Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fruit bats

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Fruit bats'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Fruit bats"

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Yani, Desi Arsita, and Wanda Nurma Yuliyantika. "Comparative Anatomy and Histology of Digestive Organs of Fruit-Eating Bats (Pteropus Vampyrus Linnaeus, 1758) and Insect-Eating Bats (Rhinolopus pusillus Temminck, 1834)." Proceeding International Conference on Science and Engineering 2 (March 1, 2019): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/icse.v2.51.

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Animal Bat consists of Megachiroptera and Microchiroptera. The difference between the two bats lies in the type and behavior of eating. Megachiroptera is a fruit-eating bat, while Microchiroptera is an insect-eating bat. This study aims to compare the digestive organ of fruit-eating bats (Pteropus vampyrus) and insect-eating bats (Rhinolopus pusillus). This research was conducted by observing macroanatomy and microanatomy in the digestive organ of both bats. Macroanatomy observation is done by looking at the shape and curvature of the analysis through organ photo media. Microanatomy observation was done by making organ preparations with hematoxylin-eosin staining and observed using a microscope. The digestive organ of fruit-eating bats and insectivores consists of the esophagus, stomach, duodenum and rectum. Macroanatomically, fruit-eating bats and insectivores differ in size, where the fruit-eating bat's digestive organs are larger than insectivorous bats. Microanatomically, fruit-eating bats and insectivores have relatively similar histological structures, which differ only in the size of the cell.
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Elangovan, V., G. Marimuthu, and T. H. Kunz. "Temporal patterns of individual and group foraging behaviour in the short-nosed fruit bat, Cynopterus sphinx, in south India." Journal of Tropical Ecology 15, no. 5 (September 1999): 681–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467499001091.

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The short-nosed fruit bat, Cynopterus sphinx, begins to visit fruit-bearing trees about 30 min after sunset. Individual bats often hover near or land on fruits or on nearby branches to remove whole or parts of fruits with their mouth. These bats seldom remain in the fruit-bearing trees to feed, but instead carry fruits to feeding roosts, repeating this behaviour several times throughout the night. Analysis of the temporal distribution of feeding behaviour has revealed two peaks of activity, one in the pre-midnight hours when bats fed mostly on ‘steady state’ fruits, and another during the post-midnight hours when bats fed on ‘big-bang’ fruits. Only solitary bats visited and fed on species with steady state fruiting phenologies, whereas groups of bats regularly visited and fed on species with big-bang fruiting phenologies. Thus, plant species which produce large numbers of fruits appear to promote group foraging during the latter hours of the night. It is suggested that the temporal use of available fruits in south India made it possible for C. sphinx to successfully exploit them, and thereby reduced interference competition with conspecifics.
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Raharimihaja, Tatamo E. A., Jo L. M. Rakotoarison, Paul A. Racey, and Radosoa A. Andrianaivoarivelo. "A comparison of the effectiveness of methods of deterring pteropodid bats from feeding on commercial fruit in Madagascar." Journal of Threatened Taxa 8, no. 13 (November 26, 2016): 9512. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.2688.8.13.9512-9524.

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We compared the effectiveness of methods of deterring Pteropus rufus from feeding on commercial fruit in east central and southeastern Madagascar in 2012–2013 during the Litchi chinensis harvest. Two of the three methods used, installing plastic flags and ringing bells in the trees, were derived from those used by litchi growers in the southeast. We improved and standardized these methods and compared their effectiveness with an organic product made from dried blood and vegetable oil (Plantskydd®) with a taste and odour aimed at deterring mammal feeding. The bats damaged from 440–7,040 g of litchi fruits per tree and two of the three methods reduced the fruit lost to bats: the plastic flags and the organic deterrent. There were significant differences in the damage levels between the study sites and between our three methods of deterrence. The plastic flags and bell ringing methods were significantly less effective in reducing the fruit bat damage compared to the taste deterrent. The latter was most effective when it had enough time to dry and adhere to the fruits after spraying and before rain. Its effectiveness was further demonstrated in flight cage experiments during which Rousettus madagascariensis avoided litchis treated with Plantskydd®. Analysis of bat faecal samples revealed no feeding preference but the collected samples contained large numbers of Ficus seeds, suggesting that the bats feed extensively on Ficus fruits rather than on fruit of economic importance. Apart from fruit ripeness, tree productivity or other phenological factors did not affect the amount of fruit eaten by the bats. More fruits were damaged by birds than bats at both study sites.
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Fransiska Okta Zania, Audina Putri Geraldine, Citra Kurnia Putri, Ryanka Edila, and Aditya Yudhana. "Laporan Pertama Kasus Infestasi Spinturnix spp. pada Kelelawar Pemakan Buah (Rousettus spp.)." Media Kedokteran Hewan 33, no. 3 (September 8, 2022): 233–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mkh.v33i3.2022.233-243.

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Rousettus spp. is one of the wild animals that may transmit various diseases including zoonotic. Rousettus spp. or known as fruit bat is found in Java island and belongs to the Pteropodidae family. Generally, Rousettus spp. consumes fruit and floral products. This case report aims to detect ectoparasites in fruit bats (Rousettus spp.) found at Djawatan Banyuwangi, East Java. The samples in this case report are seven fruit bats (Rousettus spp.). Based on the results of laboratory identification using the whole mount method, from 7 samples of fruit bats (Rousettus spp.), there are five fruit bats (Rousettus spp.) were infected with Spinturnix spp.. Spinturnix spp. that obtained from fruit bats (Rousettus spp.) were examined using a binocular microscope (Olympus CX-23, Tokyo Japan) with a magnification of 100 times. Images of ectoparasites and bats were taken using a Nikon d5300 camera. Total amount of Spinturnix spp. that was successfully obtained from 5 fruit bats (Rousettus spp.) are 25 individuals.
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Edirisinghe, W. G. M., and T. G. T. Kusuminda. "On the nectar feeding by the fulvous fruit bat (Rousettus leschenaulti)." TAPROBANICA 6, no. 1 (June 29, 2014): 66–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.47605/tapro.v6i1.135.

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Phytophagous or fruit bats feed primarily on fruits, seeds, and flower buds. Some fruit bats also feed on flower nectar, a habit that affects pollination and plant dispersal. As a consequence of chiropteran nectarivory many commercially important plant species are known to be pollinated. Nectar is an important source of carbohydrates and water for bats. Plant characteristics that influence pollination include time of anthesis; mode of nectar secretion; the colour, odour, morphology, position of flowers; the amount and protein content of pollen; the volume of nectar; and, the concentration of sugar.
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MB, Freitas. "Glyphosate Alters Redox Balance and Induces Histomorphological Alterations in the Testes of Fruit-Eating Bats (Artibeus lituratus)." International Journal of Zoology and Animal Biology 6, no. 1 (2023): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/izab-16000436.

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We investigate the effects of Glyphosate (GLY) on the testes of fruit-eating bats (Artibeus lituratus). Our study aimed to evaluate the effects of short-time exposure to GLY herbicide on adult male bats testes. Adult male bats were exposed for three days: Control (fed fresh fruits) and GLY (fed 4 mL / 100 mL GLY-pulverized fruit). Animals fed with contaminated fruits showed a reduction in body mass. Antioxidant enzyme catalase (CAT) activity and carbonylated protein (PCN) levels increased in the teste’s GLY-exposed bats. Histomorphometry revealed an increase in the luminal parameters as well as in the epithelium tubule ratio, which is indicative of a reduction in epithelium area. There was also an increase in the percentage of macrophages and a decrease in the percentage and number of Leydig cells. The results indicate that short term exposure to GLY in frugivorous bats may cause oxidative stress of the tissue that possibly induces testicular morphological changes that may compromise the reproduction and maintenance of the species.
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Florens, F. B. Vincent. "Mauritius culls threatened fruit bats." Nature 530, no. 7588 (February 2016): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/530033a.

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Francis, Charles M., Edythe L. P. Anthony, Jennifer A. Brunton, and Thomas H. Kunz. "Lactation in male fruit bats." Nature 367, no. 6465 (February 1994): 691–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/367691a0.

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TAN, K. H., A. ZUBAID, and T. H. KUNZ. "Food habits of Cynopterus brachyotis (Muller) (Chiroptera: Pteropodidau) in Peninsular Malaysia." Journal of Tropical Ecology 14, no. 3 (May 1998): 299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467498000236.

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Information on the feeding habits of the the lesser dog-faced friut bat, Cynopterus brachyotis, was obtained by the collection of food remains directly beneath daytime and feeding roosts. The bats were found to feed on the fruits of 54 plant species, the leaves of 14 species and the flower parts of four species. The seasonal phenological differences among congeneric plant species led to steady production of fruit throughout the year and the data suggets that Ficus spp. are a key component in the diet. Judging from its wide selection of fruits, C. brachyotis, is considered to be an important seed disperser. Folivory in C. brachyotis appears to be more common than previously thought. Of the leaves consumed by the bats, seven species belonged to the family Leguminosae, followed by Myrtaccae, Moraccae, Rhizophoacae and Euphorbiaccae. Friuts in general, provide an energy rich diet for phytophagous bats but most are low in protein. In contrast, leaves consumed by bats have a relatively high protein content. We suggest that folivory (by leaf fractionation) should be energetically more advantageous than the ingestion of large amounts of low protein friut or the active pursuit of mobile insects.
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Harima, Hayato, Michihito Sasaki, Yasuko Orba, Kosuke Okuya, Yongjin Qiu, Christida E. Wastika, Katendi Changula, et al. "Attenuated infection by a Pteropine orthoreovirus isolated from an Egyptian fruit bat in Zambia." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 9 (September 7, 2021): e0009768. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009768.

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Background Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) is an emerging bat-borne zoonotic virus that causes severe respiratory illness in humans. Although PRVs have been identified in fruit bats and humans in Australia and Asia, little is known about the prevalence of PRV infection in Africa. Therefore, this study performed an PRV surveillance in fruit bats in Zambia. Methods Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus, n = 47) and straw-colored fruit bats (Eidolon helvum, n = 33) captured in Zambia in 2017–2018 were screened for PRV infection using RT-PCR and serum neutralization tests. The complete genome sequence of an isolated PRV strain was determined by next generation sequencing and subjected to BLAST and phylogenetic analyses. Replication capacity and pathogenicity of the strain were investigated using Vero E6 cell cultures and BALB/c mice, respectively. Results An PRV strain, tentatively named Nachunsulwe-57, was isolated from one Egyptian fruit bat. Serological assays demonstrated that 98% of sera (69/70) collected from Egyptian fruit bats (n = 37) and straw-colored fruit bats (n = 33) had neutralizing antibodies against PRV. Genetic analyses revealed that all 10 genome segments of Nachunsulwe-57 were closely related to a bat-derived Kasama strain found in Uganda. Nachunsulwe-57 showed less efficiency in viral growth and lower pathogenicity in mice than another PRV strain, Miyazaki-Bali/2007, isolated from a patient. Conclusions A high proportion of Egyptian fruit bats and straw-colored fruit bats were found to be seropositive to PRV in Zambia. Importantly, a new PRV strain (Nachunsulwe-57) was isolated from an Egyptian fruit bat in Zambia, which had relatively weak pathogenicity in mice. Taken together, our findings provide new epidemiological insights about PRV infection in bats and indicate the first isolation of an PRV strain that may have low pathogenicity to humans.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fruit bats"

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Giles, John. "Fruit Bat Foraging Ecology and Emergence of Hendra Virus in Australia." Thesis, Griffith University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365953.

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Hendra virus is a bat-borne RNA virus that has recently emerged as a public health concern in Australia. Hendra virus is maintained in its reservoir hosts, pteropid bats (Pteropus alecto, P. poliocephalus, P. conspiculatus, and P. scapulatus) and occasionally spills over into horses. Previous research notes the considerable spatiotemporal variability in both spillover events and viral excretion from bats, which has generated many hypotheses to explain Hendra virus disease dynamics. However, the complex drivers of disease emergence make it difficult to ascertain the ecological drivers to spillover and the human-mediated factors that influence them. In this thesis, I employ a diverse set of analyses to investigate patterns of Hendra virus spillover and viral prevalence in bat populations, focusing on foraging resources as a driver of bat population distribution. Specifically, I develop an integrative theoretical foundation to model transmission among roosts using a resource-driven metapopulation approach. I use temporal models of bat population flux and foraging intensity built with remotely sensed proxies of Eucalypt phenology to understand changes in resources and population abundance. I analyze the periodicity, spatiotemporal synchrony, and environmental drivers of viral prevalence among bat roosts. Concerning future data collection studies, I develop theoretical spatial simulations to optimize the use of under-roost sheet sampling methods that collect pooled urine samples.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith School of Environment
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Richter, Heidi V. "The foraging ecology of fruit bats in the seasonal environment of central Zambia." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0006800.

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Oleksy, Ryszard Zbigniew. "The contribution of fruit bats (Pteropus rufus) to seed dispersal and forest regeneration in Madagascar." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.658638.

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The maintenance and restoration of tropical forest biodiversity is a global priority. Madagascar, a biodiversity 'hots pot', is unique, yet highly threatened due to ongoing deforestation. In this thesis I focus on the Madagascar flying fox (Pteropus rufus), the largest Malagasy fruit bat, and its role in forest regeneration and maintenance. I use ecological niche modelling to indicate the most suitable roosting habitat for the species and predict changes in distribution based on future climate change scenarios. Future predictions suggested that by 2080 there will be significant shifts in the distribution of P. rufus towards the central, more upland part of the island. To evaluate the role of these bats in forest regeneration, I compare germination rates of bat-processed and unprocessed seeds. Furthermore, I conduct high-resolution Global Positioning System (GPS) tracking of P. rufus to document their home ranges, movement, foraging patterns and habitat preferences. The results indicate that passage through the gut of bats increased the germination rate of defecated fig seeds and bats were able to disperse seeds over large areas and into areas cleared of trees. The bats were recorded to fly up to 66.5 km per night at a maximum speed of 17.04 m/s and the home range of all of the 15 tagged bats was over 58,000 ha. Additionally, the bats preferred feeding in forest remnants hence increasing the chances of seed deposition in such habitats, and ultimately their regeneration. Pteropus rufus bats have short gut retention times (GRTs) (estimated at 12 min) but are sometimes able to retain seeds for over 20 h. Through feeding observations in the wild, captive feeding trials and GPS tracking, seed shadow maps were created. The maps indicated that bats produced extensive seed shadow webs when feeding on figs within their large forging areas. Although P. rufus plays an important role in the early succession of tropical forest in Madagascar, it is threatened by hunting and by roost disturbance. This study provides new insights into the ecology and behaviour of the Madagascar flying fox.
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Nowak, Kathrin [Verfasser]. "African fruit bats as potential reservoir for zoonotic pathogens - the example of Escherichia coli / Kathrin Nowak." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1176639382/34.

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Nowak, Astrid Kathrin [Verfasser]. "African fruit bats as potential reservoir for zoonotic pathogens - the example of Escherichia coli / Kathrin Nowak." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:188-refubium-23453-4.

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Hodgkison, Robert. "The ecology of fruit bats (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae) in a Malaysian lowland dipterocarp forest, with particular reference to the spotted-winged fruit bat (Balionycteris maculata, Thomas)." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=165889.

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The aim of this project was to investigate the ecology of fruit bats within an area of old growth lowland dipterocarp forest in Peninsular Malaysia, with particular reference to Balionycteris maculata. Food particle size and crop size were two important factors that influenced diet choice and the partitioning of food resources throughout the fruit bat community at Kuala Lompat (Krau Wildlife Reserve, Pahang). Balionycteris maculata was the only species that fed regularly on the small, low-density fruits of understorey trees. Because they exploit food resources that are locally available throughout the year, male B. maculata are able to divide their nightly activity time between foraging and roost defence. Hence this species has developed a harem-based polygynous mating system, in which the roost cavity represents a critical resource for the recruitment of females. The roost cavities occupied by B. maculata were found within a variety of forest structures, including ant nests, termite nests, and epiphyte root masses. The consistent shape and positioning of these roost cavities, along with a single observation of cavity enlargement, indicate that B. maculata plays an active role in their creation. Balionycteris maculata has a polyoestrous reproductive cycle and gives birth to up to two litters per year. Although lactating females were captured throughout the year, the highest incidence of lactation was recorded between May and November. This period coincided approximately with the fruiting season of a number of large-seeded non-pioneer food plant species. Hence the reproductive timing of this species may have evolved in response to seasonal variation in the quantity and/or nutritional quality of available food resources. A botanical survey of one hectare of old growth forest revealed that 14% of trees (> 15 cm g.b.h.) were at least partially dependent upon fruit bats for pollination and/or seed dispersal. Hence fruit bats are likely to play a significant role in maintaining the biological diversity of Malaysian forests. Since several fruit bat species are strongly associated with old growth forest, the greatest threat to their survival comes from habitat destruction and agricultural expansion. The Krau Wildlife Reserve, and other protected areas in Malaysia, are therefore of critical importance for the long-term conservation of these species.
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Ghanem, Simon [Verfasser]. "Geophagy of tropical fruit eating bats : mineral licks as a link between ecology and conservation / Simon Ghanem." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1029954860/34.

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Ghanem, Simon Joseph [Verfasser]. "Geophagy of tropical fruit eating bats : mineral licks as a link between ecology and conservation / Simon Ghanem." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:188-fudissthesis000000039359-2.

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Reed, Zachary. "A Historical Perspective and Review of the Evidence to Support Fruit Bats as the Natural Reservoir for Ebola Viruses." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/241.

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The Ebola viruses cause sporadic outbreaks of Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) where origins have been traced to the continent of Africa and the Philippines. Since the initial discovery of Zaire and Sudan ebolavirus in 1976, the Ebola viruses have been responsible for severe hemorrhagic fever outbreaks in Africa with case fatality rates between 40-90%. The natural reservoir(s) of the Ebola viruses is currently unknown, but there is mounting evidence that fruit bats may play a key role. The goal of the current study is to screen a large variety of bat species from Africa and Asia where Ebola is known to be endemic for the presence of IgG specific antibody to Ebola virus in order to see which bat species may show evidence of past Ebola virus infection. Ebola virus would not be expected to cause lethal disease in its natural reservoir; therefore the presence of IgG antibody would be present. Identifying the species of bats that have been infected will allow researchers to hopefully isolate Ebola virus from bats adding to the evidence that bats are a reservoir species. The knowledge gained may also provide clues to new species of bats yet to be identified as possible natural reservoir(s) as well as expand the known geographical range of known Ebola virus outbreaks. Knowing which species of bats as well as their geographic range may help prevent future Ebola outbreaks by minimizing human-reservoir contact.
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Minnaar, I. A. (Ingrid Ane). "Seasonal metabolic adjustments and partitioning of evaporative water loss in Wahlberg’s epauletted fruit bat,Epomophorus Wahlbergi." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/41369.

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4 Summary Seasonal metabolic adjustments and partitioning of evaporative water loss in Wahlberg’s epauletted fruit bat, Epomophorus wahlbergi Student: Ingrid A. Minnaar Supervisor: Prof. A. E. McKechnie Co-supervisors: Prof. N. C. Bennett, Prof. Christian T. Chimimba Department: Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria Degree: MSc: Zoology The capacity to thermoregulate over a wide range of TaS is critical for maintaining homeostasis in endotherms. Several aspects of the thermoregulatory properties of bats remain poorly studied when compared to other mammals and birds. I examined two specific aspects of thermoregulation in bats: the seasonal variation of maximum metabolic heat production and the partitioning of total evaporative water loss (TEWL) into respiratory and cutaneous components. I measured basal metabolic rate (BMR) and summit metabolism (Msum) in captive and wild Wahlberg’s epauletted fruit bats, Epomophorus wahlbergi, during summer and winter. I measured metabolic rate using flow-through respirometry, and elicited Msum by exposing bats to low temperatures in a helox (21% O2, 79% He) atmosphere. BMR decreased by 22-25% during winter in both captive and wild bats, with the BMR of captive bats 9-13% lower than the wild individuals across seasons. Msum was approximately seasonally stable in both captive and wild bats, but Msum in captive individuals was 13-18% higher than their wild conspecifics during both seasons. The ratio between Msum and BMR (i.e., metabolic expansibility) was greater in winter than during summer for both captive and wild bats. One likely explanation for the greater resting thermogenic capacity of the bats in captive individuals concerns their reduced activity levels; compared to wild, free-ranging bats, heat produced as a by-product of activity probably contributed far less to thermoregulation, apparently leading to an increase in resting heat production capacity in captive individuals. 5 At the other end of the thermal scale, knowledge of heat tolerance and the evaporative cooling mechanisms employed by bats in hot weather remains rudimentary. At high air temperatures (Ta), endotherms avoid overheating by dissipating heat via evaporative water loss. TEWL may be partitioned into cutaneous evaporative water loss (CEWL) and respiratory evaporative water loss (REWL). I quantified CEWL and REWL in E. wahlbergi at Tas of 10-40 °C using a latex mask. When Ta exceeded normothermic Tb, bats drastically increased their TEWL, metabolic rate and Tb. The relative contribution of CEWL to TEWL was the greatest at moderate Tas where it represented up to 80% of TEWL. REWL was the major route of evaporative cooling at the highest Ta: at Ta = 40 ºC, REWL represented 45% of TEWL. To avoid hyperthermia, E. wahlbergi greatly increased metabolic rate at high TaS to avoid hyperthermia, further compounding the need to cool down. REWL is thought to be less efficient as than CEWL in offloading heat at high TaS as panting increases metabolic heat, whereas CEWL occurs passively. There is a need for further studies to be conducted on the thermoregulatory capabilities of bats in varying environmental conditions, both intra- and interspecifically.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
gm2014
Zoology and Entomology
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Books on the topic "Fruit bats"

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Dog-faced bats. Edina, Minn: Abdo & Daughters, 1996.

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Hall, Leslie. Flying foxes: Fruit and blossom bats of Australia. Malabar, Fla: Krieger Pub. Co., 2000.

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Mickleburgh, Simon P. Old World fruit bats: An action plan for their conservation. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN, 1992.

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Lim, Burton K. Phylogenetic analysis of restriction site variation in neotropical short-tailed fruit bats (Carollia). [Toronto]: B. Lim, 1996.

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Fleming, Theodore H. The short-tailed fruit bat: A study in plant-animal interactions. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988.

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Sheeline, Leonora. Cultural significance of Pacific fruit bats (Pteropus spp.) to the Chamorro people of Guam: Conservation implications. [Washington, D.C.]: Traffic USA, 1993.

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Pare, Jean. Company's Coming fruit squared. Edmonton: Company's Coming Pub., 2010.

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Batu, Indonesia) Seminar Nasional Jeruk Tropika Indonesia (2005. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Jeruk Tropika Indonesia: Batu, 28-29 Juli 2005. Pasarminggu, Jakarta: Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hortikultura, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, 2006.

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McGovern, T. P. Persistent attractants for the Mediterranean fruit fly: The method of preparation and method of use. Washington, D.C.?: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture?, 1988.

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Gorodet︠s︡kiĭ, N. Lechebnye svoĭstva bani. Moskva: Knigi "Iskateli︠a︡", 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fruit bats"

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Garg, Kritika M., Balaji Chattopadhyay, D. Paramanatha Swami Doss, A. K. Vinoth Kumar, and Sripathi Kandula. "Bat Societies across Habitat Types: Insights from a Commonly Occurring Fruit Bat Cynopterus sphinx." In Urban Bats, 61–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13173-8_5.

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Field, H. E., John S. Mackenzie, and P. Daszak. "Henipaviruses: Emerging Paramyxoviruses Associated with Fruit Bats." In Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, 133–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-70962-6_7.

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Aziz, Sheema Abdul, Kevin J. Olival, Sara Bumrungsri, Greg C. Richards, and Paul A. Racey. "The Conflict Between Pteropodid Bats and Fruit Growers: Species, Legislation and Mitigation." In Bats in the Anthropocene: Conservation of Bats in a Changing World, 377–426. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25220-9_13.

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Martin, L. "Is the fruit you eat flying-fox friendly? The effects of orchard electrocution grids on Australian flying-foxes (Pteropus spp., Megachiroptera)." In The Biology and Conservation of Australasian Bats, 380–90. P.O. Box 20, Mosman NSW 2088, Australia: Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/fs.2011.039.

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Mickleburgh, S., and J. B. Carroll. "The role of captive breeding in the conservation of Old World fruit bats." In Creative Conservation, 352–64. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0721-1_19.

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Larsen, Peter A., María R. Marchán-Rivadeneira, and Robert J. Baker. "Speciation Dynamics of the Fruit-Eating Bats (Genus Artibeus): With Evidence of Ecological Divergence in Central American Populations." In Bat Evolution, Ecology, and Conservation, 315–39. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7397-8_16.

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Tsoar, Asaf, David Shohami, and Ran Nathan. "A Movement Ecology Approach to Study Seed Dispersal and Plant Invasion: An Overview and Application of Seed Dispersal by Fruit Bats." In Fifty Years of Invasion Ecology, 101–19. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444329988.ch9.

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Oktarina, Sachnaz Desta, Ratnawati Nurkhoiry, Rizki Amalia, and Zulfi Prima Sani Nasution. "Stakeholder Perception and Empirical Evidence: Oil Palm Biomass Utilization as Climate-Smart Smallholder Practice." In Interlocal Adaptations to Climate Change in East and Southeast Asia, 149–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81207-2_16.

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AbstractThe smallholder perception and adaptation of climate-smart practice has been rarely addressed. More precisely, on oil palm smallholder whose plot was frequently accused as driving force of ecosystem service depletion. The study to reveal stakeholder perception and its implementation towards biomass utilization was performed in the case study of North Sumatera Province. The Labuhan Batu, Batu Bara, Langkat, and Serdang Bedagai District was selected as the sample cases where the oil palm concessions were highly overlaid. The first phase of the study was conducted by text mining analysis to decode smallholder, practitioner, and expert’s perception and sentiment against oil palm biomass products within the SMEs scheme. The next phase of implementation was operated by introducing biomass-driven oil palm products such as empty fruit bunch briquette, oil palm fronds pellet, midrib handicraft, oil palm based-livestock feed, empty fruit bunch oyster mushrooms, oil palm juice brown sugar, oil palm-laminated wood, and empty fruit bunch-compost. The feasibility and preferences among those eight alternatives were then assessed by multi-criteria decision-making tools named Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) based on its benefit, opportunity, cost, and risk features. The text mining analysis discovered that initially, the smallholders were perceived to have a lower interest in making use of biomass products as they presumed that it still marginalize farmers. It was also still unclear whether they realize and understand the potential of biomass utilization to ameliorate nature. After the time of implementation, they were enlightened and chose oil palm midrib handicraft over other alternatives as their pluri-activity. Having said that, it is necessary to keep promoting climate-smart adaptation practices at the local level for the sustainability of people, profit, and the planet.
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Scalia, Frank, John J. Rasweiler, Jason Scalia, Rena Orman, and Mark Stewart. "Low-power whole-section series (Bars = 1.0 mm)." In Forebrain Atlas of the Short-tailed Fruit Bat, Carollia perspicillata, 1–61. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7156-1_1.

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Lantican, Gaudencia A. "Field Screening of Gamma-Irradiated Cavendish Bananas." In Efficient Screening Techniques to Identify Mutants with TR4 Resistance in Banana, 97–109. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-64915-2_7.

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AbstractIn our search for Cavendish bananas to withstand Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc TR4) and other diseases, field screening of tissue-cultured Grand Nain banana seedlings derived from gamma-irradiated shoot tips was explored. Six months after irradiation and multiplication in the laboratory, the plantlets (M1V6) were individually grown in seedling bags under screen house conditions for 8 weeks, side-by-side with non-irradiated plantlets of the same clone. Once acclimatized, the banana plants were grown in an area confirmed positive of Foc TR4 (based on previous farm records stating that more than 50% of the plant population succumbed to the disease). Seedlings from each treatment (dose of radiation) were divided into four replicates, regardless of the number of plants. Each plant was given a unique identification code for traceability during disease monitoring, bunch and fruit quality evaluation.Incidences of Foc TR4, Moko disease (Ralstonia solanacearum) and virus diseases were monitored weekly. Plants found positive of any disease were eradicated immediately. The plant population for the succeeding generation was managed by removing the unwanted suckers, 12 weeks from planting using a spade gouge and keeping only one sucker per plant for the next generation. Agronomic characters of each plant were taken at the flowering stage. These included age to flower, height, pseudostem circumference, number of leaves and height of the sucker. The bunch was harvested 12 weeks from flowering. The number of hands in a bunch, the number of fingers and weight of a hand were recorded. The same agronomic characters of the plant were taken for the succeeding generations.Plants left standing in the field without any disease symptoms 3 years after planting were considered as putative mutants and were selected as candidate lines for multiplication and second-generation field screening. Only healthy suckers (free from viruses) were further multiplied via tissue culture technique to reach M1V6. Clean suckers from each line free of soil debris or dirt were sent to the laboratory for multiplication. At least 1000 plantlets were produced from each line for the second-generation field screening. These were grown in two locations – with and without records of Foc TR4. Field monitoring activities including plant population management, disease incidence assessment and fruit quality evaluation were carried out following the same protocols used in the establishment of the first-generation plants. Lines with population showing ≤10% Foc TR4 after the first harvest, with good vigor, fruit quality and productivity were considered as candidates for further multiplication, farmers distribution and field planting under semi-commercial scale.
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Conference papers on the topic "Fruit bats"

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Suripto, Bambang. "Economic Contribution of Fruit Bats (Family Pteropodidae) Through Durian Fruit Production in the Agroecosystem in Java Island." In 7th International Conference on Research, Implementation, and Education of Mathematics and Sciences (ICRIEMS 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210305.002.

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Viswanath, Kamal, Krishnamurthy Nagendra, and Danesh Tafti. "Climbing Flight of a Fruit Bat Deconstructed." In 52nd Aerospace Sciences Meeting. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2014-0220.

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Rahma, Anisa, Desrayni Hanadhita, Andhika Yudha P., Danang D. Cahyadi, Supratikno Supratikno, Hera Maheshwari, Aryani Sismin Satyaningtijas, and Srihadi Agungpriyono. "Haematological study of fruit bat, Cynopterus Tithaecheilus." In 1st International Conference in One Health (ICOH 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icoh-17.2018.32.

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Ashirbayev, Zh S., M. I. Satayev, A. M. Azimov, Zh U. Myrkhalykov, M. A. Berdikulov, N. V. Alekseyeva, O. P. Baiysbay, and Sh Y. Duisebayev. "Increasing the efficiency of raw material preparation processes in fruit processing." In Scientific achievements of the third millennium. SPC "LJournal", 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/scienceconf-06-2021-11.

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The paper describes the current state of dried fruits‘ production in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the value of dried fruits obtained from fruits of South Kazakhstan. The results of the analysis of promising technologies for dried fruits‘ production, in particular the line for fruits preparation for dried fruits‘ production, are presented, a description of the proposed equipment is presented: a washing bath for preliminary soaking and primary, easy washing.
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Mesci, Dogukan, Anil Koluacik, Batuhan Yilmaz, Melih Sen, Engin Masazade, and Vedat Beskardes. "Classification of Egyptian Fruit Bat Calls with Deep Learning Methods." In 2022 30th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/siu55565.2022.9864713.

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Pramono, Didik, Supratikno Supratikno, I. Nengah Donny Artika, Faisal Tanjung, Ni Luh Putu Ika Mayasari, Etih Sudarnika, Abdul Zahid Ilyas, Chaerul Basri, and Srihadi Agungpriyono. "One Health Approach in the Understanding of Possible Diseases Transmission by Fruits Bats." In 1st International Conference in One Health (ICOH 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icoh-17.2018.31.

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Masrukhin, Sugiyono Saputra, Syaiful Rizal, Pangda Sopha Sushadi, and Nanang Supriatna. "Identification and Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Bacteria From Fruit Bat (Chironax melanocephalus)." In 3rd KOBI Congress, International and National Conferences (KOBICINC 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210621.081.

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Fahim-Ul-Haque, Mir, Md Rashidul Islam, Md Shafiullah, and Md Saber Hossen. "Stability Enhancement of Single Machine Infinite Bus System with UPFC using Bat Algorithm." In 2022 31st Conference of Open Innovations Association (FRUCT). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/fruct54823.2022.9770924.

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PRAT, YOSEF, MOR TAUB, and YOSSI YOVEL. "THE ROLE OF VOCAL LEARNING IN THE ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATION OF THE EGYPTIAN FRUIT BAT." In EVOLANG 10. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814603638_0113.

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Pinero, Jaime C. "Synergistic / additive interactions among components of food-based baits underlie female attraction in three invasive fruit fly species." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.112113.

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Reports on the topic "Fruit bats"

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Sarah Richdon, Sarah Richdon. Building family trees in the Critically Endangered Livingstone's fruit bat. Experiment, October 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/8216.

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Poverenov, Elena, Tara McHugh, and Victor Rodov. Waste to Worth: Active antimicrobial and health-beneficial food coating from byproducts of mushroom industry. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7600015.bard.

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Background. In this proposal we suggest developing a common solution for three seemingly unrelated acute problems: (1) improving sustainability of fast-growing mushroom industry producing worldwide millions of tons of underutilized leftovers; (2) alleviating the epidemic of vitamin D deficiency adversely affecting the public health in both countries and in other regions; (3) reducing spoilage of perishable fruit and vegetable products leading to food wastage. Based on our previous experience we propose utilizing appropriately processed mushroom byproducts as a source of two valuable bioactive materials: antimicrobial and wholesome polysaccharide chitosan and health-strengthening nutrient ergocalciferol⁽ᵛⁱᵗᵃᵐⁱⁿ ᴰ2⁾. ᴬᵈᵈⁱᵗⁱᵒⁿᵃˡ ᵇᵉⁿᵉᶠⁱᵗ ᵒᶠ ᵗʰᵉˢᵉ ᵐᵃᵗᵉʳⁱᵃˡˢ ⁱˢ ᵗʰᵉⁱʳ ᵒʳⁱᵍⁱⁿ ᶠʳᵒᵐ ⁿᵒⁿ⁻ᵃⁿⁱᵐᵃˡ ᶠᵒᵒᵈ⁻ᵍʳᵃᵈᵉ source. We proposed using chitosan and vitamin D as ingredients in active edible coatings on two model foods: highly perishable fresh-cut melon and less perishable health bars. Objectives and work program. The general aim of the project is improving storability, safety and health value of foods by developing and applying a novel active edible coating based on utilization of mushroom industry leftovers. The work plan includes the following tasks: (a) optimizing the UV-B treatment of mushroom leftover stalks to enrich them with vitamin D without compromising chitosan quality - Done; (b) developing effective extraction procedures to yield chitosan and vitamin D from the stalks - Done; (c) utilizing LbL approach to prepare fungal chitosan-based edible coatings with optimal properties - Done; (d) enrichment of the coating matrix with fungal vitamin D utilizing molecular encapsulation and nano-encapsulation approaches - Done, it was found that no encapsulation methods are needed to enrich chitosan matrix with vitamin D; (e) testing the performance of the coating for controlling spoilage of fresh cut melons - Done; (f) testing the performance of the coating for nutritional enhancement and quality preservation of heath bars - Done. Achievements. In this study numerous results were achieved. Mushroom waste, leftover stalks, was treated ʷⁱᵗʰ ᵁⱽ⁻ᴮ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ᵃⁿᵈ ᵗʳᵉᵃᵗᵐᵉⁿᵗ ⁱⁿᵈᵘᶜᵉˢ ᵃ ᵛᵉʳʸ ʰⁱᵍʰ ᵃᶜᶜᵘᵐᵘˡᵃᵗⁱᵒⁿ ᵒᶠ ᵛⁱᵗᵃᵐⁱⁿ ᴰ2, ᶠᵃʳ ᵉˣᶜᵉᵉᵈⁱⁿᵍ any other dietary vitamin D source. The straightforward vitamin D extraction procedure and ᵃ ˢⁱᵐᵖˡⁱᶠⁱᵉᵈ ᵃⁿᵃˡʸᵗⁱᶜᵃˡ ᵖʳᵒᵗᵒᶜᵒˡ ᶠᵒʳ ᵗⁱᵐᵉ⁻ᵉᶠᶠⁱᶜⁱᵉⁿᵗ ᵈᵉᵗᵉʳᵐⁱⁿᵃᵗⁱᵒⁿ ᵒᶠ ᵗʰᵉ ᵛⁱᵗᵃᵐⁱⁿ ᴰ2 ᶜᵒⁿᵗᵉⁿᵗ suitable for routine product quality control were developed. Concerning the fungal chitosan extraction, new freeze-thawing protocol was developed, tested on three different mushroom sources and compared to the classic protocol. The new protocol resulted in up to 2-fold increase in the obtained chitosan yield, up to 3-fold increase in its deacetylation degree, high whitening index and good antimicrobial activity. The fungal chitosan films enriched with Vitamin D were prepared and compared to the films based on animal origin chitosan demonstrating similar density, porosity and water vapor permeability. Layer-by-layer chitosan-alginate electrostatic deposition was used to coat fruit bars. The coatings helped to preserve the quality and increase the shelf-life of fruit bars, delaying degradation of ascorbic acid and antioxidant capacity loss as well as reducing bar softening. Microbiological analyses also showed a delay in yeast and fungal growth when compared with single layer coatings of fungal or animal chitosan or alginate. Edible coatings were also applied on fresh-cut melons and provided significant improvement of physiological quality (firmness, weight ˡᵒˢˢ⁾, ᵐⁱᶜʳᵒᵇⁱᵃˡ ˢᵃᶠᵉᵗʸ ⁽ᵇᵃᶜᵗᵉʳⁱᵃ, ᵐᵒˡᵈ, ʸᵉᵃˢᵗ⁾, ⁿᵒʳᵐᵃˡ ʳᵉˢᵖⁱʳᵃᵗⁱᵒⁿ ᵖʳᵒᶜᵉˢˢ ⁽Cᴼ2, ᴼ²⁾ ᵃⁿᵈ ᵈⁱᵈ not cause off-flavor (EtOH). It was also found that the performance of edible coating from fungal stalk leftovers does not concede to the chitosan coatings sourced from animal or good quality mushrooms. Implications. The proposal helped attaining triple benefit: valorization of mushroom industry byproducts; improving public health by fortification of food products with vitamin D from natural non-animal source; and reducing food wastage by using shelf- life-extending antimicrobial edible coatings. New observations with scientific impact were found. The program resulted in 5 research papers. Several effective and straightforward procedures that can be adopted by mushroom growers and food industries were developed. BARD Report - Project 4784
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Abbott, Albert G., Doron Holland, Douglas Bielenberg, and Gregory Reighard. Structural and Functional Genomic Approaches for Marking and Identifying Genes that Control Chilling Requirement in Apricot and Peach Trees. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7591742.bard.

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Structural and functional genomic approaches for marking and identifying genes that control chilling requirement in apricot and peach trees. Specific aims: 1) Identify and characterize the genetic nature of chilling requirement for flowering and dormancy break of vegetative shoots in Prunusgermplasm through the utilization of existing apricot (NeweYa'ar Research Center, ARO) and peach (Clemson University) genetic mapping populations; 2) Use molecular genetic mapping techniques to identify markers flanking genomic regions controlling chilling; 3) Comparatively map the regions controlling chilling requirement in apricot and peach and locate important genomic regions influencing chilling requirement on the Prunus functional genomic database as an initial step for identification of candidate genes; 4) Develop from the functional genomics database a set of markers facilitating the development of cultivars with optimized chilling requirements for improved and sustained fruit production in warm-winter environments. Dormant apricot (prunus armeniaca L.) and peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] trees require sustained exposure to low, near freezing, temperatures before vigorous floral and vegetative bud break is possible after the resumption of warm temperatures in the spring. The duration of chilling required (the chilling requirement, CR) is determined by the climatic adaptation of the particular cultivar, thus limiting its geographic distribution. This limitation is particularly evident when attempting to introduce superior cultivars to regions with very warm winter temperatures, such as Israel and the coastal southern United States. The physiological mechanism of CR is not understood and although breeding programs deliberately manipulate CR in apricot and peach crosses, robust closely associated markers to the trait are currently not available. We used segregating populations of apricot (100 Fl individuals, NeweYa'ar Research Center, ARO) and peach (378 F2 individuals, Clemson University) to discover several discreet genomic loci that regulate CR and blooming date. We used the extensive genomic/genetic resources available for Prunus to successfully combine our apricot and peach genetic data and identify five QTL with strong effects that are conserved between species as well as several QTL that are unique to each species. We have identified markers in the key major QTL regions for testing in breeding programs which we are carrying out currently; we have identified an initial set of candidate genes using the peach physical/transcriptome map and whole peach genome sequences and we are testing these currently to identify key target genes for manipulation in breeding programs. Our collaborative work to date has demonstrated the following: 1) CR in peach and apricot is predominantly controlled by a limited number ofQTL loci, seven detected in a peach F2 derived map comprising 65% of the character and 12 in an apricot Fl map comprising 71.6% and 55.6% of the trait in the Perfection and A. 1740 parental maps, respectively and that peach and apricot appear in our initial maps to share five genomic intervals containing potentially common QTL. 2) Application of common anchor markers of the Prunus/peach, physical/genetic map resources has allowed us not only to identify the shared intervals but also to have immediately available some putative candidate gene information from these intervals, the EVG region on LG1 in peach the TALY 1 region in apricot on LG2 in peach; and several others involved in vernalization pathways (LGI and LG7). 3) Mapped BACcontigs are easily defined from the complete physical map resources in peach through the common SSR markers that anchor our CR maps in the two species, 4) Sequences of BACs in these regions can be easily mined for additional polymorphic markers to use in MAS applications.
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