Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'France; Foreign policies; Europe'
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Cohrs, Patrick O. "The unfinished transatlantic peace order after World War I : Britain, the United States and the Franco-German question, 1923-1925." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391010.
Full textBorzillo, Laurent. "Les forces expéditionnaires bi/multinationales en Europe : analyse comparée des politiques d’alliance de la France et de l’Allemagne (1991-2016)." Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTD001.
Full textWhy do states create bi/multinational expeditionary forces? Why have not they been used yet? The objective of this PhD dissertation is to explain this paradox, which is well exemplified by the Franco-German brigade and the European Union Battle Groups (EUBG). Although these two units are not the only ones in Europe that can be qualified as expeditionary forces, we chose these two case studies to analyze, among others, the decision-making processes in both France and Germany.We have therefore focused on these two units and on the alliance policies that are at the origin of these units. In practice, our research builds on the work on alliances and the field of comparative foreign policy analysis. The theoretical framework developed to explain the foreign policy decisions is based on the theory of roles by Kal Holsti. Our findings indicate that these decisions are made only by a limited group of actors and result from the roles those actors assume for their country. Institutional arrangements, as well as conflicts and power struggles, moderate these roles. In addition, there is strong evidence for path dependency in cases where decisions have an institutional scope.The decisions in favor of the Franco-German brigade and the EUBG ultimately resulted from the role of a promoter of reinforced European military capabilities and the role of a faithful ally, which dominated among the actors behind these decisions. Other roles present among the French and German decision-makers tend, on the contrary, to slow down the use of these units. This is particularly true for the role of a great power (France) and the role of a civilian power (Germany). Several roles coexist indeed within each state and each sees its amount of influence fluctuate. This variation in roles’ influence depends on the actors involved, as well as on power struggles and relations.Our dissertation is divided into seven chapters. In the first three we will return to the literature on expeditionary forces and alliances, to our methodology, and to the international relations in Europe over the past thirty years. The following chapters deal with the development of the Franco-German brigade as an expeditionary force, the creation of battle groups, the choice of partners within them, and finally the non-employment of these military troops. These are the four empirical chapters of our research.In conclusion, we estimate that the probability of deployment of the studied units in the coming years remains rather low. Relying on role theory, our theoretical explanation serves as a tool for understanding the functioning of the French and German political-military decision-making structures. While validated for this analysis, this theoretical framework now has to be tested on other case studies
Goryunov, Vladislav. "Russian national security and Central Europe : Russian perspectives and policies." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/97351.
Full textCrook, Christopher Thomas. "Empire and Europe : a reassessment of British foreign policies, 1919-1925." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2017. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/71476/.
Full textFortier, Amanda L. "The effects of Islam on the goverment policies of Britain, France, and the Netherlands." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1259.
Full textBachelors
Sciences
Political Science
KISER, EDGAR VANCE. "KINGS AND CLASSES: CROWN AUTONOMY, STATE POLICIES, AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN WESTERN EUROPEAN ABSOLUTISMS (ENGLAND, FRANCE, SWEDEN, SPAIN)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184073.
Full textAlbers, Martin. "The policies of Britain, France and West Germany towards the People's Republic of China, 1969-1982." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708129.
Full textAggestam, Lisbeth. "A European foreign policy? : role conceptions and the politics of identity in Britain, France and Germany /." Stockholm : Department of Political Science, Stockholm University, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-274.
Full textPlewa, Piotr. "The ebbs and flows of temporary foreign worker policies lessons from and for North America and Europe /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1891582871&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textNiemoller, Bernd. "West German foreign policy, France and the question of a political Europe, 1958-1963." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.413156.
Full textNiemöller, Bernd Thomas Albert. "West German foreign policy, France and the question of a political Europe, 1958-1963." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621534.
Full textSoubeyran, Mathilde. "The European Dimension in foreign language teaching in France : Foreign languages in elementary school and European programmes." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-393419.
Full textMoullin, Benjamin. "Return Migration in Europe: "A comparative analysis of voluntary return's policies and practices in France and Sweden"." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21101.
Full textHeuser, Beatrice. "Yugoslavia in Western Cold War policies, 1948-1953." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fabf0ed5-37c7-44ba-8908-863fdc824763.
Full textWaciega, Kamila Olga. "Regional policies of decarbonisation in Europe : case of Silesia in Poland and Nord-Pas-de-Calais in France." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014IEPP0012.
Full textThe object of the study is a comparative examination of two regions' adaptation to the new political, legal and financial context that results from the development and extension of the EU integration in the field of energy and climate change – or decarbonisation agenda. The ‘usages’ refer to stakeholders’ ability and willingness to take advantage of the European opportunities and constraints provided to them to shape national (and in this case regional) policies. In addition to the intentional dimensions ‘usages’ also cover the actual practices observed in each region. We search to determine to what extent the ability of the regional executives to mobilise EU resources for the purpose of pursuing their strategies in the field of decarbonisation depends on whether they are situated in an ‘old’ or a ‘new’ member state of the EU. We attempt to assess to what extent their ability to innovate and to organise a territorial resilience is related to the East/West divide.The analysis is conduced on two case studies: two European regions that are today major CO2 emitters, because they are still industrialized, densely populated, they host energy production sites, and their housing requires deep and extensive thermal renovation. Two regions in Europe appeared particularly fitting that description, and cumulate all disadvantages (as regards the importance of CO2 emissions). Upper Silesia in Poland and Nord-Pas-de-Calais in France can still be considered as industrialized territories that can be compared in a “new/old” member state of the EU perspective. The present research looks at differences in usages in the two case studies. We search for pertinent explanatory variables for those divergences to be found in each region’s past, deconstructed in institutional, interest-related and ideational components. We place our model in a path-dependence perspective and we look at how it is relevant in a regional setting
Vargo, Trina Y. "French and American foreign policies : concordances and discordances in the light of ideological differences 1981-1984." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61971.
Full textIkemoto, Daisuke. "Opting for or out of Europe? : contrasting the policies of Britain and France towards European monetary cooperation 1970-1979." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491259.
Full textClark, John Denis Havey. "British, French, and American attitudes and policies towards the rebirth of Poland, 1914-1921." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:21becc10-e2b5-49cc-ad6e-f568157992f4.
Full textLiu, Bolong. "Western Europe-China : a comparative analysis of the foreign policies of the European Community, Great Britain and Belgium towards China (1970-1986) /." [Leuven] : Katholieke universitet Leuven, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37165798f.
Full textLarsen, Henrik. "Discourse analysis and foreign policy : the impact of the concepts of Europe, nation/state, security and the nature of international relations on French and British policies towards Europe in the 1980s." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269013.
Full textOzcurumez, Saime. "Opportunities re-structured, policy actors re-defined : EU immigration policy and Turkish migrant associations in France and Germany." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85195.
Full textThe study claims that in spite of the newly introduced supranational channels into the EU policy process, the collective organizational experience at the national level locks-in a certain path dependency that holds back the new policy actors (migrant groups) from making full use of EU-level opportunities. Consequently an incompatibility surfaces between the supranational opportunities provided by the EU and the capabilities of national-level stakeholders who intend to use them. Through an examination of two cases, this study claims that there exists a supranational opportunity/national capability rift in terms of stakeholder participation in EU policy processes. Underlying this rift are the problems intrinsic to the design of supranational opportunities which impair their potential to cater to national-level clients. At the same time, while national-level capabilities allow actors to operate in the domestic context (albeit with problems), they are not readily transposed so as to permit reaping supranational benefits.
Accordingly, this study claims that despite the variety and extensiveness of EU efforts, the re-definition of the dynamics of policy involvement and the expansion of the policy space to include multiple stakeholders remain at an incipient stage. The problems and limits of activities at the supranational level continue to originate from constraints associated with the nation state as much, if not more, than the problems of the supranational channels themselves.
Pichonnier, Christopher. "La France et la Hongrie (1989-2004)." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BOR30018/document.
Full textThroughout history, relations between France and Hungary have been complex and ambiguous, often characterized by a certain distance and sometimes marked by a genuine resentment. During the early modern period, the Turkish occupation and the long association of Hungary to the Habsburg Empire certainly contributed to building barriers between the two states and thus to slowing down the development of stronger ties. In a similar manner, during the 20th century, even though many factors – geographical, cultural, as well as societal – should have led France to develop a similar relationship of confidence and friendship with Hungary as those it had with other central European capitals, the two World Wars – and the revisionist and communist periods that followed in Hungary – as well as the deep “injury” inflicted on the Hungarians by the Treaty of Trianon have constantly pushed both states into opposing camps. In a country where the intelligentsia was historically quick to “look towards Paris”, these factors and events contributed to creating the myth of an “impossible love” between the two countries. Considered for a very long time as a German zone of influence, Hungary never really represented a favored partner for France in the eastern part of the continent, and the relations between the countries remained largely irregular and asymmetrical. Under these conditions, the major upheavals of the years 1989-1990, while offering an opportunity to redesign a new Europe, also allowed a chance for a new start in French-Hungarian relations. This thesis provides the first analysis of the overall strengthening of French-Hungarian relations in this new historical context. Starting with the observation that French-Hungarian relations undergo a change of dimension from 1989 – a transformation that will be discussed and analyzed – our work tries to understand on the one hand whether this mutation represents a modification of the real nature of French foreign policy towards Hungary, given that the country was mostly treated until then as part of the global periphery; and, on the other hand, whether this period marks the end of an absent France in Hungary. At the twilight of the Cold War and the dawn of the EU's enlargement, does the period from 1989 to 2004 mark the end of an ambiguous and asymmetrical relationship between France and Hungary and the start of a new era for French-Hungarian relations? The thesis is divided into four main parts : the first part provides a general overview of the topic and tests the idea of a “new beginning” of French-Hungarian relations. The second part delivers an analysis of the evolution of cultural relations between the two countries from 1989 to 2004. The third part is dedicated to the strengthening of economic ties between the two states. Finally, the last part studies the evolution of the relations between the two countries throughout the process of the EU and NATO's enlargement
Fultz, Danielle. "Educational Inequalities for First-Generation Magrebian Muslim Youth in France: A Study of the Policies of Education as a Force of Assimilation." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1409051763.
Full textBerger, Denis. "Coupables d'être vulnérables, les motocyclistes face aux politiques de sécurité routière en France et en Europe." Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080019.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to an aspect of road safety policy, an almost universal public policy, and to a particular category of drivers, namely motorcyclists. They represent both a distinct road users' group, subject as such to specific regulations, and, at least when there are and do consider themselves as motorcycle riders, a social group. When the French road safety policy was designed, in the early 70's, motorcyclists turned out to be an unexpected problem. After vanishing during the 60's, the motorcycle was back in large numbers with new and young users. The state therefore invented a way of dealing with the unprecedented risk they represented. Among several options, it chose a repressive policy whose evolution we will trace from the 1970s to today. This policy was grounded on moral justifications and strengthened by an inadequate, incomplete and sometimes fictitious statistical body.This policy endangered a social group ready to defend itself, thus creating an organized opposition able to reorientate it partially. To this day, motorcycles remain an opponent the state has to cope with. To deal with this subject, it seems relevant to use the findings of interactionist sociology and to analyse this policy from a diachronic point of view, starting in 1972. We will study this subject at different scales and proceed to various comparisons between countries or capitals. Furthermore, we'll see how it compares to public policy that deals, in a very different manner, with users of another two-wheel vehicle, the bicycle
Shannon, William. "National Policies for the Internationalisation of Higher Education in New Zealand: A Comparative Analysis." Thesis, University of Canterbury. National Centre for Research on Europe, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3437.
Full textKante, Seydou. "La géodynamique de l’émigration sénégalaise : analyse comparative de deux pays de destination, la France et les États-Unis." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040282.
Full textNearly three million Senegalese population out of twelve million just over, live abroad. Before directed to the former French colonies in Africa and France, for geographical historical and linguistic reasons, Senegalese migration field has become multipolar by the new opportunities offered by the others countries. The Senegalese emigration’s movement has been widened to Arabia and eastern Europe. But the trends show a growing portion of new candidates choose Southern Europe and North America. The profile of Senegalese emigrant to the U.S. is very different at many ways that the migration category in France. Starting in the early 1980s, the emigration of Senegalese in the United States outnumbers that one in France due to the economic and organizational dynamism and better incentive structure. The United States offers more opportunities and fewer constraints for the cultural and economic development to migrants. Women occupy a substantial place in this migration, they are younger and often single at the time of their arrival on American territory. In France, the Senegalese emigration is older but is facing more constraints on the economic, administrative and cultural aspects. Over 70% of the Senegalese France engaged in low skilled, paid jobs and save less than their counterparts located in the United States. Thus, for better success and more coming to their families support in Senegal, many Senegalese, rather that France, choose the United States where they mostly work in commercial activities. The family and economic reasons do not only explain, the emigration of Senegalese because they are not the sole poorest who leave. For these reasons there is "new logic", migration-related globalization. These departures have consequences on Regions starting with the most visible are the remittances from migrants and investment, more or less supervised by state or private structures working with inclusive approach
Boutchich, Karim. "Le lycée professionnel en France à l’épreuve de la politique européenne d’éducation et de formation." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCB086.
Full textThis doctoral thesis focuses on understanding and explaining the evolution of the vocational high school in France in the European context. It involves questioning European education and training policy and its implications for secondary vocational education in France. It shows that, under the influence of the joint action of the European Commission, the French State and the regions, a European system of education and training relatively independent of national education and training systems. training. This evolution reveals a new conception of education and training, involves new actors in the political decision-making process, provokes the resurgence of new conflicts within schools and questions the identity and sustainability of the school. vocational high school in France. A socio-historical analysis of vocational training in France and Europe has allowed us to understand and explain that the vocational high school in France, which occupies an original place in the educational space because of its academic and professional bivalence, is changing. constantly under the influence of political determinants. Produced by the permanent balance of power between school and business, this evolution is closely dependent on the state from 1944 to 1995 and the European Commission from 1990-2000. We thus observed that the state, during the first period (1944-1995), played an arbitrating role in seeking to reconcile academic logic and professional logic. This period is deeply marked by the search for a balance between the liberal demands of the employers and those of the world of education (teachers, researchers and pedagogues) attached to the republican values and of democratization school. It is only from the years 1990-2000, a period from which the process of Europeanisation of vocational training begins, that this balance is defeated in favor of companies and private A field survey enabled us to identify the implications and challenges of Europeanisation at school level. We interviewed about ten management staff (inspectors, school heads, supervisors), about thirty professional high school teachers (general education teachers and teachers of technical education) and about a hundred students in high schools of fashion, commerce, electrical engineering and building located in the academies of Créteil and Paris. At the end of this research, it appears that the European recommendations, transcribed and / or reinterpreted by the Ministry of National Education, materialize within professional schools. Faced with this evolution, the actors in the field react: inspectors ensure that the programs take into account the notion of competence as envisaged by the European Commission and the business world; the school heads put their actions in a managerial logic in the spirit of responding positively to the expectations of Europe in terms of budget restrictions and new-public management; teachers experience a redefinition of their missions; students are positioned to position themselves as strategic consumers in the face of a training offer (European sections, Leonardo da Vinci, internships and trips abroad) which is not accessible to all. Finally, we have shown that the European policy of education and training participates in the evolution of the vocational high school in France which tends to move from a training model traditionally pegged to its dual culture, academic and professional towards a model of competitive and market tone training
Boirot, Jennifer. "Experts psychiatres et crimes sexuels en Europe : De la scène judiciaire à l’action publique : Etude comparée : Angleterre, Espagne, Roumanie, Suède et France." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLV021/document.
Full textThis comparative study, both transnational and transdisciplinary, allows to sketch out a portrait of “the European forensic psychiatrist”. Observation of the dynamics in the construction of expertise provides a good understanding of the forensic psychiatrist’s role and of the issues involved in his mission at each stage of the procedure (from investigation to trial, from assignment of a case to the drafting of the forensic report). Immersion in the working routine of forensic psychiatrists (observing forensic examinations, reading reports, interviews) as well as in the daily routine of the justice system (observing hearings, reading criminal records, interviews), allows a dynamic analysis furthering knowledge on the role of the forensic psychiatrist in the criminal proceedings dealing with sexual offences. This approach confronts the rigor of criminal law ruling the criminal process with the practical realities of its enforcement. This research examines the transformation of the role of the forensic psychiatrist in public policies, under the effect of the conceptual changes that have affected the perception of sexual crime and the risk of recidivism. From the judicial arena to public policies, a new figure of the forensic psychiatrist emerges in Europe
Cazes, Laurent. "L'Europe des arts : la participation des peintres étrangers au Salon, Paris 1852-1900." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010548.
Full textFrom the origin of World Fairs until the creation of the European secessions, the Paris Salon played a fairly significant role in the careers of hundreds of foreign painters. Avoiding aesthetic biases, the corpus of works, artists and texts studied traces the presence and the reception of foreign painting in the Paris Salon, from 1852 to 1900. The political and administrative history of the institution reveals the evolution of foreign painter status: from almost nonexistent at the beginning of the Second Empire, to a major issue at the end of the century, linked to the creation of the Société Nationale des beaux-arts. Risky and competitive, the Salon experience was a considerable challenge for all artists, both symbolic and commercial. Parisian careers of foreign painters, from their training studio to their exposition in the Salon, are less interpretable than for their French counterparts as an opposition between official and independent sphere; Fine Art system appears as wide open to the world and to the whole artistic field. The international dimension of Paris exhibitions had a profound impact on the evolution and the definition of French art who quickly built a hegemonic pattern on it. Unlike the nationalist partitioning of world fairs, the melting of the Salon is an image of the unity and diversity of European creative forces. The national expression is part of a community of approaches and expressions, and Arts of Europe cannot be categorized into national schools nor the style categories of the modernist tradition
Michallet, Benjamin. "The political economy of environmental public policies : five essays on European countries." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01E048/document.
Full textIn the 70s, European countries have started seeing a significant politicization of environmental issues. This trend was expressed by political parties through a platform of environmental public policies during political campaigns, as well as the setting of environmental budgets by the presidents during their terms of office. By means of five essays falling into the scope of the Public Choice School of Thought, this thesis aims at determining whether politicians’ behavior have been motivated by self-interest or rather by global well-being satisfaction.The first chapter examines how environmental issues have integrated the spectrum of French political parties of all ideologies whereas the second chapter analyses the determinants of an environmental offer and this within the European political parties since 1970. Chapter 3 and 4 focus on environmental public spending done dy European countries since 1995, and analyze the application of the environmental political pledges and the impact of the electoral rules inplace on environmental public spending at both, the central budget scale and the total budget scale of states. Chapter 5 compares political entrepreneurship to associative entrepreneurship and market entrepreneurship to determine the most efficient way of solving environmental issues
Pagni, Olivier. "Economie du développement durable et politiques publiques d’énergies en Europe : de l’étude des paradigmes à une évaluation multicritère appliquée aux scénarios d’avenirs énergétiques en Corse." Thesis, Corte, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CORT0002/document.
Full textThe study reveals a multidisciplinary character concerning, in the first time, the economy of the sustainable development, economy of the environment and ecological economy.In the second time, we will study precisely, the way public policies on energy are carried out and regarded at, on a continental, national and territorial ladder, by leaning on the political data of the macroeconomics of energy politics for Europe, France and finally the Corsican region. The frame of the analysis was delimited by an applied formal perimeter, and inscribes itself in a continuum of integration of sustainable development as an aim. All the aspects of the particular situation of Corsica due to its insularity will be approached and studiedA multicriteria simulation and evaluation of different energy scenarios which will conclude our work. The objective here is to determine the best possible ways for Corsica to source its energy in the future.This includes the construction of scenarios, a presentation of the research typology of a multicriteria evaluation, including a summary of the scientific literature applied to energy scenarios as part of the multicriteria evaluation, and a synthesis of multicriteria problematic, as well as a development concerning the choice of the applied method.The results of our study point out a strong preference for the scenario of sustainable development. They determine the best possible compromise between the different hypothetical scenarios according to our chosen criteria. Our obtained result points out that sustainable development offers the best solutions to local given problems
Couderc, Mathieu. "Identités subies, identités intégrées : les Grecs dans les sociétés européennes du nord-ouest (Angleterre, Etats bourguignons, France et leurs marges) : début XVè - fin XVIè siècles." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H009/document.
Full textThe aim of this work is about studying mechanisms of identities' creation. Indeed, The Greeks are people who were leaded to leave Greece because of political (the rise of the Turks), economics (some are merchant) or religious reasons (some became Catholics since the council of Florence in 1439). For these reasons, the Greeks came first to Italy. Few of them decided to follow their path to Northern Europe, towards England, Burgundian States and France. Of course, they were only a handful of them, but we tried to understand who were they and what was their purpose. First we determined what were their number their qualities, their activities and their intentions. Secondly, we tried to evaluate the Greeks as strangers or as members diasporic groups like the historiography traditionally qualify the m. We brought to light that the Greeks couldn't be understood as rigid societies which were never changing: sometimes they were received as strangers and excluded from western societies sometimes not. A Greek could change during his life : he could be a poor and foreigner migrant during a certain period an then become a rich merchant integrated to a western society few years later. The third part of our work was to understand t meaning of the word 'Greek' which is often applied in documents: did the word 'Greek' get the same meaning in England in France, during the early fifteenth century or the end of the sixteenth century? Of course, not. We explained the documentation built a stereotypical speech about the Greeks, about what they were supposed to be, to eat, to wear, to spear or to pray . This is the Greek Identities' Laboratory
Vercauteren, Pierre. "Des politiques européennes à l'égard de l'URSS: la France, la RFA et la Grande-Bretagne de 1969 à 1989." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211974.
Full textZima, Amélie. "Penser le changement en relations internationales : le cas du premier élargissement post-guerre froide de l'OTAN (1989-1999)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100123.
Full textIn order to analyse the dynamics that make change possible change in international relations, this dissertation studies the adhesion of three Central European countries to NATO in 1999. The analysis deals with the factors that allow the switch from the status of enemy to partner or ally. By doing this, the thesis builds on the hypothesis that these evolutions are dependent on a socialization process. However a lack of interactions and of reconciliation, a political use of the past or non-mutual recognition between States can hinder the process. What’s more change is influenced by domestic dynamics. In order to join NATO, Central Eastern European countries modified their institutional and political orders. But this process was not the result of the very pressures of NATO. If the Atlantic Alliance wanted to export a liberal and democratic model and took over the competencies and practices of other organizations, it did not have the tools and the institutional knowledge to do so. So the paths towards adhesion were marked out by three dynamics: a strong concurrency between candidate countries, the singularity of each national way due to domestic political games and the heritage of communism and the politicization of the Atlantic issue as a tool to legitimize or stigmatise. This process shows that there was not a strict equivalence between post-communist transformations and the adhesions. Hence this study suggests that the analysis of change in international relations should take into account the influence of painful pasts and of the domestic arenas
Bruley, Yves. "Le Quai d’Orsay sous le Second Empire." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040165.
Full textThis doctoral thesis is not a history of Napoleon III’s foreign policy. It concerns the history of the French Foreign Office, including its diplomatic action. The first part shows how continuity in structure, staff and way of life reflect the predominance of the classical model. In the second section, the role undertaken by the Quai d’Orsay is analysed : it was more important than has usually been alleged. The Diplomats implicated in Policy that lead to the Congrès de Paris (1856) demonstrate initiative, drive and vision. The Italian file and then German affairs deeply divide the diplomatic staff, but does not undermine their unfaltering opinion concerning the importance of French power. The third part describes how this classical diplomacy is opened to modernity, through the endeavour to develop French influence around the world and the expansion of economic diplomacy. However in the last years of Napoleon III’s reign, the Quai d’Orsay is suffering from political problems – whereas Bismarck is calling into question the principles of classical diplomacy
Farzaneh, Farzin. "The French Popular Front, the first Blum government and events in Switzerland as seen by the Vaudois Press, 1934-1937 /." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64075.
Full textAutran, Jean-Marie. "Truman, "faith-based" diplomatie et ambigüités du Plan Marshall : cas de la France de l'après-guerre." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BOR30023/document.
Full textPresident Harry S. Truman (1945-1953) claims in 1946 that the U.S. should advance a "faith-based" diplomacy to encourage the spiritual reconstruction of a “dechristianized” Europe .To stand in the way of a Marxist and Godless Soviet Union, it has to begin with France, seen as the spiritual stone arch. More than in any other nation, the Marshall Plan brings a financial, economic and military support, willing to conquer hearts and minds. Many key governmental agencies are involved in this time period, while American churches engaged in aid relief are rediscovering France as a new mission territory. Usually strongly influenced by the religious conviction of the Presidents, "Faith-based policies” supporting Foreign policies are reinforced on the ground by the engagement of private voluntary organizations (PVOs). Formalized in 1998 by President Clinton as a tool in Foreign policy in the enactment of the Act on International Religious Freedom, this approach justifies the tenacity of missionaries from 1945 to the present day in a secular and catholic France. Encouraged by the Fourth Awakening, most American missions, mainstream Protestant churches, new religions like NRM (Mormonism, Adventists, Jehovah's Witnesses, etc...) and Evangelicals, welcome this mixed opportunity: a comeback for a few denominations already presents in the 19th century and for others a chance for a fresh beginning. Although the business of "nation building”, the reshaping of the economic and cultural life of France, is perceived by the American public opinion as one of the most disappointing of the post-war, a deeply transformed French society will later emerge. The overlapping of American public and private organizations, of American churches and missionaries lay the groundwork for the radical transformation of a French monolithic religious landscape. Without doubt this can be traced to this short and critical experimental period of the Early Cold War
Zufferey, Sophie, and Sofie Lindberg. "Mot överstatlighet? : Den framtida inriktningen på EU:s utrikes- och säkerhetspolitik. En jämförande fallstudie om Frankrike och Danmark." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Social Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-3304.
Full textThe aim of this paper is to explain how the European Union’s common strategy for theCommon Foreign- and Security Policy (CFSP) will change with the implementation of the Treaty of Lisbon. A comparative case study and qualitative method is used. On the basis of Smith’s theory of institutionalization we will analyze two member states: France and Denmark. Our aim is to see which standpoints these countries have taken concerning the CFSP. We have chosen, in order to analyse the inner and outer factors, to use the liberal intergovernmental “two level game” theory as a theoretical approach. The purpose of the CFSP is to gradually increase the sovereign states’ foreign policy cooperation. The aim of the CFSP is to become an international visible and active player that represents the people of the European Union. At the moment the CFSP is an intergovernmental part of the EU, however there are presentiments that this will change and that CFSP will achieve supranationality. In conclusion, the results of the case study shows that Denmark is aiming for the CFSP cooperation to remain on an intergovernmental platform. France is aiming toward supranationality and a stronger cooperation within the CFSP. In time, with the full implementation of the CFSP, the EU will be able to compete on a global platform.
Zora, Gülnihal. "Les relations franco-turques à l'epoque du Général De Gaulle (1958-1969)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA087/document.
Full textThe relationship between France and Turkey are one of the longest diplomatic relations of French and Turkish history. By a diplomatic character, René Massigli, these relationships were revived. His short stay in Ankara between 1939-1940, during the first two years of Second World War, constitutes a transition period. He was appointed ambassador to Ankara, which is the capital of the newly created modern Turkey by Atatürk. Also, the official visit of De Gaulle to Turkey in 1968, is a milestone in the relations between two countries.Can we speak of a rapprochement between the two countries in the de Gaulle era? What is the opinion of De Gaulle on Atatürk's Turkey? Did their respective situations provide them an opportunity to converge their foreign policies in the 1940-1968 period? How did De Gaulle in whose opinion international blocks formed around hegemonies divided Europe and spanned towards the East should give way to détente, understanding and international cooperation see Turkey?The most important issue in this context is that the consequences of this Gaullist vision still survives today. The Season of Turkey in France in 2011, initiated by a decision of President Chirac who has regarded as a true Gaullist, is one of the most tangible results. What other consequences of this vision on the French foreign policy, and especially on the Franco-Turkish relations can be seen today?
Türkiye-Fransa diplomatik ilişkileri, Fransız tarihinin en uzun ilişkileridir. İki ülke arasındaki bu ilişkiler, Diplomatik bir karakter olan René Massigli sayesinde canlanmıştır. Hemen İkinci Dünya Savaşı öncesindeki kısa sureli kalışı bu önemli dönemin dönüm noktası olmuştur. Atatürk tarafından kurulan modern Türkiye’nin yeni başkenti Ankara’ya Büyükelçi olarak atanmıştır. Buna benzer şekilde, 1968 yılında General de Gaulle tarafından Türkiye’ye gerçekleştirilen resmi ziyaret de bu ilke ilişkileri açısından bir başka önemli donum noktasıdır.Charles de Gaulle döneminde iki ülkenin stratejik yakınlaşmasından bahsedebilir miyiz? Bu yakınlaşmanın çeşitleri faktörleri ve sınırları nelerdir? 1960li yılların ortasından itibaren her iki ülkede de yükselişe geçen Amerikan karşıtlığı bu stratejik yakınlaşmada bir faktör olabilir mi? Avrupa’yı ikiye bölen ve Doğu’ya da uzanan iki kutuplu dünyanın yerini yumuşama, anlaşma ve uluslararası işbirliğine bırakması gerektiğini düşünen General de Gaulle, Türkiye’nin Avrupalılığı hakkında ne düşünüyordu? Bu sorular ışığında sorunsalımız şu şekilde somutlaşıyor: General de Gaulle’ün dünya görüşü Türkiye-Fransa ilişkilerini nasıl etkiledi?Bu görüşün sonuçlarının günümüze kadar uzanması, General de Gaulle döneminin ve vizyonunun Türkiye Fransa ilişkileri açısından en önemli sonuçlarından birisidir. 2011 yılında, gerçek bir gaullist olarak nitelendirilen Fransa Cumhurbaşkanı Chirac öncülüğünde gerçekleştirilen, gerçek amacının Türkiye’nin Fransızlar tarafından kültürel ve ekonomik faaliyetler aracılığı ile daha iyi tanınması olan “Türkiye sezonu”, General de Gaulle’ün günümüze kadar uzanan mirasıdır. Bu vizyonun, Fransız dış politikası ve özellikle Fransa-Türkiye ilişkileri üzerindeki diğer sonuçları ne ifade etmektedir?
Viandaz, Magali-Lina. "Immigration comparée dans un contexte de globalisation." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30028/document.
Full textBy comparing the labour migration policies in France and Switzerland, the question is how these two countries arrive at a compromise between a liberalism towards more exchange and a legal system aiming at reducing this opening. This comparative study covers the immigration policies in France and Switzerland since World War II up to the latest laws. By starting with the reasons for emigration of migrant workers we must interest ourselves in the dealings with immigration of foreign labour in the host societies through the work permit, resident permit and more generally speaking the "categorisation" of foreigners. The evolution of the characteristics of the migrant workers is also analysed in order to distinguish bettween the different "generations" of migrant workers as well as their integration into the world of work. The issue of integration is treated through a certain number of indicators regarding the workers ans their families : schooling of children, accomodation, social and civic rights; but also through the analysis of the Host Country. Finally, the impact of the communitarisation of the migratory policies is developed in order to display the possibilities for each country to define the persons authorised to enter their territories in a context of globalisation, according to their respective needs
Karakostaki, Charitini. "Les fêtes nouvelles. Enquête sur les idéaux de la société ouverte et leur mise en scène : Paris 1981-2014." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH030.
Full textThe present thesis examines the installation of new festive events in France, and more particularly in Paris, since the 80s. These celebrations mark a shift in regard to "traditional" celebrations which mostly revolve around the concepts of the sacred and the nation. Nourished by an ethnographic observation of several years, this work highlights a variety of aspects: the process of their invention and their creation and by the public authorities; the supervision of the events by cultural managers or associations and collectives; the invention of new ritual forms and the adaptation of older ones; the design of the urban scenery and the use of distinctive codes; the appropriation of these events fro, the society and the various debates to which they gave rise. Each part of the thesis deals with a celebration in an independent way. The Fête de la musique, the Gay Pride and the Nuit blanche are analyzed here in priority. However, next to them parade also other events, entirely new and ambitious, such as the European Capital of Culture and the Allumées of Nantes which offer a better insight into changes that took place on a European level. Finally, based on Durkheim's classic thesis, this work proposes to consider these festive events as an entry point into a greater inquiry about the ideals of the open society. The asserted intention of the organizers to put in place a new conception of living together and the social bond is in many ways the occasion to celebrate a French and European society, that is peaceful, reconciled and tolerant
Dangy, Louise. "S'affronter pour réguler : le conflit transatlantique sur le boeuf aux hormones dans l'organisation internationale du commerce agroalimentaire." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2006/document.
Full textThe goal of this work is to understand how deep the commercial war between North America and Europe regarding the use of growth hormones in food-producing animals impacted institutional history of global food trade regulation. Between 1980 and the contemporary period (2016), several crises revealed the atypical nature of the European Union ban. As a result, the European Union views legitimacy was contested in the globalization context. The conflict takes places in several arenas. First of all, it constitutes an issue for Europe, which strived to find an interinstitutional agreement on how to legislate on growth hormones at the European level during the 80ies. Then, it has been one of the most talked about disagreements of the General agreement on tariffs and trade (GATT) and the World trade organization (WTO) negotiations from 1987 onwards. Finally, it involves the CodexAlimentarius Commission, the international organization in charge of setting food standards. In each of these institutions, the beef-hormones conflict management goes with important institutional changes: new specific units, working principles and procedures were created. Thus, my work aimed to precisely describe what consequences the beef-hormones conflict might have had on any of these institutions. As a result, I show how this specific case contributed to the instauration of internationalfood trade regulation.My work relies on a socio-historical inquiry based on diverse and rich empirical data, in order to cover the three aforesaid institutions between 1980 and 2016. I constituted a documentary corpus from institutional archives, and I performed about thirty sociological interviews. I spent several hundreds of hours realizing ethnographing observation, most of which being facilitated by my belonging to the ministry of agriculture’s services. Analysis of this data emphasizes the transforming role of the beef-hormones conflict at an international scale. The conflict first convinced all the stakeholders that it was crucial to strengthen supranational institutions (be it at the European or at the global level). It also allowed to test newly created instruments in their practical functioning. From this prospective, the beef-hormones conflict management reveals the different actors’ internationalrelations perceptions and their evolution during the studied period. Finally, as the beef-hormones conflict has constituted a pattern to the establishment of negotiation strategies, it became a cultural reference structuring an international community. It is therefore a socializing factor.My inquiry also enables a better understanding of private actors’ expectations about international regulation. Veterinary drug industries are actively involved in the institutional discussions surrounding the beef-hormones case, requesting for binding international food trade standards. They are more particularly interested in the activity of standard-setting bodies like Codex. This attitude indicates that those actors use global regulation instruments to advocate for their preferred collective action principles
Lefebvre, Maxime. "Union européenne : la fédération d'Etats-nations entre préférences nationales, jeux de puissance et coopération institutionnelle." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020007/document.
Full textBeyond the debate on intergovernmentalism and the “communautarian method”, the positioning of the “Nation States” in Europe is a key factor determining the European construction and its compromises. Traditionnally analysed through geopolitics and power politics, the relationship between the States of the European Union is nowadays ruled by institutional cooperation and must be addressed by new analytical schemes such as cultural, sociological, economical and political differences between the nations. This thesis, based on diplomatic experience and academic works, emphasizes the role of the franco-german relationship regarding in particular the negociation of the European constitution in 2002-2003, the EU positions on enlargement and the relationship to Russia, or the solution to the Eurozone crisis since 2010. In the negociation of the financial perspectives, the positions of Member States is determined by the question of budgetary balances in which contributors and beneficiaries of the EU budget face eachother. More equity in the sharing of expenditures and resources could be a mean to get out of these tough negociations. EU foreign policy is another example of a policy determined by national interests, which didn’t prevent the EU to develop a common defence policy as far as it remains compatible with NATO and the US Strategy. Having revisited the European integration through these national preferences, this thesis questions in conclusion the links between the EU, the European space and the European power
Richard, Vincent. "Le jugement par défaut dans l'espace judiciaire européen." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D044.
Full textFrench judges regularly refuse to enforce foreign judgements rendered by default against a defendant who has not appeared. This finding is also true for other Member States, as many European regulations govern cross-border enforcement of decisions rendered in civil and commercial matters between Member States. The present study examines this problem in order to understand the obstacles to the circulation of default decisions and payment orders in Europe. When referring to the recognition of default judgments, it would be more accurate to refer to the recognition of decisions made as a result of default proceedings. It is indeed this (default) procedure, more than the judgment itself, which is examined by the exequatur judge to determine whether the foreign decision should be enforced. This study is therefore firstly devoted to default procedures and payment order procedures in French, English, Belgian and Luxembourgish laws. These procedures are analysed and compared in order to highlight their differences, be they conceptual or simply technical in nature. Once these discrepancies have been identified, this study turns to private international law in order to understand which elements of the default procedures are likely to hinder their circulation. The combination of these two perspectives makes it possible to envisage a gradual approximation of national default procedures in order to facilitate their potential circulation in the European area of freedom, security and justice
Borzillo, Laurent. "Les forces expéditionnaires bi/multinationales en Europe : analyse comparée des politiques d’alliance de la France et de l’Allemagne (1991-2016)." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/25411.
Full textPourquoi des États créent-ils des forces expéditionnaires bi/multi-nationales ? Pourquoi celles-ci ne sont pas utilisées au final ? L’objectif de cette thèse est d’apporter une explication à ce paradoxe, illustré parfaitement par la brigade franco-allemande et les groupements tactiques de l’Union européenne. Bien que ces deux unités ne soient pas les seules en Europe pouvant être qualifiées de forces expéditionnaires, nous avons décidé de choisir ces deux cas d’études, afin d’analyser également à travers les mesures relatives à celles-ci, les processus décisionnels tant en France qu’en Allemagne. Nous nous sommes par conséquent focalisés sur ces unités et sur les politiques d’alliances à l’origine de celles-ci. Concrètement notre recherche s’inscrit dans la lignée des travaux portant sur les alliances, mais également au sein du champ de l’analyse comparée de la politique étrangère. L’explication théorique développée pour expliquer les décisions étudiées s’appuie sur la théorie des rôles de Kal Holsti. Selon nous les décisions ne sont prises que par un groupe limité d’acteurs et résultent des rôles auxquels ces derniers adhèrent pour leur pays. Des arrangements institutionnels, ainsi que des conflits et des rapports de force modèrent ces rôles. Par ailleurs, en cas de décision ayant une portée institutionnelle, on constate une dépendance au sentier vis-à-vis d’anciennes mesures. Les décisions en faveur de la brigade franco-allemande et des groupements résultent in fine de la domination des rôles de promoteur du renforcement des capacités militaires européennes et d’allié fidèle, parmi les acteurs à l’origine de ces décisions. D’autres rôles présents en France et en Allemagne tendent au contraire à freiner l’emploi de ces unités, en particulier celui de grande puissance (pour la France) et celui de puissance civile (pour l’Allemagne). Plusieurs rôles coexistent en effet au sein de chaque appareil décisionnel et chacun voit son poids en termes d’influence fluctuer. Ceci résulte de la variation selon les décisions étudiées des acteurs impliqués, ainsi que des luttes et des rapports de force entre eux. Notre thèse se divise en sept chapitres. Dans les trois premiers, nous reviendrons sur la littérature consacrée aux forces étudiées et aux alliances, sur notre méthodologie, ainsi que sur les relations internationales en Europe des trente dernières années. Les parties suivantes traitent de l’évolution de la brigade franco-allemande en force expéditionnaire, de la création des groupements tactiques, des choix de partenaires au sein de ceux-ci et enfin du non-emploi de ces troupes militaires. Ces différentes thématiques constituent les quatre chapitres empiriques de notre recherche. En conclusion de celle-ci, on peut estimer que les chances de déploiement des unités étudiées dans les années à venir demeurent plutôt faibles. L’explication théorique développée pour ce travail et basée sur la théorie des rôles offre également un outil de compréhension du fonctionnement des appareils politico-militaires français et allemands. Validé pour cette analyse, il lui reste désormais à être testé sur d’autres cas d’étude et États.
Why do states create bi/multinational expeditionary forces? Why have not they been used yet? The objective of this PhD dissertation is to explain this paradox, which is well exemplified by the Franco-German brigade and the European Union Battle Groups (EUBG). Although these two units are not the only ones in Europe that can be qualified as expeditionary forces, we chose these two case studies to analyze, among others, the decision-making processes in both France and Germany. We have therefore focused on these two units and on the alliance policies that are at the origin of these units. In practice, our research builds on the work on alliances and the field of comparative foreign policy analysis. The theoretical framework developed to explain the foreign policy decisions is based on the theory of roles by Kal Holsti. Our findings indicate that these decisions are made only by a limited group of actors and result from the roles those actors assume for their country. Institutional arrangements, as well as conflicts and power struggles, moderate these roles. In addition, there is strong evidence for path dependency in cases where decisions have an institutional scope. The decisions in favor of the Franco-German brigade and the EUBG ultimately resulted from the role of a promoter of reinforced European military capabilities and the role of a faithful ally, which dominated among the actors behind these decisions. Other roles present among the French and German decision-makers tend, on the contrary, to slow down the use of these units. This is particularly true for the role of a great power (France) and the role of a civilian power (Germany). Several roles coexist indeed within each state and each sees its amount of influence fluctuate. This variation in roles’ influence depends on the actors involved, as well as on power struggles and relations. Our dissertation is divided into seven chapters. In the first three we will return to the literature on expeditionary forces and alliances, to our methodology, and to the international relations in Europe over the past thirty years. The following chapters deal with the development of the Franco-German brigade as an expeditionary force, the creation of battle groups, the choice of partners within them, and finally the non-employment of these military troops. These are the four empirical chapters of our research. In conclusion, we estimate that the probability of deployment of the studied units in the coming years remains rather low. Relying on role theory, our theoretical explanation serves as a tool for understanding the functioning of the French and German political-military decision-making structures. While validated for this analysis, this theoretical framework now has to be tested on other case studies.
Liao, Chi-Chu, and 廖啟助. "A Study on the Relationships between Stock and Foreign Exchange Markets of Europe and Asia - Evidence from Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, Germany, England and France." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33926626274706627007.
Full text東海大學
管理碩士學程在職進修專班
94
This research which is based on the relationships of stock prices and exchange rates among Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, Germany, England and France by using Unit Root test, Johansen Cointegration, Vector Auto Regression Model (VAR), Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), Impulse Response and Forecast Error Variance Decomposition, researched period from January 1, 2000 to June 30, 2005, will explore mutual relationships between long-term and short-term periods for unit country, region and cross regions respectively and obtains the results as below. Firstly, the result of unit root test shows the original data of Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, Germany, England and France are nonstationary time serials. However, they are all stationary after using first difference. Secondly, there are cointergration vector and long-term equilibrium relationships in stock prices revealed from Johansen Cointergration test among cross regions of Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, Germany, England and France. It implies that investors can make profits in investment of cross regions through mutual prediction. On the contrary, they can disperse risk by taking different portfolios. Thirdly, according to the tests of VAR and VECM, there are feedback relations between returns of stock price and exchange rate in Taiwan. The returns of stock prices are unidirectional leading the returns of exchange rates in Korea and Germany. The return of stock price in Japan and the return of exchange rate in Korea affect those in Taiwan respectively. The returns of stock price in Germany and France are unidirectional leading those in England. Fourthly, from the analysis of Impulse Response and Forecast Error Variance Decomposition, we find the returns of exchange rate are mainly affected by the returns of stock prices in most countries. In addition, the returns of stock prices and exchange rates have higher explanation facing itself respectively, and the explanation of returns of stock prices is higher than that of returns of exchange rates.