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Strand, Nicolle K. "Racial Myths and Regulatory Responsibility." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 49, no. 2 (2021): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jme.2021.33.
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AbstractCalls to abolish race as a proxy for biology or genetics in clinical care have reached a fever pitch in the latter half of 2020, including articles in the New England Journal of Medicine, and urgent letters from prominent Senators.
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Baggish, Aaron L. "Athlete safety is a shared responsibility: insights from the RACE Paris Registry." European Heart Journal 37, no. 32 (January 18, 2016): 2542–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehv740.
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Hofferth, Sandra L. "Race/Ethnic Differences in Father Involvement in Two-Parent Families." Journal of Family Issues 24, no. 2 (March 2003): 185–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x02250087.
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This article examines the contribution of economic circumstances, neighborhood context, and cultural factors to explaining race/ethnic differences in fathering in two-parent families. Data come from the 1997 Child Development Supplement to the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, a nationally representative sample of children younger than age 13. Black children’s fathers exhibit less warmth but monitor their children more, Hispanic fathers monitor their children less, and both minority groups exhibit more responsibility for child rearing than White fathers. Economic circumstances contribute to differences in paternal engagement and control, and neighborhood factors contribute to differences in warmth and responsibility. Cultural factors, such as intergenerational fathering and gender-role attitudes, contribute to explaining differences from Whites in control and responsibility on the part of both Blacks and Hispanics.
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Cole, Sarah. "H. G. Wells and the Wartime Imagination." Modernist Cultures 12, no. 1 (March 2017): 16–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/mod.2017.0154.
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No figure is more powerful as a symbol of mass warfare in the twentieth century than the civilian, whose vulnerability on a world scale challenges the moral life of our societies. The story of the civilian has recently become the focus of scholarship on the First World War. This paper discusses some of the wartime writings of H. G. Wells – arguably the most influential and widely-read civilian writer during and immediately after the war, who has been completely overlooked by literary critics and war scholars – to argue that in several wartime works with huge readerships, Wells took up the position of civilian in new and activist terms, first, as a matter of imagination, and second, as a matter of responsibility. Wells's textual efforts intersect in intriguing ways with more familiar war writings, but also depart quite radically from them, as he boldly assigns the role of world pacifist to those at home – out of combat, but sharing with soldiers a sense of rage and frustration, and a belief that such violence must not become the world's norm.
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Knight, W. Andy. "The Development of the Responsibility to Protect – From Evolving Norm to Practice." Global Responsibility to Protect 3, no. 1 (2011): 3–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187598411x549468.
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AbstractWhy does the genocidal mentality persist? Is there hope that humankind can curb or end the shocking mass atrocities that have plagued our globe over the last century and during the beginning of this century? These questions are addressed in this essay through an examination of the evolution of the normative narrative that resulted in the eventual emergence of the concept of 'responsibility to protect' (R2P or RtoP). The evolution of this narrative includes the genocide convention, the promulgation and promotion of universal human rights, the recognition that war crimes and other crimes against humanity are the gravest of all crimes and ought to be punished, the utilisation of humanitarian intervention as a means of curbing egregious mass atrocities, the imposition of punitive and smart sanctions to stem genocidal practices, the codification of international criminal law, enforcement measures through Chapter VII of the UN Charter, the introduction of ad hoc criminal tribunals and the establishment of a permanent international criminal court through the Rome Statute to punish individuals who commitment core crimes, the advocacy of norm entrepreneurs, and the conceptual work of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS) that eventually led to the embrace of the R2P norm by the international community. rough that evolving narrative the level of consciousness of people and their state leaders has been raised in regards to the need to see and treat all people on our planet – regardless of race, ethnicity, religion, or social standing – with human dignity, and to focus on 'putting people first' when it comes to security. It is argued in this essay that R2P builds upon the foundation of this narrative a new normative architecture designed to address the most egregious of crimes (core crimes) committed against innocent people. Despite efforts to derail its implementation, the R2P norm may eventually turn words into deeds, and promise into practice if it is allowed to become more robust.
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Halíčková, Kateřina, Marcela Basovníková, and Eva Abramuszkinová Pavlíková. "The implementation of the occupational health and safety management at work and its influence on the economic performance of the company." Acta Universitatis Bohemiae Meridionalis 19, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/acta-2016-0010.
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Abstract The issue of social responsibility is one of the most discussed contemporary topics. It is closely related to the financial management of the company. The social area is one of the three main topics integrated in the concept of corporate social responsibility. In addition to the social interactions of the company and its surroundings, there is also included a wide range of internal relations. The largest group within the rage of internal relations consists of employees. Employees’ satisfaction, loyalty, fluctuation, sick leave of employees, as well as accident rate has a direct impact on labour productivity. This has a direct impact on the economic performance of the company. In the Czech Republic, the highest number of accidents and the highest number of fatalities are in the construction industry. The summary of duties related to the occupational health and safety of workers at workplace, given the acronym OHS, is based on legislative regulations. OHS is regulated primarily by the Labour Code and Law. 309/2006 Sb. The standard for occupational health and safety management systems is currently OHSAS 18001. When a company is certified, it is demonstrating an occupational health and safety management at high level and its continuous improvement. This article deals with the measurement of economic performance of enterprises in connection with the implementation of OHSAS certificate 18001. Economic performance is represented by return on equity and based on data obtained from financial statements. Performance measurement is used on 50 enterprises operating in the construction sector in the Czech Republic. The impact of the implementation of the OHSAS certificate on economic performance is quantified mainly by comparison methods and correlation analysis.
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Carroll, Andrew, and Andrew Forrester. "Depressive Rage and Criminal Responsibility." Psychiatry, Psychology and Law 12, no. 1 (June 2005): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/pplt.2005.12.1.36.
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Razack, Sherene. "From Consent to Responsibility, from Pity to Respect: Subtexts in Cases of Sexual Violence Involving Girls and Women with Developmental Disabilities." Law & Social Inquiry 19, no. 04 (1994): 891–922. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.1994.tb00943.x.
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How might feminist law reform serve all women? The author explores this question within the context of sexual violence involving girls and women with developmental disabilities. She presents the difference impasse as a theoretical tool for understanding how women are positioned in law differently and unequally in relation to each other. She explores how, within the consent framework of a rape trail, competing social narratives or subtexts about race, class, gender, and disability circulate in the courtroom. She also explores the issue of pity in rape traiIs and argues that focusing on interlocking systems of domination and on our complicity in maintaining categories of women in law and law reform is a useful approach for feminist law reformers.
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Maqsood Hayat, Shehzad Khan, and Muhammad Faizan Malik. "Cross Cultural Variations in Corporate Social Responsibility." Research Journal of Social Sciences and Economics Review (RJSSER) 2, no. 1 (March 27, 2021): 466–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.36902/rjsser-vol2-iss1-2021(466-480).
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The aim of this study is to examine the fundamental factors that affect the understanding level of corporate social responsibility (CSR) across South Asian countries. CSR was measured by seven dimensions defined by ISO26000 and number of other indicators (e.g., education, religion, region) were employed to figure out cross-cultural impact. This research unveiled the basic but general trends about the concept of CSR. Majority of the respondents prioritized accountability, transparency and respect for stakeholder interests. Overall trends regarding every CSR dimension are leaded by master students and followed by doctoral students. On average scale, the followers of all the 3 leading religions (Buddhism, Hinduism and slam) in the region have similar inclination towards CSR concept; however, Christianity shows incomparable results. Bhutan is the only country where most educated people (PhD students) has given less importance to CSR actions as compare to other students’ groups. Overall, this study explores no perceptible discrepancies in the trends and pattern of CSR within South Asian region. This research presents the ground level understandings from the potential workforce (students) about the widespread concept of CSR. These results affirm the claims that educational institutes and course contents taught in South Asian region are still lagging behind in the race of literacy. Academia should not only upgrade their teaching method but also the course content in order to build the capacity of their potential workforce to resolve any problem in future. The results of this study are also important for international agencies, government and non-governmental organizations and other relevant institutions to understand the basic ‘know how’ of customized CSR approach across the countries.
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Ciobanu, Luminiţa. "5. The Evaluation Between Partial and Impartial Attitude." Review of Artistic Education 19, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rae-2020-0005.
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AbstractDocimology is based on knowledge from the field of psychology and pedagogy. There are several functions of the didactic evaluation, related to their social and personal relevance. The interpretive evaluation involves a degree of subjectivism which, however, can be diminished by experience, patience and permanent self-control. The proposed evaluation methods will be applied simultaneously, with the objectification of the relevance of each one and with maximum sense of responsibility on the part of the evaluator.
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Simmons, Michaela Christy. "Becoming Wards of the State: Race, Crime, and Childhood in the Struggle for Foster Care Integration, 1920s to 1960s." American Sociological Review 85, no. 2 (March 27, 2020): 199–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003122420911062.
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Using archival materials from the Domestic Relations Court of New York City, this article traces the conflict between private institutions and the state over responsibility for neglected African American children in the early twentieth century. After a long history of exclusion by private child welfare, the court assumed public responsibility for the protection of children of all races. Yet, in an arrangement of delegated governance, judges found themselves unable to place non-white children because of the enduring exclusionary policies of private agencies. When the situation became critical, the City sought to wrest control from private agencies by developing a supplemental public foster care system. This compromise over responsibility racialized the developing public foster care system of New York City, and it transformed frameworks of child protection as a social problem. The findings highlight the political salience surrounding issues of racial access in the delegated welfare state. Tracing how the conflict over access unfolded in New York City child protection provides an empirical case for understanding how the delegation of social welfare to private agencies can actually weaken racial integration efforts, generate distinct modes of social welfare inclusion, and racialize perceptions of social problems.
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Paşca, Eugenia Maria. "6. Variables and Constants in the Curriculum for the Music Specialisations of the Romanian University Education." Review of Artistic Education 12, no. 2 (March 1, 2016): 253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rae-2016-0030.
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Abstract The Romanian academic system must adapt to the changing demands imposed by the European educational standards, according to the conventions of Bologna and Lisbon. The compatibilisation of university paths in creating the curricula must consider the competences which are to be acquired. The responsibility belongs equally to the institutions providing academic programs, but also to the Romanian Agency for Quality Assurance in Higher Education. We intend to analyse comparatively both the constant and variable elements of the academic programs for the Music field. The efficiency of these programs is particularly reflected from the point of view of insertion in the labour market, so the direct beneficiaries are the graduate students.
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Browning, Andrew S. "The impact of complex and unwanted feelings evoked in foster carers by traumatised children in long-term placements." Adoption & Fostering 44, no. 2 (July 2020): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308575920920388.
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When looked after children who have been exposed to substantial trauma enter foster care, the manner in which they present can be extremely challenging for the carers and can persist for a substantial period of time. In response, foster carers may attempt to create a nurturing environment for the children. However, the way the children behave can evoke powerful and unwelcome feelings in carers, such as rage and hatred towards those they look after. The manner in which the children present and the frightening feelings this may trigger can overwhelm the foster carers’ capacity to sustain a nurturing stance in relation to the children and jeopardise the placement. In this article, two case studies chart such a dynamic and show that if carers are able to reflect upon the painful and unwanted feelings evoked in them, and acknowledge and take responsibility for what has become enacted in the placement, there may be an opportunity for this harmful dynamic to be processed and repaired. Moreover, there may be a change in the nature of the relationship between carers and children, creating a renewed hope for the life of the placement. The child, too, may benefit from an experience where the frightening, hated aspects of him- or herself are finally felt to be understood and are less overwhelming, enabling them to tolerate these perceptions and contain their enactment in the placement, so increasing their trust and belief in the nurture offered.
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Deane, Tameshnie. "A commentary on the positive discrimination policy of India." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 12, no. 1 (June 26, 2017): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2009/v12i1a2719.
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Affirmative action and discriminatory measures are complex and controversial issues. The goal of affirmative action is to speed up the creation of a representative and equitable workforce and to assist those who were historically disadvantaged by unfair discrimination to fulfil their maximum potential. The term invokes emotions that range from fear and rage to satisfaction. Affirmative action has encouraged an ongoing debate regarding the legal, moral and economic questions arising from the preferential treatment of certain groups of people in society. Underlying this debate are various concerns about the notion of reverse discrimination or the unfair disadvantage to individuals who bear no responsibility for past or present discrimination practised by others. This article states the current position with regard to the caste system and the reservation of jobs in the Republic of India in the context of affirmative action and the achievement of equality in the workplace. Its purpose is to highlight the extreme division of opinion about what is socially acceptable, namely, caste. Further, it provides the reader with an understanding of the need for affirmative action in the first place in India, and thereby creates a powerful tool for understanding discrimination and the need for affirmative action measures. Another goal is to provide useful guidelines and information to all persons involved in implementing affirmative action programmes. It serves to show that if affirmative action measures and/or discriminatory measures are not properly thought out then affirmative action becomes burdensome and even more discriminatory, rather than being a means of achieving equality and redressing past wrongs.
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Condurache, Dumitriana, and Anca Mihaela Ciofu. "Part II. Drama / Choreography2. Medea. A Mother – Creation Laboratory." Review of Artistic Education 13, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rae-2017-0013.
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Abstract One of the challenges which an arts‟ professor faces in the XXIth century is “the need to refresh”. Therefore, it is essential to find out efficient teaching-learning methods which imply the creative involvement of the students, in order to get an organic learning as a result, but also in order to provoke a superior degree of responsibility towards the process itself and, last but not least, towards their future profession. That‟s why we chose to work with a group of students based on the theatre-laboratory system, they getting involved in every step, from the choice of the text to the improvisation, until the making of the final show.
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MAZZO, Celina Magali Fonseca, and Josiane Maria Tiago de ALMEIDA. "O Significado de Ser Pai na Atualidade – Um Estudo Fenomenológico." PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDIES - Revista da Abordagem Gestáltica 26, no. 1 (2020): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18065/rag.2020v26n1.3.
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Changes in family relations and in the world socioeconomic panorama have led to a review of the roles of men and women in the exercise of their children's education. Aiming to know the reflexes of these changes, this research had as main objective to understand, from the point of view of the gestaltic approach, the meaning of being a father for man today. Six fathers between 30 and 40 years old, with children between the ages of 2 and 11, participated in the study. The data were collected through a semi-structured interview and for its analysis was used the Giorgi phenomenological method. Four main categories were found: responsibility, closeness and coexistence, expressing affection and being a better father. It was noted that the father of the present is in the process of transformation, in a movement of closer approach of the children, seeking a more affective and meaningful relationship.
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Narawi, Mohammad Syawal, Nor Hasimah Ismail, and Lee Jun Choi. "SARAWAK MALAY PANTUN AS THE PLATFORM OF RESPONSIBILITY VALUE APPLICATION." International Journal of Humanities, Philosophy and Language 3, no. 11 (September 15, 2020): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/ijhpl.311003.
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The pantun in the culture of bermukun and bergendang the Sarawak Malay society is one of the heritages that has been filling in entertainment activities sometime around the 1960s. Usually, this activity is held to enliven feasts like wedding ceremonies and circumcision ceremonies held in the Malay society village. The pantun presented in this bermukun and bergendang activity serves as a medium to entertain, conveying the wishes of the tukang gendang and penandak to delivering specific messages to listeners or spectators. The rapidly changing movement of globalization between the causes of bermukun and bergendang activities of the lesser-known and practiced new generation of Sarawak Malay society. This phenomenon allows this activity to buried and disappear from the knowledge of a new generation. Recognizing the importance of bermukun and bergendang activity, a study was conducted on the activities of bermukun and bergendang for the Sarawak Malay society. This study is aimed to identifying the culture of bermukun and bergendang in Sarawak Malay society to sustainable as the platforms of responsibility value application. This study uses interviews, observations, and documentation review. The findings of this study show that the culture of bermukun and bergendang of the Sarawak Malay society not only as casual entertainment but also to apply the value of responsibility in their daily lives. Responsibilities concerning not only against his own interests but encompassing the responsibilities of helping others, the responsibility of safeguarding the dignity of their religion, race, and country. A study on cultural heritage society Sarawak Malay is expected to document some of this cultural heritage does not fade in time.
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Dalessandro, Cristen, Laurie James-Hawkins, and Christie Sennott. "Strategic Silence: College Men and Hegemonic Masculinity in Contraceptive Decision Making." Gender & Society 33, no. 5 (May 29, 2019): 772–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0891243219850061.
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Condom use among college men in the United States is notoriously erratic, yet we know little about these men’s approaches to other contraceptives. In this paper, accounts from 44 men attending a university in the western United States reveal men’s reliance on culturally situated ideas about gender, social class, race, and age in assessing the risk of pregnancy and STI acquisition in sexual encounters with women. Men reason that race- and class-privileged college women are STI-free, responsible for contraception, and will pursue abortion services if necessary. Since men expect women will take responsibility, they often stay silent about condoms and other contraceptives in sexual encounters—a process we term “strategic silence.” Men’s strategic silence helps uphold local constructions of hegemonic masculinity that prioritize men’s sexual desires and protects these constructions by subtly shifting contraceptive and sexual health responsibility onto women. Our analysis demonstrates the importance of men’s expectations of women for upholding constructions of hegemonic masculinity, which legitimate gender inequality in intimacy and are related to men’s underestimation of the risks associated with condom-free sex.
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Casey, B. J., Kim Taylor-Thompson, Estée Rubien-Thomas, Maria Robbins, and Arielle Baskin-Sommers. "Healthy Development as a Human Right: Insights from Developmental Neuroscience for Youth Justice." Annual Review of Law and Social Science 16, no. 1 (October 13, 2020): 203–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-101317-031101.
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Healthy development is a fundamental right of the individual, regardless of race, ethnicity, or social class. Youth require special protections of their rights, in part owing to vulnerabilities related to psychological and brain immaturity. These rights include not only protection against harm but opportunities for building the cognitive, emotional, and social skills necessary for becoming a contributing member of society. They apply to all youth, including those within the adult criminal justice system, which raises the legal question of when adult capacity and responsibility begin and special protections are no longer warranted. This article highlights ( a) empirical findings from developmental science on when psychological and neurobiological development reaches maturity; ( b) the extent to which this scientific knowledge guides current policies and practices in the treatment of youth in the United States; and ( c) emerging policies in the treatment of young people in the justice system based on developmental science.
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Barqueiro, Carla, Kate Seaman, and Katherine Teresa Towey. "Regional Organizations and Responsibility to Protect: Normative Reframing or Normative Change?" Politics and Governance 4, no. 3 (August 11, 2016): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/pag.v4i3.642.
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The adoption of the principle of the Responsibility to Protect (RtoP) by all United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) member states in 2005, and its reaffirmation in dozens of United Nations Security Council (UNSC) resolutions, indicate that there is a growing consensus around the world that egregious human rights violations necessitate a cooperative and decisive international response. But just as the political debates raged surrounding the precise articulation of RtoP between 2001 and 2005, so too goes the contemporary debate surrounding the implementation of RtoP. Regional divergences in RtoP implementation, in particular, have been noted by many scholars, as regional organizations implement those elements of RtoP that best suit their policy goals. This paper will apply recent scholarship on norm-lifecycles, specifically on “norm localization” to the operationalization of RtoP by regional organizations. We seek to explore regional divergences on RtoP implementation between the European Union (EU), League of Arab States (LAS), and the African Union (AU) on Libya and Syria. From this assessment, three main arguments will be put forward: (1) regional organizations remain politicized, reframing RtoP in divergent ways that dilute the strength of the norm, (2) politicization of the RtoP discourse constrains regional norm localization processes, (3) politicization and reframing of RtoP inhibit regional normative change and limit the potential for timely and decisive responses to protect civilians.
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Zhao, Huiyu, and Robert Percival. "Comparative Environmental Federalism: Subsidiarity and Central Regulation in the United States and China." Transnational Environmental Law 6, no. 3 (August 2, 2017): 531–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2047102517000206.
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AbstractThe proper division of responsibility for environmental protection between national and state governments has long been the subject of fierce debate. During the 1970s the United States Congress decided to shift the most important environmental responsibilities from state governments to the federal government. The main reason for this decision was to prevent a ‘race to the bottom’ in that states competing for industries could otherwise be lax in implementing and enforcing federal environmental standards. Yet, some scholars have argued that there could just as easily be a ‘race to the top’ among states as they compete to attract people and businesses concerned with environmental protection. China, in turn, is plagued with severe air and water pollution and soil contamination, which is attributed largely to ineffective enforcement of its national environmental laws. This article investigates whether China’s experience confirms the race-to-the-bottom theory. It demonstrates that devolution of responsibility for environmental protection to lower levels of government tends to result in lax implementation and enforcement of national environmental laws, particularly where national governments also create strong incentives for economic growth. It concludes that China’s highly devolved system of environmental governance is consistent with this theory, even if it does not provide conclusive evidence of its correctness.
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Tak, Minhyeok. "Too big to jail: Match-fixing, institutional failure and the shifting of responsibility." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 53, no. 7 (January 9, 2017): 788–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690216682950.
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Drawing upon new institutionalist lines of thought, this article examines how the institutional design of contemporary sports betting precipitates match-fixing and frames it as individual ethical failure. Given the inherent trade-off between pursuing: (1) managerial efficiency to insulate players from outside influence and (2) ethical legitimacy to render the business of sports betting socially desirable, this study analyses how the conflicting imperatives are reconciled in two contrasting institutional designs for sports betting: (a) South Korean football betting; and (b) motorboat race betting. Employing a qualitative multi-method approach, the analysis reveals that the football-betting regime sacrifices managerial efficiency for social legitimacy, thus engendering match-fixing; however, such an institutional failure is compensated by shifting the responsibility for match-fixing to individual players. Consequently, it is suggested that who is to blame for failure is not something functionally determined; rather, it is determined politically and justified by institutional power that renders individual ethical failure a much greater crime, only because the institution is too big to fail.
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Middlebrook, Jeb Aram. "Organizing a Rainbow Coalition of Revolutionary Solidarity." Journal of African American Studies 23, no. 4 (November 15, 2019): 405–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12111-019-09454-6.
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AbstractThis article considers the possibilities and limitations of multiracial alliances and antiracist organizing in and beyond the USA by analyzing the Rainbow Coalition of Revolutionary Solidarity in Chicago from 1969 to 1972. The article argues this coalition—involving the Black Panther Party, Young Lords, and Young Patriots, among other diverse organizations—demonstrated a powerful model of organizing across race for revolutionary social change, which structured self-determination in communities-of-color alongside white communities’ responsibility for ending white supremacy.
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Odoemelam, Ndubuisi, Grace Nyereugwu Ofoegbu, and Chioma Ojukwu. "Moderating Role of Negative Earnings on Firm Size and Corporate Social Responsibility Relationship: Evidence from Listed Firms on Nigeria Stock Exchange." Indonesian Journal of Sustainability Accounting and Management 4, no. 1 (June 10, 2020): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.28992/ijsam.v4i1.221.
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The fight against coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has called for corporate social responsibility (CSR). Thus, Nigerian businesses, such as in the petroleum and financial industries, have provided hospital donations and $30 million assistance among others to mitigate COVID-19. We investigated the moderating role of negative earnings in firm size–CSR relationship. We used content and logistic panel regression analyses on a sample of 100 firms listed on Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE). First, we confirmed a positive firm size–CSR relationship (stakeholders’ expectation hypothesis). Second, we found that earnings loss negatively affects stakeholders’ expectation hypothesis. The study suggests that big firms are likely to negatively respond to the clarion call for donations for COVID-19 due to negative earnings. However, our robustness test revealed that old firms positively respond to CSR activities despite earnings loss. Our study results contribute important insights into the current debate concerning the effect of earnings loss on CSR activities. Corporate managers are encouraged to participate in social activities by contributing their resources for human race sustainability and community development, hence enabling stakeholders to highly value their work, money, support, and societal acceptance.
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Kannan, K., S. K. Pillai, J. S. Gill, K. O. Hui, and V. Swami. "Religious beliefs, coping skills and responsibility to family as factors protecting against deliberate self-harm." South African Journal of Psychiatry 16, no. 4 (December 1, 2010): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v16i4.240.
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<p><strong>Background.</strong> Deliberate self-harm (DSH) ranges from behaviours aiming to communicate distress or relieve tension, but where suicide is not intended, to actual suicide. Not all individuals are prone to DSH, which suggests that there are factors that protect against it. Identifying these could play an important role in the management and prevention of DSH.</p><p><strong>Objectives.</strong> This study examined whether religious beliefs, coping skills and responsibility to family serve as factors protecting against DSH in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Method.</strong> A cross-sectional comparative study assessed DSH patients consecutively admitted or directly referred to Queen Elizabeth General Hospital and Hospital Mesra Bukit Padang during the period December 2006 - April 2007. DSH patients (N=42) were matched with controls (N=42) for gender, age, religion, race, occupation and marital status. The DSH and control groups were compared using psychosocial tests that assess coping skills, religious beliefs and responsibility to family.</p><p><strong>Results.</strong> There were significant differences in religious beliefs (p=0.01) and responsibility to family (p=0.03) between the DSH patients and the control group. There were also significant differences in coping skills, DSH patients tending to use emotion-orientated coping (p=0.01) as opposed to task- and avoidance-orientated coping.<strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion.</strong> Consistent with international studies, coping skills (i.e. task-orientated skills), religious beliefs and responsibility to family were more evident in patients who did not attempt DSH than in those who did. These findings imply that treating DSH should not start only at the point of contact. Protective factors such as religious beliefs, responsibility to family and coping strategies can be inculcated from a very young age. However, caution is required in generalising the results owing to limitations of the study. Further extensive research on religious and psychotherapeutic interventions and prospective studies on protective factors will be helpful.</p>
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Henderson, Janelle W., and Tasha Tropp Laman. "“This Ain’t Gonna Work For Me”: The Role of the Afrocentric Praxis of Eldering in Creating More Equitable Research Partnerships." Urban Education 55, no. 6 (December 24, 2019): 892–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042085919892044.
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In this article, we unpack our interracial research relationship over the course of 2 years and how the Afrocentric pedagogy of eldering evolved as we grew our relationship into one of mutual mentorship, from professor and student to co-researchers, co-teachers, and friends. This shifting of roles contributed to our sense of communal responsibility as our dialogue about race and our racial identities evolved from surface-level conversations to open conversations that explored our biases, assumptions, identities, and then moved that work to conversations and curriculum with children.
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Williams, Courtney, Amy J. Davidoff, Michael T. Halpern, Michelle Mollica, Kathleen M. Castro, and Janet De Moor. "Medication nonadherence and patient cost responsibility for rural and urban cancer survivors." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 28_suppl (October 1, 2021): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.39.28_suppl.4.
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4 Background: Little is known about the specific out-of-pocket costs which may lead to prescription nonadherence in older cancer survivors, and how patterns may differ for those living in rural areas. This study quantified patient costs overall and by residence for older cancer survivors who did and did not report cost-related prescription nonadherence. Methods: This retrospective cohort study used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, Medicare claims, and the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems survey linked data resource (SEER-CAHPS) from 2007-2015. Older cancer survivors self-reported cost-related prescription nonadherence in the prior six months. Patient cost responsibility (deductibles, coinsurance, copayments) was summed for all medical care received in the year prior to survey. Differences in patient cost responsibility by cost-related adherence was estimated using gamma generalized linear models adjusted for patient age, race, sex, education, dual Medicaid enrollment status, residence, comorbidity count, cancer type, stage, and phase of care. Models stratified by urban/rural residence as designated by Rural-Urban continuum codes assessed effect modification. Results: Of 11,829 older adult survivors of prostate (37%), breast (32%), colorectal (14%), gynecologic (10%), or lung (6%) cancer, 12% reported any cost-related prescription nonadherence in the prior year. Median age of survivors was 76 (interquartile range [IQR] 71-82), 15% had less than a high school degree, 59% had at least one non-cancer comorbidity, and 16% had ever been dual eligible. Prevalence of cost-related nonadherence was similar by patient characteristics. Median cost responsibility in the year prior to survey was $1,529 (IQR $744-$2,959) for patients reporting nonadherence and $1,123 (IQR $572-$2,362) for those reporting adherence. In adjusted models, patients reporting nonadherence had $656 higher patient cost responsibility in the year prior (95% CI $564-$760) compared to those reporting adherence. Approximately half of the difference in cost was outpatient spending (β = $277, 95% CI $210-$359). Differences in cost responsibility for patients reporting nonadherence compared to adherence were smaller for patients residing in rural areas (18% of respondents; β = $341, 95% CI $177-$564) compared to those residing in urban areas (82% of respondents; β = $715, 95% CI $613-$830). Conclusions: Compared to those reporting adherence, cost-related prescription nonadherence was associated with higher health care cost responsibility in cancer survivors. Furthermore, prescription adherence decisions may be more cost-sensitive for patients living in rural compared to urban areas. Interventions to address out-of-pocket health care costs, particularly for rural cancer survivors, could aid in increased prescription adherence and subsequent health outcomes.
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Jeikner, Alex. "What a True Princess Wears: Dress, Class, and Social Responsibility in Frances Hodgson Burnett's A Little Princess." International Research in Children's Literature 12, no. 2 (December 2019): 208–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ircl.2019.0311.
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This article argues that while Frances Hodgson Burnett's A Little Princess appears to be a conventional ‘from riches to rags to riches’ story, idealising the British class system, a reading of sartorial images exposes a conflicted engagement with British class that is usually overlooked. References to attire not only illustrate social class in this story, they also hint at underlying moral decay within this system that arises out of an unreflective acceptance of social values and structures. Through reference to Anthony Giddens's theory of identity, this article discusses how the protagonist's changing attire mirrors her developing insights into the need to reflectively construct a morally responsible identity.
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Kerrison, Erin M., Jennifer Cobbina, and Kimberly Bender. "“Your Pants Won’t Save You”." Race and Justice 8, no. 1 (October 23, 2017): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2153368717734291.
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The politics of “Black Respectability” foreground Black citizens’ individual and collective responsibility to prioritize self-policing, polish, and propriety. Proponents believe that the steady performance of restraint and decorum is critical and that any departure from that repertoire can result in punishment. The belief that racially minoritized youth must earn respect and autonomy, rather than see those rights protected as a standard afforded to all community members, may not be widely held by younger Black people. The following study makes use of interview data collected from 23 Black Baltimore City millennials who shared their perspectives on the social and political contexts that led to Freddie Gray’s death while in Baltimore Police custody. When discussing police officers’ pursuit of citizens who match Freddie Gray’s outward appearance, younger respondents resisted the demands of Black Respectability Politics and, instead, asserted their right to pass through their neighborhoods absent state-sanctioned harassment. This study features an exploration of how generational membership moderates legal socialization, attitudes about personal responsibility for police profiling, and beliefs about the right to the same full spectrum of freedoms and protections enjoyed by majority citizens. Implications for critical race theory, legal cynicism, and intergenerational coalition building are also discussed.
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Abrahams, Yvette. "How Must I Explain to the Dolphins?" Environmental Ethics 40, no. 4 (2018): 389–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/enviroethics201840436.
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The story of change and growth, i.e., evolution, in the traditional manner, involves an epistemology of indigenous knowledge systems that admits both evolution and the divine—and therefore the human capacity for free choice—that tells us that fossil fuels are a bad choice. Steven Biko’s message of “Black Consciousness” responds to the dilemma of how we belong to the species that is damaging the planetary ecosystem, amd yet how we can deny complicity by saying that reclaiming our culture enables us to see what we have done, so we can refuse complicity with the system that has divided us and take responsibility for giving birth to new life. The uncertainties of climate change can be thought through using race, class, gender, sexual orientation, indigeneity, and disability as categories of analysis. The result is an understanding that through both climate science and lived experience, we can know enough to know we ought to act on climate change. We do not need more research; we need instead an acceptance of our ignorance amid a sense of ethical responsibility. This story speaks of liberation from oppression and of climate action as deeply entangled in
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Pratiwi, Amelia Ika. "AKUNTANSI KARAPAN SAPI PADA MASYARAKAT MADURA DENGAN PENDEKATAN ETNOGRAFI." Jurnal Ilmiah Bisnis dan Ekonomi Asia 10, no. 1 (September 25, 2018): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.32812/jibeka.v10i1.80.
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This study aims to interpret and describe the meaning of art and culture in society Madura Bull Race that we often encounter in the agenda of the annual event in Madura. Bull Race is the original culture of the land Madura cow racing is a race in which a pair of cows that pulls the train of wood (a jockey up and control the cow pairs) to be driven in the race racing against other pairs of cows). As part of a community certainly has become an umbrella association for the community Bull Race requires knowledge and accounting statements for subsequent agendas. This research uses an ethnographic approach. Data obtained from informants who were the original inhabitants of the land of Madura, through in-depth interviews, documentation and direct observation.
Based on this research note that purport accounting practices obtained from informants indicate that the Madurese community, especially the members of the community Bull Race Bull Race follow the race as a form of love and preservation of cultural values, especially Madura. Economic compensation obtained merely as a means to preserve and ensure the survival of the community of Bull Race. Results reconstruction of accounting concepts Karapan cow Madurese community shows that Bull Race as a form of community responsibility to preserve the culture and form of pride for the community, especially Madura Bull Race.
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Sugden, Jack Thomas, Yoko Kanemasu, and Daryl Adair. "Indo-Fijian women and sportive activity: A critical race feminism approach." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 55, no. 6 (June 13, 2019): 767–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690219854645.
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There are no reliable statistics about female participation in Fijian sport, yet it is well known by locals (though not widely understood) that engagement in sportive activities is rare among Indo-Fijian girls and women. This paper is the first attempt to explore how and why that is so. That said, there is an important caveat: we are not insisting that sportive activities are an inherent good. Indeed, for some cultural groups, Western-invented competitive sport may be of no interest; similarly, tangential forms of human movement, such as recreational pursuits like cycling or gym sessions, may be just as uninspiring. In that sense, the main thrust of our inquiry is the sportive experiences of Indo-Fijian female athletes, yet we have also sought feedback from those charged with the responsibility of managing sportive programmes. These combined perspectives are intended to provide a preliminary entree into the much larger – hitherto unexplored – question of what attitudes, opportunities and constraints are associated with sportive activities for Indo-Fijian girls and women. The paper adopts a critical race feminism framework: the goal was to accentuate females of colour (in this case Indo-Fijian women) by hearing their voices and, with their permission, reporting what they had to say. The paper nonetheless provides an adaptation to critical race feminism theory: it also engaged with individuals – whether women or men – charged with the responsibility of managing sportive activities. In that sense, we were interested in individual agency and experience on the part of athletic Indo-Fijian women, but also wanted to understand how (or if) local sport administrators understood ethnic diversity among female athletes, including – in our case – the involvement (or otherwise) of Indo-Fijian females.
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French, Jan Hoffman. "Rethinking Police Violence in Brazil: Unmasking the Public Secret of Race." Latin American Politics and Society 55, no. 04 (2013): 161–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-2456.2013.00212.x.
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Abstract In Brazilian cities, perhaps the most disturbing criminal activity is the violence perpetrated by police officers themselves. This article is an invitation and a provocation to reconsider social scientific thinking about police violence in Brazil. Illustrated by a court decision from a Northeastern city, in which a black man won a case against the state for being falsely arrested and abused by a black police officer on the grounds of racism, this article investigates three paradoxes: Brazilians fear both crime and the police; black police beat black civilians; and government officials disavow responsibility by stigmatizing the police on racial grounds. It then proposes an alternative reading of these paradoxes that opens the possibility for rethinking police reform and argues that democratization in Brazil is deeply intertwined with the future of its darkest-skinned citizens.
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Coetzee, Mariette. "The perceived treatment of employees from designated groups in the workplace." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 18, no. 1 (March 4, 2015): 58–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v18i1.798.
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This article reports on employees’ perceptions of the treatment of employees from designated groups in the workplace. The objective of the study was to identify the components of workplace treatment that indicate the perceived treatment of employees from designated groups. The study further investigated the influence of demographic factors on these perceptions. A quantitative approach was followed, and a questionnaire was developed to collect data pertaining to employees’ biographical details and their perceptions of the treatment of employees from designated groups in the workplace. The population consisted of 29 688 employees at a leading South African bank and a sample of 1720 was used. A disproportionate, stratified sampling method was adopted and a sample of 349 employees participated. Factor analysis, correlations, T-tests and analysis of variance statistics were computed to achieve the objectives. The factor analysis identified four factors relating to the treatment of employees from designated groups: task autonomy, respect, responsibility and realistic expectations. The results of the T-tests revealed that race, years of service and staff category do influence employees’ perceptions of the treatment of workers from designated groups in terms of task autonomy and respect. Black respondents, unlike white respondents, believe that employees from designated groups are not treated with respect, nor are they accorded task autonomy. This study represents a vital step towards a better understanding of the dimensionality of perceptions of fair and just treatment and should ultimately contribute to more effective treatment of all employees in the workplace.
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Nanín, José, Tokes Osubu, Ja'Nina Walker, Borris Powell, Donald Powell, and Jeffrey Parsons. "“HIV Is Still Real”: Perceptions of HIV Testing and HIV Prevention Among Black Men Who Have Sex With Men in New York City." American Journal of Men's Health 3, no. 2 (March 25, 2008): 150–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988308315154.
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Rising HIV infection rates have been recently occurring among Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) in the United States. As a result, promoting HIV testing among members of this population is now considered a priority among local and federal health officials. A study was conducted to explore concerns about HIV testing among BMSM in New York City. In early 2006, data were gathered from focus groups with 29 BMSM. Discussions revealed factors affecting HIV testing, including stigma, sexuality, religion, race, and class, emphasizing responsibility, testing concerns, and media influences, among others. Recommendations were submitted to New York City health officials to inform HIV testing and prevention efforts.
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Blom Hansen, Thomas. "Civics, civility and race in post-apartheid South Africa." Anthropological Theory 18, no. 2-3 (June 2018): 296–325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1463499618773663.
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This article explores how, and why, the capacity for civic responsibility and civility of conduct became a central discursive and practical battleground in the colonial world. Nowhere was this more pronounced than in colonial and apartheid South Africa, where the putative benefits of self-government along separate racial lines became a crucial component of apartheid. Starting from a brief conceptual history of civility and colonialism, I argue that the principle of self-government was a central pivot of apartheid. I explore how the celebrated Civics movement that eventually brought apartheid down fostered civic ties and “ethno-civility” in a formerly Indian township in Durban from the 1970s to the 1990s. This legacy of ethno-civility has, however, turned out to be a major obstacle to the forging of relationships across racial boundaries in post-apartheid society. Deploying two ethnographic vignettes from this township, I argue that the ideals of global religious community today have taken the place as a promise of universality of mediation between groups and racial communities that the Civics movement used to occupy during the apartheid era. Yet, religious identities are unable to overcome deeper formations of racial and social difference.
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Trudeau, Daniel, and Meghan Cope. "Labor and Housing Markets as Public Spaces: ‘Personal Responsibility’ and the Contradictions of Welfare-Reform Policies." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 35, no. 5 (May 2003): 779–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a35133.
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Recent US welfare-form initiatives affecting employment and housing assistance have promoted more flexible applications of assistance as well as devolving the responsibility of care for the poor from federal levels to the individual. Implicit in these policy changes is the assumption that individuals enter labor and housing markets where open access is the norm and a ‘level playing field’ exists. In this paper, we use the analogy of seeing labor and housing markets as public spaces to analyze how the ideals of democratic capitalism in labor and housing markets exist normatively, but are always violated in practice. We argue that the influence of neoliberalism, and the devolution of welfare responsibility to the individual in particular, have led to policy changes that neglect issues of unequal access connected to hierarchies of race and gender and their spatial manifestations. Welfare reform in the specific areas of employment and housing assistance has promoted the primacy of private markets as essential components to ensuring social welfare. These reforms have super-ficially opened more options to recipients of public assistance while simultaneously allowing to continue the instruments, institutions, and structural forces that constrain practical access to the full range of jobs and housing. We argue that efforts to maintain these markets have not been distributed to measures ensuring fair play of participants. As a consequence, some problematic contradictions between policy and practice call into question the suitability of the private market as a strategy of providing welfare for the poor.
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Hanssmann, Christoph. "Epidemiological rage: Population, biography, and state responsibility in trans- health activism." Social Science & Medicine 247 (February 2020): 112808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.112808.
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Reddy, Karunanidhi. "The evolving role of business in contributing to social justice in South Africa in terms of legislative measures." Corporate Ownership and Control 13, no. 2 (2016): 465–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv13i2c2p8.
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Apartheid in South Africa has burdened the nation with high levels of poverty, illiteracy and other forms of social and economic inequality. The resultant challenges included discrimination on grounds of race and gender, which prevented much of the population from fair opportunities for business ownership and management, and securing senior jobs, as well as obtaining access to goods and services. Many businesses were closed to Black people and separate and inferior facilities were provided for them. Further, workplace discrimination was supported by the law. This article uses a descriptive approach to reveal, particularly in terms of the legislative measures introduced, the social responsibility of business in a transforming society, more especially the transformation of the historically disadvantaged communities.
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Fugo, Justin I. "Contemporary "Structures" of Racism." Sartre Studies International 25, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 57–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ssi.2019.250205.
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This paper develops an account of racism as rooted in social structural processes. Using Sartre, I attempt to give a general analysis of what I refer to as the “structures” of our social world, namely the practico-inert, serial collectives, and social groups. I then apply this analysis to expose and elucidate “racist structures,” specifically those that are oftentimes assumed to be ‘race neutral’. By highlighting structures of racial oppression and domination, I aim to justify: 1) the imperative of creating conditions free from oppression and domination, over the adherence to ‘ideal’ principles which perpetuate racial injustice; 2) the shared responsibility we have collectively to resist and transform social structural processes that continue to produce racial injustice.
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Fortunato, Ivan, Juanjo Mena, and Antu Sorainen. "Teacher education for gender, sexuality, diversity and globalization policies." Policy Futures in Education 16, no. 5 (April 25, 2018): 515–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1478210318770515.
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This is the opening paper of a special issue that focuses on certain cultural tendencies that have emerged as topical issues in the school curricula, in both flourishing and struggling against their social frames, namely: gender, sexuality and diversity. At the same time, new approaches to teacher education have ranged from varieties of feminism to critical race theories, postcolonial studies and queer theories. So, the first reaction from our collection of papers points out that teacher educators are the ones who share the responsibility to know, use and endorse these pedagogies of learning as reference frameworks for practice. Therefore, we offer this collection for the wider international audience interested or invested in the field, for a further reflection on the topical issues and provocative questions of our very challenging times in education and educating.
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Knigge, L. "Intersections between public and private: community gardens, community service and geographies of care in the US City of Buffalo, NY." Geographica Helvetica 64, no. 1 (March 31, 2009): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-64-45-2009.
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Abstract. This paper discusses issues of public space, citizenship, gender, and race in the light of public relocation of responsibility for social services and care to private communities due to the elimination, privatization or devolvement of such services by state restructuring and welfare reform. The presented case studies are taken from a larger study of community gardens in Buffalo, NY. This mixed methods study found connections between community organizations' commitment to community gardening and their involvement in the provision of social, youth, and emergency services, including after school programs, tutoring, refugee services, and winter coat drives. The paper concludes that the everyday lives of Buffalo’s residents within the social, political and economic conditions cannot be separated from the effects of larger structural processes, such as deindustrialization, privatization, and state restructuring.
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Chen, Zhirui, and Zhen Cong. "Barriers to Disaster Preparation When Older Adults Are Taking Care of Older Adults." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 437–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1414.
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Abstract This study examined the association between age and barriers for disaster preparation in the U.S., including the moderating effect of caring for an elderly person. Using a sample of 1147 individuals from the 2017 FEMA National Household Survey, we tested age as the key predictor, which had four groups: 18-44 (young age), 45-64 (middle age), 65-74 (young-old), and 75+ (old-old). Binomial logistic regression was conducted to investigate how age and the responsibility to take care of an older adult affected the likelihood of having preparation barriers, controlling for respondents’ gender, education, race, home ownership, disability, and responsibility to take care of an older adult. The results showed that compared with other age groups, young-old were significantly less likely to have barriers for disaster preparation. In addition, taking care of an older adult increased the likelihood of having preparation barriers. Interestingly, relative to the young-old, caring for an older adult presented additional challenges for other age groups to have barriers for preparation. Our findings directed attention to age patterns in barriers for disaster preparation and heterogeneity among older adults, and also highlighted that caring for older adults could exacerbate barriers for disaster preparation. The life course perspective informed the discussion of results, which emphasized on life-span development and linked lives.
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Brueggemann, John. "Racial Considerations and Social Policy in the 1930s." Social Science History 26, no. 1 (2002): 139–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200012311.
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Social policy that emerged from the New Deal era continues to shape race relations and politics today. Since the 1930s, scholars have debated the net effect of the New Deal on racial inequality. On the one hand, the social policies of the 1930s are viewed as a great step toward a racially inclusive society (Myrdal 1944; Wolters 1975; Sitkoff 1978, 1985; Ezell 1975; Patterson 1986; Weiss 1983). In contrast to previous eras and political regimes,Roosevelt's New Deal reflected a qualitatively different sense of government's responsibility toward its citizens, including African Americans. Alternatively, New Deal era social policy is considered a crucial component in the structure of American racial stratification (Lewis 1982; Rose 1993; Quadagno 1994; Valocchi 1994; Brown 1999).The legislative record of the New Deal was consistently racialized and discriminatory.Welfare policy, in particular, actively excluded and subjugated blacks. These contrasting portrayals reflect the ambiguity of the New Deal legacy of race relations.
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Valentin, Jessica, and Liz Grauerholz. "Exploring Classroom Climate in Sociology Courses Using Syllabi." Teaching Sociology 47, no. 3 (May 9, 2019): 219–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0092055x19850252.
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The classroom climate shapes students’ learning and instructors’ teaching experience in profound ways. This study analyzes classroom climate statements in syllabi from various sociology courses to understand the extent that sociology instructors highlight climate issues and how climate is conceptualized in their syllabi. Drawing from data from two different times periods (pre-2005 and post-2010), the current study examines the frequency of classroom climate statements, the factors that may contribute to the presence of a statement, and themes within these statements. Results show a significant increase in climate statements between the two time periods (17 percent vs. 58 percent) and that statements appear more often in courses that focus on race, class, gender, and sexualities and those taught by women. Classroom climate is typically framed as a matter of respect, creating a safe space, scholarly engagement with the materials and ideas, and responsibility.
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Du, Juan. "A Journey of Self-Actualization of Amir in The Kite Runner." English Language and Literature Studies 7, no. 3 (August 29, 2017): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ells.v7n3p90.
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The Kite Runner is Khaled Hosseini’s debut novel, which not only shows a person’s spiritual growth, but also the history of the soul of a nation, and of a country’s suffering. It is about a journey of salvation and return of humanity. This journey can be viewed as going beyond religious, social and economic acceptance; it is a journey of self discovery while accepting the past. Through the analysis of the experiences of Amir from innocence to maturity, from betrayal to salvation, this paper attempts to reveal that on Amir’s way to redemption for what he did to Hassan, he has obtained the power of pursuit of love, loyalty, responsibility, dignity and courage. His cowardice and selfishness as well as suffering from conscience and condemnation and torture transform gradually into strong qualities. Therefore, this journey cannot merely be seen as self actualization of the protagonist himself but also the return of humanity of the whole human race.
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Foster, Jason. "From “Canadians First” to “Workers Unite”: Evolving Union Narratives of Migrant Workers." Articles 69, no. 2 (May 13, 2014): 241–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1025028ar.
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Summary Federal government policy changes in the early 2000s led to the rapid expansion of Canada’s Temporary Foreign Worker (TFW) Program by increasing the number of eligible occupations. Before the expansion few trade unions in Canada had interaction with TFWs, but with the new rules, and the high profile political debate that ensued, unions were forced to confront the issue of migrant workers directly for the first time. Using narrative analysis, the paper examines media statements from union officials between 2006 to 2012 to track the narratives constructed by unions regarding TFWs. It finds three temporally sequential narrative arcs: 1-prioritizing of Canadian workers’ interests and portrayal of TFWs as employer pawns; 2-TFWs as vulnerable workers needing union advocacy for their employment and human rights; and 3-post-economic crisis conflicted efforts to integrate Canadian and TFW interests. The changing narratives reflect evolving union reaction to the issue of growing use of TFWs, as well as interaction with external political and economic contexts shaping the issue. The study examines how unions understand challenging new issues. The results suggest union discourses are shaped by the tension between internal pressures and external contexts. They also suggest that leaders’ responsibility to represent members can sometimes clash with unions’ broader values of social justice. Unions build internal value structures that inform their understanding of an issue, but they must also reflect members’ demands and concerns, even if those concerns may not reflect social justice values. The case study reveals the line between “business union” and “social union” philosophy is fluid, contested and context dependent. The paper also links union narratives of TFWs in this contemporary setting to labour’s historical attitude toward immigration and race, finding elements of both continuity and disruption.
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Aikens, Shontarius D. "Building positive relationships in the first 100 days." CASE Journal 15, no. 5 (March 30, 2019): 441–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tcj-01-2018-0019.
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Research methodology The author used narrative research as a research methodology. Case overview/synopsis Winston Thompson is the new Residential Manager of Drayson Residential Complex at Sybel University. After meeting with staff in his area of responsibility and learning about the complexities of his new position, Winston needs to determine the best way to build positive relationships with each member of the leadership team in his complex. In this case, students are challenged to determine the best relationship building approach for each staff member using concepts from leader–member exchange theory while also taking into consideration issues of race, age and gender. Complexity academic level This case is written for undergraduates in either an upper level leadership or organizational behavior course. The case can be adapted for graduate courses and executive education depending upon the work experience of the individuals.
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Shokouhi, Maryam, Kaihan Bahmani, and Leila Baradaran Jamili. "(Re)reading Acculturation Process in Multicultural Space of Zadie Smith’s NW." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 3, no. 11 (November 30, 2020): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2020.3.11.2.
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The present study seeks to delineate the impact of the Other on the acculturative options of the diasporic minorities in the multicultural space of Zadie Smith’s NW (2012). The extent to which the selected characters can be successful in acculturation process to experience conviviality and escape from ethnic absolutism will be discussed by taking an ethico-socio-cultural approach. The interdisciplinary approach includes ethical philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas, Paul Gilroy’s socio-cultural critique of contemporary multiculturalism in Britain, and John Widdup Berry’s acculturation theories. This article attempts to demonstrate not recognizing the Other’s difference can be the main cause of the failure of multiculturalism. Time in its philosophical and temporal sense is associated with race to evoke the way past can lead to the present inter-subjectivity breakdown; moreover, the role of ethical responsibility in the subjects’ acculturation process will be addressed.
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Serido, Joyce, Ashley B. LeBaron, Lijun Li, Emily Parrott, and Soyeon Shim. "The Lengthening Transition to Adulthood: Financial Parenting and Recentering during the College-to-Career Transition." Journal of Family Issues 41, no. 9 (January 12, 2020): 1626–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x19894662.
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Using longitudinal data collected from a college cohort in the United States ( N = 922), we examined the associations between systemic and structural factors (gender, race/ethnicity, family SES, and first-generation college status), financial parenting (teaching, and modeling behavior), and emerging adults’ financial behavior. We conducted a series of one-way repeated measure ANOVA analyses (GLM) to assess patterns of average change in financial parenting and financial behavior in the first year in college, fourth year in college, and two years after college and found evidence suggestive of recentering—a gradual transfer of responsibility during emerging adulthood from parent-directed behavior to self-directed behavior; however, the decline in financial parenting was not offset by an improvement in emerging adults’ financial behavior. Despite similar patterns of change, family socioeconomic status (SES), first-generation college student status, and gender influenced both financial parenting and financial behaviors at each time point. We discuss the findings and the implications on the timing and length of the recentering process.