Dissertations / Theses: 'Free and open interviews'

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Thompson, Megan Jennifer. "Improving Family-provider Relationships Through Cultural Training and Open-ended Client Interviews." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115170/.

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Behavior analysts form parent-professional relationships with families of many different backgrounds. the study evaluated the effectiveness of a training program to teach behavior analysts to utilize an open family interview format. the study was conducted at an autism treatment program. a pre-post treatment design with in vivo simulation probes before and after training was used to assess the effects of the workshop on the participants and parents’ verbal behavior. Results showed that rate of questions per minute and number of closed-ended questions decreased after training, the duration of interviews decreased after training, the number of closed-ended questions significantly decreased after training, and frequency of the discussion topic of child goals increased after training. in general, interviewer responses varied. Preliminary data and parent questionnaire responses suggested parents were comfortable with the new interview format and felt the behavior analyst understood cultural and family needs.

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Gozukeles, Ibrahim Izlem. "Free And Open Source Software In Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607173/index.pdf.

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In recent years, there has been growing interest of governments and firms for Free and Open Source Software (FOSS). However, FOSS is still a puzzlement for a wide spectrum of academic disciplines. Social scientists ask why FOSS hackers participate in FOSS if they do not get any monetary rewards. On the other hand firms ask, how a firm can earn money from FOSS. In this study, motivations of FOSS hackers and firms are taken as an interrelated phenomenon. For FOSS hackers, social and technical aspects of FOSS are essential. On the contrary to FOSS hackers, firms have profit oriented goals. In this context, conflicting and coinciding interests of FOSS hackers and firms are investigated through development of FOSS in Turkey. Software industry in Turkey is not developed enough and FOSS may play a prominent role in developing its own software industry. This study discusses FOSS both from the view of hackers and the firms in Turkey. In that respect, social conditions that make hackers voluntarily contribute, discrepancies between attitudes and behaviors of the firms and FOSS licenses are explored. According to these facts, possible FOSS business strategies which may be adopted in Turkey are presented.

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Honekamp, Wilfried, Nicoletta Wojtera, and Knut Meissner. "Fee-Free-Open-Access-Journals - Vor- und Nachteile." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-70830.

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In diesem Beitrag werden Publikationsmotivation und -formen sowie die Vor- und Nachteile von Open Access beschrieben und am Beispiel des Fee-Free-Open-Access-Journals Zeitschrift für Nachwuchswissenschaftler erläutert
In this paper, publications motivation and forms are described, as well as, the pros and cons of Open Access. They are explained using the fee-free open access journal German Journal of Young Researchers as an example

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Molobe, Absalom Mosabeni. "The diary of Hammanskraal : open space : free - mind." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11272008-154322.

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Honekamp, Wilfried, Nicoletta Wojtera, and Knut Meissner. "Fee-Free-Open-Access-Journals - Vor- und Nachteile." 11. Nachwuchswissenschaftlerkonferenz der Fachhochschulen Sachsens, Sachsen-Anhalts und Thüringens : Tagungsband ; 14. April 2010 Fachhochschule Schmalkalden. - Schmalkalden : Fachhochsch. (ISBN 978-3-00-030849-9), 2010. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A1236.

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In diesem Beitrag werden Publikationsmotivation und -formen sowie die Vor- und Nachteile von Open Access beschrieben und am Beispiel des Fee-Free-Open-Access-Journals Zeitschrift für Nachwuchswissenschaftler erläutert.
In this paper, publications motivation and forms are described, as well as, the pros and cons of Open Access. They are explained using the fee-free open access journal German Journal of Young Researchers as an example.

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Batikas, Michail. "SME’s participation to Free Libre Open Source Software Communities." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/38704.

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Les motivacions entorn al programari lliure han estat sempre un tema de gran interès, sent la pregunta més obvia, "perquè les persones treballen de forma gratuïta?". Les motivacions dels desenvolupadors han estat establertes (per exemple, von Hippel (2001), Lerner and Tirole (2002)). De la mateixa manera que ho han estat per a les empreses grans i petites que adopten programari lliure basat en models de negoci (per exemple, Lakhani and von Hippel, 2003; Fitzgerald, 2006; Krishnamurthy, 2004). No obstant això, un nombre cada vegada més elevat de les PIMES amb estratègies que no estan directament relacionades amb aquest model de negoci estan contribuint a les comunitats de programari lliure. En aquest estudi s'investiga les motivacions d'aquestes empreses des d'un punt de vista de comportament mitjançant un model d'investigació basat en TPB (Theory of Planned Behavior). Hem demostrat que factors com la "obertura" d'una PIME, la importància percebuda del programari lliure, els desenvolupadors (empleats) d'una PIME, juntament amb l'ambient extern, podrien influir en la decisió d'una PIME a participar en comunitats de programari lliure. A més, hem demostrat que es poden identificar algunes diferències entre empreses d'alta base tecnològica i empreses amb poca base tecnològica. Aquestes conclusions poden ajudar governs nacionals o regionals per millorar el disseny de polítiques per tal d'incentivar l'ús i la participació de les empreses en les comunitats de programari lliure. Especialment ara, degut a la forta crisi econòmica que pateix Europa, el programari lliure pot ser una solució adequada per a fomentar la innovació.
Motivations in FLOSS have always been a subject of great interest, by starting with the most obvious question, “why people work for free?”. The motivations of developers have been well established (eg von Hippel (2001), Lerner and Tirole 2002). The same exists also for big and small companies adopting FLOSS based Business Models (eg Lakhani and von Hippel, 2003; Fitzgerald 2006; Krishnamurthy, 2004). However an increasing number of SMEs with strategies not directly related to the Business Model are contributing to FLOSS communities. In this study we try to investigate these motivations under a behavioral perspective by using a research model based on TPB (Theory of Planned Behavior). We demonstrated that factors like the “openness” of a SME, the perceived importance of FLOSS, the developers (employees) of a SME along with the external environment of a SME, could influence the decision of a SME to participate in FLOSS communities. Also, we have demonstrated that some differences can be identified between high tech firms and non high tech firms. These findings can help national or regional governments to design better policies in order to better promote the use and the participation of firms to FLOSS communities. Especially now, in times of heavy economical crisis in Europe, FLOSS can be an adequate solution to foster innovation.

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Bakar, Khairul Azmi Abu. "Dealing with free-riding nodes in an open MANET." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2012. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=16921.

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A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a self-organised wireless network where mobile nodes can communicate with each other without the need of any existing network infrastructure or centralised administration. There are no dedicated routing devices and each node has to rely on others to cooperatively provide forwarding services to ensure global connectivity. In an open MANET, different nodes may have different authorities and different goals. To conserve their own resources, some nodes may choose not to cooperate while still using the network to forward their packets. Uncooperative or misbehaving nodes can significantly degrade the performance of a MANET. Most previous works to mitigate the effects of misbehaving nodes focus on data forwarding. However, dropping control packets is a better strategy for the selfish nodes to avoid themselves from being requested to forward data packets. In this thesis, a new scheme is proposed to detect free-riding nodes which exhibit such a strategy. In the detection scheme, each node operates in promiscuous mode and monitors the activities of its neighbouring node. All nodes in the network are expected to contribute to the network on the continual basis within each predefined time frame. Those which fail will undergo a suspicious checking procedure to test for the suspicious behaviour. Detection alone is not enough to deal with free-riding nodes. To encourage the nodes to be cooperative, three variations of punishment schemes are proposed. The schemes punish free-riding nodes by isolating them and refusing them services.

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Lee, Jyh-An. "Coding a free society open source strategies for policymakers." Saarbrücken VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2007. http://d-nb.info/985468114/04.

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Alexy, Oliver. "Free revealing how firms can profit from being open." Wiesbaden Gabler, 2008. http://d-nb.info/991137124/04.

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Mirza, Aghaee Naghmeh. "Choosing Free/Open Source Software : The strategic reasons for using Open Office in the municipalities." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Business Informatics, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-9749.

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Open source software is becoming a credible and realistic alternative to proprietary software in municipalities. The aim of this thesis is to explore the strategies and logical issues that inspire and motivate municipalities to migrate into or integrate use of open source software. The research approach used in the study is an explorative, comparative case study performed in the three Swedish municipalities of Falköping, Alingsås and Kungälv, which considers implementation and use of OpenOffice in administration. The methodologies used in the case study were in-depth interviews with Chief Information Officers in the municipalities and document analysis. The interviews were combined with the tool of SWOTanalysis to further focus on the reasons for choosing OpenOffice as an application program. There is certainly not a unique strategy to migrate into or integrate use of Free/Open Source Software. Since each municipality is autonomous in the process of decision-making, various strategic planning or guidelines are use in different municipalities. In the municipalities of Alingsås and Kungälv the strategic planning is used for leading the processes of implementation of new software applications. However, in Falköping municipality, the procedures are guided by a set of guidelines. The lower Total Cost of Ownership and the Free/Open Source Software’s freedoms besides many other advantages, make the municipalities stimulated to migrate into use of OpenOffice suite. In contrast, there are some drawbacks and barriers, such as shortage of internal and external standardization and lack of user knowledge and familiarity, which demotivate the municipalities to take this decision. To lower costs of IT administration seems to be the most significant factor in motivating municipalities to migrate into use of OpenOffice. More research is needed in order to find out the consequences of implementation of OpenOffice in municipalities as well as to investigate if Total Cost of Ownership really is decreased by the use of Open Office.

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Sebald, Gerd. "Offene Wissensökonomie : Analysen zur Wissenssoziologie der Free/Open Source-Softwareentwicklung /." Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2008. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016075365&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Sebald, Gerd. "Offene Wissensökonomie Analysen zur Wissenssoziologie der Free/Open-Source-Softwareentwicklung." Wiesbaden VS, Verl. für Sozialwiss, 2007. http://d-nb.info/985501480/04.

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Teemley, Bradley J. "Rulemaking in the name of a free and open Internet." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/5237.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
Network neutrality is a principle dictating that traffic flowing over a network does so without discrimination. Whether government regulation is necessary to ensure the Internet as we know it is perpetuated in today's relatively neutral state is being debated more and more, as use of the Internet becomes more vital to everyone on a day-to-day basis and content grows at an incredible rate. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in 2009 decided to act in this regard and proceed in an attempt to identify rules that will preserve a free and open Internet. The basis of these rules are six principles that the FCC has proposed (directed at broadband providers) that outline what it believes will maintain a free and open Internet. Debate has formed among three groups: Those favoring this sort of regulation by the government Those who determine it is unnecessary Those who propose that the FCC, has no authority granted by Congress to implement its proposed rules. This thesis examines the debate, formulates conclusions, and proposes recommendations that will ensure the Internet remains the incredibly effective innovation tool into which it has grown.

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Matavire, Rangarirai. "Acquired status in free and open source software user groups." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12224.

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Includes abstract.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 89-93).
This study represents a seamless weaving of new and previously seemingly unrelated concepts on Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) participation into an integrated substantive framework. The research demonstrates how patterns of behaviour amongst FOSS participants serve as currency for the acquisition of status. Stages of the Basic Social Process (BSP) that lead to the resolution of the status concern are proposed. The core elements of the BSP are found to be Joining, Learning, Locating, Cultivating and Consolidating. These constructs represent the non-linear stages which the members of the community encountered in their FOSS journey towards acquiring status. The conditions for variation of the constructs are also addressed in this study.

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Meyer, Silke [Verfasser]. ""Free Software, Free Society"? : Über die Reproduktion von Differenz in der Praxis von Free/Libre Open Source Software-Communities / Silke Meyer." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1045194999/34.

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Hawkins, Penelope Anne. "Financial constraints and the small open economy." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21628.

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The thesis develops a new model of the small open economy emphasizing financial constraints, based on the notion of liquidity preference as a constraining tendency on the income adjustment process. Preference for liquid assets results in a number of financial states of constraint, such as financial vulnerability, financial exclusion and financial fragility. These are explored in a regional and international context. Openness brings with it new opportunity as well as potential constraints. Models of small open economies have in general assumed away the latter and have neglected the consequences of financial openness. This is reflected in the absence of a means to identify economies as small and open on the basis of their financial exposure. The financial vulnerability index is developed to address this deficit. Applied to twenty-one countries, the index reveals that emerging countries can be classified as small open economies constrained by preference for liquid assets. Policies designed with the conventional approach to constraints in mind appear to be inappropriate for these countries. The concept of constraints has rarely been dealt with explicitly and a possible categorisation of constraints for mainstream and Post Keynesian schools is developed. It proves to be a useful point of entry for grasping ontological differences between schools. It also provides insights into the constraining tendencies facing the small open economy, and how they can be managed. When these insights are applied to the South African economy, the current macroeconomic policy, and critiques thereof, are found to be wanting.

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Warlick, Stefanie E. "Publication Transformation: Why Authors Choose to Publish in Open Access/Free Full-text Journals." Thesis, School of Information and Library Science, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1901/299.

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In an attempt to identify motivating factors involved in decisions to publish in Open Access (OA) journals, individual interviews with biomedical faculty members at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, a major research university, were conducted. The interviews focused on faculty identified as early adopters of OA/free full-text publishing. Searches conducted in PubMed and PubMed Central identified faculty from UNC-Chapel Hill who have published works in OA/free full-text journals. The searches targeted authors with multiple OA citations during a specified 18 month period. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the most prolific OA authors. Individual interviews attempted to determine whether the authors were aware they published in OA journals, why they chose to publish in OA journals, what factors influenced their publishing decisions, and their general attitude towards OA publishing models. Interview questions were based on a review of the literature and consultation with a scholarly communication working group. The interview results were analyzed to see whether these faculty members made conscious efforts to publish in OA/free full-text journals, and if so why.

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Srinivasan, Sumitra. "An Open Source Technoscape in India: Motivations, Manifestations, and Speculations." restricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-08172006-171614/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2006.
Ted Friedman, committee chair; Kathy Fuller-Seeley, Ashok Jhunjhunwala, Merrill Morris, Leonard Teel, committee members. Title from title screen. Electronic text (236 p. : col. ill.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed May 22, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 189-210).

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Schofield, Andrew John. "Knowledge and resource sharing in free and open source software community environments." Thesis, University of Salford, 2010. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26898/.

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This thesis describes a research study which investigated on-line communities based around Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) support and development. Specifically, the study examined how knowledge and resources are shared within these communities. Emphasis was placed on the issues of organisation and governance of these communities, collaboration, and the motivation of the participants involved. The research was carried out from an interpretive philosophical perspective and was therefore exploratory in nature, focusing on the perspectives of FOSS community participants. Following an in-depth literature review on the topics of FOSS and Knowledge Management, a multi-method approach was employed using three data collection techniques; an on-line questionnaire targeting participants in FOSS interest groups and communities, interviews with community participants and observation of two FOSS communities. The results of the research have revealed interesting findings relating to the social, managerial and technological mechanisms which facilitate knowledge transfer and creation in FOSS communities, and the important role that leadership styles, participant motivations, organisational structures and cultures, degrees of formality, relationships between participants and the use of information technology have to play in the success or failure of FOSS projects and communities. The research has shown that extremely strict or relaxed forms of leadership are likely to cause problems in a project and community, that a wide array of motivational factors drive participants, that many and varied forms of organisational structure and cultures exist, often influenced by leadership styles, that levels of formality in a community can have significant effects on knowledge sharing and collaboration, that social interaction acts as a foundation for FOSS activities but has little significance beyond that, and that to a certain extent, disagreements and arguments between participants and even project forking can be beneficial to a FOSS project and community. A generic finding was that FOSS communities vary considerably, based on the factors described above. This research therefore goes some way towards creating a generic model of FOSS communities and projects and specifies a number of 'recipes' for project and/or community success.

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Hilton, John L. III. "Freely Ye Have Received, Freely Give (Matthew 10:8): How Giving Away Religious Digital Books Influences The Print Sales of Those Books." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2022.

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Lack of access prevents many from benefiting from educational resources. Digital technologies now enable educational resources, such as books, to be openly available to those with access to the Internet. This study examined the financial viability of a religious publisher's putting free digital versions of eight of its books on the Internet. The total cost of putting these books online was $940.00. Over a 10-week period these books were downloaded 102,256 times and print sales of these books increased 26%. Comparisons with historical book sales and sales of comparable titles suggest a positive but modest connection between this increase and the online availability of the free books. This dissertation may be downloaded for free at http://etd.byu.edu.

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Krieger, Bernhard Ludwig. "The production of free software : an ethnographic enquiry into a new social practise." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608965.

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Muramoto, Eiichi, Tatsuya Jinmei, Takahiro Kurosawa, Odira Elisha Abade, Shuntaro Nishiura, and Nobuo Kawaguchi. "NAT Free Open Source 3D Video Conferencing using SAMTK and Application Layer Router." IEEE, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/15458.

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Sanga, Camilius. "A technique for the evaluation of free and open source e-learning systems." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6242_1306494254.

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Evaluating software is a universal and complex problem. The question is: how should software be selected and adopted, or rather, which of the software packages is the most suitable for a specific environment? Extensive research on the evaluation of software has been done, but only a few researchers have considered evaluation of e-learning systems based on three software quality characteristics (i.e. usability, maintainability and deployability) for implementation in third world countries. In this thesis, it will be considered how to use a mixed research methods for the evaluation of free and open source e-learning systems in a developing country. The scope of this investigation is the evaluation of two free and open source e-learning systems at the Open University of Tanzania using 33 stakeholders (some with more and others with less computer expertise).

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Berry, David M. "The contestation of code : a political economy of free software and open source." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.441037.

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Garrigós, Janina, and Pau Minoves. "Adopting Free/Libre/Open Source Software Practices, Techniques and Methods for Industrial Use." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-4184.

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Today’s software companies face the challenges of highly distributed development projects and constant changing requirements. To be competitive, the software time to market has to be reduced as much as possible while keeping the expected quality. Development methodologies try to address this challenges by introducing new practices, techniques and methods for communication, requirements management, quality assurance, etc. This thesis proposes the adoption of relevant Free/Libre/Open Source Software practices to improve industrial developments. Many FLOSS projects have proven very successful, producing high quality products with steady frequent releases. The selection of the FLOSS best practices that would benefit industrial developments, and its adaptation for a corporate environment is the aim of this study. To achieve this goal, a framework to compare FLOSS and industrial development methodologies has been created and executed. Three successful FLOSS projects where selected as study targets, as well as two Ericsson’s projects. The framework served to identify FLOSS methodology strengths and compare them with the Ericsson projects. Analysing the significant differences resulting from this comparison, FLOSS best practices were tailored to fit industrial development environments. The final results of the thesis are six adoption opportunities that aim to improve software quality and overall development productivity while increasing practitioners’ motivation and commitment.

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Kautto, Ethel. "Is it the gluten-free diet that matters the most? : Food, gender and celiac disease." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kostvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-85866.

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Background: The only treatment for celiac disease consists of excluding gluten. Gluten is a protein complex found in wheat, rye, and barley, which are cereals commonly used in bread, pasta, pizza, etc. The overall aims of this thesis were to study; what happens with food choices and nutrient intakes when individuals are prescribed a gluten-free diet and what consequences this has on the everyday lives of young women and young men dealing with this disease. Methods: A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to study nutrient intake and how food choices were affected after a change to a gluten-free diet. The FFQ was sent to 12-13 years-old adolescents who took part in a large Swedish celiac screening study. The following three groups were studied: previously diagnosed with celiac disease, screening-diagnosed and non-celiac controls. The first FFQ was sent out before the screening-diagnosed adolescents had been told they had celiac disease, and the second was sent 12-18 months after they had been prescribed the gluten-free treatment. Semi-structured interviews were performed five years later in order to study how everyday life was affected by celiac disease in seven young women and seven young men. The interviews were analyzed by content analysis. Results: The previously diagnosed celiac disease group reported a nutrient intake in line with the non-celiac control group. Most of the participants reported nutrient intakes above the estimated average requirements. A diagnosis of celiac disease altered the intake of some foods, and this was shown by comparing the results from the baseline FFQ before the diagnosis and the follow-up FFQ after. The young women and young men reported similar experiences of the gluten-free food, but the perceived consequences of living with celiac disease differed between genders. Conclusion: This thesis shows that after a diagnosis of celiac disease food changes are necessary in order to be compliant with the gluten-free diet. One common effect is that food options will be reduced. However, as long the food intake is gluten-free, varied, and in sufficient quantity there is no reason to worry more about the nutritional intake of adolescents diagnosed with celiac disease than there is for their non-celiac peers. The findings in this thesis also show that society’s gender order has a great impact on how young women and young men experience their everyday lives, with celiac disease, and with the gluten-free diet.

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Ozaygen, Altay S. "Diffusion Of Free And Open Source Software As Innovation: A Case Study Of Metu." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605716/index.pdf.

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In this thesis, the diffusion of free and open source software (FOSS) on desktop PCs at Middle East Technical University in Ankara (METU) is investigated within the framework of the diffusion of innovation theory. This thesis aims to propose some policies for the migration to FOSS on desktop PCs at METU. The research is conducted through two similar web-based surveys. The first survey was held during 27-28 September 2003 after the examination of exemption for the IS100 course. The second survey was held between 23 March and 24 May 2004 in the whole of the METU campus. This survey was open to all students and academic and non-academic staff with a METU network account. There were 402 participants in the first survey and 1224 in the second. As expected, Microsoft OS rules the desktop PCs within the METU campus. According to the surveys, there is a rather large PC user base which could potentially migrate to GNU/Linux system. In addition to a large amount of data, it has been found out that a migration to FOSS is welcomed greatly by the users if the process is explained on the basis of public economic gains. However personal migration is still difficult if the user is left alone to install any new OS. Activities which will eventually increase the awareness for FOSS at METU, change in the curriculum of the IS100 course, collaboration among METU FOSS users and creation of a software catalog with possible FOSS equivalent for METU courses are some of the propositions which will eventually help the migration process. Furthermore, different innovation-decision models are discussed based on the research findings.

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Mandel, Alexander. "Expanding Geography with Free and Open Source Software| Technology Diffusion, Cartography, and Data Analysis." Thesis, University of California, Davis, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3646340.

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This dissertation lies at the intersection of two current trends in technology, both of which are increasing with the spread of high speed internet: location-based services (geospatial technologies) and Free and Open Source Software (FOSS). Chapter one explores the nature of geospatial technology knowledge diffusion by investigating the spread of OSGeo-Live, a collection of pre-existing geospatial FOSS packaged specifically for demonstration and education purposes. The analysis examines the distribution of downloaders, contributors and translators then assesses the potential barriers to knowledge diffusion including economic, technical and socio-cultural factors. Chapter two describes a new online tool built with FOSS designed to bring traditional cartographic knowledge to a new medium, the internet, and a new audience, web developers and other non-traditional internet-based cartographers. The tool allows users to compare several base map options simultaneously, providing guidance on how to assess the appropriateness of a base map for a particular map composition. Chapter three uses geospatial FOSS software to conduct verification of a habitat fragmentation model with GPS tracking data. By demonstrating a common type of analysis for natural resource scientists, the methods provide an example for traditional types of geospatial analysis emphasizing repeatability, shareability, and usability by field science practitioners not just geospatial specialists. These studies represent an initial foray into understanding geospatial technology diffusion and modern geospatial technologies, specifically with geospatial free and open source software.

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Ratto, Matt. "The pressure of openness : the hybrid work of linux free/open source kernel developers /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3089478.

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Özaygen, Altay Ş Supervisor :. Geray Haluk. "Diffusion of free and open source software as innovation : a case study of Metu." Ankara : METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605716/index.pdf.

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Hasan, Belkiz, and Paulo Monsalve. "Study on free-surface aeration with high-velocity air-water flows in open-channels." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-216145.

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Monjarret, Ronan. "The multi-layer shallow water model with free surface : treatment of the open boundaries." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU30334.

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This PhD dissertation, conducted as a collaboration between the SHOM and the University of Toulouse, deals with improving the treatment of open boundary conditions, for the multi-layer shallow water model with free surface. One of the main difficulties with such an objective is the determination of the modes associated to the internal surfaces liquid/liquid: the baroclinic modes. The work of this thesis focusses on two axes: The first one concerns the eigenstructure of the differential operator, associated to the general model. This allows to insure conditions of hyperbolicity and local wellposedness of the system of equations. This axis is divided in two chapters. The analysis of the two-layer model is performed in the first chapter: the calculus are exact and it is proved the gap is important compared with the single-layer model. The model with n layers, n _ 3, is studied in the second chapter: the main difficulty of these equations is the number of parameters, which obliges to concede assumptions. A new conservative multi-layer model is introduced and analyzed. The second axis deals with practical treatment of the open boundary conditions. The conditional local well-posedness of the initial-boundary value problem is proved. Afterwards, the boundary conditions are clarified for a general domain and a particular one: a rectangle. Comparison of the errors is performed between the single-layer model and the two and four-layer models, with two test case: the propagation of a gravity wave and a barotropic vortex.

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Ex, Lindsay. "The State of Integrated Open Space Planning: Toward Landscape Integrity?" DigitalCommons@USU, 2010. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/767.

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Open space planning has been present within the United States for over a century. Traditionally, open space planning efforts tend to focus more exclusively on either socially-based (e.g., recreational, scenic, or park planning) or ecologically-based (e.g., preserves, habitat networks or more general conservation planning) planning efforts. This separation of ecological and social frameworks in open space planning is reinforced by a persistent cultural model, where community and conservation are seen as opposing forces instead of partners. While recent open space planning efforts have begun to integrate social and ecological frameworks into one plan, the majority of our knowledge on integrated open space planning comes from individual case studies. Thus, a synthesized toolbox for how to practice this planning field is lacking. Given this lack of synthesized knowledge of integrated open space planning, an exploratory effort was undertaken to begin to view this newer planning field through a comprehensive lens. The goal of this research was to identify the state of integrated open space planning and begin to assess whether this state was leading toward "landscape integrity," which suggests that healthy social and ecological systems must function together to be sustainable. Framed within an adapted Pressure-State-Response framework, this thesis employed mixed methods and multiple perspectives to engender a holistic framework that identifies the pressures, state of, and potential responses surrounding integrated open space planning. Pressures synthesized from practice and theory include key barriers and facilitators to achieving integration. For the first time, the state of integrated open space planning has been identified from a synthesis of thirty planning processes, practices, and tools utilized in this new planning field. This framework provides planners with a framework upon which sharing and communication can now take place regarding how integrated open space planning can be institutionalized. Finally, this understanding of the pressures and state reveals potential responses for this newer planning field, including the need for increased collaboration to build this new field of open space planning into a mainstream planning field and increased research into bridging the gaps between theory and practice identified through this thesis. This study found two integrated open space planning models and a breadth of literature supporting a movement away from the community versus conservation dichotomy. While this movement is not yet mainstream, both paradigm shifts and the rapidly changing landscapes in which we live are reinforcing this trend. With the expanded view and holistic framework illustrated by this research, planners are afforded a similar language upon which they can discuss the tools and processes central to integrated open space planning.

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Benneworth, Kelly. "A discursive analysis of police interviews with suspected paedophiles : the implications of 'open' and 'closed' interviewing for admission and denial." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2004. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7598.

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This thesis examines the discursive interaction between the police officer and the suspected paedophile in the investigative interview. A review of the literature revealed that paedophiles talk about their offences in terms of conventional relationships, personal bonds and emotions whilst being discrete about the sexual aspects of their activities. In the investigative interview, police officers must establish accountability, avoid emotional talk and encourage paedophiles to discuss their criminal activities in terms of direct, agentic detail. Given these two distinct approaches to the description of unlawful sexual contact, there is the potential for difficulties to arise in the elicitation of information in the investigative interview. This thesis explores how police officers and paedophiles negotiate an account of `what really happened' whilst managing conflicting descriptions of the offence. This thesis also evaluates the relative effectiveness of interviewing strategies used by the police for maximising admission in suspected paedophiles. Eleven interviews conducted at Leicestershire Police Constabulary were transcribed using the Jefferson system of notation. The offenders were male and aged between 34-54 years. The victims were male (n=5) and female (n=6) and aged between 5-13 years. Content analysis confirmed that police officers and paedophiles do describe sexual acts between adults and children differently. A `physical' repertoire of explicit sexual terms was used more frequently by the police officers, while the suspects exhibited a preference for an `emotiörial' repertoire of relationship talk and euphemisms (x2 = 125.518; df = 1; p

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Scherer, Drew P. "Urban Free Agents: Active Territories Through Nascent Ubiquitous Networks." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1336682944.

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Alexandris, Nikos [Verfasser], and Steffen [Akademischer Betreuer] Kuntz. "Burned area mapping via non-centered PCA using Public Domain Data and Free Open Source Software = Kartierung abgebrannter Flächen durch nicht-zentrierte Hauptkomponentenanalyse bei Benutzung von Public Domain Dateien und Free Open Source Software." Freiburg : Universität, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1123465053/34.

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Hadziselimovic, Adnan. "FLOSSTV (Free, Libre, Open Source Software (FLOSS)) within participatory 'TV hacking' media and arts practices." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2012. http://research.gold.ac.uk/6922/.

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This research operates in the context of a European political discourse, where the main concern is counter-cultural approaches to non-mandatory collaboration and contractual agreements. FLOSSTV (Free, Libre, Open Source Software TV) covers a broad range of practices, from television via documentary up to media arts productions. This thesis documents the endeavour to formulate a policy for FLOSS culture. FLOSSTV studies the impact of new intellectual property legislation on media production, as well as conceptions and applications of collective authorship and alternative licensing schemes. FLOSSTV sets out to explore methods that can facilitate media and arts practitioners wishing to engage in collaborative media productions. The thesis sets out to investigate the theories and histories of collaborative media and arts productions in order to set the ground for an exploration of the tools, technologies and aesthetics of such collaborations. The FLOSSTV thesis proposes a set of contracts and policies that allow for such collaborations to develop. It is through practice that this research explores FLOSS culture, including its methods, licensing schemes and technologies. In order to focus the research within the field of FLOSSTV I initiated the practice-based Deptford.TV pilot project as the central research experiment for the FLOSSTV thesis. DVD ONE contains a series of films produced collaboratively for Deptford.TV that express the characteristics and contractual arrangements of FLOSS culture. Deptford.TV is an online audiovisual database primarily collecting media assets around the Deptford area, in SouthEast London, UK. Deptford.TV functions as an open, collaborative platform that allows artists, film-makers, researchers and participants of the local workshops in and around Deptford, and also beyond Deptford, to store, share, re-edit and redistribute their footage and projects. The open and collaborative nature of the Deptford.TV project demonstrates a form of shared media practice in two ways: audiences become producers by submitting their own footage, and the database enables the contributors to interact with each other. Through my practice-lead research project Deptford.TV I argue that, by supporting collaborative methods and practices, FLOSS (Free, Libre, Open Source Software) can empower media and arts practitioners to collaborate in production and distribution processes of media and arts practices.

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Day, Allan. "An ethnographic study of FLOSS : towards an STS analysis of free/open source software production." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2011. http://research.gold.ac.uk/7325/.

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The thesis argues that, contrary to previous analyses of the topic, Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) must be understood as an assemblage of interconnected software projects, rather than being a singular entity. It also argues that a detailed understanding of these projects' production activities is necessary in order to gain an adequate understanding of the wider FLOSS phenomenon. In order to address these omissions in existing treatments of the topic, the thesis presents the results of a detailed, long-term, ethnographic study of a FLOSS project, the analysis of which is informed by actor-network and assemblage theory. In doing so, the material components of GNOME are a major focus, including the project's code, its communications and development infrastructure, and the role of contributors' bodies in their production activities. These aspects of the project are shown to be subject to various territorialising activities which seek to establish it and its products as having particular characteristics, and which also generate the project as a definite, delineated entity. These shared material aspects of the project are also argued to be crucial to participants' abilities to associate and collaborate with one another, and are shown to be subject to normative prescriptions and political contests. The thesis makes the case that the study of FLOSS is able to inform a more general sociological understanding of the consequences and possibilities associated with digital technologies and goods.

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Dysart, Thomas. "Systems within systems : free and open source software licences under German and United States law." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4632118c-1ef6-47b9-ac89-2b3c7889f881.

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Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) licences channel the exclusionary and individualising force of copyright to establish a qualitatively different, somewhat subversive, system for the exploitation of software. This thesis examines how it is that FOSS licences establish this 'system within a system' under both German and United States law. The inquiry begins with a detailed examination of FOSS licence templates as the instruments which transform code from its default position as the 'res' of proprietary relations to its status as 'open' or 'free'. The thesis then considers whether FOSS licence templates, as the legal basis for this subversive move, are valid and enforceable under domestic law. In addressing this question, the thesis undertakes a critical analysis of the leading case law in each jurisdiction. Going beyond the immediate case law, the thesis considers the broader systemic effects of FOSS licence enforcement. It highlights how building a system within a system foments certain tensions and contradictions within the law, in turn giving rise to unintended consequences and legal uncertainty. By highlighting these tensions, the thesis argues that the questions of FOSS licence enforcement in Germany and the United States may not be as settled as some may think.

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Thanatawee, Yordying. "The information content of dividends and open-market share repurchases : theory and evidence." Thesis, University of Bath, 2009. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.520330.

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Since the dividend irrelevance theory of Miller and Modigliani (1961), academics and practitioners still have little understanding of the managerial incentives underpinning dividend policy. Black (1976) observed, “The harder we look at the dividend picture, the more it seems like a puzzle, with pieces that just don’t fit together.”

This thesis aims to shed additional light on the dividend puzzle. Accordingly, two theoretical models have been developed to help explain why firms pay dividends or repurchase their own shares. The models consider the case in which the managers of a high-quality firm (firm H) and a low-quality firm (firm L) choose to use corporate cash flows to pay dividends, repurchase shares, or invest in a real project from which they can earn private benefits. I focus on the case in which firm H has a positive NPV project whereas firm L has a negative NPV project.

In the first model, developed in spirit of Isagawa (2000), I show that paying dividends is a dominated strategy for firm H, regardless of the managerial weight parameter. If the manager is myopic, firm L will choose to repurchase shares at the detriment of existing shareholders. If the manager is farsighted, on the other hand, firm L will choose to pay dividends. I also consider the case in which investors are irrational in that they do not update their beliefs upon observing one firm repurchasing shares while the other firm paying dividends. The model shows that, in inefficient market, firm L will not mimic given that firm H repurchases shares since it cannot obtain any benefit from doing so.

In the second model, built on Fairchild and Zhang’s (2005) work, in which the managerial payout decisions depend on the relative magnitudes of dividend and repurchase catering premia, I demonstrate that a myopic manager of firm H may pass up a positive NPV project in order to cater to investor demand for dividends or share repurchases (an adverse selection problem). In addition, I show that the agency cost of free cash flow can be mitigated if the dividend-catering premium is sufficiently high. That is, firm L’s manager will have a strong incentive to return excess cash to shareholders rather than invest it in a negative NPV project.

Then, I investigate dividend changes in Thailand over the period 2002-2005. To test the signalling and free cash flow hypotheses, I first analyse profitability changes around dividend changes and benchmark them with control firms, and examine the relation between dividend changes and the past and future profitability. Consistent with Benartzi et al.’s (1997) evidence in the U.S., dividend changes in Thailand do not signal future profitability but rather the past performance. Then, I examine the determinants of dividend changes and firm’s decision to change dividends. I also investigate the short-run and long-run stock price performance of dividend-changing firms, and the relation between announcement returns and hypothesised independent variables. Finally, I examine firms’ investment behaviour following dividend changes. The results do not support the view that dividend changes signal future profitability. Overall, the findings are broadly consistent with the free cash flow hypothesis rather than the signalling hypothesis.

Additionally, I provide preliminary evidence on open-market share repurchases (OMRs) in Thailand over the period December 2001 to January 2007. I find that stock prices react positively to OMR announcements and continue to increase in the longer term, suggesting that stock market underreacts to the signal conveyed by the managers of repurchasing firms. Comparing the actual repurchase cost with the costs of benchmark portfolios, I find that the actual repurchase cost is the lowest. This finding suggests that the managers of repurchasing firms have substantial ability to time the market.

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Linder, Anders, and Johan Olsson. "Free Software For Web Development." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2000.

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This thesis will look into what kind of solutions a company or a private person can use if they want to create a dynamic website using only free software. To do this we divided our work in two parts. In the first part, we developed a dynamic website for a Swedish company. On the server side we used exclusively free software with open source code. There are different meanings in how the term “free” should be used when referring to software, which we will explain in the thesis. We have also chosen to work with the XMLtechnology to see if it lives up to its expectations and to see if we could benefit from the technology. Alongside with the development of our site, another company developed a site for the same company as us, by using non-free software. We have described both implementations and compared them to see if it is possible to do the same thing with both free and non-free software.

The investigating part of our work consisted of getting information about what other people think about the free software phenomenon. To do so we created an online questionnaire where we randomly picked 100 Swedish web agencies and asked them to answer 8 questions about what kind of software they used in their company, and what they thought about free software. To get some more opinions we also interviewed two persons involved in these kinds of topics. Jan Sandred, who is a well known expert advisor in topics concerning the Information Technology area and Richard Stallman, the founder of GNU and the Free Software Movement.

The reason for dividing the thesis in two parts was to get an overall picture on the subject. We did not only want to base our results on other people’s thoughts. We wanted to make our own conclusions based on the implementation we did. This approach showed out to be very good. We got to try working with free software ourselves to see its pros and cons and build our own opinions about it. We could then proceed to compare our impressions to other people’s impressions about free software.

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Näder, Johannes. "Open Access." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-160760.

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Seit der Jahrtausendwende prägt das Schlagwort Open Access die Debatten um wissenschaftliches Publizieren. Je nach Kontext geht es dabei um handfeste Strategien angesichts der Zeitschriftenkrise, um ein mehr oder weniger einheitliches Programm zur Verabschiedung des Gutenberg-Zeitalters oder um visionäre Vorstellungen digitaler Wissenskulturen. Die Untersuchung verfolgt zwei Ziele: Zunächst erklärt sie, auf welche Konzepte sich der Begriff Open Access bezieht, wie sich diese Konzepte entwickelt haben und wie sie zusammenfassend beschrieben werden können. Diese Betrachtungsweise ermöglicht es, Open Access in einem zweiten Schritt aus seiner strategischen und programmatischen Funktionalisierung zu lösen und medien-/kulturwissenschaftlich zu deuten: Nicht zufällig entsteht die Open-Access-Bewegung zu einem Zeitpunkt, da sich die medientechnischen Infrastrukturen der Gesellschaft und damit auch der Wissenschaft tiefgreifend verändern. Die Untersuchung analysiert Open Access als den Versuch der Wissenschaftsgemeinschaft, durch die Beeinflussung des Mediensystems auch unter veränderten medialen Bedigungen wissenschaftliche Öffentlichkeit herstellen zu können und dabei Verwerfungen für wissenschaftliche Arbeitsabläufe und für das gesamte Wissenssystem zu vermeiden. Dabei wird deutlich, dass verschiedene Disziplinen unterschiedliche Anforderungen an wissenschaftliche Öffentlichkeit haben und dass daher Aushandlungsprozesse nötig sind. Gleichzeitig reflektiert die Untersuchung, dass es sich bei den gerade entstehenden neuen Medieninfrastrukturen genau wie beim sich wandelnden wissenschaftlichen Publikationswesen um fragile, grundsätzlich kontingente Strukturen handelt, deren Zukunft keineswegs gesichert ist: Statt Open Access könnten sich auch andere Organisationsformen wissenschaftlicher Öffentlichkeit im digitalen Zeitalter etablieren, die aber nicht unbedingt im Sinne eines offenen und produktiven wissenschaftlichen Austausches und einer breiten gesellschaftlichen Partizipation an wissenschaftlicher Kultur sein müssen. Open Access erscheint vor diesem Hintergrund als vorsichtiger und vergleichweise schadensarmer Aushandlungsprozess, nicht als radikale Revolution des Wissenschaftssystems an der Schwelle zum digitalen Zeitalter. Methodisch knüpft die Untersuchung an die Mediologie an, die durch die Beschreibung von Wechselwirkungen zwischen technischen Medien und kulturellen Praxen die Konstruktion einseitiger Kausalzusammenhänge vermeiden will. In einem Exkurs wird untersucht, worin sich die Konzepte von Open Access und Open Source bzw. Freier Software unterscheiden. Der Anhang der Arbeit enthält den Volltext der drei Erklärungen von Budapest, Bethesda und Berlin, in denen wichtige Prinzipien von Open Access niedergelegt sind.

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Berglund, Emma. "Rights, Inclusion and Free Movement : Social Rights and Citizenship in the European Union." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-131864.

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The free movement of persons in the EU has been fraught with tension since the Eastern enlargements. This culminated in 2016 when the UK demanded the possibility to limit rights and benefits to intra-EU migrants, making for a fresh investigation into the state of the free movement. From a constructivist perspective of rights and citizenship this in-depth case study aims to elucidate how EU actors describe the free movement of persons. It will further look at how they situate limitations and obstacles and analyze what this reflects in terms of underlying logics and rationales of rights and citizenship in the EU free movement regime. The interviews with EU actors reveal how distinctions of politically constructed categories of migrants which define Insiders and Outsiders are used to rationalize who has the right to social rights. Inclusion is defined in terms of market liberalism and individual responsibility, logics which thus also define the Insiders of Europe. This produces an image of the EU citizen and indirectly defines those who diverge from this image as Outsiders, including “lesser” Europeans. The underlying logics within the EU could therefore contribute to negative perceptions of those who cannot meet the requirements of the ideal European.

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Berdou, Evangelia. "Managing the bazaar : commercialization and peripheral participation in mature, community-led free/open source software projects." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2007. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/116/.

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The thesis investigates two fundamental dynamics of participation and collaboration in mature, community-led Free/Open Source (F/OS) software projects - commercialization and peripheral participation. The aim of the thesis is to examine whether the power relations that underlie the F/OS model of development are indicative of a new form of power relations supported by ICTs. Theoretically, the thesis is located within the Communities of Practice (CoP) literature and it draws upon Michel Foucault's ideas about the historical and relational character of power. It also mobilizes, to a lesser extent, Erving Goffman's notion of `face-work'. This framework supports a methodology that questions the rationality of how F/OS is organized and examines the relations between employed coders and volunteers, experienced and inexperienced coders, and programmers and nonprogrammers. The thesis examines discursive and structural dimensions of collaboration and employs quantitative and qualitative methods. Structural characteristics are considered in the light of arguments about embeddedness. The thesis contributes insights into how the gift economy is embedded in the exchange economy and the role of peripheral contributors. The analysis indicates that community-integrated paid developers have a key role in project development, maintaining the infrastructure aspects of the code base. The analysis suggests that programming and non-programming contributors are distinct in their make-up, priorities and rhythms of participation, and that learning plays an important role in controlling access. The results show that volunteers are important drivers of peripheral activities, such as translation and documentation. The term `autonomous peripherality' is used to capture the unique characteristics of these activities. These findings support the argument that centrality and peripherality are associated with the division of labour, which, in turn, is associated with employment relations and frameworks of institutional support. The thesis shows how the tensions produced by commercialization and peripheral participation are interwoven with values of meritocracy, ritual and strategic enactment of the idea of community as well as with tools and techniques developed to address the emergence of a set of problems specific to management and governance. These are characterized as `technologies of communities'. It is argued that the emerging topology of F/OS participation, seen as a `relational meshwork', is indicative of a redefinition of the relationship between sociality and economic production within mature, community-led F/OS projects.

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Hanssen, Seferidis Johan. "Geoexplorer : A free open-source framework for black-box testing and scraping information from geographic services." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-106632.

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This is a report on the development of a free open-source framework. The framework is meant to be used to mainly black-box test and/or scrape information from a geographic service like Google Places, Facebook Places or Foursquare. In reality any service that is based on geographic coordinates can be used with the framewok. Amongst others, the framework offers functionalities like visualisation on-the-fly and logging of different aspects of the service. There are a few similar tools scattered on the world-wide web, but they usually are hard to find and if they are found, they either are not open-source, free or they lack in functionality. Another major drawback is that the available solutions are very generic, and thus limiting their capabilities. The work described here is an attempt for a concise, easy to use, extendible framework solely focused on geographic services. In this report, the technologies used are demonstrated, while at the same time the reasons are given as to why a specific technology was selected in each case. Some documentation is also presented and a few references to the actual code-base in case someone wants to extend Geoexplorer or use it at their organization.

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Rentocchini, Francesco <1978&gt. "Intellectual property rights in the software sector: issues on patents and free/libre open source software." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/501/.

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47

Michlmayr, Martin. "Quality improvement in volunteer free and open source software projects : exploring the impact of release management." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613166.

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Ribeiro, Athos Coimbra. "Ranking source code static analysis warnings for continuous monitoring of free/libre/open source software repositories." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45134/tde-20082018-170140/.

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While there is a wide variety of both open source and proprietary source code static analyzers available in the market, each of them usually performs better in a small set of problems, making it hard to choose one single tool to rely on when examining a program. Combining the analysis of different tools may reduce the number of false negatives, but yields a corresponding increase in the number of false positives (which is already high for many tools). An interesting solution, then, is to filter these results to identify the issues least likely to be false positives. This work presents kiskadee, a system to support the usage of static analysis during software development by providing carefully ranked static analysis reports. First, it runs multiple static analyzers on the source code. Then, using a classification model, the potential bugs detected by the static analyzers are ranked based on their importance, with critical flaws ranked first, and potential false positives ranked last. To train kiskadee\'s classification model, we post-analyze the reports generated by three tools on synthetic test cases provided by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology. To make our technique as general as possible, we limit our data to the reports themselves, excluding other information such as change histories or code metrics. The features extracted from these reports are used to train a set of decision trees using AdaBoost to create a stronger classifier, achieving 0.8 classification accuracy (the combined false positive rate from the used tools was 0.61). Finally, we use this classifier to rank static analyzer alarms based on the probability of a given alarm being an actual bug. Our experimental results show that, on average, when inspecting warnings ranked by kiskadee, one hits 5.2 times less false positives before each bug than when using a randomly sorted warning list.
Embora exista grande variedade de analisadores estáticos de código-fonte disponíveis no mercado, tanto com licenças proprietárias, quanto com licenças livres, cada uma dessas ferramentas mostra melhor desempenho em um pequeno conjunto de problemas distinto, dificultando a escolha de uma única ferramenta de análise estática para analisar um programa. A combinação das análises de diferentes ferramentas pode reduzir o número de falsos negativos, mas gera um aumento no número de falsos positivos (que já é alto para muitas dessas ferramentas). Uma solução interessante é filtrar esses resultados para identificar os problemas com menores probabilidades de serem falsos positivos. Este trabalho apresenta kiskadee, um sistema para promover o uso da análise estática de código fonte durante o ciclo de desenvolvimento de software provendo relatórios de análise estática ranqueados. Primeiramente, kiskadee roda diversos analisadores estáticos no código-fonte. Em seguida, utilizando um modelo de classificação, os potenciais bugs detectados pelos analisadores estáticos são ranqueados conforme sua importância, onde defeitos críticos são colocados no topo de uma lista, e potenciais falsos positivos, ao fim da mesma lista. Para treinar o modelo de classificação do kiskadee, realizamos uma pós-análise nos relatórios gerados por três analisadores estáticos ao analisarem casos de teste sintéticos disponibilizados pelo National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) dos Estados Unidos. Para tornar a técnica apresentada o mais genérica possível, limitamos nossos dados às informações contidas nos relatórios de análise estática das três ferramentas, não utilizando outras informações, como históricos de mudança ou métricas extraídas do código-fonte dos programas inspecionados. As características extraídas desses relatórios foram utilizadas para treinar um conjunto de árvores de decisão utilizando o algoritmo AdaBoost para gerar um classificador mais forte, atingindo uma acurácia de classificação de 0,8 (a taxa de falsos positivos das ferramentas utilizadas foi de 0,61, quando combinadas). Finalmente, utilizamos esse classificador para ranquear os alarmes dos analisadores estáticos nos baseando na probabilidade de um dado alarme ser de fato um bug no código-fonte. Resultados experimentais mostram que, em média, quando inspecionando alarmes ranqueados pelo kiskadee, encontram-se 5,2 vezes menos falsos positivos antes de se encontrar cada bug quando a mesma inspeção é realizada para uma lista ordenada de forma aleatória.

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Birkinbine, Benjamin. "Incorporating the Commons: A Political Economic Analysis of Corporate Involvement in Free and Open Source Software." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/18513.

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Free (libre) and open source software (FLOSS) emerged in the 1980s as a radical alternative to proprietary software. Fighting back against what FLOSS enthusiasts viewed as overly restrictive intellectual property protections placed on proprietary software, FLOSS was designed with the intent of granting users the right to study, modify, adapt, or otherwise tinker with the source code of software. As such, FLOSS users were able to collaborate in producing software that could be distributed freely and widely to others, who could, in turn, make changes to the software. As FLOSS projects grew in popularity, the productive process was spread throughout a broad network of distributed users, all of whom could work on the code. The result of this process was the creation of robust, effective, and efficient forms of software that could compete with those offered by large software companies. Increasingly, however, some of those large software companies became involved in the development of FLOSS projects. On its face, this may seem to be a contradiction of interests. Why would a for-profit company invest in the development of software that is made freely available for others to use? This is the contradiction that lies at the heart of this research project. More specifically, this project looks at the dynamics that exist between communities of FLOSS developers and the corporations that are involved in or make use of their projects. Working from a critical political economy perspective, this study complicates theories of the commons and commons-based peer production by illustrating how FLOSS processes and products are being incorporated into broader corporate structures and strategies. The three case studies presented - Red Hat, Microsoft, and Oracle's acquisition of Sun Microsystems - exemplify different elements of this dynamic. Red Hat provides an example of how a company that relies exclusively on free software can be turned into a profitable business. The Microsoft case demonstrates why the company has undergone a transition from vehement opposition to FLOSS toward a more supportive position. Finally, Oracle's acquisition of Sun Microsystems demonstrates how FLOSS communities cope with changing ownership structures and unwanted corporate interference into their projects.

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Collins, J. Scott. "Static and free-vibrational response of semi-circular graphite- epoxy frames with thin-walled open sections." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40950.

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Abstract:

Experiments were conducted to measure the three-dimensional static and free vibrational response of two graphite-epoxy, thin-walled, open section frames. The frames are semi-circular with a radius of three feet, and one specimen has an I cross section and the other has a channel cross section. The flexibility influence coefficients were measured in static tests for loads applied at midspan with the ends of the specimens clamped. Natural frequencies and modes were determined from vibrational tests for free and clamped end conditions. The experimental data is used to evaluate a new finite element which was developed specifically for the analysis of curved, thin-walled structures. The formulatio of the element is based on a Vlaysov-type, thin-walled, curved beam theory.

The predictions from the finite element program generally correlated well with the experimental data for the symmetric I-specimen. Discrepancies in some of the data were found to be due to flexibility in the â clamped' end conditions. With respect to the data for the channel specimen, the correlation was less satisfactory. The finite element analysis predicted the out-of-plane response of the channel specimen reasonably well, but large discrepancies occurred between the predicted in-plane response and the experimental data. The analysis predicted a much more compliant in-plane response then was observed in the experiments.

Master of Science

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