Relevant bibliographies by topics / Frozen and chilled

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Frozen and chilled'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 July 2024
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Frozen and chilled"

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Muhammad, Andrew, Keithly G. Jones, and William F. Hahn. "The Impact of Domestic and Import Prices on U.S. Lamb Imports: A Production System Approach." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 36, no. 2 (October 2007): 293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500007103.

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As U.S. lamb imports increased relative to domestic production, and the relative share of chilled to frozen lamb imports increased, importers of chilled lamb have become less responsive to domestic and import prices, while the direct opposite is the case for frozen lamb imports. From 1990 to 2003, chilled lamb imports from Australia and New Zealand became less and less responsive to U.S. prices, and frozen imports became more responsive. Unconditional own-price elasticities also show that, over time, imports of chilled lamb became less responsive to import prices while frozen imports became more responsive to import prices.
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Mohamed, Nashwa, Galal Yahya, Rasha Bayoumi, Mohamed Hussein, Simona Cavalu, Hesham Dahshan, Abdullah Alsayeqh, Wageh Darwish, and Elshimaa Nasr. "Detection and health risk assessment of toxic heavy metals in chilled and frozen meat collected from Sharkia province in Egypt." Open Veterinary Journal 13, no. 12 (2023): 1729. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/ovj.2023.v13.i12.21.

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Background: The consumption of meat is a fundamental aspect of global diets, providing essential nutrients and proteins vital for human nutrition. However, ensuring the safety of meat products has become progressively challenging due to potential contamination by toxic heavy metals and pathogenic microorganisms. Aim: This study focuses on assessing the prevalence of Lead (Pb), Mercury (Hg), Arsenic (As), and Cadmium (Cd), in chilled and frozen meat in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. Methods: A total of 30 samples, comprising 15 chilled and 15 frozen beef samples, were collected from various marketing stores in Sharkia. Analysis of toxic metals was conducted via atomic absorption spectrophotometer following wet digestion. Results: The average levels (mg/kg) in chilled meat samples were found to be 0.64 ± 0.14 for Pb, undetectable for Hg, 0.02 ± 0.14 for Cd, and 4.66 ± 0.57 for As. In frozen samples, the average concentrations were 0.89 ± 0.21 for Pb, 0.08 ± 0.03 for Hg, 0.02 ± 0.004 Cd, and 5.32 ± 0.59 for As. Generally, the levels of heavy metals in frozen meat samples were observed to be higher than chilled samples. Importantly, the levels of Pb were higher than maximum residual concentrations (MPL) in 53.3% of the chilled and 66.6% of the frozen, Cd levels in chilled and frozen were within the permissible concentrations in all samples, Hg was not identified in all the chilled and in 67% of frozen samples, and As levels were higher than the permissible levels in all samples chilled and frozen. The assessment of human health risk for adults revealed an estimated daily intake (EDI) value of beef meat below the threshold of the oral reference dose (RFD) for all analyzed metals except for As, where 46.7% of chilled samples and 60% of frozen samples exceeded the RFD. Furthermore, both the Hazard Quotient (THQ) for As and Hazard Index (HI) for all the analyzed metals were above 1 in 33.3% of chilled samples and 46.7% of frozen samples. Conclusion: This indicates the remarkable adverse effects on human health associated with the consumption of meat of elevated levels of heavy metals, emphasizing the need for stringent quality control measures within the food industry.
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Baryczka, Marlena Justyna, Iwona Chwastowska-Siwiecka, and Jacek Kondratowicz. "Evaluation of the quality of chilled and frozen African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822) fillets." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 37, No. 3 (July 3, 2019): 186–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/330/2018-cjfs.

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The quality of chilled and frozen African catfish fillets was compared. The experiment was performed on 20 individuals of Clarias gariepinus aged < 1 year, with estimated body weight of 1 kg. A total of 40 right and left fillets were subjected to pre-treatment. Chilled right fillets (20) and left fillets (20) stored for 8 months in the freezer were subjected to quantitative and qualitative laboratory analyses. Chilled African catfish fillets had a lower of moisture content, higher of total protein, fat and crude ash, and higher energy value than frozen samples. Chilled fillets had also higher water-holding capacity, lower cooking loss and higher tenderness.
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Reis, MM. "Near infrared spectroscopy (Vis-NIRS) applied to differentiation between chilled and frozen/thawed meat." NIR news 28, no. 7 (October 9, 2017): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960336017736246.

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The ability of Vis-NIRS to differentiate between only chilled and frozen and thawed meat from pork, lamb, beef and goat is investigated in this study. Samples were purchased as retail ready package from seven different local supermarkets. Partial least squares discriminant analysis and double cross-validation were used for analysis of the data. The discrimination between the two groups achieved an accuracy of 93%. There is 92% probability that a chilled sample is predicted correctly as chilled and 96% that frozen/thawed is a true frozen/thawed event, which demonstrates reasonable performance, i.e. independent of the species (pork, lamb, beef and goat) and source. It was possible to detect the difference between only chilled and frozen/thawed meat. The regression coefficients suggest that the differences between the two treatments are likely to be associated to changes in structure and chemical composition of samples due to the process of freezing/thawing.
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Kantono, Kevin, Nazimah Hamid, Diksha Chadha, Qianli Ma, Indrawati Oey, and Mustafa M. Farouk. "Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Processing of Chilled and Frozen-Thawed Lamb Meat Cuts: Relationships between Sensory Characteristics and Chemical Composition of Meat." Foods 10, no. 5 (May 20, 2021): 1148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10051148.

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The effect of PEF processing and chilled storage on the volatile composition and sensory properties of chilled and frozen lamb cuts was investigated in this study. Results showed that PEF-treated chilled and frozen lamb cuts varied in temporal flavour attributes with storage. Storage for 7 days resulted in oxidized flavour, while PEF treatments for all chilled and frozen cuts were associated with browned and livery flavour attributes. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was applied to determine the predictive relationships between the volatile composition, fatty acid and amino acid profiles, and sensory responses for PEF treated lamb cuts. The results showed that some volatile compounds (2-nonanone, 2-pentylfuran, pyrrole, methyl pyrazine, 2-ethyl-3-methyl pyrazine, and thiophene) correlated well with the meaty and juicy flavour of PEF treated frozen lamb cuts. In PEF treated chilled lamb cuts, meaty and juicy flavours were associated with the presence of fatty acids (C18:0, SFA, 20:5(n-3), and n-3). In contrast, livery and browned perception of both PEF processed chilled and frozen lamb cuts were associated with the presence of amino acids (threonine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, tyrosine, and methionine), and some volatile compounds (heptanal, 2-ethylfuran, pyridine, dimethyl disulphide, dimethyl trisulphide, and 3,5-diethyl-2-methyl pyrazine). Overall, these results imply that careful consideration of type of meat cuts, PEF pre-treatment, and storage are important when subjecting lamb meat to PEF processing.
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Farouk, M. M., and C. Podmore. "Effect of process variables on the functional properties of seven beef cuts." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 7 (2008): 847. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07394.

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The effects of electrical stimulation, boning (hot or cold), storage (chilled or frozen) and meat cut type on the composition and functional properties of seven New Zealand export cuts (brisket, blade, bolar, inside round, knuckle, outside round and rump) from cull cows were investigated. Cut type, but not processing, affected lean composition (P < 0.001). Chilled cuts had a higher pH and water holding capacity, and a more stable colour relative to frozen cuts. The brisket, blade and rump had a higher water holding capacity compared with the other cuts. Cooked batters from chilled cuts had higher torsion stress, strain and emulsion stability compared with cooked batters from frozen cuts. Chilled bolars and outside rounds produced stronger and more cohesive gels, whereas chilled briskets produced the weakest and least cohesive gels. Cooked batter from electrically stimulated cuts had lower emulsion stability than that from unstimulated cuts. Data from the present study can be used to differentiate or group the seven cuts on the basis of their composition and functional properties in raw or cooked form for the purpose of adding value.
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Roberts, Diane. "Salmonella in chilled and frozen chicken." Lancet 337, no. 8747 (April 1991): 984–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(91)91626-6.

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Salih, Nawfal, and Maysaloon Ibraheem. "Effect of Adding Linseed Oil to The Diet on The Chemical Composition and Some Fatty Acids of Awassi Sheep Meat Chilled and Frozen." Tikrit Journal for Agricultural Sciences 19, no. 4 (January 27, 2023): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjas.19.4.2.

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This study was conducted at the experimental farm, Department of Animal Production , College of Agriculture , University of Tikrit for the period from 7/10/2018 to 15/12/2018. Sixteen Awassi lambs with an average body weight of 27kg and aged about 6—7-months were used in this investigation. The lambs were randomly assigned into four groups. Each group has 4 lambs the lambs were placed in individual cages (1 x 1.5 m².) and the aim of this study to investigation the effect of supplementing linseed oil on chemical composition and some fatty acids of Awassi chilled and frozen sheep meat,the results showed high significant differences in frozen period in moisture content of meat compared with chilled period it was ( 70.90 and 66.82)% respectively , and the chilled period conducted high significant differences than the frozen period in fat content ( 9.39 and 8.15)% respectively. About the effect of linseed oil on fatty acids, frozen period conducted high significant differences in Oleic it was 33.59 % while the frozen period conducted a high significant differences in Linoleic and Arachidonic acids it was ( 4.88 and 1.19)% respectively. The interaction between chilled period and treatments, the first and second treatment conducted high significant differences on Oleic acid also first treatment was high in Linoleic Acid percentage. While for the interaction between frozen period and treatments, the fourth treatment was high in Oleic and Linolenic Acid percentage, the first treatment was high in Linoleic Acid percentage it was (5.22)%.
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Ivanova, Ivelina, Galin Ivanov, Vasil Shikov, and Snezhana Ivanova. "Analytical Method for Differentiation of Chilled and Frozen-Thawed Chicken Meat." Acta Universitatis Cibiniensis. Series E: Food Technology 18, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aucft-2014-0013.

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Abstract : Chilled and frozen chicken breast and thigh meat were stored at +4±1 oC and - 20±1 oC, respectively. Maillard reaction between ribose and meat proteins of the chicken samples was initiated. The changes in the ribose-induced Maillard reaction rate during chilled and frozen storage of chicken meat were evaluated on the bases of corrected absorbance values (A420*) and bovine melanoidin equivalent values (mg BME/g). Application of BME as a measure of ribose-induced Maillard reaction rate enables comparability of the data obtained by different spectrophotometers. It was found that the BME values of chicken meat frozen stored for more than 15 days were significantly (P<0.05) lower than BME values of chilled-stored samples. According to the suggested threshold limit values the chicken thigh and breast meat with BME values lower than 30 mg BME/g and 51 mg BME/g, respectively could be classified as frozen-thawed.
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Baiee, Falah, Abd Wahid Haron, Murtadha A. AL-mudhafr, Innocent Damudu Peter, and Nurhusien Yimer. "Can Panax Ginseng Aqueous Extract Improve Chilled and Cryopreserved Bull Spermatozoa?" Agricultural Science 2, no. 2 (July 14, 2020): p15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/as.v2n2p15.

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This study was to evaluate the influence of Panax ginseng aqueous extract on chilled and frozen-thawed bull sperm quality. Samples of semen were acquired from four bulls through the use of an electro-ejaculator. Extension of the semen was done with tris-egg yolk diluent which was augmented with 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mg/mL Panax ginseng aqueous extract. Diluted chilled portions of the semen were chilled for 6 days at 5 ̊C whereas the frozen semen was cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. Results revealed that in chilled and frozen-thawed semen, the control group, T1 and T2 recorded higher percentages in terms of sperm motility and viability in all three groups evaluated compared to others, while the high dose of Panax ginseng aqueous extract in T6 and T5 recorded the lowest percentage. Moreover, the values of sperm morphology for chilled and frozen-thawed semen were not significant among the groups. The results of chromatin stability of the present study showed that T2 and control were higher than for other groups. In conclusion, the low dosage groups (T1, T2 and T3) which were received (0.25 mg/mL, 0.5 mg/mL and 1 mg/mL, respectively) from Panax ginseng aqueous extract were not significant as compared with the control group while high-dosage groups (T4, T5 and T6) which were received (2.5 mg/mL, 5 mg/mL and 7.5 mg/mL, respectively) from Panax ginseng aqueous extract were highly decreased spermatozoa characteristics.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Frozen and chilled"

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Österberg, Viktor. "Transportation demands : of chilled and frozen groceries." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-72940.

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Today focus on the environemnt is bigger than ever before. UN writes in their climate agenda that they by 2030want to cut the food waste per capita in half. There are strict regulations today regarding how food needs to betransported and stored, but as soon as the consument takes, for example, milk from the frigde at a store there areonly a few guidelines about how the product should be stored. If a chilled or frozen product is not kept insidethe range of the given temperature, a microbilogical growth will begin. This leads to that the food goes bad or,in worst case, that the consumer gets poisoned. There is a change happening today in how the consumers shoptheir food and more focus is layed upon the customer to handle their grocery shopping by themselves. This project focuses on developing a solution that will help the consumer to keep their food at the right temperatureduring an extended period of time. The project is carried out in Stockholm during 20 weeks in collaborationwith IKEA of Sweden in Älmhult. The target group in this project is IKEA’s broad customer group.With help from a Human Centered Design process this project goes through the three phases; inspiration,ideation and implementation. The project has been formed with interaction through workshops with differentexternal actors like users and focus groups. The ideation resulted in four simpler concepts that verged in to twothrough external decision making with supervisors from IKEA of Sweden. During the project, the prototypeshave been used together with users to evaluate the usability of the concepts. The result consists of two concepts; Behålla and Blåsa, that are aimed to meet two different users that hasbeen identified through surveys and interviews. Behålla is a smaller product that is target towards the user thatbrings food with them to work or school, also to those who buys less groceries at the store. Blåsa is, in contrastto Behålla, a bigger product that is targeted towards the customers that buys a bigger set of chilled and frozengroceries. Additionally four color variations has been created to offer IKEA alternative executions. These conceptsare visualized with renderings through Adobe Illustratior. With these concepts IKEA can enlarge theirsustainability profile and offer their customers two new products to keep their chilled and frozen foods cold.
Fokus på miljön är idag större än någonsin. FN skriver i sin klimat agenda att de till 2030 siktar på att halveramatsvinnet per capita. Idag finns det hårda regleringar om hur livsmedel ska transporte-ras och förvaras, menfrån den sekund konsumenten tar ut exempelvis ett mjölkpaket ur kyldisken finns det bara få riktlinjer om hurprodukten bör förvaras. Om en kyld eller fryst produkt inte hålls inom det angivna temperaturspannet skerdet en ökning i den mikrobiologiska tillväxten i livsmed-let. Detta leder i sin tur att matvaran blir dålig eller, ivärsta fall, att konsumenten blir förgiftad. Idag sker det också en förändring i hur konsumenterna handlar sinalivsmedel och allt större vikt läggs på att konsumenten för sig själv ska genomföra sitt köp. Detta projekt fokuserar på att utveckla en lösning som ska hjälpa konsumenten att hålla sina matvaror tempereradeunder en viss tid. Projektet är genomfört i Stockholm under 20 veckor i samarbete med IKEA ofSweden i Älmhult. Målgruppen i detta projekt är den breda kundgrupp som IKEA erhåller. Med hjälp av enanvändarcentrerad designprocess går det här projektet genom de tre designfaserna; inspiration, idégenereringoch slutligen implementering. Projektet har formats av interaktion genom workshops med olika externa aktörerså som användare och fokusgrupper. Idégenereringsfasen resulterade i fyra stycken enklare koncept somavgränsades till två genom extern beslutsfattning med handledare från IKEA of Sweden. Under projektets gånghar prototyper använts tillsammans med användare för att evaluera användarvänligheten hos koncepten. Resultatet består av två stycken koncept; Behålla och Blåsa, som är ämnade att möta två olika kundgrupper somhar identifierats genom enkäter och intervjuer. Behålla är en mindre produkt som riktar sig till de användaresom tar med sig matlåda till jobbet eller skolan samt till dem som köper färre matvaror i butiken. Blåsa är, ikontrast till Behålla en större produkt, skapad med fokus på de kunder som köper fler kylda och frysta matvaror.Utöver detta har fyra färgvariation skapats av produkterna för att erbjuda IKEA alternativa utföranden. Dessakoncept är visualiserade med hjälp av renderingar som har gjort i Adobe Illustrator. Med dessa koncept kanIKEA utöka sin hållbarhets profil och erbjuda sina kunder två nya produkter för att hålla deras kylda och frystamatvaror kalla.
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Negus, Cameron James. "Liquid and frozen storage of Asian elephant spermatozoa." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/25680.

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Modern reproductive management of captive wildlife populations involves the use of assisted reproductive technologies such as artificial insemination (AI) to produce offspring. AI is conducted to maximise genetic diversity in the captive population without the need to transport males between institutions. A prerequisite for this method of artificial breeding is the ability to collect and successfully store semen (in liquid or frozen form) from males to allow for the time necessary to transport semen across state and even international borders. To date there has been relatively little success in the storage of Asian elephant semen, limiting the use and benefits of AI in this species. This project aims to develop diluents, processing, storage and collection methods for the improved survival of Asian elephant spermatozoa and subsequent use in artificial insemination programs. The results of these various studies are summarized and discussed including suggestions for the optimisation of existing, or development of novel, procedures to improve Asian elephant semen preservation techniques. Further suggestions are made for approaches to improve our understanding of the Asian elephant semen biology with the aim of helping the development of assisted breeding techniques to help in the preservation of genetic diversity of Asian elephants.
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Wang, Chih-Chung, and 王志仲. "Effect of Far Infar-Red Package on the Quality of Chilled and Frozen Chicken." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50632992343395024761.

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Chen, Lung-Cheng, and 陳龍成. "Logistics Operational Factors Affecting Chilled or Frozen Food Safety and Their Corresponding Improvement Alternatives." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16921901257418479969.

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碩士
國立高雄第一科技大學
運籌管理研究所
101
Chilled or frozen food safety has been an important issue not only in social safety but also in business management areas. Therefore, many researches about chilled or frozen food safety have been conducted, but primarily in production and sales ends. Similar researches in logistics end are very limited and are restricted primarily in the recording and tracking of temperature factor, only. Based on the philosophy of Total Quality Management and principles of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point, an analytical framework is proposed to identify critcal deteriorative factors and improvement alternatives for chilled or frozen food safety. Data are collected through in-depth interviews. To meet TQM philosophy requirements, interviewees are selected to cover both operating and managerial disciplines, different operating processes, and different management levels. The framework is validated by a case cold-chain with cross-docking logistics model. It is shown that the framework is able to identify key deteriorative factors, critical operating problems, and corresponding improvement alternatives from a supply chain viewpoint. Suggested implementation preferences of these alternatives are derived by relationship matrix. In addition, case study indicates that temperature is the most critical deteriorative factor for chilled or frozen food safety. However, different factors exist in different operating areas. Thus a holistic approach has to be taken to find out all factors and respond with suitable actions to achieve high-level of food safety. With respect to improvement alternatives, establisgment of audit system and employee eduction and training are considered to be the two most helpful alternatives. However, development of logistics auxiliary equipments is innovative and promising both in food safety improvement and in logistics service customization.
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Hsieh, L. D., and 謝立德. "Effects of egg-derived low density lipoprotein extracts on the quality of fresh, chilled, and frozen boar semen." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19211722697143830221.

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碩士
中華大學
資訊工程學系(所)
96
Abstract The potential of cryopreserved boar semen has been limited since its development due to the cold shock effect and the freezing-thawing process that damage sperm membrane. Egg yolk is commonly included in cryopreservative formula to protect sperm from damage. Low density lipoproteins (LDL) in egg yolk are thought to be the key component responsible for the protection. Recent reports demonstrated that supplement of LDL-enriched extracts (LEE) from egg yolk using a simplified method could improve the quality of frozen semen. This study was to reestablish the method to extract LEE and to assess its effect in fresh, chilled, and frozen boar semen Egg yolks were collected and subjected to processes of high-speed centrifugation, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and dialysis to remove the useless constituents such as high density lipoproteins, phosvitin and β-livetin. The recovery rate for LEE is 47.6%. Chemical analysis reveals that LEE contains 82.5% water, 13.9% crude fat, and 3.4% crude protein. Coomassie bule staining of the SDS-PAGE displayed intensified bands corresponding to the LDL apoproteins and diminished or vanished to other proteins. Both the conditions of eggs (freshness and storing temperature) and processing (concentrations of ammonium sulfate, dialysis time, and dialysis volume) affected recover rate and protective capability of LEE. Only the batches of LEE obtained from optimum condition were used in the proceeded experiments. Raw semen sample were collected from Landrace boars and each of the samples was partitioned into 5 parts. Those semen parts were extended with the regular formula plus 0, 4, 6, 8, or 10% of LEE. The diluted semen was stored at 16°C (fresh semen), 4°C (chilled semen) or prepared into frozen semen (-196°C). Sperm motility was microscopically determined at 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 96, and 120 hour for the fresh and chilled extended semen, and right after 1-2 days storing and thawing for the frozen semen samples. Data were arcsin-transformed and underwent statistical analysis using a general linear model to evaluate the effects of LEE and storage time. Result shows that addition of LEE and storage time significantly affected motility (P<0.05). Specifically, addition of 6% LEE significantly (P<0.05) improves motility of both fresh and chilled extended semen after being stored 12 hour longer. In frozen semen, sperm survival showed a secondary does response to LEE supplement (P<0.05), reflecting an upward protection effect by LEE from 0% to 6% and a downward effect thereafter. Synthesize above-mentioned, most right LEE adding amount 6%. It is concluded that that moderate supplement of the LDL-enriched extracts from egg yolk may be beneficial to the fresh, chilled, and frozen boar semen. Key Words: Low-density lipoproteins, Chilled semen, Frozen semen, Boar
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Ndraha, Nodali, and 諾達里. "Distribution Temperature Management Decision in Home Delivery Cold Chain by Using Microbial Risk Assessment and Quality Evaluation: Illustrated by Chilled and Frozen Shrimp." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8v9w6k.

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碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
食品科學系
105
Recently, temperature management in the cold chains has receive attention. Broken cold chain caused serious problem to food safety and quality. In Taiwan, an increasing need for chilled and frozen food home delivery services has been observed because of growing demand for those products by consumers. This study aimed to evaluate temperature requirements in home delivery, by considering food safety risks to chilled foods and quality change to frozen foods. While quantitative microbial risk assessments of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in shrimp was performed to assess the food safety, a kinetic model was employed to describe the quality change in frozen white shrimp. The results showed the mean probability risk of illness due to ingestion of pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus in raw shrimp distributed under chilled temperature was estimated to be 5.40 × 10-6 (Scenario I). Reducing the maximum temperature fluctuation to 15°C and 7 °C during transportation (Scenario II and III) could reduce the probability risk of becoming ill to 5.32 × 10-6 and 4.99 × 10-6 in chilled shrimp, respectively. Moreover, reducing the range of temperature fluctuation during transportation in Scenario IV, V, VI, and VII also reduced the probability risk of illness. Through simulation, a lower probability risk of illness was yielded in Scenario VII with temperature range of 7 ± 4°C. In frozen shrimp, abusive temperature during transportation induced the percentage loss of remaining shelf life higher than 90% (Scenario I). Reducing maximum temperature fluctuation as mentioned in Scenario II and III were found has a little impact on predicted remaining shelf life. Among the Scenario IV, V, VI, and VII, a better preservation on frozen shrimp quality was obtained in Scenario VII by reducing the range of temperature fluctuation to -18 ± 4°C. Therefore, reducing the maximum temperature in Scenario III and narrowing the temperature range in Scenario VII are recommended as an integral part of temperature management control in home delivery cold chain, given fact that these scenarios could lower the probability risk of illness in chilled shrimp and preserve the remaining shelf life of frozen shrimp. Furthermore, a sufficient equipment to produce a required temperature, temperature control during distribution, personnel training, and simple measurement in post-harvest level are suggested for both chilled and frozen transportation chain to ensure the safety and increase the shelf life of shrimp. These findings could help food authorities determine temperature management policies to prevent broken cold chains and reduce food safety risks.
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WANG, RUI-LIN, and 王瑞麟. "A study of satisfactory level for supermarkets in Taiwan to marketing strategies of chilly (frozen) pork supplier." Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/08293313959894868555.

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Howkins, Adrian John 1978. "Frozen empires : a history of the Antarctic sovereignty dispute between Britain, Argentina, and Chile, 1939-1959." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/3860.

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This dissertation investigates the causes, development, and the partial resolution of the Antarctic sovereignty dispute that took place between Britain, Argentina, and Chile between 1939 and 1959. It has two interconnected arguments. The first argument is that the dispute had its roots in a clash between British imperialism and South American nationalism, and, as a consequence, ought to be seen as part of the wider history of European decolonization in the years during and after the Second World War. The second argument is that the history of the sovereignty dispute offers an excellent opportunity for "doing environmental history" due to the relative simplicity of human-nature-culture interactions in Antarctica. By putting these two arguments together, it becomes possible to write an "environmental history of decolonization." Within the context of the sovereignty dispute, this dissertation asks the question: what happened to British imperial claims to "dominion over nature" during the decolonization of the British Empire in the mid-twentieth century? Over the course of the sovereignty dispute, Argentina and Chile sought to challenge Britain's claims to "environmental authority" in Antarctica with their own "environmental nationalism." Rather than conceding to the South American challenge, Britain initially responded by redoubling its efforts to maintain Antarctic sovereignty. However, as the three countries learned more about the reality of the Antarctic environment, their political perceptions of the region changed. The British, in particular, became less attached to exclusive sovereignty and successfully negotiated a limited international regime that would retain their political influence without the need for formal control. The Antarctic Treaty of 1959 brought a partial end to the sovereignty dispute by "freezing" all sovereignty claims for its duration.
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Books on the topic "Frozen and chilled"

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Neil, Murray, ed. Frozen and chilled foods year book. Redhill, Surrey: FMJ International Publications, 1991.

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Neil, Murray, ed. Frozen and chilled foods year book. Redhill, Surrey: FMJ International Publications, 1992.

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Neil, Murray, ed. Frozen and chilled foods year book. Redhill: FMJ International, 1993.

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Neil, Murray, ed. Frozen and chilled foods year book. Redhill, Surrey: FMJ International Publications, 1990.

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R, Gormley T., Zeuthen P, and Commission of the European Communities., eds. Chilled foods: The ongoing debate. London: Elsevier Applied Science, 1990.

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1950-, Stringer Michael, and Dennis C, eds. Chilled foods: A comprehensive guide. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2000.

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Dennis, C., and Michael Stringer. Chilled foods: A comprehensive guide. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2000.

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Great Britain. Dept. of Health and Social Security. Guidelines on pre-cooked chilled foods. London: H.M.S.O., 1987.

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(Firm), Packaged Facts, ed. The international market for chilled foods. New York: Packaged Facts, 1996.

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Brown, Martyn. Chilled foods: A comprehensive guide. 3rd ed. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Frozen and chilled"

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Gonçalves, Alex Augusto. "Packaging for Chilled and Frozen Seafood." In Handbook of Meat, Poultry and Seafood Quality, 510–45. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118352434.ch32.

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García Lorenzo, Antonio, and Joaquín Romero Rivero. "SEAFRESH Project: Design and Development of an Intelligent System for Decision Support in the Chilled and Frozen Fish Sector." In Lecture Notes in Management and Industrial Engineering, 85–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44530-0_11.

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James, S. J., and C. James. "Chilled and frozen storage." In Meat Refrigeration, 207–29. Elsevier, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/9781855736535.2.207.

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"Chilled and frozen storage." In Meat Refrigeration. CRC Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439823156.ch10.

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James, S. J., and C. James. "Chilled and frozen retail display." In Meat Refrigeration, 231–50. Elsevier, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/9781855736535.2.231.

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"Chilled and frozen retail display." In Meat Refrigeration. CRC Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439823156.ch11.

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Bekhit, Alaa El-Din A., and Shahin Roohinejad. "Cook-Chilled and Cook-Frozen Foods." In Reference Module in Food Science. Elsevier, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-100596-5.03348-5.

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"1. Chilled and Frozen Raw Fish." In Microbiology Handbook, edited by Rhea Fernandes, 1–25. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781847559814-00001.

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"2. Chilled and Frozen Prepared Fish Products." In Microbiology Handbook, edited by Rhea Fernandes, 27–51. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781847559814-00027.

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"Chilled, Frozen, Precooked, or Prepared Foods, and Nut Meats." In Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC INTERNATIONAL, edited by Wallace H. Andrews and Thomas S. Hammack. 22nd ed. Oxford University PressNew York, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/9780197610145.003.112.

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Conference papers on the topic "Frozen and chilled"

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Selvadurai, A. P. S., and J. Hu. "Mechanics of Buried Chilled Gas Pipelines." In 1996 1st International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc1996-1948.

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This paper examines the factors influencing the modelling of soil-pipeline interaction for a pipeline which is used to transport chilled gas. The soil-pipeline interaction is induced by the generation of discontinuous frost heave at a boundary between soils with differing frost susceptibility. The three-dimensional modelling takes into consideration the time-dependent evolution of frost heave due to moisture migration, the creep and elastic behaviour of the frozen soil and flexural behaviour of the embedded pipeline. The results of the computational model are compared with experimental results obtained from the frost heave induced soil-pipeline interaction test performed at the full scale test facilities in Caen, France.
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Ju Zhao and M. I. M. Wahab. "Chilled or frozen? Decision strategies for sustainable food supply chains: A note." In 2015 12th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management (ICSSSM). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsssm.2015.7170244.

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Турдалиева, Махзунахон, Жамшид Обидов, and Абдукаххор Топволдиев. "CREATION OF SCIENTIFIC - METHODOLOGICAL BASES OF DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGICAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS FROM TURKEY." In Status and development trends of standardization and technical regulation in the world. Tashkent state technical university, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51346/tstu-conf.22.1-77-0015.

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This paper outlines the requirements for the quality of turkey meat, taking into account safety indicators for their certification. A technological instruction has been developed for the production of semi-finished products from chopped chilled, frostbitten and frozen turkey
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Abramova, Liubov Sergeevna, Andrey Valerievich Kozin, and Marina Vladimirovna Sytova. "OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT OF FISH QUALITY IN THE STORAGE PROCESS USING NMR SPECTROSCOPY." In International conference New technologies in medicine, biology, pharmacology and ecology (NT +M&Ec ' 2020). Institute of information technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47501/978-5-6044060-0-7.25.

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The article discusses the problem of an objective assessment of the quality of chilled and frozen fish during storage. The NMR method is recommended for a comprehensive analysis of changes in the metabolic profile of cod and Pacific chum salmon during refrigerated storage.
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Na, SeonHong, Mahyar Malekzade Kebria, and Kshama Roy. "A Coupled Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Model for Capturing Frost Heave Under Chilled Gas Pipelines." In 2020 13th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2020-9597.

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Abstract This paper presents a thermo-hydro-mechanics theory and corresponding computational framework to capture the freezethaw action of frozen porous media and associated frost action under chilled gas pipelines. Based on the mixture theory, frost-susceptible soils are formulated to capture the Darcy flux and thermal actions below the pipelines. Constitutive models that combine the cryo-suction are presented to reproduce the changes in volume, strength, and thermal characteristics of solid grain, pore water, and ice crystal. A generalized hardening rule is adopted to replicate the elasto-plastic responses which strengthens the frozen porous media due to ice crystallization. Changes in permeability and thermal diffusivity are also incorporated by considering the phase transitions of pore water and ice crystal. Numerical examples for pipeline applications are designed to analyze the influence of the freezing and melting process around the pipelines.
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Boonmee, C., C. Kasemset, P. Pichayapan, P. Thovichit, and B. Panichakarn. "A Conceptual Design of Infrastructures and Facilities in Distribution Center for Frozen and Chilled Fishery Products." In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem44572.2019.8978779.

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Liu, Bill, Jack Crooks, J. F. (Derick) Nixon, and Joe Zhou. "Experimental Studies of Pipeline Uplift Resistance in Frozen Ground." In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0133.

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A buried pipeline is subject to a variety of internal and external loads, one of which is the load induced by relative movements between the pipeline and the surrounding soils. Frost heave is one of the potential mechanisms that induce the relative movement for buried pipelines of chilled gas. The magnitude of the loads due to frost heave depends upon the amount of heaving and the load-displacement characteristics of the surrounding frozen soils, i.e., the uplift resistance of the frozen soils. Under the sponsorship of Pipeline Research Council International (PRCI), laboratory uplift tests have been carried out to study the load-displacement characteristics of a frozen soil and to assess the impact of loading rate, ice content and freezing direction. In addition to the measurements of the load and displacement of the pipe, deformations of the soil surface were also monitored at various locations. Parallel to the uplift tests, a series of laboratory geo-mechanical tests were conducted to define stiffness, tensile strain limits and time-dependent behavior of the frozen soil. Examples of the uplift test results are presented in the paper, together with detailed descriptions of soil material and test conditions. It is noted that quantitative data on uplift resistance are considered proprietary and will not be presented in this paper; however, detailed data may be obtained from technical publications of PRCI. Observations during the test with respect to the development of cracks in the frozen soil will be discussed. The load-displacement relationships measured in the uplift tests, together with the geo-mechanical properties of the frozen soil, will be used to the development and calibration of a numerical model, which will be presented in a separate technical paper to IPC2004.
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Liu, Bill, Karen Moffitt, J. F. (Derick) Nixon, Joe Zhou, and Yuxing Xiao. "Numerical Studies of Pipeline Uplift Resistance in Frozen Ground." In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0137.

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A buried pipeline is subject to a variety of internal and external loads, one of which is the load induced by relative movement between the pipeline and the surrounding soils. Frost heave is one of the potential mechanisms that induce the relative movement for buried pipelines of chilled gas. The magnitude of the loads due to frost heave depends upon the amount of heaving and the load-displacement characteristics of the surrounding frozen soils, i.e., the uplift resistance of the soils. Under the sponsorship of Pipeline Research Council International (PRCI), laboratory uplift tests have been carried out to study the load-displacement characteristics of a frozen soil. In parallel, a series of laboratory geo-mechanical tests were conducted to define stiffness, tensile strain limits and time-dependent features of the frozen soil. A numerical model, using the geo-mechanical properties of the frozen soil as input parameters, has been developed. The numerical model is intended to be used as a tool primarily for sensitivity analyses and scaling of the results of the laboratory uplift tests to field operations, which are anticipated to have pipe diameters in a range of 5 to 10 times of the laboratory tests. A description of the numerical model is provided in the paper. The load-displacement relationships and failure mechanisms represented in the numerical model are compared with the measurements and observations made during the laboratory uplift tests (quantitative data on uplift resistance are considered proprietary and will not be presented, but detailed data may be obtained from technical publications of PRCI). After being calibrated, the numerical model can be used for sensitivity analyses, and also potentially used as a design tool for pipelines in discontinuous permafrost.
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Morgan, Vincent, Jack Clark, Bipul Hawlader, and Joe Zhou. "Prediction of Long-Term Frost Heave of Chilled Gas Pipelines by Centrifuge Modeling." In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0139.

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The use of chilled gas transmission for northern pipelines has been considered an effective solution to reduce potential problems relating to permafrost preservation, as well as to provide other benefits such as increased throughput. However, the potential for frost heave as the pipe crosses areas of unfrozen ground may have implications on induced strains and therefore pipeline integrity. C-CORE, under the sponsorship of Pipeline Research Council International (PRCI), has been investigating the effects of frost heave for different soil types and varying pipe geometry and temperature. Previous studies of the effects of frost heave of chilled gas pipelines involved the construction of full-scale test sites, operated over a number of years and small scale laboratory tests. Recent advances in centrifuge testing techniques have allowed small-scale models to be constructed and tested under increased gravitational acceleration to replicate full-scale conditions. The major advantages are the reduced scale and time effects used in the modeling of the frost heave. This allows a number of sequential tests to be performed to study a range of soil types, pipe temperatures, groundwater and climatic conditions in a relatively short time period and at significantly reduced cost. Centrifuge modelling also incorporates other forms of soil deformations with development of ice lenses which includes the consolidation of unfrozen soil and deformation of both frozen and unfrozen soil. The tests performed to date have focused on the determination of frost heave behaviour for a number of soil types covering the range of frost susceptibility. This paper discusses the interpretation of the test results, and provides a comparison with common methods of analysis for prediction of frost heave. A design methodology is also proposed, which makes use of centrifuge test and analytical methods.
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Akagawa, Satoshi, Scott L. Huang, Syunji Kanie, and Masami Fukuda. "Countermeasures for Bending and Abrupt Uplift of A Full-scale Test Chilled Gas Pipeline Observed at Boundary between Frozen Ground and Talik." In OTC Arctic Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/24575-ms.

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Reports on the topic "Frozen and chilled"

1

Morgan. L51992 Centrifuge Modeling of Frost Heave of Chilled Buried Pipelines. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), March 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010951.

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This project considers some of the geotechnical and geothermal engineering issues that will need to be considered for the design and construction of large diameter gas transmission pipelines from the arctic production areas to southern markets. The challenges relate to determination of the frost heave and thaw settlement behaviour of a pipeline as it crosses from areas of continuous permafrost, through discontinuous zones to completely unfrozen ground conditions. The use of chilled gas will overcome some problems in already frozen ground but will cause frost heave where a frost bulb is formed through unfrozen ground. A series of centrifuge tests to model a 1.22m (48�) diameter pipeline, 25m (82) long has been performed to investigate the effects of frost heave on chilled buried gas pipelines. The use of centrifuge tests allows reduced scale models to be tested under similar geotechnical stress conditions and in significantly shorter duration than at full-scale. In addition, the use of engineered artificial soil allows a range of site conditions to be investigated.
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