Relevant bibliographies by topics / Frequency response services

Academic literature on the topic 'Frequency response services'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Frequency response services"

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Greenwood, D. M., K. Y. Lim, C. Patsios, P. F. Lyons, Y. S. Lim, and P. C. Taylor. "Frequency response services designed for energy storage." Applied Energy 203 (October 2017): 115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.06.046.

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Motalleb, Mahdi, Matsu Thornton, Ehsan Reihani, and Reza Ghorbani. "Providing frequency regulation reserve services using demand response scheduling." Energy Conversion and Management 124 (September 2016): 439–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2016.07.049.

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Badesa, Luis, Fei Teng, and Goran Strbac. "Optimal Portfolio of Distinct Frequency Response Services in Low-Inertia Systems." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 35, no. 6 (November 2020): 4459–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2020.2997194.

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Clarke, Thomas, Tylor Slay, Conrad Eustis, and Robert B. Bass. "Aggregation of Residential Water Heaters for Peak Shifting and Frequency Response Services." IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy 7 (2020): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oajpe.2019.2952804.

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Trovato, Vincenzo, Agnes Bialecki, and Anes Dallagi. "Unit Commitment With Inertia-Dependent and Multispeed Allocation of Frequency Response Services." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 34, no. 2 (March 2019): 1537–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2018.2870493.

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Gundogdu, Burcu, Daniel Gladwin, and David Stone. "Battery energy management strategies for UK firm frequency response services and energy arbitrage." Journal of Engineering 2019, no. 17 (June 1, 2019): 4152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/joe.2018.8226.

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Christensen, Dale B., Nancy Neil, William E. Fassett, David H. Smith, Garth Holmes, and Andy Stergachis. "Frequency and Characteristics of Cognitive Services Provided in Response to a Financial Incentive." Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (1996) 40, no. 5 (September 2000): 609–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1086-5802(16)31100-7.

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Karpana, Sivakrishna, Efstratios Batzelis, Suman Maiti, and Chandan Chakraborty. "PV-Supercapacitor Cascaded Topology for Primary Frequency Responses and Dynamic Inertia Emulation." Energies 14, no. 24 (December 10, 2021): 8347. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14248347.

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Owing to rapid increase in PV penetration without inherent inertia, there has been an unremitting deterioration of the effective inertia of the existing power systems. This may pose a serious threat to the stability of power systems during disturbances if not taken care of. Hence, the problem of how to emulate Synthetic Inertia (SI) in PV Systems (PVS) to retain their frequency stability demands attention. Super Capacitor (SC)-based storage become an attractive option over the other energy storage types because of its high-power density, burst power handling capability, faster response and longer life cycle. Considering this, the authors here propose a novel PV-SC Cascaded Topology (PSCT) as a cost-effective approach to emulate SI by integrating a low voltage SC to a high voltage grid-connected PVS. The proposed PSCT helps in operating the SC as a voltage source rather than a current source. Thus, it eliminates the high gain requirements of the SC interfacing converters. The aim is to target two main frequency response services, i.e., Primary Frequency Response (PFR) and Synthetic Inertial Response (SIR), using a novel common control scheme, but without affecting any other energy intensive services. The authors introduced a Droop-Inspired (DI) method with an adjustable inertia constant to emulate dynamic inertia so that a wider range of Rate of Change of Frequency (RoCoF) values can be serviced with a limited storage. A very streamlined analysis was also carried out for sizing of the SC stage based on a simple Three-Point Linearization (TPL) technique and DI technique with a limited knowledge of the disturbance parameters. The whole system was initially validated in a MATLAB Simulink environment and later confirmed with the OPAL-RT Real-Time Simulator. The investigated response was subject to variation in terms of control parameters, changes in solar irradiance, grid frequency variation, etc.
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Stein, Karl, Moe Tun, Marc Matsuura, and Richard Rocheleau. "Characterization of a Fast Battery Energy Storage System for Primary Frequency Response." Energies 11, no. 12 (December 1, 2018): 3358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11123358.

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In response to increasing integration of renewable energy sources on electric grid systems, battery energy storage systems (BESSs) are being deployed world-wide to provide grid services, including fast frequency regulation. Without mitigating technologies, such as BESSs, highly variable renewables can cause operational and reliability problems on isolated grids. Prior to the deployment of a BESS, an electric utility company will typically perform modeling to estimate cost benefits and determine grid impacts. While there may be a comparison of grid operations before and after BESS installation, passive monitoring typically does not provide information needed to tune the BESS such that the desired services are maintained, while also minimizing the cycling of the BESS. This paper presents the results of testing from a live grid using a method that systematically characterizes the performance of a BESS. The method is sensitive enough to discern how changes in tuning parameters effect both grid service and the cycling of the BESS. This paper discusses the application of this methodology to a 1 MW BESS regulating the entire island of Hawaii (180 MW peak load) in-situ. Significant mitigation of renewable volatility was demonstrated while minimizing BESS cycling.
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Shehzad, Sofia. "EMERGENCY RESPONSE SERVICES IN PESHAWAR." Journal of Gandhara Medical and Dental Science 1, no. 2 (October 20, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.37762/jgmds.1-2.232.

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The recent terror attacks on Army Public School and Imam Bargah in Hayatabad, Peshawar once again highlighted the continuing fragile law and order situation that the country is facing in general and the province of KPK in particular. The civilian emergency response mounted to these events and those of a similar nature in the past can at best be described as grossly insufficient and well below the desired standards. Having been at the heart of ‘war on terror”, and faced with numerous bomb blasts and other forms of militant activities over successive years in the recent past, one would expect a mature and systematic approach inculcated in the country’s response to emergency. Sadly this has not been the case and the same chaos and indifference by the concerned authorities is seen at the site of occurrence, during transportation and in the hospitals as was the case before these events were a regular feature. To add to the spectrum of these woes is the lack of any coordinated efforts to rehabilitate the victims either psychologically, physically or financially. As I searched for an effective system globally adopted for disaster management of various scales, I came across the existence of various national and international organizations tasked to ensure preparedness and swift response in event of any such eventualities. International organizations such as Red Cross, The International Emergency Management Society (TIEMS), The International Recovery Platform (IRP) and United nations organization help reduce vulnerability and assist cope with natural disasters such as floods and earthquakes, industrial sabotage and other incidences of significant humanitarian crisis. While some of these organizations may help creating awareness and offer technical guidance in managing manmade disasters, they have a very limited role in practically addressing incidents related to localize events of terrorism. This responsibility is borne by respective governments in light of the prevailing law and order situation and resource availability. Different countries then have other umbrella organizations overlooking management of emergency situations arising from terror related disasters in addition to natural calamities eg the Civil Contingencies secretariat in UK, the Federal emergency management authority in US and the National disaster response force in India. In Pakistan unfortunately there is no concept of an organized response to events resulting in multiple or mass casualties, be it a result of any major accident or an act of terrorism. Organizations such as APDMA and PDMA have limited roles dealing mainly with natural disasters. Need of the hour is for an organization or team to cater for manmade disasters given the recent frequency of these events. In the absence of any responsible organization taking the lead and developing protocols as well as providing guidelines, the workforce available for pre hospital and hospital-based critical care varies enormously. Every major city of the country and specially Peshawar should have a disaster control management plan involving security agencies, paramedic and ambulance services and all major hospitals who should develop an effective strategy to facilitate management of injured patients. An effective approach would depend on the ability of the concerned team to anticipate, assess, prevent, prepare, respond and recover from an incident. Security agencies must cordon off the site of incident allowing only emergency vehicles and personnel to approach the site once secured. The hospital nominated to receive the brunt of casualties should be informed well in time for emergency preparedness. If possible all unnecessary traffic flow in the vicinity of the hospital should be diverted according to a predetermined plan. The Accident and Emergency departments should have a viable communication system of summoning their trauma team and any additional staff needed according to the nature and magnitude of the calamity on a very short notice. Within the hospital all visitors and well wishers as well as media personnel and politicians should be restricted to nominated zones with facilities of a public address system and an information centre updating the list of injured and dead at regular intervals. A spacious TRIAGE hall with designated triage officers (doctors or nurses) should be at hand to sort out the patients and prioritize their treatment according to the nature of their injuries and resources available. The major hospitals must build up their capacity in terms of skilled manpower and equipment/medicine and be ready for any major incident in its catchment area besides being able to receive a spill over in case of any major disaster in adjoining vicinities. Doctors and other support staff in ER should be familiar with the basic principles of Emergency life saving measures. It should be mandatory for the aforementioned to have attended trauma management courses such as Advanced Trauma Life Support, Primary Trauma Care or Emergency Room Trauma Care. There is considerable evidence to show that properly trained staff can make a marked difference when it comes to saving precious lives. There should also be appropriate arrangement for dealing with bodies of dead victims and counseling their near and dear ones. No doubt, considerable effort and commitment is needed if the above goals have to be achieved. To ensure a well organized and coherent response to any major incident there has to be a lead body running the show. All those involved in emergency management from the scene of the incident to the hospital receiving and managing the injured patients should be part of a team and should be allowed to interact on a regular basis through seminars and conferences framing and developing their own standard operating procedures and guidelines. Effective emergency management has been and will always be the crunch requirement of any civilized society and it is imperative that the government should take practical steps in addressing this issue in the best interest of the public.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Frequency response services"

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Cheng, Meng. "Dynamic demand for frequency response services in the Great Britain power system." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2014. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/74743/.

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Dynamic Demand Technology (DDT) developed by Open Energi Ltd. adjusts the power consumption of demand to react rapidly to changes in grid frequency without undermining the inherent control of loads. In this thesis, DDT is used to regulate the power consumption of domestic refrigerators and industrial bitumen tanks for grid frequency control. The feasibility of the loads to participate in frequency response services is studied. Refrigerators are connected throughout the power system and thus have great potential to be used for frequency control. A frequency controller based on the DDT is applied to refrigerators so that their power consumption varies with frequency deviations autonomously and proportionally. The technique maintains the temperature control of refrigerators and causes little adverse impact on their cold storage of food. A thermodynamic model of refrigerators is developed and validated through field tests on a number of refrigerators at the premises of the Indesit Company. The refrigerator models equipped with frequency control are then integrated into a simplified Great Britain (GB) power system model to investigate their capability for grid frequency control. Results show that the refrigerators change their power consumption in order to reduce deviations of grid frequency. Approximately 500 MW of frequency response is provided by 40 million refrigerators when frequency dropped to below 49.5 Hz. The frequency control is faster than that provided by frequency-sensitive generation. DDT is also applied to bitumen tanks. Frequency control is developed which is similar to refrigerators. A thermodynamic model of bitumen tanks equipped with the frequency control is developed and validated through field tests. The tank models are then connected to the GB power system model to study the capability of industrial heating loads for grid frequency control. Results show that tanks provide frequency control in a manner similar to and faster than that of frequency-sensitive generation. Approximately 72 MW of frequency response is provided by 5,000 bitumen tanks. A participant in the Firm Frequency Response (FFR) service is required to deliver a minimum response of 10 MW. Loads with low power consumption need to be aggregated in order to participate. The availability of refrigerators and of tanks for ABSTRACT ii frequency response varies over a day and is measured through field tests at different times of the day. Based on the measurements of availability, the number of refrigerators and tanks to be aggregated for delivering more than 10 MW of response over a day is calculated. Simulations are carried out with an aggregation of 591 bitumen tank and 622,980 refrigerator models. Results show that more than 10 MW of response is able to be delivered. For the future GB power system, fast control of frequency is required because of the reduction in system inertia caused by the large-scale use of converter connected generation. A case study is carried out to test the impact of the fast control of loads on the frequency of the future power system. Refrigerator models representing 40 million refrigerators and 500 tank models are connected to the GB power system model with reduced system inertia of 3.1 s. Results show that with the use of DDT, the frequency drop after a sudden loss of 1.8 GW generation is halted quickly and the magnitude of the drop reduced significantly (from 1 Hz to 0.4 Hz).
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Clarke, Thomas Leighton. "Aggregation of Electric Water Heaters for Peak Shifting and Frequency Response Services." PDXScholar, 2019. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5033.

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The increased penetration of renewable energy sources poses new challenges for grid stability. The stochastic and uncontrollable generation of solar and wind power cannot be adjusted to match the load profile, and the transition away from traditional synchronous generators is reducing the grid capacity to arrest and recover from frequency disturbances. Additionally, the distributed nature of many renewable energy sources makes centralized control of generation more complicated. The traditional power system paradigm balances the supply and demand of electricity on the grid by regulating generation. As this becomes more difficult, one alternative is to adjust the load instead. This is not entirely novel, and utilities have incentivized large industrial customers to reduce consumption during peak hours for years. However, the residential sector, which constitutes 37% of electricity consumption in the U.S., currently has very little capacity for load control. Smart electric water heaters provide utilities with an appliance that can be remotely controlled and serves as a form of energy storage. They have very fast response times and make up a large amount of residential energy consumption, making them useful for load peak shifting as well as other ancillary grid services. As smart appliances become increasingly widespread, more and more devices can be brought into the utility's control network and aggregated into a flexible resource on a megawatt scale. This work demonstrates the usefulness of aggregated electric water heaters for peak shifting and frequency response. Because a large number of assets are required, emulators are developed based on observations of real devices. Emulated water heaters are then connected to an energy resource aggregator using an internet-of-things network. The aggregator successfully uses these assets to shift consumption away from peak hours. An algorithm was developed for detecting upward frequency disturbances in real-time. The aggregator uses this algorithm to show that an aggregation of water heaters is well-suited to respond to these frequency disturbances by quickly adding a large amount of load to the grid.
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Fung, Victor. "Bit error simulation of FSK, BPSK, and pi/4 DQPSK in flat and frequency-selective fading mobile radio channels using two-ray and measurement- based impulse response models." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08142009-040410/.

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Books on the topic "Frequency response services"

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Focas, Caralampo. Responses to changes in public transport fares, frequency and quality of service for different socio-economic groupsin four areas of London. London: Campaign to Improve London's Transport, 1985.

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Interoperability in the next administration: Assessing the derailed 700 MHz D block public safety spectrum auction : hearing before the Subcommittee on Emergency Communications, Preparedness, and Response of the Committee on Homeland Security, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, second session, September 16, 2008. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2009.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Homeland Security. Subcommittee on Emergency Communications, Preparedness and Response. Interoperability in the next administration: Assessing the derailed 700 MHz D block public safety spectrum auction : hearing before the Subcommittee on Emergency Communications, Preparedness, and Response of the Committee on Homeland Security, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, second session, September 16, 2008. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2009.

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Interoperable emergency communications: Does the national broadband plan meet the needs of first responders? : hearing before the Subcommittee on Emergency Communications, Preparedness, and Response of the Committee on Homeland Security, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, second session, July 27, 2010. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2011.

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M, Wang C., and National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), eds. Calibration service of optoelectronic frequency response at 1319 nm for combined photodiode/RF power sensor transfer standards. Boulder, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1999.

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Woods, Angela, Ben Alderson-Day, and Charles Fernyhough, eds. Voices in Psychosis. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192898388.001.0001.

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Abstract Voices in Psychosis: Interdisciplinary Perspectives deepens and extends the understanding of hearing voices in psychosis in a striking way. For the first time, this collection brings multiple disciplinary, clinical, and experiential perspectives to bear on an original and extraordinarily rich body of testimony: transcripts of forty in-depth phenomenological interviews conducted with people who hear voices and who have accessed Early Intervention in Psychosis services. Voice-hearing experiences associated with psychosis are highly varied, frequently distressing, poorly understood, and deeply stigmatized, even within mental health services. Voices in Psychosis responds to the urgent need for new ways of listening to, and making sense of, these experiences. The book addresses the social, clinical, and research contexts in which the interviews took place, thoroughly investigating the embodied, multisensory, affective, linguistic, spatial, and relational qualities of voice-hearing experiences. The nature, politics, and consequences of these analytic endeavours is a focus of critical reflection throughout. This volume presents a collection of essays by members and associates of the Hearing the Voice project that were written in response to the transcripts. Each chapter gives a multifaceted insight into the experiences of voice-hearers in the North East of England and to their wider resonance in contexts ranging from medieval mysticism to Amazonian shamanism, from the nineteenth-century novel to the twenty-first-century survivor movement.
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Calvert, Julia. The Politics of Investment Treaties in Latin America. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198870890.001.0001.

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Abstract International investment law is at a crossroads. Civil society groups, prominent think tanks, and international organizations are calling for widespread reform. At the centre of controversy are international investment agreements (IIAs) and investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS). Over 1,000 legal claims have been brought by foreign investors under IIAs since the mid-1990s, resulting in multimillion-dollar fines imposed against governments for policies related to the environment, natural resource governance, and access to basic services among other areas of public concern. Governments targeted by investor claims are pursuing a variety of reforms that range from the incremental to paradigm-shifting. These different responses raise important questions about the politics of infringement and reform. Why do governments infringe on IIAs despite the costs of doing so? Why do some governments heavily targeted by investor claims pursue more substantive reforms than others? This book provides a timely examination of infringement and reform in Latin America, where governments felt the sting of investor claims sooner and with greater frequency than in other regions. It focuses on Peru, Argentina, and Ecuador, countries that responded very differently to waves of investor claims. Based on interviews with government officials and international lawyers, as well as an extensive analysis of legal transcripts, detailed case study chapters examine the conditions that prompted investor claims and the factors that inform countries’ reform agendas. In doing so, the book illustrates the conditions under which IIAs constrain state behaviour and how different belief systems produce different responses to external pressures for treaty compliance.
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Fogelin, Robert J. Hume, Pyrrhonism, and Fideism. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190673505.003.0015.

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Against charges that Pyrrhonism is unlivable, critics both ancient and modern have responded. Hume read, and frequently echoes, Pierre-Daniel Huet, a central figure in the Pyrrhonian-fideist movement. Though Hume often borrows Pyrrhonian-style arguments in the Dialogues to serve his purposes, unlike the French fideists he does not invoke them in the service of a religious faith. Contemporary scholars have claimed Hume as a fideist; this book, and the work of Don Garrett, disprove this view. Hume was not a Pyrrhonian skeptic; he has Philo reject Cleanthes’ arguments on Cleanthes’ own terms, rejecting them on empirical grounds.
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Shrestha, Manoj K., and Richard C. Feiock. Local Government Networks. Edited by Jennifer Nicoll Victor, Alexander H. Montgomery, and Mark Lubell. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190228217.013.22.

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Local governments frequently network with other local governments or other entities for efficient or effective delivery of local services. Networks enable local governments to discover ways to address externalities and diseconomies of scale produced by political fragmentation, functional interconnection, and uneven distribution of knowledge and resources. Local government networking can be informal or formal and bilateral or multilateral, in the form of deliberative forums or mutual aid agreements. This chapter uses the institutional collective action framework to underscore the link between problems of coordination and credibility of commitment that local governments face as they seek self-organizing solutions and the bridging and bonding networks they create in response to these problems. It then reviews the current state of scholarship in local government networks (LGNs) and shows that much progress has been made in both egocentric and whole LGN studies. Finally, it highlights important areas needing attention to advance LGN scholarship.
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Lindsey, Rose, John Mohan, Elizabeth Metcalfe, and Sarah Bulloch. Continuity and Change in Voluntary Action. Policy Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447324836.001.0001.

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This book provides a longitudinal perspective on change and continuity in voluntary action in recent decades in the UK. Drawing on more than 30 years of different quantitative and qualitative data, its longitudinal, mixed-methods approach offers insights into recent and contemporary British voluntary action. The book deploys a range of quantitative data sources on individual behaviour, both cross-sectional and longitudinal, to analyse aggregate trends in individual engagement in both formal and informal volunteering, in the level and frequency of engagement, the types of activities that volunteers carry out, their responses to questions concerning their motivation and the rewards they obtain from volunteering. These analyses are complemented, and given much greater depth, by the use of qualitative data from individuals who volunteer for the Mass Observation Project, through which they provide free-form written testimony about their daily lives. Tracking a subset of these individuals over time provides unique and novel insights into behaviour, motivation, and lifetime engagement. This source is also highly informative of individuals’ understandings of, and particularly their attitudes towards, voluntary action, and the balance between public and private responsibility for the provision of public services. The findings lead us to caution against any simplistic suggestions that levels of voluntary action can be increased significantly without policies that work with the grain of individuals’ everyday lives.
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Book chapters on the topic "Frequency response services"

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Farahmand-Zahed, Amir, Alireza Akbari-Dibavar, Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo, and Kazem Zare. "Optimal Scheduling of Water Distribution Systems’ Participation in Demand Response and Frequency Regulation Services." In Electricity Markets, 213–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36979-8_10.

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Du, Pengwei, Ning Lu, and Haiwang Zhong. "Load Resources to Provide Primary Frequency Reserve Service." In Demand Response in Smart Grids, 195–230. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19769-8_8.

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Andrews, Bart, Laura Coleman, Mandy Bowlin, and Catherine Cox. "Youth Crisis Hotlines: Merging Best Practice Suicide Prevention Within a System of Care." In SpringerBriefs in Psychology, 87–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06127-1_10.

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AbstractIn the USA, crisis hotlines, such as the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline, have become a valued resource for individuals experiencing a suicidal crisis. Often staffed by trained counselors, crisis hotlines can provide immediate support and can help to identify a caller’s problem and potential solutions, ensure the caller’s safety, and connect them with appropriate resources. Notably, with the introduction of the 988 crisis system in the USA, it is important that crisis hotlines continue to improve their systems of care as their services will be used with increased frequency. This chapter highlights Behavioral Health Response (BHR), a regional crisis hotline located in St. Louis, Missouri, and details methods they have employed to address gaps in youth crisis response with the creation of the Youth Connection Helpline system. This chapter emphasizes the importance of integrating crisis hotlines with other community resources and the value of tracking outcomes to achieve intended goals. Guidance on how to implement and evaluate a youth-focused crisis system is provided.
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Michailidou, Asimina, Elisabeth Eike, and Hans-Jörg Trenz. "Journalism, Truth and the Restoration of Trust in Democracy: Tracing the EU ‘Fake News’ Strategy." In Europe in the Age of Post-Truth Politics, 53–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13694-8_4.

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AbstractTrust in journalism in Europe and beyond has been undermined by a series of scandals, by the closeness of journalists to political parties and government, but also by more frequent attacks against freedom of speech and of the press run especially by populist leaders and new authoritarian governments. In some countries, like Hungary, Poland and Italy, the press freedom index is in steep decline, and governments have also entered a ‘war’ with journalism, putting increasing pressure on the free exercise of the profession, restricting budgets and the autonomy of public service broadcasting. In our chapter, we critically discuss the responses, i.e. counter-strategies, for trust-(re)building that this disruption triggers, from a top-down European Union (EU) policy perspective. We assess the EU’s response to the authoritarian and fake news challenge and discuss the limits of a voluntary (self) regulatory approach in light of public sphere standards.
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Hassan, Hussein Abshir, Ikram Abdikarim, Nur Yassin, and Amin. "General Oncology Care in Somalia." In Cancer in the Arab World, 235–49. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7945-2_15.

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AbstractThe aim of this chapter is to provide an update on cancer epidemiology in Somalia as well as local and international responses to the challenges. After the collapse of the central government of Somalia in 1991, the country has plunged into civil war. Since then, Somalia has not had any governmental or non-governmental cancer care services. Currently, Somalia doesn’t have a single cancer center. The country has neither national cancer registries nor national cancer institutes. According to a study done by a Somali cancer specialist at the University of Somalia-Teaching Hospital, and Turkish doctors at Erdogan Hospital, published in seminars in oncology in 2017, the most frequent cancers in Somalia are esophageal, Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma, liver, breast, skin, thyroid, brain, bone, colorectal, and soft tissue. Somalia is recovering from a devastating civil war that continued for 30 years. This war has destroyed all the health facilities in the country, since then the country has not been able to reestablish the healthcare system. This absence of healthcare system and lack of human and financial resources are the biggest challenges of cancer care in the country. There is only one facility in the entire country where cancer care is given. The future of cancer care in Somalia is bright since more doctors are planning to specialize in cancer and more investors are planning to invest privately in the healthcare sector, especially cancer care. Also, as the Somali government is getting stronger, it is hoped the government will play a bigger role in cancer care in Somalia in the coming years.
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Orcutt, Miriam, Clare Shortall, and Aula Abbara. "Conflict, disasters, and humanitarian response." In Oxford Textbook of Global Health of Women, Newborns, Children, and Adolescents, edited by Delan Devakumar, Jennifer Hall, Zeshan Qureshi, and Joy Lawn, 49–52. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198794684.003.0010.

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With a growing number of people affected by conflict and protracted humanitarian crises worldwide and the increasing frequency of natural disasters, provision of healthcare to the most vulnerable within these populations, especially women and children, is a priority. From 1990 to 2013, almost 217 million people per year were affected by natural disasters and by 2015, at least 60 million people had fled their homes because of conflict and violence, nearly half of them were children. Armed conflict and natural disasters create morbidity and mortality spikes, with children under five being particularly affected. They also lead to mass population displacement and breakdown of health infrastructure; in turn leading to increases in communicable and non-communicable diseases. The current provision of services in these contexts are insufficient and there is increased emphasis on effective inclusion of these areas in the formation of all stages of humanitarian response.
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Gu, Yu, Min Peng, Fuji Ren, and Jie Li. "WiFi Fingerprint Localization for Emergency Response." In Smart Technologies for Emergency Response and Disaster Management, 86–105. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2575-2.ch003.

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As a key enabler for diversified location-based services (LBSs) of pervasive computing, indoor WiFi fingerprint localization remains a hot topic for decades. For most of previous research, maintaining a stable Radio Frequency (RF) environment constitutes one implicit but basic assumption. However, there is little room for such assumption in real-world scenarios, especially for the emergency response. Therefore, we propose a novel solution (HED) for rapidly setting up an indoor localization system by harvesting from the bursting number of available wireless resources. Via extensive real-world experiments lasting for over 6 months, we show the superiority of our HED algorithm in terms of accuracy, complexity and stability over two state-of-the-art solutions that are also designed to resist the dynamics, i.e., FreeLoc and LCS (Longest Common Subsequences). Moreover, experimental results not only confirm the benefits brought by environmental dynamics, but also provide valuable investigations and hand-on experiences on the real-world localization system.
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Aboshosha, Ashraf, Mohamed B. El-Mashade, and Ehab A. Hegazy. "Design and Analysis of Rectangular Microstrip Patch Array Antenna on 28 GHz Band for Future of 5G." In Research Anthology on Developing and Optimizing 5G Networks and the Impact on Society, 25–43. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7708-0.ch002.

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The narrow beam widths generally associated with antennas at higher frequencies has led to the study of using advanced multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and adaptive beam-forming. These antenna technologies are overcoming some of the challenging propagation characteristics of mm waves and could increase the spectrum efficiency, provide higher data rates, and adequate reasonable coverage for mobile broadband services. With the potential for higher 10+GHz frequencies as well as mm waves deployment, most 5G candidates bands in 20 to 50 GHz. The frequency band of 5G is proposed and demonstrated above 24GHz such as 28GHz to 38GHz. In this chapter, the authors present a design of 28GHz for 4 Elements microstrip patch array antenna for future fifth generation (5G) mobile-phone applications. The designed antenna can be implemented using low cost FR-4 substrates, while maintaining good performance in terms of gain and efficiency. In addition, the simulated results show that the antenna has the S11 response less than -10 dB in the frequency range of 22 to 34 GHz.
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Aboshosha, Ashraf, Mohamed B. El-Mashade, and Ehab A. Hegazy. "Design and Analysis of Rectangular Microstrip Patch Array Antenna on 28 GHz Band for Future of 5G." In Enabling Technologies and Architectures for Next-Generation Networking Capabilities, 71–89. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6023-4.ch003.

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The narrow beam widths generally associated with antennas at higher frequencies has led to the study of using advanced multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and adaptive beam-forming. These antenna technologies are overcoming some of the challenging propagation characteristics of mm waves and could increase the spectrum efficiency, provide higher data rates, and adequate reasonable coverage for mobile broadband services. With the potential for higher 10+GHz frequencies as well as mm waves deployment, most 5G candidates bands in 20 to 50 GHz. The frequency band of 5G is proposed and demonstrated above 24GHz such as 28GHz to 38GHz. In this chapter, the authors present a design of 28GHz for 4 Elements microstrip patch array antenna for future fifth generation (5G) mobile-phone applications. The designed antenna can be implemented using low cost FR-4 substrates, while maintaining good performance in terms of gain and efficiency. In addition, the simulated results show that the antenna has the S11 response less than -10 dB in the frequency range of 22 to 34 GHz.
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Cecil, Alec. "Delivering Mental Health Assistance in the Wake of Natural and Manmade Disasters." In Bringing Psychotherapy to the Underserved, edited by Jeffrey Zimmerman, Jeffrey E. Barnett, and Linda F. Campbell, 46–66. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190912727.003.0003.

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Disasters, both natural and manmade, seem to be occurring with increasing frequency in the United States and around the world. A single incident may affect many thousands of people. Collectively, many millions feel the impact of disaster every year. Addressing the psychological elements of such events has become recognized as a vital component of preparation, immediate response, and long-term recovery. This chapter reviews the major psychological aspects of disasters and disaster mental health (DMH) and highlights the importance of psychosocial assistance to survivors, responders, and others. DMH is designed to comfort and stabilize those affected, to promote effective coping, and to help maintain and restore inherent functioning. Factors that inhibit greater provision and utilization of these services are discussed, as is the importance of responding appropriately within the cultural environment of affected populations.
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Conference papers on the topic "Frequency response services"

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Cooke, Alexander, Dani Strickland, and Kane Forkasiewicz. "Energy storage for enhanced frequency response services." In 2017 52nd International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/upec.2017.8231914.

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Zhu, Qingwei, Alberto Bolzoni, Andrew Forsyth, and Rebecca Todd. "Impact of Energy Storage System Response Speed on Enhanced Frequency Response Services." In 2019 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecce.2019.8912725.

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Johnson, P. "Technical requirement and despatch of frequency response power reserve services." In IEE Colloquium on Economic Provision of a Frequency Responsive Power Reserve Service. IEE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19980013.

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Sanchez, F., F. Gonzalez-Longatt, and D. Bogdanov. "Probabilistic Assessment of Enhanced Frequency Response Services Using Real Frequency Time Series." In 2018 20th International Symposium on Electrical Apparatus and Technologies (SIELA). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/siela.2018.8447080.

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Al Kez, Dlzar, Aoife M. Foley, Paul Brogan, and D. John Morrow. "Utilizing Data Centers for Inertia and Fast Frequency Response Services." In 2020 2nd International Conference on Smart Power & Internet Energy Systems (SPIES). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/spies48661.2020.9243001.

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Qureshi, Fassahat Ullah, Gregor Verbic, Mehdi Garmroodi, Archie Chapman, and Ahmad Shabir Ahmadyar. "Using Fast Frequency Response Services to Improve Frequency Stability of Low Inertia Power Systems." In 2018 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aupec.2018.8757957.

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Alsokhiry, F., and K. L. Lo. "Distributed generation based on renewable energy providing frequency response ancillary services." In 2013 IV International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives (POWERENG). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/powereng.2013.6635783.

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Naumovic, Milica B., Robin De Keyser, and Clara-Mihaela Ionescu. "Testing the MATLAB®Simulink-based frequency response analyzer." In TELSIKS 2011 - 2011 10th International Conference on Telecommunication in Modern Satellite, Cable and Broadcasting Services. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/telsks.2011.6143183.

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Wang, Peng, Michael Brambley, and Michael Poplawski. "Frequency Regulation With Connected Lighting Systems." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-70474.

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Abstract The management of end-use energy loads, including commercial buildings, has been increasingly investigated as a promising source of services for the electric power grid. Lighting consumes about 17% of the total electricity use of U.S. commercial buildings; however, it may contribute significantly to services that improve the reliability and resilience of the grid due to its rapid speed of response. Connected lighting systems (CLS), which build upon solid-state light-emitting diode (LED) technology, can change their power demand more quickly than most other building electricity end-uses. But the potential of CLS to provide grid services has not been fully investigated. In this paper, we describe initial research to evaluate the potential of CLS for providing frequency regulation grid service. Frequency regulation is a reliability service that corrects in a matter of seconds for short-term changes in the balance between supply and demand that might affect the stability of the power system in a specific balancing area. Frequency regulation signals for a medium office building are generated from the normalized test signals for the PJM Regional Transmission Organization Reg-A and Reg-D regulations services. CLS are controlled in simulations to follow the Reg-A or Reg-D signal and thereby provide frequency regulation service. The performance of CLS providing frequency regulation is evaluated using the PJM 40-Minute Performance Score Template. The performance scores obtained for five different CLS categories responding to both Reg-A and Reg-D signals far exceed the minimum qualification score, a very promising result for CLS aiming to provide frequency regulation service.
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Milic, Ljiljana D., and Jelena D. Certic. "Recursive digital filters and two-channel filter banks: Frequency-response masking approach." In TELSIKS 2009 - 2009 9th International Conference on Telecommunications in Modern Satellite, Cable, and Broadcasting Services. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/telsks.2009.5339431.

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Reports on the topic "Frequency response services"

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Clarke, Thomas. Aggregation of Electric Water Heaters for Peak Shifting and Frequency Response Services. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6909.

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Megersa, Kelbesa. Financial Inclusion in a Refugee Response. Institute of Development Studies, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.122.

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The growing scope, frequency, and complexity of forced displacement, both inside and outside of countries, has pushed donors and other development groups to rethink their approaches to humanitarian crises, particularly on refugee response. Financial inclusion is widely regarded as a particularly critical tool that development organisations can employ to mitigate the catastrophic impact of humanitarian crises on refugees. Financial inclusion would provide a wide range of financial products – such as savings, remittances, loans, and insurance – to both refugees and citizens of host countries, which are critical for disadvantaged populations seeking to mitigate shocks, acquire assets, and support local economic development. Changes in how humanitarian aid is distributed are opening the path for greater financial inclusion. Donors and humanitarian organisations are shifting away from emergency cash transfers and toward digital payments via electronic cards. This opens new opportunities to connect refugees and displaced people to a bigger pool of financial services. This rapid literature review summarises the available evidence on toolkits that assist the response by humanitarian and development agencies to financial inclusion of refugees. In addition to the documents defined explicitly as “toolkits”, it also includes reports and online articles which contain useful guidance, since there were few “toolkits” available. Generally, there is lack of resources that directly address the query, i.e., “financial inclusion” in a “refugee response” context. Although there is a growing literature and evidence on the financial inclusion theme, much of it does not directly relate to refugees. Furthermore, most guidance notes and toolkits prepared for refugee response by humanitarian/development agencies do not directly and explicitly deal with financial inclusion, but rather focus on operational and programming issues of wider relief responses. The review is presented as an annotated bibliography format and includes toolkits, guidance notes, technical reports, and online articles by humanitarian and international development agencies.
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Ela, E., M. Milligan, B. Kirby, A. Tuohy, and D. Brooks. Alternative Approaches for Incentivizing the Frequency Responsive Reserve Ancillary Service. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1037501.

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Hale, Paul D., and C. M. Wang. Calibration service of optoelectronic frequency response at 1319 nm for combined photodiodeRF power sensor transfer standards. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.250-51.

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McKenna, Patrick, and Mark Evans. Emergency Relief and complex service delivery: Towards better outcomes. Queensland University of Technology, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.211133.

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Emergency Relief (ER) is a Department of Social Services (DSS) funded program, delivered by 197 community organisations (ER Providers) across Australia, to assist people facing a financial crisis with financial/material aid and referrals to other support programs. ER has been playing this important role in Australian communities since 1979. Without ER, more people living in Australia who experience a financial crisis might face further harm such as crippling debt or homelessness. The Emergency Relief National Coordination Group (NCG) was established in April 2020 at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic to advise the Minister for Families and Social Services on the implementation of ER. To inform its advice to the Minister, the NCG partnered with the Institute for Governance at the University of Canberra to conduct research to understand the issues and challenges faced by ER Providers and Service Users in local contexts across Australia. The research involved a desktop review of the existing literature on ER service provision, a large survey which all Commonwealth ER Providers were invited to participate in (and 122 responses were received), interviews with a purposive sample of 18 ER Providers, and the development of a program logic and theory of change for the Commonwealth ER program to assess progress. The surveys and interviews focussed on ER Provider perceptions of the strengths, weaknesses, future challenges, and areas of improvement for current ER provision. The trend of increasing case complexity, the effectiveness of ER service delivery models in achieving outcomes for Service Users, and the significance of volunteering in the sector were investigated. Separately, an evaluation of the performance of the NCG was conducted and a summary of the evaluation is provided as an appendix to this report. Several themes emerged from the review of the existing literature such as service delivery shortcomings in dealing with case complexity, the effectiveness of case management, and repeat requests for service. Interviews with ER workers and Service Users found that an uplift in workforce capability was required to deal with increasing case complexity, leading to recommendations for more training and service standards. Several service evaluations found that ER delivered with case management led to high Service User satisfaction, played an integral role in transforming the lives of people with complex needs, and lowered repeat requests for service. A large longitudinal quantitative study revealed that more time spent with participants substantially decreased the number of repeat requests for service; and, given that repeat requests for service can be an indicator of entrenched poverty, not accessing further services is likely to suggest improvement. The interviews identified the main strengths of ER to be the rapid response and flexible use of funds to stabilise crisis situations and connect people to other supports through strong local networks. Service Users trusted the system because of these strengths, and ER was often an access point to holistic support. There were three main weaknesses identified. First, funding contracts were too short and did not cover the full costs of the program—in particular, case management for complex cases. Second, many Service Users were dependent on ER which was inconsistent with the definition and intent of the program. Third, there was inconsistency in the level of service received by Service Users in different geographic locations. These weaknesses can be improved upon with a joined-up approach featuring co-design and collaborative governance, leading to the successful commissioning of social services. The survey confirmed that volunteers were significant for ER, making up 92% of all workers and 51% of all hours worked in respondent ER programs. Of the 122 respondents, volunteers amounted to 554 full-time equivalents, a contribution valued at $39.4 million. In total there were 8,316 volunteers working in the 122 respondent ER programs. The sector can support and upskill these volunteers (and employees in addition) by developing scalable training solutions such as online training modules, updating ER service standards, and engaging in collaborative learning arrangements where large and small ER Providers share resources. More engagement with peak bodies such as Volunteering Australia might also assist the sector to improve the focus on volunteer engagement. Integrated services achieve better outcomes for complex ER cases—97% of survey respondents either agreed or strongly agreed this was the case. The research identified the dimensions of service integration most relevant to ER Providers to be case management, referrals, the breadth of services offered internally, co-location with interrelated service providers, an established network of support, workforce capability, and Service User engagement. Providers can individually focus on increasing the level of service integration for their ER program to improve their ability to deal with complex cases, which are clearly on the rise. At the system level, a more joined-up approach can also improve service integration across Australia. The key dimensions of this finding are discussed next in more detail. Case management is key for achieving Service User outcomes for complex cases—89% of survey respondents either agreed or strongly agreed this was the case. Interviewees most frequently said they would provide more case management if they could change their service model. Case management allows for more time spent with the Service User, follow up with referral partners, and a higher level of expertise in service delivery to support complex cases. Of course, it is a costly model and not currently funded for all Service Users through ER. Where case management is not available as part of ER, it might be available through a related service that is part of a network of support. Where possible, ER Providers should facilitate access to case management for Service Users who would benefit. At a system level, ER models with a greater component of case management could be implemented as test cases. Referral systems are also key for achieving Service User outcomes, which is reflected in the ER Program Logic presented on page 31. The survey and interview data show that referrals within an integrated service (internal) or in a service hub (co-located) are most effective. Where this is not possible, warm referrals within a trusted network of support are more effective than cold referrals leading to higher take-up and beneficial Service User outcomes. However, cold referrals are most common, pointing to a weakness in ER referral systems. This is because ER Providers do not operate or co-locate with interrelated services in many cases, nor do they have the case management capacity to provide warm referrals in many other cases. For mental illness support, which interviewees identified as one of the most difficult issues to deal with, ER Providers offer an integrated service only 23% of the time, warm referrals 34% of the time, and cold referrals 43% of the time. A focus on referral systems at the individual ER Provider level, and system level through a joined-up approach, might lead to better outcomes for Service Users. The program logic and theory of change for ER have been documented with input from the research findings and included in Section 4.3 on page 31. These show that ER helps people facing a financial crisis to meet their immediate needs, avoid further harm, and access a path to recovery. The research demonstrates that ER is fundamental to supporting vulnerable people in Australia and should therefore continue to be funded by government.
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Perez-Vincent, Santiago M., and Enrique Carreras. Domestic Violence Reporting during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003744.

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This article examines changes in the frequency and characteristics of domestic violence reports after the start of the pandemic and the imposition of mobility restrictions in six Latin American countries. The study uses three types of data sources: calls to domestic violence hotlines (for the City of Buenos Aires in Argentina, Colombia, and Peru); calls to emergency lines (for Ecuador, Lima in Peru, and Costa Rica); and police/legal complaints (for Colombia, Ecuador, and Uruguay). Data through June 2020 shows that the pandemic's impact on domestic violence reports varied significantly across countries, periods, types of violence, and reporting channels. Calls to domestic violence hotlines soared, but calls to emergency lines and police complaints fell (especially in the first weeks of the pandemic). Significantly distinct patterns are observed between reports of psychological and physical violence, and non-cohabitant and cohabitant violence. These patterns are consistent with the pandemic changing the relative incidence of different types of violence and altering the perceived costs of reporting them through alternative channels. Increases in calls to domestic violence hotlines suggest that this channel was best suited to respond to victims' needs during the pandemic. In turn, the drop in legal complaints and calls to comprehensive emergency lines are consistent with an increase in the perceived (relative) cost of using these channels. The findings reveal how the pandemic altered domestic violence victims' demand for institutional help and highlight the relevance of domestic violence hotlines as an accessible and valuable service.
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Totten, Annette, Dana M. Womack, Marian S. McDonagh, Cynthia Davis-O’Reilly, Jessica C. Griffin, Ian Blazina, Sara Grusing, and Nancy Elder. Improving Rural Health Through Telehealth-Guided Provider-to-Provider Communication. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer254.

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Objectives. To assess the use, effectiveness, and implementation of telehealth-supported provider-to-provider communication and collaboration for the provision of healthcare services to rural populations and to inform a scientific workshop convened by the National Institutes of Health Office of Disease Prevention on October 12–14, 2021. Data sources. We conducted a comprehensive literature search of Ovid MEDLINE®, CINAHL®, Embase®, and Cochrane CENTRAL. We searched for articles published from January 1, 2015, to October 12, 2021, to identify data on use of rural provider-to-provider telehealth (Key Question 1) and the same databases for articles published January 1, 2010, to October 12, 2021, for studies of effectiveness and implementation (Key Questions 2 and 3) and to identify methodological weaknesses in the research (Key Question 4). Additional sources were identified through reference lists, stakeholder suggestions, and responses to a Federal Register notice. Review methods. Our methods followed the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Methods Guide (available at https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/topics/cer-methods-guide/overview) and the PRISMA reporting guidelines. We used predefined criteria and dual review of abstracts and full-text articles to identify research results on (1) regional or national use, (2) effectiveness, (3) barriers and facilitators to implementation, and (4) methodological weakness in studies of provider-to-provider telehealth for rural populations. We assessed the risk of bias of the effectiveness studies using criteria specific to the different study designs and evaluated strength of evidence (SOE) for studies of similar telehealth interventions with similar outcomes. We categorized barriers and facilitators to implementation using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and summarized methodological weaknesses of studies. Results. We included 166 studies reported in 179 publications. Studies on the degree of uptake of provider-to-provider telehealth were limited to specific clinical uses (pharmacy, psychiatry, emergency care, and stroke management) in seven studies using national or regional surveys and claims data. They reported variability across States and regions, but increasing uptake over time. Ninety-seven studies (20 trials and 77 observational studies) evaluated the effectiveness of provider-to-provider telehealth in rural settings, finding that there may be similar rates of transfers and lengths of stay with telehealth for inpatient consultations; similar mortality rates for remote intensive care unit care; similar clinical outcomes and transfer rates for neonates; improvements in medication adherence and treatment response in outpatient care for depression; improvements in some clinical monitoring measures for diabetes with endocrinology or pharmacy outpatient consultations; similar mortality or time to treatment when used to support emergency assessment and management of stroke, heart attack, or chest pain at rural hospitals; and similar rates of appropriate versus inappropriate transfers of critical care and trauma patients with specialist telehealth consultations for rural emergency departments (SOE: low). Studies of telehealth for education and mentoring of rural healthcare providers may result in intended changes in provider behavior and increases in provider knowledge, confidence, and self-efficacy (SOE: low). Patient outcomes were not frequently reported for telehealth provider education, but two studies reported improvement (SOE: low). Evidence for telehealth interventions for other clinical uses and outcomes was insufficient. We identified 67 program evaluations and qualitative studies that identified barriers and facilitators to rural provider-to-provider telehealth. Success was linked to well-functioning technology; sufficient resources, including time, staff, leadership, and equipment; and adequate payment or reimbursement. Some considerations may be unique to implementation of provider-to-provider telehealth in rural areas. These include the need for consultants to better understand the rural context; regional initiatives that pool resources among rural organizations that may not be able to support telehealth individually; and programs that can support care for infrequent as well as frequent clinical situations in rural practices. An assessment of methodological weaknesses found that studies were limited by less rigorous study designs, small sample sizes, and lack of analyses that address risks for bias. A key weakness was that studies did not assess or attempt to adjust for the risk that temporal changes may impact the results in studies that compared outcomes before and after telehealth implementation. Conclusions. While the evidence base is limited, what is available suggests that telehealth supporting provider-to-provider communications and collaboration may be beneficial. Telehealth studies report better patient outcomes in some clinical scenarios (e.g., outpatient care for depression or diabetes, education/mentoring) where telehealth interventions increase access to expertise and high-quality care. In other applications (e.g., inpatient care, emergency care), telehealth results in patient outcomes that are similar to usual care, which may be interpreted as a benefit when the purpose of telehealth is to make equivalent services available locally to rural residents. Most barriers to implementation are common to practice change efforts. Methodological weaknesses stem from weaker study designs, such as before-after studies, and small numbers of participants. The rapid increase in the use of telehealth in response to the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is likely to produce more data and offer opportunities for more rigorous studies.
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Wyndham, Amber, Emile Elias, Joel R. Brown, Michael A. Wilson, and Albert Rango. Drought Vulnerability Assessment to Inform Grazing Practices on Rangelands in Southeast Arizona and Southwest New Mexico’s Major Land Resource Area 41. United States. Department of Agriculture. Southwest Climate Hub, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6818230.ch.

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Increased climate variability, including more frequent and intense drought, is projected for the southwestern region of the United States. Increased temperatures and reduced precipitation lower soil water availability, resulting in decreased plant productivity and altered species composition, which may affect forage quality and quantity. Reduced forage quality and increased heat stress attributable to warmer temperatures could lead to decreased livestock performance in this system, which is extensively used for livestock grazing. Mitigating the effects of increasing drought is critical to social and ecological stability in the region. Reduced stocking rates and/or a change in livestock breeds and/or grazing practices are general recommendations that could be implemented to cope with increased climatic stress. Ecological Sites (ESs) and their associated state-and-transition models (STMs) are tools to help land managers implement and evaluate responses to disturbances. The projected change in climate will vary depending upon geographic location. Vulnerability assessments and adaptation strategies are necessary at the local level to inform local management decisions and help to ameliorate the effects of climate change on rangelands. The USDA Southwest Climate Hub and the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) worked together to produce this drought vulnerability assessment at the Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) level: it is based on ESs/STMs that will help landowners and government agencies to identify and develop adaptation options for drought on rangelands. The assessment illustrates how site-specific information can be used to help minimize the effects of drought on rangelands and to support informed decision-making for selecting management adaptations within MLRA 41.
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Wyndham, Amber, Emile Elias, Joel R. Brown, Michael A. Wilson, and Albert Rango. Drought Vulnerability Assessment to Inform Grazing Practices on Rangelands of Southeastern Colorado’s Major Land Resource Area 69. United States. Department of Agriculture. Southwest Climate Hub, January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6876399.ch.

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Increased climate variability, including more frequent and intense drought, is projected for the southwestern region of the United States. Increased temperatures and reduced precipitation lower soil water availability resulting in decreased plant productivity and altering species composition which may affect forage quality and quantity. Reduced forage quality and increased heat stress attributable to warmer temperatures could lead to decreased livestock performance in this system, which is extensively used for livestock grazing. Mitigating the effects of increasing drought is critical to social and ecological stability in the region. Reduced stocking rates, change in livestock breeds and/or grazing practices are general recommendations that could be implemented to cope with increased climatic stress. Ecological Sites (ESs) and their associated state and transition models (STMs) are tools to help land managers implement and evaluate responses to disturbances. The projected change in climate will vary depending on geographic location. Vulnerability assessments and adaptation strategies are needed at the local level to inform local management decisions and help ameliorate the effects of climate change on rangelands. The USDA Southwest Climate Hub and Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) worked together to produce this drought vulnerability assessment at the Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) level based on ESs/STMs that will help landowners and government agencies identify and develop adaptation options for drought on rangelands. The assessment illustrates how site-specific information can be used to help minimize the effects of drought on rangelands and support informed decision-making for selecting management adaptations within MLRA 69.
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Wyndham, Amber, Emile Elias, Joel Brown, Michael Wilson, and Albert Rango Rango. Drought Vulnerability Assessment to Inform Grazing Practices on Rangelands in Southeast Arizona and Southwest New Mexico’s Major Land Resource Area 41. USDA Southwest Climate Hub, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6947060.ch.

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Increased climate variability, including more frequent and intense drought, is projected for the southwestern region of the United States. Increased temperatures and reduced precipitation lower soil water availability, resulting in decreased plant productivity and altered species composition, which may affect forage quality and quantity. Reduced forage quality and increased heat stress attributable to warmer temperatures could lead to decreased livestock performance in this system, which is extensively used for livestock grazing. Mitigating the effects of increasing drought is critical to social and ecological stability in the region. Reduced stocking rates and/or a change in livestock breeds and/or grazing practices are general recommendations that could be implemented to cope with increased climatic stress. Ecological Sites (ESs) and their associated state-and-transition models (STMs) are tools to help land managers implement and evaluate responses to disturbances. The projected change in climate will vary depending upon geographic location. Vulnerability assessments and adaptation strategies are necessary at the local level to inform local management decisions and help to ameliorate the effects of climate change on rangelands. The USDA Southwest Climate Hub and the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) worked together to produce this drought vulnerability assessment at the Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) level: it is based on ESs/STMs that will help landowners and government agencies to identify and develop adaptation options for drought on rangelands. The assessment illustrates how site-specific information can be used to help minimize the effects of drought on rangelands and to support informed decision-making for selecting management adaptations within MLRA 41.
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