Journal articles: 'Freshwater biota'

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Hasler, Caleb T., David Butman, Jennifer D. Jeffrey, and Cory D. Suski. "Freshwater biota and rising pCO2?" Ecology Letters 19, no. 1 (November 27, 2015): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ele.12549.

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Wright, D. A., and P. M. Welbourn. "Cadmium in the aquatic environment: a review of ecological, physiological, and toxicological effects on biota." Environmental Reviews 2, no. 2 (July 1, 1994): 187–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/a94-012.

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Cadmium is a nonessential element that can be toxic and carcinogenic. On a global scale, the ratio anthropogenic to natural emissions of cadmium is approximately 7:1. Sources of cadmium for freshwater and salt water include atmospheric deposition, direct and via runoff, as well as direct discharges into water or watersheds. Thirty percent of the atmospheric emissions fall onto water. In freshwater, the cadmium ion is the predominant dissolved form, while in seawater, chloride dominates. Much of the cadmium added to aquatic systems accumulates in sediments where it presents a risk to benthic biota and under certain conditions may reenter the water column. The cadmium ion is the most bioavailable to aquatic biota; factors affecting availability include salinity, dissolved organic matter, and hydrogen ion concentration, which affect the chemical forms of cadmium. Hydrogen and other ions, most notably calcium, also affect cadmium uptake and toxicity, through competition and physiological effects. The concentrations of cadmium that result in acute or chronic toxicity vary over several orders of magnitude, with certain freshwater fish and invertebrates being the most sensitive. Long-term field experiments and chronic toxicity tests on invertebrates suggest that the present Canadian guideline of 200 ng Cd∙L−1 for the protection of freshwater biota may be too high. Aquatic animals and plants, like most organisms, produce metal binding proteins, called metallothioneins, in response to cadmium. Some species or varieties within a species of aquatic biota are tolerant to cadmium. The relationship between cadmium tolerance and metallothionein is still incompletely resolved.Key words: cadmium, seawater, freshwater, availability, toxicity, metallothionein, tolerance, food chain.

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Oikonomou, Anthi, and Konstantinos Stefanidis. "α- and β-Diversity Patterns of Macrophytes and Freshwater Fishes are Driven by Different Factors and Processes in Lakes of the Unexplored Southern Balkan Biodiversity Hotspot." Water 12, no. 7 (July 13, 2020): 1984. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12071984.

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Disentangling the main drivers of species richness and community composition is a central theme in ecology. Freshwater biodiversity patterns have been poorly explored; yet, it has been shown that different freshwater biota have different, often contrasting responses to environmental gradients. In this study, we investigated the relative contribution of geographical and environmental (habitat-, climate- and water quality-related) factors/gradients in shaping the α- and β-diversity patterns of macrophytes and fish in sixteen natural freshwater lakes of an unexplored Balkan biodiversity hotspot, the Southern Balkan Peninsula. We employed generalized linear modeling to identify drivers of α-diversity, and generalized dissimilarity modeling to explore commonalities and dissimilarities of among-biota β-diversity. Species richness of both biota was significantly associated with lake surface area, whereas macrophytes had an inverse response to altitude, compared to fish. Both species turnover and nestedness significantly contributed to the total β-diversity of macrophytes. In contrast, species turnover was the most significant contributor to the total fish β-diversity. We found that the compositional variation of macrophytes is primarily limited by dispersal and ultimately shaped by environmental drivers, resulting in spatially structured assemblages. Fish communities were primarily shaped by altitude, highlighting the role of species sorting. We conclude that among-biota diversity patterns are shaped by different/contrasting factors, and, thus, effective/sustainable conservation strategies should encompass multiple aquatic biota.

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Schofield, Kate A., Laurie C. Alexander, Caroline E. Ridley, Melanie K. Vanderhoof, Ken M. Fritz, Bradley C. Autrey, Julie E. DeMeester, et al. "Biota Connect Aquatic Habitats throughout Freshwater Ecosystem Mosaics." JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association 54, no. 2 (March 1, 2018): 372–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12634.

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Sansone, Umberto, Maria Belli, Michele Riccardi, Anna Alonzi, Zvonka Jeran, Jacimovic Radojko, Borut Smodis, Marco Montanari, and Fabio Cavolo. "Adhesion of water-borne particulates on freshwater biota." Science of The Total Environment 219, no. 1 (August 1998): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0048-9697(98)00235-6.

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Fent, Karl, and Judith Hunn. "Phenyltins in water, sediment, and biota of freshwater marinas." Environmental Science & Technology 25, no. 5 (May 1991): 956–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00017a020.

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Poston, Ted M., Don C. Klopfer, and Mary Ann Simmons. "Short-term Bioconcentration Studies of Np in Freshwater Biota." Health Physics 59, no. 6 (December 1990): 869–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004032-199012000-00010.

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Nielsen, D. L., M. A. Brock, G. N. Rees, and D. S. Baldwin. "Effects of increasing salinity on freshwater ecosystems in Australia." Australian Journal of Botany 51, no. 6 (2003): 655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt02115.

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Salt is a natural component of the Australian landscape to which a number of biota inhabiting rivers and wetlands are adapted. Under natural flow conditions periods of low flow have resulted in the concentration of salts in wetlands and riverine pools. The organisms of these systems survive these salinities by tolerance or avoidance. Freshwater ecosystems in Australia are now becoming increasingly threatened by salinity because of rising saline groundwater and modification of the water regime reducing the frequency of high-flow (flushing) events, resulting in an accumulation of salt. Available data suggest that aquatic biota will be adversely affected as salinity exceeds 1000 mg L–1 (1500 EC) but there is limited information on how increasing salinity will affect the various life stages of the biota. Salinisation can lead to changes in the physical environment that will affect ecosystem processes. However, we know little about how salinity interacts with the way nutrients and carbon are processed within an ecosystem. This paper updates the knowledge base on how salinity affects the physical and biotic components of aquatic ecosystems and explores the needs for information on how structure and function of aquatic ecosystems change with increasing salinity.

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Pierson, W. L., R. Nittim, M. J. Chadwick, K. A. Bishop, and P. R. Horton. "Assessment of changes to saltwater/freshwater habitat from reductions in flow to the Richmond River estuary, Australia." Water Science and Technology 43, no. 9 (May 1, 2001): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0515.

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The Australian climate is highly variable and many Australian estuaries lack a seasonal pattern of freshwater flow. During periods of low freshwater inflow, saline waters enter from the ocean through the estuary mouth. These saline waters enter as density currents or as a result of tidal mixing. During periods of high freshwater inflow from the estuary catchment, salt water is flushed towards the estuary mouth. As a consequence, the saline structure of Australian estuaries can be highly variable, depending on the antecedent rainfall. The Richmond River in northern New South Wales is such an estuary. The biota inhabiting estuaries have varying levels of freshwater and saltwater tolerance and reducing the freshwater flow into and along an estuary will favour saltwater species. However, if extractions of freshwater from an estuary are sufficiently high, freshwater habitat could be eliminated entirely for short periods (~one month) but with consequent, and perhaps long-standing, damage to the environment. This contribution describes a new approach to quantify the impact of changes to freshwater flows to the Richmond River estuary. This approach includes a review of hydrological data gathered over the past century and includes a detailed assessment of: changes to the highly variable freshwater inflows and freshwater extraction below the tidal limit; consequent changes to the highly variable saline structure; and the risk to aquatic biota. The crucial factors of magnitude, frequency and duration of short-term intrusions of saline water into freshwater habitat and their impact are quantified by the methods developed.

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Ebtesam Kadem Khudher and Ahmed Sabah AL-Jasimee. "Diatoms (Bacillariophyta) as bio-indicators." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 2 (April 17, 2019): 1562–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v10i2.1354.

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Bio-indicators such as diatoms from algae considered to be key factors in ecological studies as an assessment of freshwater ecology. Algae are very sensitive to environmental changes and reflect the spatiotemporal changes on exists or biomass of diatoms in waters. Diatoms have been used not just for the assessment of water quality, but also can be used as an organic pollution indicator in the freshwater ecosystems, such as algal water bloom. The reason for using diatoms as bio-indicators was for several characteristics such as rapid growth, and represent high biomass in the freshwater ecosystem. Also, diatoms have high biodiversity among the other aquatic biota and energy flow and cycling. Compared with the other aquatic biota, diatoms reflect ecological disturbance due to high sensitivity to light, temperature, water flow, pH, and oxygen content. Additionally, diatoms are used as an assessment of eutrophication, organic pollution and climate change.

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Taniguchi, Shoji, Johanna Bertl, Andreas Futschik, Hirohisa Kishino, and Toshio Okazaki. "Waves Out of the Korean Peninsula and Inter- and Intra-Species Replacements in Freshwater Fishes in Japan." Genes 12, no. 2 (February 21, 2021): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12020303.

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The Japanese archipelago is located at the periphery of the continent of Asia. Rivers in the Japanese archipelago, separated from the continent of Asia by about 17 Ma, have experienced an intermittent exchange of freshwater fish taxa through a narrow land bridge generated by lowered sea level. As the Korean Peninsula and Japanese archipelago were not covered by an ice sheet during glacial periods, phylogeographical analyses in this region can trace the history of biota that were, for a long time, beyond the last glacial maximum. In this study, we analyzed the phylogeography of four freshwater fish taxa, Hemibarbus longirostris, dark chub Nipponocypris temminckii, Tanakia ssp. and Carassius ssp., whose distributions include both the Korean Peninsula and Western Japan. We found for each taxon that a small component of diverse Korean clades of freshwater fishes migrated in waves into the Japanese archipelago to form the current phylogeographic structure of biota. The replacements of indigenous populations by succeeding migrants may have also influenced the phylogeography.

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Cera, Alessandra, Giulia Cesarini, and Massimiliano Scalici. "Microplastics in Freshwater: What Is the News from the World?" Diversity 12, no. 7 (July 9, 2020): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12070276.

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Plastic has become a “hot topic” for aquatic ecosystems’ conservation together with other issues such as climate change and biodiversity loss. Indeed, plastics may detrimentally affect habitats and biota. Small plastics, called microplastics, are more easily taken up by freshwater organisms, causing negative effects on growth, reproduction, predatory performance, etc. Since available information on microplastics in freshwater are fragmentary, the aim of this review is twofold: (i) to show, analyse, and discuss data on the microplastics concentration in freshwater and (ii) to provide the main polymers contaminating freshwater for management planning. A bibliographic search collected 158 studies since 2012, providing the scientific community with one of the largest data sets on microplastics in freshwater. Contamination is reported in all continents except Antarctica, but a lack of information is still present. Lentic waters are generally more contaminated than lotic waters, and waters are less contaminated than sediments, suggested to be sinks. The main contaminating polymers are polypropylene and polyethylene for sediment and water, while polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate are mainly found in biota. Future research is encouraged (1) to achieve a standardised protocol for monitoring, (2) to identify sources and transport routes (including primary or secondary origin), and (3) to investigate trophic transfer, especially from benthic invertebrates.

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Peng, Shijia, Huixuan Liao, Ting Zhou, and Shaolin Peng. "Effects of UVB radiation on freshwater biota: a meta-analysis." Global Ecology and Biogeography 26, no. 4 (November 21, 2016): 500–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geb.12552.

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Rimkus, Gerhard G., and Manfred Wolf. "Nitro musk fragrances in biota from freshwater and marine environment." Chemosphere 30, no. 4 (February 1995): 641–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(94)00430-3.

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15

Venâncio, Cátia, Karen Caon, and Isabel Lopes. "Cation Composition Influences the Toxicity of Salinity to Freshwater Biota." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 3 (January 18, 2023): 1741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031741.

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The effects of salinization on freshwater ecosystems have been estimated by testing sodium chloride (NaCl) since it is the most widely used salt as a deicing agent and Na+ and Cl− ions are the most representative in seawater composition. However, calcium, magnesium, and/or potassium are starting to be proposed as potential surrogates for NaCl, but for which ecotoxicological effects are less explored. This study aimed to identify (i) the less toxic salt to freshwater biota to be suggested as a safer alternative deicer and (ii) to contribute to the lower tiers of salinity risk assessment frameworks by identifying a more suitable surrogate salt than NaCl. The battery of ecotoxicity assays with five key trophic level species showed that among the tested salts (MgCl2, CaCl2, and KCl), KCl and CaCl2 seemed to induce the highest and lowest toxicity, respectively, compared with NaCl. CaCl2 is suggested as a safer alternative for use as a deicer and KCl as a surrogate for the risk assessment of seawater intrusion in coastal regions. These results enrich the salt toxicity database aiming to identify and propose more suitable surrogate salts to predict the effects of salinization to a broader extent.

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Santos, José Maria, and Maria Teresa Ferreira. "Use of Aquatic Biota to Detect Ecological Changes in Freshwater: Current Status and Future Directions." Water 12, no. 6 (June 5, 2020): 1611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12061611.

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Freshwater ecosystems have been severely damaged worldwide by a multitude of human pressures, such as pollution, nutrient enrichment, damming or overexploitation, and this has been more intense over the past five decades. It is therefore important that the impacts of such stressors can be effectively detected, monitored and assessed in order to provide adequate legislative tools and to protect and restore freshwater ecosystems. The use of aquatic biota to detect, measure and track changes in the environment is often known as freshwater biomonitoring and is based on the premise that the presence or absence of biotic assemblages at a given site reflects its degree of environmental quality. For over a century, since the early pollution-oriented indicators, freshwater monitoring has been developing and testing progressively more complex indicator systems, and increasing the plethora of pressures addressed, using different biological groups, such as benthic macroinvertebrates, macrophytes, fish, phytoplankton and phytobenthos. There is an increasing demand for precision and accuracy in bioassessment. In this Special Issue, five high-quality papers were selected and are briefly presented herein, that cover a wide range of issues and spatial contexts relevant to freshwater biomonitoring.

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Campbel, P. G. C., and P. M. Stokes. "Acidification and Toxicity of Metals to Aquatic Biota." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 42, no. 12 (December 1, 1985): 2034–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f85-251.

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Acidification of freshwaters can in principle influence metal–organism interactions in at least two ways: the decrease in pH may affect metal speciation in solution, or it may affect biological sensitivity at the level of the cell surface. We considered the possible effects of environmental acidification (pH 7–4) on (1) metal speciation in solution, (2) metal adsorption at biological surfaces, and (3) metal uptake by and toxicity to aquatic biota. Attention was focused on some 10 metals of potential concern in the context of freshwater acidification (Ag, Al, Cd, Co, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn). For the four metals (Al, Cu, Hg, Pb) predicted to manifest speciation changes in the range pH 7–4, confirmatory experimental data are available for two (Cu, Pb). In the six remaining cases predicted to show little sensitivity to pH changes in this range, supporting experimental evidence exists for four metals (Ag, Cd, Mn, Zn). A pH-dependent biological response is documented over a realistic range of H+ and metal concentrations for 6 of the 10 metals considered (Al, Cd, Cu, Zn, and to a lesser extent, Hg and Pb). These six metals fall into two groups: those for which a decrease in pH results in a decreased biological response (type I behavior: Cd, Cu, Zn) and those for which the dominant effect of acidification is to increase metal availability (type II behavior: Pb). Data for the remaining two metals (Al, Hg) clearly reveal pH effects, but the results are too few and too inconsistent to allow generalizations.

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Outridge, P. M., D. D. MacDonald, E. Porter, and I. D. Cuthbert. "An evaluation of the ecological hazards associated with cadmium in the Canadian environment." Environmental Reviews 2, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 91–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/a94-005.

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This review was conducted to evaluate the potential hazards associated with releases of cadmium (Cd) into the Canadian environment. The hazard assessment consists of three elements: a focused review of the available data on the toxicology of Cd in various environmental media, a review of the available information on the concentrations of Cd in the Canadian environment, and a comparison of these data. Based on the review of the toxicological literature, the following lowest observed effect concentrations (LOECs) of Cd were identified for the most sensitive species: 0.17 μg∙L−1 in freshwater at a hardness of 48.5 mg∙L−1, 3.5 mg∙kg dry weight (DW)−1 in freshwater sediments, 1.2 μg∙L−1 in marine waters, 4.2 mg∙kg DW−1 in marine sediments, and, 2.0 mg∙kg DW−1 in soil. The freshwater LOEC was adjusted for hardness by a regression equation, so that LOECs could be estimated for waters of varying hardnesses; these LOECs ranged from 0.004 μg∙L−1at a hardness of 1 mg∙L−1 to 0.99 μg∙L−1 at a hardness of 300 mg∙L−1. Critical tissue concentrations (CTCs) in kidneys of 100 mg∙kg fresh weight (FW)−1 for birds and 30 mg∙kg FW−1 for mammals were also identified. Comparison of the empirically derived LOECs and CTCs with concentrations of Cd in Canadian ecosystems suggested that sensitive biota in the following environments may be adversely affected in some locations: surface freshwaters, freshwater and marine sediments, and soils. Some marine mammals, ungulates, and domestic horses are also at risk because of high renal Cd concentrations. The LOECs were exceeded most seriously in the vicinity of base metal smelters, indicating that these smelters represent significant hazards to local aquatic and terrestrial biota. In parts of Ontario, catchment acidification and deposition of aeolian Cd, presumably from other industrial sources, also appear to contribute to elevated Cd concentrations in freshwater systems. The extent and severity of contamination suggest that Cd is a significant threat to the integrity of Canadian ecosystems.Key words: cadmium, Canada, toxicology, contamination, hazard evaluation.

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Vardaka, Elisabeth, and Konstantinos Ar Kormas. "Advancing Knowledge on Cyanobacterial Blooms in Freshwaters." Water 12, no. 9 (September 16, 2020): 2583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12092583.

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Cyanobacterial blooms have become a frequent phenomenon in freshwaters worldwide; they are a widely known indicator of eutrophication and water quality deterioration. Information and knowledge contributing towards the evaluation of the ecological status of freshwaters, particularly since many are used for recreation, drinking water, and aquaculture, is valuable. This Special Issue, entitled “Advancing Knowledge on Cyanobacterial Blooms in Freshwaters”, includes 11 research papers that will focus on the use of complementary approaches, from the most recently developed molecular-based methods to more classical approaches and experimental and mathematical modelling regarding the factors (abiotic and/or biotic) that control the diversity of not only the key bloom-forming cyanobacterial species, but also their interactions with other biota, either in freshwater systems or their adjacent habitats, and their role in preventing and/or promoting cyanobacterial growth and toxin production.

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Zullini, Aldo. "Is a biogeography of freshwater nematodes possible?" Nematology 16, no. 1 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00002779.

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An attempt was made to detect some possible biogeographic patterns in the distribution of freshwater nematodes. The literature concerning 14 geographic areas (in Eurasia, Africa and America) and seven well studied lakes was examined. Notwithstanding the ubiquity of most freshwater nematodes, some distributional patterns emerge from a multidimensional analysis. Examining the lakes only, nematodes in Lake Baikal appear markedly different from the other lacustrine nematodes from other parts of the world. It is possible to conclude: i) that freshwater nematodes communities show some difference at the continental level only; and ii) that the freshwater nematode biota is divided into two parts with the Lake Baikal community as one part, and the rest of the world community as the other.

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Kefford, Ben J., Jon P. Bray, Susan J. Nichols, Jollene Reich, Ralph Mac Nally, Andrew O'Reilly-Nugent, Guillaume Kon Kam King, and Ross Thompson. "Understanding salt-tolerance and biota–stressor interactions in freshwater invertebrate communities." Marine and Freshwater Research 73, no. 1 (2022): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf21164.

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Salinity is increasing in many naturally fresh waters because of human activities, and there are concerns about the ecological effects of these increases. Salinity, as with any stressor, can affect organisms both directly and indirectly. In a previous study (Bray et al. 2019), we evaluated the relative importance of direct and indirect effects of increased salinity on stream invertebrates. Chessman (2021) criticised that study, claiming that the biotic treatments were confounded and did not directly test the hypotheses. Chessman (2021) also conducted a reanalysis of the data. We show through the analysis of new data that our biotic treatments were not confounded and that the conclusions made by Chessman (2021) were probably a consequence of the low statistical power of his analysis. Consequently, we argue that Chessman’s (2021) comments do not substantively alter the conclusions of our study, and we provide more evidence to support the conclusions of our previous publication. The study of biota–stressor interactions is increasingly relevant to a wide range of global ecosystems. There is a need to develop tractable experimental and survey designs that address these problems, and we identify further avenues for study of these complex issues.

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Abellán, Pedro, David Sánchez-Fernández, Félix Picazo, Andrés Millán, Jorge M. Lobo, and Ignacio Ribera. "Preserving the evolutionary history of freshwater biota in Iberian National Parks." Biological Conservation 162 (June 2013): 116–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2013.04.001.

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Markich, S. J., G. E. Batley, J. L. Stauber, N. J. Rogers, S. C. Apte, R. V. Hyne, K. C. Bowles, K. L. Wilde, and N. M. Creighton. "Hardness corrections for copper are inappropriate for protecting sensitive freshwater biota." Chemosphere 60, no. 1 (June 2005): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.12.005.

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Naqash, Nafiaah, Sadguru Prakash, Dhriti Kapoor, and Rahul Singh. "Interaction of freshwater microplastics with biota and heavy metals: a review." Environmental Chemistry Letters 18, no. 6 (July 2, 2020): 1813–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10311-020-01044-3.

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Schartup, Amina T., Prentiss H. Balcom, Anne L. Soerensen, Kathleen J. Gosnell, Ryan S. D. Calder, Robert P. Mason, and Elsie M. Sunderland. "Freshwater discharges drive high levels of methylmercury in Arctic marine biota." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 38 (September 8, 2015): 11789–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1505541112.

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Elevated levels of neurotoxic methylmercury in Arctic food-webs pose health risks for indigenous populations that consume large quantities of marine mammals and fish. Estuaries provide critical hunting and fishing territory for these populations, and, until recently, benthic sediment was thought to be the main methylmercury source for coastal fish. New hydroelectric developments are being proposed in many northern ecosystems, and the ecological impacts of this industry relative to accelerating climate changes are poorly characterized. Here we evaluate the competing impacts of climate-driven changes in northern ecosystems and reservoir flooding on methylmercury production and bioaccumulation through a case study of a stratified sub-Arctic estuarine fjord in Labrador, Canada. Methylmercury bioaccumulation in zooplankton is higher than in midlatitude ecosystems. Direct measurements and modeling show that currently the largest methylmercury source is production in oxic surface seawater. Water-column methylation is highest in stratified surface waters near the river mouth because of the stimulating effects of terrestrial organic matter on methylating microbes. We attribute enhanced biomagnification in plankton to a thin layer of marine snow widely observed in stratified systems that concentrates microbial methylation and multiple trophic levels of zooplankton in a vertically restricted zone. Large freshwater inputs and the extensive Arctic Ocean continental shelf mean these processes are likely widespread and will be enhanced by future increases in water-column stratification, exacerbating high biological methylmercury concentrations. Soil flooding experiments indicate that near-term changes expected from reservoir creation will increase methylmercury inputs to the estuary by 25–200%, overwhelming climate-driven changes over the next decade.

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Hart, Barry T., Paul Bailey, Rick Edwards, Kent Hortle, Kim James, Andrew McMahon, Charles Meredith, and Kerrie Swadling. "A review of the salt sensitivity of the Australian freshwater biota." Hydrobiologia 210, no. 1-2 (March 1991): 105–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00014327.

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Vetikko, Virve, and Ritva Saxén. "Application of the ERICA Assessment Tool to freshwater biota in Finland." Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 101, no. 1 (January 2010): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2009.09.001.

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Fesenko, S., J. Fesenko, N. Sanzharova, E. Karpenko, and I. Titov. "Radionuclide transfer to freshwater biota species: review of Russian language studies." Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 102, no. 1 (January 2011): 8–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2010.09.006.

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Chapman, Peter M., April Hayward, and John Faithful. "Total Suspended Solids Effects on Freshwater Lake Biota Other than Fish." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 99, no. 4 (August 17, 2017): 423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-017-2154-y.

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Provencher, J. F., J. Ammendolia, C. M. Rochman, and M. L. Mallory. "Assessing plastic debris in aquatic food webs: what we know and don’t know about uptake and trophic transfer." Environmental Reviews 27, no. 3 (September 2019): 304–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/er-2018-0079.

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Plastic pollution is now recognized as a global environmental issue that can affect the health of biota and ecosystems. Now that a growing number of species and taxa are known to ingest a diverse range of sizes and types of plastics and retain the plastics in their guts, there are increasing questions relating to the movement of plastics through food webs, and how biota may directly and indirectly ingest plastics. Here, we synthesize what is known from the published, peer-reviewed literature about plastic ingestion by animals and identify critical gaps in our knowledge. We systematically reviewed and examined the literature for studies that reported ingested plastics in marine and freshwater biota at a global scale. Our objective was to inform discussions and future studies regarding what we know about plastic ingestion and fate in food webs. We assessed what regions, ecosystems, and food webs have been studied to date and whether potential information may already be available to assess if trophic transfer of plastics may be occurring. We found 160 relevant publications through 2016. Most studies were concentrated in specific regions and in specific ecosystem types, with freshwater studies being the most limited. Moreover, most studies examined one species at a time with only a handful of regions with multiple taxa examined across multiple studies. Twenty-one percent of the regions have no published data on plastic ingestion to date. Although some studies have measured ingestion in multiple species across trophic levels, few have tested the hypothesis that plastics are transferred across trophic levels. Moreover, none have addressed questions related to biomagnification. While our review suggests that numerous papers have recorded the ingestion of plastics by biota across many trophic levels, habitats, and geographic regions, many questions regarding how or whether biota retain, bioaccumulate, biomagnify, and trophically transfer plastics still need to be addressed.

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Borda, Daniela R., Ioan Cociuba, Laura Epure, Nicolae Cruceru, and Ioana N. Meleg. "The Interplay of Environment and Biota in Assessing the Freshwater Quality in Karst." Diversity 14, no. 6 (June 12, 2022): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14060475.

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Karst aquifers are both a valuable resource for humankind and a habitat for unique biota. The quality of freshwater sources may be easily affected by natural (e.g., geology, climate, and vegetation) and anthropogenic (e.g., agriculture, livestock, and tourism) changes, particularly in karst landscapes with highly vulnerable groundwater reservoirs. We seasonally monitored nine representative freshwater sources (i.e., six springs, a well, a surface stream, and a cave stream resurgence) in the karst system of the Runcuri Plateau (KSRP) (Western Romanian Carpathians) during seven sampling campaigns in 2019–2021. We assessed how these natural and anthropogenic factors influenced the water quality based on the European and national standards for drinking water. The geological structure (i.e., tectonics and lithology) of the KSRP was reassessed, and the environmental variables of the freshwater sites were investigated in order to evaluate their impact on the physicochemical profile, the microbial contamination, and on the meiofauna presence. Multivariate statistics were performed to gain insights into the interplay among all these factors and to evaluate the self-purification capacity of the KSRP for chemical and microbial pollutants. The most relevant drivers shaping the microbial content of the freshwater sources were the altitude of the sampling sites, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and air temperature, followed by the physicochemical profile of the waters (i.e., calcium hardness, magnesium hardness, nitrites, nitrates, conductivity, phosphates, total dissolved solids, and iron concentrations). The meiofauna presence was influenced mostly by precipitation, air temperature, and NDVI. Our results reflected the effect of the geological structure and environment on water chemistry and biota assemblages. A pollutant attenuation trend was observed in discharging waters, even though the self-purification capacity of the studied karst system was not statistically supported. More investigations are needed to comprehend the processes developed in the black box of the KSRP.

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Yu, Tingting, Thomas A. Neubauer, and Adrienne Jochum. "First freshwater gastropod preserved in amber suggests long-distance dispersal during the Cretaceous Period." Geological Magazine 158, no. 7 (April 29, 2021): 1327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756821000285.

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AbstractBurmese amber continues to provide unique insights into the terrestrial biota inhabiting tropical equatorial forests during mid-Cretaceous time. In contrast to the large amount and great diversity of terrestrial species retrieved so far, aquatic biota constitute rare inclusions. Here we describe the first freshwater snail ever preserved in amber. The new species Galba prima sp. nov. belongs in the family Lymnaeidae, today a diverse and near globally distributed family. Its inclusion in terrestrial amber is probably a result of the amphibious lifestyle typical of modern representatives of the genus. The finding of a freshwater snail on the Burma Terrane, back then an island situated at some 1500 km from mainland Asia, has implications for the dispersal mechanisms of Mesozoic lymnaeids. The Cenomanian species precedes the evolution of waterfowl, which are today considered a main vector for long-distance dispersal. In their absence, we discuss several hypotheses to explain the disjunct occurrence of the new species.

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Liu, Jianchao, Guanghua Lu, Fuhai Zhang, Matthew Nkoom, Zhenhua Yan, and Donghai Wu. "Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) in a Large, Highly Polluted Freshwater Lake, China: Occurrence, Fate, and Risk Assessment." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 7 (July 19, 2018): 1529. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15071529.

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Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were extensively investigated in water, sediment, and biota samples collected from Chaohu Lake basin in China. The total concentrations of eight PBDEs (Σ8PBDEs) were in the ranges of 0.11–4.48 ng/L, 0.06–5.41 ng/g, and 0.02–1.50 ng/g dry weight (dw) in the water, sediment, and biota samples, respectively. The concentrations showed wide variations in the monitoring area, while the congener profiles in all the water, sediment, and biota samples were generally characterized by only a few compounds, such as BDE-47, BDE-99, and/or BDE-209. The spatial analysis depicted a decreasing trend of PBDEs from west to east Chaohu Lake, consistent with regional industrialization degree. The distributions of PBDE congeners in the biota samples were similar to the compositional profiles in the water, which were dominated by BDE-47 and/or BDE-99. Nevertheless, BDE-47 and BDE-153 in the brain tissue showed a higher accumulative potential than PBDEs in other tissues as well as the whole body, with 96% relative contribution of Σ8PBDEs. The noncarcinogenic risk values estimated for BDE-47, BDE-99, and BDE-153 indicated that the specific risk associated with the studied water and foodstuffs is limited. However, there is a potential mixture ecotoxicity at three trophic levels at some sampling points in the water, which should draw considerable attention.

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Solomatin, V. M., and E. V. Spirin. "Impact of radioactive discharges of Siberian Chemical Plant (SCP) and Pilot-demonstration energy complex (PDEC) on aquatic biota inhabiting in the SCP 30-km zone." "Radiation and Risk" Bulletin of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Registry 31, no. 3 (2022): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21870/0131-3878-2022-31-3-26-36.

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Radiation doses to aquatic biota exposed to Siberian Chemical Plant (SCP, Tomsk) radioactive discharges, and Pilot-demonstration energy complex (PDEC) forecasting radiation doses from designed radioactive discharges were estimated. Doses to the biota in the habitat in the existing radiation situation were assessed with the use of measurements of water and bottom sediments samples collected during environmental monitoring of airborne radioactivity in 2017. Designed radioactivity discharges were assumed from normally operated PDEC modules for fabrication and refabrication and fuel reprocessing and reactor BREST-OD-300. It was found that the esti-mated highest radiation doses to biota were: for freshwater mammals – 24 μGy/day, it is 40 times below the reference levels; for fish – 7 μGy/day, it is 140 times below reference levels; for aquatic plants and mollusks – 1.2 μGy/day, it is about 10000 times below the reference levels. Anticipated radiation doses to the aquatic biota exposed to radiation discharged by PDEC were formed in the Lake Chernoe (Black Lake). The highest doses to fresh water mammals, fish and birds are 0.3 μGy/day, for aquatic plants and mollusks – 0.05 μGy/day. The main contributor to anticipated radiation doses to aquatic biota and birds is tritium, 3H.

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Vilenica, Marina, Ivana Pozojević, Natalija Vučković, and Zlatko Mihaljević. "How suitable are man-made water bodies as habitats for Odonata?" Knowledge & Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, no. 421 (2020): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2020008.

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Many studies have reported a negative impact of freshwater habitat modification on biota. Nevertheless, some man-made water bodies have proven to be valuable for biodiversity conservation as they can harbour many species. We investigated 36 man-made water bodies to determine their suitability as habitats for Odonata. Larvae were sampled in littoral, during the summer months of 2016 and 2017. At each sampling site, ten samples were collected using a benthos hand net. A total of 21 Odonata species was recorded. Odonata assemblages mainly consisted of common widespread species. Yet, at Vlačine Reservoir, located in the Dinaric Western Balkan ecoregion, we also recorded a rare and endangered Mediterranean species, Lindenia tetraphylla (Vander Linden, 1825). Aquatic and riparian vegetation, water level fluctuations and dissolved oxygen concentration had the highest influence on Odonata, showing that man-made water bodies with a well-developed riparian zone and aquatic vegetation, and with low daily and seasonal water level fluctuations, can provide suitable habitats for diverse Odonata species. Odonata are among the sensitive freshwater insects widely used as ecological indicators and umbrella species, therefore these results about their assemblages in heavily modified and man-made habitats could contribute to future conservation activities of freshwater biota and habitats.

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Blanchfield, Paul J., Michael J. Paterson, John A. Shearer, and David W. Schindler. "Johnson and Vallentyne’s legacy: 40 years of aquatic research at the Experimental Lakes Area." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 66, no. 11 (November 2009): 1831–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f09-148.

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Wally Johnson and Jack Vallentyne played key roles in the establishment of the Experimental Lakes Area (ELA), which comprises a research team, a set of protected lakes, and a field station, with the mandate to quantify anthropogenic impacts to lakes through whole-ecosystem manipulation and monitoring. We begin this collection of papers, celebrating four decades of aquatic research at the ELA, by reflecting on the historical relevance and scientific milestones of the ELA. The remaining papers encompass themes at the core of ELA research: long-term ecological monitoring of unimpacted reference lakes, ecosystem responses to anthropogenic stressors through whole-system experimentation, recovery of manipulated ecosystems from perturbation, and detailed mechanistic studies. Utilizing these approaches, papers in this issue examine a wide variety of anthropogenic impacts on freshwater including the ecosystem effects of climate change, recovery from lake acidification, upland and wetland flooding on methyl mercury levels in biota, endocrine-disrupting chemicals on fish populations, and freshwater aquaculture. These studies emphasize the value of long-term monitoring and experimentation at the ecosystem scale for understanding human impacts on freshwaters.

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Singh, Vartika, and Sophia Barinova. "Cladocera from the Sediment of High Arctic Lake in Svalbard (Norway)." Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research 23, no. 2 (July 1, 2021): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/trser-2021-0010.

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Abstract The High Arctic Region’s freshwater ecosystems serve as hot spots to study the impact of extreme warming conditions on the biota. The cladoceran remains have been recovered from the surface sediments of a non-marine water body near Ny-Alesund, Svalbard, Norway. The cladoceran (crustaceans) belongs to the Chydorus sphaericus group Frey, 1980 and Daphnia pulex Leydig, 1860. The ecology of the species suggests that they lived in a well-developed ecosystem with Water Quality Class 3. This study has implications for understanding the response of the present-day biota experiencing the changing climate conditions and using these remains for assessing palaeoenvironmental conditions.

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Kristanti, Risky Ayu, Wei Lin Wong, Yeti Darmayati, Ariani Hatmanti, Nilam Fadmaulidha Wulandari, Mada Triandala Sibero, Nur Fitriah Afianti, Erika Hernandes, and Flavio Lopez-Martinez. "Characteristics of Microplastic in Commercial Aquatic Organisms." Tropical Aquatic and Soil Pollution 2, no. 2 (December 14, 2022): 134–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.53623/tasp.v2i2.134.

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This study aims to review the occurrence of microplastics in some commercial aquatic organisms. Microplastics are small plastic particles with a diameter of less than 5 mm. Effluent, stormwater, agricultural, and surface runoff introduce microplastic to freshwater basins. Hydrodynamics and hydrology encompass microplastics. River flow speed can cause turbulence and riverbed instability, increasing microplastic concentrations. Fish, shellfish, and crustaceans ingest microplastics in proportion to their quantity in freshwater and marine environments. Human activities cause variations in the form, color, and size of microplastics in the biota. Animals absorb microplastics through trophic transfer. Increased microplastic residence time before ingestion promotes trophic transmission. Lower food concentration and aggregation enhance microplastic retention in zooplankton guts, increasing transmission to higher-trophic-level species. Most studies show that microplastics in biota are discovered in fish and crustacean intestines and bivalve tissues. Microplastic buildup can disrupt live organisms' growth and reproduction, induce oxidative stress, obstruct the digestive system, and damage the intestine. Microplastics may harm people's health if they eat contaminated seafood that contains them, but more research is needed.

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Tałanda, Mateusz, Piotr Bajdek, Grzegorz Niedźwiedzki, and Tomasz Sulej. "Upper Triassic freshwater oncoids from Silesia (southern Poland) and their microfossil biota." Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 284, no. 1 (April 1, 2017): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/njgpa/2017/0649.

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Quiroz-Martínez, Benjamín, Fernando Álvarez, Héctor Espinosa, and Guillermo Salgado-Maldonado. "Concordant Biogeographic Patterns among Multiple Taxonomic Groups in the Mexican Freshwater Biota." PLoS ONE 9, no. 8 (August 19, 2014): e105510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0105510.

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Rigét, Frank, Anders Bignert, Birgit Braune, Maria Dam, Rune Dietz, Marlene Evans, Norman Green, et al. "Temporal trends of persistent organic pollutants in Arctic marine and freshwater biota." Science of The Total Environment 649 (February 2019): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.268.

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Clearwater, Susan J., Christopher W. Hickey, and Karen J. Thompson. "The effect of chronic exposure to phosphorus-inactivation agents on freshwater biota." Hydrobiologia 728, no. 1 (January 24, 2014): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-014-1805-9.

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Biggs, Jeremy, Penny Williams, Mericia Whitfield, Pascale Nicolet, Colin Brown, John Hollis, Dave Arnold, and Tim Pepper. "The freshwater biota of British agricultural landscapes and their sensitivity to pesticides." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 122, no. 2 (October 2007): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2006.11.013.

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Crimmins, B. S., P. Doelling Brown, D. P. Kelso, and G. D. Foster. "Bioaccumulation of PCBs in Aquatic Biota from a Tidal Freshwater Marsh Ecosystem." Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 42, no. 4 (May 1, 2002): 396–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-001-0047-9.

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Birk, Sebastian, Daniel Chapman, Laurence Carvalho, Bryan M. Spears, Hans Estrup Andersen, Christine Argillier, Stefan Auer, et al. "Impacts of multiple stressors on freshwater biota across spatial scales and ecosystems." Nature Ecology & Evolution 4, no. 8 (June 15, 2020): 1060–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41559-020-1216-4.

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SUNARDI, SUNARDI. "Review: Climate-induced hydrological changes and the ecology of tropical freshwater biota." Biodiversitas, Journal of Biological Diversity 17, no. 1 (May 1, 2016): 322–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d170144.

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Rand, Gary M., James R. Clark, and Catherine M. Holmes. "USE of outdoor freshwater pond microcosms: II. Responses of biota to pyridaben." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 19, no. 2 (February 2000): 396–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620190220.

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Sil, Maitreya, N. A. Aravind, and K. Praveen Karanth. "Into-India or out-of-India? Historical biogeography of the freshwater gastropod genus Pila (Caenogastropoda: Ampullariidae)." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 129, no. 3 (January 14, 2020): 752–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blz171.

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Abstract The biota of the Indian subcontinent was assembled through multiple associations with various landmasses during a period spanning the Late Cretaceous to the present. It consists of Gondwanan elements that subsequently dispersed ‘out-of-India’ and biota that dispersed ‘into-India’ after the subcontinent collided with Asia. However, the relative contribution of these connections to the current biotic assembly of the subcontinent has been under-explored. Our aim here was to understand the relative importance of these various routes of biotic assembly in India by studying the historical biogeography of the tropical Old World freshwater snail genus Pila. We reconstructed a near-complete phylogeny, based on nuclear and mitochondrial markers, of Ampullariidae including all the described Pila species from India and Ampullariids worldwide. Thereafter, molecular dating and ancestral range estimation analyses were carried out to ascertain the time frame and route of colonization of India by Pila. The results showed that Pila dispersed into India as well as other parts of tropical Asia from Africa after both India and Africa collided with Eurasia. Furthermore, multiple dispersals took place between Southeast Asia and India. These findings corroborate increasing evidence that much of the current Indian assemblage of biota actually dispersed ‘into-India’ after it collided with Asia.

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Chamier, Anne-Carole. "Microbial degradation of leaf litter in freshwater streams: effect of low pH – abstract." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 94 (1988): 107–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000007181.

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Many freshwater streams are predominantly heterotrophic, the energy source for all trophic levels of the biota being derived from allochthonous plant litter that is degraded by saprotrophic micro-organisms. Leaves falling into streams have most of their soluble constituents leached out within twenty-four hours of submersion. Few of the resident terrestrial saprotrophs survive in the aquatic environment and the leaves are rapidly colonised by freshwater fungi, particularly aquatic hyphomycetes (Chamier & Dixon 1982a; Chamier et al. 1984). These fungi produce all the enzymes required to degrade the structural polysaccharides of leaf cell walls and those of resident terrestrial fungi. Some species can degrade lignified tissue (Chamier & Dixon 1982b; Chamier 1985). Little is known of the enzymic capabilities of freshwater bacteria.

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Muzammil, Wahyu, Tri Apriadi, Winny Retna Melani, Andi Zulfikar, and Deni Sabriyati. "Pengenalan Biota Akuatik Aliran Sungai Senggarang dengan E-Katalog melalui pembelajaran tatap muka sesuai protokol kesehatan Covid-19." Unri Conference Series: Community Engagement 3 (November 18, 2021): 324–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/unricsce.3.324-332.

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Small islands have short rivers characteristics, small catchment areas so that the ability to absorb rainwater into the ground is also reduced, such as the flow of rivers in Senggarang, Tanjungpinang City. Research related to aquatic biodiversity in Senggarang river flow has been carried out, the availability of information about the freshwater ecosystems that exist there is an interesting thing to inform the high school students as a generation of learners who lived near Senggarang river. The introduction of the aquatic biota of Senggarang river is expected to increase the sense of care, willingness, and insight in saving the resources of aquatic biota of Senggarang river flow will be sustainable. An introduction to the aquatic biota of the Senggarang river flow with the participants of class XI State High School 6 Tanjungpinang. The activity was carried out in three stages, namely a pre-test of knowledge about aquatic biota of the Senggarang river flow through quizizz media, education of any aquatic biota in the Senggarang river through e-catalog media containing pictures and descriptions of biota identification, and post-test with the same questions as the pre-test through the quizizz media to measure the extent to which students recognition, knowledge, and understanding have increased regarding the aquatic biota of the Senggarang river. The level of recognition, knowledge, and understanding of students increased from a very low–moderate range to a moderate–high range. Teaching media in the form of an e-catalog is very effective in introducing aquatic biota from the Senggarang river flow, according to the target stakeholders who are still in high school education.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Freshwater biota'

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