative analysis of FL and FD among different types and different development stages of cucumber fruits showed that the development of FL and FD were both consistent with the model “S” curve, slow–fast–slow, and there existed strong positive correlation between their growth. During fruit development, the shape index was highly positively correlated among ovary, commodity fruit and mature fruit. Besides, both the length and width of cotyledon, true leaf and female flower petal were positively correlated to the FL of commodity fruit. The length and width of seed, length of ovary carpopodium and pedicel length were also positively correlated to the FD of commodity fruit. For seed, cotyledon and true leaf, no correlation was found between their shape index and their FSI.
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RK, Iqbal. "Health Importance of Fruits in Humans." Food Science & Nutrition Technology 4, no. 6 (November 5, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/fsnt-16000204.
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Fruits are a gift of nature. Each fruit contains its own benefits. Fruits come in different forms and different varieties and each fruit contain unique health benefits for human. There are different types of fruits according to their development. Different Types of fruits are simple fruit, aggregate fruit, multiple fruit, berries, accessory fruit, and seedless fruit. Fruits are rich in dietary fibers, antioxidants, vitamins, minerals, folic acid, pectin, iron, calcium, flavonoids, lycopene, thiamin, magnesium, etc. These elements are important for the proper functioning of the body and play an important role in the prevention of diseases. So, people who eat more fruits or make a habbit to add it in their diet have higher chances of protection from chronic diseases. Fruits are important because they are low in fat, sodium and calories but high in energy. And this energy is important for the proper functioning of body
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Cano-Medrano, Raouel, and Rebecca L. Darnell. "745 PB 079 SINK SIZE IN GAs-TREATED AND POLLINATED RABBITEYE BLUEBERRY FRUITS." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 539g—539. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.539g.
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Exogenous applications of GA, have induced pathenocarpic fruit set in blueberry; however, size of GA,-treated fruit is smaller than pollinated fruit. The small fruit size in GA3-treated fruit may be related to either cell number and/or cell size. Thus, these parameters were examined throughout development in pollinated, non-pollinated and GA3-treated fruits. Fruit growth followed a double sigmoid pattern. During Stage I (0-25 DAA), fruit size in GA,-treated, pollinated, and non-pollinated fruits averaged 0.33, 0.39, and 0.16 g, respectively. There was little change in fruit size in Stage II (25-45 DAA). At ripening, fruit size averaged 1.7 g for GA,-treated and 2.6 g for pollinated fruits. Non-pollinated fruit abscised in Stage II. At anthesis, mesocarp cell number averaged 9910 cells per median cross sectional area and remained constant up to ripening. In Stage I, cell size in G A3-treated and pollinated fruits increased 7X and 9X respectively. Cell size in both fruit types increased 1.5X and 2.8X during Stage II and Stage 111, respectively. Fruit cell number was set at anthesis and differences in fruit size were due to differences in cell ellongation in Stage I.
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Gede Swibawa, I., F. X. Susilo, Indra Murti, and Esti Ristiyani. "SERANGAN DACUS CUCURBITAE ( DIPTERA: TRYPETIDAE) PADA BUAH MENTIMUN DAN PARE YANG DIBUNGKUS PADA SAAT PENTIL." Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 3, no. 2 (September 3, 2003): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.2343-46.
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Dacus cucurbitae ( Diptera: Trypetidae) attacks on cucumber and peria fruits wrapped at cherelle stage. The fruit flies were important pests of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L) and peria (Memordica charantia L.). The flies attacked fruits by laying egg on the fruit surface and their developing immatures caused serious damages from the inside. The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of the fruit wrapping at cherelle stage on fruit fly infestation on cucumber or peria fruits. The experiment was conducted in villages of Terbanggi Besar (Central Lampung) and Jati Agung (South Lampung) during October—November 2001. A set of cherelle stage fruits, i.e. those just shed off their florescence, were wrapped using plastic bags while another set of adjacent fruits were left unwrapped. Fruits (treated or untreated) were taken soon after they fell off or at their normal harvest time, whichever came first, then were weighed and incubated in the laboratory to observe the fruit fly emergence. The results showed that fruit wrapping significantly reduced the fruit fly infestation and suppressed the fruit fly population on cucumber or peria fruits. The wrapped fruits weighed more than unwrapped fruits
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Varalakshmi, B., M. Pitchaimuthu, E. Sreenivas Rao, K. S. Sanna Manjunath, and S. H. Swathi. "Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path Analysis in Ridge Gourd [Luffa acutangula (Roxb.) L.]." Journal of Horticultural Sciences 10, no. 2 (December 31, 2015): 154–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v10i2.122.
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The present investigation was made to determine variability, heritability, genetic advance and correlation of fruit yield with 10 yield-contributing traits in ridge gourd. A wide variability was observed for days taken to first female flower appearance, fruit length, fruit number/plant, fruit weight and fruit yield/ha. Phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation for all the traits studied, indicating environmental influence on the expression of these traits. However, high heritability (broad-sense), along with high genetic advance, was recorded in node number at which first female-flower appeared, number of branches, fruit length, number of fruits/plant and fruit weight, indicating presence of additive gene effects. Fruit yield/ha was significantly and positively associated with peduncle length, fruit length, number of fruits/plant (at the phenotypic level), fruit weight and fruit yield/plant. Fruit weight had the highest direct effect (0.847) on fruit yield/ha, followed by fruit yield/plant (0.793), fruit number (0.344), peduncle length (0.237) and number of branches (0.216). Therefore, for yield improvement in ridge gourd, emphasis may be laid on indirect selection using fruit parameters like fruit weight, number of fruits/plant and fruit yield/plant.
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Mir, M. M., A. A. Sofi, D. B. Singh, and F. N. Bhat. "Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis in Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.)." Journal of Horticultural Sciences 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2006): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v1i2.648.
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Studies were carried out to find out association between different characters and magnitude of association of different characters with gross fruit yield (kg/plant) in ten cultivars of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) including one local check. Data revealed that genotypic correlation coefficients were higher than their corresponding phenotypic ones for most of the characters, implying an inherent relationship among them. Fruit weight, fruit diameter, fruit volume, juice content, fruit set and number of fruits/plant exhibited highly significant positive correlation. Among the characters studied, number of fruits/plant, fruit weight, fruit volume and fruit set recorded maximum positive direct effect towards gross fruit yield (kg/plant) at both the levels. This study revealed that both the number of fruits/plant and fruit weight could form a selection criterion for yield improvement in pomegranate.
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CHUKWUDI, Uchechukwu Paschal, and Christian Ugwu AGBO. "Leaf and Fruit Yield Performance of Telfairia occidentalis Hook F. (Fluted Pumpkin) as Influenced by Fruit Size." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 6, no. 4 (December 8, 2014): 509–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb649462.
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An experiment to ascertain the influence of fruit size on the yield of fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook F.) was conducted in 2011 and 2012 at Nsukka. The mature fruits of T. occidentalis were graded into three length groups: large (more than 50 cm), medium (34-50 cm) and small (less than 34 cm). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with six replications. The following data were collected: length of the longest vine, number of leaves/plant, vine diameter, marketable leaf and fruit yield. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance while Genotype by Genotype x Environment interaction biplot was used to show which-won-where among the groups. Significant means were separated using Fisher’s least significant differences. Medium sized fruits gave the highest marketable leaf yield that was significantly higher than the small sized fruits in both years. Small sized fruits were significantly (p<0.05) lower in total leaf yield, fruit weight/hectare, fruit circumference (33.9 cm) and length (22 cm). The biplot explained 100% of the variation in the fruit sizes. Large sized fruits were the best performer in fruit length, while medium sized fruits performed better in total marketable leaf yield, average fruit weight, number of fruits/hectare and total fruit weight/hectare. The highest Benefit Cost Ratio of 1.2 and 2.6 in 2011 and 2012, respectively were obtained from medium sized fruits Medium sized fruit are recommended in favour of small sized fruit for leaf and fruit production, having higher economic returns.
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Özgen, Mustafa, Jonathan D. Smith, Beth Ann A. Workmaster, and Jiwan P. Palta. "Ripening Stages of Cranberry Fruit Have a Dramatic Influence on Its Postharvest Shelflife: Physiological and Morphological Explanation." HortScience 33, no. 3 (June 1998): 538e—538. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.3.538e.
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Cranberries ripen in late fall. The fruit develops color in the outer two cell layers in response to low temperatures and incident light. Berries at the top of the canopy generally develop full red color, whereas fruits lower in the canopy (especially under dense canopies) can remain white even at harvest time. This is especially true for Wisconsin-grown cranberries. Wet-harvested cranberries are stored for 1 to 2 months and sold at Thanksgiving and Christmas time. We investigated if the storage quality of fruit is dependent on ripening state. Wet-harvested fruits were sorted into four different ripening stages and rated for quality after 4 and 7 weeks of storage. In addition, fruit CO2 and ethylene production, as well as anthocyanin content, were measured after 4 weeks of storage. The amount of rotten fruit among red, light red, blush, and white were 12%, 14%, 23%, 38% respectively. Thus, white fruits had three times greater incidence of rot than the red fruits. Although the ethylene production by various categories of fruit was nearly same, white fruits had 70% higher respiration than red fruits. We also found that as the fruit developed color cuticle thickness increased. For example, cuticle thickness averaged 1.6 μm for white fruit and 2.3 μm for red fruit. In addition, the calyx end opening of red fruit was impregnated with more wax than white fruit. Furthermore, a compact cell layer accumulated anthocyanin under the calyx opening in red fruit only. Our studies suggest that white berries have poor shelf-life as compare to red fruit because: i) white fruits have higher respiration rates, ii) thicker cuticle and wax accumulation (especially at the calyx end) on red fruits retard the entry of microorganisms into the fruits during wet harvest.
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AKMAL, Ajmir, Edi SANTOSA, Roedhy POERWANTO, and Elvira Sari DEWI. "The effect of fruit position and bagging treatment on Gamboge disorder in mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.)." Acta agriculturae Slovenica 119, no. 1 (April 28, 2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2023.119.1.2136.
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<p class="042abstractstekst"><span lang="EN-US">Gamboge disorder has a detrimental effect on mangosteen. The leakage of the gamboge may result from water availability. Thus, modifying the transpiration of the fruit by bagging might minimize the inappropriate leak of the gamboge produced by the fruit. The study’s objective was to understand the relationship between different fruit positions and bagging treatment on the gamboge disorder in mangosteen. The experiment was conducted on 10-years old trees by tagging young fruits, five replicates with two fruit positions (inside and outside), and bagging treatment (no bagging, transparent and black plastic bagging). The result showed that bagging the fruits inside the canopy does not affect fruit mass. However, bagging with transparent and black plastic of the fruits inside the canopy decreases fruit size. The fruit quality improves by black bagging on the inside canopy fruits. These findings demonstrate that bagging fruits outside the canopy lowers their quality. Black bags used to package fruits inside the canopy improve fruit quality. However, the treatment also causes more fruit to fall from the tree and decreases the nutrient content.</span></p>
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Chakrabarty, S., and A. K. M. Aminul Islam. "Selection Criteria for Improving Yield in Chili (Capsicum annuum)." Advances in Agriculture 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5437870.
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The present investigation was carried out to estimate the genetic variability and character association. Significant differences were observed among the genotypes for all the 15 traits for 20 chili genotypes. The highest genotypic coefficient of variation and phenotypic coefficient of variation were found for ten edible fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, fruit yield per plant, ten dry fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, and weight of seeds per fruit. High heritability coupled with very high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for ten edible fruit weight, ten dry fruit weight, fruit length, number of fruits per plant, and fruit yield per plant. Phenotypic correlation coefficient among different traits indicated that fruit yield per plant at green stage had significant and positive association with ten edible green fruit weight, number of primary branches, harvest duration, and first fruit maturity and significant negative correlation with days to first picking. The path coefficient analysis revealed that days to first picking had the maximum positive direct effect on fruit yield per plant followed by harvest duration, ten edible fruit weight, ten dry fruit weight, hundred-seed weight, number of fruits per plant, first fruit maturity, and number of primary branches. Days to first picking had the maximum positive direct effect but significant negative effect with fruit yield per plant which indicated that the trait should be selected to expunge the undesirable indirect effect in order to make use of the direct effect. Therefore, selection should be practiced for ten edible fruit weight, ten dry fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, harvest duration, and hundred-seed weight for direct improvement of fruit yield per plant.
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Lahav, E., A. Korkin, and G. Adar. "Thinning Stage Influences Fruit Size and Yield of Kiwifruit." HortScience 24, no. 3 (June 1989): 438–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.24.3.438.
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Abstract An experiment in thinning kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa Planch.) vines at the bud swell stage vs. at fruit set stage was conducted in the Western Galilee to a) determine the optimal physiological stage of thinning, b) optimize fruit weight and yield, and c) determine the relationship between fruit number per vine and alternate bearing. A negative relationship was found between the number of fruits per vine and fruit weight or alternate bearing. Vines thinned at the bud swell stage always carried larger fruits than those thinned after fruit setting. As the fruit load on the vine decreased, smaller differences were observed between the two thinning dates. Assuming that individual fruit weight should not be < 70 g, thinning at the bud swell stage allows a yield of 1700 fruits per vine, and that at the fruit-set stage only 1400 fruits per vine. Vines not sprayed with Alzodef (H2CN2, cyanamide) to break dormancy yielded less than half the number of fruits as the sprayed vines.
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Pang, Wei Cheng, Aizi Nor Mazila Ramli, and Azzmer Azzar Abdul Hamid. "Gene Expression Analysis of Fruit Bromelain in Ripening of Ananas comosus Cultivar MD 2." Materials Science Forum 981 (March 2020): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.981.209.
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Fruit bromelain is a proteolytic enzyme harbouring cysteine catalytic residue found abundantly in pineapple fruit. The expression of cysteine proteases is usually regulated during fruit ripening. In the present study, we aimed to study the expression and proteolytic activity level of fruit bromelain during the ripening stage of A. comosus cultivar MD 2. The gene expression of fruit bromelain was investigated via relative gene expression analysis using qPCR while the proteolytic activity of fruit bromelain was analysed via enzymatic assay using casein as a substrate. The qPCR analysis revealed that the expression of fruit bromelain was down-regulated 10-fold in ripe pineapple fruits. Besides that, the unripe pineapple fruits [1.9101 ± 0.0831 U/mL] had a higher proteolytic activity than the ripe MD 2 pineapple fruits [1.1333 ± 0.0896 U/mL]. This result showed that the function of fruit bromelain may be related to the protection of young pineapple fruits during the fruit development stage.
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C, Sushmitha, Chikkalingaiah, K. Murali, and Ahalya B. N. "Genetic Variability for Mulberry Fruit Traits in Different Mulberry Accessions (Morus spp.)." Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology 27, no. 5 (April 17, 2024): 471–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jabb/2024/v27i5808.
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The present study comprised of thirty- seven mulberry accessions. There are large differences were observed between the minimum and maximum range during rainy season and winter season. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV %) was found to be higher than the respective genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV %) for all the characters denoting variability among genotypes in both the seasons. Estimates of phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variations were high for fruit weight 105.64, 105.60%) and (70.09, 69.98 %) followed by number of seeds per fruits (58.47, 55.86%) and no. of fruits per fruits (38.45, 38.31%) in rainy season respectively. Maximum heritability was observed for fruit weight (99.92) during rainy season and in winter season PH of mulberry fruit juice recorded maximum heritability (99.93 %). Highest genetic advance was recorded for number of fruits per plant (898.09) and (790.28) during rainy and winter respectively. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean in respect of No. of days required for fruit formation, fruit length(cm), fruit width(cm), No. of fruits/plant, No. of fruits/plant, PH of mulberry fruit juice, Number of seeds per fruits and germination per cent of seed per fruit was observed in rainy and winter seasons.
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Chen, Hong, Greg McCollum, Elizabeth Baldwin, and Jinhe Bai. "Impacts of Huanglongbing Symptom Severity on Fruit Detachment Force and Mechanical Properties of Sweet Oranges (Citrus sinensis)." HortScience 51, no. 4 (April 2016): 356–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.51.4.356.
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This study evaluated the effects of huanglongbing (HLB) symptom severity on fruit detachment force (FDF) and fruit mechanical properties in sweet oranges (Citrus sinensis) as indicators of potential HLB-influenced preharvest fruit drop and postharvest damage and breakdown. FDF for fruit from HLB-asymptomatic trees (AS) was substantially greater than for fruits from HLB-symptomatic trees or branches. Fruit hardness, resilience, springiness, and cohesiveness values, measured by texture profile analysis (TPA), represent various aspects of fruit firmness and recovery capacity once compressed, and were lower in HLB-symptomatic fruits in comparison with AS fruits. On the other hand, puncture force, toughness, and deformation values, measured by a puncture test and representing peel toughness, were higher in HLB-symptomatic fruits than in the AS fruits. The results indicate that fruits from severely HLB-symptomatic sweet orange trees are more likely to have problems with preharvest fruit drop, and postharvest pressure damage and breakdown, but may have less puncture damage in harvesting, transportation, packing, and juice processing.
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Silva, Paulo Sérgio Lima e., Rafaela Priscila Antonio, Keny Henrique Mariguele, Kathia Maria Barbosa e. Silva, Lidiane Kely de Lima, and Júlio César do Vale Silva. "Estimates of genetic parameters for fruit yield and quality in custard apple progenies." Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 29, no. 3 (2007): 550–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-29452007000300027.
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Apparently, there are no custard apple cultivars defined for the northeastern region of Brazil. The establishment of breeding programs aimed at the selection of types from productive locations for later cloning is desirable. This work's objective was to evaluate the yield (during the first three crops) and quality (first crop) of fruits from 20 half-sibling custard apple tree progenies, selected from home orchards. An additional objective was to estimate genetic parameters for the traits evaluated. A micro sprinkling-irrigated experiment was conducted in Mossoró-RN, Brazil, as random blocks with five replications. In characteristics evaluated for periods longer than a year (diameter, height and mean weight of fruits, number of fruits ha-1 and fruit yield (kg ha-1), and a split-plot design was adopted, with progenies considered as plots and annual cropping seasons as subplots. The best progenies in terms of fruit yield (A3 and A4) are not necessarily the best for fruit dimensions and fruit mean weight (A2, FE4, JG1, JG2, SM1, SM7, and SM8). These progenies show great potential to be used in future studies on crosses or on vegetative propagation. In this regard, progeny JG2 should be highlighted as promising in terms of yield and fruit size. The progenies are not different with regard to percentages (in relation to mean fruit mass) of pericarp, endocarp, seeds, and receptacle, in the fruit, and fruit volume, number of seeds/fruit, and total soluble solids content in the fruit pulp, but progeny FE4 presents higher total titratable acidity in the fruit pulp. Narrow-sense heritability estimates were relatively high for all characteristics in which there was variability between progenies, with higher values for number of fruits ha-1 (80 %) and fruit yield (78 %). Relatively high coefficients of genotypic variation (around 20%) were observed for number of fruits ha-1 and fruit yield, with lower values for the other characteristics. There were positive genotypic and phenotypic correlations between fruit diameter (FD) and fruit height, FD and mean fruit weight, and number of fruits ha-1 and fruit yield.
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E, VADIVEL, and KANNAN BAPU J.R. "GENETIC ANALYSIS IN F3 GENERATION OF EGGPLANT (Solanum melongena L.)." Madras Agricultural Journal 81, January (1994): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a01299.
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Variability and heritability estimates were worked for different characters in three intervarietal crosses of eggplant in Fs generation. Cross combination EP 47 x EP 117 registered high mean, variability and heritability for fruit yield and yield components and offer scope for further improvement. Fruit yield per plant, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight, fruit girth and fruit length recorded high genotypic coefficient of variation. High heritability coupled with high genetic gain was noticed for fruit yield per plant, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight and fruit girth
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SURADARMA, I. GUSTI AGUNG BAGUS, GEDE WIJANA, and I. NYOMAN SUTEDJA. "Identifikasi dan Karakterisasi Sumber Daya Genetik Buah-buahan di Kabupaten Buleleng." Agrotrop : Journal on Agriculture Science 8, no. 2 (July 19, 2019): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ajoas.2018.v08.i02.p04.
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Identification and Characterization of Fruit Genetic Resources in Buleleng Regency. Fruits have great potential to be developed both to meet the needs of domestic and foreign demand, because the fruits is a source of supply of vitamins, minerals, and fiber needed in the daily menu. Several types of fruit are also required as spa, medicines, and as a means of upakara. One of the prospective development of fruits in Bali is Buleleng. Types of fruit in Buleleng are grape, mango, durian, rambutan and banana. Until now there has been generally identified genetic resources fruits in Buleleng. This study aims to identify, profile and draw up a map of the geographic distribution of genetic resources of fruits in Buleleng. Implementation of the study consists of four activities, namely: secondary data collection, survey of the types of genetic resources and distribution, identification of morphological and agronomic characters of each type of genetic resources and the growing environment and the benefits of fruits. The seeded fruit is determined by Location Quotion (LQ). Based on the observations in the field, Buleleng has a wide range of genetic resources. In a direct observation to the field there are 32 kinds of fruit and 31 sub-types of fruit. Fruits are grouped based on the economic value and their role, including: commercial fruit, rare fruit, fruit for upakara and fruit for medicine. Based on the calculation of LQ method, Buleleng has four featured i.e. avocado, grape, mango and rambutan (LQ>1).
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Yudi Siswanto and Annisa Anggreini Siswanto. "RESPONSE TO APPLYING COW DUNG BOKASHI FERTILIZER AND LIQUID ORGANIC FERTILIZER HOUSEHOLD WASTE TOWARD GROWTH AND PRODUCTION CUCUMBER PLANTS (Cucumi sativus L.)." Journal of Engineering, Electrical and Informatics 2, no. 3 (October 29, 2022): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/jeei.v2i3.871.
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Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) has a very high economic value because cucumbers are widely consumed by people, so the need for cucumbers continues to increase every year. The nutritional value of cucumbers is quite good because this vegetable or fruit is a source of minerals and vitamins. The purpose of the study was to determine the application of cow dung bokashi fertilizer and liquid organic fertilizer for household waste and its interaction with the growth and production of cucumber plants. This research method uses a Factorial Randomized Group Design (RAK), which consists of 2 (two) factors. The first factor is the application of cow dung bokashi fertilizer which is divided into 4 levels, namely S0 = 0.00 kg/plot (control), S1 = 2.16 kg/plot S2 = 4.32 kg/plot, and S3 = 6.48 kg/plot. The second factor is that liquid organic fertilizer household waste is divided into 4 levels, namely L0 = 0 cc/liter of water/plant (control), L1 = 100 cc/plant, L2 = 200 cc/plant, and L3 = 300 cc/plant. The parameters observed are plant length (cm), number of fruits per sample (fruit), number of fruits per plot (fruit), fruit diameter (cm), fruit length per plot (cm), fruit weight per sample (grams) and fruit weight per plot (grams). From the results of statistical analysis, it shows that the application of cow dung bokashi fertilizer and liquid organic fertilizer from household waste does not affect plant length (cm), but has an influence on the number of fruits per sample (fruit), the number of fruits per plot (fruit), the diameter of the fruit (cm), the length of the fruit per plot (cm) the weight of the fruit per sample (grams, and the weight of the fruit per plot (grams). The interaction of the treatment of applying organic fertilizer bokashi cow dung and liquid organic fertilizer household waste has no effect on plant length (cm), number of fruits per sample (fruit), number of fruits per plot (fruit), fruit diameter (cm), fruit length per plot (cm), fruit weight per sample (grams) and fruit weight per plot (grams)
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Saputri, Annisa, Nuzul Aminy, Isnaini Rahmadi, Syahrizal Nasution, Dea Tio Mareta, Lasuardi Permana, and Samsu Udayana Nurdin. "Comparison of Proximate Analysis Value of Fresh Fruits and Vacuum Fried Fruit Chips." E3S Web of Conferences 344 (2022): 04001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202234404001.
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Indigenous fruits such as bananas, jackfruit, and pineapple have sensory characteristics that many people like. However, these fresh fruits have a short shelf life. Processing Fruit chips using vacuum frying is one solution to extend the shelf life of fruit with good quality and nutrition content. This study aimed to obtain the proximate composition value of fresh fruit and vacuum fried fruit chips. The research method used proximate analysis based on water, carbohydrate, lipid, crude protein, crude fibre, and ash content. The results showed a significant difference in the water, carbohydrate, lipid, and ash content between fresh fruits and vacuum fried fruit chips. Meanwhile, in crude protein and crude fibre content, there was no significant difference. The water content of fresh fruits was higher than the vacuum-fried fruit chips. The carbohydrate, lipid, crude protein, and ash content of vacuum fried fruit chips were higher than the fresh fruits. The crude fibre of pineapple vacuum fried chips was higher than fresh pineapple. However, the crude fibre of fresh jackfruit and banana was higher than the vacuum fried fruit chips.
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Ofoedu, Chigozie Emmanuel, Collins Nkeoma Ubbaonu, Chioma Doris Obi, Faith Kosisochukwu Okeke, Nkiru Euphresia Odimegwu, and Ijeoma Maureen Agunwah. "Production and comparative evaluation of leather products from pawpaw (Carica papaya) and banana (Musa acuminata) fruit pulp." Croatian journal of food science and technology 12, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 218–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17508/cjfst.2020.12.2.10.
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Food wastage as a result of postharvest losses is responsible for about one-third of the entire annual harvest wasted world over. Postharvest losses occur due to the lack of processing and preservation technologies of the surplus harvest, as well as the unavailability of properly trained personnel. Therefore, in the bid to minimize food wastage from postharvest losses, some perishable tropical fruits were processed into fruit leathers. Fresh banana and pawpaw fruits were used to produce banana leather, pawpaw leather, and composite (banana & pawpaw) leather. The fresh fruits were washed, peeled, deseeded, sliced, mashed, and dried in an oven to produce flexible leather sheets of the fruits. The fresh fruit pulps and the fruit leathers were analysed for nutritional (proximate, vitamin and mineral) compositions and sensory qualities using standard methods. The results showed that significant differences (p<0.05) exist between the fresh fruits and fruit leathers. The moisture content of the fruit leathers ranged from 23.36% to 23.84%, protein contents ranged from 8.32% to 8.76%, while the carbohydrate contents ranged from 61.07% to 62.01%. The vitamin E in the fruit leathers increased significantly (30 – 34 µg/100 g) while vitamin B9 in the fruit leathers decreased significantly after drying, when compared with their corresponding fresh fruits. In addition, vitamin C decreased in the banana products (52.96 to 17.65 mg/100 g) and in the pawpaw products (123.56 to 52.96 mg/100 g) after processing, but magnesium, potassium, and calcium increased significantly in the fruit leathers. The general acceptability of the fruit leathers from the sensorial perspective showed that pawpaw leather was slightly liked (6.40) while banana leather (7.10) and composite leather (7.50) were liked moderately. Though the banana fruit leather and composite fruit leather were not significantly different, the sensory scores showed that the composite fruit leather was more preferred. This research has demonstrated that processing of fruits into fruit leathers will not only minimize postharvest losses but will also create a new variety of value-added products with higher nutritional value potential compared to its fresh fruits.
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Ofoedu, Chigozie Emmanuel, Collins Nkeoma Ubbaonu, Chioma Doris Obi, Faith Kosisochukwu Okeke, Nkiru Euphresia Odimegwu, and Ijeoma Maureen Agunwah. "Production and comparative evaluation of leather products from pawpaw (Carica papaya) and banana (Musa acuminata) fruit pulp." Croatian journal of food science and technology 12, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 218–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17508/cjfst.2020.12.2.10.
Full textAbstract:
Food wastage as a result of postharvest losses is responsible for about one-third of the entire annual harvest wasted world over. Postharvest losses occur due to the lack of processing and preservation technologies of the surplus harvest, as well as the unavailability of properly trained personnel. Therefore, in the bid to minimize food wastage from postharvest losses, some perishable tropical fruits were processed into fruit leathers. Fresh banana and pawpaw fruits were used to produce banana leather, pawpaw leather, and composite (banana & pawpaw) leather. The fresh fruits were washed, peeled, deseeded, sliced, mashed, and dried in an oven to produce flexible leather sheets of the fruits. The fresh fruit pulps and the fruit leathers were analysed for nutritional (proximate, vitamin and mineral) compositions and sensory qualities using standard methods. The results showed that significant differences (p<0.05) exist between the fresh fruits and fruit leathers. The moisture content of the fruit leathers ranged from 23.36% to 23.84%, protein contents ranged from 8.32% to 8.76%, while the carbohydrate contents ranged from 61.07% to 62.01%. The vitamin E in the fruit leathers increased significantly (30 – 34 µg/100 g) while vitamin B9 in the fruit leathers decreased significantly after drying, when compared with their corresponding fresh fruits. In addition, vitamin C decreased in the banana products (52.96 to 17.65 mg/100 g) and in the pawpaw products (123.56 to 52.96 mg/100 g) after processing, but magnesium, potassium, and calcium increased significantly in the fruit leathers. The general acceptability of the fruit leathers from the sensorial perspective showed that pawpaw leather was slightly liked (6.40) while banana leather (7.10) and composite leather (7.50) were liked moderately. Though the banana fruit leather and composite fruit leather were not significantly different, the sensory scores showed that the composite fruit leather was more preferred. This research has demonstrated that processing of fruits into fruit leathers will not only minimize postharvest losses but will also create a new variety of value-added products with higher nutritional value potential compared to its fresh fruits.
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Shifriss, Chen, and Eli Eidelman. "An Approach to Parthenocarpy in Peppers." HortScience 21, no. 6 (December 1986): 1458–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.21.6.1458.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Environmental parthenocarpy leading to seedless fruits is a well-known phenomenon in pepper, particularly when the crop is exposed to low temperatures before and during anthesis. The resulting fruits show large variation in fruit deformation and are of low marketable value. Genetic parthenocarpy controlling even shape may be useful for fruits for both home use and industrial processing. However, parthenocarpic pepper cultivars are an attractive goal that is still far from realization. From greenhouse pot experiments (2) carried out over 3 years with ‘California Wonder’, fruit weights of up to 150 g were obtained with a high correlation between seed number and fruit weight. Linear regression from this study demonstrated that parthenocarpic fruit of ‘California Wonder’ weigh 60–70 g, about half that of the largest-seeded fruit. Fruit of greenhouse plants weigh about half that of field-grown fruit. It is expected that the parthenocarpic fruits in the field will weigh more than 60–70 g. Moreover, in cultivars with “giant” fruits, in which the realization of large fruit weight depends on the genetic potential for weight and seed number, the parthenocarpic fruits are expected to be heavier than in the parthenocarpic Belltype cultivars.
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Quamruzzaman, AKM, Ferdouse Islam, M. Nazim Uddin, and M. Shahadath Hossain. "Effect of Fruit Bagging on Eggplant Fruit and Shoot Borer for Quality Eggplant Production." European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 3, no. 2 (April 13, 2021): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejfood.2021.3.2.259.
Full textAbstract:
The study was tested the technical feasibility of bagging eggplant fruits during production to protect them against Eggplant fruit and shoot borer (EFSB) following randomized complete block with 6 treatments. Highest number of marketable fruits per plant was produced by imported white bag (12.33), which was followed by butter paper bag (10.67). Maximum aborted fruit was obtained from the imported brown bag (23.33%) and HDPE bag (20.00%). The highest average fruit weight (363.33 g) was obtained from fruits bagged with Imported white, while maximum fruit length and fruit diameter was also produced from imported white bag (15.27 cm and 11.23 cm, respectively). Zero percent damage by eggplant fruit and shoot borer was produced by imported brown bag, imported white bag and butter paper bag, while higher infection was observed in open fruit (control) (17.70 %), HDPE bag (11.70 %). Bagging eggplant fruit produced 38.78 to 58.20 t/ha, while open fruit (control) produced only 35.66 t/ha. The highest calculated fruit yield 58.20 tons/ha was estimated from imported white bag and other bagging fruits were local brown bag (46.74 t/ha), HDPE bag (45.00 t/ha), butter paper bag (43.23 t/ha). The bagging of eggplant fruits with imported white bag and butter paper bag were more effective in reducing damage by eggplant fruit and shoot borer than the other bagging treatments and the control. These two treatments produced higher number of consumers preferred fruit, without negative effects on the color of the skin, fresh weight and fruit abortion, thus resulting in higher economic gains.
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Kpodo, Fidelis Mawunyo, DA Darko, EK Essuman, NK Kortei, CO Tettey, P. Nuro-Ameyaw, and J. Duah. "Antioxidant and physicochemical properties of Chrysophyllum albidum fruit at different ripening stages." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 21, no. 9 (October 29, 2021): 18694–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.104.19055.
Full textAbstract:
Chrysophyllum albidum (African Star Apple) fruit is an indigenous African fruit. The African Star Apple plant popularly referred to as the “alasa” tree grows widely in tropical Africa. Ripening influences biochemical processes and subsequently affects the nutritional and bioactive characteristics of the fruits. This study sampled Chrysophyllum albidum fruit of three maturity stages and determined the colour, proximate, total phenol and antioxidant characteristics of the fruits. Spectrophotometric methods were used in the determination of total antioxidant activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, 2,2-azinobis,3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and Ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay. Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed in the colour of the fruit across all the ripening stages. The ripe stage of the fruit recorded the highest extent of lightness among all the other ripening stages. Both the ripe and over-ripe fruits appeared reddish in colour with the ripe fruit demonstrating a higher red intensity than the over-ripe fruit. The calculated metric chroma of the Chrysophyllum albidum fruits were in the range of 2.33-21.67 for the three ripening stages. Hue angle values recorded were in the range 46.46-92.00. Browning and colour indices for fruits of all the stages of development were of range 6.40-80.30 and -14.30-16.96, respectively. Proximate analysis of the three fruit categories showed that the unripe fruits had higher carbohydrate (69.27 %), crude protein (8.17 %), and crude fat (7.99 %) content relative to fruits which were ripe and over-ripe. The over-ripe fruit had higher crude fibre (7.36 %) and ash (3.86 %) content. Total phenolic content for the unripe fruit (20μg GAE/mg) was also higher than fruits of the other ripening stages. The antioxidant ability of the Chrysophyllum albidum fruit showed that the unripe stage recorded the highest DPPH (29.24 %) and ABTS (99.09 %) radical scavenging activity. The ferric reducing antioxidant potential of the fruit at different ripening stages was significantly different (p<0.05) with the unripe stage recording the highest potential. The unripe fruits demonstrated higher proximate and antioxidant composition than the ripe and over-ripe fruits. Extracts from the unripe fruit can serve as useful nutraceuticals in functional food formulations.