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Journal articles on the topic 'Freshwater systems'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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1

Banas, D., G. Masson, L. Leglize, and J. C. Pihan. "Temporal variations of sedimentation in shallow freshwater systems." Fundamental and Applied Limnology 153, no. 4 (April 9, 2002): 623–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/archiv-hydrobiol/153/2002/623.

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2

Emmerton, Craig A., Vincent L. St. Louis, Igor Lehnherr, Jennifer A. Graydon, Jane L. Kirk, and Kimberly J. Rondeau. "The importance of freshwater systems to the net atmospheric exchange of carbon dioxide and methane with a rapidly changing high Arctic watershed." Biogeosciences 13, no. 20 (October 26, 2016): 5849–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5849-2016.

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Abstract. A warming climate is rapidly changing the distribution and exchanges of carbon within high Arctic ecosystems. Few data exist, however, which quantify exchange of both carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) between the atmosphere and freshwater systems, or estimate freshwater contributions to total catchment exchange of these gases, in the high Arctic. During the summers of 2005 and 2007–2012, we quantified CO2 and CH4 concentrations in, and atmospheric exchange with, common freshwater systems in the high Arctic watershed of Lake Hazen, Nunavut, Canada. We identified four types of biogeochemically distinct freshwater systems in the watershed; however mean CO2 concentrations (21–28 µmol L−1) and atmospheric exchange (−0.013 to +0.046 g C–CO2 m−2 day−1) were similar between these systems. Seasonal flooding of ponds bordering Lake Hazen generated considerable CH4 emissions to the atmosphere (+0.008 g C–CH4 m−2 day−1), while all other freshwater systems were minimal emitters of this gas (< +0.001 g C–CH4 m−2 day−1). When using ecosystem-cover classification mapping and data from previous studies, we found that freshwaters were unimportant contributors to total watershed carbon exchange, in part because they covered less than 10 % of total area in the watershed. High Arctic watersheds are experiencing warmer and wetter climates than in the past, which may have implications for moisture availability, landscape cover, and the exchange of CO2 and CH4 of underproductive but expansive polar semidesert ecosystems.

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3

Showstack, Randy. "Freshwater systems threatened, report charges." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 83, no. 7 (2002): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/eo083i007p00062-03.

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4

OKAMURA, BETH, and STEPHEN W. FEIST. "Emerging diseases in freshwater systems." Freshwater Biology 56, no. 4 (February 16, 2011): 627–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2011.02578.x.

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5

Sheath, Robert G. "Algal Ecology: Freshwater Benthic Systems." Phycologia 36, no. 4 (July 1997): 331–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-36-4-331.1.

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6

Spears, Bryan M., and Stephen C. Maberly. "Lessons learned from geoengineering freshwater systems." Nature Climate Change 4, no. 11 (October 29, 2014): 935–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2412.

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7

Havens, Karl E. "The International Editorship of Freshwater Systems." Scientific World JOURNAL 1 (2001): 458–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2001.78.

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It is my pleasure to announce that two distinguished internationalscientists have joined the editorship of the FreshwaterSystems domain of TheScientificWorldJOURNAL Professor BrijGopal of Jawaharlal Nehru University (India) and Dr. Manual Gra柠of the Universityof Coimbra (Portugal). Professor Gopal is the Secretary General of the NationalInstitute of Ecology, Editor of the InternationalJournal of Ecology & Environmental Science,and Chairman of the SIL (International Association of Theoretical and AppliedLimnology) Committee on Limnology in Developing Countries. His research interestsinclude the ecology, biogeochemistry and biodiversity of wetland ecosystems,the management of wetlands as an integral part of the watershed, and wetlandwater policyrelated issues. Dr. Gra柠is a stream ecologist whose researchinterests include the two general areas of organic matter decomposition andbiological monitoring. His specific areas of research focus include quantificationof organic matter and other chemical changes in decomposing leaves, the ecologyof aquatic hyphomycetes, and the ecology of animals feeding on detritus. Hisresearch dealing with biological monitoring is carried out in close cooperationwith the paper and mining industries, facilitating the practical applicationof his work.

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8

Štajduhar, Andrija, and Adriana Lipovac. "On Fluid Dynamics of Freshwater and Seawater in Marine Systems." Naše more 63, no. 1 (March 2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.17818/nm/2016/1.1.

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9

Carvalho, Lucélia Nobre, Rafael Arruda, and Jansen Zuanon. "Record of cleaning behavior by Platydoras costatus (Siluriformes: Doradidae) in the Amazon Basin, Brazil." Neotropical Ichthyology 1, no. 2 (December 2003): 137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252003000200009.

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Records of cleaning symbiosis between freshwater fish are scarce. Here we report on juvenile catfish, Platydoras costatus, cleaning the piscivorous characin Hoplias cf. malabaricus in a stream of the rio Araguaia drainage in the Brazilian Amazon. The scarcity of records on cleaning behavior in freshwater systems seems to be in part a consequence of the few observational studies under natural conditions in the Neotropics. Otherwise, the rareness of this behavior in freshwaters is possibly related to the short evolutionary time available to the fish fauna to develop these complex interactions, when compared to the ocean environment.

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10

Yu, Ao, J. Trevor Vannatta, Stephanie O. Gutierrez, and Dennis J. Minchella. "Opportunity or catastrophe? effect of sea salt on host-parasite survival and reproduction." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, no. 2 (February 24, 2022): e0009524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009524.

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Seawater intrusion associated with decreasing groundwater levels and rising seawater levels may affect freshwater species and their parasites. While brackish water certainly impacts freshwater systems globally, its impact on disease transmission is largely unknown. This study examined the effect of artificial seawater on host-parasite interactions using a freshwater snail host, Biomphalaria alexandrina, and the human trematode parasite Schistosoma mansoni. To evaluate the impact of increasing salinity on disease transmission four variables were analyzed: snail survival, snail reproduction, infection prevalence, and the survival of the parasite infective stage (cercariae). We found a decrease in snail survival, snail egg mass production, and snail infection prevalence as salinity increases. However, cercarial survival peaked at an intermediate salinity value. Our results suggest that seawater intrusion into freshwaters has the potential to decrease schistosome transmission to humans.

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11

Rokni, Marvin M. "Power to Hydrogen Through Polygeneration Systems Based on Solid Oxide Cell Systems." Energies 12, no. 24 (December 16, 2019): 4793. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12244793.

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This study presents the design and analysis of a novel plant based on reversible solid oxide cells driven by wind turbines and integrated with district heating, absorption chillers and water distillation. The main goal is produce hydrogen from excess electricity generated by the wind turbines. The proposed design recovers the waste heat to generate cooling, freshwater and heating. The different plant designs proposed here make it possible to alter the production depending on the demand. Further, the study uses solar energy to generate steam and regulate the heat production for the district heating. The study shows that the plant is able to produce hydrogen at a rate of about 2200 kg/day and the hydrogen production efficiency of the plant reaches about 39%. The total plant efficiency (energy efficiency) will be close to 47% when heat, cool and freshwater are accounted for. Neglecting the heat input through solar energy to the system, then hydrogen production efficiency will be about 74% and the total plant efficiency will be about 100%. In addition, the study analyses the plant performance versus wind velocity in terms of heating, cooling and freshwater generation.

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12

Havens, Karl E. "Linking Science with Management of Freshwater Systems." Lake and Reservoir Management 18, no. 4 (December 2002): iii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07438140209353932.

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13

DUNCAN, C. J. "THE GENITAL SYSTEMS OF THE FRESHWATER BASOMMATOPHORA." Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 135, no. 3 (August 20, 2009): 339–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1960.tb05851.x.

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14

Bunker, D. J., J. T. Smith, F. R. Livens, and J. Hilton. "Determination of radionuclide exchangeability in freshwater systems." Science of The Total Environment 263, no. 1-3 (December 2000): 171–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0048-9697(00)00701-4.

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15

Scheffer, Marten. "Multiplicity of stable states in freshwater systems." Hydrobiologia 200-201, no. 1 (August 1990): 475–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02530365.

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16

Liu, Zhilin, Tanveer M. Adyel, Zhiyuan Wang, Jun Wu, Jianchao Liu, Lingzhan Miao, and Jun Hou. "Effects of Biofilms on Trace Metal Adsorption on Plastics in Freshwater Systems." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 21 (October 22, 2022): 13752. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192113752.

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The formation of plastisphere on plastics and their potential impact on freshwater ecosystems have drawn increasing attention. However, there is still limited information about the effects of plastisphere on the heavy metal adsorption capacity and the related mechanism of plastic debris in different freshwaters. Herein, the trace metal adsorption capacity, kinetics and adsorption mechanisms of virgin and biofilm-covered plastic debris were investigated. Polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic debris were placed in three freshwaters (Xuanwu Lake, Donghu Lake and the Qinhuai River) for 45 days to incubate biofilms. Batch adsorption experiments were performed to compare the adsorption processes of trace metal on virgin and biofilm-covered plastics. Results showed that biofilms increase the adsorption of metals on plastics, and the adsorption isotherms were well fitted by the Langmuir model. Furthermore, the adsorption capacities for lead (Pb(II)) were higher than that of cadmium (Cd(II)) and zinc (Zn(II)), with 256.21 and 277.38 μg/g (Pb(II)) adsorbed in biofilm-covered PP and PET, respectively, in Xuanwu Lake. The adsorption kinetics of metals on plastic debris were significantly affected by the biofilms, by switching the intraparticle diffusion for virgin plastic debris to film diffusion for the biofilm-covered plastic debris. Moreover, the complexation of functional groups within the biofilms might mainly contribute to the increases of metal adsorption, involving the participation of oxygen and nitrogen groups. Overall, these results suggested that biofilms reinforce the potential role of plastics as a carrier of trace metals in freshwaters.

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17

Adams, Vanessa M., Samantha A. Setterfield, Michael M. Douglas, Mark J. Kennard, and Keith Ferdinands. "Measuring benefits of protected area management: trends across realms and research gaps for freshwater systems." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 370, no. 1681 (November 5, 2015): 20140274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2014.0274.

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Protected areas remain a cornerstone for global conservation. However, their effectiveness at halting biodiversity decline is not fully understood. Studies of protected area benefits have largely focused on measuring their impact on halting deforestation and have neglected to measure the impacts of protected areas on other threats. Evaluations that measure the impact of protected area management require more complex evaluation designs and datasets. This is the case across realms (terrestrial, freshwater, marine), but measuring the impact of protected area management in freshwater systems may be even more difficult owing to the high level of connectivity and potential for threat propagation within systems (e.g. downstream flow of pollution). We review the potential barriers to conducting impact evaluation for protected area management in freshwater systems. We contrast the barriers identified for freshwater systems to terrestrial systems and discuss potential measurable outcomes and confounders associated with protected area management across the two realms. We identify key research gaps in conducting impact evaluation in freshwater systems that relate to three of their major characteristics: variability, connectivity and time lags in outcomes. Lastly, we use Kakadu National Park world heritage area, the largest national park in Australia, as a case study to illustrate the challenges of measuring impacts of protected area management programmes for environmental outcomes in freshwater systems.

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18

Gell, Peter. "Wetland management: preparing for climate and coastal change using adaptation pathways." E3S Web of Conferences 202 (2020): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020201004.

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Freshwater ecosystems are among the most threatened in the world. The list of threatened species in freshwater ecosystems is greater than that in terrestrial or marine systems and freshwater vertebrates are particularly at risk. Freshwater wetlands have evolved in coastal zones protected from tidal influence by barrier dune systems. Similarly, estuaries have supported zones of low salinity diluted by flows from land, but water resource development has limited these flows and driven ecological change in estuarine systems. These historical uses of river flows, and the impacts of catchment development on water quality and yields, have combined to threaten coastal wetland ecosystems. They are now under increasing threat through climate change driven alterations to hydroclimatic conditions, as well an rising sea levels which risk inundation of low lying coastal regions, including wetlands. Coastal freshwater systems offer considerable ecosystem services to human systems and host significant biodiversity assets. These have been subjected to increased risk through catchment and coastal development, but are now acutely threatened through changed river flows and elevated sea levels that result from climate change. Managing these systems requires an adaptation pathways approach that accommodates human needs, and society’s obligations to global biodiversity.

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19

Havens, Karl E., Lorraine Maltby, and Karl K. Ramesh Reddy. "Welcome to Freshwater Systems, A Domain of TheScientificWorld." Scientific World JOURNAL 1 (2001): 117–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2001.18.

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With an ever-increasing human population size, increasing human impacts on the natural environment, and a growing scarcity of freshwater resources, the study of freshwater systems has become one of the most critical areas of focus for environmental scientists. Never before has there been such a need for an integrated understanding of lakes, wetlands, and flowing waters. This understanding must cross the boundaries of traditional disciplines, reach a wide international audience, and strongly facilitate the linkage between scientific discovery and its real-world application.

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20

Asano, Takashi, Rafael Mujeriego, and Judith Dickson Parker. "Evaluation of Industrial Cooling Systems Using Reclaimed Municipal Wastewater." Water Science and Technology 20, no. 10 (October 1, 1988): 163–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1988.0134.

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Evaluation of industrial cooling systems using reclaimed municipal wastewater was made. For an industry, three major conditions which can dictate considerations of water reuse for industrial cooling systems are: 1) scarcity of freshwater supplies, 2) public policy which encourages wastewater reuse, and 3) lower costs than those incurred with freshwater supplies. Several external treatment alternatives are available for the recirculating, evaporative cooling tower operation using reclaimed municipal wastewater (lime clarification, alum precipitation, and/or ion exchange). Internal chemical treatment of cooling tower makeup water is a component common to both freshwater and reclaimed water supplies. In spite of the higher costs of industrial cooling systems using reclaimed municipal wastewater, several conditions encouraging adaptation of wastewater reuse systems for cooling were identified and discussed.

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21

Haaken, Klaus, Gian Piero Deidda, Giorgio Cassiani, Rita Deiana, Mario Putti, Claudio Paniconi, Carlotta Scudeler, and Andreas Kemna. "Flow dynamics in hyper-saline aquifers: hydro-geophysical monitoring and modeling." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 3 (March 9, 2017): 1439–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1439-2017.

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Abstract. Saline–freshwater interaction in porous media is a phenomenon of practical interest particularly for the management of water resources in arid and semi-arid environments, where precious freshwater resources are threatened by seawater intrusion and where storage of freshwater in saline aquifers can be a viable option. Saline–freshwater interactions are controlled by physico-chemical processes that need to be accurately modeled. This in turn requires monitoring of these systems, a non-trivial task for which spatially extensive, high-resolution non-invasive techniques can provide key information. In this paper we present the field monitoring and numerical modeling components of an approach aimed at understanding complex saline–freshwater systems. The approach is applied to a freshwater injection experiment carried out in a hyper-saline aquifer near Cagliari (Sardinia, Italy). The experiment was monitored using time-lapse cross-hole electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). To investigate the flow dynamics, coupled numerical flow and transport modeling of the experiment was carried out using an advanced three-dimensional (3-D) density-driven flow-transport simulator. The simulation results were used to produce synthetic ERT inversion results to be compared against real field ERT results. This exercise demonstrates that the evolution of the freshwater bulb is strongly influenced by the system's (even mild) hydraulic heterogeneities. The example also highlights how the joint use of ERT imaging and gravity-dependent flow and transport modeling give fundamental information for this type of study.

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22

Bănăduc, Doru, Vladica Simić, Kevin Cianfaglione, Sophia Barinova, Sergey Afanasyev, Ahmet Öktener, Grant McCall, Snežana Simić, and Angela Curtean-Bănăduc. "Freshwater as a Sustainable Resource and Generator of Secondary Resources in the 21st Century: Stressors, Threats, Risks, Management and Protection Strategies, and Conservation Approaches." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 24 (December 9, 2022): 16570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416570.

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This paper is a synthetic overview of some of the threats, risks, and integrated water management elements in freshwater ecosystems. The paper provides some discussion of human needs and water conservation issues related to freshwater systems: (1) introduction and background; (2) water basics and natural cycles; (3) freshwater roles in human cultures and civilizations; (4) water as a biosphere cornerstone; (5) climate as a hydrospheric ‘game changer’ from the perspective of freshwater; (6) human-induced stressors’ effects on freshwater ecosystem changes (pollution, habitat fragmentation, etc.); (7) freshwater ecosystems’ biological resources in the context of unsustainable exploitation/overexploitation; (8) invasive species, parasites, and diseases in freshwater systems; (9) freshwater ecosystems’ vegetation; (10) the relationship between human warfare and water. All of these issues and more create an extremely complex matrix of stressors that plays a driving role in changing freshwater ecosystems both qualitatively and quantitatively, as well as their capacity to offer sustainable products and services to human societies. Only internationally integrated policies, strategies, assessment, monitoring, management, protection, and conservation initiatives can diminish and hopefully stop the long-term deterioration of Earth’s freshwater resources and their associated secondary resources.

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23

Alsaman, Ahmed S., Ahmed A. Hassan, Ehab S. Ali, Ramy H. Mohammed, Alaa E. Zohir, Ayman M. Farid, Ayman M. Zakaria Eraqi, Hamdy H. El-Ghetany, and Ahmed A. Askalany. "Hybrid Solar-Driven Desalination/Cooling Systems: Current Situation and Future Trend." Energies 15, no. 21 (October 31, 2022): 8099. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15218099.

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Global warming and climate change, accompanied and assisted by rapid economic and population growth, are causing a sharp rise in cooling demands and stressing the already-limited supply of freshwater for many countries worldwide, especially those developing under hot-climate conditions. Thus, it is imperative to find solutions to meet cooling and freshwater needs without negatively affecting the environment and exacerbating the global warming problem. Solar-driven hybrid desalination/cooling technologies are a promising solution that can help in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing overall efficiency and energy savings. The present study summarizes research efforts in meeting cooling and freshwater demands using the available solar resources. Various solar desalination technologies, such as multi-effect distillation (MED), single and multi-stage flash (MSF), reverse osmosis (RO), adsorption, absorption desalination, and membrane distillation (MD), and their integration with different cooling technologies, are reported. The study reported system performance indicators, such as water production rate, cooling capacity, Coefficient of Performance, and freshwater cost.

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24

Park, Young-Seuk, and Soon-Jin Hwang. "Ecological Monitoring, Assessment, and Management in Freshwater Systems." Water 8, no. 8 (August 1, 2016): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w8080324.

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25

Schiesary, L. "Biodiversity and the ecological integrity of freshwater systems." Toxicology Letters 350 (September 2021): S6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4274(21)00245-9.

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26

Wang, Zhaoqing, Yulan Zhang, Shichang Kang, Ling Yang, Huahong Shi, Lekhendra Tripathee, and Tanguang Gao. "Research progresses of microplastic pollution in freshwater systems." Science of The Total Environment 795 (November 2021): 148888. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148888.

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27

Cumbers, Michelle. "Achieving Sustainable Freshwater Systems: A Web of Connections." Pacific Conservation Biology 11, no. 2 (2005): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc050148.

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The question being asked around the globe is ?how to satisfy the water demands of an everexpanding human population while at the same time protecting the aquatic ecosystems and ecological services upon which all life depends? (p. 1). Achieving Sustainable Freshwater Systems addresses this question with the purpose of encouraging an integrated, cooperative and adaptive approach to sustaining wetlands and water resources.

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28

Williams, Christopher D., Mark T. Aubel, Andrew D. Chapman, and Peter E. D'Aiuto. "Identification of cyanobacterial toxins in Florida's freshwater systems." Lake and Reservoir Management 23, no. 2 (June 2007): 144–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07438140709353917.

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29

Showstack, Randy. "New report indicates global freshwater systems in trouble." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 81, no. 48 (2000): 578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/eo081i048p00578-01.

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30

Li, Chaoran, Rosa Busquets, and Luiza C. Campos. "Assessment of microplastics in freshwater systems: A review." Science of The Total Environment 707 (March 2020): 135578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135578.

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31

Brünjes, Robert, and Thilo Hofmann. "Anthropogenic gadolinium in freshwater and drinking water systems." Water Research 182 (September 2020): 115966. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.115966.

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32

Bizzotto, E. C., S. Villa, and M. Vighi. "POP bioaccumulation in macroinvertebrates of alpine freshwater systems." Environmental Pollution 157, no. 12 (December 2009): 3192–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2009.06.001.

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33

Schot, Paul P. "Achieving Sustainable Freshwater Systems: a web of connections." Ecological Economics 49, no. 1 (May 2004): 110–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2003.11.005.

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34

Boström, Bengt, Gunnar Persson, and Brita Broberg. "Bioavailability of different phosphorus forms in freshwater systems." Hydrobiologia 170, no. 1 (December 1988): 133–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00024902.

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35

Gumbricht, Thomas. "Nutrient removal processes in freshwater submersed macrophyte systems." Ecological Engineering 2, no. 1 (March 1993): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0925-8574(93)90024-a.

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36

Lay, Jan P. "Influence of chemicals upon plankton in freshwater systems." Chemosphere 16, no. 2-3 (1987): 581–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(87)90270-0.

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37

Ohee, Henderite L. "Keanekaragaman Ikan Air Tawar Sistem Sungai Siret dan Vriendschap, Asmat–Papua." JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA 7, no. 2 (July 28, 2018): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31957/jbp.439.

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Geologically southern part of New Guinea Island is the oldest part of the mainland and have most speciose of freshwater fish. Asmat is one area in Southern New Guinea where has some large river systems such as Siret and Vriendschap Rivers. There is not much information on freshwater fish diversity of the area. This study aim to know freshwater fish species of both river systems, in order to manage the area as conservation area by local government. Active fish collection method was applied to sample fish of Siret and Vriendschap River Systems. One seine net, 3.6 m length, 1.23 m in height, and with a mesh size of less than 0.5 cm, and traditional scoop net were used to collect fish. The Siret and Vriendschap freshwater fish fauna consist of 22 species in 18 genera and 15 families. Cochlefelis danielsi (Ariidae), Mogurnda cingulata (Eleotridae), Zenarchopterus novaeguineae (Hemiram-phidae), Melanotaenia ogilbyi (Melanotaenidae), Synaptura villosa (Soleidae) are endemic to Southern New Guinea. Spesifically, Mogurnda cingulata (Banded Gudgeon) and Melanotaenia ogilbyi (Ogilbyi’s Rainbowfish) have restricted distribution in Southern New Guinea. Further research in smaller stream and its tributaries might increase freshwater fish diversity of Asmat.Key words: Southern New Guinea, Asmat, freshwater fish

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38

Mackay, C. F., and D. P. Cyrus. "Is freshwater quality adequately defined by physico-chemical components? Results from two drought-affected estuaries on the east coast of South Africa." Marine and Freshwater Research 52, no. 3 (2001): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf98063.

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From 1992 to 1994 the physico-chemical conditions of two systems on the east coast of southern Africa shifted from estuarine to freshwater as a result of mouth closure during the prevailing drought. Although there was gradual colonization by freshwater benthic invertebrates, both systems were dominated by estuarine benthic infauna. The upper reaches of the Siyaya Estuary were entirely characterized by freshwater taxa (95%) by 1994, whereas Nhlabane Estuary showed a smaller increase in the number of these fauna. Non-metric multidimensional scaling plotted benthic populations as separate groups each year. These groups were not the result of a gradual shift in benthic fauna from an estuarine towards a freshwater bias. Rather, the upper estuarine reaches were dominated by taxa characteristic of freshwater environments, despite similar water quality conditions along all reaches. Three quarters of the zoobenthic communities (expressed as density m–2) were still estuarine in nature. The two populations were comparable to those occurring in nearby freshwater coastal lakes, which have been subject to marine influence in geological history. It was concluded that assessment of the biological component in addition to the physico-chemical properties should be considered when defining water quality in such systems.

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39

dos Reis, Eloisa Borges, Fernanda S. Farnese, Marilene S. Oliveira, Andreia C. M. Rodrigues, Aline S. P. Dornelas, Renato A. Sarmento, João C. P. de Souza, Erika C. Resende, and Althiéris S. Saraiva. "Responses of Freshwater Planarian Girardia tigrina to Fipronil-Based Insecticide: Survival, Behavioral and Physiological Endpoints." Diversity 14, no. 9 (August 23, 2022): 698. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14090698.

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Fipronil is a pyrazole insecticide used to control undesirable insect populations. Due to its large-scale application, there is the potential for surface waters’ contamination, with toxic action for non-target organisms, and consequent impacts on aquatic ecosystems. Planarians are potential non-target aquatic invertebrates to these insecticides. They are widespread in tropical freshwaters and have been proposed as good candidates to assess the toxic effects of freshwater systems contaminated by insecticides. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the sublethal concentrations of a fipronil-based insecticide that may affect the planarian physiology. After chronic exposure to Regent 800 WG®, a significant decrease in locomotor velocity (LOEC—6.25 mg·L−1), regeneration of the auricles and photoreceptors (LOEC—3.13 mg·L−1), and reproduction (fecundity—LOEC 12.5 mg·L−1) were observed. The results of our study demonstrate that long-term exposure to a pyrazole insecticide can compromise non-target aquatic invertebrates while reinforcing the need for a better investigation of complementary parameters (such as behavior, regeneration, and reproduction) for a more accurate risk assessment of commercial pesticide toxicity in freshwater systems.

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Maurer, Holger, and Elmar Buchner. "Fluvial systems of the Upper Freshwater Molasse (North Alpine Foreland Basin, SW-Germany)." Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften 158, no. 2 (June 1, 2007): 249–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/1860-1804/2007/0158-0249.

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Yu, Guopeng, and Zhibin Yu. "Combined Power and Freshwater Generation Driven by Liquid-Dominated Geothermal Sources." Energies 12, no. 8 (April 24, 2019): 1562. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12081562.

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In order to meet the twin challenges of energy shortage and water scarcity in eastern Africa, this paper looks at the feasibilities of using a geothermal water source to produce both fresh water and electricity. In this research, three geothermally sourced combined power and freshwater generation systems are investigated and compared. Two of them are based on traditional power generation systems, including a steam system (SS) and a single-flash system (SFS). The third one is a trilateral flash system (TFS) with a two-phase turbine, which processes the total geofluid flow from the wellhead directly. The power generation potential as well as the condensation process, which produces desalinized freshwater, are investigated for three systems under two typical liquid-dominated well conditions in the Aluto Langano geothermal field in Ethiopia. Results indicate that, suitable total flow turbine efficiency enables the trilateral flash system to be comparable with the steam system and the single-flash system regarding the power generation, especially when the well flow is more liquid dominated. Moreover, freshwater generation is a distinct advantage of the trilateral flash system, and its freshwater output can reach up to be 2.7 times higher than those of traditional systems, making it a promising solution for combined power and freshwater generation.

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Ninokawa, Aaron T., and Justin Ries. "Responses of Freshwater Calcifiers to Carbon-Dioxide-Induced Acidification." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 8 (August 4, 2022): 1068. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10081068.

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Increased anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere can enter surface waters and depress pH. In marine systems, this phenomenon, termed ocean acidification (OA), can modify a variety of physiological, ecological, and chemical processes. Shell-forming organisms are particularly sensitive to this chemical shift, though responses vary amongst taxa. Although analogous chemical changes occur in freshwater systems via absorption of CO2 into lakes, rivers, and streams, effects on freshwater calcifiers have received far less attention, despite the ecological importance of these organisms to freshwater systems. We exposed four common and widespread species of freshwater calcifiers to a range of pCO2 conditions to determine how CO2-induced reductions in freshwater pH impact calcium carbonate shell formation. We incubated the signal crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus, the Asian clam, Corbicula fluminea, the montane pea clam, Pisidium sp., and the eastern pearlshell mussel, Margaritifera margaritifera, under low pCO2 conditions (pCO2 = 616 ± 151 µatm; pH = 7.91 ± 0.11), under moderately elevated pCO2 conditions (pCO2 = 1026 ± 239 uatm; pH = 7.67 ± 0.10), and under extremely elevated pCO2 conditions (pCO2 = 2380 ± 693 uatm; pH = 7.32 ± 0.12). Three of these species exhibited a negative linear response to increasing pCO2 (decreasing pH), while the fourth, the pea clam, exhibited a parabolic response. Additional experiments revealed that feeding rates of the crayfish decreased under the highest pCO2 treatment, potentially contributing to or driving the negative calcification response of the crayfish to elevated pCO2 by depriving them of energy needed for biocalcification. These results highlight the potential for freshwater taxa to be deleteriously impacted by increased atmospheric pCO2, the variable nature of these responses, and the need for further study of this process in freshwater systems.

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Tsolakis, Naoum, Eirini Aivazidou, and Jagjit Singh Srai. "Sensor Applications in Agrifood Systems: Current Trends and Opportunities for Water Stewardship." Climate 7, no. 3 (March 20, 2019): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli7030044.

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Growing global food demand and security concerns dictate the need for state-of-the-art food production technologies to increase farming efficiency. Concurrently, freshwater overexploitation in agriculture, especially in arid and water-scarce areas, emphasises the vital role of appropriate water-saving irrigations techniques to ensure natural resources sustainability in food supply networks. In line with the development of automated systems, the use of sensors for water monitoring, indicatively in the cases of smart farming or precision agriculture, could further promote the preservation of freshwater resources. To this end, this research first provides a review of sensor applications for improving sustainability in agrifood systems. We then focus on digital technologies applied for monitoring and assessing freshwater utilisation in the food commodities sector based on academic literature and real-world business evidence. A contextual map is developed for capturing the main technical, environmental and economic factors affecting the selection of sensors for water monitoring and stewardship during agricultural production. This first-effort framework, in terms of sensor-based freshwater monitoring, aims at supporting the agrifood system’s decision makers to identify the optimal sensor applications for improving sustainability and water efficiency in agricultural operations.

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Knip, Danielle M., Michelle R. Heupel, Colin A. Simpfendorfer, Andrew J. Tobin, and James Moloney. "Wet-season effects on the distribution of juvenile pigeye sharks, Carcharhinus amboinensis, in tropical nearshore waters." Marine and Freshwater Research 62, no. 6 (2011): 658. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf10136.

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Tropical nearshore environments are highly dynamic systems owing to extreme freshwater flow and flooding episodes that occur in wet-season months. We hypothesised that juvenile sharks in tropical nearshore waters respond to seasonal freshwater inflow by moving away from areas of strong flow. An array of fifty-eight acoustic receivers deployed in Cleveland Bay, north Queensland, Australia, passively tracked thirty-two juvenile pigeye sharks, Carcharhinus amboinensis, throughout two wet seasons from 2008 to 2010. Influences associated with wet seasons appeared to play a role in habitat use by juvenile C. amboinensis in this region. Home ranges and distribution of individuals showed distinct changes, with individuals moving north away from sources of freshwater inflow during high flows. The location of individuals within the bay was strongly influenced by freshwater inflow in both years. Although juvenile C. amboinensis moved in response to freshwater inflow, home-range sizes remained stable, and the amount of space individuals used did not change in relation to freshwater inflow. By defining the response of juvenile sharks to highly variable freshwater flow events, this research provides useful information for understanding species behaviour in a dynamic and changing climate, and contributes towards effective management of tropical river systems.

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Glöckner, Frank Oliver, Bernhard M. Fuchs, and Rudolf Amann. "Bacterioplankton Compositions of Lakes and Oceans: a First Comparison Based on Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, no. 8 (August 1, 1999): 3721–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.8.3721-3726.1999.

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ABSTRACT Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes was used to investigate the phylogenetic composition of bacterioplankton communities in several freshwater and marine samples. An average of about 50% of the cells were detected by probes for the domains Bacteria and Archaea, and of these, about half could be identified at the subdomain level with a set of group-specific probes. Beta subclass proteobacteria constituted a dominant fraction in freshwater systems, accounting for 16% (range, 3 to 32%) of the cells, although they were essentially absent in the marine samples examined. Members of theCytophaga-Flavobacterium cluster were the most abundant group detected in the marine systems, accounting for 18% (range, 2 to 72%) of the 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) counts, and they were also important in freshwater systems (7%, range 0 to 18%). Furthermore, members of the alpha and gamma subclasses ofProteobacteria as well as members of thePlanctomycetales were detected in both freshwater and marine water in abundances <7%.

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van Kessel, Maartje A. H. J., Harry R. Harhangi, Gert Flik, Mike S. M. Jetten, Peter H. M. Klaren, and Huub J. M. Op den Camp. "Anammox bacteria in different compartments of recirculating aquaculture systems." Biochemical Society Transactions 39, no. 6 (November 21, 2011): 1817–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20110743.

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Strict environmental restrictions force the aquaculture industry to guarantee optimal water quality for fish production in a sustainable manner. The implementation of anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) in biofilters would result in the conversion of both ammonium and nitrite (both toxic to aquatic animals) into harmless dinitrogen gas. Both marine and freshwater aquaculture systems contain populations of anammox bacteria. These bacteria are also present in the faeces of freshwater and marine fish. Interestingly, a new planctomycete species appears to be present in these recirculation systems too. Further exploitation of anammox bacteria in different compartments of aquaculture systems can lead to a more environmentally friendly aquaculture practice.

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Brown, Randy J., and Kenneth P. Severin. "Otolith chemistry analyses indicate that water Sr:Ca is the primary factor influencing otolith Sr:Ca for freshwater and diadromous fish but not for marine fish." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 66, no. 10 (October 2009): 1790–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f09-112.

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Water chemistry is thought to be the primary factor influencing fish otolith chemistry. Experimental results with freshwater and diadromous fish have been consistent with this paradigm, but with marine fish, they have often been ambiguous or contradictory. A review of water chemistry data indicated that Sr:Ca (mmol:mol) levels were higher in marine water than in most freshwater systems and that Sr:Ca variability was lower in marine water than in most freshwater systems. We therefore hypothesized that lifetime otolith Sr:Ca profiles of freshwater fish would exhibit low levels of Sr:Ca with moderate variability, of diadromous fish would exhibit highly variable Sr:Ca levels, and of marine fish would exhibit high levels of Sr:Ca with low variability. Otolith Sr:Ca profiles from 81 species of freshwater, diadromous, and marine fish revealed that freshwater fish had low levels of Sr:Ca and lower variability than expected relative to marine fish, diadromous fish had Sr:Ca levels and variability that were consistent with expectations, and marine fish had high maximum Sr:Ca levels, as expected, and high Sr:Ca variability, similar in magnitude to diadromous fish, which was not expected. These findings indicate that water Sr:Ca is the primary factor influencing otolith Sr:Ca variation for freshwater and diadromous fish but not for marine fish.

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Grant, Alastair, S. Tuljapurkar, and H. Caswell. "Structured-Population Models in Marine, Terrestrial and Freshwater Systems." Journal of Applied Ecology 34, no. 5 (October 1997): 1324. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2405246.

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de Jesus Gregersen, Kim João, Lars-Flemming Pedersen, Per Bovbjerg Pedersen, Elisavet Syropoulou, and Johanne Dalsgaard. "Foam fractionation and ozonation in freshwater recirculation aquaculture systems." Aquacultural Engineering 95 (November 2021): 102195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2021.102195.

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Stoica, Catalina, Daniela Ionica, Lucian Ionescu, Daniel Mitru, Stefania Gheorghe, Alina Roxana Banciu, Irina Lucaciu, and Mihai Nita-Lazar. "Alternative methods to detect biological communities in freshwater systems." SIMI 2019, Abstract Book, SIMI 2019 (September 20, 2019): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21698/simi.2019.ab23.

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