Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'France - Napoleon I, 1804-1815'
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Housset, Georges. "La garde d'honneur de 1813-1814 : histoire du corps et de ses soldats." Paris, EPHE, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPHE4048.
Full textComing within the senatus-consulte of the 3d of april 1813 that requires 180. 000 men meant to bring the army at full strength, the operation that interests us is compulsory and exceptional conscription : the guard of honour must provide four regiments of 2. 500 sabres each, with soldiers recruited from the upper classes of the empire. Apart from the name, there is nothing in common between this corps, endowed with pronounced national and military characteristics and the guard of honour of the towns set up as soon as 1802, made up of local volunteers. This extraordinary institution, since it is especially designed to motivate the enlistment of the sons of notables whereas thanks to the replacement system they usually do their best to shirk military service could only originate in extraordinary circumstances. And this is precisely the case just after the Russian adventure during which the army numbers melted away and the MALET's matter that demonstrated the frailty of the regime. Even the promise to become second lieutenant after twelve months of presence in the corps does not seem to has been sufficient to attract the sons of the well-off of the counties. Moreover we can assert that the connivance established between the gentility and the prefect in charge of the organization of the guard of honour produced results that did not meet the emperor's expectations as for the men's worth and the financial plan used. However this raising provided Napoleon with four additional regiments at no cost that performed their duty very honourably in 1813 and 1814 in spite of the many difficulties of organization due to the problems of the time
Vial, Charles-Eloi. "Les chasses des souverains en France (1804-1830)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040222.
Full textHunting had always been the privileged activity of kings since the mediaeval period, and for the later Bourbons it became a consuming passion. Indeed Louis XV and Louis XVI were to be criticized by a proto public opinion ; it was thought that hunts were expensive and that they distracted the rulers from the duties of government. The royal hunts disappeared with the fall of the monarchy. But Napoleon, with his desire to appropriate the outward show of monarchical legitimacy, brought it back. Marshal Berthier was appointed Grand veneur and given the task of organizing the imperial hunt in exactly the same way as it had been done under Louis XVI. Napoleon made the hunts a powerful political instrument and a Court indulgence whilst at the same time making considerable savings. The Restoration in fact chose not to revive Ancien Régime customs but preserved the Napoleonic hunting administration. This gave rise to the paradox of a Restoration attempting to reinvigorate monarchical traditions but using structures created by Napoleon. This is that strong continuity, human, budgetary, but also political and symbolic, inside a geographical field concentrated around Paris that made it possible for the Court to circulate around the different imperial hunting residences, to dedicate certain days to the hunts, and to invite some important political figures. All of these aspects are to be found in the sources : archives, newspapers, autobiographies, artworks
Vial, Charles-Eloi. "Les chasses des souverains en France (1804-1830)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040222.
Full textHunting had always been the privileged activity of kings since the mediaeval period, and for the later Bourbons it became a consuming passion. Indeed Louis XV and Louis XVI were to be criticized by a proto public opinion ; it was thought that hunts were expensive and that they distracted the rulers from the duties of government. The royal hunts disappeared with the fall of the monarchy. But Napoleon, with his desire to appropriate the outward show of monarchical legitimacy, brought it back. Marshal Berthier was appointed Grand veneur and given the task of organizing the imperial hunt in exactly the same way as it had been done under Louis XVI. Napoleon made the hunts a powerful political instrument and a Court indulgence whilst at the same time making considerable savings. The Restoration in fact chose not to revive Ancien Régime customs but preserved the Napoleonic hunting administration. This gave rise to the paradox of a Restoration attempting to reinvigorate monarchical traditions but using structures created by Napoleon. This is that strong continuity, human, budgetary, but also political and symbolic, inside a geographical field concentrated around Paris that made it possible for the Court to circulate around the different imperial hunting residences, to dedicate certain days to the hunts, and to invite some important political figures. All of these aspects are to be found in the sources : archives, newspapers, autobiographies, artworks
Smith, Eric C. "A Pre-professional Institution: Napoleon’s Marshalate and the Defeat of 1813." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699890/.
Full textMenant, Fabien. "Les députés du Corps législatifs sous le Consulat et l'Empire (1799-1815)." Paris 4, 2009. http://www.numeriquepremium.com/content/books/9782847366402.
Full textThe Legislative Body of the First Empire remains one of the least studied and most poorly understood institutions of the French parliamentarian history. Yet, it is of significant interest from both juridical and social points of view. The proceedings of the annual meetings of the three hundred “notables”, who were supposed to represent the entire Nation, are essential to the understanding of the creation of the imperial notability. The cohort of the one-thousand-four-hundred and sixty-one individuals who sat in the Legislative Body during its existence, constitute an excellent illustration of the imperial society and it also illustrates the composition of the elites whose development was desired by the Emperor. For the notables this assembly was important because it showcased the recognition of their economic and social power. The Legislative Body may be considered in many ways, as the forerunner of the various assemblies of the beginning of the 19th century: by attempting to diminish the influence of these assemblies, Napoleon inadvertently contributed to the emergence of the political elite of the Parliamentary Monarchy. The Legislative Body was the last of the Revolutionary Assemblies, and as such, was also the first Assembly of the notables’ France
Fujihara, Shota. "Le système de gouvernement local dans le département des Hautes-Pyrénées sous le Régime napoléonien." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20088.
Full textFor the longest time, Napoleon was the centerpiece of studies concerning the Napoleonic age. However, over the past thirty years, several important studies about the Consulate and the Empire have been shedding a new light on the socio-political history of this era. In this thesis, we review the administrative and centralizing structure established during the Napoleonic era, which represents a key period to discuss and observe the issues about the onset of the Nation-State. In the first part, The Nation-State and the notables, the reality of the local power established during the Napoleonic age is discussed. Initially, we explain the sociology of the local administrators and notables who compose the local power, then we analyse the relations between these notables and the prefectural administration by clearly defining the effective functioning of the councils instituted in each local administrative ward, and of the communal municipalities. In the second part, The Nation-State and the local order, we approach several administrative domains concerning the “security”, matters during the onset of the Nation-State. This thesis will set to define how these administrative domains have led to a three tier exerted power, central power, local power and people, which in turn constructed and gave birth to the local government system under the Napoleonic regime. To answer these questions, we choose the Hautes-Pyrenees department. Indeed, to relativize the territorial evidence of France geographically and psychologically, the border area of the Pyrenees is an interesting case for our study
Buscemi, Francesco. ""Io giuro". Storia della fedeltà politica dai Lumi a Napoleone." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01H045.
Full textThis thesis aims to study the characteristics of political trust and loyalty during the eighteenth century and the French Revolution. These characteristics are essential to understand the revolutionary culture, as they involve one of the most divisive issues of that time : civic oath. My thesis is aimed to clarify how the experience of oaths shaped the relationship between citizens and power during the revolutionary decade (1789-1799) in France and in Italy, and how this relationship is empowered by narratives taken from religion, the culture of honor, and ideology. From a wider, transnational viewpoint, my primary goal was to provide a deeper look into this key topic of the historiography of French Revolution
Morales, Maria Angélica Beghini. "O circuito das artes pelas letras de Vivant Denon: um nobre patrono para uma nova França (1778-1815)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-11122015-144626/.
Full textThe object of this research is to study the contradictory elements - both aristocratic features as the modernizing ones - in the transition period from the eighteenth century to the nineteenth, present in the writings of Dominique-Vivant Denon (1747-1825), Directeur Général des Musées during the Consulate and the Empire. We seek to understand how a figure derived from the French provincial nobility managed to balance the game of political forces that unfolded in France with the Revolution and how he became a fundamental character in the consolidation of a major cultural and political projects of the period: the reformulation of Louvre Museum. In a broader perspective, the present study seeks to understand and investigate, through the writings of Vivant Denon, the phenomenon of reinterpretation of a cultural tradition associated with the Old Regime in the construction of the Napoleonic Empire.
Haegele, Vincent. "La famille Bonaparte et la gestion de l’héritage révolutionnaire : enjeux politiques et économiques au sein de l’espace européen." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUL029.
Full textFrom its beginning, the French Revolution was the part of an international framework: throughout the 1780s, reforms and crisis in the foreign countries had a large echo in the internal political debate. The conclusion of the Franco-British commercial treaty in 1786 has been seen as a major political error by a growing part of the French public opinion. People were alarmed by the capability of the country’s economy to face the weight of British rival. The Revolution soon questions the fundamental bases of French society but also its relations with foreign powers, whose diplomatic language is no longer understandable. In 1792, the entry into the war was inevitable. Glorious in the military field, France was not however spared by the political crises engendered by the successive constitutional experiments. In 1800, the general Napoleon Bonaparte seized power and consolidated the revolutionary legacy, within the borders, but also abroad. Although he claimed to close the cycle started in 1789, Napoleon gave it a new dimension whose purpose was to build an Empire beyond natural borders. This implied a new diplomatic organisation and endowing allied or satellite states with institutions inspired by the model he personally embodied by using the codes and symbols of the monarchy for his own benefits. Yet this model was not without weakness. This work aims to present the role of the Bonaparte family in the appropriation of revolutionary ideas and in their transmission across Europe
Varlan, Olivier. "Armand-Louis de Caulaincourt, duc de Vicenze (1773-1827). Étude d’une carrière diplomatique sous le Premier Empire, de la cour de Napoléon au ministère des Relations extérieures." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2013. http://ezproxy.normandie-univ.fr/login?url=https://www.numeriquepremium.com/doi/10.14375/NP.9782369426998.
Full textA cavalry officer born into Picardy's landed gentry, Armand de Caulaincourt rose rapidly through the ranks of the consular, and later the imperial court, to become in 1804 Grand Squire of the Empire. However, notwithstanding the importance of his curial functions, Napoleon destined him to a diplomatic career. After several missions, he was appointed as Ambassador of France to Russia (1807). Caulaincourt took part in all the major negotiations between France and Russia, but was forced to witness a slow breakdown in relations between the two Empires. At the time of his return to Paris in 1811, his political accomplishments were unimpressive. His stalwart defense of Tsar Alexander, and especially his opposition to the upcoming military campaign, were an irritation to Napoleon. Nevertheless, these stances allowed him to gain new stature after the disaster in Russia : in the eyes of his contemporaries, he became the “Peacemaker”, an image Napoleon used to his advantage by appointing him his representative at the congresses in Prague (1813) and in Châtillon (1814). The Duke of Vicenza, now Minister for Foreign Affairs, could not, however, broker an agreement in favour of peace : he was forced to negotiate Napoleon's abdication and to give up any hope of political career after the Hundred Days. This study, based on Caulaincourt's personal records and famous Memoirs, aims at restoring a major figure of the First French Empire to his due importance, while focusing on his action and thought in the field of diplomacy. The exemplary value of his career should also allow historians to reconsider and reevaluate the role of Napoleon's diplomatic personnel
Varlan, Olivier. "Armand-Louis de Caulaincourt, duc de Vicenze (1773-1827). Étude d’une carrière diplomatique sous le Premier Empire, de la cour de Napoléon au ministère des Relations extérieures." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040252.
Full textA cavalry officer born into Picardy's landed gentry, Armand de Caulaincourt rose rapidly through the ranks of the consular, and later the imperial court, to become in 1804 Grand Squire of the Empire. However, notwithstanding the importance of his curial functions, Napoleon destined him to a diplomatic career. After several missions, he was appointed as Ambassador of France to Russia (1807). Caulaincourt took part in all the major negotiations between France and Russia, but was forced to witness a slow breakdown in relations between the two Empires. At the time of his return to Paris in 1811, his political accomplishments were unimpressive. His stalwart defense of Tsar Alexander, and especially his opposition to the upcoming military campaign, were an irritation to Napoleon. Nevertheless, these stances allowed him to gain new stature after the disaster in Russia : in the eyes of his contemporaries, he became the “Peacemaker”, an image Napoleon used to his advantage by appointing him his representative at the congresses in Prague (1813) and in Châtillon (1814). The Duke of Vicenza, now Minister for Foreign Affairs, could not, however, broker an agreement in favour of peace : he was forced to negotiate Napoleon's abdication and to give up any hope of political career after the Hundred Days. This study, based on Caulaincourt's personal records and famous Memoirs, aims at restoring a major figure of the First French Empire to his due importance, while focusing on his action and thought in the field of diplomacy. The exemplary value of his career should also allow historians to reconsider and reevaluate the role of Napoleon's diplomatic personnel
Le, Quang Jeanne-Laure. "Haute police, surveillance politique et contrôle social sous le Consulat et le Premier Empire (1799-1814)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H082.
Full textBeyond the enduring fantasies surrnunding the Napoleonic police and its Minister Fouché, no overall study had yet been devoted to the "high police" between 1799 and 1814. The period of the Consulate and the Empire is crucial, with the birth of a "high police", which did not consist in a specific police entity, but a mission: to ensure the survival of the State and its leader by removing individuals seen a dangerous. "High police measures" took three forms: preventive surveillance, detention without trial, and placing under "special surveillance" (house arrest). The authorities' speeches justified the existence of these extrajudicial and extra-legal measures by staging a threat - presented as exception. - and by introducing the need to reassure, stabilize and unify people. The "high police" then took a central place in the process of controlling the public mind and strengthening the power. Napoleon thus occupied an increasing role in the control and orientation of a police action entirely aiming at protecting his own person.The police development of partially new criteria on dangerousness, intertwining both political and social control, made it possible to build a surveillance with a panoptic purpose. This research combines history of representations and history "from below", studied at ground level. It challenges the vertical interpretation of a police regime, since preventive surveillance is also based on popular involvement, and its effectiveness can be qualified, on the scale of the Empire
Omes, Marco Emanuele. "La festa di Napoleone : Sovranità, legittimità e sacralità nell’Europa francese (Repubblica/Impero francese, Repubblica/Regno d’Italia, Regno di Spagna, 1799-1814)." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL040.
Full textBy combining research methods from the cultural history of the politic with a comparative perspective, my dissertation covers the celebrations of the Napoleonic era that took place between 1799 and 1814 in the Republic (later, Empire) of France, in the Republic (later, Kingdom) of Italy, and in the Kingdom of Spain. My comparative perspective aims to show the existence of a model of Napoleonic celebration that was fairly uniform across the three geographical contexts I studied, especially in its basic principles, fundamental concepts and values conveyed. My study centres on the concepts of sovereignty, legitimacy and sacrality, and aims to shed light on their interplay and their significance in the context of Napoleonic-era civic festivities, especially in terms of the forms of symbolic, visual and discursive representation that were used. My analysis of these forms of representation will allow the reader to better understand not only the manifestations of Napoleonic power, but also its ideological underpinnings, characteristics, and evolution over time
Omes, Marco Emanuele. "La festa di Napoleone : Sovranità, legittimità e sacralità nell’Europa francese (Repubblica/Impero francese, Repubblica/Regno d’Italia, Regno di Spagna, 1799-1814)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL040.
Full textBy combining research methods from the cultural history of the politic with a comparative perspective, my dissertation covers the celebrations of the Napoleonic era that took place between 1799 and 1814 in the Republic (later, Empire) of France, in the Republic (later, Kingdom) of Italy, and in the Kingdom of Spain. My comparative perspective aims to show the existence of a model of Napoleonic celebration that was fairly uniform across the three geographical contexts I studied, especially in its basic principles, fundamental concepts and values conveyed. My study centres on the concepts of sovereignty, legitimacy and sacrality, and aims to shed light on their interplay and their significance in the context of Napoleonic-era civic festivities, especially in terms of the forms of symbolic, visual and discursive representation that were used. My analysis of these forms of representation will allow the reader to better understand not only the manifestations of Napoleonic power, but also its ideological underpinnings, characteristics, and evolution over time
Brun, Jean-François. "L'économie militaire impériale à l'épreuve de la VIe coalition." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CLF20042.
Full textAfter the russian campaign, napoleon i undertakes with some improvising to rebuild a new great army in orfer to fight russia, which is soon helped by prussia. Two kinds of events mark this will. In the eazstern part of europe, the available imperial unities, commanded by murat then by beauharnais, try to slacken the enemy's forward movement from the inemen to the elbe, between december 1812 and april 1813. At the same time, france, italy and the german territories under the rule of paris know a great deal of requisitioning in men and horses, as well as in supplies and all sorts of military goods. This gives the opportunity of studying carefully the inner structure and the limits of the imperial warfare system. An armistice puts an end to the first campaign in saxony, and the disaster of leipzig stops the second one. So, in november 1813, the great army, deeply reduced, sets in a defensive position along the rhine while france,which is exhausted and used up, cannot give napoleon enough horses and war equipment to recover his military power during the following wiiks. This incapacity clearly shows proof that the first empire does not have a war economy. In fact, it is the military power resulting from short time wars which settles the french economical and political domination upon continental europe, and not the opposite. In short, the imperial ruling classes keep on reasoning in an rachaic way : war is possible thanks to economical "surplus". But since the russian campaign, logistics has become a very tough problem foreshadowing modern conflicts in which economy takes an essential part
Rey, Jean-Philippe. "Une municipalité sous le premier Empire : Lyon, 1805-1815." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20040.
Full textShortly after the announcement of the First Empire, Lyons was given a unique mayor. This emphasized the importance given to the rehabilitation of a local and administrative centre. Since September 1805, some important men gathered to rule over Lyons. These men, who were replacing the former leaders who played an important part in the 1789 Revolution, were assigned new duties. They had to rule over the city under the strict surveillance of the national authorities and their representative, called the préfet. Thanks to the deep analysis of this new ruling system on a daily basis, we can better understand the Napoleonic plan which aimed at reorganizing the whole country on different political and administrative scales. This study begins with the examination of an expanding administration and the complex relationships with the imperial government. The town councilors belonged to the élite whom Napoleon wanted to endow France with. The study focuses on the main characteristics of these councilors who mixed with other leaders who tended to influence them on a local regional or national scale. This study ends with the presentation and the comparison of the different actions led by the local administration during the Empire. This whole study aims at dealing with the example of Lyons in the forming Napoleonic system
Palluel-Guillard, André. "Une Fusion manquée." Chambéry, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CHAML001.
Full textDuring 15 years, geneva savoie lived under the same french napoleonic system, joined together for the first time since th break of the xvi th century, but the french centralisation did not have enough time to integrate deeply two foreign communities even french speaking and very near the boarder of the "creat nation". The imperial government was efficient only during a few years between 1802 and 1811. He had first to settle the difficulties left by the directory and those inherent int the beginning of the consulate then he had to face the final great crisis which compromised the economy and the religious peace in the same time and which worsened the conscription and the tax system. Napoleon did not take care of the profrench jacobins from geneva and savoie so he restored the olf elites but the rallied him very superficially and they betrayed as soon as they realised how they took only a few advantages of their membership. Through the centralisation, the continental system and the religious freedom geneva would have been able to become the center and the leader of the whole region but the traditions were too strong and the "genevois" refused to renounce to their european celebrity and the "savoyards" much too poor and unprepared withdrew into themselves no to have such masters. Anyway powerful churches protestant as well as roman catholic, were too hostile to each other, to admit any connection between the two peoples. Geneva and savoie were too different to join
Omes, Marco Emanuele. "La festa di Napoleone : sovranità, legittimità e sacralità nell'Europa francese (repubblica/impero francese, Repubblica/Regno d'Italia, Regno di Spagna, 1799-1814)." Doctoral thesis, Scuola Normale Superiore, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11384/86067.
Full textDunne, John. "Notables and society in Napoleonic France : the Seine-Inferieure, 1799-1815." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320715.
Full textPigeard, Alain. "Le service des vivres dans les armées du Premier Empire 1804-1815 (armée de terre)." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040045.
Full textAfter seizing power on 18 Brumaire, Bonaparte set to reorganizing the army he had inherited from the old regime and the revolution. Of all the reforms, the service of provisions, sorely extended during the campaigns of 1792 to 1799 would receive particular attention right up until the end of the Empire. Two distinct ministries would be created: the ministry of war and the ministry of war administration; with the service of provisions depending on the latter (the precise designation was to change frequently). The war administrators corps, created on the 29th of January, 1800, would have the highly demanding task of organizing the supply of troops that would roam throughout the European continent. The vast size of the armies and the increasingly distant campaigns would force napoleon to use inexact methods (requisitioning, special levying). The severest shortages would be felt during the Polish (1807), Russian (1812) Spanish and Portuguese (1807-1813) campaigns; the absence of provisions would sometimes be replaced by looting. Even with the best imperial will, the system never functioned correctly; the cost of the wars being a factor of considerable importance. The soldier was all too often forced to improvise; the Napoleonic wars would serve as
Nicolas, Aude. "L’art et la bataille : représenter les campagnes d’Italie : (1800 ; 1859)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100188.
Full textThis work deals with a comparative analysis of military paintings representing the French Italian Campaigns (1800 and 1859), including drawings, photographs and sculptures when it is relevant. The parallel is established between artistic heritages and innovations from “a Napoleon to the other”, asking the artists’ willing of precision and military knowledge when they represented these events, so these works of art are studied in a different way focused on a military approach using iconography. Although the main work is in history of art, based on the analysis of formal handling and critical reception, the methodology resorts other sciences in order to examine the artworks composition and organisation in details: in that way, artworks are confronted to topography, strategy, tactic and also military heritage testimonies (uniforms, emblems, weapons…) and history they aimed to show. The work is divided in three parts, successively studying topographical representation (did the artists travelled to see the places and did they represented precise and recognizable geographical details?), the way of painting battles (how fights were figured at the beginning and in the middle of the 19th century, can regiments and tactical manoeuvres be identified correctly?) and heroic perception (how heroes were showed in 1800 and in 1859 and how artworks can be ranked, between glorification and realistic representations?)
Bartlett, Keith John. "The development of the British army during the wars with France, 1793-1815." Thesis, Durham University, 1998. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/699/.
Full textViallard, Marianne. "Les campagnes toulousaines sous le Premier Empire, 1804-1814 : droit et société." Toulouse 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU10045.
Full textNapoleon I endeavours to supervise the rural world to insure the provisioning of the armies and to avoid any scarcity of grains being able to lead to discorders. The government thus goes to multiply the interventions by statistical surveys, encouragements, or by more authoritarian measures in periods of crises. In parallel, the emperor tries to give a legal frame to the rural life by elaborating a rural Code, attempt which participates from the imperial will of unification of the whole law. The farmers also see their secular customs upset by the preservation of the revolutionary reforms and by the promulgation of the civil and penal Codes which ignore local traditions. All these proposals are thus going to collide with a big resistance. The objective of this study is to show how the farmers in Haute-Garonne, often supported by the local authorities, oppose by all the means at their disposal to the imperial initiatives, making of the departement a large place of resistance
Bonnet, Christian. "Les Bouches-du-Rhône sous le Consulat et l'Empire : évolution économique et vie socio-politique." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010617.
Full textChappey, Jean-Luc. "La Société des Observateurs de l'Homme (1799-1804) : genèse, personnel et activités d'une société savante sous le Consulat." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010671.
Full textLamarque, Philippe. "L'héraldique en France sous le premier empire." Paris, EPHE, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EPHE4040.
Full textMeslin, Jean-François. "La France au cœur de la Pologne : représentations et attitudes chez les régiments polonais sous Napoléon (1807-1815)." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8392.
Full textDeloustal, Jean-François. "La centralisation napoléoniènne en Lozère (1799-1815) : "une colonie à deux mille lieues de la métropole"." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040214.
Full textThe consulate and the Empire, that were founded on the Ancien Regime and the Revolution, allowed for the presence of a local civil service across the entire territory. The centralised administration guaranteed a strict structure for the society and led to uncontested sectorial modernisation. Despite certain successes, the uniform application of the government’s precepts were not united. There was protiform resistance in Gévaudan against the efforts to penetrate there. Also, in the department, the centralisation progressed along a single route. It was a procedure of modus vivendi that was unbalanced between the concerns of the State to confirm it’s authority and the local will to conserve its own government. Despite a napoleonic centralisation that was coercive and pragmatic, the Lozère stayed on the whole outside of the national process of integration. It remained for many “a colony two thousand leagues from the metropole”
Celeri, Angelo. "Les militaires originaires de l'Eure, de la Révolution à l'Empire : recrutements et carrières." Rouen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ROUEL013.
Full textThe Revolution and the napoleonic period were profoundly marked and directed by the war. This thesis attempts to show what were, in the department of Eure, the modes of recruitment under the Revolution, at first the voluntary service, then the requisition, finally the conscription. The promise of an equalitarian participation in the war effort was only partially held, the popular categories being particulary put in contribution. Following the study of the recruitment are envisaged the careers of the recruited citizens. It seems sharply that careers depended largely on the environment of origin of each. However, the promises of equality formulated by the Revolution in terms of ascent within the army, and consequently in the society, were partially realized, even if it was for a moment questioned under the Empire in the case of the high ranks
DAPAVO, ROBERTO. "Joseph-Marie Chénier: tragedie (1786-1804. Teatro e storia fra rivoluzione e impero." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/152049.
Full textRouillé, Stéphanie. "La confrontation idéologique pour ou contre Napoléon en Bavière entre 1800 et 1814." Nantes, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NANT3019.
Full textConstans, Raymond. "Le général Jean Sarrazin (1770-1848)." Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040004.
Full textJean Sarrazin was born in 1770 by the river Lot at Saint-Sylvestre (Lot-et-Garonne). In 1792, he went to war to defend the ideal of the Revolution which he honestly believed in at that time. As he was physically as well as mentally gifted, he was successful enough, in the armies of the Revolution, to be promoted to the rank of brigadier general in 1799, a few weeks before the coup of Brumaire 18th. This general of the Revolution won all his promotions on the battlefield thanks to his “resounding actions”. Of course, such a dazzling success is far from being exceptional. But if his career had ended in 1799, we would say that he was one of the best. On the contrary, during the Consulate and the Empire he began to undergo a succession of setbacks and humiliations that can be called a descent into Hell. As a result of his intermittent and qualified opposition to the Napoleonic systems of government, he was kept in the background, then was brought to leave for England in 1810, a desertion for which he was sentenced to death in his absence. Back in France in 1814, he found it so hard to put up with the First Restauration that he professed himself in favour of the Emperor during the Hundred Days, which did not dissuade Napoleon from having him jailed. Released by the Second Restauration, he promptly appeared to be suspect in the eyes of the regime which deprived him of his means of existence and gave rise to legal proceedings against him for bigamy in 1819. Heavily sentenced, then pardoned, he spent the rest of his life in England, then in Hambourg and Brussels. Given that Jean Sarrazin has been the subject of only very few works up to the present day, we have thought it desirable to make a name for thins general of the Revolution who experienced such a trying destiny, because his military role was significant, because the personal story of his life was exceptional and because his great numbers of written works also contribute to making him a character out of the ordinary and au author really worthy of interest
Perret, Irène. "La critique d’art sous le consulat et le Ier Empire (1799-1815)." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040224.
Full textThis study aims at analysing and defining art criticism under The Consulate and The First Empire, during the first fifteen years of the 19th Century, from the 18 Brumaire an VIII to the fall of Napoleon’s Empire and the Bourbons return. Based on newspaper articles, satirical pamphlets and art books published during that period, this analyse deals with all the Paris exhibitions between 1800 and 1815 wich had some impact on the public and critics -private exhibitions, Salons or artistic competitions organized by the Government. Napoleon’s personality, his artistic policy, maked by propaganda, the consequences of the censorship on the press and various historical events are revealed through art criticism wich is thus a reflection of that era and a major theme in this research. Besides, art critics are analysed, wether anonymous or emblematic ones, such as Jean-Baptiste Boutard, Pierre Jean-Baptiste Chaussard, Victorin Fabre, Charles-Paul Landon, François-Guillaume Ducray- Duminil and Fabien Pillet. This study is interessed in ideas and artistic contests, art evolution, as well as critics’ work used as a literary instrument
Boudin, Michel. "Les commissaires des guerres du Consulat et de l'Empire." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040252.
Full text1800-1815. The commissariat was living the last fifteen years of a four-century long existence. This institution on the verge of the Consulat was then rich in the old regime reforms and had been given a text which synthetized all the past experiences by the Directoire. But this legislative and statutory masterpiece didnté thwart embezzlement whatsoever. To attend to what was most urgent, the Premier Consul created what was and is still called "Inspection aux Revues" and thus deprived the Commissariat Officers of the most important historic part of their functions (responsabilities). But what might have seemed to be dismantling of the commissariat yielded rather disappointing results. A close inspection of the Ordonnateurs' personal individual files and the study of the intendants' roles in the Consulat as well as in the military campaigns from the Empire era, let us foresee the real world the administrateurs used to live in. The fictious attractiveness of the commissaire's profession fails in hiding the misery caused by their living conditions and in making people forget their long living execrable reputation of inefficiency and dishonesty. Such a situation had been partly inherited from the former regimes but had been highly maintained by the patent fiasco of the imperial military administration together with the high command duplicity, thus easing their responsability for the soldiers' deprivation and transferring it onto these civil servants
Streiff, Jean-Paul. "Espaces, réseaux et sociétés urbaines de l'Ancien Régime à la Restauration : (Bar-le-Duc - Commercy) 1750-1815." Nancy 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NAN21014.
Full textThesis of urban history exploring the 1750-1820 period including the Revolution, the Empire and the beginnings of the Restoration period, it analyses the ups and downs concerning the economic, administrative, religious, and cultural relationships that livened up two small towns : Bar-le-Duc and Commercy. It studies the changes that marked the spaces and society of the towns near the bounders. By using micro history, reconstitution of families, judiciary and notaries records, it keeps family networks up to date as well as the networks of interest and solidarities of circumstances. Political groups, The Freemasons and all kinds of resistance are examined. By studying the way and river networks, those of books and prints, of education and assistance we discover the developments that marked this period. Property is touched by sales of the National Heritage. A strong speculation is then organized, and this is the moment to show the strategies implemented and the results. The beginnings of the Restoration period are known for economic and social disaster, the occupation and the famine of 1816-1817
Covo, Manuel. "Commerce, empire et révolutions dans le monde atlantique : la colonie de Saint-Domingue, entre métropole et Etats-Unis (ca. 1778-ca. 1804)." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0095.
Full textThis dissertation addresses the question of the links between the commercial revolution and the political revolution at the end of the eighteenth century. In particular, it analyses the connected issue of the colonial exclusif and of liberty of trade; as a problem of political economy, as a sum of legal norms and as commercial practices. This enables to shed light on the variety of political associations that emerged in the Age of Revolutions. The case study is the political and economic relationships between the wealthiest colony in the world, Saint-Domingue, the metropole and the United States, From the 1778 French-American alliance to the birth of Haiti i 1804. This dissertation aims at questioning the so-called rise of the nation-state. It disputes the idea that the French Revolution exclusively created a unitary and centralized nation-state, founded on national sovereignty and defined as the political expression of the community of citizens. It also places the United States in its postcolonial history and reminds that independence was not the only possible end to the revolution in Saint-Domingue. This illuminates the multiplicity of imperial experimentations that took place in the Atlantic World at different scales, both within and beyond national borders and in the framework of a globalized economy. Thus, it becomes possible to follow the sinuous paths and crossings of intertwined revolutions
Luca, Anne Sandrine de. "La noblesse du Premier Empire français : l'identité nobiliaire réinventée." Perpignan, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PERP0709.
Full textAt the moment when all thought that the nobility had been banished for ever, Napoleon in 1808 created a new aristocracy. The creation of a new nobility cannot be understodd outside the frame of the construction of napoleonic power : this creation helped ensure the legitimacy in the regime's exercise of power, indeed, in this sense, the nobility is thoroughly political. But it should also be set in the context of the creation of propaganda, in other words it was also a nobility for napoleonic pomp and prestige. It was very meuch an accessory of power and the emperor clearly wanted to set this group above the mass citizens : not to mention the privileges, the titles also provided other benefits. And even though it could not be called an order, the Empire nobility was neverltheless a particular group within the citizen body
Sazio, Solène. "Hippolyte Bellangé (1800-1866), reconnaissance et oubli d'un artiste aux origines de la légende napoléonienne." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR021.
Full textHippolyte Bellangé had a long career that extended from the Restoration to the Second Empire. After exhibiting his first paintings at the Salon of Paris in 1822, this disciple of Jean-Antoine Gros quickly established himself in the artistic environment as one of the main promoters of the Napoleonic legend. Raised during the full glory and effervescence of the First Empire, he belonged to a generation of artists who, the day after Waterloo, transposed into their work a whole palette of melancholy and nostalgia towards that past glow they half-caught a glimpse of, half-fantasized about. Bellangé's success, which was strongly correlated to a context that was supportive to the spread of Napoleonic legend, gives an interesting insight into the evolution of public opinion on the one hand, and political attitudes on the other, towards the figure of Napoleon Bonaparte.His works are also characterized by the application he puts into the evocation and description of everyday life. His moving to Rouen gave him the opportunity to create a renewed iconography of the Norman countryside. Simultaneously a public figure and a multifaceted artist, his career has also been marked by his position as curator of the Musée des Beaux-arts of Rouen. This multidisciplinary background definitely offers a remarkable field of study and a valuable documentation on the careers and the status of artists in the mid-nineteenth century. The analysis of the life and work of Hippolyte Bellangé, reviewed in their political context, finally gives us the opportunity to question the notions of committed art, popular art and patriotic art in the years following the First Empire
Houmeau, Didier. "Les prisonniers de guerre britanniques de Napoléon 1er." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR2010.
Full textAfter the breaking off of the Peace of Amiens, the Premier Consul keeps the British who were present on the French ground as hostages as a reply to the British Government who keeps also French prisoners. But the true reason is more economical. The British prisoners are treated differently from prisoners of war and are only used in what is useful, such as spinning factories.Having a precise census of the British population in the depots was difficult: the documents are incomplete and the transfers from depot to depot too often. There were four depots at the beginning but it went to twelve in 1810 and 15 by the end of the war.Social life is organized and the prisoners tend to recreate the “British way of life” with much rejoicing in the various depots. But money games bring quarrels and debts. Escapes arises hunger in the French War Ministry. Exchanges are seldom and wounded and disabled men are part of these exchanges. Health remains a major problem and food is of poor quality. Death rate is severe. Except weddings and births, they have not left anything as they did not build but remembrance is still there
Todorov, Nicola Peter. "Le département de l'Elbe du royaume de Westphalie de 1807 à 1813-14." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010680.
Full textJenks, Timothy David. "Naval engagements : patriotism, cultural politics, and the Royal Navy 1793 - 1815 /." Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press, 2006. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0616/2006021302.html.
Full textLévêque, Pierre. "Les officiers de marine du Premier Empire : étude sociale." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010630.
Full textThe study of the navy officers of the first empire, a group which reveals important upheavals, is possible thanks to the files of the marine historical service and the navy department of the national archives. Focusing on the lieutenants commanders of 1811 we can distinguisgh four categories: the former officiers of commerce composed 44% of the total, the former bargee officers 22%, the former officers of the royal navy 2%, the remaining was composed of youths who started their careers as midshipmen. These officers came from a commercial background (37%), were sons of servicemen (13%), nobles formed 8% of the category. These careers, up until achieving the rank of lieutenant commander, followed differents patterns, according to thier professionnal background, thereafter their progression became more uniform. The pursuit of promotion was begun by request. The relations with the sailors were though, sometimes even brutal. These officers served at toulon (1/3 of the total). Brest and Rochefort received 14% and 10% respectively, the squadron of escaut 15%. In 1811, 266 officers out of 1159 were prisoners, most of them in great britain. Their relationships with the native population hung between friendliness and hostility. The most serious cases of discipline were due to the irritable character of the admiral allemand. The authorities had problems enjoining servicemen to wear their uniforms regularly. The weddings, often late, revealed a great amount of endogamy: the fact that autorisation was necessary tells us as Decres wished to avoid mesalliancces. In the face of misbehaviour he wanted to preserve the honour of the corps, this aim was also evident in his tolerance of duelling. The officers, particulary the youngest, often showed insolence in their relations with the civilian population. These officers were very attached to the emperor as could be seen in their attitude to the cent jours. The national sentiment played a large role in this emotional attachment
Hermant, Maxime. "La religion dans la ville : histoire relieuse de Provins pendant la Révolution et l’Empire (1789-1815)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100107.
Full textProvins (Seine-et-Marne) was marked by a quiet Revolution. The city was almost completely free of any manifestation of violence. In religious matters, the successive policies of the assemblies generated divisions and concerns. People rose against the new parishes, while priests and vicars were divided about the constitutional oath (1790-1792). Canons, monks and nuns left the churches. Abbeys and convents, which were subsequently sold, were reused for secular purpose and even destroyed. As the political situation became radicalized, after the fall of the monarchy in August 1792 and the proclamation of the Republic in september, State and deputies voted coercive measures against the clergy. Much of clergymen were sent to prison in 1793-1794. Restrictions also limited religious practice. Indeed, worship were prohibited in public spaces and all churches were momentarily closed. How the people of Provins reacted to these changes? Moderation and reconciliation seem define behaviours. After Terror, all parts of the Provins’ clergy joined their forces to ensure worship in churches again, beyond the theological and political disputes. Thanks to this soothed situation, the first bishops of XIXth century led a successful policy in order to reorganize local Church and give back to the Catholic religion and spiritual authority the dominant position they previously occupied in minds and in society
Cretin, Pascale. "La chirurgie militaire pendant les campagnes de Napoléon Bonaparte, d'après les mémoires du Baron Larrey." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO1M108.
Full textTriolaire, Cyril. "Fêtes officielles, théâtres et spectacles de curiosités dans le 11ème arrondissement théâtral impérial pendant le Consulat et l'Empire." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CLF20009.
Full textThis study aims analyzing the official festivals, the theatres and the "spectacle de curiosités" in the eleventh theatrical and imperial district uring the Consulate and the First Empire. He was a tragedy lover who took on the legacy of the Revolution and yet who openly revived the monarchic ceremonials, the First Consul resorted immoderately to propaganda. Official festivities and shows were abundantly used so as to stage power, to control and watch people's minds. Inthe heart of the Empire, this study focuses on the way the imperial worship was developed thanks to the festivals, the theatres and the companies between the year VIII and 1815. About strengthening the devotion for Napoleon and those of the decrees voted in June 1806 and April 1807 about the theatrical life in the departments. This work studies the political relations between Paris and the provinces, highlighting people's obvious reluctance to respect the calendar of the festivals or the theatrical censorship. It shows how the official culture was spread connected to the economical and financial constraints and the local traditions and opinions. Is presents e new sociology of the main actors in the festivities. It studies the planned places, the repertoires and the speeches. And it shows how the official messages were transmitted and how they were received by the people : their approval or their objection as well as the dramatic criticisms. This study thus tries to present a new cultural history of the politics and of its cultural practices at the time of the Consulate and of the First Empire
Smallwood, Amy Lynn. "Shore Wives: The Lives of British Naval Officers’ Wives and Widows, 1750-1815." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1216915735.
Full textHantraye, Jacques. "La société française et la guerre : les invasions et les occupations étrangères en Seine-et-Oise (1814-1816)." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010669.
Full textAbel, Jonathan 1985. "Jacques-Antoine-Hippolyte, Comte De Guibert: Father of the Grande Armée." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc700071/.
Full textRenault, Agnès. "La communauté françaises de Santiago de Cuba entre 1791 et 1825." Le Havre, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LEHA0007.
Full textSince 1791, French colonists from Saint Domingue took refuge in Cuba, especially in Santiago, to avoid the civil wars of French and Haitian revolutions. They were ejected in 1809 because of the war between French and Spain, but some of them choosed to come back some years later, followed by some other Frenchs coming sometime directly from metropolitan France. These migratory movements were essential for the central area of Cuba. This thesis shows how these refugees were able to straighten up and have a leader activity in the economic decelipment of their "terre d'acceuil / new land". Their success is due to the ability to rebuild a community where diversity exists but with the sharing feeling to be French. The refugees group remakes all the specificities of the Saint-Domingue colonial society. Colonists before everything, they choose the new world, and the French migratory movement in Santiago de Cuba is an announcement of the french colonization during the XIXth Century
Kouvélakis, Efstathios. "Philosophie et révolution de Kant à Marx." Paris 8, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA08A007.
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