Relevant bibliographies by topics / Freshwater systems

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Freshwater systems'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Freshwater systems"

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Banas, D., G. Masson, L. Leglize, and J. C. Pihan. "Temporal variations of sedimentation in shallow freshwater systems." Fundamental and Applied Limnology 153, no. 4 (April 9, 2002): 623–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/archiv-hydrobiol/153/2002/623.

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Emmerton, Craig A., Vincent L. St. Louis, Igor Lehnherr, Jennifer A. Graydon, Jane L. Kirk, and Kimberly J. Rondeau. "The importance of freshwater systems to the net atmospheric exchange of carbon dioxide and methane with a rapidly changing high Arctic watershed." Biogeosciences 13, no. 20 (October 26, 2016): 5849–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5849-2016.

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Abstract. A warming climate is rapidly changing the distribution and exchanges of carbon within high Arctic ecosystems. Few data exist, however, which quantify exchange of both carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) between the atmosphere and freshwater systems, or estimate freshwater contributions to total catchment exchange of these gases, in the high Arctic. During the summers of 2005 and 2007–2012, we quantified CO2 and CH4 concentrations in, and atmospheric exchange with, common freshwater systems in the high Arctic watershed of Lake Hazen, Nunavut, Canada. We identified four types of biogeochemically distinct freshwater systems in the watershed; however mean CO2 concentrations (21–28 µmol L−1) and atmospheric exchange (−0.013 to +0.046 g C–CO2 m−2 day−1) were similar between these systems. Seasonal flooding of ponds bordering Lake Hazen generated considerable CH4 emissions to the atmosphere (+0.008 g C–CH4 m−2 day−1), while all other freshwater systems were minimal emitters of this gas (< +0.001 g C–CH4 m−2 day−1). When using ecosystem-cover classification mapping and data from previous studies, we found that freshwaters were unimportant contributors to total watershed carbon exchange, in part because they covered less than 10 % of total area in the watershed. High Arctic watersheds are experiencing warmer and wetter climates than in the past, which may have implications for moisture availability, landscape cover, and the exchange of CO2 and CH4 of underproductive but expansive polar semidesert ecosystems.
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Showstack, Randy. "Freshwater systems threatened, report charges." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 83, no. 7 (2002): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/eo083i007p00062-03.

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OKAMURA, BETH, and STEPHEN W. FEIST. "Emerging diseases in freshwater systems." Freshwater Biology 56, no. 4 (February 16, 2011): 627–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2011.02578.x.

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Sheath, Robert G. "Algal Ecology: Freshwater Benthic Systems." Phycologia 36, no. 4 (July 1997): 331–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-36-4-331.1.

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Spears, Bryan M., and Stephen C. Maberly. "Lessons learned from geoengineering freshwater systems." Nature Climate Change 4, no. 11 (October 29, 2014): 935–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2412.

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Havens, Karl E. "The International Editorship of Freshwater Systems." Scientific World JOURNAL 1 (2001): 458–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2001.78.

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It is my pleasure to announce that two distinguished internationalscientists have joined the editorship of the FreshwaterSystems domain of TheScientificWorldJOURNAL — Professor BrijGopal of Jawaharlal Nehru University (India) and Dr. Manual Gra柠of the Universityof Coimbra (Portugal). Professor Gopal is the Secretary General of the NationalInstitute of Ecology, Editor of the InternationalJournal of Ecology & Environmental Science,and Chairman of the SIL (International Association of Theoretical and AppliedLimnology) Committee on Limnology in Developing Countries. His research interestsinclude the ecology, biogeochemistry and biodiversity of wetland ecosystems,the management of wetlands as an integral part of the watershed, and wetlandwater policy–related issues. Dr. Gra柠is a stream ecologist whose researchinterests include the two general areas of organic matter decomposition andbiological monitoring. His specific areas of research focus include quantificationof organic matter and other chemical changes in decomposing leaves, the ecologyof aquatic hyphomycetes, and the ecology of animals feeding on detritus. Hisresearch dealing with biological monitoring is carried out in close cooperationwith the paper and mining industries, facilitating the practical applicationof his work.
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Štajduhar, Andrija, and Adriana Lipovac. "On Fluid Dynamics of Freshwater and Seawater in Marine Systems." Naše more 63, no. 1 (March 2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.17818/nm/2016/1.1.

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Carvalho, Lucélia Nobre, Rafael Arruda, and Jansen Zuanon. "Record of cleaning behavior by Platydoras costatus (Siluriformes: Doradidae) in the Amazon Basin, Brazil." Neotropical Ichthyology 1, no. 2 (December 2003): 137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252003000200009.

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Records of cleaning symbiosis between freshwater fish are scarce. Here we report on juvenile catfish, Platydoras costatus, cleaning the piscivorous characin Hoplias cf. malabaricus in a stream of the rio Araguaia drainage in the Brazilian Amazon. The scarcity of records on cleaning behavior in freshwater systems seems to be in part a consequence of the few observational studies under natural conditions in the Neotropics. Otherwise, the rareness of this behavior in freshwaters is possibly related to the short evolutionary time available to the fish fauna to develop these complex interactions, when compared to the ocean environment.
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Yu, Ao, J. Trevor Vannatta, Stephanie O. Gutierrez, and Dennis J. Minchella. "Opportunity or catastrophe? effect of sea salt on host-parasite survival and reproduction." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, no. 2 (February 24, 2022): e0009524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009524.

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Seawater intrusion associated with decreasing groundwater levels and rising seawater levels may affect freshwater species and their parasites. While brackish water certainly impacts freshwater systems globally, its impact on disease transmission is largely unknown. This study examined the effect of artificial seawater on host-parasite interactions using a freshwater snail host, Biomphalaria alexandrina, and the human trematode parasite Schistosoma mansoni. To evaluate the impact of increasing salinity on disease transmission four variables were analyzed: snail survival, snail reproduction, infection prevalence, and the survival of the parasite infective stage (cercariae). We found a decrease in snail survival, snail egg mass production, and snail infection prevalence as salinity increases. However, cercarial survival peaked at an intermediate salinity value. Our results suggest that seawater intrusion into freshwaters has the potential to decrease schistosome transmission to humans.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Freshwater systems"

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Klein, Sascha. "Microplastics in Freshwater Systems." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-200861.

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Synthetic polymers are one of the most significant pollutants in the aquatic environment, because of abilities such as buoyancy and extreme persistency. Serious effects are expected from so-called microplastics (particle size <5 mm) that are reported in rivers, lakes as well as the ocean and that accumulate in sediments worldwide. In this thesis the abundance of microplastics in river shore sediments in the Rhine-Main area of Germany was studied. Therefore, a new method was developed that is based on a sodium chloride density separation with subsequent destruction of natural debris, and identification of the plastic particles by microscopy or Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Using the improved density separation, microplastics were separated from river shore sediments of 12 sites originating from the river Rhine, the river Main, and the stream Schwarzbach. Large amounts of microplastic particles of up to 1 g kg-1 or up to 4000 particles kg-1 were detected in the shore sediments. The identification by FTIR showed that polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene were the most abundant polymer types in the sediments, covering over 75% of all plastics identified. Transport of microplastics from tributaries to main streams was indicated by the detection of identical pellets in the River Rhine and in the Main mouth. Comparable concentrations detected by sampling one site over a period of two years suggest a constant pollution of the river shore sediments with microplastics. For deeper insights into the sorption process of organic contaminants to synthetic polymers in freshwater systems, batch experiments in synthetic freshwater were conducted to determine sorption kinetics and sorption isotherms for four selected glass state polymers (polycarbonate, poly(methyl methacrylate), polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride) and six different model substances (carbamazepine, hexachlorocyclohexane (β/γ), 17α-ethynilestradiol, chlorpyrifos, and o,p-dichlorodiphenyltrichlorethane). Sorption to the polymer particles was observed for all contaminants increasing with the KOW values of the contaminants. Because of losses of contaminants in control samples, sorption reaction models could be applied to four out of six contaminants, and isotherms were calculated for three contaminants. Furthermore, influences of the different polymer types used were observed in the experiments. Finally, microplastics separated from sediments were extracted and analyzed by GC/MS and LC-MS/MS using target screening methods and non-target approaches. Different pesticides were identified in the polymer particles, suggesting that microplastics can act as a sink for hydrophobic contaminants. Moreover, several plastic additives such as phthalates or chlorinated flame retardants were identified. For this reason, it is very likely that microplastics act as a direct source for these chemicals in aquatic systems. The results of this thesis stress the urgency for the mitigation of the plastic particles in the aquatic environment.
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Manolopoulos, Helen. "Metal sulfides in oxidizing freshwater systems /." *McMaster only, 2001.

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Rodrigues, Mariana Oliveira. "Impacts of microplastics in freshwater systems." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/21469.

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Mestrado em Toxicologia e Ecotoxicologia
Plastics, in particular microplastics (particles with dimensions < 5 mm), are a widespread and persistent pollutant constituting an emerging scientific and societal issue. Its characteristics allied to an inadequate management contributes to their accumulation in aquatic systems, reaching high densities. Moreover, they can also interact with environment affecting economy, human health and aesthetics. However, most of scientific studies have been focused in marine environment while scarce knowledge exists regarding freshwater systems, including in Portugal. Hence, this study aimed to contribute to fill this gap of information both in uniformization of methodologies of isolation of microplastics (MPs) in water samples as well as on the MPs’ characterization in a Portuguese freshwater system. Thus, the first part of this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of distinct separation methods including density separation methods (sucrose, olive oil and zinc chloride) as well as organic matter degradation methods (hydrogen peroxide and multienzymatic detergent). For that, artificial samples containing the eleven most common types of plastics were prepared, subjected to the different methods and then polymers were detected, quantified and identified using a stereoscope microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Among the several tested methods, the most cost-effective was the method of wet peroxide oxidation with addition of zinc chloride. Hence, this study highlights the importance of the use of zinc chloride both in the processing of sediment and water samples. In a following step, the abundance and distribution of MPs in the water and sediment of Antuã river were determined by applying the separation method identified as the most effective previously. The abundance of MPs in water varied from 5 – 8.3 mg m-3 or 58 – 193 items m-3 in March and from 5.8 – 51.7 mg m-3 or 71 – 1265 items m-3 in October. In sediments, the abundance of MPs varied from 13.5 – 52.7 mg kg-1 or 100 – 629 items kg-1 in March and from 2.6 – 71.4 mg kg-1 or 18 – 514 items kg-1 in October. It shows that this river is severely impacted by MPs, in orders similar to that found in marine/coastal environments. A spatial and temporal variation was observed dependent on seasonal conditions, flow velocity and anthropogenic pressure. Thus, this study emphasizes the importance of rivers as carriage systems of MPs, and highlight the potential impacts of MPs as emerging contaminants on freshwater systems.
Os plásticos, em particular os microplásticos (partículas com dimensões <5 mm), são poluentes ubíquos e persistentes que constituem uma preocupação científica e social emergente. As suas características, aliadas a uma gestão inadequada, contribuíram para a sua acumulação nos sistemas aquáticos, podendo atingir elevadas densidades. Estas partículas podem interagir com o ambiente, afetando a economia, a saúde humana e a estética. No entanto, a maioria dos estudos científicos tem-se focado no ambiente marinho, sendo o conhecimento sobre os sistemas de água doce escasso, incluindo em Portugal. Deste modo, este trabalho pretende contribuir para esta lacuna de informação, tanto ao nível da uniformização de metodologias de isolamento de microplásticos (MPs) em amostras de água como na caracterização de MPs num sistema de água doce português. Assim, numa primeira fase este estudo pretendeu avaliar a eficácia de diferentes métodos de separação, incluindo métodos de separação por densidade (açúcar, azeite e cloreto de zinco), bem como métodos de degradação de matéria orgânica (peróxido de hidrogénio e detergente multienzimático). Neste sentido, amostras artificiais contendo onze tipos de plásticos pertencentes aos polímeros mais comuns foram preparadas e submetidas aos diferentes métodos, procedendo-se posteriormente à quantificação e identificação dos polímeros usando um microscópio estereoscópico e um espectroscópio de infravermelhos com transformada de Fourier (FTIR). De entre os vários métodos testados, aquele que revelou o melhor custo-eficácia foi o método da oxidação com peróxido de hidrogénio e adição de cloreto de zinco. Este estudo enfatiza a importância do uso do cloreto de zinco tanto no processamento de amostras de sedimento como de água. Numa fase seguinte do estudo, determinou-se a abundância e distribuição de MPs na água e sedimento do rio Antuã, aplicando o método de separação identificado como o mais eficaz anteriormente. A abundância de MPs nas amostras de água variou entre 5 – 8.3 mg m-3 ou 58 – 193 items m-3 em Março e entre 5.8 – 51.7 mg m-3 ou 71 – 1265 items m-3 em Outubro. No sedimento, a abundância de MPs variou entre 13.5 – 52.7 mg kg-1 ou 100 – 629 items kg-1 em Março e entre 2.6 – 71.4 mg kg-1 ou 18 – 514 items kg-1 em Outubro. Estes resultados demonstram que este rio está severamente impactado por MPs, com valores semelhantes aos encontrados em sistemas marinhos/costeiros. Foi ainda observada uma variação espacial e temporal, dependente da estação do ano, do caudal do rio e da pressão antropogénica. Deste modo, este estudo vem enfatizar a importância dos rios como sistemas de transporte de MPs e realçar os potenciais impactos dos MPs como contaminantes emergentes nos ecossistemas aquáticos dulçaquícolas.
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Palmer-Felgate, Elizabeth Jane. "Biogeochemical controls on phosphorus dynamics in freshwater systems." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.536096.

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Peters, Michael Steven. "Temporal impacts of volcanic ash in freshwater systems." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Sciences, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7639.

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Volcanic ash can cause acidification and metal contamination of freshwater systems. Shmt-te1m chemical and pH fluxes in water have been attributed to dissolution of the ash surface film while dissolution of the glassy matrix has been linked to metal input over longer time periods. The rate at which ash surface film and glassy matrix dissolution occurs and the associated impact of ash to freshwater pH and chemistry over time has not previously been established. The influence of volcanic ash BET surface area on initial pH fluxes and metal dissolution rates in freshwater systems was investigated using pristine basaltic-andesite volcanic ashes from Mt. Ruapehu (New Zealand), Mt. Sakurajima (Japan) and Soufriere Hills (Montserrat). The aim of this study was to investigate the bi-temporal hazard of volcanic ash in freshwater systems including freshwater drinking-water supplies. All ashes provided an immediate pH decrease to water that was directly related to sulphur concentrations released from ash surface film (p < 0.02). The maximum pH decrease was observed after 2.5 minutes. The rate of change was independent of ash surface area due to the high solubility of the surface film. Initial pH decreases for all ashes were transient with the degree of acidification lessening following surface film removal via water rinse(s) and time in solution. The rapid rate of dissolution means in 'real-world' settings the surface film will be removed within the upper layer of a water body and will only provide a shmt-te1m source of acidification and chemical contamination. Release rates for (Al, Mn and As) from the glassy matrix of ashes over longer-time periods (0-1 00 hours) were dependent on BET surface area and ash to water ratios for each ash. The influence of differing physical and chemical characteristics between the three ashes, however, prevented surface area being used as a proxy for all dissolution rates. The metal release rates were used to calculate the time needed for the drinking water quality guidelines to be exceeded under three different ashfall scenarios. Using the derived metal release rates for the Mt Ruapehu Ash, Al was the element most likely to exceed the drinking water standards. This exceedance can be attributed to the relatively fast release rate (Al 10.4 flg h -I m-2 ) and high concentration within the ash (14% by weight). An ashfall of 1 Omm would result in exceedances of the drinking water standards for AI in the Waitakere and Hays Creek Reservoirs (Auckland city water supply) after ~8 hours.
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Sanchez, Montelongo Jessica Lynn. "The Adaptive Evolution of Herbivory in Freshwater Systems." FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3813.

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Herbivory is thought to be nutritionally inefficient relative to carnivory and omnivory. But, herbivory evolved from carnivory in many lineages, suggesting that there are advantages to eating plants. To understand the adaptive significance of the transition from carnivory to herbivory, I proposed five hypotheses for the adaptive evolution of herbivory and reviewed the current freshwater literature to identify conditions where eating plants might be adaptive over eating animals. I tested three of these ideas (Suboptimal Habitat, Heterotroph Facilitation, and Lipid Allocation) using the herbivorous Sailfin Molly (Poecilia latipinna)and identified each as a potential mechanism for the evolution of herbivory. To understand the origins of herbivory in Sailfin Mollies, I reconstructed ancestral habitats and dietsacross a phylogeny of the genus Poeciliaand then used phylogenetically independent contrasts to identify patterns of diet evolution. I found that the degree of herbivory increases with increasing salinity affiliation, suggesting that in this genus, herbivory evolved as an adaptation for invading less productive saline habitats from freshwaters. This result is consistent with the Suboptimal Habitat hypothesis, which states that herbivory allows organisms to invade and persist in ‘suboptimal’ habitats. To understand how herbivory is maintained in extant populations, I raised juvenile Sailfin Mollies in mesocosms and enclosure cages placed in the Everglades to document that dietary autotrophic lipids play a role in early life history by supporting rapid growth (Lipid Allocation). However, dietary bacterial fatty acids promoted fish survival, consistent with the Heterotroph Facilitation hypothesis, which states that indirect detritivory supplements the herbivorous diet. Finally, I quantified periphyton quality/availability and consumer density across the Everglades landscape to examine the correlates of trophic dynamics in nature. Results revealed that herbivores can persist in diverse habitats and survive on varying resources when habitats are unfavorable, supporting the Suboptimal Habitat hypothesis.
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She, Nian. "Chaos in aquatic systems /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6370.

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Wagner, Sasha. "Black Carbon: Sources, Mobility and Fate in Freshwater Systems." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2213.

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Black carbon (BC) is a complex mixture of polycondensed aromatic compounds produced by the incomplete combustion of biomass during events such as wildfires and the burning of fossil fuels. Black carbon was initially considered to be a refractory form of organic matter. However, recent studies have shown that BC can be quite mobile and reactive in the terrestrial environment. Black carbon can be translocated from soils and sediments in the form of dissolved BC (DBC). A global correlation between DBC and bulk dissolved organic carbon (DOC) has been established for fluvial systems where DBC comprises approximately 10% of the total DOC pool, which suggests that DBC may be a significant contributor to the global carbon cycle. The primary objective of this thesis was to further characterize DBC and elucidate some of the specific physical and chemical processes that promote its transfer to the aqueous phase and drive the DBC-DOC relationship. The molecular composition and qualitative distribution of DBC was assessed using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Black carbon in both dissolved and particulate (PBC) phases was quantified by the benzenepolycarboxylic acid method. Dissolved BC was found to contain considerable amounts of nitrogen and the export of this dissolved black nitrogen was linked to watershed land use in global rivers. The riverine flux of PBC, a previously unstudied BC removal mechanism, was significantly increased by local wildfire activity. However in-stream DBC did not appear to be affected by short-term fire events. Once translocated to surface waters, DBC is susceptible to photodegradative processes. Dissolved BC in high molecular weight DOC fractions was more photoreactive than DBC associated with lower molecular weight fractions. In the coming decades, wildfire frequency is expected to increase with climate change and natural lands will continue to be altered for anthropogenic use. These processes have already been shown to significantly impact the composition of DOC and associated DBC exported to inland waters. The quality of DBC influences its stability in soil and resistance to degradation. Therefore, it is essential that we aim to fully understand DBC dynamics in natural systems in order to assess its contribution to global carbon cycling.
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Martin, Grant Douglas. "Drivers of macrophyte assemblages in South African freshwater systems." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004127.

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Potentially damaging submerged invasive freshwater macrophytes have been identified in South African freshwater systems, but have received less attention than their floating counterparts. To ascertain the changes and effects that these species may have on macrophyte ecology, an understanding of the drivers of macrophyte assemblages is essential. The aims of this thesis were to investigate select abiotic and biotic factors driving introduction, establishment and spread of submerged macrophytes in South Africa. Surveys on the status of submerged plant species in South Africa were conducted to find out the distribution and diversity of the species present, imported to, and traded in South Africa. Numerous submerged indigenous and invasive macrophyte locality records were collected during field surveys, of which many were first time records. Pet stores and aquarist trading activities were identified as potential vectors for the spread of submerged macrophytes through online surveys and personal interviews. These results highlighted the potential these species have for continuing to enter, and spread within South African water bodies. Maximum Entropy (MAXENT) is a general-purpose method used to predict or infer distributions from incomplete information, and was used here to predict areas suitable for the establishment of five of these invasive macrophytes. Many systems throughout South Africa, particularly those in the subtropical coastal regions, were found to be climatically suitable for the establishment of Elodea canadensis Michx., Egeria densa Planch., Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle (all Hydrocharitaceae), Myriophyllum spicatum L. (Haloragaceae), and Cabomba caroliniana Gray (Cabombaceae). Despite the high probability of invasion, facilitated by vectors and suitable climate, South Africa’s rich indigenous submerged aquatic flora may be preventing the establishment of these submerged invasive species. Studies on the competitive interactions between a common indigenous submerged macrophytes, Lagarosiphon major (Roxb.) (Hydrocharitaceae) and M.spicatum, an invasive native to Eurasia, were conducted to ascertain which conditions influence competitive superiority. High sediment nutrient conditions significantly increased the growth rate and competitive ability of both species, while clay sediments significantly increased the competitive ability of L. major over M. spicatum, but sandy sediments improved the competitive ability of M. spicatum. These results highlighted the dynamic changes in competition between submerged species driven by abiotic factors, but did not take into consideration the effect that herbivory, a biotic factor, could have on competition between the two species. The effect of herbivory by phytophagous insects of submerged plant species has been regarded as negligible. To find out what this effect is, multiple field surveys were undertaken throughout South Africa to find natural enemies of indigenous Lagarosiphon species with the aim of identifying such species, and quantifying their influence on plant growth dynamics. Several new phytophagous species were recorded for the first time. An ephydrid fly, Hydrellia lagarosiphon Deeming (Diptera: Ephydridae) was ascertained to be the most ubiquitous and abundant species associated with L. major in South Africa. The influence of herbivory by this fly on the competitive ability of L. major in the presence of M. spicatum was investigated using an inverse linear model, which showed that herbivory by H. lagarosiphon reduced the competitive ability of L. major by approximately five times in favour of M. spicatum. This study served to highlight the importance of herbivory as a driver of submerged aquatic plant dynamics. Current ecological theory emphasises the importance of investigating beyond plant-herbivore interactions, by including multitrophic interactions in community dynamics. Therefore, the potential of parasitism by a parasitoid wasp, Chaenusa luteostigma sp. n. Achterberg (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) on H. lagarosiphon to shift the competitive interactions between the two plant species was also examined. The addition of the parasitoid reduced the effect of herbivory by the fly on L. major by half, thereby shifting the competitive balance in favour of L. major over M. spicatum. This study provides valuable insight into a selection of drivers of submerged macrophyte assemblages of South Africa. It highlights the precarious position of South African freshwater systems with regard to the potential invasion by damaging submerged invasive species. It also provides interesting insights into the effect of competition, herbivory and parasitism on the establishment and spread of species within submerged freshwater systems. Understanding the different influences could assist managers and policy makers to make validated decisions ensuring the integrity of South African freshwater systems.
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Knights, Deon Hanley. "The Fate of Nutrients in Two Coastal Freshwater Systems." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu159494472722077.

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Books on the topic "Freshwater systems"

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Spellman, Frank R. Contaminated Sediments in Freshwater Systems. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2016. | “A CRC title.”: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315367026.

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Desonie, Dana. Hydrosphere: Freshwater systems and pollution. New York: Chelsea House, 2007.

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name, No. Achieving sustainable freshwater systems: A web of connections. Washington, DC: Island Press, 2003.

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Branch, Ontario Water Resources. Chrysophyte blooms in the plankton and neuston of marine and freshwater systems. Toronto: Queen's Printer for Ontario, 1992.

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Peters, Monica. Wetland restoration: A handbook for New Zealand freshwater systems. Lincoln, N.Z: Manaaki Whenua Press, 2010.

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Tuljapurkar, Shripad, and Hal Caswell, eds. Structured-Population Models in Marine, Terrestrial, and Freshwater Systems. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5973-3.

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Diana, James S. Production systems for commonly cultured freshwater fishes of southeast Asia. Ann Arbor, Mich: University of Michigan, Great Lakes and Marine Waters Center, 1985.

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Great Britain. Standing Committee of Analysts., ed. Methods of biological sampling: Sampling macro-invertebrates in water supply systems, 1983. London: H.M.S.O., 1985.

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Office, Canada National Guidelines and Standards. Canadian guidance framework for the management of phosphorus in freshwater systems. Ottawa: Environment Canada, National Guidelines and Standards Office, 2004.

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Bunker, Deborah Joy. Sorption kinetics of Co, Sr, Ru and Cs in freshwater systems. Manchester: University of Manchester, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Freshwater systems"

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Ndehedehe, Christopher. "Global Freshwater Systems." In Satellite Remote Sensing of Terrestrial Hydrology, 19–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99577-5_2.

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Olsen, Alexander Arnfinn. "Freshwater generation." In Introduction to Ship Engine Room Systems, 281–83. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003321095-25.

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Raza, Asif. "Microplastics in Freshwater Systems." In Analysis of Nanoplastics and Microplastics in Food, 205–18. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2020. | Series: Food analysis and properties: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429469596-12.

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Lam, Mimi E. "Aboriginal freshwater fisheries as resilient social-ecological systems." In Freshwater Fisheries Ecology, 422–37. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118394380.ch34.

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Worrest, Robert C. "Aquatic Systems (Freshwater and Marine)." In Stratospheric Ozone Depletion/UV-B Radiation in the Biosphere, 151–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78884-0_17.

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Schmidt-Kloiber, Astrid, and Aaike De Wever. "Biodiversity and Freshwater Information Systems." In Riverine Ecosystem Management, 391–412. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73250-3_20.

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Boström, Bengt, Gunnar Persson, and Brita Broberg. "Bioavailability of Different Phosphorus Forms in Freshwater Systems." In Phosphorus in Freshwater Ecosystems, 133–55. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3109-1_9.

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Paris, Jack F. "Remote Sensing Applications for Freshwater Systems." In Global Climate Change and Freshwater Ecosystems, 261–84. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2814-1_13.

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Perschbacher, Peter W. "Sustainability Needs and Challenges: Freshwater Systems." In Tilapia in Intensive Co-culture, 114–28. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118970652.ch8.

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Maier, Kurt J., and Allen W. Knight. "Ecotoxicology of Selenium in Freshwater Systems." In Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 31–48. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7068-0_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Freshwater systems"

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Hua Cai and Ming Xu. "Assessing clean vehicle systems under constraints of freshwater resource." In 2012 IEEE International Symposium on Sustainable Systems and Technology (ISSST 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/issst.2012.6228018.

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Druschel, Greg, John Shukle, Martin Kurek, Austin Wilkes, Donald Nuzzio, and Andrew Schroth. "Biogeochemical Dynamics of Iron Minerals Controlling Transport and Bioavailability in Freshwater Systems." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.612.

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Matolak, David W., and Ruoyu Sun. "Air-ground channel characterization for unmanned aircraft systems: The over-freshwater setting." In 2014 Integrated Communications, Navigation and Surveillance Conference (ICNS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icnsurv.2014.6819996.

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Edwards, Jaydee, and Reto Gieré. "CHARACTERIZATION AND FATE OF MICROPLASTICS AS EMERGING CONTAMINANTS IN PHILADELPHIA’S FRESHWATER SYSTEMS." In GSA Connects 2021 in Portland, Oregon. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2021am-369480.

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Jun, Zhang, Li XiaoYu, Wang Wei, and Zhou Zhu. "Determination of Freshness of Freshwater Fish Based on BP-ANN and Bio-impedance Characteristics." In 2009 WRI Global Congress on Intelligent Systems. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gcis.2009.39.

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Karbassian, Samira, and Mohamad Hassan Panjeshahi. "Simultaneous Energy and Water Minimization: Approach for Systems With Optimum Regeneration of Wastewater." In ASME 2010 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2010-27085.

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Water and energy are key commodities utilized in the process industries. In this work, a new systematic design methodology has been developed for the simultaneous management of energy and water systems that also feature optimum regeneration of wastewater. In addition to allowing regeneration of wastewater, issues about heat losses inside unit operations have also been incorporated in the simultaneous management of water and energy. To implement such a design, two new design aspects are introduced; new method for “Non-isothermal Mixing” points identification and new “Separate System” generation. The first aspect involves “non-isothermal mixing”, which enables direct heat recovery between water streams, and therefore allows the reduction of the number of heat transfer units. An NLP model is formulated to identify feasible non-isothermal mixing points in the network regarding minimum operation cost, which satisfy minimum freshwater and utility requirements. The other aspect is the generation of “separate system” in heat exchanger network design. The flexibility of mixing and splitting of water streams allows separate systems to be created as a cost-efficient series of heat exchanger units between freshwater and wastewater streams. The new design aspects have been illustrated with a case study. The results show 60% of total cost saving relevant to the conventional design method.
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Ishikawa, Wataru, and Shinji Fukuda. "Application of YOLOv5 and MASK R-CNN for diurnal activity monitoring of freshwater fish." In 2022 Joint 12th International Conference on Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems and 23rd International Symposium on Advanced Intelligent Systems (SCIS&ISIS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scisisis55246.2022.10001948.

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Fajri, Hanif, Hanif Fakhrurroja, and Muharman Lubis. "Social Media Analysis on Aquaculture SupplyChain Management: A Case Study on Freshwater Lobsters." In 2022 International Conference Advancement in Data Science, E-learning and Information Systems (ICADEIS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icadeis56544.2022.10037283.

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Myrbo, Amy, and Edward B. Swain. "MULTIPLE NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES OF SULFATE POLLUTION OF FRESHWATER SYSTEMS: NUTRIENTS, MERCURY, METHYLMERCURY, AND MORE." In Joint 52nd Northeastern Annual Section and 51st North-Central Annual GSA Section Meeting - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017ne-291332.

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Peiyuan, Guo, Fu Yan, Xiang Lingzi, Bao Man, and Chen Xinghai. "Research on Marine and Freshwater Fish Identification Model Based on Hyper-spectral Imaging Technology." In 2013 5th International Conference on Intelligent Human-Machine Systems and Cybernetics (IHMSC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ihmsc.2013.94.

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Reports on the topic "Freshwater systems"

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Van Rijn, Jaap, Harold Schreier, and Yossi Tal. Anaerobic ammonia oxidation as a novel approach for water treatment in marine and freshwater aquaculture recirculating systems. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7696511.bard.

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Ammonia waste removal in recirculating aquaculture systems is typically accomplished via the action of nitrifying bacteria in specially designed biofilters that oxidize ammonia to produce nitrate. In the majority of these systems nitrate is discharged to the environment through frequent water exchanges. As environmental considerations have made it necessary to eliminate nitrate release, new strategies for nitrate consumption are being developed. In the funding period we showed that ammonia removal from wastewater could take place by an anaerobic ammonia oxidation process carried out by bacterial Planctomycetessp. Referred to as “anammox”, this process occurs in the absence of an organic source and in the presence of nitrite (or nitrate) as an electron acceptor as follows: NH₃ + HNO₂ -> N₂ + 2H₂O. Annamox has been estimated to result in savings of up to 90% of the costs associated with was wastewater treatment plants. Our objective was to study the applicability of the anammox process in a variety of recirculating aquaculture systems to determine optimal conditions necessary for efficient ammonia waste removal. Both seawater and freshwater systems operated with either conventional aerobic treatment of ammonia to nitrate (USA) or, in addition, denitrifying biofilters as well as anaerobic digestion of sludge (Israel) were tested. Molecular tools were used to screen and monitor different treatment compartments for the presence of Planctomycetes. Optimal conditions for the enrichment of the anammox bacteria were tested using laboratory scale biofilters as well as a semi-commercial system. Enrichment studies resulted in the isolation of some unique heterotrophic bacteria capable of plasmid-mediated autotrophic growth in the presence of ammonia and nitrite. Our studies have not only demonstrated the presence and viability of Planctomycetes spp. in recirculating marine and freshwater systems biofilter units but also demonstrated the applicability of the anammox process in these systems. Using our results we have developed treatment schemes that have allowed for optimizing the anammox process and applying it to recirculating systems.
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Lidstrom, Mary E., Ludmila Chistoserdova, Marina G. Kalyuzhnaya, Victoria J. Orphan, and David A. Beck. Systems level insights into alternate methane cycling modes in a freshwater lake via community transcriptomics, metabolomics and nano-SIMS analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1149958.

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Adelekan, Ibidun, Anton Cartwright, Winston Chow, Sarah Colenbrander, Richard Dawson, Matthias Garschagen, Marjolijn Haasnoot, et al. Climate Change in Cities and Urban Areas: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/supsv209.2022.

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The second volume in the Summary for Urban Policymakers (SUP) series, Climate Change in Cities and Urban Areas: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, offers a concise and accessible distillation of the IPCC Working Group II Report. Cities are places of high risks from climate change, resulting from the interaction of climate change hazards, the exposure of infrastructure, people and ecosystems, the vulnerability of exposed elements and communities, and the negative or unintended effects of responses to climate change to people and ecosystems. This report assesses the feasibility and effectiveness of different adaptation options but highlights that adaptation has limits and can even lead to maladaptation, triggering unintended effects which increase risk, emissions and lock-ins. It synthesises the latest evidence on the necessary urban-led transformation, as well as evidence on operationalizing the five simultaneous system transitions across land, coastal, ocean and freshwater ecosystems; cities, regions, and infrastructure; energy and industrial systems, accelerated by societal choices. Cities and urban areas have a critical role to play in the climate resilient development needed to meet goals of climate change, human wellbeing, and ecosystem health challenges.
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Hernandez-Abrams, Darixa, Carra Carrillo, and Todd Swannack. Scenario analyses in ecological modeling and ecosystem management. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44840.

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Ecosystem management and restoration practitioners are challenged with complex problems, diverse project goals, multiple management alternatives, and potential future scenarios that change the systems of interest. Scenario analysis aids in forecasting, evaluating, and communicating outcomes of potential management actions under different plausible conditions, such as land-use change or sea level rise. However, little guidance exists for practitioners on the utility and execution of scenario analysis. Therefore, this technical note highlights the usefulness of scenario analysis as a tool for addressing uncertainty in potential project outcomes. The mechanics of the scenario-analysis process are explained, and examples of different types of scenario analyses are described for context on the breadth of its use. Lastly, two hypothetical case studies of scenario analysis in ecological modeling are presented showing a semiquantitative approach for assessing anadromous fish and a quantitative approach examining freshwater mussel habitat. Overall, this technical note provides a brief review of the utility and application of scenario analyses in the context of ecological modeling and ecosystem management decision-making.
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Chefetz, Benny, and Jon Chorover. Sorption and Mobility of Pharmaceutical Compounds in Soils Irrigated with Treated Wastewater. United States Department of Agriculture, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7592117.bard.

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Research into the fate of pharmaceutical compounds (PCs) in the environment has focused on aspects of removal efficiency during sewage treatment, degradation in surface water and accumulation in soils and sediments. However, very little information is available on the binding interactions of pharmaceuticals with dissolved organic matter (DOM) originating from wastewater treatment. Such interactions can significantly affect the transport potential of PCs in soils by altering compound affinity for soil particle surfaces. Our primary hypothesis is that the transport potential of PCs in soils is strongly impacted by the type and strength of interaction with DOM and the stability of resulting DOM-PC complexes. The overarching goal of the proposed work is to develop a better understanding of the risk associated with introduction of PCs into the environment with treated wastewater. This goal has been achieved by elucidating the mechanisms of the interaction of selected pharmaceuticals (that have shown to be widespread wastewater contaminants) with DOM constituents; by determining the stability and fate of DOM-PC complexes introduced to soils and soil constituents; and by evaluating the potential uptake of these compounds by plants. Based on the results obtained in this study (column and batch sorption-desorption experiments), we suggest that PCs can be classified as slow-mobile compounds in SOM-rich soil layers. When these compounds pass this layer and/or are introduced into SOM-poor soils, their mobility increases significantly. Our data suggest that in semiarid soils (consisting of low SOM), PCs can potentially be transported to the groundwater in fields irrigated with reclaimed wastewater. Moreover, the higher mobility of the acid PCs (i.e., naproxen and diclofenac) in freshwater column systems suggests that their residues in soils irrigated with reclaimed wastewater can leach from the root zone and be transported to the groundwater after rain events. Our data obtained from the binding experiments of PCs with DOM demonstrate that the hydrophobic DOM fractions were more efficient at sorbing PCs than the more polar hydrophilic fractions at a pH near the pKa of the analytes. At the pH of natural semiarid water and soil systems, including that of reclaimed wastewater and biosolids, the role of the hydrophobic fractions as sorption domains is less important than the contribution of the hydrophilic fractions. We also hypothesize that the DOM fractions interact with each other at the molecular level and do not act as independent sorption domains. In summary, our data collected in the BARD project demonstrate that the sorption abilities of the DOM fractions can also significantly affect the mobility of pharmaceutical compounds in soils influenced by intensive irrigation with treated wastewater or amended with biosolids.
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Chefetz, Benny, and Jon Chorover. Sorption and Mobility of Pharmaceutical Compounds in Soils Irrigated with Treated Wastewater. United States Department of Agriculture, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7709883.bard.

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Research into the fate of pharmaceutical compounds (PCs) in the environment has focused on aspects of removal efficiency during sewage treatment, degradation in surface water and accumulation in soils and sediments. However, very little information is available on the binding interactions of pharmaceuticals with dissolved organic matter (DOM) originating from wastewater treatment. Such interactions can significantly affect the transport potential of PCs in soils by altering compound affinity for soil particle surfaces. Our primary hypothesis is that the transport potential of PCs in soils is strongly impacted by the type and strength of interaction with DOM and the stability of resulting DOM-PC complexes. The overarching goal of the proposed work is to develop a better understanding of the risk associated with introduction of PCs into the environment with treated wastewater. This goal has been achieved by elucidating the mechanisms of the interaction of selected pharmaceuticals (that have shown to be widespread wastewater contaminants) with DOM constituents; by determining the stability and fate of DOM-PC complexes introduced to soils and soil constituents; and by evaluating the potential uptake of these compounds by plants. Based on the results obtained in this study (column and batch sorption-desorption experiments), we suggest that PCs can be classified as slow-mobile compounds in SOM-rich soil layers. When these compounds pass this layer and/or are introduced into SOM-poor soils, their mobility increases significantly. Our data suggest that in semiarid soils (consisting of low SOM), PCs can potentially be transported to the groundwater in fields irrigated with reclaimed wastewater. Moreover, the higher mobility of the acid PCs (i.e., naproxen and diclofenac) in freshwater column systems suggests that their residues in soils irrigated with reclaimed wastewater can leach from the root zone and be transported to the groundwater after rain events. Our data obtained from the binding experiments of PCs with DOM demonstrate that the hydrophobic DOM fractions were more efficient at sorbing PCs than the more polar hydrophilic fractions at a pH near the pKa of the analytes. At the pH of natural semiarid water and soil systems, including that of reclaimed wastewater and biosolids, the role of the hydrophobic fractions as sorption domains is less important than the contribution of the hydrophilic fractions. We also hypothesize that the DOM fractions interact with each other at the molecular level and do not act as independent sorption domains. In summary, our data collected in the BARD project demonstrate that the sorption abilities of the DOM fractions can also significantly affect the mobility of pharmaceutical compounds in soils influenced by intensive irrigation with treated wastewater or amended with biosolids.
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Bowles, David, Michael Williams, Hope Dodd, Lloyd Morrison, Janice Hinsey, Tyler Cribbs, Gareth Rowell, Michael DeBacker, Jennifer Haack-Gaynor, and Jeffrey Williams. Protocol for monitoring aquatic invertebrates of small streams in the Heartland Inventory & Monitoring Network: Version 2.1. National Park Service, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2284622.

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The Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network (HTLN) is a component of the National Park Service’s (NPS) strategy to improve park management through greater reliance on scientific information. The purposes of this program are to design and implement long-term ecological monitoring and provide information for park managers to evaluate the integrity of park ecosystems and better understand ecosystem processes. Concerns over declining surface water quality have led to the development of various monitoring approaches to assess stream water quality. Freshwater streams in network parks are threatened by numerous stressors, most of which originate outside park boundaries. Stream condition and ecosystem health are dependent on processes occurring in the entire watershed as well as riparian and floodplain areas; therefore, they cannot be manipulated independently of this interrelationship. Land use activities—such as timber management, landfills, grazing, confined animal feeding operations, urbanization, stream channelization, removal of riparian vegetation and gravel, and mineral and metals mining—threaten stream quality. Accordingly, the framework for this aquatic monitoring is directed towards maintaining the ecological integrity of the streams in those parks. Invertebrates are an important tool for understanding and detecting changes in ecosystem integrity, and they can be used to reflect cumulative impacts that cannot otherwise be detected through traditional water quality monitoring. The broad diversity of invertebrate species occurring in aquatic systems similarly demonstrates a broad range of responses to different environmental stressors. Benthic invertebrates are sensitive to the wide variety of impacts that influence Ozark streams. Benthic invertebrate community structure can be quantified to reflect stream integrity in several ways, including the absence of pollution sensitive taxa, dominance by a particular taxon combined with low overall taxa richness, or appreciable shifts in community composition relative to reference condition. Furthermore, changes in the diversity and community structure of benthic invertebrates are relatively simple to communicate to resource managers and the public. To assess the natural and anthropo-genic processes influencing invertebrate communities, this protocol has been designed to incorporate the spatial relationship of benthic invertebrates with their local habitat including substrate size and embeddedness, and water quality parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, specific conductance, and turbidity). Rigid quality control and quality assurance are used to ensure maximum data integrity. Detailed standard operating procedures (SOPs) and supporting information are associated with this protocol.
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Winter, H. V., A. B. Griffioen, L. A. J. Nagelkerke, M. Valkenaars, M. Kooiman, N. Dijkstra, and P. G. M. Heuts. Regional connectivity and movements of freshwater fish in the Langbroekerwetering, a weir-regulated water system with De Wit fishways : A LIFE-IP study using PIT telemetry. IJmuiden: Wageningen Marine Research, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/575905.

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Atkinson, Dan, and Alex Hale, eds. From Source to Sea: ScARF Marine and Maritime Panel Report. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.126.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under four headings: 1. From Source to Sea: River systems, from their source to the sea and beyond, should form the focus for research projects, allowing the integration of all archaeological work carried out along their course. Future research should take a holistic view of the marine and maritime historic environment, from inland lakes that feed freshwater river routes, to tidal estuaries and out to the open sea. This view of the landscape/seascape encompasses a very broad range of archaeology and enables connections to be made without the restrictions of geographical or political boundaries. Research strategies, programmes From Source to Sea: ScARF Marine and Maritime Panel Report iii and projects can adopt this approach at multiple levels; from national to site-specific, with the aim of remaining holistic and cross-cutting. 2. Submerged Landscapes: The rising research profile of submerged landscapes has recently been embodied into a European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action; Submerged Prehistoric Archaeology and Landscapes of the Continental Shelf (SPLASHCOS), with exciting proposals for future research. Future work needs to be integrated with wider initiatives such as this on an international scale. Recent projects have begun to demonstrate the research potential for submerged landscapes in and beyond Scotland, as well as the need to collaborate with industrial partners, in order that commercially-created datasets can be accessed and used. More data is required in order to fully model the changing coastline around Scotland and develop predictive models of site survival. Such work is crucial to understanding life in early prehistoric Scotland, and how the earliest communities responded to a changing environment. 3. Marine & Maritime Historic Landscapes: Scotland’s coastal and intertidal zones and maritime hinterland encompass in-shore islands, trans-continental shipping lanes, ports and harbours, and transport infrastructure to intertidal fish-traps, and define understanding and conceptualisation of the liminal zone between the land and the sea. Due to the pervasive nature of the Marine and Maritime historic landscape, a holistic approach should be taken that incorporates evidence from a variety of sources including commercial and research archaeology, local and national societies, off-shore and onshore commercial development; and including studies derived from, but not limited to history, ethnology, cultural studies, folklore and architecture and involving a wide range of recording techniques ranging from photography, laser imaging, and sonar survey through to more orthodox drawn survey and excavation. 4. Collaboration: As is implicit in all the above, multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross-sector approaches are essential in order to ensure the capacity to meet the research challenges of the marine and maritime historic environment. There is a need for collaboration across the heritage sector and beyond, into specific areas of industry, science and the arts. Methods of communication amongst the constituent research individuals, institutions and networks should be developed, and dissemination of research results promoted. The formation of research communities, especially virtual centres of excellence, should be encouraged in order to build capacity.
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Ruiz, Pablo, Craig Perry, Alejando Garcia, Magali Guichardot, Michael Foguer, Joseph Ingram, Michelle Prats, Carlos Pulido, Robert Shamblin, and Kevin Whelan. The Everglades National Park and Big Cypress National Preserve vegetation mapping project: Interim report—Northwest Coastal Everglades (Region 4), Everglades National Park (revised with costs). National Park Service, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2279586.

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The Everglades National Park and Big Cypress National Preserve vegetation mapping project is part of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP). It is a cooperative effort between the South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD), the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), and the National Park Service’s (NPS) Vegetation Mapping Inventory Program (VMI). The goal of this project is to produce a spatially and thematically accurate vegetation map of Everglades National Park and Big Cypress National Preserve prior to the completion of restoration efforts associated with CERP. This spatial product will serve as a record of baseline vegetation conditions for the purpose of: (1) documenting changes to the spatial extent, pattern, and proportion of plant communities within these two federally-managed units as they respond to hydrologic modifications resulting from the implementation of the CERP; and (2) providing vegetation and land-cover information to NPS park managers and scientists for use in park management, resource management, research, and monitoring. This mapping project covers an area of approximately 7,400 square kilometers (1.84 million acres [ac]) and consists of seven mapping regions: four regions in Everglades National Park, Regions 1–4, and three in Big Cypress National Preserve, Regions 5–7. The report focuses on the mapping effort associated with the Northwest Coastal Everglades (NWCE), Region 4 , in Everglades National Park. The NWCE encompasses a total area of 1,278 square kilometers (493.7 square miles [sq mi], or 315,955 ac) and is geographically located to the south of Big Cypress National Preserve, west of Shark River Slough (Region 1), and north of the Southwest Coastal Everglades (Region 3). Photo-interpretation was performed by superimposing a 50 × 50-meter (164 × 164-feet [ft] or 0.25 hectare [0.61 ac]) grid cell vector matrix over stereoscopic, 30 centimeters (11.8 inches) spatial resolution, color-infrared aerial imagery on a digital photogrammetric workstation. Photo-interpreters identified the dominant community in each cell by applying majority-rule algorithms, recognizing community-specific spectral signatures, and referencing an extensive ground-truth database. The dominant vegetation community within each grid cell was classified using a hierarchical classification system developed specifically for this project. Additionally, photo-interpreters categorized the absolute cover of cattail (Typha sp.) and any invasive species detected as either: Sparse (10–49%), Dominant (50–89%), or Monotypic (90–100%). A total of 178 thematic classes were used to map the NWCE. The most common vegetation classes are Mixed Mangrove Forest-Mixed and Transitional Bayhead Shrubland. These two communities accounted for about 10%, each, of the mapping area. Other notable classes include Short Sawgrass Marsh-Dense (8.1% of the map area), Mixed Graminoid Freshwater Marsh (4.7% of the map area), and Black Mangrove Forest (4.5% of the map area). The NWCE vegetation map has a thematic class accuracy of 88.4% with a lower 90th Percentile Confidence Interval of 84.5%.
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