Academic literature on the topic 'Fringe Effect Analytical Model'
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Journal articles on the topic "Fringe Effect Analytical Model"
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Fang, Yu Ming, Jia Jia Yu, Wen Wen Fu, De Bo Wang, and Pu Li. "An Analytical Model for Dynamic Pull-In of Electrostatic Perforated Plate Actuators." Applied Mechanics and Materials 614 (September 2014): 160–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.614.160.
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Pull-in parameters are important parameters of electrostatic actuators. This paper presents three analytical approximate models for calculating the dynamic pull-in voltage and pull-in position of a perforated plate, respectively. The effects of the fringing field are included in two models. The accuracy of the three present models is compared with ANSYS results. Simulation results show that the detailed capacitance model with fringe effect has good agreement with the FEM results.
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Sun, Yabin, Ziyu Liu, Xiaojin Li, Jiaqi Ren, Fanglin Zheng, and Yanling Shi. "Analytical gate fringe capacitance model for nanoscale MOSFET with layout dependent effect and process variations." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 51, no. 27 (June 19, 2018): 275104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aac7d0.
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Li, Fuqian, and Wenjing Chen. "Phase Error Analysis and Correction for Crossed-Grating Phase-Shifting Profilometry." Sensors 21, no. 19 (September 28, 2021): 6475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21196475.
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Crossed-grating phase-shifting profilometry (CGPSP) has great utility in three-dimensional shape measurement due to its ability to acquire horizontal and vertical phase maps in a single measurement. However, CGPSP is extremely sensitive to the non-linearity effect of a digital fringe projection system, which is not studied in depth yet. In this paper, a mathematical model is established to analyze the phase error caused by the non-linearity effect. Subsequently, two methods used to eliminate the non-linearity error are discussed in detail. To be specific, a double five-step algorithm based on the mathematical model is proposed to passively suppress the second non-linearity. Furthermore, a precoding gamma correction method based on probability distribution function is introduced to actively attenuate the non-linearity of the captured crossed fringe. The comparison results show that the active gamma correction method requires less fringe patterns and can more effectively reduce the non-linearity error compared with the passive method. Finally, employing CGPSP with gamma correction, a faster and reliable inverse pattern projection is realized with less fringe patterns.
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Mobarak, Youssef Ahmed, and Moamen Atef. "Effect of Novel Nanocomposite Materials for Enhancing Performance of Thin Film Transistor TFT Model." International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijaas.v5.i1.pp1-12.
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<span>The potential impact of high permittivity gate dielectrics on thin film transistors short channel and circuit performance has been studied using <a name="OLE_LINK110"></a><a name="OLE_LINK118"></a>highly accurate analytical models. In addition, the gate-to-channel capacitance and parasitic fringe capacitances have been extracted. The suggested model in this paper has been <a name="OLE_LINK37"></a><a name="OLE_LINK36"></a>increased the surface potential and decreased the <a name="OLE_LINK93"></a><a name="OLE_LINK92"></a>threshold voltage, whenever the conventional silicon dioxide gate dielectric<a name="OLE_LINK290"></a><a name="OLE_LINK280"></a> is replaced by high-K gate dielectric novel nanocomposite PVP/La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>K<sub>ox</sub>=25. Also, it has been investigated that a decrease in parasitic outer fringe capacitance and gate-to-channel capacitance, whenever the conventional silicon nitride is replaced by low-K gate sidewall spacer dielectric novel nanocomposite PTFE/SiO<sub>2</sub>K<sub>sp</sub>=2.9. Finally, it has been demonstrated that using low-K gate sidewalls with high-K gate insulators can be decreased the gate fringing field and threshold voltage. In addition, fabrication of nanocomposites from polymers and nano-oxide particles found to have potential candidates for using it in a wide range of applications in low cost due to low process temperature of these nanocomposites materials.</span>
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Kumar, Arun, P. S. T. N. Srinivas, Shiv Bhushan, Sarvesh Dubey, Yatendra Kumar Singh, and Pramod Kumar Tiwari. "Threshold Voltage Modeling of Double Gate-All-Around Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect-Transistors (DGAA MOSFETs) Including the Fringing Field Effects." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 14, no. 11 (November 1, 2019): 1555–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2019.2658.
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In this paper, an analytical threshold voltage model of double gate-all-around metal-oxide-semiconductorfield-effect-transistors (DGAA MOSFETs) including the fringing field effects is developed. The total fringing capacitance arising due to induced fringing fields in the device is divided into inner, outer and bottom fringing capacitance. A simple expression for each fringe capacitance is developed individually. The 3-D Poisson's equation has been solved in the channel region using the parabolic potential approximation method to develop the surface potential expressions. The effects of fringing capacitances of inner and outer gates which causes charge induction in the source/drain regions have been incorporated within the developed surface potential expressions. The change in potential due to these induced charges of source/drain region along the channel is formulated and added with the developed surface potential expression at both surfaces. The obtained modified surface potential equations have been utilized to derive the expression of the threshold voltage of the device. The performance of the proposed model has been compared with the previously developed model of DGAA MOSFET structure without High-k dielectrics. The effects of variation of device parameters on the threshold voltage have been also analyzed. The accuracy of the proposed model has been verified by numerical simulation results obtained by a device simulator VTCAD from Cogenda Int.
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Wang, Jinglei, Yixuan Li, Yifan Ji, Jiaming Qian, Yuxuan Che, Chao Zuo, Qian Chen, and Shijie Feng. "Deep Learning-Based 3D Measurements with Near-Infrared Fringe Projection." Sensors 22, no. 17 (August 27, 2022): 6469. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22176469.
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Fringe projection profilometry (FPP) is widely applied to 3D measurements, owing to its advantages of high accuracy, non-contact, and full-field scanning. Compared with most FPP systems that project visible patterns, invisible fringe patterns in the spectra of near-infrared demonstrate fewer impacts on human eyes or on scenes where bright illumination may be avoided. However, the invisible patterns, which are generated by a near-infrared laser, are usually captured with severe speckle noise, resulting in 3D reconstructions of limited quality. To cope with this issue, we propose a deep learning-based framework that can remove the effect of the speckle noise and improve the precision of the 3D reconstruction. The framework consists of two deep neural networks where one learns to produce a clean fringe pattern and the other to obtain an accurate phase from the pattern. Compared with traditional denoising methods that depend on complex physical models, the proposed learning-based method is much faster. The experimental results show that the measurement accuracy can be increased effectively by the presented method.
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Dwivedi, Apoorva, and Gargi Khanna. "A microelectromechanical system (MEMS) capacitive accelerometer-based microphone with enhanced sensitivity for fully implantable hearing aid: a novel analytical approach." Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik 65, no. 6 (November 18, 2020): 735–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bmt-2017-0183.
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AbstractThe present work proposes a novel, compact, intuitively simple and efficient structure to improve the sensitivity of a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) capacitive accelerometer using an arrangement of microlever as a displacement amplifier. The accelerometer is proposed to serve as a microphone in the fully implantable cochlear prosthetic system which can be surgically implanted at the middle ear bone structure. Therefore, the design parameters such as size, weight and resonant frequency require deliberation. The paper presents a novel analytical model considering the impact of the mechanical amplification along with the width of the microlever and the capacitive fringe effects on the performance of the sensor. The design is simulated and verified using COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS 4.2. The accelerometer is designed within a sensing area of 1 mm2 and accomplishes a nominal capacitance of 4.85 pF and an excellent sensitivity of 5.91 fF/g.
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Manyo, Edem Yawo, Benoit Picoux, Philippe Reynaud, Rémi Tautou, Daniel Nelias, Fatima Allou, and Christophe Petit. "Approach of Pavement Surface Layer Degradation Caused by Tire Contact Using Semi-Analytical Model." Materials 14, no. 9 (April 22, 2021): 2117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14092117.
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New methods of degradations on the pavement’s surface, such as top-down cracking and delamination, caused by the repeated passage of heavy vehicles led to questions about the impact of the contact between the tire and the pavement. In fact, to increase the service life of the structures, future road design methods must have a precise knowledge of the consequences of the contact parameters on the state of stress and deformation in the pavement. In this paper, tractive rolling contact under the effect of friction is modeled by Kalker’s theory using a semi-analytical method (SAM). A tire profile is performed thanks to a digitization by fringes or a photogrammetry technique. The effect of rolling on the main surface extension deformations is then highlighted to study top cracking. At the end of the SAM calculation, contact areas are closed to 200 μdef, exceeding the allowable micro-deformation limit for the initiation of cracking. In addition, results on the main strain directions also give information on the direction of cracking (initiation of longitudinal or transverse cracks). The cracking then becomes evident, leading to a reduced service life.
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Pöller, Franziska, Félix Salazar Bloise, Martin Jakobi, Jie Dong, and Alexander W. Koch. "Extension and Limits of Depolarization-Fringe Contrast Roughness Method in Sub-Micron Domain." Sensors 21, no. 16 (August 19, 2021): 5572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21165572.
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To guarantee quality standards for the industry, surface properties, particularly those of roughness, must be considered in many areas of application. Today, several methods are available on the market, but some damage the surface to be tested as they measure it by contact. A non-contact method for the precise estimation of sub-micron roughness values is presented, which can be used as an extension of existing roughness measurement techniques to improve them further considering the depolarized light reflected by the sample. This setup is based on a Michelson interferometer, and by introducing a quarter-wave plate on a half part of the reference mirror, the surface roughness can be directly derived by measuring the fringe contrasts. This article introduces a simple model describing the intensity distortions resulting from the microscopic roughness in divided interferograms when considering depolarization. This work aimed to extend the measurement range of the technique developed in a previous work, in which depolarization effects are taken into account. For verification, the experimental results were compared with the fringe contrast technique, which does not consider the depolarization of the scattered light, especially regarding the extended wavelength interval, highlighting the limits of the technique. In addition, simulations of the experiments are presented. For comparison, the reference values of the sample roughness were also generated by measurements with a stylus profiler.
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Wang, Wen, Wenjun Qiu, He Yang, Haimei Wu, Guang Shi, Zhanfeng Chen, Keqing Lu, Kui Xiang, and Bingfeng Ju. "An Improved Capacitive Sensor for Detecting the Micro-Clearance of Spherical Joints." Sensors 19, no. 12 (June 14, 2019): 2694. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19122694.
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Due to the flexible and compact structures, spherical joints are widely used in parallel manipulators and industrial robots. Real-time detection of the clearance between the ball and the socket in spherical joints is beneficial to compensate motion errors of mechanical systems and improve their transmission accuracy. This work proposes an improved capacitive sensor for detecting the micro-clearance of spherical joints. First, the structure of the capacitive sensor is proposed. Then, the mathematical model for the differential capacitance of the sensor and the eccentric micro-displacement of the ball is deduced. Finally, the capacitance values of the capacitive sensor are simulated with Ansoft Maxwell. The simulated values of the differential capacitances at different eccentric displacements agree well with the theoretical ones, indicating the feasibility of the proposed detection method. In addition, the simulated results show that the proposed capacitive sensor could effectively reduce the capacitive fringe effect, improving the measurement accuracy.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fringe Effect Analytical Model"
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Sams, Thomas A. "A New Analytical Tire Model For Determining The Effect of Damping Foam on Tire/Vehicle Vibration." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1552062613909176.
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Mikaelyan, Anna. "Analitical study of the Schönbucher-Wilmott model of the feedback effect in illiquid markets." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-3587.
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This master project is dedicated to the analysis of one of the nancialmarket models in an illiquid market. This is a nonlinear model. Using analytical methods we studied the symmetry properties of theequation which described the given model. We called this equation aSchonbucher-Wilmott equation or the main equation. We have foundinnitesimal generators of the Lie algebra, containing the informationabout the symmetry group admitted by the main equation. We foundthat there could be dierent types of the unknown function g, whichwas located in the main equation, in particular four types which admitsricher symmetry group. According to the type of the function gthe equation was split up into four PDEs with the dierent Lie algebrasin each case. Using the generators we studied the structure ofthe Lie algebras and found optimal systems of subalgebras. Then weused the optimal systems for dierent reductions of the PDE equationsto some ODEs. Obtained ODEs were easier to solve than the correspondingPDE. Thereafter we proceeded to the solution of the desiredSchonbucher-Wilmott equation. In the project we were guided by thepapers of Bank, Baum [1] and Schonbucher, Wilmott [2]. In these twopapers authors introduced distinct approaches of the analysis of thenonlinear model - stochastic and dierential ones. Both approaches leadunder some additional assumptions to the same nonlinear equation - the main equation.
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Belanger, Annie. "Brain Basis of the Placebo Effect: A Proposed Integrative Model Implicating the Rostral Anterior Cingulate." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/272.
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How is the brain capable of mediating pain relief via the mind alone? Placebo analgesia is just such a case, wherein an inert substance yields relief from a number of pain inducing stimuli. Scholars typically separate several factors thought to contribute to the placebo effect into psychological and neurobiological influences. Psychological mechanisms include expectation and conditioning of analgesic effects, while neurobiological mechanisms implicate the opioidergic descending pain system. The current paper proposes an integrative model in which the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), implicated in cognitive-affective modulation, receives goal-directed input (i.e., expected pain relief) from the prefrontal cortex. As the rACC processes the cognitive difference between expected and actual pain, it recruits a critical descending pain pathway by means of modulating the periaqueductal gray area (PAG). The PAG is a key relay station that connects to other endogenous subsystems of opioidergic pain relief. Whether the rACC and its connection to the PAG are necessary for the placebo effect is a question future research will have to address.
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Rossi, Dario. "Fracton phases: analytical description and simulations of their thermal behavior." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/23919/.
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Many-body physics studies the collective behavior of systems with a large number of microscopic constituents. The interaction between the fundamental particles creates a common behavior within the system with emergent excitations exhibiting uncommon
characteristics. In three spatial dimensions it has recently been found that a new kind of particles can exist characterized by a fractionalized mobility, being either immobile or mobile only along sub-dimensional spaces: fractons.
In this thesis I explore fracton phases focusing on their topological and thermal properties. Fractons can be explained as a generalization of usual topological particles with some fundamental differences, which make fracton order a new field on its own. Fracton models are studied first from the point of view of exactly solvable lattice spin models, focusing on the similarities and differences with usual topological models. Fracton phases are also described through the use of symmetric tensor gauge theory. This gives a theoretical background which is used to explore some possible phases at finite densities of fractons, like Fermi liquids and quantum Hall states.
The thermal properties of such systems are studied in detail through the use of numerical simulations relying on exact-diagonalization. Various correspondences with systems featuring quantum many-body scars are found, in particular with the PXP model. The non-thermal behavior of the models under study is justified by the fragmentation of the Hilbert space in a large number of separated sub-sectors, not related to symmetries of the model. Further, the range of the local Hamiltonian operators is found to be of fundamental relevance in the thermal properties of the system. For certain ranges it is observed that the models are not able to reach the thermal state at long times. Instead, increasing the length of interactions the system becomes ergodic, with the exception of a small number of special eigenstates which remain non-thermal.
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Gaw, Richelle Leanne. "The effect of red blood cell orientation on the electrical impedance of pulsatile blood with implications for impedance cardiography." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/39448/1/Richelle_Gaw_Thesis.pdf.
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Impedance cardiography is an application of bioimpedance analysis primarily used in a research setting to determine cardiac output. It is a non invasive technique that measures the change in the impedance of the thorax which is attributed to the ejection of a volume of blood from the heart. The cardiac output is calculated from the measured impedance using the parallel conductor theory and a constant value for the resistivity of blood. However, the resistivity of blood has been shown to be velocity dependent due to changes in the orientation of red blood cells induced by changing shear forces during flow. The overall goal of this thesis was to study the effect that flow deviations have on the electrical impedance of blood, both experimentally and theoretically, and to apply the results to a clinical setting. The resistivity of stationary blood is isotropic as the red blood cells are randomly orientated due to Brownian motion. In the case of blood flowing through rigid tubes, the resistivity is anisotropic due to the biconcave discoidal shape and orientation of the cells. The generation of shear forces across the width of the tube during flow causes the cells to align with the minimal cross sectional area facing the direction of flow. This is in order to minimise the shear stress experienced by the cells. This in turn results in a larger cross sectional area of plasma and a reduction in the resistivity of the blood as the flow increases. Understanding the contribution of this effect on the thoracic impedance change is a vital step in achieving clinical acceptance of impedance cardiography. Published literature investigates the resistivity variations for constant blood flow. In this case, the shear forces are constant and the impedance remains constant during flow at a magnitude which is less than that for stationary blood. The research presented in this thesis, however, investigates the variations in resistivity of blood during pulsataile flow through rigid tubes and the relationship between impedance, velocity and acceleration. Using rigid tubes isolates the impedance change to variations associated with changes in cell orientation only. The implications of red blood cell orientation changes for clinical impedance cardiography were also explored. This was achieved through measurement and analysis of the experimental impedance of pulsatile blood flowing through rigid tubes in a mock circulatory system. A novel theoretical model including cell orientation dynamics was developed for the impedance of pulsatile blood through rigid tubes. The impedance of flowing blood was theoretically calculated using analytical methods for flow through straight tubes and the numerical Lattice Boltzmann method for flow through complex geometries such as aortic valve stenosis. The result of the analytical theoretical model was compared to the experimental impedance measurements through rigid tubes. The impedance calculated for flow through a stenosis using the Lattice Boltzmann method provides results for comparison with impedance cardiography measurements collected as part of a pilot clinical trial to assess the suitability of using bioimpedance techniques to assess the presence of aortic stenosis. The experimental and theoretical impedance of blood was shown to inversely follow the blood velocity during pulsatile flow with a correlation of -0.72 and -0.74 respectively. The results for both the experimental and theoretical investigations demonstrate that the acceleration of the blood is an important factor in determining the impedance, in addition to the velocity. During acceleration, the relationship between impedance and velocity is linear (r2 = 0.98, experimental and r2 = 0.94, theoretical). The relationship between the impedance and velocity during the deceleration phase is characterised by a time decay constant, ô , ranging from 10 to 50 s. The high level of agreement between the experimental and theoretically modelled impedance demonstrates the accuracy of the model developed here. An increase in the haematocrit of the blood resulted in an increase in the magnitude of the impedance change due to changes in the orientation of red blood cells. The time decay constant was shown to decrease linearly with the haematocrit for both experimental and theoretical results, although the slope of this decrease was larger in the experimental case. The radius of the tube influences the experimental and theoretical impedance given the same velocity of flow. However, when the velocity was divided by the radius of the tube (labelled the reduced average velocity) the impedance response was the same for two experimental tubes with equivalent reduced average velocity but with different radii. The temperature of the blood was also shown to affect the impedance with the impedance decreasing as the temperature increased. These results are the first published for the impedance of pulsatile blood. The experimental impedance change measured orthogonal to the direction of flow is in the opposite direction to that measured in the direction of flow. These results indicate that the impedance of blood flowing through rigid cylindrical tubes is axisymmetric along the radius. This has not previously been verified experimentally. Time frequency analysis of the experimental results demonstrated that the measured impedance contains the same frequency components occuring at the same time point in the cycle as the velocity signal contains. This suggests that the impedance contains many of the fluctuations of the velocity signal. Application of a theoretical steady flow model to pulsatile flow presented here has verified that the steady flow model is not adequate in calculating the impedance of pulsatile blood flow. The success of the new theoretical model over the steady flow model demonstrates that the velocity profile is important in determining the impedance of pulsatile blood. The clinical application of the impedance of blood flow through a stenosis was theoretically modelled using the Lattice Boltzman method (LBM) for fluid flow through complex geometeries. The impedance of blood exiting a narrow orifice was calculated for varying degrees of stenosis. Clincial impedance cardiography measurements were also recorded for both aortic valvular stenosis patients (n = 4) and control subjects (n = 4) with structurally normal hearts. This pilot trial was used to corroborate the results of the LBM. Results from both investigations showed that the decay time constant for impedance has potential in the assessment of aortic valve stenosis. In the theoretically modelled case (LBM results), the decay time constant increased with an increase in the degree of stenosis. The clinical results also showed a statistically significant difference in time decay constant between control and test subjects (P = 0.03). The time decay constant calculated for test subjects (ô = 180 - 250 s) is consistently larger than that determined for control subjects (ô = 50 - 130 s). This difference is thought to be due to difference in the orientation response of the cells as blood flows through the stenosis. Such a non-invasive technique using the time decay constant for screening of aortic stenosis provides additional information to that currently given by impedance cardiography techniques and improves the value of the device to practitioners. However, the results still need to be verified in a larger study. While impedance cardiography has not been widely adopted clinically, it is research such as this that will enable future acceptance of the method.
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Hollmark, Malin. "Absorbed dose and biological effect in light ion therapy." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Medical Radiation Physics, Stockholm university together with KI, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7756.
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Le, Pavic Jérémy. "Méthodologie de dimensionnement d’un assemblage collé pour application aérospatiale." Thesis, Brest, École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées Bretagne, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENTA0001/document.
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Les lanceurs spatiaux sont des structures complexes associant une multitude de composants. L’assemblage de ces éléments doit répondre à un niveau de performance élevé. Le collage structural demeure un bon candidat en raison des nombreux avantages qu’il présente. Cependant, cette technologie montre des inconvénients. En raison des changements brusques de géométrie et de propriétés matériaux, des concentrations de contraintes apparaissent aux extrémités du joint de colle. Ce phénomène appelé effets de bords est néfaste pour la tenue mécanique de l’assemblage collé. La présence des effets de bords exclut l’utilisation de critères en contrainte utilisés classiquement. Le dimensionnement d’assemblages collés requiert des outils fiables prenant en compte ces effets de bords. Dans cette étude, un modèle de ruine incrémentale, associant une approche en contrainte et en énergie, est utilisé. L’utilisation de cet outil dans un cadre industriel, impose de répondre aux besoins d’un Bureau d’Études, notamment en termes de coût de calculs. Afin de le diminuer, une implémentation semi-analytique, est tout d’abord développée. Puis, une seconde méthode d’implémentation, basée sur la méthode des Eléments Finis, permet une prévision plus précise de la ruine d’un assemblage. La pertinence de ces deux approches a été vérifiée pour plusieurs configurations de joints collés. Des campagnes d’essais, destinées à confronter les résultats expérimentaux aux prévisions numériques, ont été réalisées. Dans le cadre de ce travail, un montage de collage et d’essai pour assemblages tubulaires a en particulier été développé. L’objectif du pré-dimensionnement est d’identifier une zone d’intérêt dans l’ensemble du domaine d’étude. Aussi, une étude paramétrique peut être requise afin de réaliser cette tâche. Afin de réduire le coût de calcul, une méthode d’interpolation spatiale appelée Krigeage a été mise en œuvre, et permet la construction efficace d’une surface de réponseSpace Launchers are complex structures composed of a large number of elements. The assembling of these components must show a high level of reliability. The use of adhesive bonding technology is an interesting solution since it presentsseveral assets compared to “classical” joint techniques (such as riveting, bolting and welding), mainly because it can help to construct lighter and less energy consuming systems However„ the implementation of adhesives also has somedrawbacks. Due to the strong variations of geometrical and material properties, stress concentrations appear at the extremities of the joint. This phenomenon; called edge effects; has a great influence on the failure of the bond. As a result, the simple use of a classical stress or energetic criteria is not appropriate to predict the fracture of such structures. Therefore, it is obvious that the design of bonded assemblies requires reliable tools to take the edge effects into account. In this work an incremental failure model, which combines the stress and energetic criteria, is used. In order to decrease the computational cost, a semi-analytical application of this model is proposed. This is intended to make the approach more interesting to be implemented in an industrial environment. The accuracy of the prediction of the failure load is enhanced by means of the Finite Element method. The reliability of both the semi-analytical and Finite Element approaches is verified by comparing the model predictions with experimental data issued from double-notched Arcan and tubular specimen geometries. The aim of the pre-design phase is to identify the critical area in the whole range of the application of the studied geometry. Therefore, the realization of a parametric study is required in order to build a response surface. In the present study, this has been achieved by means of spatial interpolation using the Kriging model
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Stein, Félix. "SPICE Modeling of TeraHertz Heterojunction bipolar transistors." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0281/document.
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Les études qui seront présentées dans le cadre de cette thèse portent sur le développement et l’optimisation des techniques pour la modélisation compacte des transistors bipolaires à hétérojonction (TBH). Ce type de modélisation est à la base du développement des bibliothèques de composants qu’utilisent les concepteurs lors de la phase de simulation des circuits intégrés. Le but d’une technologie BiCMOS est de pouvoir combiner deux procédés technologiques différents sur une seule et même puce. En plus de limiter le nombre de composants externes, cela permet également une meilleure gestion de la consommation dans les différents blocs digitaux, analogiques et RF. Les applications dites rapides peuvent ainsi profiter du meilleur des composants bipolaires et des transistors CMOS. Le défi est d’autant plus critique dans le cas des applications analogiques/RF puisqu’il est nécessaire de diminuer la puissance consommée tout en maintenant des fréquences de fonctionnement des transistors très élevées. Disposer de modèles compacts précis des transistors utilisés est donc primordial lors de la conception des circuits utilisés pour les applications analogiques et mixtes. Cette précision implique une étude sur un large domaine de tensions d’utilisation et de températures de fonctionnement. De plus, en allant vers des nœuds technologiques de plus en plus avancés, des nouveaux effets physiques se manifestent et doivent être pris en compte dans les équations du modèle. Les règles d’échelle des technologies plus matures doivent ainsi être réexaminées en se basant sur la physique du dispositif. Cette thèse a pour but d’évaluer la faisabilité d’une offre de modèle compact dédiée à la technologie avancée SiGe TBH de chez ST Microelectronics. Le modèle du transistor bipolaire SiGe TBH est présenté en se basant sur le modèle compact récent HICUMversion L2.3x. Grâce aux lois d’échelle introduites et basées sur le dessin même des dimensions du transistor, une simulation précise du comportement électrique et thermique a pu être démontrée.Ceci a été rendu possible grâce à l’utilisation et à l’amélioration des routines et méthodes d’extraction des paramètres du modèle. C’est particulièrement le cas pour la détermination des éléments parasites extrinsèques (résistances et capacités) ainsi que celle du transistor intrinsèque. Finalement, les différentes étapes d’extraction et les méthodes sont présentées, et ont été vérifiées par l’extraction de bibliothèques SPICE sur le TBH NPN Haute-Vitesse de la technologie BiCMOS avancée du noeud 55nm, avec des fréquences de fonctionnement atteignant 320/370GHz de fT = fmaxThe aim of BiCMOS technology is to combine two different process technologies intoa single chip, reducing the number of external components and optimizing power consumptionfor RF, analog and digital parts in one single package. Given the respectivestrengths of HBT and CMOS devices, especially high speed applications benefit fromadvanced BiCMOS processes, that integrate two different technologies.For analog mixed-signal RF and microwave circuitry, the push towards lower powerand higher speed imposes requirements and presents challenges not faced by digitalcircuit designs. Accurate compact device models, predicting device behaviour undera variety of bias as well as ambient temperatures, are crucial for the development oflarge scale circuits and create advanced designs with first-pass success.As technology advances, these models have to cover an increasing number of physicaleffects and model equations have to be continuously re-evaluated and adapted. Likewiseprocess scaling has to be verified and reflected by scaling laws, which are closelyrelated to device physics.This thesis examines the suitability of the model formulation for applicability to production-ready SiGe HBT processes. A derivation of the most recent model formulationimplemented in HICUM version L2.3x, is followed by simulation studies, whichconfirm their agreement with electrical characteristics of high-speed devices. Thefundamental geometry scaling laws, as implemented in the custom-developed modellibrary, are described in detail with a strong link to the specific device architecture.In order to correctly determine the respective model parameters, newly developed andexisting extraction routines have been exercised with recent HBT technology generationsand benchmarked by means of numerical device simulation, where applicable.Especially the extraction of extrinsic elements such as series resistances and parasiticcapacitances were improved along with the substrate network.The extraction steps and methods required to obtain a fully scalable model library wereexercised and presented using measured data from a recent industry-leading 55nmSiGe BiCMOS process, reaching switching speeds in excess of 300GHz. Finally theextracted model card was verified for the respective technology
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Lin, Ye-Chen, and 林曄辰. "The analytical model for drawdown due to constant-rate pumping test in a leaky aquifer: considering lagging effect." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/aa3x75.
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博士國立交通大學
環境工程系所
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This study proposes a generalized Darcy’s law with considering phase lags in both the water flux and drawdown gradient to develop a lagging flow model for describing drawdown induced by constant-rate pumping (CRP) in a leaky confined aquifer. The present model has a mathematical formulation similar to the dual-porosity model. The Laplace-domain solution of the model with the effect of wellbore storage is derived by the Laplace transform method. The time-domain solution for the case of neglecting the wellbore storage and well radius is developed by the use of Laplace transform and Weber transform. The results of sensitivity analysis based on the solution indicate that the drawdown is very sensitive to the change in each of the transmissivity and storativity. Also, a study for the lagging effect on the drawdown indicates that its influence is significant associated with the lag times. The present solution is also employed to analyze a data set taken from a CRP test conducted in a fractured aquifer in South Dakota, USA. The results show the prediction of this new solution with considering the phase lags has very good fit to the field data, especially at early pumping time. In addition, the phase lags seem to have a scale effect as indicated in the results. In other words, the lagging behavior is positively correlated with the observed distance in the Madison aquifer.
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Chang, Jiwon active 2013. "Analytical models of single and double gate JFETs for low power applications." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2009-05-65.
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I propose compact models of single-gate (SG) and double-gate (DG) JFETs predicting the current-voltage characteristics for both long and short channel devices. In order to make the current equation continuous through all operating conditions from subthreshold to well-above threshold, without non-physical fitting parameters, mobile carriers in depletion region are considered. For describing the short channel behavior, relevant parameters extracted from the two-dimensional analytical solution of Poisson's equation are used for modifying long channel equations. Comparisons of models with the numerical simulation showing close agreement are presented. Based on models, merits of DG JFET over SG JFET and SG MOSFET are discussed by examining the schematic circuit diagram describing the relation between gate and channel potentials for each device.text
Books on the topic "Fringe Effect Analytical Model"
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Mirka, Danuta. Hypermetric Manipulations in Haydn and Mozart. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197548905.001.0001.
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This book presents a systematic discussion of hypermeter and phrase structure in eighteenth-century music. It combines perspectives from historical and modern music theory with insights from the cognitive study of music and introduces a dynamic model of hypermeter that allows the analyst to trace the effect of hypermetric manipulations in real time. This model is applied in analyses of string chamber music by Haydn and Mozart. The analyses shed a new light upon this celebrated musical repertory, but the aim of this book goes far beyond an analytical survey of specific compositions. Rather, it is to give a comprehensive account of the ways in which phrase structure and hypermeter were described by eighteenth-century music theorists, conceived by eighteenth-century composers, and perceived by eighteenth-century listeners.
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Roth, Martin, and Robert Cummins. Neuroscience, Psychology, Reduction, and Functional Analysis. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199685509.003.0002.
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The pressure for reduction in science is an artifact of what we call the nomic conception of science (NCS): the idea that the content of science is a collection of laws, together with the deductive-nomological model of explanation. NCS in effect identifies explanation with reduction, thus making no room for the explanatory autonomy of function-analytical explanations. When we replace NCS with something more descriptively accurate, however, we find that the kind of explanatory autonomy of functional-analytic explanations is ubiquitous in the sciences. Key to showing this is a distinction between horizontal and vertical explanation. Horizontal explanations explain the capacities of a complex system by appeal to the design of the system. Vertical explanations, by contrast, explain how a design is implemented in a system. We argue that the distinction between horizontal and vertical explanations provides us with a better picture of the relationship between functional analysis and mechanistic explanation.
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Di Nino, Virginia, Barry Eichengreen, and Massimo Sbracia. Real Exchange Rates, Trade, and Growth. Edited by Gianni Toniolo. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199936694.013.0013.
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What is the relationship between real exchange rate misalignments and economic growth? And what effect, if any, did undervaluations or overvaluations of the lira/euro have on Italy's growth? This chapter addresses these questions by presenting, first, three main facts: (i) there is a positive relationship between undervaluation and growth; (ii) this relationship is strong for developing countries and weak for advanced countries; (iii) these results tend to hold for both the pre- and the post-World War II period. Building a simple analytical model, we explore channels through which undervaluation may exert a positive effect on real GDP. We assume that productivity is higher in the tradable-goods than in the non-tradable-goods sector, and examine the roles of market structure, scale economies, and wage flexibility in channelling resources from the latter to the former sector, increasing exports and real GDP. We then turn to Italy and verify empirically that, as the theory suggests, undervaluation has positively affected its exports. Undervaluation has been helpful, in particular, to increase the exports of high-productivity sectors, such as most manufacturing industries. Finally, we describe the misalignments of the lira/euro since 1861, analyze their determinants and draw the implications for Italy's economic growth.
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Jappelli, Tullio, and Luigi Pistaferri. The Economics of Consumption. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199383146.001.0001.
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Consumption decisions are crucial determinants of business cycles and growth. Knowledge of how consumers respond to the economic environment and how they react to the risks that they encounter during the life cycle is therefore crucial for evaluating stabilization policies and the effectiveness of fiscal packages implemented in response to economic downturns or financial crises. Do anticipated income changes have a different impact on consumption than unanticipated shocks? Do all consumers respond in the same way, or does the response vary by the economic circumstances and consumers’ characteristics? Do the rich increase consumption less than the poor when their income changes? In the past decades, economist have proposed many analytical perspectives, and studied these questions with a variety of data and approaches. This book attempts to guide readers through the most important theoretical papers in the field, and to evaluate theoretical models using facts or available empirical estimates. It is divided into three parts. The first seven chapters provide the basic ingredients of models with intertemporal choice, guiding the reader from a model without uncertainty to intertemporal models with precautionary saving and borrowing constraints. The central part of the book reviews recent empirical literature on the effect of income changes on consumption and on the relevance of precautionary saving. The last four chapters contain a selection of various extensions of the intertemporal model studied in the first part of the book.
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Zydroń, Tymoteusz. Wpływ systemów korzeniowych wybranych gatunków drzew na przyrost wytrzymałości gruntu na ścinanie. Publishing House of the University of Agriculture in Krakow, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/978-83-66602-46-5.
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The aim of the paper was to determine the influence of root systems of chosen tree species found in the Polish Flysch Carpathians on the increase of soil shear strength (root cohesion) in terms of slope stability. The paper's goal was achieved through comprehensive tests on root systems of eight relatively common in the Polish Flysch Carpathians tree species. The tests that were carried out included field work, laboratory work and analytical calculations. As part of the field work, the root area ratio (A IA) of the roots was determined using the method of profiling the walls of the trench at a distance of about 1.0 m from the tree trunk. The width of the. trenches was about 1.0 m, and their depth depended on the ground conditions and ranged from 0.6 to 1.0 m below the ground level. After preparing the walls of the trench, the profile was divided into vertical layers with a height of 0.1 m, within which root diameters were measured. Roots with diameters from 1 to 10 mm were taken into consideration in root area ratio calculations in accordance with the generally accepted methodology for this type of tests. These measurements were made in Biegnik (silver fir), Ropica Polska (silver birch, black locust) and Szymbark (silver birch, European beech, European hornbeam, silver fir, sycamore maple, Scots pine, European spruce) located near Gorlice (The Low Beskids) in areas with unplanned forest management. In case of each tested tree species the samples of roots were taken, transported to the laboratory and then saturated with water for at least one day. Before testing the samples were obtained from the water and stretched in a. tensile testing machine in order to determine their tensile strength and flexibility. In general, over 2200 root samples were tested. The results of tests on root area ratio of root systems and their tensile strength were used to determine the value of increase in shear strength of the soils, called root cohesion. To this purpose a classic Wu-Waldron calculation model was used as well as two types of bundle models, the so called static model (Fiber Bundle Model — FIRM, FBM2, FBM3) and the deformation model (Root Bundle Model— RBM1, RBM2, mRBM1) that differ in terms of the assumptions concerning the way the tensile force is distributed to the roots as well as the range of parameters taken into account during calculations. The stability analysis of 8 landslides in forest areas of Cicikowicleie and Wignickie Foothills was a form of verification of relevance of the obtained calculation results. The results of tests on root area ratio in the profile showed that, as expected, the number of roots in the soil profile and their ApIA values are very variable. It was shown that the values of the root area ratio of the tested tree species with a diameter 1-10 ram are a maximum of 0.8% close to the surface of the ground and they decrease along with the depth reaching the values at least one order of magnitude lower than close to the surface at the depth 0.5-1.0 m below the ground level. Average values of the root area ratio within the soil profile were from 0.05 to 0.13% adequately for Scots pine and European beech. The measured values of the root area ratio are relatively low in relation to the values of this parameter given in literature, which is probably connected with great cohesiveness of the soils and the fact that there were a lot of rock fragments in the soil, where the tests were carried out. Calculation results of the Gale-Grigal function indicate that a distribution of roots in the soil profile is similar for the tested species, apart from the silver fir from Bie§nik and European hornbeam. Considering the number of roots, their distribution in the soil profile and the root area ratio it appears that — considering slope stability — the root systems of European beech and black locust are the most optimal, which coincides with tests results given in literature. The results of tensile strength tests showed that the roots of the tested tree species have different tensile strength. The roots of European beech and European hornbeam had high tensile strength, whereas the roots of conifers and silver birch in deciduous trees — low. The analysis of test results also showed that the roots of the studied tree species are characterized by high variability of mechanical properties. The values Of shear strength increase are mainly related to the number and size (diameter) of the roots in the soil profile as well as their tensile strength and pullout resistance, although they can also result from the used calculation method (calculation model). The tests showed that the distribution of roots in the soil and their tensile strength are characterized by large variability, which allows the conclusion that using typical geotechnical calculations, which take into consideration the role of root systems is exposed to a high risk of overestimating their influence on the soil reinforcement. hence, while determining or assuming the increase in shear strength of soil reinforced with roots (root cohesion) for design calculations, a conservative (careful) approach that includes the most unfavourable values of this parameter should be used. Tests showed that the values of shear strength increase of the soil reinforced with roots calculated using Wu-Waldron model in extreme cases are three times higher than the values calculated using bundle models. In general, the most conservative calculation results of the shear strength increase were obtained using deformation bundle models: RBM2 (RBMw) or mRBM1. RBM2 model considers the variability of strength characteristics of soils described by Weibull survival function and in most cases gives the lowest values of the shear strength increase, which usually constitute 50% of the values of shear strength increase determined using classic Wu-Waldron model. Whereas the second model (mRBM1.) considers averaged values of roots strength parameters as well as the possibility that two main mechanism of destruction of a root bundle - rupture and pulling out - can occur at the same. time. The values of shear strength increase calculated using this model were the lowest in case of beech and hornbeam roots, which had high tensile strength. It indicates that in the surface part of the profile (down to 0.2 m below the ground level), primarily in case of deciduous trees, the main mechanism of failure of the root bundle will be pulling out. However, this model requires the knowledge of a much greater number of geometrical parameters of roots and geotechnical parameters of soil, and additionally it is very sensitive to input data. Therefore, it seems practical to use the RBM2 model to assess the influence of roots on the soil shear strength increase, and in order to obtain safe results of calculations in the surface part of the profile, the Weibull shape coefficient equal to 1.0 can be assumed. On the other hand, the Wu-Waldron model can be used for the initial assessment of the shear strength increase of soil reinforced with roots in the situation, where the deformation properties of the root system and its interaction with the soil are not considered, although the values of the shear strength increase calculated using this model should be corrected and reduced by half. Test results indicate that in terms of slope stability the root systems of beech and hornbeam have the most favourable properties - their maximum effect of soil reinforcement in the profile to the depth of 0.5 m does not usually exceed 30 kPa, and to the depth of 1 m - 20 kPa. The root systems of conifers have the least impact on the slope reinforcement, usually increasing the soil shear strength by less than 5 kPa. These values coincide to a large extent with the range of shear strength increase obtained from the direct shear test as well as results of stability analysis given in literature and carried out as part of this work. The analysis of the literature indicates that the methods of measuring tree's root systems as well as their interpretation are very different, which often limits the possibilities of comparing test results. This indicates the need to systematize this type of tests and for this purpose a root distribution model (RDM) can be used, which can be integrated with any deformation bundle model (RBM). A combination of these two calculation models allows the range of soil reinforcement around trees to be determined and this information might be used in practice, while planning bioengineering procedures in areas exposed to surface mass movements. The functionality of this solution can be increased by considering the dynamics of plant develop¬ment in the calculations. This, however, requires conducting this type of research in order to obtain more data.
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Ślusarski, Marek. Metody i modele oceny jakości danych przestrzennych. Publishing House of the University of Agriculture in Krakow, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/978-83-66602-30-4.
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The quality of data collected in official spatial databases is crucial in making strategic decisions as well as in the implementation of planning and design works. Awareness of the level of the quality of these data is also important for individual users of official spatial data. The author presents methods and models of description and evaluation of the quality of spatial data collected in public registers. Data describing the space in the highest degree of detail, which are collected in three databases: land and buildings registry (EGiB), geodetic registry of the land infrastructure network (GESUT) and in database of topographic objects (BDOT500) were analyzed. The results of the research concerned selected aspects of activities in terms of the spatial data quality. These activities include: the assessment of the accuracy of data collected in official spatial databases; determination of the uncertainty of the area of registry parcels, analysis of the risk of damage to the underground infrastructure network due to the quality of spatial data, construction of the quality model of data collected in official databases and visualization of the phenomenon of uncertainty in spatial data. The evaluation of the accuracy of data collected in official, large-scale spatial databases was based on a representative sample of data. The test sample was a set of deviations of coordinates with three variables dX, dY and Dl – deviations from the X and Y coordinates and the length of the point offset vector of the test sample in relation to its position recognized as a faultless. The compatibility of empirical data accuracy distributions with models (theoretical distributions of random variables) was investigated and also the accuracy of the spatial data has been assessed by means of the methods resistant to the outliers. In the process of determination of the accuracy of spatial data collected in public registers, the author’s solution was used – resistant method of the relative frequency. Weight functions, which modify (to varying degree) the sizes of the vectors Dl – the lengths of the points offset vector of the test sample in relation to their position recognized as a faultless were proposed. From the scope of the uncertainty of estimation of the area of registry parcels the impact of the errors of the geodetic network points was determined (points of reference and of the higher class networks) and the effect of the correlation between the coordinates of the same point on the accuracy of the determined plot area. The scope of the correction was determined (in EGiB database) of the plots area, calculated on the basis of re-measurements, performed using equivalent techniques (in terms of accuracy). The analysis of the risk of damage to the underground infrastructure network due to the low quality of spatial data is another research topic presented in the paper. Three main factors have been identified that influence the value of this risk: incompleteness of spatial data sets and insufficient accuracy of determination of the horizontal and vertical position of underground infrastructure. A method for estimation of the project risk has been developed (quantitative and qualitative) and the author’s risk estimation technique, based on the idea of fuzzy logic was proposed. Maps (2D and 3D) of the risk of damage to the underground infrastructure network were developed in the form of large-scale thematic maps, presenting the design risk in qualitative and quantitative form. The data quality model is a set of rules used to describe the quality of these data sets. The model that has been proposed defines a standardized approach for assessing and reporting the quality of EGiB, GESUT and BDOT500 spatial data bases. Quantitative and qualitative rules (automatic, office and field) of data sets control were defined. The minimum sample size and the number of eligible nonconformities in random samples were determined. The data quality elements were described using the following descriptors: range, measure, result, and type and unit of value. Data quality studies were performed according to the users needs. The values of impact weights were determined by the hierarchical analytical process method (AHP). The harmonization of conceptual models of EGiB, GESUT and BDOT500 databases with BDOT10k database was analysed too. It was found that the downloading and supplying of the information in BDOT10k creation and update processes from the analyzed registers are limited. An effective approach to providing spatial data sets users with information concerning data uncertainty are cartographic visualization techniques. Based on the author’s own experience and research works on the quality of official spatial database data examination, the set of methods for visualization of the uncertainty of data bases EGiB, GESUT and BDOT500 was defined. This set includes visualization techniques designed to present three types of uncertainty: location, attribute values and time. Uncertainty of the position was defined (for surface, line, and point objects) using several (three to five) visual variables. Uncertainty of attribute values and time uncertainty, describing (for example) completeness or timeliness of sets, are presented by means of three graphical variables. The research problems presented in the paper are of cognitive and application importance. They indicate on the possibility of effective evaluation of the quality of spatial data collected in public registers and may be an important element of the expert system.
Book chapters on the topic "Fringe Effect Analytical Model"
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Thabet, Mohamad, David Sanders, and Victor Becerra. "Analytical Model for Compressed Air System Analysis." In Springer Proceedings in Energy, 99–104. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63916-7_13.
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AbstractThis paper presents a simple analytical model for a compressed air system (CAS) supply side. The supply side contains components responsible for production, treatment and storage of compressed air such as a compressor, cooler and a storage tank. Simulation of system performance with different storage tank size and system pressure set-point were performed. Results showed that a properly sized tank volume reduces energy consumption while maintaining good system pressure stability. Moreover, results also showed that reducing system pressure reduced energy consumption, however a more detailed model that considers end-user equipment is required to study effect of pressure set-point on energy consumption. Future work will focus on developing a supply-demand side coupled model and on utilizing model in developing new control strategies for improved energy performance.
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Karihaloo, B. L., R. Ince, and A. Arslan. "An Improved Lattice Model for Fracture and Size Effect of Concrete Structures." In IUTAM Symposium on Analytical and Computational Fracture Mechanics of Non-Homogeneous Materials, 493–505. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0081-8_55.
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Creemer, J. F., and P. J. French. "An Analytical Model of the Piezojunction Effect for Arbitrary Stress and Current Orientations." In Transducers ’01 Eurosensors XV, 256–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59497-7_60.
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Saqib, Mohd, Arghya Das, and Nihar Ranjan Patra. "A Simple Analytical Model of the Damping Ratio Considering Effect of Particle Breakage." In Challenges and Innovations in Geomechanics, 126–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12851-6_16.
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Saraswathi, D., N. B. Balamurugan, G. Lakshmi Priya, and S. Manikandan. "A Compact Analytical Model for 2D Triple Material Surrounding Gate Nanowire Tunnel Field Effect Transistors." In Intelligent Computing and Applications, 325–32. New Delhi: Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2268-2_35.
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Varma Raja Kochanattu, Gautham, Gianpietro Elvio Cossali, and Simona Tonini. "An Analytical Approach to Model the Effect of Evaporation on Oscillation Amplitude of Liquid Drops in Gaseous Environment." In Fluid Mechanics and Its Applications, 3–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33338-6_1.
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Geppert, Anne, Ronan Bernard, Bernhard Weigand, and Grazia Lamanna. "Analytical Model for Crown Spreading During Drop Impact onto Wetted Walls: Effect of Liquids Viscosity on Momentum Transfer." In Fluid Mechanics and Its Applications, 177–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33338-6_14.
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Vanitha, P., G. Lakshmi Priya, N. B. Balamurugan, S. Theodore Chandra, and S. Manikandan. "Analytical Approach on the Scale Length Model for Tri-material Surrounding Gate Tunnel Field-Effect Transistors (TMSG-TFETs)." In Intelligent Computing and Applications, 231–38. New Delhi: Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2268-2_25.
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Schwalbe, Karl-Heinz. "Effect of Weld Metal Mis-match on Toughness Requirements: Some Simple Analytical Considerations Using the Engineering Treatment Model (ETM)." In Mechanical Effects of Welding, 151–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84731-8_14.
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Lu, Renxiang, and Johnn Judd. "Effect of Bridge Skew on the Analytical and Experimental Responses of a Steel Girder Highway Bridge." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 70–81. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1260-3_7.
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AbstractThis study examines the effect of bridge skew on the load rating and natural frequencies of a steel girder skewed highway bridge. The analytical load rating was determined based on a line-girder model and the AASHTO bridge design specification. The experimental load rating was determined based on a series of calibrated-weight truck runs. The analytical natural frequency was determined based on correlating the single span response to a continuous span response. The experimental natural frequency was obtained based on the free vibration response from the calibrated-weight truck. The frequency associated with the first spike of the frequency domain plot was identified using a Fast Fourier Transformation. The results show that the analytical load ratings and natural frequencies differed from the experimental values primarily due to effect of bridge skew, which caused the actual load path to be significantly shorter than the bridge span length that was used in the analytical calculations.
Conference papers on the topic "Fringe Effect Analytical Model"
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Peng, H. J., S. P. Wong, and Shounan Zhao. "Study of Thin Film-Edge Induced Stresses in Silicon Substrates by Infrared Photoelasticity." In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/rsafp-21743.
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Abstract In this work, we shall report the direct observation of the stress field in the silicon substrate induced by an oxide thin film edge using the infrared (IR) photoelastic (PE) method. Our experimental results showed that the earlier analytical solutions cannot give a satisfactory description of the observed IR PE stress fringe patterns. A simple model is developed to treat the stress field under the film edge as a superposition of two contributions. One term is as described by the concentrated force model proposed by Hu which is singular at the thin film edge. The other term is non-singular corresponding to the contribution as described by the bimetallic strip theory. The simulation images of stress fringe patterns are obtained according to this model. Good agreement is found between the simulated and experimental stress fringe patterns. In addition, the effects of film thickness and substrate thickness on the stress distribution in this structure were also investigated.
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Koscielniak, S. R., and Carol Johnstone. "Analytic model for quadrupole fringe-field effects." In 2007 IEEE Particle Accelerator Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pac.2007.4440764.
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Li, Zhimeng, Hua Wang, Yuan Ren, Tong Liu, Song Qiu, Chen Wang, You Ding, Qimeng Sha, and Yaxiong Zhu. "Theoretical research on rotating doppler effect based on fringe model." In 24th National Laser Conference & Fifteenth National Conference on Laser Technology and Optoelectronics, edited by Yue Yang, Jianqiang Zhu, Weibiao Chen, Pu Wang, Jianrong Qiu, Zhenxi Zhang, and Minlin Zhong. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2588288.
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Stone, James J. S., Shen-Haw Ju, and Robert E. Rowlands. "Stress Analysis of Pin-Loaded Composite Plates." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-62154.
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The frictional contact of the pin-loaded joint in composite plates was studied. This included the effects of pin clearance and variations in material and geometry. Full-filed displacements were measured by high sensitivity moire´ interferometry. Considerable effort was expended to develop a loading frame, relevant fixtures and monitoring capability to ensure that the plate was loaded uniformly through its thickness, particularly at the pin-loaded hole. Numerical techniques were prepared for processing the optical fringe data. A reliable finite element model for a bolted joint was also formulated. The efficient finite element program, which is capable of handling friction and/or clearance at the loaded hole, has been validated analytically, experimentally and numerically.
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Vandenberghe, William G., Anne S. Verhulst, Guido Groeseneken, Bart Soree, and Wim Magnus. "Analytical model for a tunnel field-effect transistor." In MELECON 2008 - 2008 IEEE Mediterranean Electrotechnical Conference. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/melcon.2008.4618555.
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Qiao, Mu, and Jan P. Allebach. "Analytical model of skew effect in digital press characterization." In Electronic Imaging 2006, edited by Jan P. Allebach and Hui Chao. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.660252.
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Meltenisov, Mikhail, and Aleksandr Matukhin. "Analytical model of chromatic dispersion effect in the time domain." In 2016 18th International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology (ICACT). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icact.2016.7423409.
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Meltenisov, Mikhail, and Aleksandr Matukhin. "Analytical model of chromatic dispersion effect in the time domain." In 2016 18th International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology (ICACT). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icact.2016.7423410.
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Kopyt, Pawel, and Malgorzata Celuch-Marcysiak. "One-Dimensional Fully Analytical Model of the Microwave Heating Effect." In 2006 International Conference on Microwaves, Radar & Wireless Communications. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mikon.2006.4345247.
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Elahi, Mirza Mohammad Monzure, Kawser Ahmed, and Md Shofiqul Islam. "An improved analytical model of current in tunnel field effect transistor." In 2012 7th International Conference on Electrical & Computer Engineering (ICECE). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icece.2012.6471672.
Full textReports on the topic "Fringe Effect Analytical Model"
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Nicoll, Jeffrey F., and James D. Silk. Unified Analytical Model of the Effect of Obscurants on Target Acquisition and Engagement Tasks. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada275990.
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Shillito, Rose, Markus Berli, and Teamrat Ghezzehei. Quantifying the effect of subcritical water repellency on sorptivity : a physically based model. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41054.
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Soil water wettability or water repellency is a phenomenon that can affect infiltration and, ultimately, runoff. Thus, there is a need to develop a model that can quantitatively capture the influence of water repellency on infiltration in a physically meaningful way and within the framework of existing infiltration theory. The analytical model developed in this study relates soil sorptivity (an infiltration parameter) with contact angle (a direct measure of water repellency) for variably saturated media. The model was validated with laboratory experiments using a silica sand of known properties treated to produce controlled degrees of water repellency. The measured contact angle and sorptivity values closely matched the model‐predicted values. Further, the relationship between the frequently used water drop penetration time test (used to assess water repellency) and sorptivity was illustrated. Finally, the direct impact of water repellency on saturated hydraulic conductivity was investigated due to its role in infiltration equations and to shed light on inconsistent field observations. It was found that water repellency had minimal effect on the saturated hydraulic conductivity of structureless sand. A quantitative model for infiltration incorporating the effect of water repellency is particularly important for post‐fire hydrologic modeling of burned areas exhibiting water repellent soils.
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Wang, Chih-Hao, and Na Chen. Do Multi-Use-Path Accessibility and Clustering Effect Play a Role in Residents' Choice of Walking and Cycling? Mineta Transportation Institute, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2011.
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The transportation studies literature recognizes the relationship between accessibility and active travel. However, there is limited research on the specific impact of walking and cycling accessibility to multi-use paths on active travel behavior. Combined with the culture of automobile dependency in the US, this knowledge gap has been making it difficult for policy-makers to encourage walking and cycling mode choices, highlighting the need to promote a walking and cycling culture in cities. In this case, a clustering effect (“you bike, I bike”) can be used as leverage to initiate such a trend. This project contributes to the literature as one of the few published research projects that considers all typical categories of explanatory variables (individual and household socioeconomics, local built environment features, and travel and residential choice attitudes) as well as two new variables (accessibility to multi-use paths calculated by ArcGIS and a clustering effect represented by spatial autocorrelation) at two levels (level 1: binary choice of cycling/waking; level 2: cycling/walking time if yes at level 1) to better understand active travel demand. We use data from the 2012 Utah Travel Survey. At the first level, we use a spatial probit model to identify whether and why Salt Lake City residents walked or cycled. The second level is the development of a spatial autoregressive model for walkers and cyclists to examine what factors affect their travel time when using walking or cycling modes. The results from both levels, obtained while controlling for individual, attitudinal, and built-environment variables, show that accessibility to multi-use paths and a clustering effect (spatial autocorrelation) influence active travel behavior in different ways. Specifically, a cyclist is likely to cycle more when seeing more cyclists around. These findings provide analytical evidence to decision-makers for efficiently evaluating and deciding between plans and policies to enhance active transportation based on the two modeling approaches to assessing travel behavior described above.
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Blundell, S. Micro-terrain and canopy feature extraction by breakline and differencing analysis of gridded elevation models : identifying terrain model discontinuities with application to off-road mobility modeling. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40185.
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Elevation models derived from high-resolution airborne lidar scanners provide an added dimension for identification and extraction of micro-terrain features characterized by topographic discontinuities or breaklines. Gridded digital surface models created from first-return lidar pulses are often combined with lidar-derived bare-earth models to extract vegetation features by model differencing. However, vegetative canopy can also be extracted from the digital surface model alone through breakline analysis by taking advantage of the fine-scale changes in slope that are detectable in high-resolution elevation models of canopy. The identification and mapping of canopy cover and micro-terrain features in areas of sparse vegetation is demonstrated with an elevation model for a region of western Montana, using algorithms for breaklines, elevation differencing, slope, terrain ruggedness, and breakline gradient direction. These algorithms were created at the U.S. Army Engineer Research Center – Geospatial Research Laboratory (ERDC-GRL) and can be accessed through an in-house tool constructed in the ENVI/IDL environment. After breakline processing, products from these algorithms are brought into a Geographic Information System as analytical layers and applied to a mobility routing model, demonstrating the effect of breaklines as obstacles in the calculation of optimal, off-road routes. Elevation model breakline analysis can serve as significant added value to micro-terrain feature and canopy mapping, obstacle identification, and route planning.
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Seginer, Ido, Louis D. Albright, and Robert W. Langhans. On-line Fault Detection and Diagnosis for Greenhouse Environmental Control. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7575271.bard.
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Background Early detection and identification of faulty greenhouse operation is essential, if losses are to be minimized by taking immediate corrective actions. Automatic detection and identification would also free the greenhouse manager to tend to his other business. Original objectives The general objective was to develop a method, or methods, for the detection, identification and accommodation of faults in the greenhouse. More specific objectives were as follows: 1. Develop accurate systems models, which will enable the detection of small deviations from normal behavior (of sensors, control, structure and crop). 2. Using these models, develop algorithms for an early detection of deviations from the normal. 3. Develop identifying procedures for the most important faults. 4. Develop accommodation procedures while awaiting a repair. The Technion team focused on the shoot environment and the Cornell University team focused on the root environment. Achievements Models: Accurate models were developed for both shoot and root environment in the greenhouse, utilizing neural networks, sometimes combined with robust physical models (hybrid models). Suitable adaptation methods were also successfully developed. The accuracy was sufficient to allow detection of frequently occurring sensor and equipment faults from common measurements. A large data base, covering a wide range of weather conditions, is required for best results. This data base can be created from in-situ routine measurements. Detection and isolation: A robust detection and isolation (formerly referred to as 'identification') method has been developed, which is capable of separating the effect of faults from model inaccuracies and disturbance effects. Sensor and equipment faults: Good detection capabilities have been demonstrated for sensor and equipment failures in both the shoot and root environment. Water stress detection: An excitation method of the shoot environment has been developed, which successfully detected water stress, as soon as the transpiration rate dropped from its normal level. Due to unavailability of suitable monitoring equipment for the root environment, crop faults could not be detected from measurements in the root zone. Dust: The effect of screen clogging by dust has been quantified. Implications Sensor and equipment fault detection and isolation is at a stage where it could be introduced into well equipped and maintained commercial greenhouses on a trial basis. Detection of crop problems requires further work. Dr. Peleg was primarily responsible for developing and implementing the innovative data analysis tools. The cooperation was particularly enhanced by Dr. Peleg's three summer sabbaticals at the ARS, Northem Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory, in Sidney, Montana. Switching from multi-band to hyperspectral remote sensing technology during the last 2 years of the project was advantageous by expanding the scope of detected plant growth attributes e.g. Yield, Leaf Nitrate, Biomass and Sugar Content of sugar beets. However, it disrupted the continuity of the project which was originally planned on a 2 year crop rotation cycle of sugar beets and multiple crops (com and wheat), as commonly planted in eastern Montana. Consequently, at the end of the second year we submitted a continuation BARD proposal which was turned down for funding. This severely hampered our ability to validate our findings as originally planned in a 4-year crop rotation cycle. Thankfully, BARD consented to our request for a one year extension of the project without additional funding. This enabled us to develop most of the methodology for implementing and running the hyperspectral remote sensing system and develop the new analytical tools for solving the non-repeatability problem and analyzing the huge hyperspectral image cube datasets. However, without validation of these tools over a ful14-year crop rotation cycle this project shall remain essentially unfinished. Should the findings of this report prompt the BARD management to encourage us to resubmit our continuation research proposal, we shall be happy to do so.