Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fruit composition'
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Gao, Yuan. "Changes of tomato fruit composition in response to salinity /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09A/09ag211.pdf.
Full textPhelan, Patrick G. "INFLUENCE OF CROP LOAD ON FRUIT COMPOSITION USING PINOT NOIR GRAPES." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2009. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/206.
Full textDonetti, Manuela. "Postharvest biochemical and physiological characterisation of imported avocado fruit." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2011. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/7672.
Full textAbdoh, Yousef. "Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of date palm Fruit (Phoenix dactylifera) in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/51308/.
Full textSutherland, M. J. "The influence of vine vigour and canopy ideotype on fruit composition and aroma of Sauvignon Blanc." Diss., Lincoln University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1270.
Full textMcCarthy, Michael G. "Effect of timing of water deficit on fruit development and composition of Vitis vinifera cv. Shiraz /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm1233.pdf.
Full textMessner, Christine. "Genetic and environmental drivers of fruit composition in relation to sensory quality in blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum)." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2013. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23624.
Full textVasco, Catalina. "Phenolic compounds in Ecuadorian fruits /." Uppsala : Dept. of Food Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2009. http://epsilon.slu.se/200954.pdf.
Full textNacitas, Joselle. "Composition du fruit à pain récolté sur un territoire contrasté : Structure, propriétés et aptitudes technologiques de son amidon." Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AGUY0517/document.
Full textThe results of this study the composition of breadfruit harvested in an area of agro climatic soil contrasting views, and its starch, show that the starch content of breadfruit appears to be influenced by season, but not by collection area. The starch content is much higher for breadfruit developed during the driest season is a very original result. Knowledge of the development cycle of breadfruit in Martinique has been described for the first time, to determine an optimal harvest period compared to flower: the 16th week for maximum growth, or the 17th week for a higher starch content. The study by Worrell et al., (1998), the only currently published, conducted in Barbados, showed a longer cycle of about 2 weeks.From the perspective of genetic diversity, breadfruit harvested in Martinique as a single group, in contrast to those collected in Guadeloupe that are close to two subgroups.With regard to starch, our results show that the size of starch granules of mature fruits are between 9 and 12 microns. Their size increases with the growth of the fruit as an immature fruit in their mean diameter was 7.5 microns. This is B-type starches with very high crystallinity, with temperatures of gelatinization are around 75 °C. Agro climatic soil factors, humidity took an active role on the quality of starch, since both the amount of amylose and amylopectin molecular weight of the decline. The starch has a solubility and low swelling of the same order of magnitude as the conventional starches and high viscosity to gelatinization and retrogradation, giving it a suitability for use as a gelling agent.Testing of food applications were made in bakery and extrusion. Changes in products like crackers gave moderately satisfactory results with 100 % breadfruit flour. Incorporation into bread flour breadfruit has deleterious actions on the baking. The acceptability of a taste "nature green" conferred by the breadfruit flour will be particularly assessed in future work.Product development based breadfruit allow several things, which meet the growing demand for food diversification
Becker, Magda Marcia. "Characterization of native fruits of the amazon region and development of an amperometric biosensor for determination of antioxidant capacity." Thesis, Perpignan, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PERP0024/document.
Full textFruit consumption is encouraged for their contribution of natural bioactive compounds. This work aims to characterize ten indigenous fruits of the Amazonian region. Characterization was performed initially by bromatological analyzes, followed by the determination of Ca, Cu, Fe, Li, Mg, Mn, Na and Zn minerals by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP OES). Then, the antioxidant capacity of the fruits was evaluated using different colorimetric methods (DPPH, ABTS and NBT), as well as the ant proliferative activity against the human colon cancer cell line (caco-2). The phenolic composition was determined by ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Considering the disadvantages of conventional methods of determining antioxidant capacity, an amperometric enzyme biosensor has been developed using as a transducer a system of three screen-printed electrodes on PVC, containing Prussian blue (PB) as electrochemical mediator. A high lipophilic antioxidant capacity was observed in biriba and bacuri pulps, so abiu, inaja and monguba fruit had significant hydrophilic antioxidant capacity. The antiproliferative activity of the fruits of biriba, inaja, monguba and pajura resulted in significant inhibition of caco-2 cell growth. Chromatographic analysis of birib‡, inaj‡ and monguba extracts quantified respectively 11, 25 and 21 phenolic compounds with important biological activities
Pfister, Lucas Federico. "Effect of canopy management practices - hedging vs curling shoot tips - on growth, yield and fruit composition of Merlot grapevines." Master's thesis, ISA, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/8583.
Full textA study to compare the effects of hedging and curling the shoot tips (rolling) on the last wire of the trellising system was carried out in Saint Emilion (France) on Merlot grapevines in 2011. Vines were hedged or curled when shoots were 30 – 40 cm longer than the highest wire. The effects of the two canopy management strategies on vine performance, mainly vegetative growth, disease occurrence, phenology, water status, yield components and berry composition were compared. Curled, not hedged vines presented longer main shoots, more lateral shoots and higher potassium values on the petioles. Hedged plants had a higher percentage of shaded clusters and a higher leaf layer number at the cluster zone and ¾ of the canopy. Regarding leaf area, curled plants presented a bigger main leaf area but for lateral leaf area no differences were found. Although berries on hedged plants were prone to have a higher mass, no differences for berry composition were found. Hedging seems to be an appropriated technique for the Sain Emilion region as it is less time consuming, less expensive, possible to be mechanized and it has no detriment regarding quality of berries
Petit, Johann. "Identification et validation fonctionnelle de gènes candidats contrôlant la composition de la cuticule chez le fruit de tomate." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00966997.
Full textHatch, Tremain Archer. "Groundcover, rootstock and root restriction effects on vegetative growth, crop yield components, and fruit composition of Cabernet Sauvignon." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78134.
Full textMaster of Science
Morsi, Taher Hussein. "Effects of vine architecture on water use, microclimate, fruit composition, and yield of Vitis vinifera L. 'Petite Sirah' grapevines." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185700.
Full textThomson, C. C. "Rootstock and canopy density effects on grape berry composition : organic acid composition, potassium content and pH." Lincoln University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/772.
Full textHuang, Hua [Verfasser], and Markus [Gutachter] Riederer. "Comparative investigation of the chemical composition and the water permeability of fruit and leaf cuticles / Hua Huang ; Gutachter: Markus Riederer." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1166054810/34.
Full textWang, Lina. "Combining leaf-to-fruit ratio manipulations with exogenous abscisic acid applications to adjust sugar and anthocyanin concentrations in grape berry." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0264.
Full textOngoing climate change causes extreme weather events to increase both in frequency and intensity, significantly affecting vine physiology and grape berry composition at harvest. Elevated temperatures during the growing season increase must sugar content, while reducing organic acids and anthocyanins levels, modifying wine quality and typicality. Viticultural practices such as leaf-to-fruit ratio manipulations combined with applications of plant hormones can potentially be used to adapt to climate change and maintain the sustainability of wine production. To optimize adaptation strategies, we need to gain better insights into the links between sugars and anthocyanins accumulation during berry development and ripening.Fruiting-cuttings made up of one vertical shoot with one grape cluster of cv. Cabernet Sauvignon were grown between 2013 and 2018 in a naturally lighted and semi-controlled greenhouse. Various leaf-to-fruit ratios (2 to12 leaves per cluster) were applied, and combined with spraying abscisic acid (ABA, 400 mg.L-1) on berries at the pre-veraison stage. To explore the biological mechanisms underlying the effect of leaf-to-fruit ratio manipulation and application of exogenous ABA on berry composition, transcript abundance of genes related to sugar, anthocyanins and ABA metabolism were studied in this material. To further analyze the potential interplay between sugar and ABA signaling on anthocyanins biosynthesis, in vitro berry culture experiments were also conducted. Berries were cultured 2-3 weeks on solid medium supplemented with different sugar levels (0%, 2%, 8%) combined with ABA (200 µM), ABA biosynthesis inhibitor (NDGA), or hexokinase inhibitors (NAG, GDH).The results confirmed that reducing the leaf-to-fruit ratio had a significant effect on berry composition: reduction of sugar and anthocyanin content, slight increase in total organic acids and modification of the free amino acids composition. Exogenous ABA application increased sugars and anthocyanins concentrations, and partially restored the coupling between sugar and anthocyanins accumulation under low leaf-to-fruit ratios, without affecting the amino acids/sugar/organic acids ratios. Transcript abundance analysis revealed that several anthocyanin biosynthetic genes (CHS2, CHS3, CHI, F3H, DFR, LODX, UFGT, MybA1 and MybA2) were decreased under low leaf-to-fruit ratio, whereas some genes (CHI, F3H, F3’5’H, LODX, UFGT, MybA1 and MybA2) were up-regulated after exogenous ABA treatment. Exogenous ABA had little effect on the transcript abundance of sugar accumulation related genes, and leaf-to-fruit ratio also had little effect on ABA biosynthetic genes. Berry in vitro culture experiments showed that ABA and elevated concentrations of glucose synergistically induced anthocyanins biosynthesis during ripening. Both ABA and glucose decreased Phenylalanine concentration in ripening berries, most probably due to their role in promoting anthocyanins synthesis, and two-way crossed ANOVA analysis indicate a significant interaction between sugar and ABA levels and anthocyanin accumulation in berries.In conclusion, our results showed that ABA and sugar signaling synergistically interact to regulate the expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes and increase anthocyanins accumulation during berry ripening. Thus, exogenous ABA application was able to increase the ratio of anthocyanins to sugar under low leaf-to-fruit ratio at harvest, and combining leaf-to-fruit ratio manipulation with exogenous ABA applications may offer a fine-tuned way to reduce sugar concentration, while maintaining anthocyanin concentrations in grape berry, potentially offering a way to partially alleviate climate change related high temperature effects
Constantinescu, Dario. "Analyse et amélioration d’un modèle mécaniste de croissance et composition du fruit : Etude de la variabilité génétique des mécanismes de croissance du fruit, conception d’idéotypes et analyse des effets des transferts d’eau et de la concentration des solutés sur la croissance du fruit Model-Assisted Estimation of the Genetic Variability in Physiological Parameters Related to Tomato Fruit Growth under Contrasted Water Conditions Model-assisted analysis of the pedicel-fruit system suggests a fruit sugar uptake regulation and a water saving strategy." Thesis, Avignon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AVIG0716.
Full textDeveloping knowledge on fruit development responses to agricultural practices and environmental conditions is important from breeders to growers. Indeed, this would support the design of agricultural practices that could increase fruit yield and quality and adapt fruit production to climate change, for satisfying the increasing food demand. The aim of this thesis was to use and improve a mechanistic model of fruit growth for exploring the genetic variability of tomato growth in fresh and dry mass, designing drought-resistant tomato ideotypes, underlining patterns of diurnal water and sugars flows in the pedicel-fruit system, and studying the effects on fruit growth of the variations of fruit pulp solutes concentrations that determine fruit quality at harvest. The models developed allowed to describe in an adequate way biophysical and metabolic processes determining fruit growth and solutes composition. The obtained model simulation results suggested that pedicel conductivity and sugars active uptake could be key mechanisms in determining the fruit genetic variability and should be maximized in the research of ideotypes. In addition, the obtained results suggested that water flows regulation may generate a diurnally regulated fruit sugar uptake and could prevent water loss through water recirculation between xylem and phloem and between phloem and apoplast. Finally, the results obtained from an integrating model approach including the description of fruit growth and fruit solutes metabolism highlighted that acids and minerals concentrations variation due to both accumulation and dilution processes could have a non-negligible impact on fruit growth. The works presented in this thesis have highlighted that the estimation of the fruit growth physiological parameters and the techniques of models conception and calibration should be improved to make them increasingly suitable for the design of better-suited agricultural practices
Carminatti, Rafaela. "Prospecção da qualidade nutricional e aplicação tecnológica dos frutos de morangueiro (Fragaria ananassa Duch)." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2015. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1514.
Full textO morangueiro é uma das culturas agrícolas que apresentam o maior custo de produção, principalmente devido a aquisição das mudas. Esse fato tem levado os produtores a manter as plantas por mais uma safra, devido ao baixo custo vinculado a essa prática. Contudo, pouco se sabe sobre o impacto dessa prática sobre a qualidade do fruto. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade de frutos de morangueiro de primeira (2013) e de segunda safra (2014) de um mesmo cultivo, levando em consideração aspectos físicos, químicos e nutricionais dos frutos. Posteriormente foi elaborado um queijo tipo Petit suisse com a cultivar Camarosa que apresentou os maiores teores de substâncias antioxidantes polares. Para as características físicas, o tamanho não difereriu em relação ás épocas de cultivo, mas os frutos de primeira época apresentaram-se mais vermelhos do que os de segunda época, o que pode estar relacionado com o teor de fenólicos totais. Com relação as características químicas (pH, sólidos solúveis e acidez titulável), observou-se que os frutos de primeira época apresentaram pH maior e menor teor de acidez titulável. Esses dados sugerem que sensorialmente o consumidor pode preferir os frutos de primeira época. A atividade antioxidante (ABTS) e o teor de antocianinas dos frutos de morango foi maior na segunda época de cultivo; e a atividade antioxidante (DPPH), compostos fenólicos e vitamina C apresentaram valores superiores na primeira época de cultivo. Esses resultados sugerem que dependendo da época de cultivo os frutos de morango possuem diferentes teores de substâncias bioativas em sua composição, que podem atuar na nutrição humana. Para a elaboração do queijo tipo Petit suisse, optou-se pela cultivar Camarosa, pois em ambas as épocas de cultivo essa cultivar apresentou maior teor de antioxidantes polares (vitamina C, compostos fenólicos, antocianinas e flavonoides) do que as demais cultivares. Ao elaborar o queijo tipo Petit Suisse observou-se que com a adição do microencapsulado de polpa de goiaba o teor de carotenoides totais do produto aumentou, e com a adição da farinha de feijão houve aumento no valor proteíco e mudança na textura do queijo. Ambos os ingredientes interferiram no pH do produto. Com os resultados obtidos pode-se afirmar que os ingredientes microencapsulado de polpa de goiaba e farinha de feijão agregaram valor nutricional ao queijo tipo Petit Suisse, devido ao maior teor de proteínas e carotenoides totais, indicando que esses ingredientes podem ser utilizados para a fabricação de outros produtos alimentícios.
Strawberry is one of the crops that have the highest cost of production, mainly due to the acquisition of the seedlings. This has led producers to keep the plants for another season, due to low cost linked to this practice. However, little is known about the impact of this practice on the quality of the fruit. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of the first fruits of strawberry (2013) and second crop (2014) of the same crop, taking into account physical, chemical and nutritional fruit. Later we designed a cheese type Petit Suisse with the cultivar Camarosa showed the highest levels of polar antioxidants. For physical characteristics, size does not difereriu compared ace growing seasons, but the fruits of the first season were more red than the second season, which may be related to the total phenolic content. Regarding the chemical characteristics (pH, soluble solids and titratable acidity), it was observed that the fruit first period had lower pH and higher titratable acidity. These data suggest that sensory consumers may prefer the fruits of the first season. The antioxidant activity (ABTS) and the anthocyanin content of strawberry fruits was higher in the second growing season; and the antioxidant activity (DPPH), phenolic compounds and vitamin C had higher values in the first growing season. These results suggest that depending on the growing season the strawberry fruits have different levels of bioactive substances in its composition, which can act in human nutrition. In preparing the cheese type Petit suisse, we chose to cultivate Camarosa because in both growing seasons this cultivar showed higher content of polar antioxidants (vitamin C, phenolic compounds, anthocyanins and flavonoids) than the other cultivars. In preparing the cheese type Petit Suisse was observed that with the addition of guava pulp microencapsulated the total carotenoid content of the product increased, and with the addition of bean flour was increased-protein value and change in the texture of the cheese. Both ingredients interfere in the pH of the product. With the obtained results it can be stated that the ingredients microencapsulated of guava pulp and bean flour added nutritional value to cheese type Petit suisse, due to the high amount of protein and carotenoids, indicating that these ingredients can be used to manufacture other food products.
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Chalfant, Patricia. "Responses of Grapevines to Timing and Method of Leaf Removal." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1337628161.
Full textMawdsley, Paul F. W. "The Effects of Cluster Thinning on Vine Performance, Fruit, and Wine Composition of Pinot Noir (Clone 115) in the Edna Valley of California." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2019. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2090.
Full textEtchebarne, Flor. "Influence du régime hydrique de la vigne et du rapport feuilles-fruits sur la composition minérale, et sur le bilan en sucres et en eau de la baie cv. Grenache Noir (Vitis vinifera L)." Montpellier SupAgro, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NSAM0003.
Full textThe objective of this work was to study source-sink relationships. Two factors were considered, leaf:fruit ratio and the effect of vine water status on the accumulation cations, sugar and water in the berry during the growth and ripening periods. The variety used wasGrenache Noir (Vitis vinifera L). During the 2006 and 2007 experimental growing seasons, two water status modalities were applied (irrigated and non irrigated) and three leaf:fruit ratio treatments were studied: 5, 10 and 18 leaves per primary shoot, with one bunch per shoot. The treatment of 10 leaves per shoot was the common treatment between the two years. In all the cases, 14 shoots per plant were left and each vine was considered as the sum of homogeneous primary shoots. The mineral element contents were determined separately in different fruit compartments, i. E. The skin, flesh and seeds. Results showed that dry matter only begins to diminish a few days after the onset of water deficit. Thus there is a latent period between the reduction in photosynthesis following water stress and the subsequent effects on fruit dry matter and water content. Mineral elements accumulate independently of one another, but their evolution in the fruit and their final quantity in the berry depend principally on plant water status. The accumulation of the mineral elements studied takes place during herbaceous growth period of the fruit from berry-set (the start of fruit development following anthesis) to veraison and continues during ripening for potassium, magnesium and sodium, − cations transported by the phloem. The accumulation of potassium parallels the evolution of fruit fresh weight and their final quantities in the berry depend principally on plant water status. Calcium is considered to be phloem-immobile in the vine and its accumulation takes place principally during herbaceous fruit growth period (pre-véraison). Berry composition is less dependent on leaf:fruit ratio than to grapevine water status, mainly for cations, sugar and water content. This work provides evidence of the importance of plant water status, irrespective of the leaf:fruit ratio, on berry compound accumulation. Vine waterstatus is a major regulating factor for source-sink regulationships. This study supports the hyphotesis of a partial functioning of berry xylem conduction post-véraison, in regards to Ca++ accumulation for vines under favourable hydric conditions. The use of a model to estimate the plant biomass production, has allowed to show that the carbohydrate reserves, apart from photosynthesis, could contribute to supply the berry sugar content from véraison to ripeness. That has been shown in plant water deficit situations and with unbalanced leaf to fruit ratio vines
Thomson, Cynthia 1957. "The effect of a high fruit and vegetable, low fat dietary intervention on immune function, DNA adduct formation, and body composition among breast cancer survivors." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288909.
Full textShenasi, Mariam H. "Studies on the formation of mycotoxins, microbial interaction and biochemical composition during ripening stages of different cultivars of date fruit from the United Arab Emirates." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251239.
Full textHill, Brycen Thomas. "Root restriction, under-trellis cover cropping, and rootstock modify vine size and berry composition of Cabernet Sauvignon." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/75223.
Full textMaster of Science
Chan-Blanco, Yanine. "Caractérisation du fruit de noni (Morinda citrifolia) au cours du processus de maturation et de sénescence et étude de l'impact de la microfiltration tangentielle sur la composition du jus." Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20048.
Full textGesimba, Robert Morwani. "Screening Passiflora Species For Drought Tolerance, Compatibility With Purple Passion Fruit, Fusarium Wilt Resistance And The Relationship Between Irrigation, Drenching And Media Composition In The Control Of Fusarium Wilt." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1228238434.
Full textZhao, Jiantao. "Combining Association and Haplotype Studies Towards the Improvement of Fruit Quality in Tomato Multiple haplotype-based analyses provide genetic and evolutionary insights into tomato fruit weight and composition Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies provides insights into genetic control of tomato flavor Genomic designing for climate smart tomato." Thesis, Avignon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AVIG0712.
Full textConsumers have been complaining about tomato flavor for decades. Tomato taste is mainly influenced by sugars, acids and a diverse set of volatiles. Improving tomato flavor remains one of the main challenges for improving tomato sensory quality and consumer acceptability in modern tomato breeding. The main purpose of this thesis was to decipher the genetic and evolutionary control of tomato flavor by using high density SNPs and a diverse set of flavor-related metabolites, including sugars, acids, amino acids and volatiles. In the first part, I performed multiple haplotype-based analyses on a tomato core collection. Several approaches were used and compared to identify the genomic regions under selection. Haplotype and SNP-based Bayesian models identified 108 significant associations for 26 traits. Among these associations, some promising candidate genes were identified. I also compared marker local haplotype sharing (mLHS) with LD in determining the candidate regions. In addition, some general benefits of using haplotypes were also provided as general discussions. In the second part, I pioneered in introducing meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies using three tomato association panels. I demonstrated the efficiency of genotype imputation in increasing the genome-wide SNP coverage. Both fixed-effect and random-effect models (for those SNPs with heterogeneity I2 > 25) of meta-analysis were performed in order to control cross-study heterogeneity. A total of 305 significant loci were identified and 211 of which were new. Among them, 24 loci exhibited cis-eQTLs in a previous transcriptome-wide association study in fruit tissue. Enrichment analysis for all associations showed that up to 10 biological processes were significantly enriched and all of which were closely involved in flavor-related metabolites. A list of promising candidate genes was provided, which could be of great interest for functional validation. I also demonstrated the possibility to significantly increase the content of volatiles that positively contribute to consumer preferences while reducing unpleasant volatiles, by selection of the relevant allele combinations. Taken together, this thesis provides a comprehensive knowledge of the genetic control of tomato flavor, which will promote its improvement
Ferreira, Carolina Queiroga. "Efeito do congelamento e da estocagem na atividade enzimática da polifenoloxidase (PFO) e peroxidase (POD) e na composição físico-química de polpa congelada de cupuaçu (theobroma grandiflorum schum)." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2009. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/3709.
Full textFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas
Cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum Schum.) is one of the most popular fruit of Amazon. The pulp is commercialized in two forms: pasteurized or non pasteurized. During processing, the pulp becomes dark due to reactions catalyzed by oxidative enzymes: such as peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase. These enzymes are naturaly present in the fruit and causes alteration in its color, and also, in degradation of fruit nutrients, especially during the storage. Generally, freezing and pasteurization are used to minimize the effect caused by the oxidation reactions and to eliminate part of the microorganisms present in the fruit. The objective of this study was to evaluate the enzymatic alterations in three lots of frozen cupuaçu pulp, received from different regions, on pasteurized and non pasteurized forms and stored in between -25ºC and - 30ºC for a 12 months period. The physico-chemical analyses were carried according to Norms of the Instituto Adolfo Lutz (2005) and the analyses of polifenoloxidase and peroxidase, according to Oktay et al. (1995) and Khan and Robinson (1994), respectively. After one year of storage, it was observed that the source of each lot, the time of storage and the pasteurization processing show significant influences (1%, p<0,05) in total solid level, ascorbic acid content, titratable acidity and peroxidase activity. The source of each lot, the pasteurization processing, times of storage and the interaction between lot source and pasteurization processing showed significative differences (1%, p<0,05) on the sugars content. The polyphenol oxidases in the pasteurized and non pasteurized pulps, from the three lots, presented variations during twelve months of storage under freezing.
O cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum Schum.) está entre os frutos mais populares da Amazônia, sendo comercializado como polpa congelada pasteurizada ou não. Durante o processamento dos frutos o tecido vegetal torna-se escuro devido às reações catalisadas por enzimas oxidativas: peroxidase e polifenoloxidase, presentes naturalmente nos frutos atuando não somente na alteração da cor, mas também na degradação dos nutrientes, especialmente durante o armazenamento. O congelamento e a pasteurização são geralmente utilizados para minimizar os efeitos causados pela oxidação e eliminar parte dos microrganismos presentes nos frutos. Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar as alterações físico-químicas e enzimáticas em três lotes de polpas congeladas de cupuaçu, provenientes de diferentes regiões, pasteurizadas e não pasteurizadas, armazenadas em temperatura entre -25ºC e -30ºC por um período de 12 meses. As análises físico-químicas foram realizadas a partir das Normas do Instituto Adolfo Lutz (2005) e as análises de polifenoloxidase e peroxidase, segundo método descrito por Oktay, M. et al. (1995) e Khan e Robinson (1994), respectivamente. Foi realizada uma análise estatística dos dados coletados segundo o modelo linear geral e através do teste ANOVA. Após o período de armazenamento observou-se que a procedência do lote, o tempo de armazenamento e a submissão ao processo de pasteurização exerceram influências significativas (1%, p<0,05) nos teores de sólidos totais, ácido ascórbico, acidez titulável e na atividade da peroxidase. Os açúcares foram influenciados de forma significativa (1%, p<0,05) pelo lote, pasteurização e tempo de estocagem, bem como pela interação do lote e da pasteurização. A polifenoloxidase nas amostras pasteurizadas e não pasteurizadas, em todos os lotes, apresentou variações durante os doze meses de armazenamento sob congelamento.
Vlček, Ličková Nina. "Usedlost Rychaltice." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-215962.
Full textLegentil, Anne. "Étude de la composition chimique des pectines de la paroi cellulaire de la fraise et de leur solubilisation par des préparations enzymatiques industrielles : application à la liquéfaction de la fraise." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPL018N.
Full textBarcia, Milene Teixeira. "Composição centesimal e de fitoquímicos em jambolão (Syzygium cumini)." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2009. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/1306.
Full textThe jambolanum is a tree originating from India and Indonesia, belonging to the family of Mirtaceas. The tree bears fruit during January to May in several Brazilian states. The fruit are small, purpleand involves a single core. The taste of jambolanum not stand out so much because the astringency of the fruit. The consumption of tropical fruit is growing in the last years due to the appeal of nutritional and therapeutic effects. These fruits contain different phytochemicals, many of these exhibit antioxidant properties, especially the tocopherols, carotenoids and phenolic compounds, because its property of reacting with free radicals. Among the phenolic compounds there are the flavonoids that chemically, include anthocyanins and flavonols. Practically do not know the chemical composition of jambolanum because; therefore, the knowledge of some of its components is important to predict the feasibility of their use as in natura foods and as raw material for the production of other products. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of the fruits of jambolanum collected from three cities in the southern state of RS. The experiment consists of three trees in three different cities of the southern of RS(Santa Vitória do Palmar, Pelotas and Capão of Leão), and its was analyzed for chemical and phytochemical compositiont.By the results it was found that the jambolanum fruit shows the chemical composition similar to other fruits, presenting low amount of ash, proteins, pectin and fiber. The moistureand sugar content and pH is characteristic of citrus fruit; however, the fruit showed higher soluble solids content. The Jambolanum fruit presents low tocopherols and ascorbic acid content, but it showed a high content of tannins and phenol compounds.
O jambolão é uma árvore originária da Índia e Indonésia, pertencente à família das Mirtáceas. Frutifica nos meses de janeiro a maio, em diversos estados do Brasil. Os frutos são pequenos, de coloração roxa e envolve um caroço único. O sabor do jambolão não se destaca muito devido a adstringência da fruta. O consumo de frutas tropicais vem aumentando nos últimos anos devido ao apelo pelo seu valor nutritivo e aos efeitos terapêuticos. Estas frutas contêm diferentes fitoquímicos, muitos destes exibem propriedades antioxidantes, com destaque para os tocoferóis, carotenóides e compostos fenólicos, devido suas propriedades de reagir com os radicais livres presentes. Dentre os compostos fenólicos destacam-se os flavonóides que quimicamente, englobam as antocianinas e os flavonóis. Praticamente não se conhece a composição química do jambolão, devido a isto, o conhecimento de alguns de seus componentes se faz importante, para prever a viabilidade de sua utilização como alimento in natura e como matéria prima para a elaboração de outros produtos. Este estudo apresentou como objetivo avaliar a composição química das frutas de jambolão colhidas de diferentes plantas de três cidades da Região Sul do estado do RS. O experimento consta de frutas oriundas de três árvores distintas em três cidades do Sul do estado (Santa Vitória do Palmar, Pelotas e Capão do Leão), sendo avaliadas quanto a composição química e ao teor de fitoquímicos. Pelos resultados observa-se que o jambolão apresenta composição química similar a outras frutas características da região, apresentando baixo conteúdo em cinzas, proteínas, pectina e de fibras. O teor de umidade, açúcares e pH é característico de frutas cítricas, no entanto, com um teor superior em sólidos solúveis. A fruta apresenta baixo conteúdo em tocoferóis e ácido ascórbico, porém apresenta um alto teor de taninos e de compostos fenólicos.
Silveira, João Paulo Generoso. "Crescimento vegetativo, potencial produtivo e qualidade dos frutos de macieiras tratadas com reguladores de crescimento." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2011. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/1122.
Full textThe aim of this study was to evaluate effects of spraying apple trees with prohexadione-calcium (ProCa) (na inhibitor of gibberellins synthesis) and gibberellin (GA₃) on vegetative growth, yield potential, fruit quality, and occurrence of bitter pit in the fruit. The experimente was conducted in na orchard located in São Joaquim, Santa catarina State (Southern Brazil), in 2009/2010. catarina and Fuji apple trees were sprayed with water (control), ProCa and gibberellin (both products at the dose of 319 mg L¯¹), at the petal fall stage (October 15, 2009), when shoots were 5-10 cm long, with treatments repeated after 20 days. Leaves were assessed (in termsmof chlorophyll contente, área, dry mater and specific área) in January/2010, and length of current season shoots and weight of shoots removed by winter pruning were assessed in May/2010. The number of flower buds ando f fruit per flower bud were assessed in October/2009 and November/2010, respectively. Fruit were harvest at comercial maturity and then assessed for percentage of red skin área, skin color, density, weight, skin and pulp textures, flesh firmness, titratable acidity (TA), solids soluble contente (SSC) and starch index. Fruit were cold stored (0±0.5°C/90-95% RH) for four months, followed seven days for simulate marketing (20±4°C/60-70% RH) for four months, same evaluation carried out at harvest, as well as for incidence (%) and index of bitter pit. Trees treated with ProCa had higher leaf chlorophyll contente and lower specific leaf área in Fuji , lower leaf área in Catarina , lower shoot growth in both cultivars, and lower weight of shoots removed by winter pruning in Catarina , in the year following the treatment of the trees, both cultivars sprayed with ProCa had lower fruit set. the ProCa incresead the red color in Catarina apples. At harvest, the force for pulp penetratoon in the red side of the fruit was incresead in apple trees of both cultivars sprayed with ProCa. After cold stored, Fuji apples of trees sprayed with GA₃ had lower flesh firmness, while Catarina apples of trees sprayed with ProCa had higher firmness. Fruit Ca contente was not diferente between ProCa and GA₃ and between ProCa e the control in both cultivars. Fuji apples from trees treated with ProCa had lower N/Ca ratio in the skin tissue. Teh treatment with ProCa incresead the flesh firmness in the reddish fruit side and reduced the index of bitter pit during cold storage in both cultuivars. The use of ProCa in apples orchards might represent a new technology to reduce trees vegetative growth and the occurrence of bitter pit in the fruit. The GA₃ sprayed after full bloom increases trees vegetative growth and might cause changes in fruit quality atributes, leading to advanced maturiry, as well as increases the development of bitter pit
Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo avaliar os efeitos da pulverização de macieira com um inibidor da síntese de giberelinas, o prohexadiona-cálcio (ProCa), e com giberelina (GA₃), no crescimento vegetativo e potencial produtivo das plantas, e na qualidade e ocorrência de bitter pit nos frutos. O experimento foi conduzido em um pomar localizado no município de São Joaquim, SC, na safra 2009/2010. Macieiras Catarina e Fuji foram pulverizadas com água (tratamento controle), ProCa e GA₃ (ambos os produtos na dose de 319 mg L¯¹), na queda das pétalas (15/10/2009), quando as brotações do ano estavam com 5-10 cm de comprimento, sendo repetidas após 20 dias. Foram feitas avaliações foliares (teor de clorofila, área, matéria seca e área específica), em janeiro/2010, e de comprimento dos ramos do ano e de peso dos ramos podados, em maio/2010. A contagem dos cachos florais e do números de frutos por cacho floral ocorreram em outubro/2009 e novembro/2010, respectivamente. A colheita foi realizada na maturação comercial, ocasião em que foram feitas análises nos frutos do índice de cor vermelha, cor da epiderme, densidade, peso, atributos de textura (força para a penetração da casca e força para a penetração da polpa), firmeza de polpa, acidez titulável, sólidos solúveis totais (SS) e índice de iodo-amido. Os frutos foram armazenados em câmara fria convencional (0±0,5°C/90-95% UR), durante quatro meses, seguido de sete dias de comercialização simulada (20±4°C/60-70 UR), e após submetido as mesmas avaliações feitas na colheita, bem como de incidência (%) e índice de bitter pit . O tratamento com ProCa aumentou o teor de clorofila e reduziu a área foliar específica em macieira Fuji , reduziu a área foliar em Catarina , reduziu o comprimento dos ramos do ano nas duas cultivares e o peso dos ramos podados em Catarina . No ano subsequente ao da aplicação dos tratamentos, macieiras pulverizadas com o ProCa, de ambas as cultivares, apresentaram menor frutificação. O tratamento com ProCa proporcionou maior coloração vermelha em maçãs Catarina . No momento da colheita, maçãs Fuji e Catarina provenientes de plantas pulverizadas com ProCa apresentaram maior força para a penetração da polpa no lado mais vermelho dos frutos. Após o armazenamento, maçãs Fuji de plantas pulverizadas com GA₃ apresentaram menor firmeza de polpa e maçãs Catarina de plantas pulverizadas com ProCa apresentaram maior firmeza de polpa. O teor de Ca nos frutos não diferiu entre os tratamentos ProCa e GA₃ e entre ProCa e controle, em ambas as cultivares. Maçãs Fuji apresentaram menor relação N/Ca no tecido da casca quando pulverizadas com ProCa. O tratamento com ProCa proporcionou aumento na firmeza no lado mais vermelho do fruto e reduziu o índice de bitter pit durante o armazenamento refrigerado em ambas as cultivares. A utilização do ProCa na cultura da macieira pode ser uma nova alternativa para o controle do crescimento vegetativo de da manifestação do bitter pit nos frutos. O GA₃, pulverizado em pós-floração, em macieiras aumenta o crescimento vegetativo e pode ocasionar algumas modificações nos atributos de qualidade nos frutos, indicando um avanço na maturação, e na manifestação do bitter pit
Siguemoto, Érica Sayuri. "Composição nutricional e propriedades funcionais do murici (Byrsomina crassifolia) e moringa (Moringa Oleifera)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6138/tde-25092013-083726/.
Full textIntroduction - Some vegetables species, not presented in the diet of the brazilian, can be a good source of nutrients and bioactive compounds, and the gap or loss of knowledge about them disfavors the inclusion in the diet. Objectives Evaluate the nutritional composition and the functional properties of drumstick leaves powder (Moringa oleifera) and the pulp of nance fruit (Byrsonima crassifolia). Methods The nance fruits were collected in three different cities of Pará (Brazil). The drumstick leaves powder was collected in the city of Marília (Brazil), in the periods of february (summer), may (autumn), july (winter) and october (spring) of 2012. It was performed physicochemical characterization of the samples, determination of vitamin C and carotenoids. From the extract of drumstick leaves powder and nance fruit, was analyzed the total reducing substance, the profile of phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity by the ability to scavenger peroxyl radical and by the ORAC method, antiglycation activity and inhibition of pancreatic lipase. Results The nance fruit is rich in vitamin C (39,1 mg 100 g (18,66 mg 100 g -1 -1 of sample) and carotenoids, mostly, lutein of sample). The extract of nance contains flavonoids (epicatechin, catechin, rutin and quercetin), and has high antioxidant activity by the DPPH and ORAC methods, IC 50 of 1,2 mg souble solid mL -1 and 46,1 mmol equivalent Trolox 100 g solid, respectively. Moreover, was observed inhibitory activity of pancreatic lipase and antiglycation activity of the extract of nance. Altogether, the drumstick leaves powder has -1 soluble high content of protein (24,5 g 100 g potassium (1,8 g 100 g 1 -1 of sample), calcium (1,9 g 100 g of sample), and total fiber (38,2 g 100 g 1 1 of sample), of sample). The drumstick leaves powder has high content of carotenoids, mostly, lutein (304,1 mg 100 g -1 of sample) and -carotene (90,4 mg 100 g -1 of sample). In the extracts of drumstick leaves powder were identified chlorogenic acid and rutin. The extract presents low activity of pancreatic lipase inhibition (IC 50 849.1 µg soluble solid mL -1 ), yet was capable of inhibiting the formation of glycation endproducts system BSA/ methylglyoxal. Conclusion The nance fruit and the drumstick leaves powder shows to be vegetable species promising in improving the diet of the Brazilian, due to the nutritional characteristics presented in this study
Silva, Vânia Maria Barboza da. "Características de composição química e atividades da Peroxidase e da Polifenoloxidase dos cultivares de abacaxi MD-2 e Pérola." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2012. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/4053.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Pineapple is a fruit widely appreciated as fresh fruit. But its chemical composition varies widely between different cultivars. This study evaluated the content of some chemical components and the activity of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase in pineapple MD-2 and Pearl mature, comparing them with each other. The chemical components of two cultivars analyzed showed that, statistically, the Soluble Solids and Titratable Total Acidity showed higher values than MD-2 pineapple pineapples in Pearl, possibly explaining the latter being more appreciated as fresh fruit by locals while the MD-2 pineapples are more accepted for export. The optimum pH and temperature for the peroxidase activity of MD-2 pineapples were pH 5.0 at 40 ° C and less favorable pH found in this study form. In pineapples Pearl optimal conditions recorded were 50 ° C and pH 5.5 and less favorable 40 º C and pH 6.0. At 30 ° C the specific activity was recorded 3.69 and 3.92 U mg protein-1 for pineapples and Pearl MD-2, respectively. The natural pH of 3.23 MD-2 and 3.59 pH of Pearl were statistically different between the cultivars did not differ tannins and content of L-ascorbic acid was significantly higher in Pearl pineapples. However, the peroxidase activity was significantly higher in Pearl, that the MD-2 and therefore the MD-2 deterioradora less subject to the action of this enzyme.
O abacaxi é uma fruta amplamente apreciada como fruta fresca. Mas sua composição química apresenta grande variação entre cultivares distintas. Este trabalho avaliou o teor de alguns componentes químicos e a atividade da peroxidase e polifenoloxidase nos abacaxis MD-2 e Pérola maduros, comparando-os entre si. Os componentes químicos das duas cultivares analisadas demonstraram que, estatisticamente, os teores de Sólidos Solúveis e Acidez Total Titulável apresentaram valores maiores em abacaxis MD-2 que em abacaxis Pérola; possivelmente, o que explica estes últimos serem mais apreciados como fruta fresca pela população local, enquanto os abacaxis MD-2 são mais aceitos para fins de exportação. As condições ótimas de pH e temperatura para a atividade da peroxidase de abacaxis MD-2 foram pH 5,0 a 40°C e as menos favoráveis encontrados neste estudo forma pH. Em abacaxis Pérola as condições ótimas registradas foram 50ºC e pH 5,5 e as menos favoráveis 40ºC e pH 6,0. À temperatura de 30°C a atividade específica registrada foi 3,69 e 3,92 U·mg Proteína-1 para os abacaxis MD-2 e Pérola, respectivamente. O pH 3,23 natural do MD-2 e o pH 3,59 do Pérola foram estatisticamente diferentes entre os cultivares, taninos não diferiram e o teor de ácido L-ascórbico foi significativamente superior em abacaxis Pérola. Contudo, a atividade da peroxidase foi significativamente maior no Pérola, que no MD-2, sendo, portanto o MD-2 menos sujeito à ação deterioradora desta enzima.
Kader, Farid. "Analyse des transformations oxydasiques (PPO, POD) responsables du brunissement et de la dégradation des pigments anthocyaniques des jus de bluet (Vaccinium corymbosum, L. ) : caractéristiques des principaux constituants du fruit : importance de la contribution des intermédiaires quinoniques." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPL131N.
Full textHmid, Ilham. "CONTRIBUTION A LA VALORISATION ALIMENTAIRE DE LA GRENADE MAROCAINE (Punica Granatum L.) : CARACTERISATION PHYSICOCHIMIQUE, BIOCHIMIQUE ET STABILITE DE LEUR JUS FRAIS." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01066442.
Full textHickey, Cain Charles. "Vines of different capacity and water status alter the sensory perception of Cabernet Sauvignon wines." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42667.
Full textMaster of Science
SOUSA, Amanda Goulart de Oliveira. "Qualidade nutricional e valor protéico das amêndoas de baru, de pequi e da castanha-de-caju-do-cerrado em relação ao amendoim." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1467.
Full textThe aim of this study was to determine the nutritional quality and protein value of the baru almond, pequi almond, and cerrado cashew nut, native fruits from the Brazilian Savanna, compared to the peanut. Standardized methods were used to determine centesimal composition, amino acid profile, fatty acids and mineral content. The experiment was carried out with 42 male weanling Wistar rats. The animals were randomly assigned into seven groups. The experiment lasted fourteen days. The diets were formulated according to AIN-93G, six diets with 10% protein: CAS7 (7% lipid casein), CAS15 (15% lipid casein), AMB (baru almond), AMP (pequi almond), CJC (cerrado cashew nut), AMD (peanut) and a protein-free diet. A biological assay was carried out to assess the protein value, by Net Protein Ratio (NPR), Relative Net Protein Ratio (RNPR), and Protein Digestibility-Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS) methods. We found that the exotic almonds and the nut are rich in proteins (22.7 29.9 g/100 g), lipids (41.9 50.0 g/100 g), fibres (baru and pequi almonds, around 10.0 g/100 g), iron and zinc (4.3 7.4 mg/100 g). Baru almond s protein did not show deficiency in essential amino acids and lysine was the first limiting amino acid in the proteins of the pequi almond and cerrado cashew nut. The baru almond showed a RNPR of 86%, similar to that of the cerrado cashew nut (78%), but higher than that of the peanut (72%) and of the pequi almond (54%). The PDCAAS value of the baru almond (91%) was the highest and cerrado cashew nut and peanut presented similar values of this index (82%), which were higher than that of the pequi almond (55%). The baru almond has the highest protein quality, but the cerrado cashew nut and peanut are sources of good quality protein, too. We recommend the inclusion of these exotic foods in healthy diets and in food industry, and the baru almond and cerrado cashew nut as sources of complementary protein.
O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a qualidade nutricional e o valor protéico das amêndoas de baru e de pequi e da castanha-de-caju-do-cerrado, frutas nativas do Cerrado brasileiro, e comparar com o amendoim. Determinou-se a composição química centesimal, teor de minerais e perfil de aminoácidos, conforme métodos padronizados. Foi realizado um experimento com 42 ratos Wistar, machos, recém-desmamados, distribuídos em sete grupos segundo delineamento por blocos casualizados, durante catorze dias. As dietas foram formuladas segundo AIN-93G, sendo seis dietas com 10% de proteína: CAS7 (caseína com 7% de lipídios); CAS15 (caseína com 15% de lipídios); amêndoas de baru (AMB); amêndoa de pequi (AMP); castanha-de-caju-do-cerrado (CJC) e amendoim (AMD), e uma dieta aprotéica (APO). O valor protéico foi estimado por meio dos métodos Net Protein Ratio (NPR), Relative Net Protein Ratio (RNPR) e Protein Digestibility-Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS). As amêndoas de baru, de pequi e a castanha-de-caju-do-cerrado são ricas em proteínas (22,7-29,9 g/100 g), lipídios (41,9-50,0 g/100 g), fibras (amêndoas de baru e de pequi, em torno de 10,0 g/100 g), ferro e zinco (4,3-7,4 mg/100 g). A proteína da amêndoa de baru não apresentou deficiência em aminoácidos essenciais, e a lisina foi o primeiro aminoácido limitante nas proteínas da amêndoa de pequi e da castanha-de-caju-do-cerrado, e o segundo limitante na proteína do amendoim. A amêndoa de baru apresentou RNPR de 86%, estatisticamente similar ao da castanha-de-caju-do-cerrado (78%), mas superior ao do amendoim (72%) e da amêndoa do pequi (54%). A amêndoa de baru apresentou maior valor de PDCAAS (91%), e a castanha-de-caju-do-cerrado e o amendoim apresentaram valores semelhantes para este índice (82%), seguidos pela amêndoa de pequi (55%). A amêndoa de baru possui maior qualidade protéica, porém a castanha-de-caju-do-cerrado e o amendoim também são fontes de proteína de boa qualidade. Recomendamos a inclusão destes alimentos nativos em dietas saudáveis e na indústria alimentícia, e a amêndoa de baru e a castanha-de-caju-do-cerado como fontes de proteínas complementares.
BOBEICA, NATALIA. "Manipolazione della maturazione in Vitis vinifera L.: rapporto tra superficie fogliare/uva e gli interazioni delle pratiche colturali." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/6538.
Full textGlobal warming is inducing a general earliness in the onset of grapevine phenological stages including ripening, a phenomenon that occurs often in the hottest seasons and which leads to unbalanced wines. Grape berry composition mainly consists of primary and secondary metabolites. Both are sensitive to environment and viticultural management. As a consequence, climate change can affect berry composition and modify wine quality and typicity. Leaf removal techniques can impact berry composition by modulating the source-to-sink balance. During the three years of PhD, different leaf-to-fruit ratios were studied to clarify action mechanisms vs the ripening process. In this research was studied the effect of severity, timing and position of leaf removal on two cultivars, Sangiovese and Cabernet Sauvignon.
Landers, Emilee Kathleen. "Rapid Compositional Assessment of Tomato Fruit by Using Portable Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1417539506.
Full textBochi, Vivian Caetano. "OTIMIZAÇÃO DE UMA FORMULAÇÃO DE FISHBURGER DE JUNDIÁ (RHAMDIA QUELEN) VISANDO O APROVEITAMENTO DE RESÍDUOS DA FILETAGEM DO PROCESSAMENTO DE FRUTAS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2007. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5749.
Full textEste trabalho avaliou o aproveitamento de resíduos resultantes da filetagem e de extratos vegetais de sementes de frutas na otimização de formulações de fishburgers de jundiá (Rhamdia quelen). Os resíduos da filetagem do jundiá foram processados e obteve-se uma polpa de resíduos da filetagem (PRF) utilizada em diferentes níveis (0-controle, 20, 50, e 80%) para substituir os filés de peixe na formulação de fishburger. O teor de gordura aumentou com a utilização de PSF nas formulações (p<0,05). Os fishburgers produzidos com 50-80% PRF apresentaram menores valores para as razões de ácidos graxos n-6/n-3 do que os valores obtidos para o controle (p<0,05). A capacidades de retenção de umidade e de retenção de gordura pós-cocção não foram afetadas pela utilização de PRF, no entanto as formulações com 50% de PRF tiveram os maiores rendimentos pós-cocção (p<0,05). A análise sensorial revelou que a textura e suculência das formulações não foram alteradas pela utilização de PRF, porém a incorporação de 80% de PRF reduziu a aceitação do produto em relação ao controle (p<0,05). Foram determinados, para extratos de sementes de manga (Mangifera indica L.), pêssego (Prunus persica), e maracujá (Passiflora sp.), o conteúdo fenólico, a atividade antioxidante pelos métodos do DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-picrilhidrazil), FRAP (poder antioxidante de redução do ferro) e a capacidade de impedir a oxidação lipídica em um sistema modelo contendo peixe (0,05, 0,1, 0,15 e 0,3 mg de compostos fenólicos/4,4ml de homogeneizado de carne de jundiá). As sementes de manga apresentaram o maior teor de compostos fenólicos totais e atividade antioxidante em DPPH e pelo método de FRAP. A oxidação lipídica no homogeneizado de carne de peixe submetido ao aquecimento (37ºC) por 90 minutos foi impedida pelo extrato das três sementes de frutas em todas as concentrações testadas. O extrato de semente de manga, que apresentou a maior atividade antioxidante in vitro, foi escolhido para a avaliação de sua capacidade em impedir a oxidação da uma formulação de fishburger produzida com resíduos da filetagem. Foram preparadas formulações de fishburger contendo 50% de resíduos de filetagem e diferentes níveis de extrato de semente de manga (0, 30 e 90 ppm de compostos fenólicos) que foram armazenadas a -10 ou -20 oC. A oxidação lipídica durante o congelamento foi acompanhada determinando-se os teores de dienos conjugados, valor de peróxidos, substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico e ácidos graxos livres. Todas as medidas de oxidação lipídica foram afetadas pela temperatura e tempo de estocagem. No entanto, ao final de 120 dias, os níveis de TBARS não alcançaram o valor limite para consumo humano. O extrato de semente de manga não apresentou efeito antioxidante contra a peroxidação lipídica nas formulações de fishburgers de jundiá. A substituição de filé de jundiá por polpa de resíduos da filetagem pode ser realizada até o nível de 50% na formulação de fishburger de jundiá significativas na qualidade sensorial, resultando em produtos com melhor valor nutricional e características pós-cocção, estáveis durante pelo menos 120 dias de congelamento.
Cartier, Nicole. "Les polysaccharides de la paroi primaire des cellules de Rubus fruticosus cultivées en suspension : intervention des polyosidases endogènes dans leur réarrangement au cours de la croissance." Grenoble 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986GRE10058.
Full textNeighbors, Stacy Marie. "Carbohydrates in Glycine max (L.) Merr. fruits during early ontogeny." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101245.
Full textM.S.
Montaut, Sabine. "Composition phytochimique et évaluation de potentialités biologiques des fruits de Isatis tinctoria L. (Brassicaceae)." Toulouse, INPT, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPT004C.
Full textLira, Rosa Cavalcante. "Caracterização nutricional e utilização de resíduos da Indústria alimentícia na dieta de frangos de corte." Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2018. http://www.repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/3163.
Full textForam realizados 4 experimentos em que o primeiro foi um ensaio de metabolismo, pelo método tradicional, que objetivou avaliar o valor nutricional do resíduo do maracujá em diferentes níveis de substituição na dieta e em duas idades de frangos de corte. Houve diferença significativa entre as idades dentro de todos os níveis de substituição do resíduo. Para a EMA, EMAn, CMMS, CMPB, CMEB), a média da idade dos frangos de 10 a 20 dias foi superior à média da idade de 1 a 11 dias dentro de todos os níveis de substituição do resíduo. O segundo e terceiro experimentos objetivaram avaliar o valor nutricional do resíduo do biscoito com os mesmos níveis de substituição e idades do primeiro experimento, tendo sido observado que as aves mais velhas apresentaram maiores médias para as variáveis EMA, EMAn, CMMS, CMPB, CMEB, em todos os níveis de substituição do resíduo. O quarto experimento objetivou avaliar o efeito da utilização do resíduo de maracujá sobre o desempenho e rendimento de carcaça de frangos de corte. 200 aves foram distribuídas em um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos (0%,4%,8%,12% e 16% de inclusão do resíduo na dieta) e quatro repetições de 10 aves. Os níveis de inclusão do resíduo influenciaram no consumo de ração nas idades de 1 a 7 dias e de 8 a 14 dias. Nos demais períodos o consumo não foi afetado. Para o ganho de peso só houve efeito nas duas primeiras semanas, com efeito linear negativos, em que a cada 1% de inclusão, o ganho de peso diminuiu em 2,3875 g/ave/semana e de 2,1830 g/ave/semana, respectivamente, para a primeira e segunda semana. A Conversão Alimentar piorou linearmente até os 21 dias e no período total de 42 dias. Houve influência negativa dos níveis de inclusão sobre o peso absoluto e relativo de coxa e positiva para o peso absoluto e rendimento de dorso. Não houve efeito para os pesos absolutos e rendimentos das vísceras comestíveis. O resíduo do maracujá e do biscoito apresentaram melhores valores nutricionais na idade de 10 a 17 dias, com bom potencial para a sua utilização na dieta de frangos de corte. O resíduo de maracujá pode ser utilizado em até 16% de inclusão na dieta no período de 22 a 40 dias de idade sem prejuízo no desempenho produtivo de frangos de corte e no período de 1 a 42 dias sem prejuízo no rendimento de carcaça.
Benito, Eugénie. "L'arbousier, Arbutus Unedo L : botanique, composition chimique, propriétés médicinales." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR2P093.
Full textFlorido, Julia Mercedes Pérez. "Avaliação da diversidade de frutas e hortaliças frutosas comercializadas no município de São Paulo: composição nutricional de macro e micronutrientes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6138/tde-06112015-134149/.
Full textIntroduction- The concept of biodiversity for food and agriculture includes a set of components such as varieties of food, level of genetic resources and management systems used in culturally diverse populations. Understanding local food biodiversity is essential to ensure food security and sustainable development. Objective- To characterize the diversity and availability of fruits and vegetables in the Sao Paulo municipality and verify the availability of nutritional information of different market groups. Methods- the market-groups targeted in this study belong to the five most commonly purchased fruits and vegetables in São Paulo, according to the Brazilian Household Budget Survey (2008-2009): banana (Musa spp.), orange (C. sinensis L. Osbeck), apple (M. domestica Borkh.), papaya (C. papaya L.), pineapple (A. comosus L.), tomato (L. esculentum Mill.), pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.) , bellpepper (C. annuum L.), cucumber (C. sativus L.), eggplant (S. melongena L.). The representation of each market group was evaluated by checking the retail trades from 18 districts classified by tertiles (HDI). A total of 73 retailers were evaluated (18 street markets and 55 markets and supermarkets) in two different seasons (July-September 2014 and February-March 2015). To perform data collection of micro and macronutrients, terms were used, including the nutritional composition, biodiversity, variety, cultivar, in various combinations, with emphasis on recently published data in databases composition of conventional foods, scientific articles, data published by national and international organizations and agencies related. Nutritional information were compiled into a single table. Results- Retailers located in high districts Human Development Index (HDI) showed greater diversity for species banana, papaya, apple, tomato, cucumber and bellpeppers compared to the average HDI districts (p <0.05) in 2014. However, high and low HDI districts offered similar amounts of market groups for the species studied, except papaya and tomatoes that were more frequently found in high HDI. For fruit, Banana Nanica, Banana Prata, Orange Pera, Apple Gala and Pineapple Pérola were present in almost 100 per cent of the establishments in the three tertile. In relation to fruit vegetables, the Bellpepper Verde and Eggplant Comum were present in almost 100 per cent of retailers evaluated in 2014. Conclusions- Differences in the availability of market groups from the species studied were observed, according to the district HDI ranking. It was found that streets markets have proven to be better places in choice of purchase by consumers, since in general, had higher diversity at lower prices than in supermarkets. Despite the meager nutritional information available in the literature, differences in concentration of certain nutrients to different market groups studied were observed. Thus, it is believed that the dissemination of such information can be beneficial for consumers make more intelligent consumer choices, increasing the diversity of nutrients in the diet.
Miodrag, Jazić. "Hemijski sastav i biološki potencijal ploda, soka i tropa kultivisane i divlje kupine (Rubus fruticosus L.)." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Tehnološki fakultet Novi Sad, 2019. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=111236&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Full textThe chemical, mineral, polyphenolics composition andbiological potentials of four blackberries varieties from twodifferent locations in the northwestern part of Bosnia andHerzegovina (Verići - wild and cultivated variety Čačanskabestrna and Javorani - wild and cultivated variety ChesterThornless) were determined. The contents of dry matter, ash,crude cellulose, total sugars, total acidity and ascorbic acid wereobtained. The contents of mineral matter were detected byoptical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) method. A classicSoxhlet extraction technique with 80% ethanol (v/v) wasapplied to obtain extracts. The spectrophotometric methodswere used to determine the content of total polyphenolics,flavonoids, flavonols, and total and monomer anthocyanins. Thecontent of individual polyphenolic compounds was determinedby HPLC method. The biological potentials (antioxidantactivity, antihyperglycemic activity, antiproliferative effect andantimicrobial activity) of the samples were determined in vitrosystems. The antioxidant activity was tested with four methods:DPPH test, ABTS test, ability to neutralize OH radicals and themethod of inhibiting Briggs Rauscher oscillatory reactions. Theantihyperglycaemic activity of the tested blackberry sampleswas based on the ability to inhibit α-glucosidase enzyme. Theantiproliferative effect of the tested samples was determined byinhibiting the growth of four human cell lines: epithelialcarcinoma of the cervix (HeLa), colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29), healthy lung fibroblast cells (MRC-5) and the cell line ofbreast adenocarcinoma (MCF7). The extracts showed thehighest inhibitory effect on the cell line of breastadenocarcinoma (MCF-7). The antimicrobial activity wasdetermined according to gram-positive bacteria (G +) ofStaphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria (G -)Escherichia coli, growth of mycelium Aspergillus niger andfungi Candida albicans. The Pearson correlations werestatistically determined the relationship between the content ofpolyphenolic compounds and biological potential, withstatistical significance (p ≤ 0.01).
Dimopoulos, Nicolas. "Compositional changes of the grape berry (Vitis vinifera L.) cuticle during fruit development in response to water deficit stress." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/64184.
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