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Academic literature on the topic 'Freshwater invertebrates Effects of water pollution on'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Freshwater invertebrates Effects of water pollution on"

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Chmist-Sikorska, Joanna, Krzysztof Szoszkiewicz, Arkadiusz Wencka, Martyna Szczepaniak, Joanna Szymczak, and Maciej Kujawski. "Effects of ibuprofen and venlafaxine on behavioural parameters in freshwater bivalve Unio tumidus." E3S Web of Conferences 171 (2020): 01014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017101014.

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The pollution of aquatic ecosystems by pharmaceuticals is presently recognized as a serious threat. The drug residues may contaminate surface waters via sewage discharges as well as improper disposal of industrial waste. Very few studies focused on the effects of drug pollutants on behaviour of invertebrates. In this study the effects of ibuprofen and venlafaxine on activity of the Unio tumidus were studied. Changes in behaviours were analysed at concentrations corresponding to wastewater discharges (3.4, 6.8 and 13.6 μgL−1). At dosage of 3.4 μgL−1, ibuprofen affected the activity time and shell opening level. The reduction in activity was particularly evident during the first few days. The same dose of venlafaxine caused hyperactivity of bivalves during the first few days of exposition. The highest doses (13.6 μgL−1) same drugs promoted reduction of activity and shell opening level. Moreover, exposure to these drugs resulted in the reduced water filtering time and hence its purification. The Unio tumidus reaction may indicate negative reaction of other aquatic species to the tested drugs.
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Mutshekwa, Thendo, Ross N. Cuthbert, Lutendo Mugwedi, Ryan J. Wasserman, Farai Dondofema, and Tatenda Dalu. "Behavioural Responses and Mortality of Mozambique Tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus to Three Commonly Used Macadamia Plantation Pesticides." Water 14, no. 8 (April 13, 2022): 1257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14081257.

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The use of pesticides in agricultural systems may have deleterious effects on surrounding environments. Aquatic systems are no exception and are increasingly polluted through the leaching of pesticides from agricultural activities. However, the pesticide pollution effects on key aquatic species have not been studied in many regions. In southern Africa, increasing pesticide use associated with macadamia tree Macadamia integrifolia farming presents a growing risk to surrounding aquatic ecosystems. This study assessed behavioural responses of an important and widely-distributed freshwater fish, Mozambique tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus, following exposure to three commonly used macadamia pesticides (i.e., Karate Zeon 10 CS, Mulan 20 SP, Pyrinex 250 CS) at different concentrations (0.7–200 µL, 0.3–1000 mg, and 0.7–8750 µL, respectively) over 24 h. Behavioural responses, i.e., swimming erratically, surfacing, vertical positioning, loss of equilibrium, being motionless and mortality were observed after pesticides exposure. Lethal dose 50 (LD50) values of Karate Zeon 10 CS, Mulan 20 SP and Pyrinex 250 CS were 2.1 µL (per water litre dilution—WLD), 5.2 mg (WLD) and 21.5 µL (WLD), respectively. These concentrations are therefore expressed as a maximal threshold usage in the environment around macadamia farms and a minimum distance of the plantations to water systems should be considered. Further studies should examine effects on other fish species and aquatic invertebrates to inform on pesticide pollution threats and mitigation plans for the region.
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Canobbio, S., A. Azzellino, R. Cabrini, and V. Mezzanotte. "A multivariate approach to assess habitat integrity in urban streams using benthic macroinvertebrate metrics." Water Science and Technology 67, no. 12 (June 1, 2013): 2832–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.166.

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Benthic macroinvertebrates are widely used as indicators of the health of freshwater ecosystems, responding both to water quality and to the hydromorphological integrity. In urban streams, evaluations can be tricky for the synergistic effects of multiple stressors and confounding factors. In these situations, the most broadly used multimetric indices can be used to assess the overall damage to the invertebrate community and, thus, the overall anthropogenic pressure, but they do not allow to understand the specific causal effects. Particularly, habitat loss due to morphological alterations can be difficult to evaluate, especially due to the often concurrent disturbance caused by water pollution. We used a multivariate approach to focus on the characteristics of the streams and rivers in an urban district and to define which macroinvertebrate metrics should be used to assess the influence of the different kinds of alteration in a severely damaged environment. Some metrics enabling the assessment of habitat loss (ratio of oligochaeta, ratio of filterers) were identified. These metrics may help to raise a better awareness in the evaluation of river restoration success and, thus, in the support of decision-making processes.
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Henderson, Nicole D., and Alan D. Christian. "Freshwater Invertebrate Assemblage Composition and Water Quality Assessment of an Urban Coastal Watershed in the Context of Land-Use Land-Cover and Reach-Scale Physical Habitat." Ecologies 3, no. 3 (September 13, 2022): 376–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecologies3030028.

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Stream ecosystems provide invaluable ecosystem services but are highly impacted ecosystems in need of water quality monitoring for habitat change impacts. Freshwater macroinvertebrate (FWI) assemblages have been shown to be good indicators of water quality and are known to be vulnerable to land-use land cover (LULC) and other habitat changes. The goal of this case study was to use an existing dominant LULC analysis in the Neponset River watershed, Massachusetts, USA, as LULC sampling treatment groups to deliberately capture the influence of these LULC effects on meso-scale habitat quality, FWI assemblages, and FWI water quality indices at eight sampling reaches. To achieve this goal, we collected physical habitat measurements and FWI samples in the summers of 2010 and 2012 at eight reach-scale stations spread across four previously determined LULC sub-watershed types (forest, residential, industrial, and golf) in the watershed. We expected that LULC change would influence the habitat quality, which would influence the FWI assemblage water quality scores and composition. We also expected that the water quality at these LULC sub-watershed types would be reflected in the FWI assemblage composition. We identified five major findings from our study. Our first finding was that the habitat quality in the Neponset River watershed was somewhat degraded relative to pristine conditions. Our second finding was that our habitat characterization analysis reflected some separation of our reach-scale macrohabitat types at land-use land-cover treatment stations with some correlations with microhabitat variables. Our third finding was that the water quality base on FWI assemblages was generally degraded in reference to pristine conditions. Our fourth finding was that, contrary to our expectations, there was no significant correlation between our reach-scale EPA habitat quality scores and FWI water quality scores. Our fifth finding was that our FWI assemblage NMS showed separation of land-use land-cover sampling stations and that that low pollution-tolerant taxa dominated some of our LULC sampling treatment stations and influenced NMS groupings.
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Steen, Alexis, David E. Fritz, William Stubblefield, and Jeffrey Giddings. "Environmental Effects of Freshwater Oil Spills." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1999, no. 1 (March 1, 1999): 607–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1999-1-607.

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ABSTRACT A research project was commissioned by the American Petroleum Institute (API) to summarize information on freshwater spill environmental effects. While threats to migrating fish stocks or aquatic mammals may be primary concerns following an ocean spill, adverse effects to benthic invertebrates, reptiles, amphibians, waterfowl, fish hatcheries, shoreline vegetation, or public drinking water intakes may be the focus of a freshwater event. Environmental effects from spilled petroleum constituents and whole oils are discussed. Research needs are identified.
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Hills, Kasey A., Ross V. Hyne, and Ben J. Kefford. "Species of freshwater invertebrates that are sensitive to one saline water are mostly sensitive to another saline water but an exception exists." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1764 (December 3, 2018): 20180003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0003.

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Coal mining and extraction of methane from coal beds generate effluent with elevated salinity or major ion concentrations. If discharged to freshwater systems, these effluents may have adverse environmental effects. There is a growing body of work on freshwater invertebrates that indicates variation in the proportion of major ions can be more important than salinity when determining toxicity. However, it is not known if saline toxicity in a subset of species is representative of toxicity across all freshwater invertebrates. If patterns derived from a subset of species are representative of all freshwater invertebrates, then we would expect a correlation in the relative sensitivity of these species to multiple saline waters. Here, we determine if there is a correlation between the acute (96 h) lethal toxicity in freshwater invertebrates to synthetic marine salts (SMS) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ) added to dechlorinated Sydney tap water. NaHCO 3 is a major component of many coal bed effluents. However, most salinization in Australia exhibits ionic composition similar to seawater, which has very little HCO 3 − . Across all eight species tested, NaHCO 3 was 2–50 times more toxic than SMS. We also observed strong correlations in the acute toxicity of seven of the tested species to SMS and NaHCO 3 . The strongest relationship (LC50 r 2 = 0.906) was dependent on the exclusion of one species, Paratya australiensis (Decopoda: Atyidae), which was the most sensitive species tested to NaHCO 3 , but the second-most tolerant of SMS. We conclude that differences in the toxicity of different proportions of major ions can be similar across a wide range of species. Therefore, a small subset of the invertebrate community can be representative of the whole. However, there are some species, which based on the species tested in the current study appear to be a minority, that respond differently to saline effluent and need to be considered separately. We discuss the implications of this study for the management of saline coal bed waters. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Salt in freshwaters: causes, ecological consequences and future prospects'.
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Soucek, D. J. "Effects of Freshly Neutralized Aluminum on Oxygen Consumption by Freshwater Invertebrates." Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 50, no. 3 (October 25, 2005): 353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-005-5053-x.

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Rasmussen, Jes Jessen, Peter Wiberg-Larsen, Esben Astrup Kristensen, Nina Cedergreen, and Nikolai Friberg. "Pyrethroid effects on freshwater invertebrates: A meta-analysis of pulse exposures." Environmental Pollution 182 (November 2013): 479–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2013.08.012.

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Wright, D. A., and P. M. Welbourn. "Cadmium in the aquatic environment: a review of ecological, physiological, and toxicological effects on biota." Environmental Reviews 2, no. 2 (July 1, 1994): 187–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/a94-012.

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Cadmium is a nonessential element that can be toxic and carcinogenic. On a global scale, the ratio anthropogenic to natural emissions of cadmium is approximately 7:1. Sources of cadmium for freshwater and salt water include atmospheric deposition, direct and via runoff, as well as direct discharges into water or watersheds. Thirty percent of the atmospheric emissions fall onto water. In freshwater, the cadmium ion is the predominant dissolved form, while in seawater, chloride dominates. Much of the cadmium added to aquatic systems accumulates in sediments where it presents a risk to benthic biota and under certain conditions may reenter the water column. The cadmium ion is the most bioavailable to aquatic biota; factors affecting availability include salinity, dissolved organic matter, and hydrogen ion concentration, which affect the chemical forms of cadmium. Hydrogen and other ions, most notably calcium, also affect cadmium uptake and toxicity, through competition and physiological effects. The concentrations of cadmium that result in acute or chronic toxicity vary over several orders of magnitude, with certain freshwater fish and invertebrates being the most sensitive. Long-term field experiments and chronic toxicity tests on invertebrates suggest that the present Canadian guideline of 200 ng Cd∙L−1 for the protection of freshwater biota may be too high. Aquatic animals and plants, like most organisms, produce metal binding proteins, called metallothioneins, in response to cadmium. Some species or varieties within a species of aquatic biota are tolerant to cadmium. The relationship between cadmium tolerance and metallothionein is still incompletely resolved.Key words: cadmium, seawater, freshwater, availability, toxicity, metallothionein, tolerance, food chain.
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Zalizniak, Liliana, Ben J. Kefford, and Dayanthi Nugegoda. "Is all salinity the same? I. The effect of ionic compositions on the salinity tolerance of five species of freshwater invertebrates." Marine and Freshwater Research 57, no. 1 (2006): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf05103.

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Salts of marine origin, predominantly consisting of Na+ and Cl− ions, are dominant in most Australian inland saline waters. The proportions of other ions, Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42–, HCO3− and CO32–, in the water may influence salinity tolerance of freshwater organisms and thus the effect of increasing salinity may vary with difference in ionic proportions. We exposed freshwater invertebrates to different concentrations of four ionic compositions and compared them with commercial sea salt (Ocean Nature). They were: synthetic Ocean Nature (ONS) and three saline water types (ONS but without: SO42–, HCO3− and CO32– (S1); Ca2+, HCO3− and CO32– (S2); and Ca2+ and Mg2+ (S3)), which are considered to be the predominant saline water types in south-eastern Australia and the Western Australian wheatbelt. The 96-h LC50 values for the five media were determined for six invertebrate species and sub-lethal responses were observed for two species. There were no differences between responses of invertebrates to various ionic compositions in acute toxicity tests. However, in prolonged sub-lethal tests, animals reacted differently to the various ionic compositions. The greatest effect was observed in water types lacking Ca, for which plausible physiological mechanisms exist. Variation in ionic proportions should be taken into account when considering sub-lethal effects of salinity on freshwater invertebrates.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Freshwater invertebrates Effects of water pollution on"

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Bird, Linda Margaret. "The effects of saline pumping water on freshwater invertebrate communities." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253693.

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Lonergan, Sean P. "Macroinvertebrate community responses to acidification : isolating the effects of pH from other water chemistry variables." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68205.

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The effect of lake acidification was evaluated, in the field, in terms of its impact on both the structural and functional composition of the macrozoobenthic community. The littoral macrozoobenthic community and water chemistry of 45 Canadian Shield lakes was sampled. The water chemistry variables sampled included pH, total dissolved calcium, conductivity, and dissolved organic acid (measured as colour). Partial canonical correlation analysis and partial regression analysis were used to identify those components of the macrozoobenthic community that most directly reflected pH variability. This was done by first removing from the data that portion of the variability attributable to total dissolved calcium, conductivity, and dissolved organic acids. In addition, the spatial structure in the data was removed by identifying the geographic coordinates of the sampling sites.
In general, the results presented here are not consistent with previous studies where the response of the macrozoobenthic community was related to pH without consideration of confounding covariables. Snails, leeches, mayflies and crayfish have all been cited for their sensitivity to acidification. The present study found these taxa to reflect, not pH variability, but rather attributes of water hardness. Similar results were found for both total zoobenthic biomass and functional feeding group abundance.
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Odume, Oghenekaro Nelson. "An evaluation of macroinvertebrate-based biomonitoring and ecotoxicological assessments of deteriorating environmental water quality in the Swartkops River, South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013156.

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Freshwater resources are increasingly subject to pollution because of escalating human population growth, accompanied by urbanisation, industrialisation, and the increased demand for food. Consequently, freshwater quality, and aquatic ecosystem structure and function have been severely impaired. The Swartkops River, which drains an urbanised and industrialised catchment in the Eastern Cape of South Africa, is no exception. An integrated environmental water quality (EWQ) approach is needed to measure the impacts of deteriorating water quality on its aquatic ecosystem structure and function to sustain these vital ecosystem-attributes. In this study, an integrated EWQ approach, which included i) analysis of water physico-chemical variables; ii) macroinvertebrate-based family-level taxonomic- and traits-based community analysis; iii) Chironomidae species-level taxonomic- and traits-based community analysis; iv) Chironomidae deformity-based sub-lethal analysis; and v) experimental investigation of long-term wastewater effluent effects, using model stream ecosystems, were applied to investigate environmental water quality in the Swartkops River. One upstream reference site and three downstream sites in the Swartkops River were monitored over a period of three years (August 2009 – September 2012). The family-level taxonomic community responses based on the South African Scoring System version 5 (SASS5) and a newly developed Swartkops multimetric index indicated very poor river health conditions for the three downstream sites, compared with the good condition of the upstream site. The Chironomidae species-level responses in the three downstream sites provided evidence of differences in biotic impairments, which were not evident with the family-level taxonomic data at these sites, thus highlighting the importance of species identification in freshwater biomonitoring. The family-level traits-based approach (TBA) showed that macroinvertebrates with gills and lungs were more abundant at the upstream site, decreasing markedly at the downstream sites. The relative abundance of macroinvertebrates relying on aerial and tegument respiration increased at the downstream sites compared with the upstream sites. The results of the family-level TBA highlighted the inextricable link between the traits-based approach (TBA) and taxonomic identification, clearly showing that the TBA is additional to, and not an alternative to, taxonomic recognition because important traits, e.g. reproductive cannot be used at a coarse taxonomic identification. A novel chironomid species traits-based functional strategies approach developed in this study, based on species combining similar sets of traits, proved sensitive in diagnosing the main abiotic water physico-chemical stressors. The functional traits responded predictably to deteriorating water quality and provided an adaptive and mechanistic basis for interpreting chironomid species occurrences at the four sampling sites, providing insight into why certain chironomid species occurred at one site but not at the other. Chironomid deformities provided evidence of sub-lethal in-stream biological response to deteriorating water quality. A newly developed deformity-based extended toxic score index proved sensitive, enabling the discrimination of the sampling sites, indicating that a biomonitoring tool based on sub-lethal effects could be used to assess the effects of deteriorating water quality before it reached lethal levels. Empirical evidence based on the taxonomic, traits and sub-lethal responses suggested that the changes in macroinvertebrate community structure were caused chiefly by the discharge of wastewater effluents into the river. This was supported by the model-stream ecosystem results indicating significant effects of effluents on the macroinvertebrate community structure, similar to the observed in-stream responses. The model stream results indicated that improved physico-chemical effluent quality compliance after 50% effluent dilution did not significantly reduce the effects of the effluent on the macroinvertebrate communities, showing that ecologically-based methods rather than physico-chemical measures alone are necessary to assess effluent quality. Finally, the results of the multi-criteria approach were integrated to propose tools to manage environmental water quality in the Swartkops River, and the benefits of the study were highlighted in the context of biomonitoring in South Africa.
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Warwick, Oliver William Tindle. "The use of a biomarker to assess the effect of xenobiotic exposure on the freshwater invertebrate Gammarus pulex." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1997. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10191/.

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Contamination of freshwaters is of concern because of its effect on ecosystem health. The effect of contamination can be assessed at all levels of biological organisation, from the ecosystem level to the molecular level. At the biochemical level, enzymes that are involved in the detoxification of organic chemical contaminants are useful as markers of contaminant exposure as they are often one of the first systems to respond to chemical exposure. Furthermore, changes in the activity of these enzymes may be indicative of effects at higher levels of biological organisation. In this study, the use of the detoxification enzyme glutathione stransferase (E. C. 2.5.1.18) (GST) in the freshwater invertebrate Gammarus pulex (Crustacea: Amphipoda), as a biomarker of organic xenobiotic exposure and effects was assessed. Toxicant induced changes in GST activity were related to changes in energy status and physiological energetics. A GST assay was developed that allowed the rapid analysis of GST activity in up to ninety individual animal samples simultaneously. Optimum sample handling and assay conditions were determined for the assay of GST in G. pulex, and extrinsic factors (e. g. environmental temperature, feeding and holding conditions) and intrinsic factors (e. g. body size), affecting variability of GST activity in G. pulex were assessed The effect of exposure to the organic xenobiotics lindane( an organochlorinein insecticide) and alcohol ethoxylate( a non-ionic surfactand detergent)on GST activity in G.pulex was described. The magnitude and duration of the response of GST activity to exposure to both chemicals was assessed under laboratory conditions and with alcohol ethoxylateu, sing outdoor artificial streams. The use of GST as a marker of pesticide exposure in field populations of G. pulex that were subject to pesticide contamination was studied in comparison with animals from non-contaminated, reference sites. The differences in GST activity between animals from a contaminated site and clean site were investigated by short-term and long-term exposure to lindane in the laboratory. Changes in energy status and physiological energetics were investigated in G. pulex on exposure to lindane by measuring glycogen concentration and scope for growth. Measuring these parameters on short-term and long-term exposure to lindane allowed the sensitivity of these responses to be related to the GST response and allowed the energetic cost of exposure to be assessed. It was concluded that increase in GST activity may providea rapid and sensitive biomarker of xenobiotic exposure in the short-term and in populations subject to pesticide contamination. The affect on GST activity may be indicative of effects at higher levels of biological organisations, such as scope for growth and glycogen concentration However, GST activity is affected by a variety of intrinsic and extrinsic factors and should therefore be used only asp art of a comparative study. Because of the transient nature of the GST response in situ assessments should be based on 24-hour exposure periods.
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Spann, Nicole. "Freshwater bivalves as biomonitors of metal pollution." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610276.

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Leung, Sze-lun. "Scale-dependent effects of spatial and temporal variability on benthic macroinvertebrate communities in Hong Kong streams /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25334542.

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Stendera, Sonja Johnson Richard K. "Spatiotemporal variability of chemistry and biota in boreal surface waters : a multiscale analysis of patterns and processes /." Uppsala : Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2005. http://diss-epsilon.slu.se/archive/00000956/.

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Thesis (doctoral)--Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2005.
Thesis documentation sheet inserted. Appendix reproduces four papers and manuscripts co-authored with R.K. Johnson. Issued also electronically via World Wide Web in PDF format; online version lacks appendix.
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Boryslawskyj, Michael. "The dynamics and effects of persistent organochlorine insecticides in a freshwater system." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292246.

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Poulton, Madeline June. "Toxic effects of freshwater pollutants on the survival, behaviour and reproduction of Gammarus pulex (L.) and Asellus aquaticus (L.)." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320266.

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The toxic effects of cadmium on aspects of the survival, behaviour and reproduction of Gammarus pulex and Asellus aquaticus are described in some detail. Some of the laboratory procedures were validated in field experiments. The presence of the parasites Pomphorhynchus laevis and Echinorhynchu_s1truttae does not modify the toxicity of cadmium (0.01-1.0 mgl ) to their intermediate-Fost G. pu7ex. Pretreatment for 24 hours with 0-47 μgl cadmium alters the distribution of separation times when precopula pairs of G. pu7ex are disrupted by the invertebrate anaesthetic 2- phenoxyethanol. Precop1la is directly disrupted by exposure to cadmium (0.1-12.7 mgl )_ýut recovery can follow. Pretreatment with cadmium (3-140 μgl ) for 24 hours, of similarly sizeci male G. pulex and subsequent exposure to 0.13 and 2.23 μgl while in competition for access to a female may increase tolerance and enhance reproductive success, or initiate irreversible toxic effects and impair competitive ability. Exposure of female G. pulex-1to 2.0 and 9.6 μg1 , and female A. aquaticus to 40.2 pgl cadmium pre-fertilization reduces their fecundity. Brood development times of G. pulex and A. aquaticus exposed to 2.1 and 12.4 μg1-1 cadmium postfertilization are extended by 2 and 2.7 days respectively. The embryonic development and abortion during brooding are described in detail for A. aquaticus. An explanation of reduced final brood size in Asel7us is Postulated. Growth of juveniles of both test species exposed during brooding is assessed. Single and repeated 24 hour field simulations of acidic deposition demonstrate increased host sensitivity of G. pulex infected with P. 7aevis. The effects of low pH and elevated aluminium concentrations are mitigated to some extent by liming. Six hour field simulations of the individual components of farm waste demonstrated that infected gammarids were more susceptible under conditions of low dissolved oxygen than uninfected conspecifics.
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Villamagna, Amy Marie. "Ecological effects of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) on Lake Chapala, Mexico." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26854.

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Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is a floating non-native plant that has been reoccurring in Lake Chapala, Jalisco, Mexico for more than 100 years. In this research, I explore the effects of water hyacinth on freshwater ecosystems worldwide and specifically on Lake Chapala. In chapter 1, I reviewed studies conducted on water hyacinth worldwide and found that the effects of water hyacinth on water quality are similar but the magnitude of effects is dependent on the percent cover and potentially the spatial configuration of water hyacinth mats. Water hyacinth's effect on aquatic invertebrates, fish, and waterbirds is less predictable and dependent on conditions prior to invasion. In chapter 2, I tested for relationships between percent water hyacinth cover and waterbird abundance, species diversity, community composition, and habitat use. In general, I found a weak positive relationship or no relationship between these variables. In Chapter 3, I monitored habitat use by American Coots (Fulica americana) in a variety of habitats around Lake Chapala. I found that the time spent in water hyacinth positively corresponded to the percent water hyacinth cover and that the time foraging in water hyacinth was positively related to the time spent in water hyacinth. In Chapter 4, I compared invertebrate assemblages in open water to those within and at the edge of water hyacinth mats, emergent vegetation, and submerged trees. I also examined invertebrate assemblages within the roots of water hyacinth plants and compared assemblages between patch and shoreline water hyacinth plants. I found that density and taxonomic richness of water column invertebrates were generally higher in association with water hyacinth, but that mean percent cover of water hyacinth affected the magnitude of differences among habitats and vegetation types. I did not find significant differences in root invertebrate density and taxonomic richness between patch and shoreline water hyacinth plants. In chapter 5, I discuss how water hyacinth affected dissolved oxygen and water transparency on a small, localized scale, but was not the driving factor for seasonal differences. The overall results suggest that water hyacinth had a minimal ecological effect on Lake Chapala during this study.
Ph. D.
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Books on the topic "Freshwater invertebrates Effects of water pollution on"

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McGuire, Daniel L. Clark Fork River macroinvertebrate study, 1986. Helena, Mont.]: s.n., 1987.

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McGuire, Daniel L. Clark Fork River macroinvertebrate community biointegrity, 1986 through 1992. Helena, Mont: The Bureau?, 1993.

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Simpson, Zachary R. Environmental contaminants in aquatic plants, invertebrates, and fishes of the San Juan River mainstem, 1990-1996. Albuquerque, N.M: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, New Mexico Ecological Services Field Office, Environmental Contaminants Program, 2000.

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Perrin, Christopher John. Effects of treated sewage effluent on periphyton and zoobenthos in the Cowichan River, British Columbia. Vancouver, B.C: Dept. of Fisheries and Oceans, Fisheries Branch, Habitat Management Division, 1988.

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Johnson, Arthur S. A report on biological conditions in the Blackstone River and selected tributaries: Results of the 1985 biomonitoring survey. North Grafton, Mass. (P.O. Box 116, 40 Institute Rd., North Grafton 01536): Massachusetts Dept. of Environmental Protection, Division of Water Pollution Control, Technical Services Section, 1992.

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1971-, Young Roger G., and New Zealand. Dept. of Conservation., eds. Impacts of diquat herbicide and mechanical excavation on spring-fed drains in Marlborough, New Zealand. Wellington, N.Z: Dept. of Conservation, 2004.

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Maude, Stephen H. Benthic macroinvertebrate communities and water quality of headwater streams of the Oak Ridges Moraine: Reference conditions, report. [Toronto, Ont.]: Central Region, Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy, 1996.

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Reyes, Christina. Acme Watershed Monitoring Program at the River Farm: Biological methods : a baseline inventory of aquatic macroinvertebrates. Bellingham, WA: Huxley College of Environmental Studies, Western Washington University, 2000.

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Wildlife, Colorado Division of. Clear Creek Basin: The effects of mining on water quality and the aquatic ecosystem. [Boulder, Colo.]: Colorado Division of Wildlife, 1991.

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Elaine, Snyder-Conn, ed. Effects of Prudhoe Bay reserve pit fluids on water quality and macroinvertebrates of Arctic tundra ponds in Alaska. Washington, DC: Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Dept. of Interior, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Freshwater invertebrates Effects of water pollution on"

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Thompson, A. R., and C. A. Edwards. "Effects of Pesticides on Nontarget Invertebrates in Freshwater and Soil." In Pesticides in Soil and Water, 341–86. Madison, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/1974.pesticides.c13.

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Qadri, Rizwana, and Muneeb A. Faiq. "Freshwater Pollution: Effects on Aquatic Life and Human Health." In Fresh Water Pollution Dynamics and Remediation, 15–26. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8277-2_2.

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Gupta, Avinash Pratap, Joystu Dutta, Manish Kumar Shriwas, Rajesh Yadav, Tirthankar Sen, and Madhur Mohan Ranga. "Evaluation of Anthropogenic-Driven Water Pollution Effects in an Urban Freshwater Resource Using Integration Pollution Index Method." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 107–12. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6887-9_12.

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Price, Trevor. "Pollution." In Ecology of a Changed World, 176—C17.P24. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197564172.003.0017.

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Abstract Pollution—the contamination of the environment by humans—takes many forms, including plastics, mining runoff, air pollution, sewage, and light pollution. It has been directly responsible for the decline of many species, ranging from vultures in India to peregrine falcons in the United States. This chapter focuses on fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides. A remarkable feature of the Anthropocene is that humans now fix as much atmospheric nitrogen as the natural world, primarily for use as fertilizer, and thus are altering natural ecosystems. Notably, rapid growth of algae in water bodies and their subsequent decomposition has led to depleted oxygen, and “dead zones” in both freshwater and the oceans. Many studies have demonstrated the negative effects of herbicides and pesticides on animal development and survival. Atrazine, widely used on cornfields, directly affects amphibian development. DDT and PCB accumulate in fat, which becomes particularly problematic for top predators. While legislative and other action is required to control pollutants, new forms are continually arising, making it exceptionally difficult to control and predict outcomes.
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Arnaudov, Atanas, and Dessislava Arnaudova. "Erythrocytes and Hemoglobin of Fish: Potential Indicators of Ecological Biomonitoring." In Animal Models and Experimental Research in Medicine [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.107053.

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Anthropogenic pollution of the freshwater basins is a serious environmental problem. This has necessitated the search for different approaches to the detection of different pollutants in water bodies. Many authors point out that the hematological parameters of freshwater fish are sensitive to the action of various pollutants in freshwater basins. This chapter summarizes the results of studies on the effects of current water pollutants (heavy metals, organic matter, etc.) on erythrocytes and hemoglobin in fish. An analysis of the possibility of the use of erythrocyte damage and the change in the hemoglobin content of the tested animals for the purposes of ecological biomonitoring of freshwater pollution will be made.
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Gull, Azad, Ashaq Ahmad Dar, and Jaya Chaturvedi. "Impact of Pesticides on Invertebrates in Aquatic Ecosystem." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 182–99. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6111-8.ch011.

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Aquatic ecosystems do not contain more than a fragment of the global water resources, but they are exclusive and complex habitats due to the extremely close association between terrestrial and aquatic habitats. The important fish stocks and a unique set of organisms that provides priceless consumer services, such as chemical water purification and organic matter processing, are affected. The pollution of aquatic ecosystems with pesticides applied in agricultural production is widely acknowledged as one of the greatest anthropogenic stressors to stream ecosystems, and agricultural pesticides are known to cause a threat to all living organisms in stream ecosystems. The general objective of this chapter is to study the effects of agricultural pesticides on invertebrates. There are only a few evaluating effects of pesticide contamination resulting from normal agricultural practice on invertebrates, and there is a lack of studies focusing on the indirect effects of pesticides. The importance of physical habitat degradation in the assessment and mitigation of pesticide risk in agricultural streams will be discussed.
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Challies, Edward, Stephen Fragaszy, and Josselin Rouillard. "Water allocation in Aotearoa New Zealand: societal values and ecological bottom lines." In Water Resources Allocation and Agriculture, 129–42. IWA Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/9781789062786_0129.

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Abstract Water allocation is an increasingly prominent policy issue in Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ), where regulation has largely failed to secure sustainable management of water resources over the past three decades. Although there is abundant water in NZ, the cumulative effects of abstractions and diversions, alongside diffuse pollution from agriculture and other urban and rural land uses, have led to highly degraded and depleted water resources in some locations. This has had significant social and ecological impacts. As a result, governmental planning and decision-making around water allocation (and land-use and development more widely) are increasingly driven by the imperatives to maintain ‘environmental flows’ and safeguard community values. In the NZ context, the Government has special obligations to partner with Māori (Indigenous New Zealanders) in all aspects of environmental management. This task must be informed by principles and values from Te Ao Māori (the Māori world), meaningfully involve Māori in governance and management, and recognise Māori rights and interests in water. Local government (regional councils), which are responsible for defining allocation rules, must ensure rules serve broader freshwater management objectives that are developed through engagement with Māori and wider communities, and which safeguard the health and wellbeing of waterbodies, associated ecosystems, and people.
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Kemmerer, Lisa. "Farming Facts." In Eating Earth. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199391844.003.0006.

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Cheap meat, dairy, and eggs are an illusion—we pay for each with depleted forests, polluted freshwater, soil degradation, and climate change. Diet is the most critical decision we make with regard to our environmental footprint—and what we eat is a choice that most of us make every day, several times a day. Dietary choice contributes powerfully to greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) and water pollution. Animal agriculture is responsible for an unnerving quantity of greenhouse gas emissions. Eating animal products—yogurt, ice cream, bacon, chicken salad, beef stroganoff, or cheese omelets—greatly increases an individual’s contribution to carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide emissions. Collectively, dietary choice contributes to a classic “tragedy of the commons.” Much of the atmosphere’s carbon dioxide (CO2) is absorbed by the earth’s oceans and plants, but a large proportion lingers in the atmosphere—unable to be absorbed by plants or oceans (“Effects”). Plants are not harmed by this process, but the current overabundance of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes acidification of the earth’s oceans. As a result of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions, the “acidity of the world’s ocean may increase by around 170% by the end of the century,” altering ocean ecosystems, and likely creating an ocean environment that is inhospitable for many life forms (“Expert Assessment”). Burning petroleum also leads to wars that devastate human communities and annihilate landscapes and wildlife—including endangered species and their vital habitats. Additionally, our consumption of petroleum is linked with oil spills that ravage landscapes, shorelines, and ocean habitat. Oil pipelines run through remote, fragile areas—every oil tanker represents not just the possibility but the probability of an oil spill. As reserves diminish, our quest for fossil fuels is increasingly environmentally devastating: Canada’s vast reserves of tar sands oil—though extracted, transported, and burned only with enormous costs to the environment—are next in line for extraction. Consuming animal products creates ten times more fossil fuel emission per calorie than does consuming plant foods directly (Oppenlander 18). (This is the most remarkable given that plant foods are not generally as calorically dense as animal foods.) Ranching is the greatest GHGE offender.
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Reports on the topic "Freshwater invertebrates Effects of water pollution on"

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Bowles, David, Michael Williams, Hope Dodd, Lloyd Morrison, Janice Hinsey, Tyler Cribbs, Gareth Rowell, Michael DeBacker, Jennifer Haack-Gaynor, and Jeffrey Williams. Protocol for monitoring aquatic invertebrates of small streams in the Heartland Inventory & Monitoring Network: Version 2.1. National Park Service, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2284622.

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The Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network (HTLN) is a component of the National Park Service’s (NPS) strategy to improve park management through greater reliance on scientific information. The purposes of this program are to design and implement long-term ecological monitoring and provide information for park managers to evaluate the integrity of park ecosystems and better understand ecosystem processes. Concerns over declining surface water quality have led to the development of various monitoring approaches to assess stream water quality. Freshwater streams in network parks are threatened by numerous stressors, most of which originate outside park boundaries. Stream condition and ecosystem health are dependent on processes occurring in the entire watershed as well as riparian and floodplain areas; therefore, they cannot be manipulated independently of this interrelationship. Land use activities—such as timber management, landfills, grazing, confined animal feeding operations, urbanization, stream channelization, removal of riparian vegetation and gravel, and mineral and metals mining—threaten stream quality. Accordingly, the framework for this aquatic monitoring is directed towards maintaining the ecological integrity of the streams in those parks. Invertebrates are an important tool for understanding and detecting changes in ecosystem integrity, and they can be used to reflect cumulative impacts that cannot otherwise be detected through traditional water quality monitoring. The broad diversity of invertebrate species occurring in aquatic systems similarly demonstrates a broad range of responses to different environmental stressors. Benthic invertebrates are sensitive to the wide variety of impacts that influence Ozark streams. Benthic invertebrate community structure can be quantified to reflect stream integrity in several ways, including the absence of pollution sensitive taxa, dominance by a particular taxon combined with low overall taxa richness, or appreciable shifts in community composition relative to reference condition. Furthermore, changes in the diversity and community structure of benthic invertebrates are relatively simple to communicate to resource managers and the public. To assess the natural and anthropo-genic processes influencing invertebrate communities, this protocol has been designed to incorporate the spatial relationship of benthic invertebrates with their local habitat including substrate size and embeddedness, and water quality parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, specific conductance, and turbidity). Rigid quality control and quality assurance are used to ensure maximum data integrity. Detailed standard operating procedures (SOPs) and supporting information are associated with this protocol.
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Lenz, Mark. RV POSEIDON Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report POS536/Leg 1. GEOMAR, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/geomar_rep_ns_56_2020.

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DIPLANOAGAP: Distribution of Plastics in the North Atlantic Garbage Patch Ponta Delgada (Portugal) – Malaga (Spain) 17.08. – 12.09.2019 The expedition POS 536 is part of a multi-disciplinary research initiative of GEOMAR investigating the origin, transport and fate of plastic debris from estuaries to the oceanic garbage patches. The main focus will be on the vertical transfer of plastic debris from the surface and near-surface waters to the deep sea and on the processes that mediate this transport. The obtained data will help to develop quantitative models that provide information about the level of plastic pollution in the different compartments of the open ocean (surface, water column, seafloor). Furthermore, the effects of plastic debris on marine organisms in the open ocean will be assessed. The cruise will provide data about the: (1) abundance of plastic debris with a minimum size of 100 μm as well as the composition of polymer types in the water column at different depths from the sea surface to the seafloor including the sediment, (2) abundance and composition of plastic debris in organic aggregates (“marine snow”), (3) in pelagic and benthic organisms (invertebrates and fish) and in fecal pellets, (4) abundance and the identity of biofoulers (bacteria, protozoans and metazoans) on the surface of plastic debris from different water depths, (5) identification of chemical compounds (“additives”) in the plastic debris and in water samples.
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