Journal articles on the topic 'French travel narrative'
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1
Bédard-Goulet, Sara. "Carte blanche to Travel Narrative." Journeys 22, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/jys.2021.220103.
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The “spatial turn” in the humanities has pointed out how space is produced and how it is affected by power relations, while critical geography has identified the impact of these relations on cartographic representation of space. The presence of maps in travel narratives thus carries certain ideologies and influences the narratives. In Un livre blanc: récit avec cartes [ A Blank Book: Narrative with Maps ] (2007), contemporary French author Philippe Vasset attempts to describe the fifty blank spaces that he has noticed on the topographic map of Paris and its suburbs and visited over a one-year period. This article analyzes the major impact of maps on this narrative and the representation of space that it creates. Despite a direct experience of these “blank spaces”, the narrator is affected by a “cartographic performativity” that prompts him to treat space as a map, and he aims to write as a disembodied cartographer.
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Scott, David. "Simultaneity of Time and Weather in ‘Exotic’ Climates: The Experience of French Writers in Africa and the Americas." Nottingham French Studies 51, no. 1 (March 2012): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/nfs.2012.0011.
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This paper sets out to explore the ways in which certain climates (desert or jungle) perceived by western travellers to be ‘exotic’ affect their perceptions of time and weather (in French the word ‘temps’ covers the meaning of both English words). A particular effect repeatedly noted by nineteenth and twentieth-century French travel writers is that of simultaneity, either of weather patterns in certain mountain (vertical) or desert (horizontal) environments, and/or of a telescoping or dilation of linear temporal sequence. The disorientation experienced as a result of this, combined with a lack of narrative or historical reference in the spaces travelled through, leads typically to a feeling of lack of time or the illusion of entry into a mythical time. The implications of this phenomenon will be explored in the work of three French travel books: Eugène Fromentin's Un Eté dans le Sahara (1856); Henri Michaux's Ecuador (1928) and Jean Baudrillard's Amérique (1986).
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Fleuret, Sebastien. "Backpackers’ Tourism and Health: A Narrative Literature Review." Geographies 4, no. 1 (January 9, 2024): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geographies4010003.
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Backpackers are an unusual category of travellers. Their unique mobility patterns, spatial practices, and the areas they travel through expose them to health situations that remain largely unexplored to date. This article conducts a narrative literature review (across six different databases in English and French) in this domain and highlights key contributions. The results show that backpackers frequently experience health problems during their trips. They are described as being more at risk than other tourists and more inclined to adopt harmful behaviours. However, the majority of related studies lack contextualisation, which is an advantage of geographical analysis. Moreover, given the limited volume of the existing literature, this review serves as an invitation to geographers to delve deeper into this intriguing field.
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Tritha, Abdelaziz. "Travelling to the Secular or Journeying Inside The Self: Jurje Zaidane’s Gaze on European Modernity (Rihla Ila Oroba 1912, A Travel To Europe)." International Journal of Language and Literary Studies 6, no. 1 (March 11, 2024): 243–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.36892/ijlls.v6i1.1561.
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Starting from his confrontational allegiance and parochial thesis, namely in his Essays and Lectures of William Robertson Smith(1912), William Robertson Smith discredits Arab travellers for their zealous keenness to discover Western cultural intricacies. He has examined the cultural practices and social kinships of Semite people and studied their theologies. William Robertson Smith went as far as to assume that “The Arabian traveller is quite different from ourselves. The labour of moving from place to place is a mere nuisance to him, he has no enjoyment in the effort, and grumbles at hunger or fatigue with all his might” (Smith, 1912, p: 498). My particular interest is in Jurje Zaidane’s Rihla Ila Oroba (1912) as a culturally inspired travel account to France and England. It is not only a voyage to discern the intricacies of the Western civilizational repositories but an interesting endeavour to demonstrate the long-standing tradition of Arabs’ presence in British and French cultural repertoire. His voyage shows the extent to which Arabs were inspired by Western modern logos. Jurje Zaidane minutely lingers on infinitesimal details of each country. I argue that this travel is a parallel occidentalist discourse that tries to create a counter-discursive narrative. Jurje Zaidane, from the perspective of a well-versed essayist, novelist and erudite traveller, cross-examines French and English cultural contexts. Ranging from the narration of public spaces to comments on French and English women, the journey towards the Other is vicariously shifted to Self-inquiry and discovery. Broached from a postcolonial micro-historicist approach, this paper aims at stultifying both the orientalist discourse and the occidentalist premise predicated on Hassan Hanafi’s allegiance to Occidentalism. This article concludes that Zaidane’s travel displays heterogeneous discourses that do not re-install sharp divisive between the East and the West.
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Dulović, Marija. "L’IMAGE DU MONTENEGRO ET UN POINT DU VUE SUR LA NARRATION DANS LETTRES SUR L’ADRIATIQUE ET LE MONTENEGRO DE XAVIER MARMIER." La mémoire et ses enjeux. Balkans – France: regards croisés, X/ 2019 (December 30, 2019): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.31902/fll.29.2019.14.
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IMAGE OF MONTENEGRO AND VIEWPOINT ON NARRATION IN XAVIER MARMIER’S LETTERS ON THE ADRIATIC AND MONTENEGRO In the present article, we intend to present Letters on the Adriatic and Montenegro by Xavier Marmier, a French traveller and writer who took many trips around the world, including Montenegro in 1852. His journey is described in two volumes, and the second one is mainly devoted to Montenegro (six out of eight chapters). He spent two months in Montenegro and wrote a beautiful testimony of this period, relying on the historical facts, testimonies of the inhabitants and on his personal impressions. In the first part of our paper, we provide a summary of his writing on Montenegro, focusing on points such as the historical context, the living conditions of the people, as well as on their customs and traditions. In the second part, we propose a reflection on the narration and more precisely on the narrative temporality in this work. We seek to identify the different temporal markers in order to explain the use of certain tenses in the narrative. Key words: Montenegro, Xavier Marmier, travel writing, narration, temporality
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Esser, Helena. "Material Girls: Moulin Rouge!’s Neo-Victorian Spectacle and the Real Courtesans of Paris." Victorian Popular Fictions Journal 4, no. 1 (June 29, 2022): 112–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.46911/irpl4110.
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This article discusses Baz Luhrmann’s 2001 juke-box musical film Moulin Rouge! and its failure to re-think gender despite its clever remix of late-Victorian mass media. After introductions that consider the film’s postmodern mashups of high and low, commonplaces from nineteenth- and twentieth-century popular cultures, the article examines courtesan narratives rooted in two famous novels that the film plays with: La dame aux camélias (1852) by Alexandre Dumas fils and Nana (1880) by Émile Zola. It contrasts them with the lives of real, French celebrity courtesans in order to show the narrative paths of successful powerful women at the fin de siècle that Moulin Rouge! chose not to travel, preferring to endorse, however, ironically, the conservative gender stereotype of women as objects punished for attempting to take charge of their lives and destroyed by consumption in its double sense.
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EDWARDS, NATALIE, and CHRISTOPHER HOGARTH. "Resisting Linguistic Rules in French-Australian Writing." Australian Journal of French Studies 59, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 60–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/ajfs.2022.06.
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Recent scholarship has posited the experience of migration as a source of creative, experimental possibilities that allow writers to contest fixed forms of identity; it has also questioned monolingual, monocultural understandings of national literatures that yoke one language to one nation. Building on such work, this article considers French migrant writing that breaks linguistic rules and challenges the norms of national literatures by analyzing various attitudes testifying to multilingualism and linguistic differences in the works of Paul Wenz, Didier Coste and Catherine Rey—authors who had embarked upon their writing careers before migrating, who have settled in Australia and who write from a position of stability and permanence. While travel writers use English to nuance their texts about journeys through Anglophone regions, they ultimately do not displace the primary importance of French in their texts. By contrast, the texts of the writers considered herein articulate both unique understandings of linguistic identity and resistance to linguistic fixity as well as innovative narrative strategies to communicate both.
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Subrahmanyam, Sanjay. "Once bitten, twice shy: A French traveller and go-between in Mughal India, 1648–67." Indian Economic & Social History Review 58, no. 2 (April 2021): 153–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019464621997863.
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This article examines the materials around François le Gouz de la Boullaye, a French gentilhomme (gentleman or minor aristocrat) from the Anjou Province of western France, who visited India twice, once in the late 1640s, and again in the mid-1660s. The result of his first visit, in which he mostly spent time in Surat and Goa, was an extended travel-narrative, the Voyages et Observations, of which two editions appeared in 1653 and 1657. On this basis, Boullaye became a fairly well-known ‘expert’ on Islamic and Indian affairs in Louis XIV’s France. Because of his reputation, he was then chosen as a member of an embassy sent to open trading relations with Safavid Iran and Mughal India in 1664 on behalf of the French Compagnie des Indes. This second visit was not a great success on account of misconceptions regarding diplomatic protocols and because of deep rivalries and divisions amongst rival French actors, including celebrated travellers like Bernier and Tavernier.
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Pennéguès, Maëlle. "A Newly Unearthed Travelogue: Relation to Siam in 1685, by Jean Basset." Journal of the Siam Society 112, no. 1 (June 1, 2024): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.69486/112.1.2024.8a.
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This notice introduces a newly discovered travelogue by Jean Basset, detailing his 1685 journey to Siam as part of the French embassy led by Chevalier de Chaumont. Preserved in Lyon, the manuscript offers fresh insights into the young missionary’s experiences, complementing existing accounts of 17th-century diplomatic relations. Basset’s narrative, marked by factual detail and occasional personal reflections, sheds light on the challenges of maritime travel and diplomatic encounters. Furthermore, his portrayal of Siamese culture, particularly Buddhism, invites nuanced exploration. This rediscovery not only enriches our understanding of historical maritime voyages but also offers a raw, unfiltered glimpse into the experiences of a young missionary navigating foreign cultures.
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Pérez-Simon, Maud. "The Khan as ‘Meta-Emperor’ in Marco Polo’s Devisement du Monde." Medieval History Journal 20, no. 2 (September 21, 2017): 385–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971945817718650.
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Marco Polo’s Le Devisement du Monde (end of the thirteenth century) is one of the earliest, longest and more detailed travelogues of the Middle Ages. Widely read, the text not only describes the travels of its protagonist, but equally furnishes a comprehensive overview of Mongolian culture, society and territories. This article analyses the categories Marco Polo uses in order to describe the Khan’s realm and his exercise of power. The author rarely uses the notion of emperor in his narrative, although he clearly recognises the Khan’s claim to universal rule. The reasons behind this reluctance can be explained in several ways. First, Marco Polo became acquainted with the main languages in the regions under Mongolian rule; it might thus have seemed natural to him to use the ‘correct’ titles. Second, the French vernacular word ‘empire’ might have been reserved, in his mind, for the rulers of the ‘Roman Empire’ (in the Latin West and/or the Greek East). Finally, it seems that Marco Polo sought to ascribe to the Khans a kind of power and authority that surpassed even the might of the emperors in Europe, and this specificity could best be expressed by using a Mongolian title that, finally, was not entirely synonymous with the notion of empereur. All in all, these observations imply that the Devisement du Monde can be read not only as a travel narrative, but also as a treatise on the understanding of imperial power.
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López-Peláez Casellas, Jesús. "Strangers at home: The Textual Construction of the Sherley Brothers." Sederi, no. 23 (2013): 33–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.34136/sederi.2013.2.
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During the first half of the seventeenth century various written accounts of the adventures of the three Sherley brothers – Thomas, Anthony and Robert – were published in England. These texts, in some cases written by the Sherleys themselves, often contributed to building an unproblematic and positive vision of the three brothers and their adventures in Persia, Turkey, and throughout Europe. However, an examination of the way in which all these texts (pamphlets, autobiographical writings, travel accounts, government documents, and private and official letters) interact with each other, together with the additional information provided by French and Spanish documents not accessible to an early modern audience in England, allows us to retrieve a Sherleyan narrative which, like the period in which it was produced, appears full of contradiction and new meanings.
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Arustamova, Anna A. "David Burliuk in Color and Rhyme Magazine. Article 2. Across Epochs and Cultures: A Journey to France, 1949." Literature of the Americas, no. 14 (2023): 357–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2541-7894-2023-14-357-372.
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In 1949 Maria and David Burliuk made a trip to France “following Van Gogh” in order to restore the memory of the French painter's stay in Arles. This trip was embodied in a series of Burliuk’s paintings and in the text Journeys available in Russian (handwritten manuscript) and in English (magazine publication). The paper considers author’s narrative strategies in both versions of the travel journal; special attention is paid to the subjective organization of the text. One can hear the voices of Marusya Burliuk as well as her husband’s although she employs the author’s we. Complex narrative structure of the text is construed with a number of techniques, the most important one being switching of point of view. The paper focuses on the goals of the journey that were set by the travelers and on the ways they were reflected in the text. It is shown that the trip to France, first of all, was aimed at strengthening Burliuk's reputation as an “American Van Gogh”, and, next, at commemorating the French painter and preserving his heritage. The publication in the magazine Color and Rhyme is a unique complex work based on the interaction of both visual and textual material, it includes ekphrases, literary allusions, an epistolary, reprints of materials from the press, American reviews of the Burliuk’s works, etc. There are lots of descriptions, genre scenes, literary portraits, masterfully created by Marusya Burliuk in the published version of the journey, while on the handwritten version reflects private, intimate aspects of the journey (letters to the family).
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Wolfart, H. Christoph. "Lahontan’s Bestseller." Historiographia Linguistica 16, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1989): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.16.1-2.02wol.
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Summary Among the early descriptions of the Algonquian languages of New France, the Petit Dictionaire (1703) of the baron de Lahontan stands out, despite its modest size, as the first vocabulary to appear in print. Thanks to the remarkable success of his Nouveaux Voyages, to which it forms an appendix, Lahontan’s Algonquin (Ojibwa) vocabulary became very widely known, serving as either model or source for many successors (including, it appears, the first printed vocabulary for Cree). On the evidence of a set of verb stems exhibiting a common non-initial morpheme (*-êl-), Lahontan’s analytical approach appears consistent in the segmentation of the inflexional prefixes, but the morpheme which defines this set is variously recorded with either l or r. The further variation between the French and English editions of 1703 sheds some light on the editorial process, and the general congruence between the occasional Algonquin word in his travel narratives and those in the Petit Dictionaire seems to corroborate Lahontan’s account of his efforts at language learning. The political establishment and his Jesuit detractors notwithstanding, Lahontan’s Algonquin vocabulary proved to be as influential in its domain as his narrative and philosophical writings were in the intellectual and literary world of the 18th century.
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de Miranda, Luis. "Life Is Strange and “Games Are Made”: A Philosophical Interpretation of a Multiple-Choice Existential Simulator With Copilot Sartre." Games and Culture 13, no. 8 (November 23, 2016): 825–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1555412016678713.
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The multiple-choice video game Life is Strange was described by its French developers as a metaphor for the inner conflicts experienced by a teenager in trying to become an adult. In psychological work with adolescents, there is a stark similarity between what they experience and some concepts of existentialist philosophy. Sartre’s script for the movie Les Jeux Sont Faits (literally “games are made”) uses the same narrative strategy as Life is Strange—the capacity for the main characters to travel back in time to change their own existence—in order to stimulate philosophical, ethical, and political thinking and also to effectively simulate existential “limit situations.” This article is a dialogue between Sartre’s views and Life is Strange in order to examine to what extent questions such as what is freedom? what is choice? what is autonomy and responsibility? can be interpreted anew in hybrid digital–human—“anthrobotic”—environments.
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Mai, Anne-Marie. "Historien som scene hos Ludvig Holberg og Charlotta Dorothea Biehl." Sjuttonhundratal 8 (October 1, 2011): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/4.2396.
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<p>Ludvig Holberg (1684-1754) and Charlotta Dorothea Biehl (1731-1788) are two key figures of the Nordic Enlightenment. The Norwegian Holberg took his philosophical and theological degrees from the University of Copenhagen at an early age and travelled around Europe accumulating knowledge for his historical writings. Holberg made a splendid career at the University of Copenhagen both as a professor and vice-chancellor and published historical works, satires, comedies, essays, fables, and autobiographical letters. As a woman, Biehl was barred from university education and public office. Her world was confined to her childhood home, and she never had the opportunity to travel. In return, she immersed herself in studies of language and theatre, reading with great enthusiasm Holberg's writings. She became a comedy writer and a novelist, and also wrote historical works and historical letters. The paper discusses how Biehl and Holberg made performing arts and historiography inspire each other. History is in their depictions not only a royal chronology, but a vivid narrative. Holberg's and Biehl's approaches to historical study drew on different traditions: Holberg was influenced by ancient historiography while Biehl was inspired by the French chronicle; therefore, their historical writings have very different contents and designs.</p>
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Witt-Jauch, Martina. "Image versus imagination." Alphaville: Journal of Film and Screen Media, no. 4 (December 21, 2012): 83–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/alpha.4.06.
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While the 1962 French science fiction film La Jetée presents a straightforward narrative premise, it nonetheless details the story of a man who “becomes a human projectile to be pro-jeté through time,” as Paul Sandro claims. Incriminating the audience in a theatre of cruelty, the film moves through the past and future via the mental time-travel of the protagonist in a series of stills, which appear independent from the consciousness of the agent. In the course of events, the protagonist builds a cognitive map out of this chaotic sequence of memories that allows him to then create new spaces of thought. The first mention of the “theatre of cruelty” by Antonin Artaud in 1935, considered pain and terror to be the most important elements of any kind of play or film. The protagonist's situation of constantly chasing his own ghost and restoring his memory corresponds to these conditions and thus opens up new venues of considering cruelty, and in extension trauma, as an important third element in Chris Marker's film. His film La Jetée created a filmic embodiment of this interplay in both the redemptive yet productive powers of memory and the cyclical notion of time as it manifests itself in the mind of the protagonist and viewer.
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Assaf, Matheus, and Pedro Garcia Duarte. "Utility Matters." History of Political Economy 52, no. 5 (October 1, 2020): 863–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-8671855.
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The present-day standard textbook narrative on the history of growth theory usually takes Robert Solow’s 1956 contribution as a key starting point, which was extended by David Cass and Tjalling Koopmans in 1965 by introducing an intertemporal maximization problem that defines the saving ratio in the economy. However, the road connecting Solow to the Ramsey-Cass-Koopmans model is not so straightforward. We argue that in order to understand Koopmans’s contribution, we have to go to the activity analysis literature that started before Solow 1956 and never had him as a central reference. We stress the role played by Edmond Malinvaud, with whom Koopmans interacted closely, and take his travel from the French milieu of mathematical economics to the Cowles Commission in 1950-51 and back to France as a guiding line. The rise of turnpike theory in the end of the 1950s generated a debate on the choice criteria of growth programs, opposing the productive efficiency typical of these models to the utilitarian approach supported by Malinvaud and Koopmans. The Vatican Conference of 1963, where Koopmans presented a first version of his 1965 model, was embedded in this debate. We argue that Malinvaud’s (and Koopmans’s) contributions were crucial to steer the activity analysis literature toward a utilitarian analysis of growth paths.
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Aleksandrova, Maria V. "The image of the Russian province in the travelogues of the XIX century foreign travelers (on the materials of the Yaroslavl province)." World of Russian-speaking countries 1, no. 7 (2021): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/2658-7866-2021-1-7-111-118.
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The article is devoted to the research of foreigners' perception of social and cultural realities of the 19th century Yaroslavl province, using travel notes of French writers and publicists Astolphe de Custine, Alexandre Dumas, Theophile Gautier as an example. The author studies specific construction and representation of the Russian provincial images, addressed to the European reader. Comparing the travelogues of foreign travellers with the Russian texts and historical sources, the author assesses the degree of influence of the author's personality on the narrative and the specifics of the perception of Russian reality by representatives of different cultures. The Yaroslavl province, which is a common location to the three texts, is a relevant example of presenting the image of Russia in the travelogue genre. The objects of the study are the descriptions by foreign authors of Yaroslavl, Rybinsk, Romanov-Borisoglebsk (Tutaev), Uglich, the countryside and the means of transportation. The study reflects the trends towards representing the features of everyday life of different Russian society strata (peasants, nobility), the specifics of the «Russian type» of appearance and Russian character, urban policy and the architectural styles of provincial towns, and the economic aspects of everyday life. The authors of the travesties under study pay attention to stories from Russian history and strive to give a coherent characteristic of the locations. The analysis of the texts reveals such features of the authors' narrative as subjectivity, imprecision, interest in ethnographic and anthropological aspects, and an emphasis on exotic aspects of Russian life for the European reader. The travelogues in question are marked by the desire to construct Russia's artistic image and create a fascinating plot, and by the influence of the author's position and personal image of the author
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Solovev, Andrei Iu. "The meeting of a Russian with Europe in the travel writings of Peter the Great’s era (A.A.Matveev)." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature 19, no. 3 (2022): 486–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2022.305.
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The paper revises the traditional view at the travel writings of the era of Peter the Great. They are usually considered as naive works, and content of these works as identical to the biographies of it’s authors. The method of historical and linguistic research of V.M.Zhivov on the language of Russian writing is applied to the material of travelogues. The main purpose is to account for the pragmatics of the utterance in travel literature as in a phenomenon synthesizing heterogeneous features in principle and in the transitional Peter’s Era in particular. The paper is focused on the notes of the diplomat A.A.Matveev, compiled by him for himself as a result of his journey from the Hague to Paris (1705–1706). The narrative technique in Matveev’s text is examined (descriptions of the monuments of the French capital and the inscriptions to them in Latin), and it is shown that we should not reduce the function of Matveev’s work to purely diplomatic tasks of his actual journey. The descriptions recorded in Matveev’s text were politically charged: the author not only collected samples of inscriptions, but also demonstrated a new way for Russia to glorify the reigning monarch. This peculiar collection of Matveev is also considered in the context of cultural phenomena that were relevant at the beginning of the 18th century: private and court collections of rarities, embossing of commemorative medals, etc. The conclusion is made that borrowed elements change their function in the travelogue. In the historical and literary perspective, we must bring such works as Matveev’s notes out of the zone of marginal literary phenomena. In general, this allows us to see the key trends of the transitional period of the history of Russian literature. It is more appropriate to consider these processes not to state the Western European origin of individual elements of culture, but to analyze their pragmatics associated with the demarcation from the old Russian culture.
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McGregor, Andrew. "Liminal lieux de mémoire." Francosphères 10, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/franc.2021.6.
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This article examines the representation of postcolonial memory in Tony Gatlif’s 2004 film Exils / Exiles. The constant movement that occurs in the film through travel, music, and dance reinforces the permanent dislocation of the film’s pied-noir and beurette protagonists. The film’s road-movie narrative represents, on the one hand, a gravitational pull away from the French Republican integrationist ‘centre’ towards an increasingly complex and diverse landscape of cultural identities linked by France’s colonial history, and on the other, a sense of nostalgia for an Algeria that no longer exists and may never have existed. In so doing, Exils represents modern metropolitan France as a dynamic and polycentric postcolonial space whose lieux de mémoire can and should be positioned not only in geographical and cultural territories that lie outside its contemporary national borders, but also in the liminal spaces that characterize the migrant experience. In line with the title of Gatlif’s film, the protagonists find themselves in a state of permanent exile, both from Algeria and from France. The ‘destination’ of the return to cultural origin, Algeria, emerges as a fundamental but nevertheless mirage-like lieu de mémoire that, notwithstanding its cultural and geographical significance, serves primarily to facilitate a deeper understanding by the protagonists of their personal and collective identity that has long been internalized in the unanchored liminal space of the postcolonial migrant journey.
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Anane, Chiraz. "Variation et hétérogénéité de récits en français de jeunes élèves tunisiens." Travaux neuchâtelois de linguistique, no. 34-35 (October 1, 2001): 323–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.26034/tranel.2001.2563.
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Arabic and French are fluently spoken in Tunisia. However, the position of French language is variable. In fact, it isn’t uniformly spoken by all the people. This language is more present in the capital and in the big towns (in urban area) and may be absent in other towns (specially in the rural area). Children learn first Tunisian Arabic. At school, they learn the literal Arabic (since the first year school), then they start learning French from the third year of primary school. The variable position of French language may influence the acquisition process of this language. We propose to analyse some narrative productions of 10 pupils selected in two schools (one in a urban area, another in a rural area) in order to observe the development of French language. We pay a particular attention to the narrative structure and the time expression in these productions.
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Camiscioli, Elisa. "Coercion and Choice." French Historical Studies 42, no. 3 (August 1, 2019): 483–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00161071-7558357.
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Abstract This article employs police investigations of the “traffic in women” between France and Argentina in the first three decades of the twentieth century to highlight the multiple narratives in play when contemporaries talked about trafficking and relayed their experiences of it. While the dominant narrative of “white slavery” in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries emphasized coercion, sexual exploitation, and victimization, many young working-class women described the journey to Argentina in terms of perceived opportunity, whether for money, travel, or freedom. This is not to downplay the social and economic vulnerability of these women and the precarious lives they led in French and Argentine cities. Instead, the article emphasizes the inadequacy of many existing frameworks for discussing sex trafficking, and prostitution more generally, as they rely too heavily on a stark division between coercion and choice. Cet article repose sur une analyse d'enquêtes de police portant sur la « traite des femmes » entre la France et l'Argentine durant le premier tiers du vingtième siècle. Il met l'accent sur la multiplicité des discours évoquant la traite, et l'expérience des femmes impliquées. Si, à la fin du dix-neuvième et au début du vingtième siècle, le discours dominant à propos de la « traite des blanches » souligne la coercition, l'exploitation sexuelle et la victimisation, de nombreuses femmes appartenant à la classe ouvrière décrivent leur périple en Argentine comme une opportunité de gagner plus d'argent, de voyager, ou de saisir leur liberté. Cet article ne vise cependant à minimiser ni le rôle de la vulnérabilité économique et sociale de ces femmes, ni leur vie précaire dans les villes de France et d'Argentine. Il cherche plutôt à mettre en évidence le caractère inadapté des différents paradigmes existants pour aborder le sujet du trafic sexuel, et plus généralement de la prostitution, ainsi que la manière dont ces paradigmes reposent sur une division trop marquée entre le choix et la contrainte.
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Vorotyntsev, Leonid V., and Teymur R. Galimov. "“Poisoned” khans: the phenomenon of the sudden death of rulers in the mental perception of medieval Mongols." Golden Horde Review 12, no. 2 (2024): 307–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22378/2313-6197.2024-12-2.307-319.
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Research objectives: To find out the real causes of death of the Mongolian khans Yesugei-baatur, Ogedei, and Guyuk, as well as the circumstances of the emergence of ideas about their poisoning, reflected in a number of narrative sources. Research materials: The work used the Mongolian historical and literary works “Mongol un-niucha tobchiyan” (“The Secret History of the Mongols”) and “Altan Tobchi” (“Golden Legend”), the Mongolian-Chinese dynastic chronicle “Yuan Shi”, as well as the works of the Hulaguid “chroniclers” Rashid al-Din (“Jami at-tawarih”) and Juveini ata-Malik (“Tarikh-i-jehangusha”). In addition, the information contained in the travel notes of the head of the papal embassy to the court of Guyuk Khagan – Giovanni del Plano Carpini – and the ambassador of the French King Louis IX, Guillaume Rubruk, were involved. Results and novelty of the study: the topic of reflection and interpretation in medieval written sources of the sudden deaths of Mongolian rulers has been beyond the attention of nomadic historians up to the present time. Because of this circumstance, the relevance of the problem raised in the study lies in considering one of the least studied aspects of the mental history of Eurasian nomads. The article examines several episodes related to the sudden death of three Mongolian khans (Yesugei-baatur, Ogedei, Guyuk) and the interpretation of these tragic events in narrative sources. Based on a critical analysis of the information presented in written sources, as well as the use of data from natural science disciplines (medicine, geography), the authors conclude that the misconceptions common in historical science about the violent nature of the deaths of the above-mentioned Mongolian rulers are false. According to the authors of the study, the causes of the sudden and premature deaths of Yesugei-baatur, Ogedei, and Guyuk were, respectively, food toxicological poisoning, the consequences of excessive alcohol consumption, and the progressive development of a chronic, incurable disease. It should be noted that the presented work is in the nature of an interdisciplinary study and is a thematic continuation of the article published in the journal “Golden Horde Review” in 2023 [8].
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Merrick, Paul W. "“Christ’s mighty shrine above His martyr’s tomb”: Byron and Liszt’s Journey to Rome." Studia Musicologica 55, no. 1-2 (June 2014): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/6.2014.55.1-2.2.
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The influence of Byron on Liszt was enormous, as is generally acknowledged. In particular the First Book of the Années de pèlerinage shows the poet’s influence in its choice of Byron epigraphs in English for four of the set of nine pieces. In his years of travel as a virtuoso pianist Liszt often referred to “mon byronisme.” The work by Byron that most affected Liszt is the long narrative poem Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage which was translated into many languages, including French. The word “pèlerinage” that replaced “voyageur” is a Byronic identity in Liszt’s thinking. The Byronic hero as Liszt saw him and imitated him in for example Mazeppa and Tasso is a figure who represented a positive force, suffering and perhaps a revolutionary, but definitely not a public enemy. Liszt’s life, viewed as a musical pilgrimage, led of course to Rome. Is it possible that Byron even influenced him in this direction? In this paper I try to give a portrait of the real Byron that hides behind the poseur of his literary works, and suggest that what drew Liszt to the English poet was precisely the man whom he sensed behind the artistic mask. Byron was not musical, but he was religious — as emerges from his life and his letters, a life which caused scandal to his English contemporaries. But today we can see that part of the youthful genius of the rebel Byron was his boldness in the face of hypocrisy and compromise — his heroism was simply to be true. In this we can see a parallel with the Liszt who left the piano and composed Christus. What look like incompatibilities are simply the connection between action and contemplation — between the journey and the goal. Byron, in fact, can help us follow the ligne intérieure which Liszt talked about in the 1830s.
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Chrobak, Marzena. "Komunikacja językowa w osiemnastowiecznych francuskich wyprawach naukowych do Laponii, Peru i Afryki Południowej." Między Oryginałem a Przekładem 27, no. 4(54) (December 21, 2021): 33–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/moap.27.2021.54.02.
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Interlingual Communication during French Scientific Expeditions to Lappland, Peru and South Africa in the 18th Century
In this paper, I try to outline the image of the interlingual communication during scientific expeditions by detecting and analysing remarks about such instances in the narratives by the expeditions’ commanders. I analyse a narrative of Maupertuis on his geodesic mission to Lappland (1734- 1735), two narratives of La Condamine on his geodesic mission to Peru (1735-1743), and two narratives of Le Vaillant on his travels across South Africa (1781-1784). During his short stay in Lappland, Maupertuis was assisted by a Swedish astronomer and by a Laponian, both speaking French and Finnish. La Condamine and Le Vaillant learned local languages (Spanish, Quechua; Hottentot, Namaqua) in order to eliminate the intermediation of an interpreter. In linguistically fragmented areas, they worked with random natural interpreters. French scientists also made use of the native inhabitants’ familiarity with European languages: official languages of the colonies (Spanish in Peru, Dutch in South Africa) and French, the language of social, cultural and scientific discourse in the 18th century, which they acquired for pleasure.
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Tahara, Izumi. "Adverbes temporels et point de vue: le cas de déjà et bientôt." Travaux neuchâtelois de linguistique, no. 45 (December 1, 2006): 99–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.26034/tranel.2006.2726.
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This paper presents a pragmatic study of two temporal adverbs in French, déjà and bientôt. The availability of various interpretations triggered by these expressions depending on the context is explored. We suggest that both these adverbs require a complex inferential calculus that should be explained by a procedure. We dedicate a particular attention to the effects of déjà and bientôt which give access to a subjective point of view in some narrative configurations.
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Zekri Masson, Souhir. "Marina Warner’s Inventory of A Life Mislaid: An Unreliable Memoir. From Memoir to Filiation Narrative." European Journal of Life Writing 13 (March 25, 2024): 28–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21827/ejlw.13.40272.
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Marina Warner’s Inventory of a Life Mislaid: An Unreliable Memoir (2021) is her second work belonging to the genre of life writing, more particularly the memoir. She had already written a biography, The Dragon Empress: The Life and Times of Tz’u-Hsi, Empress Dowager of China, 1835-1980, about a Chinese empress in 1972, but her memoir is more personal, rather focused on her parents’ marriage, life itineraries and travels through Italy, England and Egypt during and after WWII. Interestingly, many characteristics of her memoir fit with another life writing genre, identified by the French theorist Dominique Viart in the eighties as the ‘filiation narrative,’ initially in reference to French fiction of the same period. The filiation narrative focuses on a self-reflexive search for parental images, reconstructing the mother’s or father’s life through the excavation of documentation and archives, as well as speculation. This article will attempt to show how such thematic and structural features of the filiation narrative as ‘archeological’ narration, the use of archival documents and objects to restore a parent’s ‘lost’ life and, most importantly, the metabiographical aspect of the ‘enterprise’ are reflected, in various degrees, in Warner’s memoir, making it waver between fiction and non-fiction. These same features may thus pave the way for the English counterpart of the French ‘récit de filiation’ and build a pertinent generic continuity between both memoir and filiation narrative.
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Marschall, Matthias. "Construction de pratiques discursives dans l’apprentissage d’une langue étrangère: l’exemple de la stratification des informations et gestion de discours." Travaux neuchâtelois de linguistique, no. 38-39 (October 1, 2003): 167–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.26034/tranel.2003.2589.
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The goal of foreign language teaching (German for French-speaking learners) is to enable the pupil to act in communicational situations. This article tries to describe the emergence of practises learners create in order to respond to communicational needs. Therefore we do not compare the learner’s production to normative standards of the foreign language, but we consider these productions as complete speech acts in which learners create those linguistic tools they need in two text production settings. Our analysis is focussed on two linguistic structures, i.e. relative clauses and the distribution of discourse in narrative texts. These structures are not explicitly asked by the experimental setting, but systematically considered as being necessary to fulfil the text production task.
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Niang, Cheikh E. Abdoulaye. "Globalization and Missionary Ambition in West African Islam. The Fayda after Sheikh Ibrahim Niasse." Religions 12, no. 7 (July 8, 2021): 515. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12070515.
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For more than 10 years, we have been observing the Fayda Tijaniyya and its ramifications around the world. Starting in 2006 we have been conducting observations in Nigeria, Niger, Senegal and Mauritania. Between 2015 and 2017, we closely followed some developments of the Fayda in the French capital and in other European cities. In parallel to these field investigations, we have been interested in the new religious arrangements that are gradually emerging in the United Kingdom. More recently, in 2020, we benefited from a stay in the USA which allowed us to widen our observation framework. From there, we were able to collect empirical material consisting of several dozen interviews, direct observation notes, private and public documents (reports, administrative documents, correspondences, letters of recommendation, press articles, travel chronicles and private videos, among others). In the Fayda Ibrahimiyya, the global culture suggests an update of the mode of inheritance, but in addition it makes emerge a new framework of activity essentially composed of a device of formation with global character, of a hybrid diplomatic-religious space, finally of a humanitarian action which appears as a missionary presenza. We first show that the conjunction of these three registers of action has as a condition, a process of articulation and appropriation through which the actors of the Fayda manage to convince of the link of identity that prevails between their own history and that of the founder. The conclusion of the article is devoted to a critical discussion in which we postulate that the imagination of a homogeneous global community comes up against a form of local resistance that is a counterpoint and probably an anti-globalizing replica. The historical socio-anthropology of comprehensive inspiration that we favour allows us to finely approach the interdependencies between these three registers and the narrative elaborated locally by the supporters of this community. The paradigm of mobility in which we place the Fayda, allows us to grasp the scope of the globalization of practices and uses, as well as the tension that operates between a dynamic of continuity and a dynamic of rupture that crosses for some decades this religious community.
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Jullien, Stéphane. "Constructions syntaxiques et discours: les introductions de référents dans des narrations produites par des enfants présentant des troubles spécifiques du développement du langage oral et des enfants tout-venant." Travaux neuchâtelois de linguistique, no. 48 (September 1, 2008): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.26034/tranel.2008.2806.
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It is now generally admitted, following Lambrecht (1994), that word order in French is constrained by topicality and shared knowledge between speakers rather than defined by a strict SVO order. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to study how French-speaking children take into account the shared knowledge with the adult using syntactic constructions to introduce referents in narratives, the so-called global marking of information (Hickmann, 2003; Hickmann et al., 1996). The data were taken from a European research project1. The population of the study was composed of normal-speaking children, from 4 to 11 years of age, and of language-impaired children, from 6 to 11 years of age. We show here that, like local marking, the global marking of information is a late acquisition. Furthermore, syntactic constructions, such as il y a ('there is'), are not only involved in information structure but are engaged in discourse planning and constrained by the type of referent introduced. Moreover, we find that language-impaired children (SLI) use different syntactic devices to introduce referents in discourse.
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Dutton, Jacqueline. "Taking Time Out to Travel: Competing Temporalities in Contemporary French Travel Writing." Nottingham French Studies 51, no. 1 (March 2012): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/nfs.2012.0002.
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Taking time out to travel is one of the defining activities enjoyed by members of modern affluent societies. As a corollary to the rise in travel for leisure, there has also been an increase in the number of travel writers who relate their encounters with other people, places and politics in various destinations around the globe. Naturally, studies of travel writing and tourism are therefore also on the increase and encompass not only the written text right across the genres, but also film and other visual representations that privilege the narratives of travel. This article will introduce a new focus on time in travel writing, which is developed throughout this special issue. After presenting an overview of the various ways in which time has become a central preoccupation in studies of travel writing, this article proposes a methodological framework for assessing the impact of competing temporalities in contemporary French travel writing – nostalgia for the past, nostalgia for the future, and futuristic projections – on intercultural relations.
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Certeau, Michel De. "Travel Narratives of the French to Brazil: Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries." Representations 33, no. 1 (January 1991): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rep.1991.33.1.99p0038t.
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De Certeau, Michel. "Travel Narratives of the French to Brazil: Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries." Representations 33 (January 1, 1991): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2928765.
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Bouamer, Siham. "Monstrous Moroccan Women in French Women's Travel Narratives during the Protectorate." Intertexts 23, no. 1 (2019): 65–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/itx.2019.0006.
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Енкарнацьйон Санчеc Аренас and Ессам Басем. "Cognitive Exploration of ‘Traveling’ in the Poetry of Widad Benmoussa." East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 5, no. 2 (December 28, 2018): 6–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2018.5.2.are.
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The concept of motion is central to the human cognition and it is universally studied in cognitive linguistics. This research paper investigates concept of motion, with special reference to traveling, in the poetry of Widad Benmoussa. It mainly focuses on the cognitive dimensions underlying the metaphorical representation of traveling. To this end, the research conducts a semi-automated analysis of a corpus representing Widad’s poetic collections. MetaNet’s physical path is mainly used to reveal the cognitive respects of traveling. The personae the poetess assigns are found to pursue a dynamic goal through activation of several physical paths. During the unstable romantic relations, several travel impediments are met. Travel stops and detours, travel companions, paths in journey as well as changing travel destinations are the most stressed elements of ‘Traveling’ respects. With such a described high frequency of sudden departures and hopping, the male persona the poetess assigns evinces typical features of 'wanderlust' or dromomania.
References
Arenas, E. S. (2018). Exploring pornography in Widad Benmoussa’s poetry using LIWC and corpus tools. Sexuality & Culture, 22(4), 1094–1111.
Baicchi, A. (2017). The relevance of conceptual metaphor in semantic interpretation. Estetica. Studi e Ricerche, 7(1), 155–170.
Carey, A. L., Brucks, M. S., Küfner, A. C., Holtzman, N. S., Back, M. D., Donnellan, M. B., ... & Mehl, M. R. (2015). Narcissism and the use of personal pronouns revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 109(3), e1.
David, O., & Matlock, T. (2018). Cross-linguistic automated detection of metaphors for poverty and cancer. Language and Cognition, 10(3), 467–493.
David, O., Lakoff, G., & Stickles, E. (2016). Cascades in metaphor and grammar. Constructions and Frames, 8(2), 214–255.
Essam, B. A. (2016). Nizarre Qabbani’s original versus translated pornographic ideology: A corpus-based study. Sexuality & Culture, 20(4), 965–986
Forceville, C. (2016). Conceptual metaphor theory, blending theory, and other cognitivist perspectives on comics. The Visual Narrative Reader, 89–114.
Gibbs Jr, R. W. (2011). Evaluating conceptual metaphor theory. Discourse Processes, 48(8), 529–562.
Kövecses, Z. (2008). Conceptual metaphor theory: Some criticisms and alternative proposals. Annual Review of Cognitive Linguistics, 6(1), 168–184.
Lakoff, G. (2014). Mapping the brain's metaphor circuitry: Metaphorical thought in everyday reason. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8, 958.
Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (2008). Metaphors We Live By. University of Chicago press.
Lee, M. G., & Barnden, J. A. (2001). Mental metaphors from the Master Metaphor List: Empirical examples and the application of the ATT-Meta system. Cognitive Science Research Papers-University of Birmingham CSRP.
Lönneker-Rodman, B. (2008). The Hamburg metaphor database project: issues in resource creation. Language Resources and Evaluation, 42(3), 293–318.
Martin, J. H. (1994). Metabank: A knowledge‐base of metaphoric language conventioms. Computational Intelligence, 10(2), 134–149.
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Stickles, E., David, O., Dodge, E. K., & Hong, J. (2016). Formalizing contemporary conceptual metaphor theory. Constructions and Frames, 8(2), 166–213
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Benmoussa, W. (2001). I have Roots in Air (in Arabic). Morocco: Ministry of Culture.
Benmoussa, W. (2006). Between Two Clouds (in Arabic and French). Morocco: Marsam Publishing House.
Benmoussa, W. (2007). I Opened It on You (in Arabic). Morocco: Marsam Publishing House.
Benmoussa, W. (2008). Storm in a Body (in Arabic). Morocco: Marsam Publishing House.
Benmoussa, W. (2010). I Hardly Lost my Narcissism (in Arabic). Syria: Ward Publishing House.
Benmoussa, W. (2014). I Stroll Along This Life. Morocco: Tobkal Publishing House
36
Hill, Peter. "Arguing with Europe: Eastern Civilization Versus Orientalist Exoticism." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 132, no. 2 (March 2017): 405–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2017.132.2.405.
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The French romantic poet Alphonse de Lamartine traveled to the East—namely, Syria, Palestine, and parts of the Balkans—in 1832–33, with his wife and daughter. His account of these travels, the Voyage en Orient, was published in 1835 and went on to become one of the major Eastern travel-narratives of the nineteenth century. Edward Said was scathing about it in Orientalism: “What remains of the Orient in Lamartine's prose is not very substantial at all … the sites he has visited, the people he has met, the experiences he has had, are reduced to a few echoes in his pompous generalizations” (179). I would not dissent from this assessment. But Said was not the first to remark on the nature of Lamartine's representations of the Orient. In 1859, twenty-four years after the French poet's visit to the East, a young Beiruti poet and journalist, Khalīl al-Khūrī, made an Arabic translation and commentary, with some sharp criticisms, of one of the poems included in Voyage en Orient.
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Lin, Stephanie. "Image (and) Nation: The Russian Exotic in 19th-Century French Travel Narratives." Dialectical Anthropology 27, no. 2 (2002): 121–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:dial.0000007321.78593.da.
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Theophanous, Olga, Annie Perez-Bettan, and Heather Hilton. "Paroles reprises, erreur et fluence dans les narrations orales spontanées des apprenants de français langue étrangère." Travaux neuchâtelois de linguistique, no. 60 (January 1, 2014): 195–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.26034/tranel.2014.2909.
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This paper reports a study that investigated self-corrections in spontaneous oral narratives. Seventeen adults students of French as a foreign language were asked to imagine the story from a cartoon and a short silent film. Their performances were recorded and then transcribed. The corpus obtained contains 17255 words. The aim of the study is to provide surface descriptions and classifications of self-corrections and to determine their relationships to linguistic error. Four major types of self-corrections were distinguished: morphological, syntactic, semantic and lexical. The analysis shows that self-corrections are not only a mecanism used to repair errors but also a strategy used by the learners to buy time for lexical search and to promote greater oral fluency. Different cases of improved fluency via self-corrections are discussed, where prefabricated language also seems to play a strategic role.
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Jullien, Stéphane. "Introduction de référents topiques dans des dialogues d’adolescents dysphasiques: le cas de la construction présentative clivée." Travaux neuchâtelois de linguistique, no. 41 (September 1, 2005): 49–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.26034/tranel.2005.2704.
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This paper is concerned with some aspects of cohesion in dialogic discourse involving four 13 years-old teenagers affected by specific language impairment (S.L.I.). We describe here how a referent is introduced in their discourse and the means by which something is predicated about it afterwards. That is to say, we are exploring how a referent becomes topic, understanding the notion of topic in terms of «aboutness» (Reinhart, 1981; Lambrecht, 1994). Thereby, we pay special attention to a specific syntactic construction, the French presentative cleft construction il y a...qui. Most researches on specific language impairment share a structural approach (Leonard, 1998; Jakubowicz, 1999). Studies on language impairment emanating from a discourse perspective are predominantly concerned with narrative productions (de Weck, 1996, 2003; Liles, 1996). Very few studies deal with dialogic productions. This kind of data, however, provides new insights into language pathology. This study shows that S.L.I. productions reveal a general mastery of pragmatic, informational constraints while still showing a certain number of pragmatic particularities: at moments, the S.L.I. teenagers omit re ferential expressions, they produce non- canonical forms of the presentative cleft construction investigated here and they sometimes seem to use this construction in particular ways.
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Wang, Lisu. "Breaking the Borders: Elizabeth Gaskell’s Travel, ‘French Life’ and its Spatial Intertextuality." International Journal of English and Comparative Literary Studies 4, no. 3 (August 13, 2023): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.47631/ijecls.v4i3.637.
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According to the nineteenth-century ideology of separate spheres, women were supposed to avoid the public sphere and to stay at home, as depicted in most artistic and literary representations. Even though much content in her travel writing represented by letters and the journal article ‘French Life’ is about daily living in ordinary foreign societies, I argue that Elizabeth Gaskell is treating some basic questions of human and social values such as class differences and gender distinctions. This paper emphasizes the significance of travel and travel-writing in Gaskell's personal and professional life, examining how her exposure to other cultures shapes her novels and positions her as a cross-cultural literary figure. Combining ESRI technology, I apply the old map (1864, Paris) to it and draw a GIS picture. The route is based on the journal article ‘French Life’ by Gaskell: by comparing it with the locations and landscapes mentioned in Charles Dickens’s The Tale of the Two Cities, I find there is only one overlapping place: Faubourg Saint-Germain. However, the narratives of the two writers about this same place are so different. Multiple layers of mobility are uncovered in ‘French Life’: starting with Gaskell's physical mobility in Paris and the Mohls' residence, followed by an exploration of her social activities within the salon setting as a British writer, and culminating in an analysis of Gaskell's professional development exemplified through her creation during her time with the French families.
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Wang, Lisu. "Breaking the Borders: Elizabeth Gaskell’s Travel, ‘French Life’ and its Spatial Intertextuality." International Journal of English and Comparative Literary Studies 4, no. 3 (August 13, 2023): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.47631/ijecls.v4i3.637.
Full textAbstract:
According to the nineteenth-century ideology of separate spheres, women were supposed to avoid the public sphere and to stay at home, as depicted in most artistic and literary representations. Even though much content in her travel writing represented by letters and the journal article ‘French Life’ is about daily living in ordinary foreign societies, I argue that Elizabeth Gaskell is treating some basic questions of human and social values such as class differences and gender distinctions. This paper emphasizes the significance of travel and travel-writing in Gaskell's personal and professional life, examining how her exposure to other cultures shapes her novels and positions her as a cross-cultural literary figure. Combining ESRI technology, I apply the old map (1864, Paris) to it and draw a GIS picture. The route is based on the journal article ‘French Life’ by Gaskell: by comparing it with the locations and landscapes mentioned in Charles Dickens’s The Tale of the Two Cities, I find there is only one overlapping place: Faubourg Saint-Germain. However, the narratives of the two writers about this same place are so different. Multiple layers of mobility are uncovered in ‘French Life’: starting with Gaskell's physical mobility in Paris and the Mohls' residence, followed by an exploration of her social activities within the salon setting as a British writer, and culminating in an analysis of Gaskell's professional development exemplified through her creation during her time with the French families.
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Mustofa, Andi, Wening Udasmoro, and Sri Ratna Saktimulya. "Writing the Self: Interior Voyage in 19th Century French Travel Writing." Journal of Language and Literature 23, no. 1 (March 23, 2023): 158–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/joll.v23i1.4844.
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Travel is a momentum to look inside that influences the travelers' existence, along with meeting and interacting with others. The self as a traveler experiences internal dynamics reflected in the travel writings. This paper analyzes five French travel writings to reveal the self-construction of travelers who explored the East in the 19th century. The analysis results show that travelers’ self-construction is divided into Enlightenment or Romantic subjects and true travelers or travelers as tourists. The Enlightenment subject prioritizes facts and empirical knowledge outside of the self for the broader interest. In contrast, the Romantic subject puts forward subjective and emotional attitudes in dealing with and narrating others used for personal gain. True travelers look for difficulties in other places to prove themselves in conquering the challenges. Travelers as tourists try to avoid the obstacles by seeking safety and comfort during the trip. The East as a travel destination is a space that offers difficulties in constructing and legitimizing the traveler's self-image with the attributes that society expects, such as courage and persistence. The five French travelers, both Enlightenment or Romantic subjects and true travelers or tourists, had various knowledge of the others due to factors such as the purpose of the trip, profession, social status, and duration of the trip. Knowledge of the others and self-disclosure narrated in travel writings manifest the French travelers’ power to control and manage themselves and represent the Other.
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Martínez, Carolina. "On the Translation of Founding Narratives into Cartographic Images: America in Le Testu’s Cosmographie Universelle (1556)." Culture & History Digital Journal 10, no. 2 (October 20, 2021): e017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/chdj.2021.017.
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This article analyzes the links between the first travel accounts of the New World and the production of cartographic images of America in Guillaume Le Testu’s Cosmographie Universelle (1556). Produced in 1556 and dedicated to Admiral of France Gaspard de Coligny, the Norman pilot’s manuscript atlas was created in the context of growing French colonial interest in Terra Brasilis. The transposition of America’s founding narratives into cartographic images as presented in Le Testu’s Cosmographie is interpreted here as an act of translation lato sensu. The translation of the continent’s travel accounts in the strictest sense of the word, and the adaptation of New World information to new audiences and political contexts are also examined in the analysis of this manuscript nautical atlas.
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Müller, Gabriele M. "Entre l'unité de construction d'un tour et l'organisation de tours multi-unités : la pseudo-clivée en interaction." Travaux neuchâtelois de linguistique, no. 47 (December 1, 2007): 157–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.26034/tranel.2007.2741.
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In this paper I am interested in the French pseudo-cleft construction (PC) as it occurs in face-to-face interaction. As a bi-clausal construction (Lambrecht, 2001), it contains a first part projecting a specific syntactic continuation, like conditional constructions do ([if...then...], cf. Lerner, 1991). Indeed, various occurrences of PC seem to function in this way. Following such traditional accounts, the PC could be seen as a compound turn-constructional unit (TCU) if apprehended as a grammatical resource to organize talk-in-interaction. However, this is not the only possibility that can be found in the data. First, it has been argued that the initial of a PC part can consist of a syntactically independent proposition (Valli, 1981; Müller, 2006; Apothéloz, forthcoming). Second, the continuation after the first part is frequently more complex than only one clause. This study explores the various ways in which speakers organize the second parts of a pseudo-cleft and how this organization becomes recognizable in the actual context. I will show that there is a continuum from highly grammaticalized forms to complex units composed of rather loosely connected smaller units, very much along the lines of what we find in the narrative part of story telling sequences (Sacks, 1992). I will conclude with some remarks concerning the implications of such a continuum for the conceptualization of syntactic constructions and for the relation between the latter and interactive units (e. g. TCUs).
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Thompson, Victoria E. "An Alarming Lack of Feeling: Urban Travel, Emotions, and British National Character in Post-Revolutionary Paris." Articles 42, no. 2 (June 23, 2014): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1025696ar.
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This article analyzes British narratives of voyages made to Paris during three periods: the Peace of Amiens (March 1802 to May 1803), the first Restoration (April 1814 to May 1815), and in the first few years of the second Restoration (June 1815 to ca. 1820). These accounts reveal a consistent use of strong and distressing expressions of emotion when describing locations in the city associated with the events of the French Revolution. An analysis of these “emotional landmarks” allows us to understand the role of trauma in unsettling distinctions between the British and French in the aftermath of the Revolution. It also demonstrates that travel writers participated in an emotional community consistent with the nation, one that used these emotional landmarks to establish a new distinction between the two national characters based on emotion.
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Heurdier, Julien. "Formes et contextes de production des hétéro-reprises immédiates de la structure des énoncés avec subordination, chez deux enfants, entre 5 ans ½ et 6 ans ½." Travaux neuchâtelois de linguistique, no. 49 (December 1, 2008): 83–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.26034/tranel.2008.2761.
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The aim of the present paper is to study the link between immediate structural hetero-repetitions and production of complex utterances (such as completives, infinitives, and relatives) quantitatively. We focus on this process made by two French children between five and six and by an adult, in narration activities. We look at the forms of complex utterances which are reemployed by the children or by the adult, and at the context in which these immediate repetitions are produced. Leaning on longitudinal observations, we also try to highlight the stake of the third turn in the exchange. Our short study tends to confirm previous findings about repetitions by young children (Clark & Bernicot, 2008): our two subjects can use the structure of complex utterances introduced by the adult when they add new and further information to the exchange. For the adult, structural repetition is mainly used to confirm the child's production or to add new and other information. After the repetition of a complex utterance, the two children tend to re-repeat the adult's utterances in a third turn whereas the adult underuses this strategy.
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Krebs, Stefan. "The French Quest for the Silent Car Body." Transfers 1, no. 3 (December 1, 2011): 64–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2011.010305.
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Following Germany's resounding defeat in the First World War, the loss of its status as a colonial power, and the series of severe political and economic upheavals during the interwar years, travel abroad by motor vehicle was one way that Germans sought to renegotiate their place in the world. One important question critical studies of mobility should ask is if technologies of mobility contributed to the construction of cultural inequality, and if so in which ways? Although Germans were not alone in using technology to shore up notions of cultural superiority, the adventure narratives of interwar German motorists, both male and female, expressed aspirations for renewed German power on the global stage, based, in part, on the claimed superiority of German motor vehicle technology.
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Cook, Peter. "“A King in Every Countrey”: English and French Encounters with Indigenous Leaders in Sixteenth-Century America." Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 24, no. 2 (May 15, 2014): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1025073ar.
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Beginning with Columbus’ 1493 report of kings among the “Indians,” European expeditionaries regularly perceived Indigenous leaders as kings during the first century of colonialism in the Americas. English and French narratives of the sixteenth century, following the models of early Spanish and Portuguese accounts, brought to light the existence of Aboriginal monarchs throughout the Americas, from the Arctic to Brazil and from New England to California. Popular compilations of travel accounts only cemented the trope in the European imagination. The ubiquity of such kings in early English and French colonial writing reveals the conceptual frameworks through which colonizers perceived the New World and the logic of the strategies they devised to conquer it. Toward the end of the sixteenth century, English and French views diverged, with the latter demonstrating a general reluctance to use the term “king” for Native American leaders. By contrast, English sources would continue to employ the vocabulary of kingship for this purpose into the nineteenth century.
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Wilson, Sonia. "Odysseys / Odyssée: Travel Narratives in French / Récits de voyage en français. Edited by Jeanne M. Garane." French Studies 72, no. 3 (June 19, 2018): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/kny122.
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Марсьяль, Аньес. "Архивные свидетельства о происхождении. Письменные и вещественные следы биологического родства в документах Службы защиты детей (Франция, 1995-2015 гг.)." Антропологии/Anthropologies, no. 1 (November 12, 2021): 121–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33876/2782-3423/2021-1/121-137.
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На основе исследования, проведенного в архивах французской Службы защиты детей, мы проанализируем письменные и материальные “следы” биологических родителей, сохраняемые в делах детей-отказников или детей, рожденных анонимными матерями. Административные бумаги, письма, фотографии или вещи рассказывают об отношениях, связанных с рождением, их месте в жизни приемных детей и их новых семей, проливая свет на новое явление множественного родительства. Framed on an investigation in the French Childhood social welfare services, this article analyses the “trac-es” kept within the files of the children born “in the secret” and/or abandoned. The treatment of the admin-istrative documents, letters, pictures or things that have been kept informs the birth relationships concep-tions in adoptive situations, enlightening a new side of contemporary multiparenthood.