Journal articles: 'Free methods'

1

Maritz, J. S. "Distribution-Free Statistical Methods." Biometrics 52, no. 1 (March 1996): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2533182.

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Larson, Jeffrey, Matt Menickelly, and Stefan M. Wild. "Derivative-free optimization methods." Acta Numerica 28 (May 1, 2019): 287–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0962492919000060.

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In many optimization problems arising from scientific, engineering and artificial intelligence applications, objective and constraint functions are available only as the output of a black-box or simulation oracle that does not provide derivative information. Such settings necessitate the use of methods for derivative-free, or zeroth-order, optimization. We provide a review and perspectives on developments in these methods, with an emphasis on highlighting recent developments and on unifying treatment of such problems in the non-linear optimization and machine learning literature. We categorize methods based on assumed properties of the black-box functions, as well as features of the methods. We first overview the primary setting of deterministic methods applied to unconstrained, non-convex optimization problems where the objective function is defined by a deterministic black-box oracle. We then discuss developments in randomized methods, methods that assume some additional structure about the objective (including convexity, separability and general non-smooth compositions), methods for problems where the output of the black-box oracle is stochastic, and methods for handling different types of constraints.

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3

Brooks, Stephen, and J. S. Maritz. "Distribution-Free Statistical Methods." Statistician 45, no. 1 (1996): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2348428.

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4

Knott, Martin, and J. S. Maritz. "Distribution-Free Statistical Methods." Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A (Statistics in Society) 159, no. 2 (1996): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2983190.

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5

Belytschko, T., Y. Y. Lu, and L. Gu. "Element-free Galerkin methods." International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 37, no. 2 (January 30, 1994): 229–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620370205.

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6

Khattri, S. K., and R. P. Agarwal. "Derivative-Free Optimal Iterative Methods." Computational Methods in Applied Mathematics 10, no. 4 (2010): 368–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cmam-2010-0022.

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AbstractIn this study, we develop an optimal family of derivative-free iterative methods. Convergence analysis shows that the methods are fourth order convergent, which is also verified numerically. The methods require three functional evaluations during each iteration. Though the methods are independent of derivatives, computa- tional results demonstrate that the family of methods are efficient and demonstrate equal or better performance as compared with many well-known methods and the clas- sical Newton method. Through optimization we derive an optimal value for the free parameter and implement it adaptively, which enhances the convergence order without increasing functional evaluations.

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7

Andrews, Peter, and Sylvia Hixson. "Taxon-Free Methods of Palaeoecology." Annales Zoologici Fennici 51, no. 1-2 (April 2014): 269–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5735/086.051.0225.

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8

Geogheghan, Katherine. "Medal for metal-free methods." Nature Chemistry 13, no. 12 (November 22, 2021): 1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41557-021-00851-7.

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9

Celledoni, Elena, Arne Marthinsen, and Brynjulf Owren. "Commutator-free Lie group methods." Future Generation Computer Systems 19, no. 3 (April 2003): 341–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-739x(02)00161-9.

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10

Wilkins, T. A. "FREE THYROXINE ASSAYS: ANALOGUE METHODS." Lancet 326, no. 8460 (October 1985): 884. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(85)90143-6.

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11

Arizmendi, Octavio, Pierre Tarrago, and Carlos Vargas. "Subordination methods for free deconvolution." Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincaré, Probabilités et Statistiques 56, no. 4 (November 2020): 2565–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/20-aihp1050.

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12

Conover, W. J. "Distribution‐free methods in statistics." Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Computational Statistics 1, no. 2 (June 23, 2009): 199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wics.28.

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13

Gao, Bo, and Anthony F. Starace. "Numerical methods for free–free radiative transition matrix elements." Computers in Physics 1, no. 1 (1987): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.168291.

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Gao, Bo, and Anthony F. Starace. "Numerical methods for free—free radiative transition matrix elements." Computers in Physics 1, no. 1 (November 1987): 70–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4903436.

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Increasing interest in multiphoton absorption processes above the ionization threshold has led theorists to reexamine numerical techniques for calculating radiative transition matrix elements between states of a continuum electron moving at large radial distances in the field of an atom or an ion. Here it is shown that accurate free—free radial matrix elements may be obtained using the usual dipole length formula by means of a rotation at finite distance in the complex coordinate plane together with solution of the free-electron wave function's phase and amplitude at finite distance in the complex coordinate plane. The procedure is designed for use with numerically calculated wave functions for many electron atoms and ions. It avoids the use of analytic asymptotic formulas as well as transformation to the dipole acceleration formula and is accurate even for matrix elements between electron stales that are close in energy, which is the case for which the alternative integration-by-parts method is inaccurate. We present comparisons of our numerical procedure with both analytic results and results of the integration-by-parts procedure for the case of free—free electron transitions in a pure Coulomb field.

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15

Palsanawala, Vimalkumar P. "A Study on Mesh Free Methods: A Different Form of FEM." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-5 (August 31, 2018): 2354–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd18314.

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16

Hengen, P. "Methods and reagents Is RNase-free really RNase for free?" Trends in Biochemical Sciences 21, no. 3 (March 1996): 112–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0968-0004(96)30010-8.

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17

ARGYROS, IOANNIS K., and SANTHOSH GEORGE. "Convergence of derivative free iterative methods." Creative Mathematics and Informatics 28, no. 1 (2019): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37193/cmi.2019.01.03.

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We present the local as well as the semi-local convergence of some iterative methods free of derivatives for Banach space valued operators. These methods contain the secant and the Kurchatov method as special cases. The convergence is based on weak hypotheses specializing to Lipschitz continuous or Holder continuous hypotheses. The results are of theoretical and practical interest. In particular the method is compared favorably ¨ to other methods using concrete numerical examples to solve systems of equations containing a nondifferentiable term.

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18

Simpson, Reckonel. "Research Methods Cannot Be Value Free." Journal of Education 5, no. 2 (August 18, 2022): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.53819/81018102t2088.

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19

S., L. R., and P. Neittaanmaki. "Numerical Methods for Free Boundary Problems." Mathematics of Computation 63, no. 207 (July 1994): 426. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2153589.

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20

WU, Peng, Fu-Chu HE, and Ying JIANG. "Label-free Methods in Quantitative Proteomics." Acta Agronomica Sinica 40, no. 3 (2013): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1206.2012.00055.

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21

Olenev, Valentin, and Alexandr Karandashev. "Configuring Methods for Deadlock-Free Routing." International Journal of Embedded and Real-Time Communication Systems 13, no. 1 (January 2022): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijertcs.289199.

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This paper discusses the problem of tracking of deadlock-free routes. A brief overview of existing software tools providing this functionality is given. A complete overview of the proposed software for building routes for given SpaceWire onboard networks is presented. The paper discusses the application of different existing methods for the choosing of the best route from the list of the deadlock-free routes. A brief overview of the methods for of choosing the best route according to the provided criteria is given. A new method for choosing of the best route and its modification is proposed. Authors provide the result of the methods application and the detailed comparison.

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22

Clopper, Cynthia G. "Auditory free classification: Methods and analysis." Behavior Research Methods 40, no. 2 (May 2008): 575–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/brm.40.2.575.

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23

Cossins, Benjamin P., Sebastien Foucher, Colin M. Edge, and Jonathan W. Essex. "Assessment of Nonequilibrium Free Energy Methods." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 113, no. 16 (April 23, 2009): 5508–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp803532z.

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24

CHEN, Changjun, Yanzhao HUANG, and Yi XIAO. "Free Energy Calculation Methods of Biomolecules." ACTA BIOPHYSICA SINICA 27, no. 5 (August 3, 2011): 395–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1260.2011.00395.

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25

Gao, Shanshan, Diem-Trang Pham, and Vinhthuy Phan. "Alignment-free methods for metagenomic profiling." BMC Bioinformatics 16, Suppl 15 (2015): P4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-16-s15-p4.

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26

Oversteegen, S. M., and R. Roth. "General methods for free-volume theory." Journal of Chemical Physics 122, no. 21 (June 2005): 214502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1908765.

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27

Petrescu, Florian Ion Tiberiu, and Relly Victoria Virgil Petrescu. "Two methods to create free energy." Independent Journal of Management & Production 11, no. 6 (October 1, 2020): 1846. http://dx.doi.org/10.14807/ijmp.v11i6.992.

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Today, the best way to get free energy is nuclear, through fission, and hopefully soon through fusion. The best way to get clean and friendly energy in a sustainable way remains the start of the nuclear fusion reaction at an industrial scale. Nuclear fusion is the combination of two light nuclei in a heavier nucleus. Fusion or thermonuclear reaction of light elements are typical reactions that occur in the Sun and other stars. Indeed, in the Sun, every second, 657 million tons of hydrogen are converted into 653 million tons of helium. The 4 million tonnes missing are then converted to radiation - this phenomenon assuring the sun's shine. A fusion reaction in which a relatively large amount of energy (27.7 MeV) is released is one in which four protons interact leading to the formation of a helium nucleus (an alpha particle). The paper proposes two modern methods of obtaining free energy, one of which is somewhat strange, the capillarity. Until one of the two new ideas proposed, the first for the start of the nuclear fusion reaction, and the second one for the possible construction of capillary power plants in the future, it is still necessary to keep the green energy of any type already existing and nuclear fission.

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28

Kofke, David A. "Free energy methods in molecular simulation." Fluid Phase Equilibria 228-229 (February 2005): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2004.09.017.

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29

Addison, J. A., S. D. Howison, and J. R. King. "Ray methods for free boundary problems." Quarterly of Applied Mathematics 64, no. 1 (January 24, 2006): 41–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/s0033-569x-06-00993-4.

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30

Chan, Y. T., and S. Banerjee. "Vortex Methods for Free Interface Problems." Nuclear Science and Engineering 93, no. 1 (May 1986): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/nse83-a17417.

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31

Sutton, A. P., A. Hairie, F. Hairie, B. Lebouvier, G. Nouet, E. Paumier, and N. Ralantoson. "Methods of minimizing free energies directly." Journal of Phase Equilibria 18, no. 6 (December 1997): 544–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02665808.

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32

Khattri. "Third Order Derivative Free Halley Methods." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mathematics 3, no. 3 (August 1, 2011): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5373/jaram.836.031411.

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33

Shaw, Amit, and D. Roy. "NURBS-based parametric mesh-free methods." Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 197, no. 17-18 (March 2008): 1541–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2007.11.024.

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34

Rogers, Stephen G. "Free DNA methods for plant transformation." Current Opinion in Biotechnology 2, no. 2 (April 1991): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0958-1669(91)90003-n.

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35

Herrera, Ismael, and Robert A. Yates. "The multipliers-free domain decomposition methods." Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations 26, no. 4 (April 23, 2009): 874–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/num.20462.

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36

Knight, Jennifer L., and Charles L. Brooks. "λ-Dynamics free energy simulation methods." Journal of Computational Chemistry 30, no. 11 (August 2009): 1692–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcc.21295.

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37

Maheshwari, Amit Kumar. "A Derivative Free Hybrid Equation Solver by Alloying of the Conventional Methods." Mathematical Journal of Interdisciplinary Sciences 1, no. 2 (March 2, 2013): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/mjis.2013.12009.

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38

IMAYASU, Shinya, Matthias ROTHLIN, Mansur AKBARI, Nikolas SCHAAL, and Konrad WEGENER. "0612 Predicting the Springback of Metal Cutting Operations Using Mesh Free Methods." Proceedings of International Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing in 21st century : LEM21 2015.8 (2015): _0612–1_—_0612–4_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmelem.2015.8._0612-1_.

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39

Hanada, Kazutoshi, Masao Inose, Sakae Sato, Keiji Watanabe, and Kyoko Fujimoto. "Development of Analytical Methods for Free-MgO in Steelmaking Slag." Tetsu-to-Hagane 102, no. 1 (2016): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane.tetsu-2015-064.

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40

Domińczuk, Jacek, and Anna Krawczuk. "Comparison of Surface Free Energy Calculation Methods." Applied Mechanics and Materials 791 (September 2015): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.791.259.

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The paper presents the main methods of surface free energy calculation of solids based on the contact angle measurement. The basic of splitting the surface free energy into components as well as interactions at the solid-liquid boundary phase considered while developing calculation models were presented. Basing on test results of surface free energy of 0H18N9T stainless steel, the relation between the method of surface preparation and the surface free energy were shown. The analysis focuses on change of the polar part. Differences between methods were indicated and it was pointed that skipping the polar component in analysis of adhesive joints strength results in deterioration of prediction model.

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41

Rolfes, I., and B. Schiek. "Calibration methods for microwave free space measurements." Advances in Radio Science 2 (May 27, 2005): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-2-19-2004.

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Abstract. In this article calibration methods for the precise, contact-less measurement of the permittivity, permeability or humidity of materials are presented. The free space measurement system principally consists of a pair of focusing horn-lens antennas connected to the ports of a vector network analyzer. Based on the measured scattering parameters, the dielectric material parameters are calculable. Due to systematic errors as e.g. transmission losses of the cables or mismatches of the antennas, a calibration of the measurement setup is necessary. For this purpose calibration methods with calibration standards of equal mechanical lengths are presented. They have the advantage, that the measurement setup can be kept in a fixed position, for example no displacement of the antennas is needed. The presented self-calibration methods have in common that the calibration structures consist of a so-called obstacle network which can be partly unknown. The obstacle can either be realized as a transmissive or a reflective network depending on the chosen method. An increase of the frequency bandwidth is achievable with the reflective realization. The theory of the calibration methods and some experimental results will be presented.

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42

Gefen, Avitan, and Ronen Brafman. "Pruning Methods for Optimal Delete-Free Planning." Proceedings of the International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling 22 (May 14, 2012): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icaps.v22i1.13522.

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Delete-free planning underlies many popular relaxation (h+) based heuristics used in state-of-the-art planners; it provides a simpler setting for exploring new pruning methods and other ideas; and a number of interesting recent planning domains are naturally delete-free. In this paper we explore new pruning methods for planning in delete-free planning domains. First, we observe that optimal delete-free plans can be composed from contiguous sub-plans that focus on one fact landmark at a time. Thus, instead of attempting to achieve the goal, the planner can focus on more easily achievable landmarks at each stage. Then, we suggest a number of complementary pruning techniques that are made more powerful with this observation. To carry out these pruning techniques efficiently, we make heavy use of an And/Or graph depicting the planning problem. We empirically evaluate these ideas using the FD framework, and show that they lead to clear improvements.

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43

Shaukat, Sundus, Kashif Ayyub, Wasif Nisar, Mudassar Raza, and Tariq Umer. "Ambiguity Detection Methods in Context Free Grammar." Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology 7, no. 22 (June 10, 2014): 4652–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.19026/rjaset.7.847.

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44

İnkaya, Tülin. "Parameter-free surrounding neighborhood based regression methods." Expert Systems with Applications 199 (August 2022): 116881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2022.116881.

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45

Chen, Yaojia, Yuxin Gong, Lijun Dou, Xun Zhou, and Ying Zhang. "Bioinformatics analysis methods for cell-free DNA." Computers in Biology and Medicine 143 (April 2022): 105283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105283.

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46

Oyarzúa, Ricardo, and Ricardo Ruiz-Baier. "Locking-Free Finite Element Methods for Poroelasticity." SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis 54, no. 5 (January 2016): 2951–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/15m1050082.

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47

Migallón, Héctor, Akram Belazi, José-Luis Sánchez-Romero, Héctor Rico, and Antonio Jimeno-Morenilla. "Settings-Free Hybrid Metaheuristic General Optimization Methods." Mathematics 8, no. 7 (July 3, 2020): 1092. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8071092.

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Several population-based metaheuristic optimization algorithms have been proposed in the last decades, none of which are able either to outperform all existing algorithms or to solve all optimization problems according to the No Free Lunch (NFL) theorem. Many of these algorithms behave effectively, under a correct setting of the control parameter(s), when solving different engineering problems. The optimization behavior of these algorithms is boosted by applying various strategies, which include the hybridization technique and the use of chaotic maps instead of the pseudo-random number generators (PRNGs). The hybrid algorithms are suitable for a large number of engineering applications in which they behave more effectively than the thoroughbred optimization algorithms. However, they increase the difficulty of correctly setting control parameters, and sometimes they are designed to solve particular problems. This paper presents three hybridizations dubbed HYBPOP, HYBSUBPOP, and HYBIND of up to seven algorithms free of control parameters. Each hybrid proposal uses a different strategy to switch the algorithm charged with generating each new individual. These algorithms are Jaya, sine cosine algorithm (SCA), Rao’s algorithms, teaching-learning-based optimization (TLBO), and chaotic Jaya. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithms perform better than the original algorithms, which implies the optimal use of these algorithms according to the problem to be solved. One more advantage of the hybrid algorithms is that no prior process of control parameter tuning is needed.

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48

Nasri, Ahmad H. "Polyhedral subdivision methods for free-form surfaces." ACM Transactions on Graphics 6, no. 1 (January 1987): 29–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/27625.27628.

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49

Khattri, Sanjay Kumar, and Torgrim Log. "Constructing third-order derivative-free iterative methods." International Journal of Computer Mathematics 88, no. 7 (May 2011): 1509–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207160.2010.520705.

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50

Rowlands, Gareth J. "Synthetic methods : Part (i) Free-radical reactions." Annual Reports Section "B" (Organic Chemistry) 102 (2006): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b515104j.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Free methods'

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