Relevant bibliographies by topics / Free trade areas

Academic literature on the topic 'Free trade areas'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 March 2023

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Contents

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Free trade areas.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Free trade areas"

1

Mazyrin, V. "Vietnam: Free Trade Areas." World Economy and International Relations 60, no. 3 (2016): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2016-60-3-72-82.

Full text
Abstract:
The paper provides comparative characteristics of free trade areas (FTA) with Vietnam’s participation, and attempts to summarize his rich and instructive experience in this realm. The first section analyzes the reasons of creation and the balance of power in the FTA with the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). In the second section it describes the general approach of Vietnam towards integration into the world economy and presents the FTA network (“spaghetti bowl”) set up by Hanoi. The author assesses the factors that determined the choice of Vietnam and the participants of the EAEU while establishing their FTA. He reveals the motivation of the EAEU leaders, particularly Russia, in their decision, the importance of economic aspects of cooperation with the first partner in the FTA framework. Thus, it becomes possible to discover the importance of new integration union for both parties. Economic potential of the FTA members is estimated in order to define their respective roles, “weight category” and, finally, the main beneficiaries of the agreement. So far, we verify the correctness of the dissemination of findings from our analysis of trade between Russia and Vietnam (for which we have representative data) on the agreement at whole. The author explores the main parameters of the agreements with the Asia-Pacific countries and displays aspects of the FTA agreements different for the EAEU and other Vietnam partners. It makes easier to identify countries and regions that take the leaders’ position in the integration process. The composition of trade and other forms of interaction between participants of the FTA in both groups of Vietnam partners is highlighted and a tendency to boost them is revealed. The paper promotes estimations on the conditions, rate, magnitude and first results of liberalization of mutual trade, on safeguard measures applied to support domestic producers. It reveals the preferential treatment difference granted by FTA parties to each other and the reasons for these differences. In conclusion, the impact of the FTA network on competition between Russia (EAEU) and other Vietnam partners which occupied the best position in its market is stressed.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Dong, Yan, and John Whalley. "Carbon, Trade Policy and Carbon Free Trade Areas." World Economy 33, no. 9 (September 6, 2010): 1073–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2010.01272.x.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Yamko, Pavel. "Efficiency of Free Trade Areas and Regional Trade Agreements as Mechanisms of Overcoming Financial Crisis." JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES 2, no. 1 (May 20, 2009): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2008/2-1/17.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Tabakis, Chrysostomos. "Free-trade areas and special protection." Journal of International Trade & Economic Development 24, no. 8 (February 11, 2015): 1054–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09638199.2014.999817.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Clausing, Kimberly A. "Customs Unions and Free Trade Areas." Journal of Economic Integration 15, no. 3 (September 15, 2000): 418–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.11130/jei.2000.15.3.418.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Ornelas, Emanuel. "Trade creating free trade areas and the undermining of multilateralism." European Economic Review 49, no. 7 (October 2005): 1717–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2004.03.010.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Panagariya, Arvind, and Pravin Krishna. "On necessarily welfare-enhancing free trade areas." Journal of International Economics 57, no. 2 (August 2002): 353–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1996(01)00152-0.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Kono, Daniel Yuichi. "Are Free Trade Areas Good for Multilateralism? Evidence from the European Free Trade Association." International Studies Quarterly 46, no. 4 (December 2002): 507–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2478.00243.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Menon, Jayant. "Transitional economies in free trade areas: Lao PDR in the ASEAN free trade area." Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy 4, no. 2 (January 1999): 340–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13547869908724685.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

BUN, MAURICE J. G., FRANC J. G. M. KLAASSEN, and G. K. RANDOLPH TAN. "FREE TRADE AREAS AND INTRA-REGIONAL TRADE: THE CASE OF ASEAN." Singapore Economic Review 54, no. 03 (August 2009): 319–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590809003367.

Full text
Abstract:
We study the effects of free trade areas on bilateral trade flows. We review and extend the previous empirical literature by embarking on the modelling of unobserved heterogeneity. We apply our preferred model to the case of the Asean Free Trade Area (AFTA). The estimation results suggest that there has been a positive effect of AFTA. This empirical finding is contrary to earlier estimation results, which are typically not so positive about AFTA. It is our impression that these earlier estimates on AFTA are confounded with the effects of unobserved determinants of trade.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Free trade areas"

1

Kuhn, Thomas, Radomir Pestow, and Anja Zenker. "Self-Enforcing Climate Coalitions and Preferential Free Trade Areas." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-193118.

Full text
Abstract:
In this paper, we discuss the endogenous formation of self-enforcing climate coalitions linked to the issue of a free trade agreement. As a framework, a strategic trade model is used in which countries may discourage greenhouse gas emissions by means of an import tariff on dirty goods. In addition, countries can set an emissions cap being effective on a permit market. Our main focus, however, is on the utilization of terms of trade privileges provided to members of a preferential free trade area. We propose evidence for that the welfare gains of trade liberalization are strongly promoting the formation of climate coalitions. In the parametrical simulation of the model, global emissions as well as climate change damages are found significantly reduced compared to the BAU scenario while global welfare is found significantly higher.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Kuhn, Thomas, Radomir Pestow, and Anja Zenker. "Self-Enforcing Climate Coalitions and Preferential Free Trade Areas." Technische Universität Chemnitz, 2015. https://monarch.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A20378.

Full text
Abstract:
In this paper, we discuss the endogenous formation of self-enforcing climate coalitions linked to the issue of a free trade agreement. As a framework, a strategic trade model is used in which countries may discourage greenhouse gas emissions by means of an import tariff on dirty goods. In addition, countries can set an emissions cap being effective on a permit market. Our main focus, however, is on the utilization of terms of trade privileges provided to members of a preferential free trade area. We propose evidence for that the welfare gains of trade liberalization are strongly promoting the formation of climate coalitions. In the parametrical simulation of the model, global emissions as well as climate change damages are found significantly reduced compared to the BAU scenario while global welfare is found significantly higher.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Melatos, Mark. "Modelling Regional Trade Agreements." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/486.

Full text
Abstract:
In the last twenty years, regional trade agreements have proliferated. These have usually taken the form of customs unions (CUs) or free trade areas (FTAs). This thesis concentrates mostly on the formation and behaviour of CUs. Union members levy a common external tariff (CET) on non-members. Existing theoretical models, however, do not agree on how the CET rate is chosen. Every model imposes a different choice rule exogenously. In this thesis, for the first time, plausible choice rules, based on the CU's social welfare function, are derived endogenously. The strategic behaviour of members and non-members, reveals that responsibility for CET choice tends to be assumed by the member that can induce the rest of the world to levy those tariffs members prefer to face. Relatively few general results exist describing the relationship between country characteristics and trade bloc formation. Here, new light is shed on this issue, by systematically analysing bloc formation in an asymmetric world, and investigating the role of preferences in coalition formation. It is found that global free trade is most likely to arise when all countries are similar. Customs unions tend to form between relatively well-endowed countries or those with similar preferences. It is also demonstrated that CUs will usually Pareto dominate FTAs, except where preferences differ significantly. The role of transfers in CU formation has received relatively little attention in the regionalism literature. In this thesis, optimal intra-union transfers are introduced and their impact on CET choice is investigated. The impact of transfers on CU behaviour depends on the direction of the transfer. When the relatively inelastic member is the recipient, the CU responds less aggressively to non-member tariff choices than it does when transfers are not permitted. However, if the relatively elastic member is the transfer recipient, the union's aggression increases. Moreover, when one union member exercises a similar degree of control over both CET and transfer choice, then the equilibrium CET tends to be lower than in the corresponding no-transfers situation.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Melatos, Mark. "Modelling Regional Trade Agreements." University of Sydney. Economics and Political Science, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/486.

Full text
Abstract:
In the last twenty years, regional trade agreements have proliferated. These have usually taken the form of customs unions (CUs) or free trade areas (FTAs). This thesis concentrates mostly on the formation and behaviour of CUs. Union members levy a common external tariff (CET) on non-members. Existing theoretical models, however, do not agree on how the CET rate is chosen. Every model imposes a different choice rule exogenously. In this thesis, for the first time, plausible choice rules, based on the CU's social welfare function, are derived endogenously. The strategic behaviour of members and non-members, reveals that responsibility for CET choice tends to be assumed by the member that can induce the rest of the world to levy those tariffs members prefer to face. Relatively few general results exist describing the relationship between country characteristics and trade bloc formation. Here, new light is shed on this issue, by systematically analysing bloc formation in an asymmetric world, and investigating the role of preferences in coalition formation. It is found that global free trade is most likely to arise when all countries are similar. Customs unions tend to form between relatively well-endowed countries or those with similar preferences. It is also demonstrated that CUs will usually Pareto dominate FTAs, except where preferences differ significantly. The role of transfers in CU formation has received relatively little attention in the regionalism literature. In this thesis, optimal intra-union transfers are introduced and their impact on CET choice is investigated. The impact of transfers on CU behaviour depends on the direction of the transfer. When the relatively inelastic member is the recipient, the CU responds less aggressively to non-member tariff choices than it does when transfers are not permitted. However, if the relatively elastic member is the transfer recipient, the union's aggression increases. Moreover, when one union member exercises a similar degree of control over both CET and transfer choice, then the equilibrium CET tends to be lower than in the corresponding no-transfers situation.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Kitwiwattanachai, Anyarath. "Quantitative impacts of alternative East Asia free trade areas : a CGE assessment." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2008. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10489/.

Full text
Abstract:
The aim of this thesis is to make a comprehensive assessment and comparison of the quantitative economic impacts at both the domestic and the international level of four alternative FTA options in East Asia - ASEAN-China, ASEAN-Japan, ASEAN-Korea and East Asia - by using a static multi-region, multi-sector CGE model as a tool. With two main extensions to the "standard" CGE model in this study - the introduction of unemployment and the incorporation of highly disaggregated household data (Thailand is a case study) - the analysis is enhanced on the issues of labour markets and poverty and the income distribution. The model results show that trade liberalisation could alleviate real wage inequality in countries abundant in unskilled labour, i.e. China and ASEAN. In contrast, real wage inequality worsens in Japan and Korea, where skilled labour is relatively abundant. The unemployment feature incorporated in the model gives quantitative predictions of both lower unemployment and higher real wages. In general, under a regional agreement - East Asia FTA - member countries would enjoy higher economic welfare gains than under any of the bilateral agreements - ASEAN-China FTA, ASEAN-Japan FTA or ASEAN-Korea FTA. When focusing on poverty and income distribution effects in Thailand, the model results at the national level suggest that all the trade liberalisation options will alleviate the poverty problem in Thailand, but that the degree of poverty reduction will vary depending upon the implemented policy. The poverty in the poorest community (villages), and in the poorest region (the Northeast) improves the most from the East Asia FTA. On the other hand, trade liberalisation, under all options,does not have a major impact on income disparity in Thailand. Sensitivity tests indicate that these results are robust. However, such an "ideal" regional agreement might be deterred by the different strategies of other East Asia nations and by the uneasy relationship between China and Japan, reflecting their economic and political differences.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Xiao, Renfeng. "Three essays on the economics of preferential trade agreements: free trade areas, rules of origin and customs unions." Diss., Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/6815.

Full text
Abstract:
Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Economics
Yang M. Chang
There have been considerable discussions about why countries have interests in forming preferential trade agreements (PTAs), which typically take the forms of a “free trade area” (FTA) with Rules of Origin (ROO) and a “customs union” (CU) (World Bank, 2005). This dissertation contains three essays with three different models of trade under oligopoly to analyze various issues on preferential trade agreements. The first essay examines welfare implications of forming preferential trade arrangement (PTAs) between two asymmetric countries that differ in their market sizes. Key findings are as follows. First, when market size asymmetry between two countries is not too large and ROO requirements are not too restrictive, the formation of an FTA with effective ROO can be welfare-improving to both members. Second, the formation of a PTA is more likely to emerge between countries of similar in their market sizes, ceteris paribus. Third, compared to the pre-PTA equilibrium, there are greater reductions in external tariffs under an FTA than under a CU such that a non-member country is relatively better off under the FTA. The second essay presents a three country model of trade under Bertrand price competition to analyze differences in welfare implications between an FTA with ROO and a customs union (CU). It is shown that the maximum limit of ROO requirements over which there are welfare gains from trade for FTA members depends crucially on the degree of substitutability of final goods (or the intensity of product market competition). It is also found that member countries and their final-good exporters are better off in a CU than in an FTA. There are greater reductions in external tariffs under an FTA than under a CU such that a non-member country is relatively better off under the FTA. The third essay presents a three country model of FTA with Cournot quantity competition and derives the maximum enforceable level of ROO over which there are welfare gains from trade to each member country. It is shown that ROO and external tariffs are strategic complements such that the higher is the regional input restrictions, the higher is the external tariff necessary to induce firms to fully comply with ROO requirements. It is also shown that an FTA with effective ROO has a positive effect on the final-good trade. But the trade-diverting effect does not occur in the final-good sector.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Bates, Stephen Edward, and Stephen Bates@ea gov au. "The New Regionalism: Comparing the Development of the EC Single Integrated Market, NAFTA and APEC." The Australian National University. Faculty of Arts, 1996. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20011210.141305.

Full text
Abstract:
The study of regions in international relations has been a sometime thing, gaining scholarly attention in the 1950s and 1960s, dropping largely from view in the 1970s, and returning to focus quite dramatically in the late 1980s and early 1990s. It is clear that the contemporary manifestations of regionalism (the completion of the internal market of the European Communities in 1992, Asia Pacific developments, and US-centred Western hemisphere moves) constitute a new and qualitatively different factor in both interstate relations and the international political economy. The growth in the development of regions in the 1980s also represents a new level of interstate collaboration in the international system. The question arises as to the causes of this 'new regionalism' of the 1980s, and the implications of these developments for international relations practice and theory. Investigating these issues is the main task of this thesis. ¶ This thesis involves three elements: a central contemporary element examining the re-emergence of regions in the 1980s; a second comparative element comparing the causal factors operating in three different regions; and lastly, a theoretical element examining the usefulness of current theory to the phenomenon of regionalism in the 1980s and 1990s. Chapters Two and Three discuss the relevant theoretical literature with a view to developing the propositions to be examined in the case studies. They examine three of the major streams of international relations theory - realism, liberal economics, and institutionalism - with a focus on what these contending theories have had to say about how regional groupings arise. Chapter Two looks at the relevant theoretical literature in the 1950s and 1960s while Chapter Three explores the more recent theoretical literature of the 1970s and 1980s. ¶ The rest of the body of the thesis tests propositions set out at the end of Chapter Three on the causes of the regionalist revival in the 1980s by way of three case studies, each one concerned with the actual development of regionalism in three different parts of the globe: Western Europe, North America and the Asia Pacific. ¶ In all three regions the move towards regionalism was clearly a reaction to negative developments in the international economic and political systems. It was in part a specific response to the undermining of the liberal international trading regime and the associated rise in protectionism, particularly in the US. It was also partly the result of an ideational shift in terms of economic doctrine away from keynesianism and import substitution industrialisation to economic liberalism and export-oriented economic growth. Yet it is also apparent from the case studies that the new regionalism was also to some extent the result of a kind of interactive chain reaction, a spiral of mutual anxiety, with regionalism in one area provoking an extension of regionalism in another. It is indeed difficult to establish which of these causal explanations is the principal one as it is clear from the case studies that they are in fact mutually reinforcing. ¶ The thesis concludes with an analysis of the insights provided by the case studies into the theoretical debates examined in Chapters Two and Three. Finally, there is an attempt to use these insights to construct a theory accounting for the rise of the new regionalism.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

All, William H. "The trend toward free trade areas : economic consequences and policy implications for the United States." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/24080.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Daniels, Cecily-Ann Jaqui Monique. "Regional integration in the COMESA-EAC-SADC Tripartite Free Trade Area and the importance of infrastructure development in promoting trade and reducing poverty." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6814_1373463283.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Abou-Khalil, Nassib. "A comparative study on Canadian and EC anti-dumping legislation and the compatibility of anti-dumping law with free trade areas." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26558.

Full text
Abstract:
This paper looks at how anti-dumping legislation was implemented in Canada and in the European Communities. This comparison of Canadian and EC anti-dumping law aims at examining how the Anti-Dumping Code was transposed and applied in each jurisdiction by looking at each step of an anti-dumping investigation, starting with the initiation of an investigation, the calculation of the normal value and of the export price, the determination of the dumping margin, the finding of injury, and ending with other related matters such as anti-absorption and anti-circumvention rules. Having looked at Canadian and EC anti-dumping law as such, this paper examines the compatibility of anti-dumping actions with the creation of free trade areas and the effect of anti-dumping duties on such free trade areas. It looks specifically at the EC and the NAFTA examples. Both the NAFTA and the EC treaty create, generally speaking, a free trade area, however the approach taken vis-a-vis anti-dumping duties within the free trade area is different in each case: while the EC abolished anti-dumping duties within the free trade area, these duties are maintained under the NAFTA regime.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Books on the topic "Free trade areas"

1

More free trade areas? Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics, 1989.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Ohkawa, Takao, Makoto Tawada, Makoto Okamura, and Ryoichi Nomura, eds. Regional Free Trade Areas and Strategic Trade Policies. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55621-3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Free trade areas, the European experience: What lessons for Canadian-U.S. trade liberalization? Toronto: C.D. Howe Institute, 1987.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Krishna, Kala. Implementing Free Trade Areas: Rules of origin and hidden protection. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1995.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Duttagupta, Rupa. Free trade areas and rules of origin: Economics and politics. Washington, D.C: International Monetary Fund, Research Department, 2003.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Marceau, Gabrielle. Anti-dumping and anti-trust issues in free-trade areas. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Panagariya, Arvind. A political-economy analysis of free trade areas and customs unions. Washington, DC (1818 H St., NW, Washington 20433): World Bank, Policy Research Dept., 1994.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

The economics of overlapping free trade areas and the Mexican challenge. Toronto, Ont: Canadian-American Committee, 1991.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

United Nations. Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia., ed. Free trade areas in the Arab region: Where do we go from here? New York: United Nations, 2001.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Ju, Jiandong. Market access and welfare effects of free trade areas without rules of origin. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1996.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Book chapters on the topic "Free trade areas"

1

El-Agraa, Ali M. "Customs Unions Versus Free Trade Areas." In The Theory and Measurement of International Economic Integration, 48–64. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10203-7_3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

El-Agraa, Ali M. "Customs Unions versus Free Trade Areas." In Regional Integration, 74–87. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230595866_5.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Zhang, Xiangchen. "China Builds Up Free Trade Areas to Facilitate OFDI." In From World Factory to Global Investor, 79–86. First Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315455815-8.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Koul, Autar Krishen. "Territorial Application, Frontier Traffic, Customs Unions and Free Trade Areas (Article XXIV)." In Guide to the WTO and GATT, 359–83. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2089-7_21.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Erasmus, Gerhard, and Trudi Hartzenberg. "From the Tripartite to the Continental Free Trade Areas: Designs, Outcomes and Implications for African Trade and Integration." In Netherlands Yearbook of International Law, 37–56. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-243-9_2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Dragneva, Rilka. "Chapter 8: Russia’s Agri-Food Trade Within the Eurasian Economic Union." In Palgrave Advances in Bioeconomy: Economics and Policies, 225–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77451-6_9.

Full text
Abstract:
AbstractThis chapter examines the role of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) in Russia’s agricultural food trade. The discussion focuses on four of the most important areas affecting agri-food trade, namely the food safety regime, the effects of Russia’s food import ban, the agenda for agricultural cooperation, and the external free trade agreements of the bloc. The analysis identifies the critical role of structural factors in the build-up of obstacles to trade, including the weak common regime and its inability to constrain unilateral actions at the cost of integration. The chapter concludes that despite some recognition of the issues, fundamental changes are unlikely.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Feng, Tian. "Free Trade Area in China." In Routledge Handbook of the Belt and Road, 319–22. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Routledge international handbooks: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429203039-59.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

McKinney, Joseph A. "Mexico in a North American Free Trade Area." In North American Free Trade Agreement, 134–44. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22976-5_10.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Osei-Tutu, J. Janewa. "African Union Continental Free Trade Area." In Intellectual Property Law and Access to Medicines, 111–32. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003176602-8.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Arashiro, Zuleika. "Trade Cooperation as a Policy Idea." In Negotiating the Free Trade Area of the Americas, 11–19. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230119055_2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Free trade areas"

1

Li, Jun, and Jianzhen Mou. "Reference Significance of the Institutional Innovation and Mode of the Four Coastal Free Trade Areas for Inland Areas." In 2nd International Conference on Judicial, Administrative and Humanitarian Problems of State Structures and Economic Subjects (JAHP 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/jahp-17.2017.43.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Men, Boyang. "Cost-benefit analysis of government regulation reform in transition stage of Suifenhe bonded areas to free trade zone." In 2019 International Conference on Management Science and Industrial Economy (MSIE 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/msie-19.2020.47.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Sandoz, Raphaël, James Spelling, Björn Laumert, and Torsten Fransson. "Air-Based Bottoming-Cycles for Water-Free Hybrid Solar Gas-Turbine Power Plants." In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-94308.

Full text
Abstract:
A thermoeconomic model of a novel hybrid solar gas-turbine power plant with an air-based bottoming cycle has been developed, allowing its thermodynamic, economic, and environmental performance to be analyzed. Multi-objective optimization has been performed to identify the trade-off between two conflicting objectives: minimum capital cost and minimum specific CO2 emissions. In-depth thermoeconomic analysis reveals that the additional bottoming cycle significantly reduces both the levelized cost of electricity and the environmental impact of the power plant (in terms of CO2 emissions and water consumption) when compared to a simple gas-turbine power plant without bottoming cycle. Overall, the novel concept appears to be a promising solution for sustainable power generation, especially in water-scarce areas.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Qian, Jin. "Research on the Multiple Free Trade Areas under the Background of the TPP Effect of China's Economy and the Strategy Choices." In 2017 International Conference on Education Science and Economic Management (ICESEM 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icesem-17.2017.36.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Nyamdorj, D. "РАЗВИТИЕ ПРИГРАНИЧНЫХ ТЕРРИТОРИИ ПРИ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ЗОНЫ СВОБОДНОЙ ТОРГОВЛИ." In Perspektivy social`no-ekonomicheskogo razvitiia prigranichnyh regionov 2019. Институт экономики - обособленное подразделение Федерального исследовательского центра "Карельский научный центр Российской академии наук", 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36867/br.2019.83.93.038.

Full text
Abstract:
В статье рассмотрены настоящее состояние развития приграничных территорий Росси Монголии и Китая при реализации зоны свободной торговли, а также возможности их дальнейшего развития и сотрудничества. Сформулированы рекомендации по развитию приграничных территорий Монголии с другими странами на основе принципов зеленой экономики. The article discusses the current state of development of the border territories of Russia, Mongolia and China in the implementation of the free trade zone, as well as the possibility of their further development and cooperation. Recommendations for the development of border areas of Mongolia with other countries on the basis of the principles of green economy are formulated.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Castillo, Jordan Alexander, Anil Raj, Krishna Karri, Nils Reimer, Martin Mardiros, Jason Minett, and Stephen Bohl. "Multi-Mission Icebreaker Ship Design Factors Influencing Ice Maneuverability." In SNAME Maritime Convention. SNAME, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/smc-2022-119.

Full text
Abstract:
The United States Coast Guard (USCG) is currently in the detail design phase of the PC2, multi-mission Polar Security Cutter (PSC). This paper discusses ship design factors influencing ice maneuverability considering knowledge gleaned and challenges faced throughout the PSC design process. Capability to perform maneuvers in ice are a function of many design factors which may directly or indirectly influence one another and are integral to the design spiral. Initial designation of design features which strongly affect ice maneuverability begins with a thorough understanding of the Icebreaker’s intended operations, environmental considerations, and design drivers (such as performance areas/requirements) influencing ice maneuverability. The hull form and propulsion system are the most important design features in regard to ice maneuvering capability. Early trade-off analyses and model testing give insight into various design drivers that characterize multi-mission Icebreakers (in contrast to classic Icebreaker designs). Maneuvers of interest include turning in level ice, channel breakouts, and star turns. In operation, ice maneuverability is important to free beset vessels, avoid cumbersome ice formations, and dock at piers. Channel width and edge profile generated by the Icebreaker as well as model testing conservativeness are noteworthy factors to consider for their impact on ice maneuvering.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Wang, Zhan-Ao. "China-ASEAN Free Trade Area and Service Trade." In 2010 International Conference on E-Business and E-Government (ICEE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icee.2010.735.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Hussain, Atia. "Greater Arab Free Trade Area and practical challenges." In 9th International Conference on Modern Research in Management, Economics and Accounting. Acavent, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/9th.meaconf.2019.05.1061.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Wang, Molin, Hongkun Li, Yongsong Liu, Lisheng Yang, and Yunlong Duan. "China-ASEAN Free Trade Area of E-commerce Development." In 2016 1st International Symposium on Business Cooperation and Development. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/isbcd-16.2016.73.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Liu, Yang, and Jing Cheng. "Study on the Trade Impact of Transportation Infrastructure Construction on ASEAN Free Trade Area." In Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Economic Development and Management Innovation (EDMI 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/edmi-19.2019.52.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Free trade areas"

1

Dong, Yan, and John Whalley. Carbon, Trade Policy, and Carbon Free Trade Areas. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14431.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Krishna, Kala, and Anne Krueger. Implementing Free Trade Areas: Rules of Origin and Hidden Protection. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w4983.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Bagwell, Kyle, and Robert Staiger. Multilateral Tarriff Cooperation During the Formation of Regional Free Trade Areas. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w4364.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Ju, Jiandong, and Kala Krishna. Market Access and Welfare Effects of Free Trade Areas without Rules of Origin. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5480.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Reyes Díaz, Carlos Humberto. Working Paper PUEAA No. 8. CPTPP. Legal Trends. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Programa Universitario de Estudios sobre Asia y África, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/pueaa.006r.2022.

Full text
Abstract:
Free trade areas (and customs unions) were established in a multilateral level since in Article XXIV of the GATT, and that is the legal minimum from which preferential trade agreements are now built. Some say CPTPP is part of a new generation of Free Trade Agreements because it goes deeper in the integration process. The CPTPP Agreement is a 584-page treaty, a very extensive legal instrument with 30 chapters, so when we talk about legal trends it refers to all 30 chapters at first. But it’s not the idea to explain every chapter in this text, not even just the dispute mechanisms, but the legal highlights that make the CPTPP an example of the new structure in international trade law. The CPTPP’s new chapters constitute the actual trade agenda and establish a minimum level of protection on topics not specially linked to trade, but which are now essential to talk about a new configuration of trade agreements, such as investments, intellectual property, e-commerce, among others
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Uzelac, Sarah. Incoherent at Heart: The EU’s economic and migration policies towards North Africa. Oxfam, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2020.6805.

Full text
Abstract:
Pre-pandemic, EU policies towards North Africa, especially Tunisia and Morocco, focused on two main paradigms: trade liberalization and the minimization of both regular and irregular migration. These agendas were incoherent and had overwhelmingly negative implications for the livelihoods and employment opportunities within the EU for the most vulnerable people in the Maghreb. As the coronavirus impacts continue to wreak havoc on world economies, any future negotiations on the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Areas (DCFTAs) ought to be geared towards supporting fair and inclusive recovery in North Africa based on reducing inequality and promoting shared prosperity and development.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Stansel, Dean, José Torra, Fred McMahon, and Ángel Carrión-Tavárez. Economic Freedom of North America 2022 Dataset-All Government. Fraser Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53095/88975007.

Full text
Abstract:
Dataset of the all-government index of the Economic Freedom of North America for comparison of jurisdictions (federal governments) in different countries. The Economic Freedom of North America measures the extent to which the policies of individual provinces and states are supportive of economic freedom—the ability of individuals to act in the economic sphere free of undue restrictions. The all-government index employs 10 variables for the 92 provincial/state governments in Canada, the United States, and Mexico in three areas: (1) Government Spending, (2) Taxes, and (3) Regulation. Also, we incorporate three additional areas at the federal level from Economic Freedom of the World Annual Report: (4) Legal Systems and Property Rights, (5) Sound Money, and (6) Freedom to Trade Internationally. In addition, we expand area 1 to include government investment, area 2 to include top marginal income and payroll tax rates, and area 3 to include credit market regulation and business regulations. These additions help capture restrictions on economic freedom that are difficult to measure at the provincial/state and municipal/local level.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Stansel, Dean, José Torra, Fred McMahon, and Ángel Carrión-Tavárez. Economic Freedom of North America 2022. Fraser Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53095/88975004.

Full text
Abstract:
Economic Freedom of North America measures the extent to which the policies of individual provinces and states are supportive of economic freedom—the ability of individuals to act in the economic sphere free of undue restrictions. It includes a subnational index for comparison of individual jurisdictions (provincial/state and municipal/local governments) within the same country, and an all-government index for comparison of jurisdictions (federal governments) in different countries. For the subnational index, Economic Freedom of North America employs 10 variables for the 92 provincial/state governments in Canada, the United States, and Mexico in three areas: (1) Government Spending, (2) Taxes, and (3) Regulation. In the case of the all-government index, we incorporate three additional areas at the federal level from Economic Freedom of the World Annual Report: (4) Legal Systems and Property Rights, (5) Sound Money, and (6) Freedom to Trade Internationally. In addition, we expand area 1 to include government investment, area 2 to include top marginal income and payroll tax rates, and area 3 to include credit market regulation and business regulations. These additions help capture restrictions on economic freedom that are difficult to measure at the provincial/state and municipal/local level.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Stansel, Dean, José Torra, Fred McMahon, and Ángel Carrión-Tavárez. Economic Freedom of North America 2022 Full Dataset. Fraser Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53095/88975008.

Full text
Abstract:
Full dataset of the Economic Freedom of North America that measures the extent to which the policies of individual provinces and states are supportive of economic freedom—the ability of individuals to act in the economic sphere free of undue restrictions. It includes a subnational index for comparison of individual jurisdictions (provincial/state and municipal/local governments) within the same country, and an all-government index for comparison of jurisdictions (federal governments) in different countries. For the subnational index, Economic Freedom of North America employs 10 variables for the 92 provincial/state governments in Canada, the United States, and Mexico in three areas: (1) Government Spending, (2) Taxes, and (3) Regulation. In the case of the all-government index, we incorporate three additional areas at the federal level from Economic Freedom of the World Annual Report: (4) Legal Systems and Property Rights, (5) Sound Money, and (6) Freedom to Trade Internationally. In addition, we expand area 1 to include government investment, area 2 to include top marginal income and payroll tax rates, and area 3 to include credit market regulation and business regulations. These additions help capture restrictions on economic freedom that are difficult to measure at the provincial/state and municipal/local level.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Stansel, Dean, José Torra, Fred McMahon, and Ángel Carrión-Tavárez. Economic Freedom of North America 2022-U.S. Edition. Fraser Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53095/88975005.

Full text
Abstract:
Economic Freedom of North America-U.S. Edition measures the extent to which the policies of individual provinces and states are supportive of economic freedom—the ability of individuals to act in the economic sphere free of undue restrictions. It includes a subnational index for comparison of individual jurisdictions (provincial/state and municipal/local governments) within the same country, and an all-government index for comparison of jurisdictions (federal governments) in different countries. For the subnational index, Economic Freedom of North America employs 10 variables for the 92 provincial/state governments in Canada, the United States, and Mexico in three areas: (1) Government Spending, (2) Taxes, and (3) Regulation. In the case of the all-government index, we incorporate three additional areas at the federal level from Economic Freedom of the World Annual Report: (4) Legal Systems and Property Rights, (5) Sound Money, and (6) Freedom to Trade Internationally. In addition, we expand area 1 to include government investment, area 2 to include top marginal income and payroll tax rates, and area 3 to include credit market regulation and business regulations. These additions help capture restrictions on economic freedom that are difficult to measure at the provincial/state and municipal/local level.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Free trade areas' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography