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1
Calvo, Ángel. "International Migrations and Labour Market Regulation. Spanish Workers in France during the First World War." Journal of Migration History 8, no. 1 (March 21, 2022): 85–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23519924-08010005.
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Abstract A profound, widespread and lasting impact has made the First World War the focus of the early attention of scholars from different fields and backgrounds. Despite the sizeable efforts and progress achieved, some territory remains unexplored. One of these is the foreign workforce’s role and, particularly, the so-called ‘white’ labour force. To fill in the gaps that still exist, this research is divided into four main sections. They include structural and wartime emigration to France, the labour market regulation during the First World War, the migrations to France and its factors, and an approach to differentiation within these migrations. The research builds mainly on exceptional documentation and significant reports found in the French Archives.
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Hébert, Martine. "Introduction: IJCAR - Volume 8." International Journal of Child and Adolescent Resilience 8, no. 1 (October 13, 2021): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.54488/ijcar.2021.299.
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Dear readers,
I am pleased to introduce the 2021 Issue of IJCAR, the International Journal of Child and Adolescent Resilience, addressing various aspects of youth resilience. We also have a thematic section focused on resilience in Indigenous and multicultural populations.
This issue includes five regular articles on different aspects of resilience. First, Lafrenaye-Dugas et al. document the sources of distress of adolescent boy victims of physical violence within their romantic relationships. Then, Martinez and her colleagues examine the effect of disclosure on resilience in adult female victims of childhood sexual abuse. In the following paper, Dr. Medico proposes a theoretical model of trans affirmative approaches for trans and non-binary youth based on Axel Honneth's ethics of recognition model (2000; 2006). Richard et al. investigate the role of perceptions of harm and perceived peer and parental attitudes towards substance use in the association between adverse childhood experiences and substance use in adolescents. Finally, Villate and her colleagues document the subjective experiences of emerging adults who have a parent with a mental disorder and suggest ways to support their resilience in the transition to adulthood.
In addition to these regular articles, we also have a commentary on the 5th World Congress on Resilience by Dr. Ionescu and a thematic section focused on resilience in Indigenous and multicultural populations. This section presents five articles on the effects of the Lantern|Awacic sexual violence prevention program training for workers in Indigenous care settings (Attard et al.), the relations between virtues, well-being, and resilience in Indigenous youth in the Peruvian Amazon (Bullock et al.), Child Maltreatment-Related Investigations of Children from Newcomer Households in Canada (Houston et al.), a review of the use of mobile applications to support Indigenous youth well-being (Noronha et al.), and finally, the validation of the Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM-28; Ungar & Liebenberg, 2011) in Nicaraguan youth.
I wish to take this opportunity to warmly thank each member of the IJCAR team, namely Dr. Isabelle Daigneault, Dr. Rachel Langevin and Dr. Tara Black, associate editors; Catherine Moreau, managing editor; Manon Robichaud, layout editor; Andréanne Fortin, senior copyeditor; and Ruo Feng, Sereena Pigeon, and Carley Marshall, junior copyeditor. We hope you enjoy your reading!
Don’t forget to prepare your manuscripts for the 2022 issue. In addition to regular papers, we will feature a thematic section on research presented at the Child and Youth Trauma Symposium. Submit your manuscripts in English or in French by November 15th, 2021. Please feel free to send the information to colleagues and students who may be interested.
Martine Hébert, Editor-in-Chief
3
Bosiljka, Lalević-Vasić M. "Biography of Dr. Đorđe-Đurica Đorđević, Founder of the Clinic for Skin and Venereal Diseases in Belgrade/Biografija dr Đorđa - Đurice Đorđevića, osnivača Klinike za dermatovenerologiju i venerologiju u Beogradu." Serbian Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 6, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjdv-2014-0004.
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Abstract Đorđe Đorđević, a Serb from Croatia, was born in Grubišno polje (Croatia) on April 22, 1885. He studied medicine in Vienna and graduated in 1909. Till 1912, he advanced his knowledge working at dermatology clinics with Prof. Finger and Prof. Arning, as well as with Prof. Weichselbaum, professor of pathological anatomy and bacteriology. From 1912 he worked in Zagreb, at the Dermatology Department of the Brothers of Mercy Hospital, and during World War I as a military doctor at the Dermatology Department and the Zagreb Outpatient Department (Second kolodvor). After the war, in 1918, he moved to Belgrade, where he was the Head of the Polyclinic for Skin and Venereal Diseases, and in 1922 he became an Assistant Professor of Dermatology at the School of Medicine in Belgrade. In the same year, he founded the Department of Dermatovenereology at the School of Medicine in Belgrade and the Clinic for Skin and Venereal Diseases, of which he was also the Head. In 1923, he became an Associate Professor, and in 1934 a Full Professor. He is given credit for passing legislation on prostitution and banning brothels. The professional work of Prof. Đorđe Đorđević encompasses all areas of dermatology, including his special interest in experimental studies in the field of venereology. He organized medical-research trips to study people’s health status, and his teams visited the South Serbia (today Macedonia), Sandžak and Montenegro. In 1927, he founded the Dermatovenereology Section of the Serbian Medical Society (19) and the Association of Dermatovenereologists of Yugoslavia. He was the chairman of the I, II and III Yugoslav Congress of Dermatology in Belgrade, and of the II Congress of the Pan-Slavic Association of Dermatovenereologists with international participation. He was an honorary member of the Bulgarian, Czechoslovakian, Polish and Danish Dermatological Societies, as well as a regular member of the Association of French Speaking Dermatologists, and of French, German and Biology Society. He was the Vice dean of the School of Medicine. He died suddenly on April 27, 1935, shortly after his 50th birthday, and was mourned by colleagues, friends and students. On the first anniversary of his death, his family, friends and colleagues established a ”Foundation of Dr. Đorđe-Đurica Đorđević” meant for ”doctors and health workers”. Unfortunately, the foundation was disestablished in the early eighties of the 20th century.
4
Merrett, Louise. "Posted Workers in Europe from a Private International Law Perspective." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 13 (2011): 219–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5235/152888712801752960.
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AbstractCases involving the posting of workers will inevitably involve international elements and therefore issues of private international law. Historically, it has been assumed that English employment law is territorial: in particular section 204 of the Employment Rights Act 1996 provides that the provisions of the Act apply irrespective of the law applicable to the contract. This contribution examines this proposition through the perspective of private international law principles, and also considers the compatibility of section 204 with the private international law rules in the Posted Workers Directive and the new definition of overriding mandatory rules in the Rome I Regulation.
5
Merrett, Louise. "Posted Workers in Europe from a Private International Law Perspective." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 13 (2011): 219–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1528887000002032.
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Abstract Cases involving the posting of workers will inevitably involve international elements and therefore issues of private international law. Historically, it has been assumed that English employment law is territorial: in particular section 204 of the Employment Rights Act 1996 provides that the provisions of the Act apply irrespective of the law applicable to the contract. This contribution examines this proposition through the perspective of private international law principles, and also considers the compatibility of section 204 with the private international law rules in the Posted Workers Directive and the new definition of overriding mandatory rules in the Rome I Regulation.
6
Rowan, Solène. "THE NEW FRENCH LAW OF CONTRACT." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 66, no. 4 (August 22, 2017): 805–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020589317000252.
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AbstractThe article analyses the recent reform of contract law in France. The section of the Civil Code on the law of contract was amended and restructured in its entirety last year. The revised section came into force on 1 October 2016. The article considers its main innovations and compares them with the corresponding principles of English law and some contract law international instruments, mainly the UNIDROIT Principles and the Principles of European Contract Law. The article also assesses whether the new provisions achieve their stated aim of rendering French contract law more accessible, predictable, influential abroad and commercially attractive.
7
Merrett, Louise. "10 Posted Workers in Europe from a Private International Law Perspective." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 13 (2011): 219–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1528887000000859.
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AbstractCases involving the posting of workers will inevitably involve international elements and therefore issues of private international law. Historically, it has been assumed that English employment law is territorial: in particular section 204 of the Employment Rights Act 1996 provides that the provisions of the Act apply irrespective of the law applicable to the contract. This contribution examines this proposition through the perspective of private international law principles, and also considers the compatibility of section 204 with the private international law rules in the Posted Workers Directive and the new definition of overriding mandatory rules in the Rome I Regulation.
8
Frybes, Marcin. "French Enthusiasm for Solidarność." European Review 16, no. 1 (February 2008): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798708000070.
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France was one of the main supporters of Solidarność. The events in August and September 1980 immediately gained the interest of the French media. Trade unionists started to collaborate with their Polish colleagues, for instance by setting up exchange programs or by introducing Solidarność to international trade unions. Organisations of solidarity were founded and started to collect food, clothes and drugs. After the proclamation of Martial Law in Poland, this grew into a mass movement, involving many layers of the French population. Both workers and intellectuals were drawn to the idea of a ‘second left’: an alternative to the old and radical socialism.
9
Defourny, Jacques, C. A. Knox Lovell, and Ak� G. M. G. N'gbo. "Variation in productive efficiency in French workers' cooperatives." Journal of Productivity Analysis 3, no. 1-2 (June 1992): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00158771.
10
Martínez, Julia. "‘Unwanted Scraps’ or ‘An Alert, Resolute, Resentful People’? Chinese Railroad Workers in French Congo." International Labor and Working-Class History 91 (2017): 79–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547916000296.
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AbstractIn the late 1920s, the colonial government of French Equatorial Africa decided to employ Chinese workers to complete their railway line. The employment of Chinese indentured labor had already become the subject of considerable international criticism. The Chinese government was concerned that the French could not guarantee worker health and safety and denied their application. However, the recruitment went ahead with the help of the government of French Indochina. This article explores the nature of Chinese worker protest during their time in Africa and their struggle against French notions of what constituted appropriate treatment of so-called “coolie” labor.
11
Frey, Yves. "The crisis of the thirties. The Poles: out!" Polonia Inter Gentes, no. 3 (February 1, 2023): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.56583/pig.2078.
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The economic crisis began in France in the second half of 1930. It reached its peak in 1934 and 1935 and resulted in a very high unemployment rate. To cope with these difficulties, the French government decided to protect French workers by limiting the number of foreign workers. The Poles had to return to their country under increasingly restrictive conditions. Woe betide strikers, union members and communists. The number of Poles fell by 17% between 1931 and 1936. After the respite provided by the Front Populaire, which was more concerned about foreign workers, the Poles lived in fear of having to leave France. The most politically committed joined the International Brigades during the Spanish Civil War.
12
Loretto, Wendy, Sarah Vickerstaff, and Phil White. "Introduction Themed Section: What do Older Workers Want?" Social Policy and Society 5, no. 4 (September 4, 2006): 479–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746406003186.
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Across the industrialised nations, the labour market participation of older workers (i.e. those aged 50 and over) continues to attract considerable attention, as the numbers in employment decline and those who are inactive or retired increase (for a 21-country review see OECD, 2006). Against a background of concern over the economic and social implications of low employment rates among the over-50s, much public policy has come to focus on extending the average working life by encouraging people to work for longer and to delay retirement (see, for example, House of Lords, 2003; and on European policy, von Nordeim, 2004).
13
Lamer, Antoine, Nicolas Depas, Matthieu Doutreligne, Adrien Parrot, David Verloop, Marguerite-Marie Defebvre, Grégoire Ficheur, Emmanuel Chazard, and Jean-Baptiste Beuscart. "Transforming French Electronic Health Records into the Observational Medical Outcome Partnership's Common Data Model: A Feasibility Study." Applied Clinical Informatics 11, no. 01 (January 2020): 013–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3402754.
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Abstract Background Common data models (CDMs) enable data to be standardized, and facilitate data exchange, sharing, and storage, particularly when the data have been collected via distinct, heterogeneous systems. Moreover, CDMs provide tools for data quality assessment, integration into models, visualization, and analysis. The observational medical outcome partnership (OMOP) provides a CDM for organizing and standardizing databases. Common data models not only facilitate data integration but also (and especially for the OMOP model) extends the range of available statistical analyses. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of implementing French national electronic health records in the OMOP CDM. Methods The OMOP's specifications were used to audit the source data, specify the transformation into the OMOP CDM, implement an extract–transform–load process to feed data from the French health care system into the OMOP CDM, and evaluate the final database. Results Seventeen vocabularies corresponding to the French context were added to the OMOP CDM's concepts. Three French terminologies were automatically mapped to standardized vocabularies. We loaded nine tables from the OMOP CDM's “standardized clinical data” section, and three tables from the “standardized health system data” section. Outpatient and inpatient data from 38,730 individuals were integrated. The median (interquartile range) number of outpatient and inpatient stays per patient was 160 (19–364). Conclusion Our results demonstrated that data from the French national health care system can be integrated into the OMOP CDM. One of the main challenges was the use of international OMOP concepts to annotate data recorded in a French context. The use of local terminologies was an obstacle to conceptual mapping; with the exception of an adaptation of the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision, the French health care system does not use international terminologies. It would be interesting to extend our present findings to the 65 million people registered in the French health care system.
14
Sarthou, Géraldine, Pascale Lherminier, Eric P. Achterberg, Fernando Alonso-Pérez, Eva Bucciarelli, Julia Boutorh, Vincent Bouvier, et al. "Introduction to the French GEOTRACES North Atlantic Transect (GA01): GEOVIDE cruise." Biogeosciences 15, no. 23 (November 29, 2018): 7097–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7097-2018.
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Abstract. The GEOVIDE cruise, a collaborative project within the framework of the international GEOTRACES programme, was conducted along the French-led section in the North Atlantic Ocean (Section GA01), between 15 May and 30 June 2014. In this special issue (https://www.biogeosciences.net/special_issue900.html), results from GEOVIDE, including physical oceanography and trace element and isotope cyclings, are presented among 18 articles. Here, the scientific context, project objectives, and scientific strategy of GEOVIDE are provided, along with an overview of the main results from the articles published in the special issue.
15
Bird, Bruce M., Mark A. Segal, and Philip L. Yaeger. "The Classification Of Technical Service Specialists For Employment Tax Purposes: Section 1706 And Beyond." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 8, no. 1 (October 18, 2011): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v8i1.6184.
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Whether a worker is classified as an independent contractor or as an employee for payroll tax purposes has extensive implications for both the worker and the party for whom services are rendered. This article examines the significance of determining a workers status and analyzes the factors involved in classifying those workers known as technical service specialists.
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Evetts, Julia. "Sociological Analysis of Professionalism: Past, Present and Future." Comparative Sociology 10, no. 1 (2011): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156913310x522633.
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AbstractFor a long time, sociological analysis of professional work has differentiated professionalism as a special means of organizing work and controlling workers and in contrast to the hierarchical, bureaucratic and managerial controls of industrial and commercial organizations. But professional work is changing and being changed as increasingly professionals (such as doctors, nurses, teachers, social workers) now work in employing organizations; lawyers and accountants in large professional service firms (PSFs) and sometimes in international and commercial organizations; pharmacists in national (retailing) companies; and engineers, journalists, performing artists, the armed forces and police find occupational control of their work and discretionary decision-making increasingly difficult to sustain. This paper begins with a section on defining the field and clarifying concepts. This is followed by a second section on the concept of professionalism, its history and current developments. The third section discusses convergences between Anglo-American and Continental European systems of professions and the general, wider applicability of particular explanatory theories and analytical concepts in the field. Section four examines internationalizing processes affecting professions. Markets for professional services are increasingly international and professional regulation is now a matter for international professional federations as well as national and regional states. The final section provides summary and considers consequences for aspects of professionalism as an occupational value in the global world.
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Spencer, J. R., and Marie-Aimée Brajeux. "CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR NEGLIGENCE—A LESSON FROM ACROSS THE CHANNEL?" International and Comparative Law Quarterly 59, no. 1 (January 2010): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020589309990042.
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AbstractThis article first examines criminal liability for negligently causing death or injury in English law, which it shows to be both complex and confused. It then examines French law on the subject, which at first sight appears both simpler and more rational, but has run into a number of difficulties in practice. A third and final section considers whether the French experience provides any useful lessons for the possible reform of English law.
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Boncourt, Thibaud. "French military careers and European security integration: How internationalisation changes military socialisation." Cooperation and Conflict 52, no. 2 (October 3, 2016): 241–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010836716671758.
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This study uses qualitative data on the trajectories of French military officers to provide preliminary hypotheses on the internationalisation of military careers and the dynamics of international military socialisation. It is divided into three sections. The first section provides an overview of the structure of the French armed forces and gives details on the biographical qualitative methods used throughout the article. The second and third sections describe the types of internationalisation that occur during the first and second phases of military careers respectively. The article mainly contends that French officers are unprepared for the type of internationalisation they experience in the framework of European security institutions. In spite of prior experiences of international contexts, they are forced to learn most of their work on the job and to improvise in their handling of international interactions and negotiations. These findings are shown to have implications for debates in the sociology of professions and the study of European security integration.
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Abramowicz, Maciej. "La philologie romane est-elle capable de relever les défis du présent?" Romanica Wratislaviensia 65 (August 4, 2020): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0557-2665.65.2.
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The article comprises two sections: in Section One I sketch out the history and the evolution of French philology, understood both as an academic discipline and as an academic/administrative unit within Polish universities, officially known as Departments of French (Philology). In Section Two I reflect on my personal experience of that evolution, as it has affected my professional choices and academic career. Both meanings of “French philology” (discipline and institution) are rooted in German academic tradition to which the entire system of Polish humanities is indebted. Until the 1990s, French philology was synonymous with French studies, understood as the teaching and the academic study of French language and literature. Like other humanities departments in Poland, French philology departments inevitably functioned under the pressure of current political forces. Yet, French philologists in Poland never lost touch with the world’s evolving humanities or the changing scholarly paradigms. Following the radical political transformation of 1989, traditional French philology in Po-land opened up to a whole new range of scholarly fields (literatures and cultures of francophone countries), theories (postmodern and postcolonial studies), and approaches (interdisciplinary scho-larship). Thus Polish romanists have joined the international scholarly community. In the article, I document these processes, reflecting on my own university career: I started off as a traditional scholar doing research in the literature of French Middle Ages, then moved on to studying Canadian and American Francophone cultures, to eventually become involved in interdisciplinary studies at the Faculty of “Artes Liberales” at the University of Warsaw.
20
Barevičiūtė, Jovilė. "THE CONCEPTION OF CONTEMPORARY HYPERCIVILIZATION: J. BAUDRILLARD." CREATIVITY STUDIES 2, no. 2 (December 31, 2009): 153–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/2029-0187.2009.2.153-171.
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The article deals with the conception of hypercivilization that was developed by contemporary French media philosopher Jean Baudrillard and discusses its originality, innovation and philosophical‐sociological validity. It is compared with the classical conception of Western civilization, highlighting their basic similarities and differences. The author investigates the relationships between classical Western civilization and traditional metaphysics and between contemporary hypercivilization and pataphysics. The first section of the article is introduced to the meaning and problematicity of the concept of civilization, analyzing the connections between the concepts of civilization and culture. The second section discusses traditional French concept of civilization. The third section analyzes and interprets the conception of hypercivilization of Baudrillard. The last one from a critical thinking perspective discusses the philosophical‐sociological validity of the conception of hypercivilization of Baudrillard, seeking for possible parallels with the conception of classical Western civilization.
21
Al-otean, Omar. "A Comparative Study of Provisions of Air Carriers Liability in Aviation Law." Business Law Review 33, Issue 12 (December 1, 2012): 292–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/bula2012071.
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This paper deals with the liability of transporters under aviation aaw and explores the main disputes and lawsuits that may appear before the courts. Therefore, this paper has been divided into three sections. The first section examines when air transportation can be considered as international, civil, commercial, or domestic contracts, while the second section deals with the legal responsibility of transporters under Jordanian, American, and French legislation, and explores contractual liability in this regard. Finally, the third section of this paper addresses the issue of tort liability in the case of civil aviation, and determines the main points and recommendations that should be taken into account.
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Machwe, V. "Indian Books of the Quarter." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 45, no. 1 (January 1989): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097492848904500116.
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The object of this feature is to offer every quarter, scholars and students as well as libraries, a compact bibliography of such current Indian publications in the field of Social Sciences as are received from publishers, but not reviewed in this journal. While no claim is made to exhaustiveness, it is hoped that this section, together with the Review Section of this journal, does list publications of importance useful for libraries and research workers in the Social Sciences.
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Rousseau, Antoine. "Gems: From Bangkok to Lausanne. Belgian Jurist Gustave Rolin-Jaequemyns’ Letter to his French Colleague Ernest Lehr." Journal of Migration History 7, no. 1 (April 22, 2021): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23519924-00701003.
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Abstract The section ‘Gems’ consists of short articles which present sources that might be of interest to migration researcher. In this Gems: a letter sent from Bangkok on 23 August 1896 by Gustave Rolin-Jaequemyns to his French colleague Ernest Lehr. We show that this document enables us to highlight the international networks in which international law scholars were involved. It reveals the professional concerns and problems of the lawyer, but also the social reality of his daily life.
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Yadav, Vinita, and Sherin Jacob. "Impact of the Lockdown on Women Domestic Workers." Indian Journal of Public Administration 67, no. 3 (September 2021): 300–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00195561211044530.
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Covid-19 pandemic impacted both life and livelihood. The lockdown severely affected economically weaker section workers who mostly belong to informal sector. Among informal sector workers, three million are women domestic workers whom pandemic forced to stay at home. Despite government’s request, employers’ resistance to release the salary impacted their socio-economic wellbeing. The announcement of stimulus packages provided limited relief. The study analyses the difficulties experienced by women domestic workers. The workers residing in large cities were the hardest hit, as many international and national organisations were closed. Using secondary data, turmoil of women domestic workers is presented. The analysis revealed the impact of lockdown and highlighted that there is a gap in implementation of law and relief measures. The study recommends adopting innovative public–private partnerships to enhance socio-economic development of women domestic workers.
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Xu, Qingwen. "Defining international social work." International Social Work 49, no. 6 (November 2006): 679–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872806069075.
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English Interest in international social work has been growing, as social workers are increasingly confronting problems stemming from international forces. However, there is no agreement on defining this particular field of practice. This agency-oriented study presents the aspect of today's international social work -- the global context's penetration of the local context. French L'intérêt envers le travail social international ne cesse de croître, les travailleurs sociaux étant de plus en plus souvent interpellés par les problèmes que le personnel international essaie d'endiguer. Toutefois, il n'existe pas d'entente régissant ce champ d'exercice particulier. Cette recherche axée sur l'agence présente la situation actuelle du travail social international -- en mettant l'accent sur la pénétration du contexte mondial dans le contexte local. Spanish El interés por el trabajo social internacional crece a medida que los trabajadores sociales confrontan más problemas provocados por fuerzas internacionales. A pesar de ello, no existe un consenso sobre la definición de este campo particular de práctica. Este estudio, basado en la experiencia de una agencia, presenta el aspecto del trabajo social internacional de hoy la penetración del contexto global en el local.
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Murphy, Jill K., Jasmine M. Noble, Promit Ananyo Chakraborty, Georgia Michlig, Erin E. Michalak, Andrew J. Greenshaw, and Raymond W. Lam. "Values and preferences related to workplace mental health programs and interventions: An international survey." PLOS ONE 18, no. 9 (September 27, 2023): e0283057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283057.
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Introduction This study explores the perspectives of workers and managers on workplace programs and interventions that seek to promote mental wellbeing, and prevent and treat mental health conditions The results contributed supporting evidence for the development of the WHO’s first global guidelines for mental health and work, which provide evidence-based recommendations to support the implementation of workplace mental health programs and supports, to improve their acceptability, appropriateness, and uptake. Methods An international online survey was used to examine the values and preferences among workers and managers related to workplace mental health prevention, protection, promotion, and support programs and services. The survey was made available in English, French, and Spanish and recruitment consisted of convenience sampling. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the survey data. Rapid thematic qualitative analysis was used to analyse the results of open-ended questions. Results N = 451 responses representing all WHO regions were included in the analysis. These results provide a unique international perspective on programs and supports for mental health at work, from the standpoint of workers and managers. Results suggest that workers value interventions developed in consultation with workers (including indicated, selective and universal interventions), increased training and capacity building among managers, and targeted interventions to address the pervasive impact of stigma on perceptions about mental health at work and help-seeking. Conclusion The findings of this study seek to reflect the perspectives of workers and their managers, and therein to promote improved access, availability and uptake of mental health programs and supports at work and–ultimately- to support the potential of workplaces as environments that promote and support mental health.
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Jesús Úriz, María, Juan Jesús Viscarret, and Alberto Ballestero. "Ethical challenges of social work in Spain during COVID-19." Etikk i praksis - Nordic Journal of Applied Ethics, no. 1 (June 30, 2023): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5324/eip.v17i1.5038.
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This article presents the main ethical challenges faced by social work professionals in Spain during the "first wave" of COVID-19 in 2020. The pandemic had a serious impact not only on the health sector, but also in the field of social work. During this time, social workers had to address serious ethical questions regarding issues such as confidentiality breaches, how to fairly distribute available resources, the lack of personal contact and emotional connection with the service users, the difficulties of working in isolation and online, doubts about the reliability of the information they were handling and the difficulty of making proper diagnoses. An international research group led by Dr. Sara Banks conducted a broader research project in collaboration with the International Federation of Social Workers, which collected information through an online questionnaire aimed at social workers from various countries. In this article we analyse the results related to the main ethical challenges faced by social workers in Spain. The research group identified two types of ethical challenges that they have separated into two sections: the first section is related to direct intervention with users, which includes topics such as the lack of emotional support, reliability, use of technology, the appropriate care, compliance with the highest professional standards, confidentiality, vulnerability, and the fair distribu-tion of resources. The other section is related to the ethical challenges around the daily work within social entities, which involved dealing with issues such as the e-social work and coordination difficulties, the management of pressure in social bodies and changes in the intervention methodology. Keywords: Social work ethics, pandemic, international research, COVID
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Vickerstaff, Sarah. "Some Useful Sources." Social Policy and Society 5, no. 4 (September 4, 2006): 565–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746406003216.
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In addition to the references offered at the end of each of the contributions to this themed section, it is useful to direct readers to a range of relevant websites, both governmental and independent, which cover issues related to older workers. The following sites have been selected as sources of information on policy and advice services by and for older workers.
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Shin, Soonsu, Jun-Hyeok Choi, Kyung-Eun Lee, Jin-Ha Yoon, and Wanhyung Lee. "Risk and Status of Gastrointestinal Cancer According to the International Standard Industrial Classification in Korean Workers." Cancers 14, no. 20 (October 21, 2022): 5164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14205164.
Abstract:
To compare the risk of developing gastrointestinal (GI) cancer according to industrial groups, we performed a retrospective cohort study using the database of the Korea National Health Insurance Service (NHIS). We calculated the age-standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the types of GI cancers according to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification (KSIC) compared with the whole employee population. The highest SIR for all GI cancer was found in the “Mining and quarrying” section (SIR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.14–1.47), followed by the “Transportation and storage” section (SIR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.24–1.30). Miners and quarriers had the highest risk of developing gastric cancer (SIR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.06–1.55) and cancer of the liver and intrahepatic bile ducts (SIR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.17–1.86). Transportation workers had the highest SIR of cancer of the lip, oral cavity, and pharynx (SIR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.13–1.43) and cancers of the rectum, anus, and anal canal (SIR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.19–1.35). There were distinct GI cancers with an elevated risk in each industry group. Our findings imply that distinct cancer prevention programs should be developed for each industrial sector.
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Kniephoff-Knebel, Anette, and Friedrich W. Seibel. "Establishing international cooperation in social work education." International Social Work 51, no. 6 (November 2008): 790–812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872808095251.
Abstract:
English This article draws on records from the period to illustrate some of the themes and concerns of social workers present at international welfare conferences from 1928. In doing so it identifies some of the significant actors engaged in the early stages of establishing an international association for schools of social work. French Cet article tire les enseignements de la période pour illustrer certains des thèmes et préoccupations des travailleurs sociaux présents aux conférences internationales de travail social et de sécurité sociale depuis 1928. Ce faisant il identifie quelques acteurs significatifs engagés dès les premiers instants dans l'établissement d'une association internationale des écoles de travail social. Spanish Este ensayo analiza los registros del período para ilustrar algunos de los temas y preocupaciones de los trabajadores sociales que asistieron a conferencias internacionales de bienestar social desde 1928. Esto permite identificar a algunos de los actores más significativos que participaron en las primeras fases del establecimiento de una asociación internacional de escuelas de trabajo social.
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Dong, Yuanhui. "Study on the Differential Impact of International Adaptation on Income: An Empirical Analysis based on CGSS2018 Data." Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 9 (June 13, 2023): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hbem.v9i.7833.
Abstract:
This paper examines how English proficiency and international perspective, as indicators of international adaptation, influence the economic income of urban residents in China, and how this varies by education, profession, and occupation. Using data from the 2018 China General Social Survey (CGSS2018) and a multiple linear regression model, this paper analyzes the overall and heterogeneous effects of these variables on income. The results show that English proficiency and international perspective have a positive and significant impact on income, which increases with education level. Moreover, this paper finds significant differences in the impact of these variables across professions and occupations. Science, engineering and non-governmental workers benefit more, while liberal arts and domestically oriented service workers benefit less. In the conclusion and discussion section, the paper compares the results with existing literature and offers a new perspective for understanding the determinants and disparities of urban income.
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Verschueren, Herwig. "Employment and Social Security Rights of Third-Country Labour Migrants under eu Law: An Incomplete Patchwork of Legal Protection." European Journal of Migration and Law 18, no. 4 (November 14, 2016): 373–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718166-12342107.
Abstract:
Labour migration within the European Union (eu), as well as from outside the eu, has evolved significantly. There are more temporary forms of labour migration, such as seasonal work, temporary migration of both high- and low-skilled workers and temporary posting by employers. This evolution has led to an increasing vulnerability of labour migrants’ rights. In particular, the employment and social rights of these migrants are subject to legal disputes, as well as to political discussions. The latter resulted in the adoption of legal instruments meant to guarantee some rights to labour migrants, but which in some cases rather increased their vulnerability. This article explores the issues of employment and social protection of third-country migrant workers in legal instruments of the eu. It starts with an examination of a number of eu directives dealing specifically with labour migration from third countries such as the Blue Card Directive 2009/50, the Employers’ Sanctions Directive 2009/52, the Single Permit Directive 2011/98, the Seasonal Workers Directive 2014/36 and the Intra-corporate Transferees Directive 2014/66 (Section 2). This section also explores the interaction between these instruments as well as their shortcomings. Next, this article focuses on international agreements concluded by the eu with third countries. A large number of these agreements contain provisions which, directly or indirectly, regulate the employment and social security rights of nationals of the third States involved (Section 3). Further, it will comment on the issue of (the absence of) social security coordination between the systems of the Member States and those of third countries (Section 4). Finally, it draws some conclusions and pleads for a better enforcement of the rights already guaranteed and for a more prominent role for the protection of human rights (Section 5).
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Venher, A. "Section of General History of the Dnipropetrovsk Scientific and Research Department of Ukrainian Studies: Organization and Activity." Problems of World History, no. 7 (March 14, 2019): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2019-7-11.
Abstract:
The article deals with the organization and activity of the section of general history, which functioned in the 1920s in Dnipropetrovsk attached to the scientific and research department of Ukrainian studies. The role of M. Brechkevych in the organization of the section and formation of scientific directions is determined. This section studied the history of Western Slavs, Slavic laws, Slavic colonization of Southern Ukraine, international relations of Ukraine, and the theoretical problems of medieval and world history. Special literature was purchased, domestic and foreign historical journals were subscribed for the productive section activity. The issue of M. Brechkevych’s foreign business trip was raised more than once, but it was not resolved positively. A series of articles was published in Dnipropetrovsk and Kyiv scientific journals by M. Brechkevych on the basis of the work. In addition to the scientific research, the section staff had to deliver lectures to the workers and teachers of the city.
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Platman, Kerry, and Philip Taylor. "Introduction: Themed section on Age, Employment and Policy." Social Policy and Society 3, no. 2 (March 29, 2004): 143–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147474640300160x.
Abstract:
Older workers have moved up the policy agenda within the industrialised nations. In the 1980s and first half of the 1990s, policy-making in much of the European Union emphasised the virtues of early retirement, partly as a response to high levels of unemployment. Since the late 1990s, there has been an increasing emphasis on overcoming age barriers in the labour market and on extending working life. This has been driven by concerns over ageing and shrinking labour forces, the sustainability of public pension systems, evidence of age discrimination in the labour market and the potential influence of the ‘grey’ voter. By contrast in the USA, the pronounced trend towards ‘early exit’ which has characterised Europe never existed. This is even more the case in Japan.
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Trofimova, O. "Evolution of French Social State Model." World Economy and International Relations, no. 5 (2015): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2015-5-29-40.
Abstract:
The configuration of French welfare state is determined by a mix of factors. Historically, the nation’s social insurance system is based on the principles of solidarity, social protection, collective efforts and government’s responsibility. To a large extent this explains its paternalistic features. The French social model has a complex institutional structure and consists of different insurance schemes which are highly segmented according to the professions and industries, to belonging to the private or public sectors. The article deals with the theoretical framework, specifics of the development and modernization of French social model, its adaptation to the most recent economic changes triggered by the processes of globalization and European integration. The French welfare state’s transformations are necessitated by domestic and external economic, social and political challenges. The financing of the system is largely based on Bismarkian principle, namely, the bulk of social contributions are traditionally assumed by the firms along with the workers themselves. But it is mixed with a dose of Beveridgian society with its wide solidarity via general taxation. The author focuses on the welfare policy and legislation framework according to its model and type of regime. The analysis of the reform’s process reveals the specifics of the weaknesses of French model which still faces contradictions between dirigist and market approaches in resolving social problems, between the aims of economic effectiveness and social protection. Successive reforms of the social protection system towards reductions of state social expenditures and privatization of pensions will help France to recalibrate its welfare model in accordance with a new logic at the European level and its mainstream in social policy. Acknowledgements. The article has been supported by a grant of the Russian Humanitarian Scientific Foundation. Project no. 14-07-00048 “Transformation of Concept and Practices of Social State in EU Countries”.
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Galiazzo, Francesca. "I Call Center in Marocco: uno studio sulle condizioni di lavoro nel settore." Studi Magrebini 19, no. 1 (June 14, 2021): 139–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2590034x-12340043.
Abstract:
Abstract This article examines the main factors behind bad working conditions in the Call Centers of Morocco. The research is based on fieldwork including 15 semi-structured interviews and in the analysis of government records, labour legislation, academic studies, statistics and other reports from international organizations. The interviews were carried out in Arabic and French in 2018 in Casablanca, Rabat, Fès, Meknès and they involved workers, former workers, trade union leaders and employers from the Call Center sector. Thanks to the interviews we are able to assess in detail the issues faced by workers and, consequently, to explore them. The article highlights the fact that the bad working conditions are caused by a combination of multiple factors, such as the effects of neoliberal reforms, the economic dependence on Europe but also the inefficiency of the labour inspections. The first part discusses the broad factors including the telecommunications’ sector reforms, international agreements, legal and tax reforms that exacerbate directly or indirectly the working conditions. The second part aims to investigate the centers organization and other micro-factors that affect the possibility of claiming rights and speaking out against unfair practices.
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Sandhu, Maqsood, and Asadullah Khan. "Benchmarking project management dimensions at the lapse of a century." Benchmarking: An International Journal 24, no. 6 (August 7, 2017): 1675–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-03-2016-0043.
Abstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to investigate project management dimensions while constructing the Panama Canal from the end of ninetieth century to the start of twentieth century and then benchmarking against the Palm Diera Island at the lapse of a century. Second, to highlight issues of project management, specially the risk management with its economic, social and political domains at the construction site and in France and America. Design/methodology/approach The case study research method of qualitative research has been adopted when comparing two mega projects executed in different time and space. For the Panama Canal project documentation investigation was performed. However, a semi-structured interview data collection method was adopted for the Palm Diera Island project. A comparative study of two projects helps in deeper understanding of cross-project management dimensions. Findings The research reveals that the French team failed to complete the Panama Canal construction project due to inadequate planning, inappropriate design, lack of risk management, health and safety of the staff and non-availability of finances. However, the Americans successfully completed construction of the canal within budget and time and this was due to the support of change in the purpose of the canal construction adding to achieve its commercial objectives and at the same time strengthen its naval presence. American took its construction as a national objective than the individual enterprise as executed by the French team. Research limitations/implications Data collection for the Panama Canal was limited to only historical data available from the literature as documentary investigation. The researchers visited the canal to get in-depth understanding of the construction practices and the scale of construction. However, for the Palm Diera project, data collection was limited to three key personnel interviews. Practical implications The Americans were successful in completing the canal due to the US Government control on management and finances of the canal construction and lessons learned during the French construction period. The paper serves as a benchmark for project management dimension in two different regions in different times. The paper bears economic implications for the construction of the mega projects both in South America and the Middle East. Cost overrun construction of the Panama Canal during the French period influenced political spectrum in France resulting into the defeat of the government. During the American period of construction first time out of country visit by the sitting president of the USA reflects its economic and social importance. The valley of death was converted into the valley comfort during the American period resulting into social welfare of the workers. Completion of the canal by the Americans helped them secure operations of the Panama Canal for the next 100 years, contributing to its economic and naval strength. Social implications The paper reveals that safety and social implications for the work place in two different regions and at two different times. The impact of safe and improved working conditions at Palm Diera Island resulted into no injury or loss of life, however, during the Panama Canal construction more than 30,000 workers died affecting not only families of the respective workers but their nations as well. The impacts of both the projects on the society were also significant. The public opinion against the construction of the canal during the French period of construction was so significant that they had to abandon their construction equipment at the site. On the contrary, completion of construction of the Panama Canal during the French period helped secured political mileage for President Roosevelt and his party. Originality/value The paper benchmarks two different mega projects with different scope executed in two different regions at the lapse of a century. No such research work was found to have compared project management dimensions of two mega projects at the lapse of a century and in two different regions.
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Fogg, Shannon L. "Ordinary Workers, Vichy and the Holocaust: French Railwaymen and the Second World WarLudivine Broch." Holocaust and Genocide Studies 32, no. 3 (2018): 491–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcy045.
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Fakhfakh, Fathi, and Felix FitzRoy. "Is profit sharing good for the environment? Positive evidence from French firms." Journal of Participation and Employee Ownership 1, no. 2/3 (September 10, 2018): 128–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpeo-12-2017-0012.
Abstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to look at the effect of profit sharing (PS) on the ability of the firm to take care of the environment. Design/methodology/approach In a large cross-section of French firms, the authors find strong associations between PS and various innovations with environmental benefits. With cross-sectional data from the Community Innovation Survey and FARE, the authors estimate simultaneous equations for these effects, with endogenous PS. Findings This relationship between PS and environmental innovation is plausible, since workers benefit more than outside owners from a better local environment. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper provides the first empirical evidence, so the results suggest PS supports environmental policy, in addition to its other, better known incentive benefits. Research limitations/implications Further studies, using panel data, are needed. Practical implications Financial participation may be considered as an additional tool to protect the environment. Originality/value This is the first paper looking at the impact of PS on the ability of the firm to take care of the environment. In this critical period when policy makers are searching for ways to limit global warming and protect the environment, the authors have presented here the first evidence that financial participation helps to support these policies.
40
Jonathan, Adelia Suryani, and Mulyadi Mulyadi. "Analisis Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Low Back Pain Di PT. Maruki International Indonesia Makassar." Sulolipu: Media Komunikasi Sivitas Akademika dan Masyarakat 20, no. 1 (August 19, 2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32382/sulolipu.v20i1.1470.
Abstract:
Ergonomic is compatibility between working tools and workers who not suitable can cause workers to feel uncomfortable and decreased worker of productivity. One from things related of ergonomics is work position. In this case such as long standing, lifting, pushing, sitting position, etc. Workers of body activity that is not good in the long term will cause Low back pain (LBP) or Lower Back Pain (NPB).The aim of this study was to analyze the factors associated with the incidence of Low Back Pain in PT. Maruki International Indonesia Makassar .. This research is an observational analytic study with a cross sectional study design, a total sample of 58 people and using a purposive sampling method and data analysis is tested by conducting a statistical test that is chi square.The results showed there was no relation between age and the incidence of low back pain with P-value is 0.697> 0.05, there was a relation between duration time of work and the incidence of low back pain with P-value is 0.004 <0.05 and there was a relation between work ergonomics with the incidence of low back pain with P-value is 0.012 <0.05.Based on the results of this study concluded there ere no relation between the variables with the incidence of low back pain in workers at PT. Maruki International Indonesia Makssar in the factory section 1. Suggestions It is expected that workers improve their working methods of paying attention to health by applying ergonomic work principles to avoid injury, and other occupational diseases.Keywords: Low Back Pain, Age, Duration Of Work, Ergonomics
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Martin-Ortega, Olga, and Claire Methven O'Brien. "Advancing Respect for Labour Rights Globally through Public Procurement." Politics and Governance 5, no. 4 (December 14, 2017): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/pag.v5i4.1073.
Abstract:
Governments are mega-consumers of many manufactured products and services. As such they should in principle be able to influence workers’ rights abroad via the terms of purchase contracts. Yet to date little attention has been paid to the potential of public procurement to promote respect for labour rights globally besides the international trade law framework. Building on a limited emerging scholarship and policy developments, this article addresses this gap. Section 2 considers legal definitions of public procurement and distinguishes primary and secondary aims of procurement under key international and regional procurement regimes. This highlights that, although historically used to advance labour rights domestically, these regimes have restricted public buyers’ scope to advance labour rights beyond national borders. Section 3 explores new international policy frameworks on responsible global value chains and supply chains which by contrast appear to augur the greater use of public procurement to promote labour rights globally in future. Section 4 argues, supported by analysis of the limited examples available, that public buying has the potential to positively influence enjoyment of labour rights in practice. Concluding, Section 5 reflects on what the more specific impacts of public procurement in this context may be, and how public buying should complement other mechanisms for improving labour conditions across supply chains, such as social clauses in trade agreements. Finally, we outline issues for further research and the future policy agenda.
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Blokker, Niels. "International Organizations and their Members." International Organizations Law Review 1, no. 1 (2004): 139–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1572374043242448.
Abstract:
AbstractThe law of international organizations is a field of study full of themes with variations. With respect to a number of key chapters in this field, such as the legal status of international organizations, their institutional structure, powers, decision-making and decisions, sanctions, fundamental principles exist or are being developed. These principles or themes have a large number of variations in the rules and practice of individual organizations. Like in music, the variations in themselves may be interesting as such, but they can only be fully appreciated by not losing sight of the theme. Like in music, the themes in themselves may be interesting as such, but they can only be fully appreciated by also listening carefully to the multicoloured variations. This contribution is devoted to a central theme of the law of international organizations: the relationship between an international organization and its members. Already in the early days of existence of international organizations, this topic has given rise to numerous questions. Many of these have now been answered, but sometimes resurface in contemporary variations. In addition there are new questions. It is useful to first explore briefly the meaning of the word "members". The English word "member" and the French "membre" are both derived from the Latin word "membrum", which means "part of the body". This meaning is important because it indicates clearly that members are part of a whole – a fact which takes us straight to one of the core questions addressed in this article. Members of an international organization are not just members, after all – like the members of a bridge club or a gardening club. In most cases, the members of international organizations are states. How then can members of an international organization be members of a whole when in most cases those members are sovereign states, even if the concept of sovereignty of states is no longer as absolute at it used to be? This is one of the major questions within the field of the law of international organizations. In order to examine this question, this contribution is divided into two parts. Section I will concentrate on the role of members vis-à-vis international organizations. In Section II the focus will shift to the whole of which the members are part; this Section will briefly look at some of the questions involved in giving a certain amount of autonomy to this whole.
43
Bertho, Béatrice, and Hélène Martin. "“An Especially Thankless Work”? Filtering Practices in Emergency Shelters and Ethical Dilemmas for Street-level Social Workers in Western Switzerland." Zeitschrift für Sozialreform 66, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 387–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zsr-2020-0017.
Abstract:
Abstract Based on an ethnographic survey conducted in services for the homeless in French-speaking Switzerland, this paper examines street-level social workers’ struggles between the implementation of official policies and their direct work with people. Beyond their common condition of homelessness, people looking for shelter are a very heterogeneous group: undocumented migrants and foreign workers rub shoulders with poor, local pensioners, or with persons suffering from drug addiction or mental illness. Guided by national and international residence and labour legislation, local authorities and institutions have their own policies – more or less strict in their exclusion of poor migrants – regarding the legitimate beneficiaries of a place in the emergency accommodation system. In this article, we analyse the encounters of street-level social workers with homeless people and examine the practical, value-based and ethical dilemmas they face, as well the use of their discretionary power in making more - or less - appropriate shelter available for destitute migrants.
44
Marković, Predrag, and Luka Filipović. "KVANTIFIKACIJA REZULTATA U DRUŠTVENIM I HUMANISTIČKIM NAUKAMA – CITIRANOST KAO MERILO ISTORIOGRAFSKOG DOSTIGNUĆA U SLUČAJU INSTITUTA ZA SAVREMENU ISTORIJU." Istorija 20. veka 39, no. 2/2021 (August 1, 2021): 461–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.29362/ist20veka.2021.2.mar.461-478.
Abstract:
Quantifying citations as a measure of academic achievement has been a disputed tool, not only within the Serbian academic community. Nature Magazine published “The Leiden Manifesto”, advocating harmonization between quantitative and qualitative criteria. As a contribution to such efforts, this paper examines the production of the researchers of the Institute for Contemporary History in Belgrade. The Institute has been chosen as the most productive institution in Serbia in terms of the number of publications. Proportionally to the number of published works in a certain language, the most frequently quoted papers have been written in German, then in French. The reason for that is the particular interest of some big academic communities for certain issues. For example, the German academic community’s curiosity for socialism derives from its interest in the German Democratic Republic, its history and its society. Papers dealing with foreign workers also address some German internal issues. Publications in French have been more often quoted if they addressed World War I topics. And last but not least, works on the Yugoslav wars of the 1990’s reflects the political and academic interest of the international community. Thus, the most quoted works often respond to the requirements of some foreign factors, such as the international community or some big national academic circles (German and French). These papers sometimes fail to address certain local educational and cultural needs. It is important to combine broader regional and international interests with internal cultural needs. Therefore, more papers should be written in foreign languages, especially in English, which is the primary language of international academic exchange.
45
Buzoianu, A. D., and C. A. Popescu. "Suicidal Ideation Among International Medical Students Studying Medicine in Romania." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.998.
Abstract:
BackgroundThe burden of mental health impairment in medical students is an important research subjects. Evidence shows that medical students have a higher prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety than the general population. A number of studies regarding suicidal ideation among medical students have been carried out, but this topic has largely been ignored in regard to international medical students coming from Western European countries studying medicine in Eastern European countries. Suicidal ideation is the early symptom of suicidal actions. The students are the most vulnerable and easily influenced by cases of suicide, especially in a closed group with little connections with the general population like the international students.ObjectivesFollowing 2 suicides in our university, we aim to measure the prevalence of suicidal ideations in international students.MethodsOverall, 150 medical students from the French section studying at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, Romania, were evaluated for symptoms of depression using BDI and for suicide ideation using Beck HS.ResultsSuicidal ideation was present in 28.57% of the French international medical students. Depression and the lack of social support had a significant relationship with suicidal ideation.ConclusionsSuicide is a serious issue that has to be dealt with immediately. It is important to assist medical students who are considering the possibility of committing suicide, so that they overcome their difficulties. There is a need to identify the prevalence of suicidal ideation among medical students and for student counselling.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
46
Sheil, Christopher. "The Origins of Unions: Some Miscellaneous Sydney Workers in 1910." Journal of Industrial Relations 33, no. 3 (September 1991): 295–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569103300301.
Abstract:
In considering the causes and possible corrections for the current decline in Australian trade union membership, it may help to reflect on the origins of the movement. This article presents evidence and an argument about one aspect of the origins of the Federated Miscellaneous Workers Union (FMWU). The evidence concerns the social history of watchmen, caretakers and cleaners, who formed the original core of the union's membership. The argument is that these workers amounted to such an improbable basis for a union that the simple fact of their organization represents a substantial challenge to the common assumption in labour history that it is the cohesion of an occupational group that empowers it. To the extent that the origins of the union are typical, it can be suggested that the period of tremendous Australian trade union formation and growth between 1907 and 1913 owed much more to general political and, by extertsion, social conditions than it did to the specific circumstances of any particular section of workers.
47
Milner, Susan. "Paths to Retirement: The French Life-Course Regime and the Regulation of Older Workers’ Employment." French Politics 5, no. 3 (August 14, 2007): 229–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.fp.8200130.
48
Brooks, Julia, and Rob Grace. "Confronting Humanitarian Insecurity." Journal of Humanitarian Affairs 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/jha.030.
Abstract:
Violence against aid workers seeking to bring assistance and protection to vulnerable people amid ongoing armed conflicts, disasters or other crises has fuelled growing concern over how to protect the humanitarian mission. Based on semi-structured interviews conducted with 118 practitioners involved in humanitarian operations and security management, this article considers three under-analysed prongs of grappling with humanitarian insecurity. The first three sections, in turn, examine the pursuit of accountability at both the domestic and international levels, public advocacy efforts and confidential negotiation. The fourth section links the article’s assessment of these three modes of responding to humanitarian insecurity to the broader discourse on security management in the humanitarian sector. Specifically, this section revisits and reimagines the security triangle, a framework that has played an influential role in shaping discourse on security management in humanitarian operations. The final section offers concluding remarks.
49
Guichaoua, Yvan. "The bitter harvest of French interventionism in the Sahel." International Affairs 96, no. 4 (July 1, 2020): 895–911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiaa094.
Abstract:
Abstract This article studies the bitter diplomatic sequence arising in the fall of 2019 between France and the Sahelian countries where France has been conducting military operations since 2013. Far from being just one more hiccup in the troubled relations between France and its former colonies, the article interprets this sequence as a constitutive effect of French protracted military presence in the Sahel. Specifically, it argues that although France has a rather clear security-driven agenda, its operational moves produced by bureaucratic thinking are questioned by influential sections of Sahelian public opinions who frame the French military presence as a deeply political issue over their country's sovereignty. In addition, being the de facto military guarantor of the security of Sahelian regimes, France constrains the domestic political conversation through the ‘red lines’ it imposes on actors. This externally-induced distortion of the domestic political landscape eventually places Sahelian authorities in front of a dilemma. Pleasing their foreign patrons might cost them the support of the section of public opinion most attached to national sovereignty, and expose them to nationalist entrepreneurs.
50
Charmarkeh, Houssein. "Social Media Usage, Tahriib (Migration), and Settlement among Somali Refugees in France." Refuge: Canada's Journal on Refugees 29, no. 1 (October 18, 2013): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/1920-7336.37505.
Abstract:
Technologies are omnipresent in our society, from mobile telephone systems to satellite television and Internet broadcasting, which shape the way we live, work, and interact. They have also transformed the experience of international migration, making it possible for migrants to maintain strong ties between the host society and the home country. In this article, we examine the precarious situation lived by Somali refugees in France, and we explore their uses of social media during tahriib or their migratory path and settlement in three French cities. Th e fi rst section discusses the method on which this fi eld study is based, that of critical and multi-sited ethnography. Aft er describing living conditions experienced by Somali refugees in France in the next section, the last section presents the findings of the field study. In doing so, the present research strives to fill a research gap by contributing to the advancement of knowledge on social media use by refugees.