Relevant bibliographies by topics / Free Boundary Value Problem

Academic literature on the topic 'Free Boundary Value Problem'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Free Boundary Value Problem"

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Заика, Юрий Васильевич, Наталья Ивановна Родченкова, Yury Zaika, and Natalia Rodchenkova. "Boundary-value problem with free boundary: zirconium alloy hydrogenation." Proceedings of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, no. 08 (September 1, 2016): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17076/mat392.

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Fazio, R. "A nonlinear hyperbolic free boundary value problem." Acta Mechanica 81, no. 3-4 (September 1990): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01176989.

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Fazio, R. "The Blasius problem formulated as a free boundary value problem." Acta Mechanica 95, no. 1-4 (March 1992): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01170800.

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Bauer, Florian, Daniela Kraus, Oliver Roth, and Elias Wegert. "Beurling’s free boundary value problem in conformal geometry." Israel Journal of Mathematics 180, no. 1 (October 31, 2010): 223–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11856-010-0102-1.

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Ariel, P. D. "Stagnation point flow—a free boundary value problem formulation." International Journal of Computer Mathematics 49, no. 1-2 (January 1993): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207169308804222.

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Ben Amar, Martine. "Void electromigration as a moving free-boundary value problem." Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena 134, no. 2 (October 1999): 275–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2789(99)00110-4.

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Bohé, Adriana. "Free Layers in a Singularly Perturbed Boundary Value Problem." SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis 21, no. 5 (September 1990): 1264–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/0521070.

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Li, Qingguo, and Shahram Payandeh. "Planning Velocities of Free Sliding Objects as a Free Boundary Value Problem." International Journal of Robotics Research 23, no. 1 (January 2004): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0278364904036094.

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Lee, Donghyun. "Initial value problem for the free-boundary magnetohydrodynamics with zero magnetic boundary condition." Communications in Mathematical Sciences 16, no. 3 (2018): 589–615. http://dx.doi.org/10.4310/cms.2018.v16.n3.a1.

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Gröger, K., and N. Strecker. "A Free Boundary Value Problem Modeling Thermal Oxidation of Silicon." Zeitschrift für Analysis und ihre Anwendungen 7, no. 1 (1988): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4171/zaa/282.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Free Boundary Value Problem"

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Stamic̆ar, Robert Nikola. "A free boundary problem modelling zoning in rocks /." *McMaster only, 1998.

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Gillies, Bruce. "The double free boundary value problem of laser welding of thin sheets at medium speeds." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1205.

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Moyo, Simiso. "Hydrodynamic interaction of horizontal circular cylinders with a free-surface." Thesis, Brunel University, 1996. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5313.

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The two-dimensional problem of hydrodynamic interaction of the horizontal circular cylinders with a free-surface is investigated both analytically and numerically. The fully nonlinear initial boundary-value problem is described and a numerical solution for it is presented. The free motion of a cylinder rising towards, or moving away from the free-surface or moving horizontally is studied. The numerical calculations are compared with a simple analytic theory in which we take the low- and high-frequency limit of the added mass, and the constant added mass of the submerged cylinder in the coefficients of the equation of motion. Further numerical calculations of an initially displaced, spring-loaded cylinder undergoing slow motions are compared with a simple analytic theory in which we also take the low-frequency limit of the added mass of the submerged cylinder. The aim is to provide a useful approximate method for simulation of various offshore operations. Fully nonlinear calculations of the free-surface deformations of the initially calm water caused by forced constant velocity motion of a totally submerged circular cylinder are compared with small-time asymptotics due to Tyvand & Miloh (1995). Their analytic results, which are taken to third order5 when gravity terms first appear in the expansion, are in excellent agreement with the numerical calculations for small times, beyond which only the numerical method will give accurate results, valid until the free-surface breaks. The breaking of the surface as a result of vertical downward motion is further investigated with the aim of establishing when and how this happens, since the phenomena causes the breakdown of the numerical calculations. The free motion of a cylinder entering a free-surface, initially half-submerged in calm water and having specific gravity of 1.2 is also investigated. This motion is pursued beyond the complete submergence stage, giving rise to interesting free-surface deformations and body dynamics. This study is complemented by a further investigation involving impulsively started and forced constant motion of a cylinder entering a free-surface at various angles and Froude numbers, and is also taken beyond the complete engulfment stage. Hydrodynamic forces on the cylinder obtained for various angles at the same Froude number are compared. Also, the hydrodynamic forces for the motion in the same direction at various Froude numbers are compared.
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Fernando, Chathuri [Verfasser]. "Optimal Control of Free Boundary Value Problems in Thermoelasticity / Chathuri Fernando." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1164294075/34.

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Womble, David Eugene. "The convergence of the method of lines for time dependent free boundary problems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29154.

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Rodolfo, Karl. "A Comparative Study of American Option Valuation and Computation." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2063.

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For many practitioners and market participants, the valuation of financial derivatives is considered of very high importance as its uses range from a risk management tool, to a speculative investment strategy or capital enhancement. A developing market requires efficient but accurate methods for valuing financial derivatives such as American options. A closed form analytical solution for American options has been very difficult to obtain due to the different boundary conditions imposed on the valuation problem. Following the method of solving the American option as a free boundary problem in the spirit of the "no-arbitrage" pricing framework of Black-Scholes, the option price and hedging parameters can be represented as an integral equation consisting of the European option value and an early exercise value dependent upon the optimal free boundary. Such methods exist in the literature and along with risk-neutral pricing methods have been implemented in practice. Yet existing methods are accurate but inefficient, or accuracy has been compensated for computational speed. A new numerical approach to the valuation of American options by cubic splines is proposed which is proven to be accurate and efficient when compared to existing option pricing methods. Further comparison is made to the behaviour of the American option's early exercise boundary with other pricing models.
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Rodolfo, Karl. "A Comparative Study of American Option Valuation and Computation." Science. School of Mathematics and Statistics, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2063.

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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
For many practitioners and market participants, the valuation of financial derivatives is considered of very high importance as its uses range from a risk management tool, to a speculative investment strategy or capital enhancement. A developing market requires efficient but accurate methods for valuing financial derivatives such as American options. A closed form analytical solution for American options has been very difficult to obtain due to the different boundary conditions imposed on the valuation problem. Following the method of solving the American option as a free boundary problem in the spirit of the "no-arbitrage" pricing framework of Black-Scholes, the option price and hedging parameters can be represented as an integral equation consisting of the European option value and an early exercise value dependent upon the optimal free boundary. Such methods exist in the literature and along with risk-neutral pricing methods have been implemented in practice. Yet existing methods are accurate but inefficient, or accuracy has been compensated for computational speed. A new numerical approach to the valuation of American options by cubic splines is proposed which is proven to be accurate and efficient when compared to existing option pricing methods. Further comparison is made to the behaviour of the American option's early exercise boundary with other pricing models.
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Bales, Walter. "Asymptotic approximation of the free boundary for the American put near expiry." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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Scheichl, Robert. "Iterative solution of saddle point problems using divergence-free finite elements with applications to groundwater flow." Thesis, University of Bath, 2000. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341106.

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Silverberg, Jon P. "On Lagrangian meshless methods in free-surface flows." Thesis, (1.7 MB), 2005. http://edocs.nps.edu/AR/topic/theses/2005/Jan/05Jan_Silverberg.pdf.

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Thesis (Master of Engineering in Ocean Engineering)--University of California at Berkeley, 2004.
"January 2005." Description based on title screen as viewed on May 25, 2010. DTIC Descriptor(s): Fluid Dynamics, Lagrangian Functions, Equations Of Motion, Acceleration, Formulations, Grids, Continuum Mechanics, Gaussian Quadrature, Derivatives (Mathematics), Compact Disks, Boundary Value Problems, Polynomials, Interpolation, Pressure, Operators (Mathematics). DTIC Identifier(s): Multimedia (CD-Rom), Moving Grids, Meshless Discretization, Lifs (Lagrange Implicit Fraction Step), Lagrangian Dynamics, Meshless Operators, Mlip (Multidimensional Lagrange Interpolating Polynomials), Flux Boundary Conditions, Radial Basis Functions Includes bibliographical references (58-59).
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Books on the topic "Free Boundary Value Problem"

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Hoffmann, K. H., and J. Sprekels, eds. Free Boundary Value Problems. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7301-7.

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Free and moving boundary problems. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Clarendon Press, 1987.

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1949-, Toland John F., ed. Bernoulli free-boundary problems. Providence, R.I: American Mathematical Society, 2008.

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-H, Hoffmann K., Sprekels J, and Symposium on "Free Boundary Problems: Theory & Applications" (1987 : Schwäbisches Bildungszentrum Irsee), eds. Free boundary problems: Theory and applications. Harlow, Essex, England: Longman Scientific & Technical, 1990.

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Friedman, Avner. Variational principles and free-boundary problems. Malabar, Fla: R.E. Krieger Pub. Co., 1988.

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Friedman, Avner. Variational principles and free-boundary problems. Mineola, N.Y: Dover Publications, 2010.

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Variational principles and free-boundary problems. Mineola, N.Y: Dover Publications, 2010.

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N, Figueiredo Isabel, Rodrigues José-Francisco, Santos Lisa, and FBP 2005 (2005 : Coimbra, Portugal), eds. Free boundary problems: Theory and applications. Basel: Birkhäuser, 2007.

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Crank, J. Free and moving boundary problems. Oxford: Clarendon, 1987.

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S, Salsa, ed. A geometric approach to free boundary problems. Providence, R.I: American Mathematical Society, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Free Boundary Value Problem"

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Haslinger, J., and P. Neittaanmäki. "On One Identification Problem in Linear Elasticity." In Free Boundary Value Problems, 66–84. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7301-7_6.

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Dewynne, J. N., S. D. Howison, and John R. Ockendon. "The Numerical Solution of a Continuous Casting Problem." In Free Boundary Value Problems, 36–45. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7301-7_3.

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Rodrigues, José Francisco. "On a Steady-State Two-Phase Stefan Problem with Extraction." In Free Boundary Value Problems, 229–40. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7301-7_14.

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Kawohl, Bernhard. "Regularity, Uniqueness and Numerical Experiments for a Relaxed Optimal Design Problem." In Free Boundary Value Problems, 85–100. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7301-7_7.

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Mittelmann, Hans D. "Computing Stability Bounds for Thermocapillary Convection in a Crystal-Growth Free Boundary Problem." In Free Boundary Value Problems, 165–80. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7301-7_11.

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Galiano, Gonzalo, and Julián Velasco. "A Dynamic Boundary Value Problem Arising in the Ecology of Mangroves." In Free Boundary Problems, 179–88. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-7719-9_18.

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Alt, Hans Wilhelm, and Irena Pawlow. "Dynamics of Non-Isothermal Phase Separation." In Free Boundary Value Problems, 1–26. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7301-7_1.

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Meyer, Gunter H. "Numerical Solution of Diffusion Problems with Non-Local Free Boundary Conditions." In Free Boundary Value Problems, 153–64. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7301-7_10.

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Nochetto, R. H., M. Paolini, and C. Verdi. "Selfadaptive Mesh Modification for Parabolic FBPs: Theory and Computation." In Free Boundary Value Problems, 181–206. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7301-7_12.

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Panagiotopoulos, P. D. "Optimal Control of Systems Governed by Hemivariational Inequalities. Necessary Conditions." In Free Boundary Value Problems, 207–28. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7301-7_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Free Boundary Value Problem"

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Rai, K. N., and D. C. Rai. "A Finite Element Method for the Solution of Free Boundary Problem." In ASME 2004 Heat Transfer/Fluids Engineering Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht-fed2004-56777.

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A finite element method is presented for the solution of a free boundary problem which arises during planar melting of a semi-infinite medium initially at a temperature which is slightly below the melting temperature of the solid. The surface temperature is assumed to vary with time. Two different situations are considered (I) when thermal diffusivity is independent of temperature and (II) when thermal diffusivity varies linearly with temperature. The differential equation governing the process is converted to initial value problem of vector matrix form. The time function is approximated by Chebyshev series and the operational matrix of integration is applied, a linear differential equation can be represented by a set of linear algebraic equations and a nonlinear differential equation can be represented by a set of nonlinear algebraic equations. The solution of the problem is then found in terms of Chebyshev polynomial of second kind. The solution of this initial value problem is utilized iteratively in the interface heat flux equation to determine interface location as well as the temperature in two regions. The method appears to be accurate in cases for which closed form solutions are available, it agrees well with them. The effect of several parameters on the melting are analysed and discussed.
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Venkataraman, P. "Continuous Solution for Boundary Value Problems on Non Rectangular Geometry." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-12269.

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Boundary value problems on a rectangular domain can also be solved through non domain discretization techniques. These methods yield high order continuous solutions. One such method, based on Bézier functions and developed by the author, can solve linear, nonlinear, ordinary, partial, single, or coupled systems of differential equations, using the same consistent approach. In this paper the technique is extended to non-rectangular domains. This provides a mesh free alternate to the family of finite element or finite difference methods that are currently used to solve these problems. The problem requires no transformation and the setup is direct and simple. The solution is established by minimizing the error in the residuals of the differential equations and the error in the boundary conditions over the domain. In addition, the high order continuous solution is available in polynomial form. The solution is obtained through the application of standard unconstrained optimization. Three examples are discussed. The first example is Poisson’s equation in a circular region. The second is the solution to the Laplace equation over a five sided domain with one of the sides circular. The third example is a simple nonlinear extension of the differential equation in the second example. Directly accommodating a nonlinear boundary value problem, without any change, is the strength of this approach. Solutions are compared with ones from finite elements analysis where available. This approach can provide continuous solution to problems where previously only discontinuous solutions were available.
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Caruntu, Dumitru I. "Exact Solutions for Transverse Vibrations of Beams and Plates of Parabolic Thickness Variation." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-61204.

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This paper presents the class of nonuniform beams and nonuniform axisymmetrical circular plates whose boundary value problems of free transverse vibrations and free transverse axisymmetrical vibrations, respectively, have been identified to be eigenvalue singular problems of orthogonal polynomials. Recent published results regarding a fourth order differential equation and eigenvalue singular problem of classical orthogonal polynomials allowed this study, which extends the class of nonuniform beams and circular nonuniform plates having exact solutions for the problem of free transverse vibrations. The geometry of the elements belonging to the class presented in this paper consists of beams convex parabolic thickness variation and polynomial width variation with the axial coordinate, and plates of convex parabolic thickness variation with the radius. Two boundary value problems of transverse vibrations of beams are reported: 1) complete beam (sharp at either end) with free-free boundary conditions, and 2) half-beam, i.e. a half of the symmetric complete beam, with the large end hinged and sharp end free. The boundary value problem of circular complete plate (zero thickness at zero and outer radii) with free-free boundary conditions has been also reported. For all these boundary value problems the exact mode shapes were Jacobi polynomials and the exact dimensionless natural frequencies were found from the eigenvalues of the eigenvalue singular problems of orthogonal polynomials.
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Zarubinska, Mariya A., and W. T. van Horssen. "Aspects of Osillations of Beams and Plates." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-84969.

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In this paper some initial boundary value problems for beam and plate equations will be studied. These initial boundary values problems can be regarded as simple models describing free oscillations of plates on elastic foundations or describing coupled torsional and vertical oscillations of a beam. An approximation for the solution of the initial-boundary value problem will be constructed by using a two-timescales perturbation method. For the plate on an elastic foundation it turns out that complicated internal resonances can occur for specific parameter values.
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Venkataraman, P. "B-Spline Based Free Form Solutions of Nonlinear Systems." In ASME 2004 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2004-57672.

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B-spline parametric curves provide alternative solutions to multipoint nonlinear systems. They solve the problem with less effort than traditional numerical techniques. The new approach demonstrated in this paper is natural and direct. It uses the least squared error technique to identify curves that satisfy the differential relations and boundary conditions. No state space integration is required. No Euler-Lagrange relations are to be satisfied and the Hamiltonian principle is not necessary. In addition, the solution can have properties that are currently not investigated or encouraged. This solution can also be analytically described. The problem set up is simple and is uniform over different classes of problems. The casual nature of problem definition and set up are demonstrated through three examples of increasing complexity: (i) Blassius two-point boundary-value problem (fluids); (ii) Brachistochrone problem (calculus of variation); and (iii) Planar trajectory interception problem (optimal control).
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Gupta, Yogesh. "Numerical solution of system of boundary value problems using B-spline with free parameter." In MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES AND ITS APPLICATIONS. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4973256.

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Skeel, Robert D., Theodore E. Simos, George Psihoyios, and Ch Tsitouras. "Two-Point Boundary Value Problems for Curves: The Case of Minimum Free Energy Paths." In NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS: International Conference on Numerical Analysis and Applied Mathematics 2009: Volume 1 and Volume 2. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3241454.

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Bock, Igor. "On the Dynamic Contact Problem for a Viscoelastic Plate." In ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-24130.

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We deal with an initial-boundary value problem describing the perpendicular vibrations of an anisotropic viscoelastic plate free on its boundary and with a rigid inner obstacle. A weak formulation of the problem is in the form of the hyperbolic variational inequality. We solve the problem using the discretizing the time variable. The elliptic variational inequalities for every time level are uniquely solved. We derive the a priori estimates and the convergence of the sequence of segment line functions to a variational solution of the considered problem.
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Ahmad, Muhammad Jalil, and Korhan Günel. "Numerical Solution of Dirichlet Boundary Value Problems using Mesh Adaptive Direct Search Optimization." In International Students Science Congress. Izmir International Guest Student Association, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52460/issc.2021.030.

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This study gives a different numerical approach for solving second order differential equation with a Dirichlet boundary condition. Mesh Adaptive Direct Search (MADS) algorithm is adopted to train the feed forward neural network used in this approach. As MADS is a derivative-free optimization algorithm, it helps us to reduce the time-consuming workload in the training stage. The results obtained from this approach are also compared with Generalized Pattern Search (GPS) algorithm.
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Bai, K. J., J. H. Kyoung, and J. W. Kim. "Numerical Computations for a Nonlinear Free Surface Problem in Shallow Water." In ASME 2002 21st International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2002-28463.

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This paper describes a finite element method applied to a nonlinear free surface flow problem for a ship moving in three dimensions. The physical model is taken to simulate the towing tank experimental conditions. The exact nonlinear free-surface flow problem formulated by an initial/boundary value problem is replaced by an equivalent weak formulation. The same problem was considered earlier by Bai, et. al. [1] where some irregularities were observed in the downstream waves and a transom stern ship geometry could not be treated. In the present paper, specifically, three improvements are made from the earlier work. The first improvement is the introduction of the 5-point Chebyshev filtering scheme which eliminates the irregular and saw-toothed waves in the downstream. The second improvement is that now we can treat a transom stern ship geometry. The third improvement is the introduction of a new boundary condition to simulate a dry bottom behind a transom stern ship which is stretched from the free surface to the bottom at a high Froude number. Computations are made for two models. The first model is tested for the generation of the solitons in the upstream and smooth waves in the downstream. The second model is used to compute the generation of a dry bottom behind a transom stern which is one of highly nonlinear phenomena. The results of the first model show a good agreement with previous results for the generation of the solitons. The results of the second model also show a good agreement with the preliminary experimental observation for a dry-bottom, which will be reported in near future. The numerical simulation of the second model can be applied to the local flow behind a sail of a submarine in cruise, a sloshing problem in LNG tankers, and a dam breaking problem. Both computed models are assumed to be in shallow water for simplicity. However, the present numerical method can treat arbitrary water-depth and practical ship geometries.
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Reports on the topic "Free Boundary Value Problem"

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Atkinson, F. V., H. G. Kaper, and Man Kam Kwong. Asymptotics of a free boundary problem. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10172528.

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Menken, Hamza. On the Inverse Problem of the Scattering Theory Fora Boundary-Value Problem. GIQ, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/giq-7-2006-226-236.

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Kunisch, K., and L. W. White. Identifiability under Approximation for an Elliptic Boundary Value Problem. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada158542.

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Ferguson, Warren E., and Jr. Analysis of a Singularly-Perturbed Linear Two-Point Boundary-Value Problem. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada172582.

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Bather, John, and Herman Chernoff. Bounds and Asymptotic Expansions for Solutions of the Free Boundary Problems Related to Sequential Decision Versions of a Bioequivalence Problem. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada273551.

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Stepanyuk, Alla V., Liudmyla P. Mironets, Tetiana M. Olendr, Ivan M. Tsidylo, and Oksana B. Stoliar. Methodology of using mobile Internet devices in the process of biology school course studying. [б. в.], July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3887.

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This paper considers the problem of using mobile Internet devices in the process of biology studying in secondary schools. It has been examined how well the scientific problem is developed in pedagogical theory and educational practice. The methodology of using mobile Internet devices in the process of biology studying in a basic school, which involves the use of the Play Market server applications, Smart technologies and a website, has been created. After the analyses of the Play Market server content, there have been found several free of charge applications, which can be used while studying biology in a basic school. Among them are the following: Anatomy 4D, Animal 4D+, Augmented Reality Dinosaurs – my ARgalaxy, BioInc – Biomedical Plague, Plan+Net. Their choice is caused by the specifics of the object of biological cognition (life in all its manifestations) and the concept of bio(eco)centrism, which recognizes the life of any living system as the highest value. The paper suggests the original approach for homework checking, which involves besides computer control of students’ learning outcomes, the use of Miracast wireless technology. This demands the owning of a smartphone, a multimedia projector, and a Google Chromecast type adapter. The methodology of conducting a mobile front-line survey at the lesson on the learned or current material in biology in the test form, with the help of the free Plickers application, has been presented. The expediency of using the website builder Ucoz.ua for creation of a training website in biology has been substantiated. The methodology of organizing the educational process in biology in a basic school using the training website has been developed. Recommendations for using a biology training website have been summarized. According to the results of the forming experiment, the effectiveness of the proposed methodology of using mobile Internet devices in the process of biology studying in a basic school has been substantiated.
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7

Heitman, Joshua L., Alon Ben-Gal, Thomas J. Sauer, Nurit Agam, and John Havlin. Separating Components of Evapotranspiration to Improve Efficiency in Vineyard Water Management. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7594386.bard.

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Vineyards are found on six of seven continents, producing a crop of high economic value with much historic and cultural significance. Because of the wide range of conditions under which grapes are grown, management approaches are highly varied and must be adapted to local climatic constraints. Research has been conducted in the traditionally prominent grape growing regions of Europe, Australia, and the western USA, but far less information is available to guide production under more extreme growing conditions. The overarching goal of this project was to improve understanding of vineyard water management related to the critical inter-row zone. Experiments were conducted in moist temperate (North Carolina, USA) and arid (Negev, Israel) regions in order to address inter-row water use under high and low water availability conditions. Specific objectives were to: i) calibrate and verify a modeling technique to identify components of evapotranspiration (ET) in temperate and semiarid vineyard systems, ii) evaluate and refine strategies for excess water removal in vineyards for moist temperate regions of the Southeastern USA, and iii) evaluate and refine strategies for water conservation in vineyards for semi-arid regions of Israel. Several new measurement and modeling techniques were adapted and assessed in order to partition ET between favorable transpiration by the grapes and potentially detrimental water use within the vineyard inter-row. A micro Bowen ratio measurement system was developed to quantify ET from inter-rows. The approach was successful at the NC site, providing strong correlation with standard measurement approaches and adding capability for continuous, non-destructive measurement within a relatively small footprint. The environmental conditions in the Negev site were found to limit the applicability of the technique. Technical issues are yet to be solved to make this technique sufficiently robust. The HYDRUS 2D/3D modeling package was also adapted using data obtained in a series of intense field campaigns at the Negev site. The adapted model was able to account for spatial variation in surface boundary conditions, created by diurnal canopy shading, in order to accurately calculate the contribution of interrow evaporation (E) as a component of system ET. Experiments evaluated common practices in the southeastern USA: inter-row cover crops purported to reduce water availability and thereby favorably reduce grapevine vegetative growth; and southern Israel: drip irrigation applied to produce a high value crop with maximum water use efficiency. Results from the NC site indicated that water use by the cover crop contributed a significant portion of vineyard ET (up to 93% in May), but that with ample rainfall typical to the region, cover crop water use did little to limit water availability for the grape vines. A potential consequence, however, was elevated below canopy humidity owing to the increased inter-row evapotranspiration associated with the cover crops. This creates increased potential for fungal disease occurrence, which is a common problem in the region. Analysis from the Negev site reveals that, on average, E accounts for about10% of the total vineyard ET in an isolated dripirrigated vineyard. The proportion of ET contributed by E increased from May until just before harvest in July, which could be explained primarily by changes in weather conditions. While non-productive water loss as E is relatively small, experiments indicate that further improvements in irrigation efficiency may be possible by considering diurnal shading effects on below canopy potential ET. Overall, research provided both scientific and practical outcomes including new measurement and modeling techniques, and new insights for humid and arid vineyard systems. Research techniques developed through the project will be useful for other agricultural systems, and the successful synergistic cooperation amongst the research team offers opportunity for future collaboration.
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8

Fallik, Elazar, Robert Joly, Ilan Paran, and Matthew A. Jenks. Study of the Physiological, Molecular and Genetic Factors Associated with Postharvest Water Loss in Pepper Fruit. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7593392.bard.

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The fruit of pepper (Capsicum annuum) commonly wilts (or shrivels) during postharvest storage due to rapid water loss, a condition that greatly reduces its shelf life and market value. The fact that pepper fruit are hollow, and thus have limited water content, only exacerbates this problem in pepper. The collaborators on this project completed research whose findings provided new insight into the genetic, physiological, and biochemical basis for water loss from the fruits of pepper (Capsicum annuum and related Capsicum species). Well-defined genetic populations of pepper were used in this study, the first being a series of backcross F₁ and segregating F₂, F₃, and F₄ populations derived from two original parents selected for having dramatic differences in fruit water loss rate (very high and very low water loss). The secondly population utilized in these studies was a collection of 50 accessions representing world diversity in both species and cultivar types. We found that an unexpectedly large amount of variation was present in both fruit wax and cutin composition in these collections. In addition, our studies revealed significant correlations between the chemical composition of both the fruit cuticular waxes and cutin monomers with fruit water loss rate. Among the most significant were that high alkane content in fruit waxes conferred low fruit water loss rates and low permeability in fruit cuticles. In contrast, high amounts of terpenoids (plus steroidal compounds) were associated with very high fruit water loss and cuticle permeability. These results are consistent with our models that the simple straight chain alkanes pack closely together in the cuticle membrane and obstruct water diffusion, whereas lipids with more complex 3-dimensional structure (such as terpenoids) do not pack so closely, and thus increase the diffusion pathways. The backcross segregating populations were used to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with water loss (using DART markers, Diversity Arrays Technology LTD). These studies resulted in identification of two linked QTLs on pepper’s chromosome 10. Although the exact genetic or physiological basis for these QTLs function in water loss is unknown, the genotypic contribution in studies of near-isogenic lines selected from these backcross populations reveals a strong association between certain wax compounds, the free fatty acids and iso-alkanes. There was also a lesser association between the water loss QTLs with both fruit firmness and total soluble sugars. Results of these analyses have revealed especially strong genetic linkages between fruit water loss, cuticle composition, and two QTLs on chromosome 10. These findings lead us to further speculate that genes located at or near these QTLs have a strong influence on cuticle lipids that impact water loss rate (and possibly, whether directly or indirectly, other traits like fruit firmness and sugar content). The QTL markers identified in these studies will be valuable in the breeding programs of scientists seeking to select for low water loss, long lasting fruits, of pepper, and likely the fruits of related commodities. Further work with these newly developed genetic resources should ultimately lead to the discovery of the genes controlling these fruit characteristics, allowing for the use of transgenic breeding approaches toward the improvement of fruit postharvest shelf life.
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