Journal articles: 'FRCC'

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Lambert, Annie, Magne Østerås, Karine Mandon, Marie-Christine Poggi, and Daniel Le Rudulier. "Fructose Uptake in Sinorhizobium meliloti Is Mediated by a High-Affinity ATP-Binding Cassette Transport System." Journal of Bacteriology 183, no. 16 (August 15, 2001): 4709–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.183.16.4709-4717.2001.

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ABSTRACT By transposon mutagenesis, we have isolated a mutant ofSinorhizobium meliloti which is totally unable to grow on fructose as sole carbon source as a consequence of its inability to transport this sugar. The cloning and sequencing analysis of the chromosomal DNA region flanking the TnphoA insertion revealed the presence of six open reading frames (ORFs) organized in two loci, frcRS and frcBCAK, transcribed divergently. The frcBCA genes encode the characteristic components of an ATP-binding cassette transporter (FrcB, a periplasmic substrate binding protein, FrcC, an integral membrane permease, and FrcA, an ATP-binding cytoplasmic protein), which is the unique high-affinity (Km of 6 μM) fructose uptake system in S. meliloti. The FrcK protein shows homology with some kinases, while FrcR is probably a transcriptional regulator of the repressor-ORF-kinase family. The expression of S. meliloti frcBCAK in Escherichia coli, which transports fructose only via the phosphotransferase system, resulted in the detection of a periplasmic fructose binding activity, demonstrating that FrcB is the binding protein of the Frc transporter. The analysis of substrate specificities revealed that the Frc system is also a high-affinity transporter for ribose and mannose, which are both fructose competitors for the binding to the periplasmic FrcB protein. However, the Frc mutant was still able to grow on these sugars as sole carbon source, demonstrating the presence of at least one other uptake system for mannose and ribose in S. meliloti. The expression of the frcBC genes as determined by measurements of alkaline phosphatase activity was shown to be induced by mannitol and fructose, but not by mannose, ribose, glucose, or succinate, suggesting that the Frc system is primarily targeted towards fructose. Neither Nod nor Fix phenotypes were impared in the TnphoAmutant, demonstrating that fructose uptake is not essential for nodulation and nitrogen fixation, although FrcB protein is expressed in bacteroids isolated from alfalfa nodulated by S. melilotiwild-type strains.

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Fantilli, Alessandro P., Lucia Paternesi Meloni, Tomoya Nishiwaki, and Go Igarashi. "Tailoring Confining Jacket for Concrete Column Using Ultra High Performance-Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites (UHP-FRCC) with High Volume Fly Ash (HVFA)." Materials 12, no. 23 (December 3, 2019): 4010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12234010.

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Ultra-High Performance Fibre-Reinforced Cementitious Composites (UHP-FRCC) show excellent mechanical performances in terms of strength, ductility, and durability. Therefore, these cementitious materials have been successfully used for repairing, strengthening, and seismic retrofitting of old structures. However, UHP-FRCCs are not always environmental friendly products, especially in terms of the initial cost, due to the large quantity of cement that is contained in the mixture. Different rates of fly ash substitute herein part of the cement, and the new UHP-FRCCs are used to retrofit concrete columns to overcome this problem. To simulate the mechanical response of these columns, cylindrical specimens, which are made of normal concrete and reinforced with different UHP-FRCC jackets, are tested in uniaxial compression. Relationships between the size of the jacket, the percentage of cement replaced by fly ash, and the strength of the columns are measured and analyzed by means of the eco-mechanical approach. As a result, a replacement of approximately 50% of cement with fly ash, and a suitable thickness of the UHP-FRCC jacket, might ensure the lowest environmental impact without compromising the mechanical performances.

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Swetnam, Tyson L., and Peter M. Brown. "Comparing selected fire regime condition class (FRCC) and LANDFIRE vegetation model results with tree-ring data." International Journal of Wildland Fire 19, no. 1 (2010): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf08001.

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Fire Regime Condition Class (FRCC) has been developed as a nationally consistent interagency method in the US to assess degree of departure between historical and current fire regimes and vegetation structural conditions across differing vegetation types. Historical and existing vegetation map data also are being developed for the nationwide LANDFIRE project to aid in FRCC assessments. Here, we compare selected FRCC and LANDFIRE vegetation characteristics derived from simulation modeling with similar characteristics reconstructed from tree-ring data collected from 11 forested sites in Utah. Reconstructed reference conditions based on trees present in 1880 compared with reference conditions modeled by the Vegetation Dynamics Development Tool for individual Biophysical Settings (BpS) used in FRCC and LANDFIRE assessments showed significance relationships for ponderosa pine, aspen, and mixed-conifer BpS but not for spruce–fir, piñon–juniper, or lodgepole pine BpS. LANDFIRE map data were found to be ~58% accurate for BpS and ~60% accurate for existing vegetation types. Results suggest that limited sampling of age-to-size relationships by different species may be needed to help refine reference condition definitions used in FRCC assessments, and that more empirical data are needed to better parameterize FRCC vegetation models in especially low-frequency fire types.

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Chen, Zhi Tao, Ying Zi Yang, and Yan Yao. "Effect of Ceramsite on the Dynamic Mechanical Properties of PVA Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composite (PVA-FRCC)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 1507–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.1507.

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The addition of ceramsite aimed to improve the toughness of high strength PVA-FRCC and reduce its weight. The quasi-static and dynamic compressive tests were carried out to obtain the compressive strength and the dynamic response of PVA-FRCC with the addition of ceramsite, respectively. The ceramsite can weaken the compressive strength of PVA-FRCC, the quasi-static compressive strength decrease with the increase of ceramsite volume fraction. With the increase of strain rate, the dynamic peak stress and critical compressive strain increase with different ceramsite volume fraction. At the same strain rate level, the dynamic compressive strength decrease with the increase of ceramsite volume fraction. The critical compressive strain of PVA-FRCC with 3% ceramsite volume fraction have the highest critical compressive strain at different strain rate.

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Del Zoppo, Marta, Costantino Menna, Marco Di Ludovico, and Alberto Balsamo. "Flexural performance of RC columns with FRCC jacketing." E3S Web of Conferences 97 (2019): 03037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199703037.

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A new repair technique consisting on a light jacketing with Fibre Reinforced Cementitious Composites (FRCC) for existing reinforced concrete (RC) buildings has been recently proposed to reduce durability problems of RC members and enhance their capacity. In this work, the effects of FRCC jacketing on the flexural capacity of existing RC columns, with and without a pre-damage, has been evaluated of full-scale specimens under cyclic loading. Digital Imagine Correlation (DIC) was also adopted for understanding the strain distribution in the FRCC jacket. The results shown that the FRCC jacket without a proper anchorage slightly enhanced the flexural capacity of the column. The strengthened column experienced a low damage with respect to control column, but occurrence of premature failures did not allow the achievement of high levels of deformation capacity and ductility.

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Wang, Bing, Jian Guo Dai, and Shi Lang Xu. "Experimental Study on Fracture Behavior of UHTCC Overlay/Concrete Interfaces under Mixed-Mode Loading." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 1277–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.1277.

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Four-point bending tests are conducted on fiber reinforced cementitious composites (FRCC) overlaid concrete beams with a “T” notch. The objective is to evaluate the fracture behavior of the interface between the FRCC and the concrete substrates. Two types of FRCC overlays are prepared including a traditional steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) composite and an ultra high toughness cementitious composite (UHTCC), which has a very high tensile strain capacity. All two types of FRCC are prepared in two forms: cast on-situ and prefabricated. Test results indicate that, in comparison with others, the prefabricated UHTCC overlay system has exhibited most desirable behavior in terms of the energy absorption in the interface as well as the crack distributions in the overlay, and therefore has a great potential for use in repair of concrete structures.

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Karki, Sandhya, M. Arlene A. Adviento-Borbe, Joseph H. Massey, and Michele L. Reba. "Assessing Seasonal Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Furrow-Irrigated Rice with Cover Crops." Agriculture 11, no. 3 (March 19, 2021): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11030261.

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Improved irrigation management is identified as a potential mitigation option for methane (CH4) emissions from rice (Oryza sativa). Furrow-irrigated rice (FR), an alternative method to grow rice, is increasingly adopted in the Mid-South U.S. However, FR may provide a potential risk to yield performance and higher emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O). This study quantified the grain yields, CH4 and N2O emissions from three different water management practices in rice: multiple-inlet rice irrigation (MIRI), FR, and FR with cereal rye (Secale cereale) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) as preceding winter cover crops (FRCC). CH4 and N2O fluxes were measured from May to September 2019 using a static chamber technique. Grain yield from FR (11.8 Mg ha−1) and MIRI (12.0 Mg ha−1) was similar, and significantly higher than FRCC (8.5 Mg ha−1). FR and FRCC drastically reduced CH4 emissions compared to MIRI. Total seasonal CH4 emissions decreased in the order of 44 > 11 > 3 kg CH4-C ha−1 from MIRI, FR, and FRCC, respectively. Cumulative seasonal N2O emissions were low from MIRI (0.1 kg N2O-N ha−1) but significantly higher from FR (4.4 kg N2O-N ha−1) and FRCC (3.0 kg N2O-N ha−1). However, there was no net difference in global warming potential among FR, FRCC and MIRI. These results suggest that the increased N2O flux from furrow-irrigated rice may not greatly detract from the potential benefits that furrow-irrigation offers rice producers.

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SONPRASARN, Passakorn, Wichit PRAKAYPAN, Sureerat POLSILAPA, Nuntaporn KONGKAJUN, Edward A. LAITILA, Nutthita CHUANKRERKKUL, and Parinya CHAKARTNARODOM. "The Influence of Different Crystal Modifiers on Ultra-Low Embodied Energy Curing Fiber-Reinforced Cement Composites." Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals 32, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v32i3.1521.

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Fiber-reinforced cement composites (FRCC) are widely used in the construction of houses and commercial buildings in many countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, the European countries, and the Asian countries such as China, India, and Thailand. Conventionally, the FRCC is manufactured from Portland cement, silica sand, and cellulose fiber using the so-called autoclaved curing under a designate hydrothermal condition to accelerate the hydration reaction resulting in superior properties. However, the autoclave-curing process needs a huge investment and generates highly environmental impact specially greenhouse gases due to its heavy energy consumption. Hence, this research aims to develop the FRCC with lowering embodied energy via the energy-free moisture curing process. The use of different crystal modifiers (CM) including synthetic tobermorite, alumino-silicate complex, and modified lithium compound in addition of the usual FRCC composition to drive the hydration kinetic and then properties achieved were characterized by the relevance of higher heat of hydration. Moreover, scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to reveal the favorable effects of appropriate CM through the microstructure. The results approved that the FRCC with qualified mechanical performance and densified microstructure was successfully produced by using the appropriate moisture curing condition and CM. Additionally, using alumino-silicate complex as CM at 3% of cement weight produced FRCC with the highest modulus of elasticity of 9,067 ± 492 MPa, and the lowest % water absorption of 27.42 ± 1.65 %.

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Nishiwaki, Tomoya, Oscar Mancinelli, Alessandro Pasquale Fantilli, and Yuka Adachi. "Mechanical and Environmental Proprieties of UHP-FRCC Panels Bonded to Existing Concrete Beams." Sustainability 13, no. 6 (March 11, 2021): 3085. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063085.

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Among the techniques used to retrofit existing reinforced concrete structures, methods involving Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites (UHP-FRCC) are widely regarded. However, current practices make the use of this material for in-situ application expensive and complicated to perform. Accordingly, a new method to strengthen existing concrete beams by applying a precast UHP-FRCC layer on the bottom side are introduced and described herein. Two test campaigns are performed with the aim of defining the best conditions at the interface between the reinforcing layer and the existing beam and to reducing the environmental impact of UHP-FRCC mixtures. As a result, the eco-mechanical analysis reveals that the best performances are attained when the adhesion at interface is enhanced by means of steel nails on the upper surface of the UHP-FRCC layer, in which 20% of the cement is replaced by fly ash.

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Kanakubo, Toshiyuki, Takumi Koba, and Kohei Yamada. "Flexural Characteristics of Functionally Graded Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composite with Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber." Journal of Composites Science 5, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs5040094.

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The objective of this study is to investigate the flexural characteristics of functionally graded fiber-reinforced cementitious composite (FG-FRCC) concerning the fiber volume fraction (Vf) varying in layers and the layered effect in bending specimens. The FG-FRCC specimens, in which Vf increases from 0% in the compression zone to 2% in the tensile zone, are three-layered specimens using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) FRCC that are fabricated and tested by a four-point bending test. The maximum load of the FG-FRCC specimens exhibits almost twice that of homogeneous specimens, even when the average of the fiber volume fraction in the whole specimen is 1%. The result of the section analysis, in which the stress–strain models based on the bridging law (tensile stress–crack width relationship owned by the fibers) consider the fiber orientation effect, shows a good adaptability with the experiment result.

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Kanakubo, Toshiyuki, Haohui Shi, and Jin Wang. "Influence of Matrix Strength on Bridging Performance of Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composite with Bundled Aramid Fiber." Journal of Composites Science 6, no. 5 (April 28, 2022): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs6050131.

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The bundled aramid fiber has good bond properties in the cementitious matrix, and is expected to have high bridging performance in the fiber-reinforced cementitious composite (FRCC). To investigate the influence of matrix strength on the bridging performance of FRCC with the bundled aramid fiber, the uniaxial tension test of FRCC, the pullout test for an individual fiber, and the calculation of bridging law are conducted with the main parameters of matrix strength and fiber volume fraction. From the test results, the maximum tensile load of FRCC and the maximum pullout load of an individual fiber increase as the matrix strength also increases. The calculation result of the bridging law considering the effect of matrix strength expresses the bridging performance of the bundled aramid fiber well. The calculation result also shows that the bridging strength has a linear relationship up to a compressive strength of around 50 MPa.

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Nithipaiboon, Juthamat, Wichit Prakaypan, Parinya Chakartnarodom, Edward A Laitila, and Nuntaporn Kongkajun. "Impact of the Hybrid-Aluminum Additive on the Hydration Kinetics of Portland Cement in Fiber-Reinforced Cement Composites." Suan Sunandha Science and Technology Journal 10, no. 1 (January 6, 2023): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.53848/ssstj.v10i1.430.

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A hybrid-aluminum additive (HAA) synthesized from industrial wastes including aluminum dross and flue gas desulfurized (FGD) gypsum was used as an additive for fiber-reinforced cement composites (FRCC). The impact of this additive on hydration kinetics was observed by the temperature change over time for the various HAA mixtures with ordinary Portland cement (OPC), sand, cellulose fibers, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers, and water, based on the method described in ASTM C186-98. The results showed that the hydration kinetics of OPC in the FRCC was improved by using HAA. In addition, when the amount of HAA was at 3% of the OPC weight, the hydration reaction rate was improved by 41%. The HAA additive acted as an accelerating agent by shortening the setting time and enhancing the temperature of the hydration reaction. This suggests that the cement paste can set faster, reducing the cycle time in FRCC processing. Even though further addition of the HAA increased the reaction rate, the setting time of OPC was too short to form a green sheet for the actual production of FRCC on an industrial scale. In addition, the heat released during the test, representing by the temperature change of the sample, was too high which could have a negative impact on the finished FRCC products.

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Radman, Sanja, and Igor Jerković. "Volatile Organic Compound Profiles of Cystoseira corniculata (Turner) Zanardini 1841 and Ericaria amentacea (C.Agardh) Molinari and Guiry 2020 (ex. Cystoseira amentacea (C.Agardh) Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1832)." Molecules 27, no. 20 (October 21, 2022): 7131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27207131.

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The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of fresh (FrCC) and air-dried (DrCC) Cystoseria corniculata and fresh (FrEA) and air-dried (DrEA) Ericaria amentacea from the Adriatic Sea were investigated by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and hydrodistillation (HD) and analysed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In HS-FrCC and HS-DrCC, aliphatic compounds were dominant, with decan-5-ol as the most abundant in HS-FrCC, but in HS-DrCC pentadecane dominated. Monoterpenes (β-cyclocitral, β-citral, and β-cyclohomocitral) and sesquiterpenes (cubenol) were abundant in HS-FrCC. Notable differences between fresh and air-dried samples were found for benzene derivatives. Fatty acids and their derivatives were the most abundant in HD-FrCC and HD-DrCC. In HS-FrEA and HS-DrEA, saturated aliphatic compounds as well as unsaturated aliphatic compounds (particularly hexan-1-ol and (Z)-hex-3-en-1-ol) predominantly showed decrements after drying. Pentadecane, heptadecane, pentadecanal, and hexan-1-ol were predominant in HD-FrEA, and their percentage decreased in HD-DrEA. The percentage of monoterpenes decreased after drying, but the percentages of diterpenes and especially sesquiterpenes increased. δ-Selinene was the major terpene and the most abundant in HD-DrEA. A significant increment after drying could be noticed for fatty acids and their derivatives. The great diversity of identified VOCs among these two macroalgae supports their different botanical classifications.

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Thibodeaux, Noah, Daniel E. Guerrero, Jose L. Lopez, Matthew J. Bandelt, and Matthew P. Adams. "Effect of Cold Plasma Treatment of Polymer Fibers on the Mechanical Behavior of Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composites." Fibers 9, no. 10 (October 18, 2021): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib9100062.

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Fiber-reinforced cementitious composites (FRCC) are a class of materials made by adding randomly distributed fibers to a cementitious matrix, providing better material toughness through the crack bridging behavior of the fibers. One of the primary concerns with FRCCs is the behavior of the fiber when a crack is formed. The fibers provide a stress-bridging mechanism, which is largely determined by the bond that exists between the concrete and the fiber’s outer surface. While many studies have determined the properties of FRCCs and potential benefits of using specific fiber types, the effects of low temperature or cold plasma treatment of polymer fibers on the mechanical behavior of the composite material are limited. Polymer fibers are notable for their low density, ductility, ease of manufacture, and cost-effectiveness. Despite these advantages, the surface properties of polymers do not enable the bonding potential given by steel or glass fibers when used in untreated FRCC, resulting in pull-out failures before the full displacement capacity of the fiber is utilized. For this reason, modification of the surface characteristics of polymer fibers can aid in higher bonding potential. Plasma treatment is a process wherein surfaces are modified through the kinetics of electrically charged and reactive species in a gaseous discharge environment. This paper is a preliminary study on the use of atmospheric pressure plasma generated at approximately room temperature. This atmospheric, cold plasma treatment is a method for improving the mechanical properties of FRCC using polymeric fibers. In this study, polypropylene and polyvinyl-alcohol fibers were cold plasma treated for 0, 30, 60, and 120 s before being used in cementitious mortar mixtures. Compression and flexure tests were performed using a displacement-based loading protocol to examine the impact of plasma treatment time on the corresponding mechanical performance of the fiber-reinforced cementitious composite. The experimental results obtained from this study indicate that there is a positive correlation between fiber treatment time and post-peak load-carrying capacity, especially for specimens subjected to flexural loading.

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Digre, Kathleen, and Charles Maxner. "Aditya Vikram Mishra, MD, FRCC (1961–2017)." Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology 39, no. 2 (June 2019): e6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wno.0000000000000756.

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Zhang, Peng, Peishuo Zhang, Jingjiang Wu, Yong Zhang, and Jinjun Guo. "Mechanical Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composites after High-Temperature Exposure." Gels 8, no. 10 (October 17, 2022): 662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8100662.

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The mechanical properties of cementitious composites before and after exposure to high temperature are affected by calcium–silicate–hydrate (C–S–H) gels. To evaluate the effects of high temperature, plyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber content, and the cooling method on properties of cementitious composites, physical, mechanical, and microscopic tests were performed in this study. The target temperatures were 25, 100, 200, 300, 400, 600, and 800 °C. The PVA fiber contents were 0.0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, and 1.5 vol%. The high-temperature resistance of PVA fiber-reinforced cementitious composite (PVA-FRCC) specimens was investigated through changes in their appearance, mass loss, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and microstructure. The results showed that PVA fibers reduced the probability of explosion spalling in the PVA-FRCC specimens exposed to high temperatures. The mass loss rate of samples exposed to temperatures below 200 °C was small and lower than 5%, whereas a significant mass loss was observed at 200 °C to 800 °C. A small rise in the cubic compressive and splitting tensile strengths of samples was found at 400 °C and 300 °C, respectively. Below 400 °C, the fibers were beneficial to the mechanical strength of the PVA-FRCC specimens. Nevertheless, when the temperature was heated above 400 °C, melted fibers created many pores and channels, which caused a decrease in the strength of the specimens. The method of cooling with water could aggravate the damage to the cementitious composites exposed to temperatures above 200 °C. High temperature could lead to the decomposition of the C–S–H gels of the PVA-FRCC samples, which makes C–S–H gels lose their bonding ability. From the perspective of the microstructure, the structure of PVA-FRCC samples exposed to 600 °C and 800 °C became loose and the number of microcracks increased, which confirmed the reduction in macro-mechanical properties.

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Garg, Mohit, Pejman Azarsa, and Rishi Gupta. "Self-Healing Potential and Post-Cracking Tensile Behavior of Polypropylene Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composites." Journal of Composites Science 5, no. 5 (May 7, 2021): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs5050122.

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The use of synthetic fibers as reinforcement in fiber-reinforced cementitious composites (FRCC) demonstrates a combination of better ductile response vis-à-vis metallic ones, enhanced durability in a high pH environment, and resistance to corrosion as well as self-healing capabilities. This study explores the effect of macro- and micro-scale polypropylene (PP) fibers on post-crack energy, ductility, and the self-healing potential of FRCC. Laboratory results indicate a significant change in fracture response, i.e., loss in ductility as curing time increases. PP fiber samples cured for 2 days demonstrated ductile fracture behavior, controllable crack growth during tensile testing, post-cracking behavior, and a regain in strength owing to FRCC’s self-healing mechanism. Different mixes of FRCC suggest an economical mixing methodology, where the strong bond between the PP fibers and cementitious matrix plays a key role in improving the tensile strength of the mortar. Additionally, the micro PP fiber samples demonstrate resistance to micro-crack propagation, observed as an increase in peak load value and shape deformation during compression and tensile tests. Notably, low volume fraction of macro-scale PP fibers in FRCC revealed higher post-crack energy than the higher dosage of micro-scale PP fibers. Lastly, few samples with a crack of < 0.5 mm exhibited a self-healing mechanism, and upon testing, the healed specimens illustrated higher strain values.

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Rangel-López, Lenin, Nallely Rivero-Perez, Benjamín Valladares-Carranza, Agustín Olmedo-Juárez, Lucía Delgadillo-Ruiz, Vicente Vega-Sánchez, Sawako Hori-Oshima, Mohamed A. Nassan, Gaber El-Saber Batiha, and Adrian Zaragoza-Bastida. "Antibacterial Potential of Caesalpinia coriaria (Jacq) Willd Fruit against Aeromonas spp. of Aquaculture Importance." Animals 12, no. 4 (February 18, 2022): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12040511.

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Aquaculture is an important source of food and livelihood for hundreds of millions of people around the world, however, aquaculture systems are affected by different factors, among them the appearance of resistant or multiresistant bacteria to antimicrobials. The secondary metabolites of plants have been proposed as alternatives for the treatment of these bacteria. The aim of the present study was to determine the antibacterial activity of Caesalpinia coriaria fruit hydroalcoholic extract and gallic acid over Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas veronii, and Aeromonas dhakensis to identify new molecules for the treatment of diseases caused by Aeromonas spp. The C. coriaria fruit hydroalcoholic extract (HECc) was obtained by hydroalcoholic maceration and subjected to bipartition with ethyl acetate and water to obtain an aqueous fraction (Ac-FrCc) and an organic fraction (Ac-FrEtCc); gallic acid was purchased commercially. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), MBC/MIC ratio, and cytotoxicity of HECc, its fractions, and gallic acid were determined. The results indicate that HECc fractions (Ac-FrCc and Ac-FrEtCc) and gallic acid have bactericidal activity against A. hydrophila and A. dhakensis, but only gallic acid showed bactericidal activity against A. veronii. The HECc and Ac-FrCc showed no toxicity, Ac-FrEtCc showed low toxicity, and gallic acid showed medium toxicity. The HECc, Ac-FrCc, and Ac-FrEtCc may be alternatives for the treatment of diseases caused by the genus Aeromonas, however, in vivo assays are necessary to corroborate these results.

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Vigil, Ofilio Ramon, Dana Ann Little, Kristin J. Mensonides, and Richard J. Bold. "The cancer care network clinical trials program: Rising from the camp fire ashes." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 27_suppl (September 20, 2019): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.27_suppl.168.

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168 Background: The UC Davis Health Cancer Care Network (CCN) in Sacramento improves quality through partnerships with community cancer centers and the UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center (UCDCCC). The UCDCCC, as an NCI Lead Academic Participating Site (LAPS) grant recipient, lists Adventist Health Rideout Cancer Center (RCC) in Marysville (42 miles north of Sacramento) as a component. The Adventist Health Feather River Cancer Center (FRCC) and the town of Paradise were devastated by the 2018 Camp Fire, forcing FRCC’s relocation to the city of Chico (49 miles north of Marysville). FRCC was forced to disband its local IRB and unable to continue clinical trials research operations during the aftermath of this natural disaster. The CCN established an affiliation with the FRCC in April 2019. Future plans include establishing an IRB agreement and adding FRCC as a LAPS component. The CCN identified strategies to facilitate the participation of FRCC patients in clinical trials. Methods: The CCN identified 13 NCTN clinical trials with 34 enrolled patients that were in need of appropriate research oversight. Four of these trials were previously never activated at the UCDCCC or its affiliates. CCN staff engaged leaders at the various institutions involved: Quality Assurance (QA) Managers at each NCTN research base, the CIRB, the local IRB, the CTSU, and other leaders within UC Davis and Adventist Health. Results: Stakeholders acknowledged the unusual and urgent nature of our requests and questions, while contributing to the development of a plan allowing patients to continue clinical trial participation. QA managers approved a plan transferring patients to the RCC, allowing research staff to collect and submit data while patients continue receiving care closer to home. Together we developed a notification letter to inform patients of this plan. Conclusions: The relocation of facilities and patients brought rare challenges while conducting clinical research in rural communities. We learned that the cooperation and flexibility of all parties involved was crucial in supporting the continued care for FRCC's clinical trial patients and research contributions.

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Provencher, Louis, Jeff Campbell, and Jan Nachlinger. "Implementation of mid-scale fire regime condition class mapping." International Journal of Wildland Fire 17, no. 3 (2008): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf07066.

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We used mid-scale Fire Regime Condition Class (FRCC) mapping to provide Hawthorne Army Depot in the Mount Grant area of Nevada, USA, with data layers to plan fuels restoration projects to meet resource management goals. FRCC mapping computes an index of the departure of existing conditions from the natural range of variability, and consists of five primary steps: (1) mapping the Potential Natural Vegetation Types (PNVT) based on interpretation of a soil survey; (2) refining PNVTs based on additional information; (3) modelling the natural range of variability (NRV) per PNVT; (4) using field verification, calculation and mapping of departure of current distribution of structural vegetation classes interpreted by remote sensing (IKONOS 4-m resolution satellite imagery) from the NRV; and (5) mapping structural vegetation classes that differ from reference conditions. Pinyon–juniper and mountain mahogany woodlands were found within the NRV, whereas departure increased from moderate for low and big sagebrush PNVTs and mixed desert shrub to high for riparian mountain meadow. Several PNVTs showed departures that were close to FRCC class limits. The common recommendation to reach the NRV was to decrease the percentage of late-development closed and cheatgrass-dominant classes, thus increasing the percentage of early and mid-development classes.

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Plowman, P. N. "Arthur Edward Jones, MD, FRCP, FRCS, FRCR, DMRT, HonFACR." Medical and Pediatric Oncology 34, no. 2 (February 2000): 85–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-911x(200002)34:2<85::aid-mpo1>3.0.co;2-o.

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22

MIHASHI, Hirozo, Noriaki NOMURA, and Kazuki KIRIKOSHI. "MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FRCC ON THE BASIS OF FRACTURE MECHANICS." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 449 (1993): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijsx.449.0_1.

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23

Negus, David. "Michael Lea Thomas, MA, MB, BChir, FRCP, FRCR, FRCS(Eng)." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 7, no. 3 (September 1992): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026835559200700319.

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24

du Boulay, George. "Dr. James W.D. Bull CBE; MA, MD, FRCP, FRCS, FRCR." Neuroradiology 29, no. 6 (November 1987): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00350428.

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25

Kikuta, Takatsune, and Tomoya Nishiwaki. "Effect of Twisted and Coiled Polymer Actuator (TCPA) on Crack Dispersion Properties of HPFRCC." Materials 15, no. 16 (August 18, 2022): 5701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15165701.

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To achieve high durability and excellent mechanical performances of cementitious materials, research on fiber-reinforced cementitious composites (FRCC) containing various fibers has been actively conducted. On the other hand, in robotics and other fields, research on artificial muscles using Twisted and Coiled Polymer Actuator (TCPA), which have similar functions to human muscle fibers, has attracted much attention. In this study, use of this TCPA as a reinforcing fiber in high performance FRCC (HPFRCC) was proposed. The employed TCPA has a structure of coiled nylon fibers with wrapping stainless-steel fibers. The effect of the TCPA and its shrinkage motion on the crack dispersion properties of HPFRCC was investigated. The experimental results showed that the strain-hardening with multiple cracks in HPFRCC continued up to more than 7% of the ultimate strain when the TCPA was electrically stimulated to shrinkage motion. This information indicates that the TCPA has high potential to further improve HPFRCC performance.

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26

Corinaldesi, Valeria, Jacopo Donnini, and Glauco Merlonetti. "Early-Age Behaviour of Fiber Reinforced High Performance Concretes." International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering 4, no. 2 (June 19, 2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24178/ijare.2018.4.2.07.

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The aim of this experimental activity was to study the early-age behavior of several Fiber-Reinforced Concretes (FRCs) containing expansive agent. The investigation concerned the evaluation of the influence of different amounts of fibers (dosages of 2.0%, 1.75% and 1.5% by volume of FRCC) on the mechanical performance of FRCs. In particular, hooked brass-coated fibers were used and dead-burnt calcium oxide based expansive agent was employed at a dosage of 40 kg/m3. The attention was focused on the strength development at early ages. Mechanical tests were carried out at 0.25 (i.e. 6 hours, that is time of demolding), 1, 2, 7 up to 28 days of curing. The properties of FRCs were characterized at the fresh state, by measuring flow ability and consistency as well as at hardened state by measuring compressive and flexural strength up to 28 days. Flexural strength was measured on prismatic specimens according to the procedure described in EN 12390-5. The different dosage of fibers did not influence the values of compressive strength, while there is a significant difference in terms of 28-day flexural strength between the several mixtures depending on the different amount of fibers. In all cases at least 20 MPa of 28-day peak flexural strength were achieved.

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27

Choi, Heesup, and Hyeonggil Choi. "Self-Healing Properties of Fiber-Reinforced Cement Composite (FRCC) Depending on Various Curing Conditions." Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction 16, no. 4 (August 20, 2016): 289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5345/jkibc.2016.16.4.289.

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28

Del Zoppo, Marta, Marco Di Ludovico, Alberto Balsamo, and Andrea Prota. "Comparative Analysis of Existing RC Columns Jacketed with CFRP or FRCC." Polymers 10, no. 4 (March 24, 2018): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10040361.

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29

KODA, Marina, Hirozo MIHASHI, Tomoya NISHIWAKI, and Takatune KIKUTA. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON SELF-HEALING CAPABILITY OF FRCC USING SYNTHETIC FIBERS." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 76, no. 667 (2011): 1547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.76.1547.

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30

Jogl, Marcel, Jaroslava Koťátková, and Pavel Reiterman. "Differences in the Mechanical Properties of Lightweight Refractory Cementitious Composites Reinforced by Various Types of Fibers." Key Engineering Materials 677 (January 2016): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.677.29.

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Development of new composite materials is the worldwide extremely progressive branch of engineering activity. Composite materials are applied in many industries. The principle of composite materials is a combination of different materials providing an entirely new material with specific properties. Fiber-reinforced composites rank to the most frequently used composites because of their suitable mechanical properties. There were studied mechanical properties of fibre reinforced cementitious composites (FRCC) exposed to high temperatures of 600 °C and 1000 °C in the paper. For the production of refractory FRCC were used aluminous cement Secar®71 with 70 % of Al2O3. Various composites differed in the used type of fibers - basalt, carbon and ceramic fibres were applied in doses of 2 % by volume. For the experimental program were prepared prismatic specimens with the total dimensions of 40 × 40 × 160 mm3 and cured for 28 days in humid environment. Residual bulk density, flexural and compressive strength were investigated in the performed experimental program. The results showed the positive effect of the fibers used in refractory composition and the dependence on the length of the used fibers.

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31

Waiter, Gordon D., Fiona J. Gilbert, Alison Murray, and Beverly MacLennan. "Francis William Smith, MD , FRCR , FRCS , FRCP , FFSEM ( UK ) (1943–2022)." Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 57, no. 1 (December 13, 2022): 324–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmri.28552.

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32

Krishna Rao, S., P. Sravana, and T. Chandrasekhar Rao. "Relation between Cantabro Loss and Surface Abrasion Resistance of Fly Ash Roller Compacted Concrete (FRCC)." Advanced Engineering Forum 16 (April 2016): 52–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.16.52.

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In this paper an attempt has been made to know the effect of Fly Ash (FA) on Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) properties like strength and abrasion resistance. The Cement was partially replaced by three kinds of replacements (20%, 40% and 60%) of class F Fly Ash. The RCC mixtures were designed to have a 28 days flexural strength of 5.0 N/mm2. The specimens were subjected to two types of abrasion resistance tests such as Contabro test and surface abrasion resistance test with rotating cutter besides Compressive and Flexural strength tests. Experimental results shows that the Cantabro loss and surface abrasion loss were increased with increase in Fly Ash content in relation with the strength of roller compacted concrete pavement at the ages from 7days to 180days compared to control mix concrete. Equations were established based on compressive strength and flexural strength which were influenced by cement replacement by Fly Ash and developed to predict abrasion resistance of FRCC at any age. Also a relationship was established between Cantabro loss and surface abrasion loss of FRCC regardless of age and percent replacement of Fly Ash.

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33

Sunaga, Daiki, Takumi Koba, and Toshiyuki Kanakubo. "Modeling of Bridging Law for Bundled Aramid Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composite and its Adaptability in Crack Width Evaluation." Materials 14, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14010179.

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Tensile performance of fiber-reinforced cementitious composite (FRCC) after first cracking is characterized by fiber-bridging stress–crack width relationships called bridging law. The bridging law can be calculated by an integral calculus of forces carried by individual fibers, considering the fiber orientation. The objective of this study was to propose a simplified model of bridging law for bundled aramid fiber, considering fiber orientation for the practical use. By using the pullout characteristic of bundled aramid fiber obtained in the previous study, the bridging laws were calculated for various cases of fiber orientation. The calculated results were expressed by a bilinear model, and each characteristic point is expressed by the function of fiber-orientation intensity. After that, uniaxial tension tests of steel reinforced aramid-FRCC prism specimens were conducted to obtain the crack-opening behavior and confirm the adaptability of the modeled bridging laws in crack-width evaluation. The experimental parameters are cross-sectional dimensions of specimens and volume fraction of fiber. The test results are compared with the theoretical curves calculated by using the modeled bridging law and show good agreements in each parameter.

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34

Ballance, John. "Thomas Cecil Gray CBE KCSG FRCP FRCS FRCA and Gordon Jackson Rees FRCA FRCP FRCPCH: Major contributors to post-resuscitation care." Resuscitation 71, no. 2 (November 2006): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2006.07.014.

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35

Otsuka, Koji, Hirozo Mihashi, Masakazu Kiyota, Satoshi Mori, and Atsushi Kawamata. "Observation of Multiple Cracking in Hybrid FRCC at Micro and Meso Levels." Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology 1, no. 3 (2003): 291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3151/jact.1.291.

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36

Fantilli, Alessandro P., Hirozo Mihashi, and Paolo Vallini. "Crack profile in RC, R/FRCC and R/HPFRCC members in tension." Materials and Structures 40, no. 10 (January 23, 2007): 1099–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1617/s11527-006-9208-7.

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37

Kanakubo, Toshiyuki, Saki Echizen, Jin Wang, and Yu Mu. "Pullout Behavior of Bundled Aramid Fiber in Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composite." Materials 13, no. 7 (April 9, 2020): 1746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13071746.

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The tensile performance of fiber-reinforced cementitious composite (FRCC) after first matrix cracking is characterized by a tensile stress–crack width relationship called the bridging law. The bridging law can be obtained by an integral calculus of forces carried by individual bridging fibers considering the effect of the fiber inclination angle. The main objective of this study is to investigate experimentally and evaluate the pullout behavior of a single aramid fiber, which is made with a bundling of original yarns of aramid fiber. The bundled aramid fiber has a nonsmooth surface, and it is expected to have good bond performance with the matrix. The test variables in the pullout test are the thickness of the matrix and the inclined angle of the fiber. From the test results, the pullout load–slip curves showed that the load increases lineally until maximum load, after which it decreases gradually. The maximum pullout load and slip at the maximum load increase as the embedded length of the fiber becomes larger. The pullout load–crack width relationship is modeled by a bilinear model, and the bridging law is calculated. The calculated result shows good agreement with the experimental curves obtained by the uniaxial tension test of aramid–FRCC.

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38

Heine, Michael, and Hansjörg Herr. "Money Makes the World Go Round." PROKLA. Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialwissenschaft 26, no. 103 (June 1, 1996): 197–225. http://dx.doi.org/10.32387/prokla.v26i103.925.

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The mticle critizises the marxist thesis, that the monetary system has been broken frcc from the real economic sphere. But the authors agree that there are quantitative and qualitative new developments in the financial markets, particularly since the Bretton-Woods-system has col!apsed. These developments are described and analysed. lt is discussed, if these changcs threaten the stability of the economic system. The mticle concludes with some proposals for a new monetary policy.

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39

Martynova, Milena V., Margorita V. Petrovskaya, Marina V. Stern, Alexandr S. Kulikov, Elena V. Milovanova, and Marina V. Petrova. "Analysis of the structure of psycho-emotional disorders in patients with consequences of CVA who underwent rehabilitation at the FSCCRR in conditions of social and communicative deprivation." Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation 3, no. 3 (October 23, 2021): 281–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.36425/rehab80122.

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Introduction: Patients of FRCC ICMRR undergo rehabilitation after "cerebral accidents" of acute cerebrovascular accident (ACVA), Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), brain surgery. During the pandemic COVID-19 (20202021), the hard situation of patients dealing with the disease is made more difficult by the visits ban in the hospital. Patients are forced to stay a month or more of loneliness, away from family and loved ones, in conditions of "isolation". Aims: Was to identify the frequency of occurrence and severity of anxiety and depressive disorders among patients caused by a long stay in the hospital, limited communication with relatives due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: The study group consisted of 132 patients of the Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitation (FRCC ICMRR) who were hospitalized during the COVID-19 pandemic (from May 2020 to April 2021); the comparison group consisted of 104 patients who were treated in the FRCC ICMRR in 2019. After studying the medical documentation, 2 groups of patients were formed: the study group of 21 people and the comparison group of 24 people with an identical distribution by gender and age, by the severity of neurological deficit (mild and moderate severity of the lesion), localization of the process, criteria of social activity. The following methods were used in the study: organizational-comparative method; empirical-observation, conversation, questionnaire; psychodiagnostic methods-tests (ODS-2, HADS, STAI), the method of expert assessments, a qualitative method of data processing (differentiation of material by groups, its analysis). Results: The stress of hospitalisation and unvoluntary isolation makes patients mental health much worse, causes mental maladjustment, and often manifests itself in the development of anxiety-depressive pathopsychological symptoms: the frequency of occurrence of personal anxiety increased by 3 times; the severity of the symptoms of situational anxiety increased by 1.5 times, no cases of neurosis were detected among patients of both groups. Conclusions: To reduce the negative consequences of psycho-emotional stress from unvoluntary isolation, to prevent the formation of social-stress disorder, it is necessary to carry out a number of activities not only in a separate institution, but also at the global level.

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40

Tolou Kian, Mohammad, Sina Ghazizadeh, and Carlos Cruz Noguez. "An Experimental Investigation of FRCC Shear Walls Reinforced with Steel and GFRP Bars." Journal of Composites Science 2, no. 3 (September 10, 2018): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs2030055.

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Contemporary structures can resist earthquakes as they deform and dissipate energy. However, during strong ground motions, these structures can sustain significant concrete damage and overall permanent deformations. Therefore, it is of great benefit if earthquake-resisting structures can deform and dissipate energy, and yet sustain mitigated damage. This paper illustrates the findings of an experimental study focused on the mitigation of damage and reduction of residual displacements in reinforced concrete (RC) shear walls. In this study, the cyclic properties of two innovative shear walls—a slender and a squat wall—which were cast with fiber-reinforced cementitious composites and reinforced with steel and glass fiber reinforced polymer bars are investigated. Then, the improvements of the innovative specimens with respect to two conventional RC shear walls are discussed in terms of damage propagation, self-centering, stiffness retention and energy dissipation. As the experiments showed, the innovative walls sustained mitigated concrete damage and less residual drift ratios while illustrating significant stiffness and energy dissipation capacities.

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41

He, Jianqiang, Qing Wang, Boyu Yao, and Johnny Ho. "Mechanical properties of high strength POM-FRCC and its performance under elevated temperatures." Construction and Building Materials 290 (July 2021): 123177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.123177.

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42

Bediwy, Ahmed, Karam Mahmoud, and Ehab El-Salakawy. "Structural behavior of FRCC layered deep beams reinforced with GFRP headed-end bars." Engineering Structures 243 (September 2021): 112648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.112648.

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43

Hu, Xiao Dong, Robert Day, and Peter Dux. "Micro-mechanical approximation to the stress field around an inclined fiber of FRCC." Mechanics Research Communications 29, no. 1 (January 2002): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0093-6413(02)00226-4.

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44

Lee, Yae-Chan, Gyu-Yong Kim, Jeong-Soo Nam, Hong-Seop Kim, and Sang-Kyu Lee. "The Effect of Fiber on the Pull-Out Behavior and Tensile Performance of FRCC." Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute 33, no. 4 (August 31, 2021): 411–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4334/jkci.2021.33.4.411.

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45

Nishiwaki, Tomoya, Marina Koda, Makoto Yamada, Hirozo Mihashi, and Takatsune Kikuta. "Experimental Study on Self-Healing Capability of FRCC Using Different Types of Synthetic Fibers." Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology 10, no. 6 (June 21, 2012): 195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3151/jact.10.195.

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46

Signorini, Cesare, and Andrea Nobili. "Durability of fibre-reinforced cementitious composites (FRCC) including recycled synthetic fibres and rubber aggregates." Applications in Engineering Science 9 (March 2022): 100077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apples.2021.100077.

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47

Pan, Zhang, Xiaohui Zeng, and Zhongwei Hu. "Effect of Fly Ash and Silica Fume on Mechanical Properties of High-Performance FRCC." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 562 (August 8, 2019): 012048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/562/1/012048.

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48

Pearson, Michael, and Nicola Strickland. "Basil Strickland, FRCP, FRCR." Clinical Radiology 52, no. 6 (June 1997): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-9260(97)80023-2.

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49

Yang, Hui Xian, Jing Li, and Yan Sheng Huang. "Study on the Mechanical Properties of High Performance Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composite (HFRCC) under Impact Loading." Key Engineering Materials 629-630 (October 2014): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.629-630.79.

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The dynamic material properties of high performance hybrid fiber reinforced cementitious composites (HFRCC) with various volumetric fractions of steel and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers were studied by the Split Hopkinson Press Bar (SHPB) test. The results show that HFRCC with higher volumetric fraction of steel fibers are more sensitive to stain rate and the dynamic compressive strength increase more prominently with the strain rate increasing, but peak strain shows the opposite trend. The PVA fibers increase the ductility of HFRCC more effectively than steel fibers. Compared to PVA fiber reinforced cementitious composites (FRCC), HFRCC present better dynamic material properties under impact loading.

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50

Hanif, Faizal, and Toshiyuki Kanakubo. "Shear Performance of Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composites Beam-Column Joint Using Various Fibers." Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum 3, no. 2 (September 12, 2017): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jcef.26571.

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Increasing demands of reinforcement in the joint panel are now requiring more effective system to reduce the complicated fabrication by widely used precast system. The joint panel is responsible to keep the load transfer through beam and column as a crucial part in a structural frame that ensures the main feature of the whole structure during earthquake. Since precast system might reduce the joint panel monolithic integrity and stiffness, an innovation by adding fiber into the grouting system will give a breakthrough. The loading test of precast concrete beam-column joints using FRCC (Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composites) in joint panel was conducted to evaluate the influences of fiber towards shear performance. The experimental factor is fiber types with same volume fraction in mortar matrix of joint panel. Two specimens with Aramid-fiber and PP-fiber by two percent of volume fraction are designed to fail by shear failure in joint panel by reversed cyclic testing method. The comparison amongst those experiment results by various parameters for the shear performance of FRCC beam-column joints using various fibers are discussed. Preceding specimens was using no fiber, PVA fiber, and steel fiber has been carried out. Through the current experimental results and the comparison with previous experiment results, it can be recognized that by using fibers in joint panel was observed qualitatively could prevent crack widening with equitable and smaller crack width, improved the shear capacity by widening the hysteretic area, increased maximum load in positive loading and negative loading, and decreased the deformation rate. Elastic modulus properties of fiber are observed to give the most impact towards shear performance.

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Journal articles on the topic 'FRCC'

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