Relevant bibliographies by topics / Freely suspended films

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Freely suspended films'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 25 May 2024

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Freely suspended films.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Freely suspended films"

1

Decher, G., J. Reibel, M. Honig, et al. "Freely-Suspended and Transferred Freely-Suspended Films of Polymeric Liquid Crystals." Berichte der Bunsengesellschaft für physikalische Chemie 97, no. 10 (1993): 1386–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbpc.19930971035.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Kats, E. I., and V. V. Lebedev. "Dynamics of freely suspended smectic films." Uspekhi Fizicheskih Nauk 152, no. 8 (1987): 695. http://dx.doi.org/10.3367/ufnr.0152.198708k.0695.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Kats, E. I., and V. V. Lebedev. "Dynamics of freely suspended smectic films." Soviet Physics Uspekhi 30, no. 8 (1987): 739–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/pu1987v030n08abeh002945.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Kraus, Isabelle, Christian Bahr, and Pawel Pieranski. "Mechanical Properties of Freely Suspended Smectic Films." Journal de Physique II 7, no. 11 (1997): 1617–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp2:1997206.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Langer, C., and R. Stannarius. "Electroconvection in Freely Suspended Smectic C* Films." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 328, no. 1 (1999): 533–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10587259908026097.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Śliwa, I., and A. V. Zakharov. "Diffusion processes in freely suspended smectic films." Physics of the Solid State 59, no. 8 (2017): 1648–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063783417080248.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Gennes, Pierre-Gilles de. "Glass transitions of freely suspended polymer films." Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IV - Physics 1, no. 9 (2000): 1179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1296-2147(00)01131-8.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Denkov, Nikolai D., Hideyuki Yoshimura, Kuniaki Nagayama, and Tsutomu Kouyama. "Nanoparticle Arrays in Freely Suspended Vitrified Films." Physical Review Letters 76, no. 13 (1996): 2354–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.76.2354.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Martinez, Y., A. M. Somoza, L. Mederos, and D. E. Sullivan. "Metastability of freely suspended liquid-crystal films." Physical Review E 53, no. 3 (1996): 2466–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreve.53.2466.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Stannarius, R., and C. Langer. "Kink Propagation in Freely Suspended SmC* Films." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 358, no. 1 (2001): 109–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10587250108028275.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Freely suspended films"

1

Sharma, Sunil K. "Dynamic Light Scattering Studies of Layer Fluctuations in Freely Suspended Smectic Liquid Crystal Films." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1182907404.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Missaoui, Amine. "Dynamics of topological defects in freely floating smectic liquid crystal films and bubbles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS207.

Full text
Abstract:
L'objectif de la thèse est d'étudier la dynamique des défauts topologiques dans les cristaux liquides (LC). Parmi le large éventail de choix possibles, nous nous intéressons à la phase cristalline liquide thermotropique smectique-C. La propriété unique de cette phase LC permet de former des films librement suspendus, qui sont supportés sur un support et délimités par un ménisque, et des bulles flottant librement. Les études dans ces systèmes en suspension sont d'une part moins influencées par les conditions limites qui existent dans le cas des cellules LC et d'autre part plus faciles à interpréter grâce à la géométrie bidimensionnelle de ces films et bulles. L'objectif consiste à exploiter les propriétés des films et des bulles en suspension libre de la smectique-C pour l'étude de la dynamique des défauts topologiques<br>The aim of the thesis is to study the dynamics of topological defects in liquid crystals (LC). Among the wide range of possible choices, we are interested in the thermotropic smectic-C liquid crystalline phase. The unique property of this LC phase allows to form freely suspended films, that are supported on a holder and bounded by a meniscus, and freely floating bubbles. The studies in these suspended systems are on the one hand less influenced by the boundary conditions that exist in the case of the LC cells and on the other hand easier to interpret thanks to the two-dimensional geometry of these films and bubbles. The aim of the PhD consists in exploiting the properties of smectique-C freely suspended films and bubbles for the study of the dynamics of topological defects
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Dölle, Sarah [Verfasser]. "Dynamics in thin, freely suspended, fluid films : impact of picoliter droplets and in-plane microrheology / Sarah Dölle." Magdeburg : Universitätsbibliothek, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1166753093/34.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Pattanaporkratana, Apichart. "Textures and interactions between vortices in the two-dimensional XY field of freely suspended SmC and SmC* liquid crystal films." Connect to online resource, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3273732.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Hussein, Sheik Abdulkadir. "Electrokinetic phenomena in aqueous suspended films and foams." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2018. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/33718.

Full text
Abstract:
Electrokinetic phenomena in liquid foams is at a junction between two areas. On one side is the investigation of liquid foam drainage, and on the other side is electrokinetics of surface driven flow on solid-liquid interfaces. However, the electrokinetic phenomena in liquid foam films significantly lack understanding. Therefore, the novelty of the thesis is to address the mentioned gap in three stages. The outcome has potential applications in a novel separation approaches of biological molecules such as proteins and DNA. In the first stage, the electrokinetic flow of a sufficiently thick (180 μm) free liquid film was investigated using cationic and anionic surfactants by confocal micron-resolution particle image velocimetry (μ-PIV). The reverse of the surface charge resulted in a shift in charge of the electrical double layer at the free liquid film interface, which caused the direction of the electroosmotic velocity to reverse. In each surfactant type used, the fluid velocity profiles were measured at different depths of the free liquid film (different z-planes). It was found how the fluid velocity varied with depth. Numerical simulations of the electroosmotic flow in the same system were also performed using Finite Element Method to understand the flow dynamics. A reasonably good agreement was found between the numerical simulations and the experimental results validating the model. In the second stage, instead of flow visualisation particles, rhodamine B (RB) and fluorescein isocyanate (FICT) dye were added to the free liquid film. Under the initial conditions of pH 7.2, RB is a neutral dye, and FICT has a -2 charge. Under an imposed electric field pH variations were detected and an interesting flow profile was observed. The CFD model developed earlier (stage one) was modified to include the local pH variation. The behaviour of the simulated pH had a good agreement with the behaviour of the FICT. Further confirmation of local pH variation was undertaken using extra new experiments which also showed a good agreed with the simulation. In the third stage, a liquid foam electrokinetic separation chamber was designed to extend the study to include practical applications. The first challenge was to achieve a stable foam under external electric field. A polymer-surfactant mixture can solve the stability problem. However, the mixture of polymers required an alkaline pH (>9) condition for the polymer mixture to be soluble in the aqueous system. Lectin and tetramethylrhodamine goat anti-rabbit (IgG) protein mixture with different molecular mass to charge ratio (50 kDa and 150 kDa) were injected near the anode. The system was monitored in three location: (a) in a vicinity of the injection region, (b) between the two electrodes and (c) in a vicinity of the cathode. In the region (a), a decay of the luminescence intensity of the fluorescein of the two proteins was noted with varying rate. In region (b), an increase followed by a decrease in fluorescein intensity of the proteins was observed again at a varying rate. In region (c), an increase of the dye concentration was observed and again at a different rate. The observed difference was caused by difference of the electrophoretic velocity of the two proteins. The setup proved that proteins could be separated based on their electrophoretic mobility inside a liquid foam. The findings from the thesis show the ability to manipulate fluid flow within a free liquid film, and inside a liquid foam system by an external DC electric field, is not only interesting academically but has potential application in a novel separation approach of biological molecules and beyond. The result show, with the correct surfactant formulation, it possible to make a stable foam under an electric field which can be set up for separation of proteins using foam electrokinetics.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Selmi, Mayada. "Textures à la surface libre de cristaux liquides smectiques : étude en géométrie films librement suspendus et sur substrats structurés." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0098/document.

Full text
Abstract:
Ces travaux concernent l’étude expérimentale des textures se développant dans les ménisques de films smectiques de cristaux liquides thermotropes. Ces fluides complexes nous servent de système modèle pour l’étude des couplages élasto-capillaires qui se manifestent dans certaines conditions par des déformations périodiques de l’interface cristal liquide-air. Dans un premier temps, à partir de l’étude détaillée de la topographie de l’interface par une méthode interférométrique, nous caractérisons les différents types de structures, puis, identifions les principaux paramètres impliqués dans le processus d'apparition des défauts dans le ménisque de films libres suspendus. Ces résultats nous servent de base pour discuter des mécanismes physiques qui génèrent les différents types de défauts observés. Nous regardons en particulier, comment la diminution d’épaisseur de couche associée à une transition de phase va induire une instabilité mécanique responsable de l’apparition des ondulations de l’interface. Dans un deuxième temps, afin d’aller plus loin dans la compréhension des mécanismes, nous avons utilisé des films minces de cristaux liquides déposés sur des substrats solides microstructurés par des plots fabriqués par des techniques photolitographiques. Une telle géométrie permet de générer un ménisque autour de chaque plot et surtout de faire varier un plus grand nombre de paramètres comme par exemple l’ancrage sur le substrat via un traitement chimique de surface. L’ensemble de nos résultats apportent un éclairage nouveau sur la caractérisation et la compréhension des déformations spécifiques aux ménisques de fluides complexes<br>The present work is an experimental study of the textures that appear in the meniscus of free standing smectic films with thermotropic liquid crystals. These complex fluids serve as model systems to investigate elasto-capillary phenomena which, under certain conditions, manifest themselves through periodic deformations of the liquid crystalair interface. In the first part of the thesis, we focus our attention on meniscus structures whose interfacial topographies are thoroughly characterized thanks to an in-house optical interferometry technique. Our study allows us to identify the main parameters involved in the development of meniscus structures and to discuss the physical mechanisms that are likely to be responsible for their formation. In particular, we show how a phase transition-induced layer shrinkage triggers a mechanical instability leading to interfacial undulations of the smectic free surface. In the second part of the manuscript, we address the case of thin liquid crystal films deposited on solid patterned solid substrates. The latter consist of regular arrays of microposts fabricated through photolithographic techniques. Such a geometry allows a meniscus to be formed around each micropost and makes it possible to examine the influence of other parameters such as the anchoring conditions on the solid substrate. The results gathered so far are able to shed some light on the characterization and the understanding of the specific deformations and textures that appear in the menisci of complex fluids
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Naresh, Shakya Man. "Studies of Electronic Transport in Novel Smectic and Discotic Liquid Crystalline Organic Semiconductors." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1289418142.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Liu, Wen Qi, and 劉文祺. "Electroconvection in a freely suspended film of smectic a liguid crystal." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61013918892702761341.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Books on the topic "Freely suspended films"

1

Freely suspended liquid crystalline films. J. Wiley, 1998.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Sonin, A. A. Freely Suspended Liquid Crystalline Films. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2000.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Morris, Stephen William *. Electroconvection in a freely suspended smectic film. 1991.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Book chapters on the topic "Freely suspended films"

1

Kats, E. I., and V. V. Lebedev. "Freely Suspended Films." In Partially Ordered Systems. Springer New York, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4332-8_6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Pleiner, H., and H. R. Brand. "The Undulation Mode of Freely Suspended Liquid Films." In Springer Proceedings in Physics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84763-9_57.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Gordienko, V. M., M. A. Joukov, and A. B. Savel’ev. "Ultrafast Incoherent X-Ray Source Utilizing Ultra Thin Freely Suspended Films." In Applications of High-Field and Short Wavelength Sources. Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9241-6_25.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Morris, Stephen W., John R. de Bruyn, and A. D. May. "Electroconvection in a Freely Suspended Film of Smectic a Liquid Crystal." In NATO ASI Series. Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5793-3_35.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Stannarius, Ralf, and Kirsten Harth. "Inclusions in freely suspended smectic films." In Series in Soft Condensed Matter. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814619264_0011.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Freely suspended films"

1

Babaev, V. G., M. S. Dzhidzhoev, V. M. Gordienko, et al. "Overheating of Femtosecond Plasma in Freely Suspended Superthin Films." In Applications of High Field and Short Wavelength Sources. Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/hfsw.1997.the35.

Full text
Abstract:
Previously we proposed a new thin film target to obtain femtosecond plasma overheating using artificially limited thermoconductivity [1]. We discussed the results of computer modeling of interaction of superintense femtosecond laser pulse with freely suspended thin carbon film. It was shown that for film thicknesses of 50 nm and less the electron temperature rises up to 500 eV and even higher with decrease in thickness. This causes increase in x-ray yield from H- and He-like C ions. In this paper we present for the first time the experimental results demonstrating the phenomenon for freely suspended carbon films as thin as 20-30 nm. It was obtained that for these superthin films x-ray yield increased more than twofold for p-polarized light. The comparison of the experimental results with predictions of the computer code shows good quantitative agreement and leads to the conclusion that there is threefold overheating of plasma layer up to 500 eV.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Langer, Christian, Ralf Stannarius, Alice Becker, and Horst Stegemeyer. "Electrohydrodynamic instabilities in freely suspended smectic C films." In Liquid Crystals, edited by Jolanta Rutkowska, Stanislaw J. Klosowicz, Jerzy Zielinski, and Jozef Zmija. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.299959.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Dzhidzhoev, M. S., Vyacheslav M. Gordienko, V. V. Kolchin, et al. "Interaction of superintense femtosecond laser pulses with freely suspended thin films." In ALT '95 International Conference: Advanced Materials for Optics and Optoelectronics, edited by Alexander M. Prokhorov and Vladimir I. Pustovoy. SPIE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.232210.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Ramousse, Loic, Gilles Chériaux, Cyrille Claudet, and Aurélie Jullien. "Femtosecond Laser-Induced Damage Threshold of Nematic Liquid Crystals at 1030 nm." In CLEO: Science and Innovations. Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2022.stu5h.5.

Full text
Abstract:
The femtosecond laser-induced damage threshold of freely-suspended thin films of liquid crystals is investigated. The breakdown is found dominated by ionization at low repetition rate and by linear absorption at high repetition rate.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Karn, A. J., and Y. R. Shen. "Light-induced molecular reorientation in a free-standing smectic-C film." In OSA Annual Meeting. Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1988.we5.

Full text
Abstract:
Large optical nonlinearities from molecular reorientation are observed in freely suspended films of tilted layered smectic-C liquid crystals. Unlike the nematic case, smectic-C molecules are restricted to reorienting about the layer normal. The light interacts with the light-induced dipole, producing an optical torque on the molecules. Within the 100-molecular layer film, a region is reoriented, producing an elastic torque which balances the optical torque. As the linear light polarization angle is changed, the optical torque varies. Thermal effects are negligible, since the intensity is fixed. Above a threshold intensity, there are two stable configurations for the same polarization angle. The reorientation is found by measuring the phase shift of the central region with a weak probe beam. A simple torque-balance model explains all the observed behavior.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Przedmojski, Jan. "X-ray and optical investigations of free suspended films." In Liquid and Solid State Crystals: Physics, Technology, and Applications, edited by Jozef Zmija. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.156945.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Li, Zijian, Jaeho Lee, John P. Reifenberg, Mehdi Asheghi, H. S. Philip Wong, and Kenneth E. Goodson. "In-Plane Thermal Conduction and Conductivity Anisotropy in Ge2Sb2Te5 Films for Phase Change Memory." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-40459.

Full text
Abstract:
Thermal conduction governs the program/erase speed and power consumption of phase change memory (PCM) devices. This work presents the in-plane thermal conductivity measurement of Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) films suspended in a microfabricated structure for the amorphous (a-GST), face-centered cubic (f-GST) and hexagonal close packed (h-GST) phases. The unique design of free-standing GST films eliminates the out-of-plane heat loss to the substrate and achieves high sensitivity to lateral heat conduction. The measured in-plane thermal conductivities of GST thin films are 0.18 ± 0.02 Wm−1K−1 for a-GST, 0.49 ± 0.04 Wm−1K−1 for f-GST and 1.03 ± 0.06 Wm−1K−1 for h-GST. The out-of-plane thermal conductivities are measured by using the 3ω technique. We report the in-plane thermal conductivity is 81% of the out-of-plane thermal conductivity for the crystalline phases while no anisotropy is observed for the amorphous phase. The microstructure of the GST thin film is responsible for the direction-dependent thermal conductivities.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Easter, Clayton, and Chad B. O’Neal. "Annealing Procedures and Their Effects on PZT/Nanoparticle Thin Films via a Modified Sol-Gel Process." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-43792.

Full text
Abstract:
The development of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) films can be a fairly troublesome process when trying to obtain a viable thick crack-free film. Traditional methods for film fabrication via a pure sol-gel solution provide the best results, but still can have many problems. This paper maps out the specific spin-coating and annealing steps used in order to achieve a PZT film with minimal-to-no cracking and/or delamination. A seed layer of PbTiO3 (PT) was used in order to create nucleation sites for the subsequent PZT layers, virtually eliminating any delamination. All layers, including the PT base layer, were spin-coated at 3000 rpm onto a 100-mm silicon wafer (previously sputtered with Ti and Pt for adhesive and conductive purposes, respectively) and soft-baked at 150 °C for 10 min. Initial annealing procedures produced severe cracking, a result of the relatively high cooling rates through the Curie temperature (∼350 °C). The annealing process was refined, for individual layers, to 550°C for 120 s, with a cooling rate of 0.042 °/s between 400 and 300 °C. Final annealing was conducted at 600 °C for 30 min, with a cooling rate of 0.028 °/s between 400 and 300 °C. The resulting PZT layer was virtually crack-free. Platinum was sputtered again subsequent to PZT deposition in order to pole the piezoelectric material. A PZT/nanoparticle powder mixture was also investigated as the piezoelectric layer. PZT nanoparticles were suspended in the sol-gel precursor solution and then spin-coated also at 3000 rpm onto a 100-mm wafer and soft-baked at 150 °C for 10 min. The relatively slow cooling rate was extended between 500 and 100 °C in order to prevent any cracking that might occur along grain boundaries between the individual PZT nanoparticles. The resulting film was crack-free, however displaying areas of agglomerated nanoparticles.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Do-Quang, Minh, Go¨ran Stemme, Wouter van der Wijngaart, and Gustav Amberg. "Numerical Simulation of the Passage of Small Liquid Droplets Through a Thin Liquid Film." In ASME 2008 6th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2008-62319.

Full text
Abstract:
We simulate numerically a novel method for dispensing, mixing and ejecting of picolitre liquid samples in a single step. The system consists of a free liquid film, suspended in a frame and positioned in front of a droplet dispenser. On impact, a picolitre droplet merges with the film, but due to its momentum, passes through and forms a droplet that separates on the other side and continues its flight. Through this process the liquid in the droplet and that in the film is mixed in a controlled way. We model the flow using the Navier-Stokes together with the Cahn-Hilliard equations. This system allows us to simulate the motion of a free surface in the presence of surface tension during merging, mixing and ejection of droplets. The influence of dispensing conditions was studied and it was found that the residual velocity of droplets after passage through the thin liquid film matches the measured velocity from the experiment well.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Kheyfets, Vitaly O., and Sarah L. Kieweg. "Thin Film Flow of Polymeric Anti-HIV Microbicides: Comparison of 3-D Numerical and Experimental Simulations." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53793.

Full text
Abstract:
In 2008, approximately 33.4 million people were living with HIV worldwide[1]. The rate of infection increases by about 5 million people per year[2], with a significant portion resulting from unprotected sex. A microbicide is a topical formulation that consists of a pharmaceutical agent suspended in a delivery vehicle (e.g. a polymeric liquid also called a “microbicide gel”), and could be a potential tool for preventing HIV transmission during intercourse. The vehicle itself can act as a physical barrier and, if designed with ideal physicochemical properties, might eliminate the need for a pharmaceutical agent altogether. In fact, a vehicle’s ability to coat the epithelium has been singled out as a crucial variable, which might dictate the microbicide’s efficacy[3]. Our overall objective is to develop an effective delivery vehicle that is capable of coating the vaginal epithelium under the influence of gravity, shearing, and compressive forces. The objective of this study is to numerically simulate the evolution of the 3-D free surface of a non-Newtonian fluid spreading under the influence of gravity. In addition, we aim to compare the spreading characteristics of the numerical model with experimental data, while incorporating similar initial conditions. Here, we present the advantages of accounting for lateral spreading in the numerical simulation.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography