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1
Fassio, Giulia. "Images et représentations de l'Italie et des italiens à Grenoble depuis la fin de la seconde guerre mondiale." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENH041.
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Dans les dernières années, en Italie, l'émigration a recommencé à attirer l'attention des chercheurs et de l'opinion publique (surtout en relation à l'intérêt croissant pour les questions liées à l'immigration), en s'affirmant comme l'un des principaux sujets du discours historique public : sans vouloir fournir un portrait exhaustif des études les plus récentes, il convient toutefois de signaler que certaines œuvres – selon différentes approches théorico-méthodologiques – ont cherché à tracer une histoire générale et systématique de l'émigration italienne, en adoptant une perspective temporelle très large et en se concentrant aussi bien sur les lieux d'origine que sur ceux d'arrivée, mais aussi sur les réseaux qui les relient.À part l'immigration étrangère, même les récentes émigrations et mobilités italiennes, en dehors et au sein de la nation même, constituent un thème actuellement débattu par l'opinion publique, qui le perçoit le plus souvent en lien au grave problème du chômage des jeunes, surtout dans certaines zones de l'Italie méridionale. Dans le milieu académique, les actuelles émigrations italiennes sont un sujet d'analyse surtout pour les sociologues, qui en ont mis en évidence certains caractères novateurs : les nouvelles destinations (en grande partie européennes), la plus forte présence de femmes, une plus grande qualification de la force de travail et le caractère temporaire du projet migratoire, souvent caractérisé par des mouvements d'aller-retour répétés. En France, au contraire, les études sur les migrations ont un développement en partie différent de celui des Italiens, du moments que la France a été et est considérée et analysée surtout comme un Pays d'immigration, caractérisé pendant longtemps par une politique assimilationniste, dans laquelle les émigrations vers l'étranger et internes ont été peu approfondies et fondamentalement exclues de l'histoire nationale aussi pour sauvegarder une idée forte d'unité nationale. Cette thèse a eu, entre autres, le but de reconstruire les différentes phases de la présence italienne à Grenoble et en Isère de la fin de la Seconde Guerre Mondiale à nos jours, en soulignant les éléments de continuité, ainsi que les transformations qui ont caractérisés les vagues migratoires et les construction d'appartenance et identité des migrants.Une caractéristique importante est l'hétérogénéité interne à la population italienne ou d'origine italienne de Grenoble ; il s'agit, en effet, d'un ensemble d'individus ou de groupes appartenant à différentes générations et provenant d'aires géographiques différentes, dont on peut observer les dynamiques communautaires ainsi que les liens avec le Pays de provenance et celui d'immigration et leur variations au cours de la période prise en compte.L'analyse de cette période – s'appuyant à des sources orales et d'archive – a montré que les conditions de vie, les rapports entre Italiens, Italiens et Français ou étrangers d'origine différente ont changé dans le temps suite à l'évolution de plusieurs variables, notamment la composition des flux migratoires, les parcours de mobilité sociale et économique, des facteurs générationnels, la réputation internationale du Pays d'origine, etcThis thesis aims to analyze, in an interdisciplinary perspective, the Italian migrations in Grenoble since the World War II and its representation. I tried to examine the various trends and generations of Italian immigrants in Grenoble and their relationship with Italy, also considering variables such as age, period of immigration, employment, social position. Moreover, analyzing quite a long time, I was able to compare the elements of continuity and discontinuity between present and past migrations, and among immigrants and their descendants.From a methodological point of view, I studied many sources: oral sources (about 80 interviews), archival sources, bibliographical sources, statistical data ... trying to maintain an interdisciplinary perspective.The thesis is divided into nine chapters and two main parts that follow a chronological order: the first part covers the period between World War II and the Nineties and the second part analyzes the contemporary migrations and the Italian presence in Grenoble. In the first part, I used archival sources and oral sources: in particular, I tried to describe the state policies on migration after the World War II, the regularization of immigrants and illegal migration across the Alps. I also described the efforts of some Italian immigrants to build a positive image through associations linked to the resistance and anti-fascism.Analyzing the following decades I have tried to examine some particular issues such as the social ascent of some immigrants, the role of women and family networks, the role of regional associations and the Italian church, the relations with immigrants of other countries, the development of economic and emotional links with Italy. The second part of this thesis studies the current situation: the new Italian immigrants in Grenoble and the different forms of self-representation, their identity as citizens of Italy and Europe, and later, examines the relationship between new and old immigrants and their children and grandchildren. I tried to show the complexity of the links between Italians and the country of origin; their relations with Italy, in fact, depending on the generation, social class, age and other individual variables. In this regard, for example, I have examined the question of mixed marriages and I analyzed all marriages of the Italian church since 1965.I described the places most frequented by Italians in Grenoble, and those who have a symbolic value. I also described the travels in Italy of immigrants, that include the holidays at places of origin, and also the weekend in Turin to buy food and other Italian products. Finally, from the analysis of individual and collective trajectories, I tried to reflect on the condition of the migrant in the past and present and to question some analytical categories, such as integration or assimilation
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Gaël-Moutou, Marie-Françoise. "L'émigration des Guadeloupéens et des Martiniquais au Panama et la contribution de leur descendance à l'essor de la Nation de 1880 à 2008." Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2010AGUY0393/document.
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Nous traiterons successivement des circonstances de l'émergence du Panama depuis la période précolombienne, les premières expéditions espagnoles à la recherche d'un détroit vers les Indes, de l'indépendance du Panama. Dans la première partie, nous traiteront de l'Isthme du Panama comme terre de passage et de son Canal de1880 à 1914, du rêve séculaire à la réalité où, successivement, nous étudierons son destin français, sa position entre intérêts français et aspirations américaines. Les États-Unis et le Panama nous conduiront à traiter de l'installation des Américains, la construction du Canal (1904-1914) ; les traités Carter-Torrijos, entre compromis et ambiguïtés. La deuxième partie traitera des stratégies de développement du Panama; l'importance des facteurs socioéconomiques et la dynamique des structures sociopolitiques seront mises en exergue. L'intégration des Antillais de Guadeloupe et de Martinique dans le cercle communautaire panaméen de 1914 à nos jours. Àcet égard, nous traiterons des apports de la culture antillaise dans la représentation panaméenne, un brassage culturel. En troisième lieu, leur contribution à l'essor de la nation. Il s'agira ici d'étudier les arts et la culture, la musique et les danses, la littérature et la linguistique de même que les revendications culturelles des minorités ethniques. Enfin, nous orienterons nos recherches sur la question de l'unité panaméenne à l'aube du Ille millénaire, l'organisation des diverses communautés et l'installation européenne au PanamaWe will successively deal with the circumstances of the emergence of Panama since the pre-Colum bian period, the first Spanish shipping expeditions in search of a strait towards India, and the independence of Panama. ln the first part, we shall deal with the Isthmus of Panama as a land of passage and with its Channel from 1880 to 1914, from the secular dream to reality where, successively, we shall study its French fate, its position in regards to French interests and American aspiration. The relationship between the United States and Panama will lead us to deal with the settling of the Americans, the construction of the Channel (1904-1914), the "Carter-Torrijos" treaties, between compromises and ambiguities. The second part will deal with strategies of development for Panama; the importance of socioeconomic factors and the dynamics of the sociopolitical structures will be highlighted. The integration of the people of Guadeloupe and Martinique in the Panamanian community circle from 1914 to nowadays. In this respect, we shall treat contributions of the French West Indian culture within the Panamanian representation; the cultural admixture. In the third part, their contribution at the development of the Panamanian nation. The issue will be to study arts and culture, music and dances, Iiterature and Iinguistics as weil as the cultural demands from ethnic minorities. Finally, we shall direct our researches towards the question of Panamanian unity at the dawn of the third millennium, the organization of the diverse communities and the European settling in Panama
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Casano, Nicoletta. "Les réseaux unissant francs-maçons et laïques belges et italiens de la fin du XIXe siècle jusqu'à la Deuxième guerre mondiale: prémisses et réalisation de l'accueil en Belgique des fuorusciti italiens." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209510.
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Ce travail vise à approfondir certains aspects de l’expérience des francs-maçons et laïques italiens qui ont été exilés en Belgique, suite à la persécution opérée contre eux par la dictature de Mussolini. En effet, les premières associations qui ont été poursuivies légalement par le dictateur italien ont été les associations maçonniques et celles de la Libre Pensée. Jusqu’au il y a quelques années, l’historiographie ne pouvait pas analyser davantage les conséquences de cet exil, faute d’accès aux archives de ces associations.
À présent, il nous a été possible d’étudier cette documentation qui nous a permis de démontrer que certains francs-maçons et libres-penseurs italiens, qui ont pris la décision de quitter leur pays afin suite aux persécutions de la dictature, avaient été des exilés politiques et avaient trouvé asile dans certains pays européens grâce aux réseaux maçonniques et laïques qui y existaient déjà depuis la fin du XIXe siècle. La Belgique a été l’un de ces pays d’accueil, mais en outre elle avait été le pays où ces réseaux étaient nés et s’étaient le plus efficacement développés.
C’est cette généalogie des réseaux maçonniques et laïques qui nous a permis d’expliquer pour quelles raisons, même si la Belgique n’a pas été le principal pays d’accueil des exilés maçons et laïques italiens, un certain nombre d’entre eux y sont passés ou s’y sont installés avec l’aide de la Franc-maçonnerie et de la Libre pensée belges, pendant leur exil./
The aim of my research project is to investigate further into the experience of the Italian free-masons and free-thinkers who had to go on exile as a consequence of their persecution by the Mussolini dictatorship. As a matter of fact, the first associations to be persecuted by the Italian dictator were the free-mason and free-thinkers associations, but till few years ago, the contemporary historiography hadn’t really focused on the consequences of these actions because of the limited access to the Archives of these associations.
It was only at the beginning of this century that these documents were found and have been left at the disposal of the researchers.
The study of part of these documents allows me to demonstrate that these free-masons and free-thinkers who had taken the decision to leave their country, in order not to accept the dictatorship, were political emigrants and
that they found asylum in some European countries thanks to the free-mason and free-thinker networks that they had established since the end of 19th century. Belgium was one of these countries, but more importantly the one
where the relation networks concerned were born and developed.
This fact allows us to explain the reason why a lot of Italian free-masons and free-thinkers passed in Belgium or some of them lived. Even if Belgium wasn't the country to which the most of these people exiled.
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Vibert, Dermot Wilson. "Canada's Chinese immigration policy and immigration security 1947-1953." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61662.
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Grohmann-Nogarède, Annette. "L’hebdomadaire « Die Zukunft » (1938-1940) et ses auteurs (1899-1979) : penser l’Europe et le monde au XXe siècle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL194.
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Die Zukunft, un hebdomadaire de l’émigration antifasciste allemande qui a paru à Paris de 1938 à 1940, nous invite à enquêter sur l’influence des intellectuels pendant l’entre-deux-guerres et plus particulièrement sur les initiatives des émigrés pour mettre en garde les démocraties occidentales contre le régime nazi et sa politique expansionniste. L’hebdomadaire regroupe 332 auteurs issus de 25 pays. On note la présence d’intellectuels et d’hommes politiques de renom, tels qu’Heinrich, Thomas, Klaus et Erika Mann, Alfred Döblin, Lion Feuchtwanger, H.G. Wells, Aldous Huxley, Harold Macmillan, Clement Attlee, Édouard Daladier ou Édouard Herriot. Même Jawaharlal Nehru contribue au débat sur l’avenir des empires coloniaux relayé par le Zukunft.En outre, les différents groupes d’auteurs ont joué des rôles importants avant et après sa publication dans la vie intellectuelle et politique en Occident. Le débat d’idées mené dans les pages du Zukunft est ainsi replacé dans le contexte de l’histoire intellectuelle et politique de 1899 à 1979, afin de comprendre dans quelle mesure il reflète l’évolution de la pensée et l’engagement des intellectuels au XXe siècle, et en quoi les actions de ses auteurs ont forgé l’Europe et le monde actuelDie Zukunft, a publication of antifascist émigrés in Paris which came out from 1938 to 1940, invites us to enquire into the influence of intellectuals during the interwar period and particularly into the initiatives of émigrés to warn the Western democracies against the nazi dictature and its expansionist goals. It allows, in fact, to discover an impressive transnational network of 332 authors from 25 countries and distinguishes itself by the implication of well-known intellectuals and politicians, such as Heinrich, Thomas, Klaus and Erika Mann, Alfred Döblin, Lion Feuchtwanger, H.G. Wells, Aldous Huxley, Harold Macmillan, Clement Attlee, Édouard Daladier or Édouard Herriot. Even Jawaharlal Nehru participates in the debate about the future of the colonial empires, an important issue in the Zukunft.The different groups of Die Zukunft authors have played important roles before and after its publication in Western intellectual and political life. The debate in the Zukunft is replaced in the context of intellectual and political history from 1899 to 1979, in order to understand in how far it reflects the evolution of intellectual thought in the 20th century, and how the actions of its authors have contributed to create Europe and the world as we know them today
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Lobodenko, Kateryna. "Images fixes – Images animées ˸ les expériences communicables de l’exil russe en France (1920 – 1939)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA030053.
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Cette thèse se propose d’explorer, à travers la figure de l’émigré russe dans le cinéma et la caricature de presse parus en France dans l’entre-deux-guerres, les différentes représentations de la Russie. Il s’agit, tout d’abord, de la Russie en exil, une Russie mosaïque regroupant de nombreuses ethnicités venues de différents endroits de l’ancien Empire russe, comprenant, en elles-mêmes, une large palette sociale (des aristocrates et notables aux personnes sans rang, ni profession), professionnelle (artistes, hommes politiques, militaires, ouvriers), politiques (monarchistes, libéraux, révolutionnaires socialistes, anarchistes), religieuse, éducative et culturelle. Nous nous intéressons alors aux façons dont cette Russie en exil est perçue et représentée par les artistes nostalgiques de leur passé, caricaturistes et cinéastes émigrés, mais aussi par les réalisateurs français passionnés de l’orientalisme et de la « mode russe » qui en découle. En deuxième lieu, nous appréhendons les manières dont les artistes émigrés traitent de la Russie soviétique, à savoir : des dirigeants bolcheviques, des Soviétiques ordinaires et de leur quotidien. Nous nous penchons, également, sur la notion d’expérience communicable, employée par Walter Benjamin, et sur les différentes façons dont l’expérience de la vie en exil pourrait être transmise au public émigré et françaisThis thesis proposes to explore different representations of Russia through the figure of the Russian emigrant in the film and press cartoons published in France in the inter-war period. First of all, it discusses Russia in exile, a mosaic Russia which contains numerous ethnicities hailing from various locations of the former Russian Empire. These ethnicities thus comprise a large palette of social features (from aristocrats and notable people to those without any titles or professions), professional ones (artists, politicians, military men, workers), political ones (monarchists, liberals, socialist revolutionaries, anarchists), religious, educational and cultural ones. We are therefore interested in the ways that this Russia in exile is perceived and represented by the artists who are nostalgic of their past, emigrant caricaturists and film-makers, as well as French film directors who were passionate about Orientalism and the subsequent “Russian fashion”. Secondly, we capture the ways in which the emigrant artists deal with Soviet Russia, namely the Bolshevik leaders, ordinary Soviet people and their everyday lives. We also look at the notion of communicable experience, which is employed by Walter Benjamin, and different ways in which the life in exile could be communicated both to the emigrant public and to the French one
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Lloyd, Amy Jane. "Popular perceptions of emigration in Britain, 1870-1914." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608979.
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Bornstein, Robert J. (Robert Jay). "Galician Jewish emigration, 1869-1880." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23709.
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The purpose of this study is to determine how Galician Jewish emigration during the period 1869-1880 was affected by the Austrian Constitution of 21 December 1867, and in particular by Article IV of said constitution's Fundamental Law Concerning the General Rights of Citizens which granted freedom of movement for the first time to Habsburg subjects. Various demographic, economic, political and societal factors particular to migration, to Galicia and to Galician Jewry are examined in order to establish the effect of the 1867 Constitution on Galician Jewish emigration.
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Elayyadi, Abdeljalil. "Post-Colonial Immigration in France: History, Memory, and Space." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1082688426.
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Diaz, Pablo F. "Labor market integration of immigrants in France, Germany and the United Kingdom." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2010/Mar/10Mar%5FDiaz%5FPablo.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Europe and Eurasia))--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2010.Thesis Advisor(s): Siegel, Scott ; Shore, Zachary. "March 2010." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 26, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Labor Market Integration, Immigrants, France, Germany, United Kingdom Institutional Racism, Education, Language. Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-88). Also available in print.
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Tur, Bruno. "L’immigration espagnole à Paris dans les années 1960 : discours, représentations et stéréotypes." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100049.
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L’objectif de ce travail est d’analyser les représentations sociales et les stéréotypes sur l’immigration espagnole des années 1960 à Paris, non seulement dans la décennie qui vit arriver massivement des hommes et des femmes espagnols dans la capitale française, mais également dans les années qui suivirent, jusqu’à nos jours. Partant du postulat que tant le pays d’émigration que le pays d’immigration ont produit des discours sur les migrants, ce travail cherche d’abord à repérer ces représentations, à travers trois sources principales : les entretiens oraux, les archives audiovisuelles (photographies, radio, télévision) et les productions fictives (littérature, cinéma). Il en résulte que trois « acteurs » ont produit des discours sur la migration et sur les migrants : la société de départ, la société d’accueil, les migrants eux-mêmes. Le développement proposé s’attache donc à analyser ces discours, à montrer ce qu’ils ont de commun et ce en quoi ils diffèrent. Si certains discours ont laissé peu de traces contemporaines, s’effaçant au fur et à mesure que le temps passait, d’autres ont au contraire perduré dans le temps et sont encore repérables aujourd’hui, tant en Espagne qu’en France. Cette étude montre que ce sont principalement les femmes qui ont fait l’objet de discours et de représentations. En Espagne, une hiérarchisation dans le discours a considéré que l’émigration permettait aux hommes de progresser dans leur métier, tandis qu’elle représentait un danger pour les femmes. En France, c’est la forte présence des femmes espagnoles à Paris qui a alimenté l’essentiel des discours, allant jusqu’à créer un stéréotype : celui de la « bonne à tout faire » ConchitaThe objective of this work is to analyze the social representations and stereotypes concerning Spanish immigration in the 1960s in Paris, not only in the decade that saw the arrival of Spanish women and men in the French capital, but also in the years that followed, until today. Starting from the premise that both the country of emigration and immigration countries have produced discourses on migrants, this work first seeks to identify these representations, mainly from three sources: oral interviews, audiovisual archives (photographs, radio, television), and dummy productions (literature, cinema). It follows that three "players" produced discourse on migration and migrants: the society of origin, the host society, migrants themselves. The proposed development therefore seeks to analyze the speech to show what they have in common and how they differ. If some speech left few traces contemporary, fading gradually as time passed, others have instead endured over time and are still recognizable today, in both Spain and France. This study shows that it is mainly women who have been the subject of speeches and performances. In Spain, emigration was considered an opportunity for men to move forward in their career but rather a danger for women. In France, it is the strong presence of Spanish women in Paris that has fueled most of the speech up to create a stereotype: that of the servant Conchita
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Newman, Sheila, and smnaesp@alphalink com au. "The growth lobby and its absence the relationship between the property development and housing industries and immigration policy in Australia and France." Swinburne University of Technology, 2002. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20060710.144805.
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This thesis compares population policy and demographic outcomes in France and Australia from 1945 taking into consideration projections to 2050. These features are analysed using a theoretical approach derived from James Q. Wilson and Gary Freeman, flagging focused benefits/costs and diffuse benefits/costs of population growth, including growth fueled by immigration. This analysis is framed by the New Ecological Paradigm developed by Dunlap and Catton.
The oil shock of 1973 is identified as a major turning point where French and Australian policy directions and demographic trends diverge, notably on immigration.
It is established that in both countries there was a will for population stabilisation and energy conservation, which succeeded in France. In Australia, however, a strong, organised growth lobby over-rode this Malthusian tendency. A major force for growth lay in the speculative property development and housing industries. The specific qualities of the Australian land development planning and housing system facilitated land speculation. Speculative opportunity and profits were increased by population growth and, with decreasing fertility rates, the industries concerned relied increasingly on high immigration rates. In France, to the contrary, the land development planning and housing industries had no similar dependency on immigration and, since the oil shock, have adapted to a declining population growth rate.
The author concludes that France has a relatively Malthusian economy and that Australia has a relatively Cornucopian one. These observations may be extrapolated respectively to non-English speaking Western European States and to English Speaking Settler States.
Speculative benefits from population growth/immigration are illustrated by demonstrating a relationship between ratcheting property price inflation in high overseas immigration cities in Australia and the near absence of this inflation in low growth areas. In contrast this ratcheting effect is absent in France and French cities where population growth and immigration have little influence on the property market.
The research suggests that speculative benefits of high population growth have been magnified by globalisation of the property market and that these rising stakes are likely to increase the difficulty of population stabilisation and energy conservation under the Australian land development and planning system.
The thesis contains a substantial appendix analysing and comparing French and Australian demographic and energy use statistics.
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Crenn, Chantal. "De Tananarive à Bordeaux : l'identité malgache en négociation dans la société française." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHES0047.
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50 000 malgaches, venus essentiellement de l'imerina vivent en france, formant ce que l'on peut appeler une migration silencieuse. L'originalite du sujet reside dans le statut social de ces migrants puisqu'il s'agit essentiellement d'une elite. Premierement, nous precisons la problematique conceptuelle et theorique dans laquelle se situe la recherche. Les deux concepts de strategie et d'identite n alors l'hypothese d'une identite ambivalente s'adaptant aux situations dans lesquelles les migrants se trouvent et repondant aux buts qu'ils se sont fixes. Par ailleurs nous justifions l'emploi d'une methode anthropologique adaptee au monde contemporain. Les questionnements relevant des relations complexes ethnologue/sujets de l'enquete ne sont pas oublies; au contraire, nous passons en revue les differentes methodes permettant intimite et distanciation. Ces deux conditions sont considerees non suffisantes en elles-memes et faisant partie integrante de l'analyse. Nous precisons ensuite les contextes socio-historiques qui president aux parcours migratoires de cette elite dans l'inter-relation des societes malgache et francaise. Du fait de la colonisation, les relations malgaches a la france se sont etablies sur un schema d'attirance/repulsion. Les merina, elite cultivee, sont fascines par la culture francaise mais, anciens dominants de l'ile, ils supportent mal la situation de soumission que leur impose la colonisation. Malgre ce schema, ils choisissent tout de meme la france comme lieu d'etudes ou comme terre de repli. Puis grace a un va et vient entre bordeaux et madagascar portant sur les histoires de vie des emigrants, nous avons tente saisir la transformation de l'identite malgache transposee en occident. Puis, nous soulignons l'ambivalence culturelle des migrants leur appartenance a deux mondes sociaux differents qui trouveraient a communier a travers la modernite. Enfin, par la realite migratoire vecue par des malgaches d'ages et d'origines differentes nous rentrons50 000 malagasies originating mainly from the highlands live in france and form what could be called a silent migration. The originality of this subject lies in the social status of these migrants since most of them are members of an elite. We have firstly highlighted the conceptual an theorical problematics met by the researcher. Strategy and identity seemed to us to be the most suitable concepts to describe the migration movement and the changes it has provoked in both the everyday lives and social perceptions of the migrants. We have thus posed the hypothesis of an ambivalent identity adapting itself to the situations met by the migrants and answering their needs. We justify the use of an anthropological approach suitable to the contemporary world. The question of the complex ethnologist / subject relationship is not forgotten, on the contrary we cover the different ways of allowing intimacy and distanciation to take place. However we considered these two conditions as being insufficient on their own but factors contributing to the analysis. The second section deals with the socio-historical context which determined the migration flow of this elite plus the interaction between french and malagasy societies. Due to colonisation, the malagasy's relationship with france was based on an attraction / repulsion schema. The merina, a cultured elite, are fascinated by french culture but being the former rulers of the island, submit with great difficulty to colonial rule. Despite the schema, they chose france to study and withdraw. Coming and going between bordeaux and madagascar and studies of the migrants' lives have pointed some pertinent themas out : family values, sexual habits, work, religion, allowing to touch the changes of the malagasy identity in a western society. In the fourth section we emphasized the cultural ambivalence of the malagasy identity their belonging to two different social worlds linked through modernity. In the last section, we explore the dynamics of change through the experiences of malagasies of different origins and ages to explain the identity "bodge-up" of tradition and modernity
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ADAMOPOULOU, Maria. "West side stories : the Greek Gastarbeiter’s migration to the Federal Republic of Germany and their return to the homeland (1960-1989)." Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/1814/73949.
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Defence date: 31 January 2022Examining Board: Professor Laura Lee Downs, (EUI); Professor Corinna Unger, (EUI); Professor Emerita Efi Avdela, (University of Crete); Professor Lauren Stokes, (Northwestern University)
This doctoral thesis is a social history of the Greek migrant workers in West Germany, with an emphasis on the role of the sending country in all the stages of their migration journey. It examines the different ways the Greek migrants’ transnational bonds were formed, expressed and preserved in their daily life in West Germany in the period 1960-1989. Heated debates about the desirability of emigration and return, confrontations and divisions in the realms of the Greek migrant community in West Germany, manipulation efforts and failed initiatives of the sending state are at the centre of my investigation. Starting from the postwar reconstruction period, I set the background of the political and social transformations in Greece and West Germany, which made up the push and pull factors of the Gastarbeiter system. In the three Cold War decades, the Greek Gastarbeiter were present in West Germany and continuities and ruptures in policymaking and social attitudes determined their fate. In a nutshell, this research project seeks to answer the following questions: who were the Greek Gastarbeiter? What did the Greek state do for them? How was their agency expressed? The Greek Gastarbeiter might have been “birds of passage”, but their imprint in the evolving realities of postwar Greece was indelible.
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EPELBAUM, EDMOND DIDIER. ""les enfants de papier" : l'integration des juifs de pologne immigres en france, 1919-1939 : generation charniere, culture de transition? transmission." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0020.
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La france a accueilli une importante vague d'immigration juive polonaise dans l'entre, deux guerres dont l'integration est souvent citee comme exemplaire dans les milieux immigres contemporains. Un retour sur l'avant permet d'identifier ce groupe a une generation: une population jeune aux prises avec une problematique commune: crise de la religion et rupture avec la societe traditionnelle, entree dans la modernite, difficulte de concevoir un avenir dans une societe polonaise hostile. Cette generation a choisi la france par necessite mais aussi parce qu'elle avait, pour sa partie la plus militante, une idee politique de la france ou le mythe du pays des droits de l'homme et de l'emancipation etait tres vivant. Comme toute vague d'immigration, elle s'est heurtee a des prejuges defavorables, y compris chez les juifs francais qui craignaient de voir leur statut remis en question. Cependant, malgre les reticences, les differences ideologiques, sociales, culturelles, la majeure partie des aides philanthropiques de la communaute etablie est allee aux immigres. Pendant cette periode, l'etat francais passera d'une politique favorable a l'immigration (1919-1931), a une forte hostilite atisee par la crise economique et le chomage. Dans cet environnement difficile, ces immigres assurent leur survie en creeant leurs propres reseaux d'integration et de solidarite sur le modele de la pologne juive. Ils recreent une vie culturelle en yiddish, entrent dans la vie politique, poursuivent les grands debats ideologiques du monde juif entre communisme et sionisme, assimilation et tradition. Ils jouent un role dans la vie culturelle francaise, constituant le noyau de + l'ecole de paris ;. Cette culture reconstruite assure la transition vers une nouvelle identite de la seconde generation, en rupture, elle aussi, avec ses peres et modelee par l'ecole republicaine et l'universite francaisesBetween 1919 and 1939, france has known a significant wave of jewish immigration from poland, whose integration is considered a model by contemporary immigrants. An analysis of their polish background shows that this group constitutes a generation i. E. A young population with a common problematic: a religious identity in crisis, the entry into modernity, the difficulty to chart their own individual course and a collective future in a hostile polish society. That generation chose france by necessity, but also because of its ingrained belief in the myth of france as the country of human rights and emancipation. As every wave of immigration, it encounteredprejudices, including those of the older jewish community which feared its status to fall in jeopardy. Despite its reluctance towards the newcomers and the acute. Ideological, social and cultural differences, it devoted substantial philanthropic ressources for them. During this period, the french state evolved from a policy favoring immigration (1919- 1931) to one of a harsh hostility exacerbated by unemployment during the great depression. In such a difficult environment, the immigrants ensured their survival by creating their own network of integration and solidarity after the patterns of jewish life in poland. A new cultural life in yiddish was born as they joined political parties and trade unions in support of the + front populaire ;. Within the world jewish community, they also pursued the great internal debate pitting zionism against communism, assimilation against tradition. They played an important role in french cultural life making up the core of the + ecole de paris ;. This rebirth ensured the transition towards the second generation with a new identity, apart from its fathers, and shaped by the deeply secular values of state education in france
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Allen, Reuben J. "The Philippine professional labor diaspora in the United States with a focus on Indiana's mid-size cities." Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1286499.
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This thesis examines the Philippine labor diaspora in the United States, both historical and modern, with a specific focus on the modern period of migration to midsize urban places in Indiana. The historical or pre-1965 period is marked by two successive waves of movement to the United States, each of which is based upon different labor demands for unskilled labor. The modern period was initiated by the 1965 United States Immigration and Naturalization Act and is marked by far greater volumes of Filipinos entering the country. This most recent influx is characterized by significant numbers of professionals, an expression of the regional division of `skilled' labor migration flows between developing and developed countries associated with globalization. Quantitative questionnaires and qualitative interviews with 30 FilipinoAmerican professionals in six mid-size cities in Indiana examined topics of labor recruitment practices, secondary migration patterns, and the remittance practices and group formation associated with transnational identities.Department of Geography
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Mancuso, Rebecca 1964. ""This is our work" : The Women's Division of the Canadian Department of Immigration and Colonization, 1919-1938." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36649.
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Anglophone women, working in a new capacity as federal civil servants, exercised a significant influence on Canadian immigration policy in the interwar years. This dissertation focuses on the women's division of the Canadian Department of Immigration and Colonization, an agency charged with recruiting British women for domestic service from 1919 to 1938. The division was a product of the women's wing of the social reform movement and prevailing theories of gender difference and anglo-superiority. Tracing its nearly twenty years of operations shows how the division, initially regarded as a source of imperial strength and a means of English Canada's cultural survival, came to symbolize the disadvantages of Canada's connection to Great Britain and supposed weaknesses inherent in the female character. This institutional study explores the real and imagined connections among gender, imperialism, and the changing socio-economic landscape of interwar Canada.
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Giner, Clotilde. "The contentious politics of childhood and migration : grassroots mobilisations in support of ‘non-status’ children in England and France." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2010. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/4535/.
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This thesis examines grassroots mobilisations in France and England in support of children and families with no right to remain on the territory. It aims to provide a better understanding of the influence of 'childhood' as a social concept and 'the child' as a social actor on social mobilisations in support of 'non-status' children. It also intends to analyse the impact of national contexts on mobilisations. The study is comparative in scope and relies on the analysis of 1,272 claims made in newspapers and 65 interviews with grassroots campaigners. The thesis first maps the field of contention as it applies to 'non-status' children. It then goes on to investigate actors' pathways into campaigning and their reasons for getting involved and sustaining involvement. It finally considers actors' conscious work to attract and mobilise bystanders. This thesis shows that the presence of children considerably affected campaigning activities. First, children played an important role as key recruiting agents and influential collective actors. Second, childhood as a concept constituted a powerful mobilising factor, and campaigners strategically used the image of the child as innocent and vulnerable when making claims. Overall, mobilisations in support of 'non-status' children and families in France and England presented many similarities, including their strong emotional component and the central role of schools. However, national contexts also played a role in enabling or constraining mobilisations. I identify both structural and discursive differences between the French and English contexts which considerably affected campaigns. In particular, structural differences in the implementation of migration policies had a noticeable effect on campaigners' perceived ability to exert change. Furthermore, mobilisations in France grew into a national network able and willing to make political claims. By contrast, mobilisations in England remained isolated and rarely adopted a political stance, focusing instead on the individual child or family.
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Toalster, Richard. "A study of the experiences of international migrants in the UK : a life history approach." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2012. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12389/.
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Globalisation can no longer be thought of as a term that merely describes the practical, political and procedural networking of capital, commodities and consumers. Working reflexively it networks people, who use the physical, electronic and psychological networks set up to serve the interests of global commerce to travel from one locale to another. Like the cheap frocks, fridges or foodstuffs globalisation has weaned society to expect, these people are a ubiquitous source of labour, prepared to work in our factories and in our fields, servicing our hotel rooms, cleaning our homes and teaching our children. Yet despite this little is known about the lives of international migrants in the UK from their own perspectives, and there is relatively little social research (educational) with which to contextualise the migration statistics or evaluate the claims of the British press. This thesis starts by discussing the impacts of rising international migration on a place, Nottingham. It moves forward to discuss the relationship between UK society, globalisation and international migration to explore the idea that globalisation is reflexive, and that people are able to use what Appadurai (1996) terms the scapes of globalisation to network themselves from poorer regions of the world toward regions where they will experience higher levels of safety, structure and reward for their labours. Investigating the range of statistical, policy, evaluative and scholarly research relating to international migrants in the UK, this thesis focuses in on the need to ‘get beneath’ the statistics, the reports and the evaluations, to understand international migrants, their lives in Britain and their relationships with UK society and its social structures from their own perspectives. The study, which drew on material from a series of interviews held with 20 international migrants over the course of a year, succeeded in giving ‘voice’ to a set of deeply personal narratives about circumstances, motives, dreams and aspirations that belonged to a group of people who are often spoken of, but rarely heard; those living the ‘silenced lives’ (LeCompte, 1993) of the ‘hard to reach’. The study found that reflexive globalisation is not a fair and equal process; migrants enter and travel through ‘zones of migration’, which they navigate and negotiate via the differing amounts of agency apportioned to them by the UK State on the basis of their legitimacy within and in relation to a tiered policy of immigration and asylum. Framed by this relationship with the UK State, migrants become agents of this legitimacy, which serves to empower or restrict their abilities to act. Further agency is found in securing paid employment and by ‘diasporic clustering’ rather than integration. The thesis argues that the concept of reflexive globalisation adds to the literature around ‘glocalisation’ and the ‘geography of power’ and that the study itself (in its development of substantive and lasting relationships with a ‘hard to reach sample’) offers practical insights from which other researchers may benefit.
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MacDonald, Andrew Scott. "Colonial trespassers in the making of South Africa's international borders 1900 to c.1950." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610898.
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Adler, Karen H. "Idealizing France, 1942-1948 : the place of gender and race." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262691.
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Baycar, Muhammet Kazim. "Ottoman-Arab transatlantic migrations in the age of mass migrations (1870-1914)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:00e0eaca-5981-4edd-97fc-0fd06a472df8.
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This thesis sketches out the history of Ottoman-Arab emigration from Greater Syria to the United States and to Argentina from the late nineteenth century up to the end of World War I, relying primarily (but not solely) on the related documents preserved in the Ottoman Archives. It depicts a wide range of this emigration history, including the scale and the number of immigrants, the causes behind emigration, the ways that emigrants managed to reach the Americas, the attitudes of Ottoman governments toward them, and the ways that emigrants adapted to their host societies. The thesis analyses the Ottoman-Arab emigration phenomenon from social and economic perspectives and in the larger context comprising other European population movements to the New World during this period, which has been called 'the Age of Mass Migrations'.
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Mayer, Tamara M. "Islam in America why U.S. Muslims are less likely to radicalize than their European counterparts." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Dec/09Dec%5FMayer.pdf.
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Thesis (M. A. in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009.Thesis Advisor(s): Kadhim, Abbas ; Shore, Zachary. "December 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 27, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Islam, Muslim, radicalization, Germany, France, United Kingdom, terrorist, home-grown, immigration, integration. Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-85). Also available in print.
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Almeida, Gisele Maria Ribeiro de 1976. "Au revoir Brésil : um estudo sobre a imigração brasileira na França após 1980." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280931.
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Orientador: Rosana Aparecida BaeningerTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: A imigração brasileira na França após 1980 foi analisada aqui a partir do reconhecimento da heterogeneidade das modalidades que compõem este fluxo, cuja dinâmica revela a presença concomitante de "antigas" e "novas" lógicas migratórias. Antigas porque há um persistente fluxo de estudantes brasileiros que se volta às instituições francesas de ensino, graças à presença de relações históricas entre o Brasil e a França consolidadas nesse âmbito. No entanto, como parte das migrações internacionais contemporâneas, verifica-se também a presença de novas modalidades migratórias no recente fluxo de brasileiros para a França, deslocamentos que acompanham às transformações sociais advindas com a intensificação da chamada globalização e toda a dinâmica associada, nesse cenário, à diminuição das distâncias e à crescente mobilidade humana. Como se argumenta na tese, o uso das modalidades migratórias na análise permitiu a reconstrução dos processos sociais que engendram os fluxos, ao mesmo tempo em que contemplou a incorporação dos diferentes interesses e estratégias dos migrantes e das repercussões correspondentes nas formas de instalação na sociedade de destino. Se o nível de autonomia e de coação que os agentes experimentam não é idêntico entre os diferentes perfis de migrantes, consequentemente as práticas e os mecanismos envolvidos no projeto e na realização da migração conjugam essas especificidades
Abstract: Brazilian immigration in France after 1980 was analyzed here with regard to the heterogeneity of the modalities that make this flow, whose dynamics reveal the concomitant presence of "old" and "new" migratory logics. Old because there is a persistent flow of brazilian students that turns itself to French learning institutions, thanks to the existence of historical links between Brazil and France within that circle. However, as a part of contemporary international migrations, there are also new migratory modalities in the recent flow of Brazilians to France, displacements that go hand in hand with the social transformations resulting from the intensification of the so-called globalization and from all dynamics associated to the diminishing distances and growing human mobility in that backdrop. As it is stated in the thesis, the use of migratory modalities in the analysis has allowed the rebuilding of the social processes that bring those flows, contemplating, at the same time, the incorporation of different interests and strategies of the migrants, as well as the corresponding repercussions in the ways of installation in destination societies. If the levels of autonomy and coercion that the agents experience aren't identical in the different profiles of migrants, consequently, the practices and the mechanisms involved in the planning and execution of the migration include these features
Doutorado
Sociologia
Doutora em Sociologia
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Rutland, Suzanne D. "The Jewish Community In New South Wales 1914-1939." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/6536.
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Rutland, Suzanne D. "The Jewish Community In New South Wales 1914-1939." University of Sydney, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/6536.
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McNamara, Sara. "Posters, Politics and immigration during the May 1968 Protests in France." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2010. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/110.
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How were immigrants, immigrant issues and their histories represented through radical poster art created during the 1968 protests and strikes in France? The May 1968 protests remain one of the most significant moments in contemporary French history and it occurred during a time when immigrant populations were rapidly increasing. There is a multitude of research, analysis and reflections on the protests and strikes; yet there is very little mention of the place of immigrants during this event. Art collectives that were created during the protests designed and produced posters that later became a symbol of the strike. By using a variety of primary and secondary sources including small press publications, interviews, manifestos, historical and artistic secondary soured this work argues that it is during this social movement that immigrants and immigrant issues entered French social discourse and this can be seen by exploring the messages presented in the posters.
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Ozcurumez, Saime. "Opportunities re-structured, policy actors re-defined : EU immigration policy and Turkish migrant associations in France and Germany." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85195.
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This study investigates the supranational policy engagement of Turkish migrant associations in France and Germany in EU immigration policy process from a comparative perspective. It seeks the answer to the following question: What explains similarities and differences in terms of forms and levels of participation by migrant associations in different national contexts as they engage in the EU immigration policy process? In addressing this question, it analyzes the forms and levels of migrants' supranational engagement by focusing on the combined impact of emerging macro-level political opportunity structures (EU institutional context and EU) and micro-level (collective action problems of nationally organized stakeholders) variables.The study claims that in spite of the newly introduced supranational channels into the EU policy process, the collective organizational experience at the national level locks-in a certain path dependency that holds back the new policy actors (migrant groups) from making full use of EU-level opportunities. Consequently an incompatibility surfaces between the supranational opportunities provided by the EU and the capabilities of national-level stakeholders who intend to use them. Through an examination of two cases, this study claims that there exists a supranational opportunity/national capability rift in terms of stakeholder participation in EU policy processes. Underlying this rift are the problems intrinsic to the design of supranational opportunities which impair their potential to cater to national-level clients. At the same time, while national-level capabilities allow actors to operate in the domestic context (albeit with problems), they are not readily transposed so as to permit reaping supranational benefits.
Accordingly, this study claims that despite the variety and extensiveness of EU efforts, the re-definition of the dynamics of policy involvement and the expansion of the policy space to include multiple stakeholders remain at an incipient stage. The problems and limits of activities at the supranational level continue to originate from constraints associated with the nation state as much, if not more, than the problems of the supranational channels themselves.
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Mouflard, Claire Angélique. "Prostitution chez Calixthe Beyala race, corps, regard /." CONNECT TO THIS TITLE ONLINE, 2007. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-05292007-202601/.
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Domareki, Sarah. "To Stay or to Go? A Literary and Historical Study of French-Canadian Emigration From Quebec to New England, 1820-1930." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2005. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/DomarekiS2005.pdf.
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Gastaut, Yvan. "L'opinion française et l'immigration sous la Vème République." Nice, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NICE2031.
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Sous la veme republique, l'immigration est devenu un theme essentiel du debat politique. Analysee a travers des sources multiples (presse, sondages, audiovisuel, fictions, discours politique, images), l'attitude de l'opinion publique a l'egard des etrangers revele l'etat des mentalites francaise de la seconde moitie du siecle. Effet de la decolonisation, choc de la modernite, crise economique, incoherences de la politique d'immigration, construction europeenne : l'accueil des migrants a suscite une passion collective autour du sentiment de perte de l'identite nationale. Pessimisme ambiant, mise en doute des valeurs republicaines, declin du patriotisme ont amene a presenter le theme de l'immigration comme un probleme. Une forte mediatisation depuis le debut des annees 80 sous l'impulsion de l'extreme-droite en a ete la consequence. L'immigration, percue comme un seul flux de main d'oeuvre ouvriere, n'interessait guere les francais et concernait surtout les pouvoirs publics et le patronat jusqu'au annees 70. En revanche, a partir des annees 80, les francais, mieux informes, plus sensibles, donnent leur opinion et agissent. En trente ans, l'immigration est devenue une question de societe ; les debats sur le droit de vote des etrangers, la modification du code de la nationalite et plus encore sur le port du foulard a l'ecole confirment la problematique identitaire qui se noue en toile de fond. L'ensemble des attitudes a l'egard des etrangers s'analyse en amont de notre periode a travers d'une part les evenements fondateurs et symboliques que sont les ratonnades du 17 octobre 1961 a paris et les journees de mai 1968 et d'autre part au moment de l'incendie tragique d'aubervilliers en janvier 1970, premier veritable debat national sur l'immigration. Le sentiment de l'opinion francaise n'a jamais ete coherent : comportements racistes, temoignages de solidarite se sont enchevetres dans l'actualite, les actes les plus odieux a l'encontre d'immigres pouvant cotoyer des actions solidaires ou des scenes positives de cohabitation inter-ethnique. Les forces publiques et politiques illustrent cette diversite et dualite des comportements. Face a une extreme-droite, ouvertement hostile a la presence d'etrangers, on a retrouve un groupe heterogene de mouvements solidaires a l'egard des migrants : extreme-gauche, chretiens, associations, personnages publics. Quant aux partis trUnder the ve republic, the immigration has become an essential theme of the political debate. Analyzeed through many sources (press, polls, audiovisual, fiction, political speech, images), the attitude of the public opinion with regard to foreigners reveals the french mentality state of the second half of the century. Effect of the decolonisation, shock of the modernity, economic crisis, incoherences of the policy of immigration, european construction: the welcome of the migrants has aroused a collective passion around the sentiment of loss of the national identity. Ambient pessimism, placement in republican value doubt, decline of the patriotism have brought to present the theme of the immigration as a problem. A strong mediatisation since the begining of 80's under the impetus of the extreme-right has been the consequence. The immigration, perceived as an alone flow of working labors hardly ever concerned the french and concerned especially public authorities and the trusteeship until the 70's. In revenge, to leave from 80s, the french, better informed, more sensitive, give their opinion and act. In thirty years, the immigration has become a question of society; debates on the right of foreigner vote, the modification of the code of the nationality and more again on the port of the scarf to school confirm the problematical identity that ties in cloth of bottom. The totality of attitudes with regard to foreigners analyze upstream our period, first of all across them the event founders and symbolic that are "ratonnades" of 17 october 1961 to paris and days of may 1968 and on the other hand to the moment of the tragic fire of aubervilliers in january 1970, real first national debate on the immigration the sentiment of the french opinion has never been coherent: racist behaviors, testimonies of solidarity have confused in the current events, most odious acts against immigrants being able to live together of interdependent actions or positive cohabitation. Political and public forces illustrate this diversity and duality of behaviors. In the face of an extreme-right, openly hostile to the presence of foreigners, one has found a heterogeneous group of interdependent movements with regard to migrants: extreme-left, christians, associations, public celebrities. As for traditional parties, straight curator and communist and socialist left, they have adopted a perha
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Guillaume, Valentin. "L'autre exil : trajectoires migratoires et stratégies d'insertion de la Grande Emigration polonaise de 1831 dans I'Ouest de la France." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0062.
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Les réfugiés oubliés de la Grande Emigration polonaise ont suivi la même route que leurs illustres compagnons d'exil lorsqu'il a fallu fuir en France après la défaite de l'insurrection de 1830 contre la domination de l'Empire russe. Pourtant, ils n'ont pas trouvé dans ce pays d'accueil la même place, ni le même écho qu'Adam Mickiewicz ou Frédéric Chopin. Ils n'y ont pas joué le même rôle, ni investi les mêmes lieux et de fait, bien que largement majoritaire, ils n'ont pas encore intégré l'histoire de ce prestigieux exil polonais. Loin de Paris, la « seconde capitale polonaise » au XIXe siècle, la France que ces réfugiés oubliés connurent ne fut pas une terre de combat politique, elle fut avant tout une terre de vie et de survie, d'intégration ou de misère. Cette étude s'attache à étudier les trajectoires oubliées de ces réfugiés, témoins du passage d'un engagement armé en Pologne à des préoccupations économiques au quotidien en France, du passage de l'espoir d'un retour collectif et glorieux à la construction individuelle d'une vie et d'un avenir en France. Accueillis avec enthousiasme par la population française en 1831, confrontés au premier véritable cadre législatif français à l'endroit des réfugiés, poussés à s'insérer économiquement par les gouvernements français, ces Polonais épousèrent également en nombre des Françaises et laissèrent de multiples traces insoupçonnées de leurs misères ou de leurs succès professionnels au service de la France. Ainsi, le devenir de ces réfugiés dans la société française ne complexifie pas seulement l'image de la Grande Emigration polonaise, ne pousse pas seulement à reconsidérer les contours de l'exil, il interroge également la condition de réfugié dans la France du XIXe siècleThe forgotten refugees of the Great Emigration have followed the same way as their illustrious exile companions when they fled to France after the 1830 insurrection defeat against the Russian Empire. However, in that host country, they did not find the same place and the same echo as Adam Mickiewicz or Frederic Chopin. They did not play the same role, did not inhabit the same places, and, although they were in majority, they still have not dealt with this prestigious polish exile story. Far from Paris, the "second polish capital city" in the 19th century, those forgotten refugees did not get to know France (especially the west of France, according to that study) as a land of polical struggle, but rather as a land of life and survival, where they experienced integration or poverty. That study endeavours to analyse the forgotten paths taken by these refugees, who lived a change from fights in Poland to daily economic worries in France, from hope for a glorious and collective return, to the personal construction of their life and future in France. Welcomed with enthusiasm by French people in 1831, confronted with the first French legislation regarding the refugees in 1832, pushed by French governments to integrate themselves economically, these Polish men married many French women and left a multitude of unexpected marks of their poverty or their professional success in France. The future of these refugees in French society, which is the subject of this study, does not only make the image of the Great Emigration more complex, it does not only encourage to reconsider the definition of exile, it also leads us into a reflexion on the refugee social status in France in the 19th century
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Reding, Miles. ""Yesterday's Colonization and Today's Immigration": an Intellectual Biography of Abdelmalek Sayad, 1957-1998." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/22693.
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This thesis traces the development of Algerian sociologist Abdelmalek Sayad’s ideas pertaining to Algerian immigration in France in the postcolonial period. I show that Sayad must be understood as more than simply an accomplished scholar; he must also be seen as a scientific intellectual operating within a particular historical moment. Sayad’s writings on the migrant condition are, I argue, a sociological analysis of Algerian immigrants’ existential dilemma that is rooted in a loss of sense of belonging and a feeling of being oppressed by state power and dominant members of French society. In addition, Sayad’s radical critique of the nation-state operated both as an explanation of Algerians’ sense of liminality as well as his attempt to recast the narrative of Algerian immigration in France as a form of neocolonialism. Sayad’s sociological work was not purely academic; it was impassioned and, at times, imbued with the language of a moral voice.
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Ticktin, Miriam Iris. "Between justice and compassion "les sans papiers" and the political economy of health, human rights and humanitarianism in France /." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/61763840.html.
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Lima, Silvio Cezar de Souza. "Determinismo biológico e imigração chinesa em Nicolau Moreira (1870-1890)." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2005. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/6126.
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Previous issue date: 2005No início da década de 1870, a imigração torna-se preocupação central das elites brasileiras. Com a visível falência do regime escravocrata, os agricultores são levados a pensar em novas formas de trabalho e como conseguir novos braços para a lavoura. Assim, a discussão sobre possíveis formas de imigração e sobre o tipo racial do imigrante torna-se um dos grandes desafios do Brasil das últimas décadas do século XIX. Em meio a este contexto, debates sobre a conveniência da contratação de trabalhadores chineses mobilizaram as elites. Destes debates, participou o Dr. Nicolau Joaquim Moreira, que considerava fundamental a participação dos médicos, tanto na escolha de um tipo de imigrante ideal, quanto na preocupação em manter os imigrantes saudáveis e produtivos.
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Khoojinian, Mazyar. "L'immigration, une main-d'oeuvre d'appoint temporaire? Marché du travail, politiques étatiques et trajectoires des travailleurs turcs recrutés pour l'industrie charbonnière belge, 1956-1980." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209171.
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L’objet principal de cette thèse porte sur l’immigration turque dans l’industrie charbonnière belge dans une séquence historique qui débute en 1956, année de la catastrophe du Bois-du-Cazier à Marcinelle (262 morts), de l’arrêt définitif de tout recrutement au départ de l’Italie pour ce secteur d’activité réputé pour sa dangerosité, de l’extension des bassins de prospection de l’industrie minière et de ses premières tentatives de recrutement en Turquie, et s’achève en 1980, année du rétablissement par les Etats membres du Benelux de l’obligation du visa d’entrée touristique pour les ressortissants turcs au lendemain de l’avènement d’un nouveau régime militaire en Turquie, annonciateur d’un nouvel afflux migratoire conséquent.Plus largement, la thèse interroge la pertinence du postulat qui veut que les politiques migratoires conçues et mises en oeuvre par les pouvoirs publics, au cours des Golden Sixties, aient considéré les travailleurs migrants comme une main-d’oeuvre d’appoint temporaire.
La première partie de la thèse, qui porte sur la genèse de la politique d’immigration belge entre 1830 et 1960, recadre l’histoire de l’immigration turque dans l’industrie houillère belge et des politiques mises en oeuvre à son intention dans le contexte du double processus d’étatisation et de nationalisation des politiques migratoires au cours des XIXe et XXe siècles.
La seconde partie retrace la configuration des chaînes d’interdépendances qui relient les trajectoires migratoires des travailleurs migrants turcs recrutés par l’industrie charbonnière belge dans les années 1960 et 1970 aux dispositifs générés, séparément ou conjointement, par l’Etat belge, l’Etat turc, l’industrie charbonnière, les organisations syndicales et les services, associations et autres collectifs d’accueil et d’aide aux migrants pour organiser, stabiliser et intégrer cette immigration turque dans les régions minières du pays.
La troisième partie interroge le devenir de cette immigration turque au moment où les fermetures de charbonnages se succèdent et que de nouveaux besoins en main-d’oeuvre se font sentir dans les dernières sociétés charbonnières encore en activité. Elle esquisse en parallèle le processus d’étatisation des politiques d’intégration jusque-là principalement prises en charge par les modes de gestion paternalistes de l’industrie charbonnière.
Cette thèse aborde également, mais dans une moindre mesure, l’immigration originaire de Turquie avant 1960 et l’immigration turque qui se développe au cours des années 1960 et 1970, en marge de celle organisée en faveur de l’industrie charbonnière, à destination d’autres régions et secteurs d’activité du pays (Bruxelles, Anvers, Gand, Ardennes, etc.).
Son angle d’approche dépasse par ailleurs la seule immigration turque en Belgique et la seule politique migratoire belge. Elle s’intéresse ainsi, à travers des analyses comparées, au cas de l’immigration marocaine, qui lui est contemporain, ou encore à la politique migratoire néerlandaise, à l’origine d’un phénomène de désertion massive de l’industrie houillère belge par les ouvriers mineurs turcs.
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
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Ouali, Nouria. "Migration et accès au marché du: les effets émancipateurs sur la condition des femmes issues de l'immigration." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210479.
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La thèse a pour objet l'émancipation des femmes issues de l'immigration. Elle propose d'évaluer les effets de la migration et de l'accès au marché du travail sur l'émancipation des filles de migrantes d'origine marocaine en Belgique francophone.L'étude tente d'abord de mettre en lumière le rôle des femmes immigrées dans l'histoire de la Belgique en le ré-articulant à l'histoire sociale, l'histoire des femmes et l'histoire de l'immigration. Ensuite, elle montre que l'approche dominante des travaux sur les migrations ne prend pas en compte la dimension du genre, ce qui a pour conséquence de masquer la différenciation des expériences migratoires selon le sexe. Enfin, elle replace l'analyse du statut des femmes immigrées et de leurs descendantes dans la complexité des rapports sociaux de sexe, de race et de classe afin de mieux rendre compte des réalités concrètes et de sortir du simplisme des approches culturalistes.
La thèse développe une analyse des politiques d'intégration (politiques éducative, de l'emploi et de lutte contre les discriminations) visant l'émancipation des immigrées et en évalue l'impact sur les filles de migrant-es d'origine marocaine. Elle présente enfin les trajectoires individuelles des filles de migrant.es marocain.es et examine les facteurs individuels et collectifs favorisant leur émancipation.
Doctorat en sciences sociales, Orientation sociologie
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Bruyère, Vincent. "Ouvrir l'archive : rituels historiographiques et critique postcoloniale." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2009. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2267/.
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This research examines the proliferation of discourses associated with the development of Postcolonial Studies in the field of historical and philological sciences. The principal objective of the thesis is to describe this cultural phenomenon as a discursive event in the history of critical practices. Analyses developing Michel Foucault's work on regulations of discursive practices and Michel de Certeau's work on the historiographical operation are organised around three sites. The first site features Jean de Léry's Histoire d‟un voyage fait en la terre du Brésil (1575). The purpose of the work on this ethnographic document is not to reconstitute its early modern context, but first to interrogate this documentary relation when Claude Lévi-Strauss and Michel de Certeau rediscover the text. In this perspective, the text functions as the archive of an inaugural moment referring to the exclusion of the 'Savage' from the making of history. To that extent, the first part of the thesis focuses on the illegible/inaudible part of Jean de Léry's text, in order to question what postcolonial readings try to circumscribe in the colonial corpus, and which historiographical rituals make this reading possible in the case of Histoire d'un voyage. The second site is constituted by the formulation of Gayatri C. Spivak's famous question: 'Can the Subaltern Speak?' and her archival work endeavoured to attempt to answer the question. This foundational intervention in the field of Postcolonial study pertains at the inclusion/exclusion of the historical positivity of the discourse of the Other. Building on this proposition, this second part of the thesis reinscribes the historicity of postcolonial criticism in the project of a cultural history of the hermeneutic listening. The third site addresses the historicity of haunting in a series of Patrick Chamoiseau narratives dealing with ghosts of the Caribbean past: Lettres créoles (1991), Ecrire en pays dominé (1997), L'Esclave vieil homme et le molosse (1997), and Biblique des derniers gestes (2001). This part of the thesis examines rituals that enable Chamoiseau to convert the return of the repressed into a historiographical operation. Following this, it appears that the development and proliferation of postcolonial scholarships cannot be properly explained by the crisis of a historiographical paradigm, but has to be referred in the first instance to a ritual dimension of the making of history in the Western modernity.
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Li, Zhipeng. "La diaspora Wenzhou en France et ses relations avec la Chine." Thesis, Poitiers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017POIT5009/document.
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La diaspora chinoise a pris de l’ampleur depuis la deuxième moitié du XIXème siècle. En France, la migration de Chinois originaires de la région de Wenzhou, s’est intensifiée depuis les années 1980. Ce sous-groupe de la diaspora chinoise a dès lors rapidement développé ses activités économiques. L’objectif cette thèse consiste à étudier l’organisation économique, sociale et spatiale des migrants de Wenzhou en France, principalement dans la région parisienne, et d’analyser les rapports économiques et sociaux que ceux-ci entretiennent avec la Chine en général et avec leur région d’origine en particulier. L’hypothèse centrale de la thèse est que le « Modèle de Wenzhou » en Chine, tel qu’il est identifié et analysé par les universitaires chinois, et le développement de l’entrepreneuriat chinois issu de Wenzhou en France sont étroitement liés. Pour ce faire, nous interrogerons notamment l’idée d’une « importation » de ce modèle en France. Les résultats de cette thèse permettent de révéler l’existence d’une économie transnationale originale, reliant la France et la Chine, qui a été soutenue par la diaspora Wenzhou et a produit une forme de « transfert migratoire » dans chacun des deux pays. Plus largement, la thèse permet de montrer de quelle manière la diaspora chinoise en France a contribué au développement économique de la Chine et comment elle a pu bénéficier de la nouvelle politique de la Chine initiée au début des années 2000 pour se consoliderThe Chinese diaspora has been growing since the second half of the nineteenth century. In France, the Chinese immigration from the region of the Wenzhou has intensified since the 1980s. This sub-group of the Chinese diaspora has since rapidly expanded its economic activities. The objective of this thesis is to study the economic, social and spatial organization of Wenzhou migrants in France, manly in the Paris region, and to analyze the economic and social relations that they maintain with China in general and with their region of origin in particular. The central hypothesis of the thesis is that the economic “model of Wenzhou” area, as identified and analyzed by the Chinese scholars, and the development of Chinese entrepreneurship in France are closely linked in particular through "Import"of this model in France. The results of our thesis reveal the existence of an original transnational economy connecting France and China, that was supported by the Wenzhou diaspora and that produced a form of "migratory transfer" in each of the two countries. More broadly, the thesis helps to show how the Chinese diaspora in France contributed to the economic development of China, but also how it benefitted from measures included in China's new policy initiated in the early 2000s to consolidate itself
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Dendooven, Dominiek. "Asia in Flanders fields : a transnational history of Indians and Chinese on the Western Front, 1914-1920." Thesis, University of Kent, 2018. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/67923/.
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During the First World War people from the five continents resided in France and Flanders, mostly in service of of the French and British armies. Besides European settlers, it concerned hundreds of thousands of indigenous inhabitants from many colonies. The two largest subaltern groups who served on the Western Front in British service - each in itself accounting for some 140,000 men - were Asian: from the Indian subcontinent and from China. In my book I investigate not only their motives to join up and the nature of their war service on the Western Front, but above all how these subaltern groups experienced a modern war in Europe and what impact this residence in a Europe-in-war had on their subsequent lives and on the society to which they returned. A central position in my judgment of their war experiences is their meeting with the European 'other', the local populations who hosted these uninvited guests. I investigate how the European population underwent the confrontation with their non-European guests, but especially which impression the Europeans, their society and their culture made upon the Asian rank and file. In- and outside the Army Indians and Chinese were confronted with different degrees of xenophobia, racism and discrimination, while at the same time friendly engagements with Europeans also occurred. All this lead to a strengthened self- and (proto)national consciousness that manifested itself in initiatives in different domains of human activity: politics, culture, education, ... Through the comparative perspective, differences as well as similarities between both Asian groups on the Western Front become clear, and parallels can be drawn in their evolution towards a stronger (self)consciousness and an increasing identification with the (proto)nation through their war experiences in Europe. In this respect, so I argue, the war experiences of Indians and Chinese on the Western front contributed to the increasingly anti-imperialist feelings and attitudes in both countries.
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Slater, Roland. "Die Maatskappy vir Europese immigrasie : a study of the cultural assimilation and naturalisation of European immigrants to South Africa 1949 -1994." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1633.
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Thesis (MA (History))--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.The processes of assimilation and naturalisation are encountered by immigrants around the world in differing degrees. Every immigrant to a new state, is forced to adapt to their new society in certain ways, in order to be able to function successfully in their new community. This thesis aims to look at these processes as they are managed by organisations within the new society. The Maatskappy vir Europese Immigrasie (MEI) [Company for European Immigration] was one such organisation which operated in South Africa. The MEI was founded in 1949, following on from other organisations which had concerned themselves with immigrant recruitment, assimilation and assistance in general. This thesis posits that the MEI, whilst primarily directed at the assistance in assimilating immigrants, also maintained another socio-political agenda.
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Muller, Adam Patrick Dooley. "The importance of being elsewhere : modernist expatriation and the American literary tradition." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35022.
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My dissertation concentrates on Americans writing at home and abroad in the inter-war period and contextualizes their expatriation with reference to debates between modernist critics over the nature and substance of the American literary tradition. I clarify the definitions of terms like "exile," "emigrant," and "expatriate" central to my analysis but muddied by years of misuse. I do so with reference to coercion, a concept which I develop in accordance with recent work in the philosophy of action. At the same time I make the case for a realist, causalist hermeneutics. Next I explore the aesthetic corollary to my argument with reference to the fiction, autobiography, and literary criticism of Gertrude Stein. I argue that Stein's decision to leave America must be viewed as uncoerced, and as therefore indicative of her emigration to France. Viewed as an emigrant, and not as an exile or expatriate, Stein can be shown to manifest tendencies in her work (towards subjectivity, abstraction, and retrospection) which reflect her dissociation from, rather than ongoing connection to, America. Lastly, I look closely at the work of Van Wyck Brooks and Harold Stearns, two modernist literary and culture critics whose writings on expatriation demonstrably influenced generations of subsequent biographers and intellectual historians. Steams and Brooks can be counted among the most articulate and vociferous proponents of literary change in America, and can be situated at the poles of a vigorous debate within the literary community of their day over whether American letters were better served from within or without the United States. I contrast Brooks' civic humanism with Steams' rugged individualism and identify in the debate over expatriation a powerful analogue to ongoing debates in literary and cultural critical circles referred to as "the culture wars."
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Walker, Lesley. "From old Wales to New South Wales : locating Welsh immigrants in colonial records 1875-1885." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1995. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/26824.
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The history of immigration into Australia is central to the history of European Australia itself. This thesis presents the results of a study of migration from Wales to New South Wales in the latter half of the nineteenth century. The primary data for this study are New South Wales colonial immigration, shipping and census records. The records from the years 1875 to 1885 have proved to be a rich source of information about the migration of people from counties in Wales to New South Wales. A major purpose of this study has been to determine what sort of information about patterns of migration is recoverable and what questions can be asked and answered using the data retrieved.
This thesis challenges the assumption, implicit or explicit in previously published work on the Welsh in Australia, that little in the way of useful statistical data was recoverable due to the historic and official submergence of Wales into England. It has been shown that accurate and detailed data on assisted immigrants from Wales can be recovered from the colonial records. Significant findings are presented regarding counties of origin, occupations, places of settlement, evidence of chain and stage migration, family group and individual male and female migration patterns and evidence of links between communities in Wales and New South Wales.
Interpretation of these findings provides valuable evidence relevant to long-standing debates about whether Welsh migration patterns were distinctly different from the rest of the British Isles. The urban and industrial background of the majority of immigrants from Wales argues against widely accepted views about factors influencing internal movement from rural to industrial areas and the conclusion that there was little emigration overseas from industrial Wales. The recovered data about the Welsh immigrants to New South Wales demonstrate a need to re-examine traditional assumptions about Welsh migration in general and to Australia in particular.
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Stokoe, Diane. "The Mormon Waldensians." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1985. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTNZ,22839.
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Salitan, Laurie P. "An analysis of Soviet Jewish emigration in the 1970s." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f984e4b9-f578-4ee9-89d5-b26a65cca29b.
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Domestic, not foreign affairs drove Soviet policy on Jewish emigration during the period of 1968-1989. This study challenges the prevailing view that fluctuating levels of exit from the USSR were correlated to the climate of relations between the USA and the USSR. The analysis also considers Soviet-German emigration for comparative perspective. Extensive historical background, with special emphasis on Soviet nationality policy is provided.
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Unver, Cansu. "Essays on the economic determinants and impacts of migration : the roles of broadband connectivity, industry-level productivity and human capital." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6367/.
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This thesis investigates the motivation behind individuals’ decision to migrate, the impact of migration on the host countries’ economies, and finally the impact of high skilled emigration on the human capital level in origin countries. Chapter 1 investigates whether ICT facilitates migration flows from origin to host countries based on the magnitude of the flows. Chapter 2 investigates the productivity effects of migration in four European Union (EU) countries: the UK, Spain and the Netherlands for 1995-2008 and Germany for 2002-2008. This analysis was carried out using EU Labour Force Survey (LFS) and EU-KLEMS data. We apply the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) variant for the autoregressive distributed-lag (ARDL) estimator. Various findings are presented in order to distinguish between EU and non-EU origins as well as the skill level of migrants. Chapter 3 contributes an insightful panel data analysis of human capital and high skilled emigration for 74 origin countries from 1980 to 2000 with a five-year frequency. We find a significant negative brain drain impact of high skilled emigration across countries sampled.
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Fabyan, Emiel Joseph. "The world's greatest wagon works : a history of the Studebaker Brothers Manufacturing Company, 1856 to 1966." Virtual Press, 1987. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/498259.
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The purpose of the study was to provide a complete historical account of the events which led to the rise and fall of the Studebaker Brothers Manufacturing Company of South Bend, Indiana. The study also evaluated the impact upon the ethnic development of South Bend from the years 1856 to 1966.The applicability of the Kuhnian paradigmatic process of culture change to the South Bend-Studebaker interaction sphere was considered as well.Ninety-seven employees of the company were selected and interviewed in regard to their knowledge of the company and its impact upon the city. Primary and secondary archival materials were utilized to supplement worker interviews.FINDINGS1. The Studebaker Brothers Manufacturing Company and the Studebaker Corporation acted as primary agents of ethnic development in the South Bend community.2.The interviewing process provided new data which supplemented and substantiated previous accounts.3. The Studebaker Company's success was founded upon intensive employer-employee involvement in the production process.4. The Studebaker Company's failure was brought about by the breakdown of the employer-employee relationship.CONCLUSIONS1. The study proved the significant impact of the Studebaker Company upon the American transportation industry.2. The Studebaker Company exerted a major influence upon the ethnic and cultural development of the city of South Bend.3. The "paradigmatic process of social change" model as postulated by Thomas Kuhn was appropriate to the Studebaker-South Bend situation.4. An ethnohistorical reconstruction technique proved successful in recounting the impact of the Studebaker Company.
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Morris, Michael. "Atlantic archipelagos : a cultural history of Scotland, the Caribbean and the Atlantic world, c.1740-1833." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3863/.
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This thesis, situated between literature, history and memory studies participates in the modern recovery of the long-obscured relations between Scotland and the Caribbean. I develop the suggestion that the Caribbean represents a forgotten 'lieu de mémoire' where Scotland might fruitfully ‘displace’ itself. Thus it examines texts from the Enlightenment to Romantic eras in their historical context and draws out their implications for modern national, multicultural, postcolonial concerns. Theoretically it employs a ‘transnational’ Atlantic Studies perspective that intersects with issues around creolisation, memory studies, and British ‘Four Nations’ history. Politically it insists on an interrogation of Scottish national narratives that continue to evade issues of empire, race and slavery. Moving beyond a rhetoric of blame, it explores forms of acting and thinking in the present that might help to overcome the injurious legacies of the past. Chapters include an examination of pastoral and georgic modes in Scottish-Caribbean texts. These include well-known authors such as James Thomson, Tobias Smollet, James Grainger, Robert Burns; and less well-known ones such as John Marjoribanks, Charles Campbell, Philip Barrington Ainslie, and the anonymous author of Marly; or a Planter’s Tale (1828). Chapters two to four highlight the way pastoral and georgic modes mediated the representation of ‘improvement’ and the question of free, bonded and enslaved labour across Scotland, Britain and the Caribbean in the era of slavery debates. The fourth chapter participates in and questions the terms of the recovery of two nineteenth century ‘Mulatto-Scots’, Robert Wedderburn and Mary Seacole. Bringing ‘Black Atlantic’ issues of race, class, gender, empire and rebellion to the fore, I consider the development of a ‘Scottish-Mulatto’ identity by comparing and contrasting the way these very different figures strategically employed their Scottish heritage. The final chapter moves forward to consider current memorialisations of slavery in the Enlightenment- Romantic period. The main focus is James Robertson’s Joseph Knight (2003) that engages with Walter Scott’s seminal historical novel Waverley (1814) to weave issues of racial slavery into the familiar narratives of Culloden. Robertson also explores forms of solidarity that might help to overcome those historical legacies in a manner that is suggestive for this thesis as a whole.
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Laffer, Dennis Ross. "The Jewish Trail of Tears The Evian Conference of July 1938." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3195.
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ABSTRACT
The purpose of this thesis was to explore the origins, formulation, course and outcome of the Intergovernmental Committee for Political Refugees meeting (better known as the Evian Conference) of July 1938. Special emphasis was placed on contemporary and later historical assessments of this assembly which represented the first international cooperative attempt to solve an acute refugee crisis. A general review followed by a more detailed evaluation was made of existing official and un-official accounts of the meeting utilizing both public records, private diaries, books, newspapers, journals and other periodicals for the period of January 1, 1938 through December 31, 1939. This data was supplemented by later recollections of conference participants as well as post-Holocaust historical scholarship.
Various appraisals have been made of the motivations behind the summit and its ultimate success or failure. Franklin Roosevelt has particularly come under criticism by scholars who believed that his Administration had "abandoned" the Jews to their fate. The President's supporters, on the other hand, declared that FDR did everything possible given the existing political, economic and social conditions of the late 1930's. It is my conclusion that although Roosevelt may have been sympathetic to the plight of Central European Jewish refugees their resettlement and ultimate destiny merited a lower priority given his focus upon rebuilding the national economy and defense. The President clearly recognized the looming threat of Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan but was unwilling to expend political capital on an issue that faced domestic and political opposition. I further maintain that the conference was set up to fail while providing propaganda value for the participating democracies.
The hypocritical rhetoric and actions of the delegates and the ineffectiveness of the conference's sole creation, the Intergovernmental Committee for Political Refugees, was clearly recognized by Nazi Germany and ultimately influenced its anti-Jewish policies. Thus, it is not a coincidence that the pogrom of November 1938, Kristallnacht, occurred only four months later. The avoidance of dealing with the Jewish refugee problem was further highlighted in the futile Wagner-Rogers Bill of 1939, the Hennings bill of 1940 and especially the Bermuda Conference of 1943, a time in which the details of mass murder of Jews and other groups was already well known within official circles. Further work needs to be done on the diverse responses of the Jewish community both within the United States and abroad to the peril facing their co-religionists.
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Do, nascimento Anthony. "Une Histoire de l'émigration, de l'immigration et de la colonisation japonaise au Brésil (1895-1942) : une autre histoire du Japon." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE3042.
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L’émigration internationale de la main-d’œuvre japonaise signe ses débuts au commencement de l’ère Meiji (1868-1912), soit en l’an 1868. Quant à elle, l’histoire de l’émigration, de l’immigration et de la colonisation japonaise au Brésil débute en 1908, lorsque le Kasato Maru (« Vapeur Kasato ») quitte le port de Kôbe pour acheminer les premiers immigrés japonais destinés à travailler sur les plantations caféières de l’État du São Paulo. L’objectif de cette thèse est de montrer que du point de ses agents (personnel politique et compagnie de l’émigration notamment), l’émigration, l’immigration et la colonisation japonaise au Brésil étaient vouées à remplir une mission de premier plan dans la construction du Japon dans l’outremer, notamment en participant activement à l’expansion économique de l’Archipel à l’étranger. Elle a pour point de départ un constat établi par Môri Kôichi, selon lequel la migration des travailleurs Japonais au Brésil, et partant dans l’outremer en général, est trop souvent ignorée par l’historiographie japonaise, alors que selon lui elle compte parmi les processus politiques et économiques qui ont favorisé l’émergence de l’Etat-Nation du Japon, depuis les débuts de l’ère Meiji (1868-1912) et au moins jusqu'à la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Elle repose sur l’idée mise en avant par Nancy L. Green et François Weil, selon laquelle l’histoire migratoire est majoritairement écrite par les pays d’immigration, alors qu’elle mériterait également d’être traitée par les pays d’émigration, dont les « politiques de départ » élaborées par leurs gouvernements révèlent bien que ceux-ci entendaient associer la double entreprise migratoire et coloniale (de type pacifique et agricole) à la construction nationale – et c’est également le cas, nous le croyons, au Japon. Notre travail emprunte sa méthodologie au cadre des études historiques, et repose essentiellement sur l’analyse des archives diplomatiques du Japon relatives à l’émigration, l’immigration et la colonisation japonaise à l’étranger. D’autres documents d’archives en langues japonaise et portugaise viennent compléter le corpus archivistique constitué à cet effet. La thèse est structurée chronologiquement autour de trois périodes. La première, située entre 1868 et 1908, est dédiée au traitement historique des prémices de l’émigration japonaise, et plus notamment aux processus de négociations qui aboutit à l’entame officielle des liens diplomatiques entre le Japon et le Brésil. La seconde, couvrant les années 1910, traite des débuts de l’immigration, mais aussi de la colonisation agricole japonaise au Brésil. Enfin, la troisième propose un traitement complet des années 1920 et 1930 ; deux décennies déterminantes marquées par la montée du nationalisme brésilien, et au cours de laquelle le gouvernement du Japon reprend le contrôle des processus migratoires grâce à la promulgation d’une politique d’aide et d’encouragement à l’émigration en 1925The Japanese labor emigration is a phenomenon that has occurred as soon as the Meiji Era has been proclaimed, in 1868, when the Archipelago decided to open its doors to the world. Japanese emigration to Brazil began in 1908 when 781 contracted farmers arrived at the port of Santos in the state of São Paulo. The present dissertation aims at showing that emigration, immigration and colonization in Brazil were designed by its main actors (such as politicians and emigration companies) as a mean for the expansion of Japanese economy abroad, and, in that regard, can be considered to have contributed to the nation-building of Japan. This works rests upon a conclusion drew up by Mori Kôichi, who argues that Japanese emigration to Brazil, but also in the whole world, is not much analyzed by Japanese historians, even though, according to him, it appears to have been one of the main process that supported the emergence of Japan’s State, from the very beginning of the Meiji Era (1868-1912) to the eve of World War II. Its premises rest upon the idea that the history of migrations is mainly written by the receiving countries, however it should also be the concern of sending countries, whose “departure policies” revealed that emigration and agrarian colonization were designed to contribute to the sender State-building process – and we believe this was also true for Japan. The present dissertation borrows the methodological framework of historical studies and, for its major part, rests upon the use of Japan’s diplomatic records dealing with the Japanese emigration, immigration and colonization in Brazil from 1895 to 1942. It is chronologically structured around three periods. The first part, from 1868 and 1908, the focuses on the beginning of the Japanese emigration to Brazil, that is the establishment of diplomatic relations between Japan and Brazil and the organization process of the first departure of Japanese emigrants to Brazil. The second part, from 1908 to 1920, describes the start of both Japanese emigration and Japan’s agricultural colonization in Brazil. The third part finally deals with the Japanese emigration, immigration and colonization during the 1920s and the 1930s; two important decades characterized by the rise of nationalism in Brazil on one hand, and on the other by the active promotion of emigration by Japan’s government, via the implementation of a national policy of emigration in 1925