Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'France (2020)'
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Picot, Pauline. "L'heure de nous-mêmes a sonné". Mobilisations antiracistes et rapports sociaux en Ile-de-France (2005-2018)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. https://theses.md.univ-paris-diderot.fr/PICOT_Pauline_2_complete_20190315.pdf.
This research is based on the ethnographic study of the day-to-day activities (observation and interviews) of several antiracist activist groups, and content analysis of their written productions. It focuses on antiracist groups from the Paris region : the Brigade anti-négrophobie, the Conseil représentatif des associations noires, the Parti des Indigènes de la République, the network Reprenons l’initiative contre les politiques de racialisation and the organization committee for the annual Journées contre l’islamophobie. Combining theoretical frames from the sociology of collective action and the sociology of race, gender and class relations, the thesis is centered on the analysis of the division of militant labour within those groups. The first aim is to explain how such mobilisations emerged, by replacing them in the particular political context of the early 2000’s and situating them within the previously established antiracist field ; but also by showing how this context interacts with the social trajectories of the activists. The second aim is to examine the effects of collective action on those who participate, or in other words, the products of antiracist action.Indeed, these collectives have been intiated in the 2000’s by French activists, « heirs » of the (post)colonial immigration. They participate in the struggle for (counter) hegemony regarding the definition of racism and antiracism in France. Thereby, antiracist mobilisation produces its own intellectuals, who themselves elaborate social theory. Moreover, the different forms of militant labour (intellectual/domestic/emotional, visible/invisible) constitute entries to study the ways in which social relations of power – mainly race, gender and class relations – manifest within the course of collective action, but also how they are being reshaped. Finally, these antiracist mobilisations also imply the use of racial categories as self-categorization. Fueled by the activists’ emotional labour, this process of identification opens the possibility for racialized minority groups to become a group or a class « for itself », or in other words, a process of communalisation
Têtu-Delage, Marie-Thérèse. ""Clandestins" au pays des papiers : une anthropologie des mondes et des circulations entre légal et illégal des migrations algériennes (1998-2004)." Toulouse 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU20043.
This thesis has for object analyses of languages, practices and distance covered by irregular "algerian" migrants to France in interaction with juridical procedures, established categories, adopted policies concerning them and their consequences. By an approach interactionnist and comprehensive, relations and interactions, between facts and laws, social realities and rights are explored, observed, described and analysed. This thesis defenses that irregular migrants expresse the aspiration to the "right to have rights". A Right which would recognize their capacity to act and to choose their life. That gives occasion to a "legal pluralism" that multiple actors negotiate in "social worlds" to the intersection and beyond the institutions officiality and procedures juridical State-Nation. Migratory circulations assert themselves so as "territories" of varieties versions interpenetrations and right-handed uses
Lépinard, Éléonore. "L'égalité introuvable : stratégies de légitimation et mise en oeuvre de la parité politique en France." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0080.
The constitutional revision integrating the principle of parité (sex-parity) adopted on July 8th 1999 led to an tremendous production of discourses, interpretations and contestations over the meaning of this political reform. This peculiar emergence of argumentations on the militant scene, in the public sphere and in parliamentary arena encourages a theoretical approach focusing on the role of discourses in the process of legitimation and implementation of the parity. The signification of categories such as gender equality, the discursive struggles, and the actors' representations of the reform constitute the main object of this study. Discourses ara analysed as the vehicle for social representations about gender. They are viewed as the manifestation of the ideological foundation of a specific social organization. These social representations are investigated so as to determine in which ways they participate to reproduce or to transform gender relations
Cliquennois, Gaëtan. "La réduction des risques et la responsabilisation dans la prise de décision en établissements pénitentiaires français pour peines." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0016.
On the basis of non participant observations in two french prisons (a "centre de détention" and a "maison centrale"), I assume a process of hybridization of actuarial, empowerment and correctional approaches that affect french prison staff decisions concerning cells assignement, job assignement, disciplinary detention, parole and suicidal risks prevention. In fact, I'm interested of how detainees are screened during admission and assigned to various form of detention (included disciplinary detention an how they get a job, a release and eventually suicidaI prevention measures. The decision-making is shaped by two kinds of assessment : a non-interactional assessment (CV, length of penalty, previous convictions, disciplinary and prison past. . . ) and a face-to-face assessment. The non-interactional assesment looks like an actuarial rationality and his influence depends on organization factors and professional socialization. Moreover, I notice that each form of detention in these prisons is characterized by the specific factors, controls, interactions and emotional climates that affect a set of decisions about disciplinary measures, work, suicidal risks prevention and the sentences of detainees. The circularity in this complex declsion-making process affects, In turn, exchanges by reinforcing the interactional and emotional particularities of each form of detention. The analysis of the set of decisions shows a will to predict inmates behaviors and to reduce uncertainty. Theses staff predictions based on "interested and engaged choice" theory plays a key role and performs inmates behaviors. The interdependence between decision-making and interactions feeds back into the process so as to increase the confidence that correction officers have in the initial screening, assignement of detainees and in their "interested and engaged choice" theory
González, Olga L. "La « débrouille » : migrants andins en France et accès aux droits." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0118.
This research analyzes Andean migrants' individual and collective behaviour in France, in their attempt to reach social integration. The field work carried out in the Parisian region shows that the Andean migrants' preferred strategy can be characterized as "individual husding". The term points to the relationship between the individual and the law and institutions. The migrants deal with their situation by placing themselves outside of the legal framework as well as largely outside of institutions. This strategy is defined by the author and compared to other similar sociological concepts; it is then used to examine the behaviour of migrants of other origins. A number of recurring strategies can be analyzed using the concept of 'home society transfer', which explains the link between the migrants' home society's social and political context and the types of behaviour they display as immigrants
Marion, Catherine-Jeanne. "Le diable : essai de psychopathologie contemporaine." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082459.
Since three century, psychological, psychoanalytical, historical, sociological or anthropological theories conceptualized the devil as a representation, a fantasy, a death instinct, a collective myth or a universal theory of evil. The Christian demonology theory, active in the western world since the 13e and 14e centuries, only proposes a religious therapy – exorcism. Ethnopsychiatry showed to be the most pertinent psychopathology research approach to deal with the diabolic etiology regularly revealed by Christian patients over the last years in Occident. This thesis discuss a modern psychopathology for the devil ; it is effective for psychotherapy. In the Christian Occident, in particular France, the devil is the etiology of mental, sexual and behavioral troubles, and of the disorders and misfortunes of an entire Christian group. The devil is also the most anti-Christian practice, always described by: “To make a pact with the devil”
Hachimi-Alaloui, Myriam. "L'épreuve de l'exil : le cas des Algériens installés en France et au Québec." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0119.
Colange, Céline. "Réalignements et désalignements du vote en France : 1981-2005." Rouen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ROUEL553.
In an often marked context of "nationalization" of the electoral behaviour, the mapping of the votes at the end of the recent polls, translate a clear reorganization of the distribution of the votes. To a misalignment on traditional regional or sociological cleavages based upon left force / right forces opposition succeeded realignment in favour related to the regional or sociological opposition. This research emphasizes the strong socio-spatial structure of the voting behaviour with a particular focus on those in favour of new political parties who are building their identity and their speech in reference to a territorial concept. Our problematic consist to dread the recent evolutions of the French electoral map to a fine geographic scale: the canton and the municipality. This innovative method allows to make the link with the social data but also to place in prominent position various imperceptible spatial effects on the scale of the department or of the country. By reconciling the ecological approach as well as the methods and the tools of the quantitative geography anf the spatial analysis, this study proposes some tracks of reflection to understand the strong territorialization of the votes observed in France
Martin, Pascal. "Les métamorphoses de l'État social : la réforme managériale de l'assurance maladie et le nouveau gouvernement des pauvres." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0077.
Between 1995 and 2008 the reform of the health insurance system in France deeply transformed the social state. From the apex of the state downwards various apparatuses (institutional structures, training programs, work organization) induced new (or renewed) thought categories and practices that penetrated the representations and work of institutional agents. The role of the state was reinforced and managerial policies incorporating a new governance system were introduced. In the course of this transformation, the training programs aimed at different categories of agents were reformatted to fit both the new political orientations of the health system and the discourse of "quality service" with its managerial tools. The implementation in January 2000 of a universal health coverage programme called CMU (Couverture Maladie Universelle), the aim of wich was to protect precarious populations, has been empirically observed. The influx of "assisted" population groups claiming CMU or AME (state medical aid for certain foreign populations) benefits led to a reorganisation of the system, evidence in the way in wich users of the health system are treated at the reception at local level. The managerial rationalisation allowed a classification of users ranging from "good" insured clients to the "assisted" and the imposition of strictly quantitative objectives (norms of "quality"), rationalised work time and work organisation measuring such items as "client" time spent in waiting lines on the length of interviews. At the same time, however, arbitration over the attribution of conditional CMU or AME coverage was left to the discretionary appreciation of health service employees
Loison-Leruste, Marie. "Habiter à côté des SDF : représentations sociales et attitudes à l'égard des personnes sans domicile." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0104.
Homeless people are emblematic of the urban exclusion in contemporary societies. They bear the stigmas of their "strangeness" or difference and embody a marginality and deviance from accepted social standards. This thesis is based bath on qualitative and quantitative work with a sample of 423 persons who live near to emergency accommodation services for homeless people. These people are particularly sensitive to their presence: they notice a number of nuisances in their domestic environment and feel assaulted by these "undesirable" behaviours which threaten the security of their possessions and their well-being. The local residents living neat to these accommodation services mobilize the negative social representations of homelessness and distinguish, according to social and moral characteristics, the "good" and the "bad" homeless people. They adopt various types of attitudes. From "indifference" to "engaged rejection" by way of "critic of rejection" and "distant rejection", these attitudes are not only their own but are locatable in the entirety of social policies intended for homeless people. They highlight one of the current shape of social regulation of homelessness which is characterized by a selective compassion. Furthermore, they highlight one of the current shapes of social regulation of homelessness which is characterized by a selective compassion. By analyzing the process of categorisation which constitutes the heart of social representations of homelessness and structures attitudes adopted towards these people, this thesis alIows us to understand how and why the homelessness question reappears periodically in the collective debate
Christin, Angèle. "Clicks or Pulitzer ? : Web Journalists and their Work in the United States and France." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0083.
The internet is transforming journalism in many ways. Yet one of the most fundamental differences between print and online news is the multiplication of internet metrics : web journalists now receive a constant stream of quantitative information about the online popularity of their work. Does quantification always foster standardization? This dissertation argues instead that metrics take on radically different meanings when they travel between countries. Focusing on the case of online news, I compare the reception of web analytics in tv countries, the United States and France, which have different journalistic traditions and relations to market forces. Drawing on ethnographic analysis of a pair of news websites in the United States and France, as well as quantitative material, I find that web journalists in both countries are faced with conflicting definitions of journalistic value. Traditional "editorial" evaluation based on peer judgment is at odds with "click-based" evaluation, which focuses on the number of page views. In spite of these commonalities, American and French journalists manage the tension between qualitative and quantitative evaluations in different ways. At the U. S. Website, journalists distinguish sharply between editorial and click-based modes of evaluation. In contrast, LaPlace's journalists constantly switch back and forth between qualitative and quantitative criteria of value. These differences between the American and French news organizations can be analyzed as distinct "arrangements" between modes of evaluation. Such arrangements stem from the respective trajectories and structures of the American and French journalistic fields
La, Barre Jorge de. "Identités multiples en Europe ? : le cas des lusodescendants en France." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0162.
This dissertation questions the identities of the Lusodescendents regarding the emergence of multiple identities in Europe. If focuses on the relationship between the identities observed in France and Portugal with the identities of the Lusodescendents, based on the results of a survey of 956 subjects living in the Île-de-France. The first part deals with the effects of European construction of identities ; according to the Eurobarometer data, it categorizes the evolution of identities in Europe during the period 1992-2002. The identities observed in France and Portugal are then more closely analysed, regarding the significance given by the two countries to European construction and migrations. Finally, it attempts to define the convergencies and specificities observed within the European Union, in terms of immigration policies, citizenship and nationality, relating to the national identities. The second part introduces a typology of the forms of identification of the Ludodescendents, wich focuses the analysis on the specific countries. Each type of identification suggest specific forms of valorization of the Portuguese origins, life in France and European construction. The relationd between forms of identities and attitudes, opinions and representations of the Ludodescendents are emphasized, regarding the following points : representations of France and Portugal, opinions concerning the Portuguese community in France and the Portuguese living in Portugal, perception of Portuguese origins, social contacts, values, educational norms, Portuguese language
Etienne, Jean-Marc. "Les lecteurs et leurs filières : sociogénèse des usages de la lecture entre le collège et l'université." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0115.
This work envisages the pathways of the secondary and university education as authorities of socialization which direct the reading practices of their public on the basis of their previous socialization. The comparative survey between several levels - college, high school, university - and education pathways - literary, economic, scientific and technical - allows characterizing the evolution of the reading practices as the pupils move forward in their school route and the role played by the pathways in this process. So it is shown how the differentiation of the frames of socialization established by the pathways is the origin of that of the social uses of the reading. The analysis of the collected materials opens with the examination of the uses of the reading to the middle school. How to characterize these uses? What do they owe to the "effect of age"? To the social and school profile of the pupils? To the specificities of the environment of school socialization? This panorama allows showing their evolution at the high school and at the university, as well as their differentiation according to the pathways. We will show then what the influencing effect of the pathways owes to the previous socialization of the pupils. We will establish, for every education pathway, ideal models of socialization in the reading that will allow understanding better such or such uses. Finally, we will characterize the adjustment more or less adequately realized between these uses and the disciplinary requirements. These modalities depend on the affinity between previous socialization and school requirements
Sifer-Riviere, Lynda. "Entre désordre et ordre : la fabrique des réseaux régionaux de cancérologie (1990-2010)." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0147.
Through the analysis of the origins and the generalization of the Regional Oncology Networks in France, this thesis aims to understand the reconfiguration of the organization of cancer care in the line with interactionnist sociological way and in particular with Anselm Strauss approach. As a medical organization, the Regional Oncology Networks are coordinated and evaluated through the same unique principles as any other hospital activity that is dedicated to cancer in France today. Based on the result of an ethnographical and long-term analysis of two regions that were chosed of their contrasted experience, the thesis reconstitutes three moments that lead to the situation which prevails today : (1) the invention of the networks of cancer, more or less formalized and operating at variable geographical scales between 1996 and 1996, (2) the invention of the regional networks of cancer contributing to order in a region the emerging diversity networks cancer and the cancer care organization between 1996 and 2003, and finally (3) their generalization to the whole national territory, became compulsory by the national plan of fight against cancer between 2003 and 2007. The Regional Cancer Network becomes a new regional organization of the national politic in the fight against cancer. During these three periods, the development of various types of networks was a response to different organizational and professional problems linked to an increased competition between the clinicians and hospitals, the opaqueness of care providers and politico-economic imperatives in constant evolution. Examining the work necessary for the invention and for the development of these networks made it possible to report the capacity of both clinicians and hospitals to create locally new solutions to reorder and re-configure the organization of cancer care, which are embedded in the changing context of the health care system and its regulation
Mayneris, Florian. "Economie géographique, Commerce et Performances des Entreprises." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0125.
Gratadour, Céline. "L'accompagnement des demandeurs d'emploi : de la conception à la mise en oeuvre : complexité des institutions, difficultés d'évaluation." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010062.
Fack, Gabrielle. "Formation des inégalités, politiques du logement et ségrégation résidentielle." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0085.
This thesis on housing inequalities is organized in two main parts. The first part analyses the efficiency of housing policies that aim at providing low income households with affordable housing. We propose an evaluation of the incidence of housing benefits on rents by exploiting a reform that extended the benefits in the 1990's. Our estimations show that they have led to an increase in rents. The second part studies how housing markets contribute to create educational inequalities. We first analyse theoretically the effect of strict school zoning on residential stratification and educational inequalities. We then estimate empirically the impact of public schools' performance on housing prices. We find a modest but significant effect of middle school performance on housing prices in Paris. We also show that the presence of private schools in the neighbourhood tends to attenuate the impact of public schools
Duvoux, Nicolas. "L'injonction à l'autonomie : l'expérience vécue des politiques d'insertion." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0057.
This thesis focuses on the major changes that have affected French insertion policies over the last 30 years, i. E. Requirement and decentralization, and explains how RMI recipients have been confronted with an "injunction to autonomy". Then it attempts to understand the various relations of RMI recipients with autonomy as a norm conveyed by the insertion contract, by means of analysis of a set of 70 interviews realized with recipients having signed insertion contracts in three departments of the Paris region. Three loose ideal-types are drawn out from the corpus of interviews : first, internalized autonomy characterizes as adherence to autonomy; frustrated autonomy refers both to realization that conforming to autonomy as a norm is difficult, and to distancing oneself from it; finally refusal of dependency characterizes as contestation of autonomy as an institutional norm, and as reversals of stigmata
Kobelinsky, Carolina. "L'accueil des demandeurs d'asile en France : une ethnographie de l'attente." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0405.
This research deals with the evryday life of asylum seekers in French Reception Centers (CADA) which are funded by the state and managed by different NGOs. These centers constitute a particular form of public hospitality, creating an ambiguous and liminal space for asylum seekers. Politics and policies of asylum oscillate between assistance and control, compassion and suspicion, respect of international conventions on asylum and exclusion of aliens. On the grounds of an ethnographic study, this thesis explores asylum seekers" institutional treatment by examining the norms and rules of the CADA as well as the experiences and practices of different agents. Ordinary life of asylum seekers in CADA is characterized by an expansion of time and a contraction of space. Furthermore, my aim is to study the wiating time imposed to asylum seekers, the politics that create it and its meaning. I argue that waiting can be understood both as a form of government and as a daily experience that deploys in a multiplicity of activities to pass time
Léger, Jean-François. "Les jeunes et l'armée : attentes professionnelles et représentation des métiers militaires en 2000." Paris 5, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA05H027.
What really encourages a young person to become a soldier ? This question has become particularly important since 1996, when the decision was taken to fully professionalise the armies, and when the suspension of military service has obligated military institutions to process to a huge recruitment campaign in 1997. The large number of other ranks to be recruited (about 30. 000 per year) caused real disquiet : were the armies and the gendarmerie capable to fulfil every job and attract enough young people motivated by the military career ?
Horn, Ruth. "Le débat sur l'euthanasie et les pratiques en fin de vie en France et en Allemagne : une étude comparative." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0076.
The objective of this thesis is to understand how the moral question of euthanasia emerges and is dealt with in society. It takes France and Germany as case studies of this; two countries in which euthanasia is prohibited and which have similar legislation on the issue. We suppose that each society has its own specificities in terms of practical, social and political norms that affect the ways in which they deal with these issues. This thesis thus seeks to understand how requests for the right to die emerge in society, through both the debate (analysis of documents) and the practices (ethnographic work in three French and two German hospitals) that elucidate it. It does so however without attempting to solve the moral question of euthanasia. In spite of the differences observed between these two countries, the central issue at stake in their respective debates is the question of the individual’s autonomy to choose the conditions in which he or she wishes to die
Ajbli, Fatiha. "Les Françaises musulmanes face à l'emploi : le cas des pratiquantes "voilées" dans la métropole lilloise." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0077.
Even if it originally is, a strictly individual decision, a result of a profoundly intimate conviction, the choice of the islamic veil demands a heavy social price from french practicing Muslim women; as it abruptly stops their social ascension at the turning point of having access to professional activity. Ln fact, they found themselves facing obstacles that tell us a great deal about tensions Iinked to their own presence legitimacy in the French public space. What do these women really want is to openly occupy their places within the French society, which simultaneously means to continue keeping their veils on. Factually, to be socially and professionally accepted, they are expected to prove their integration and give up ail the shapes of idiosyncrasies, whih is hardly imaginable, since their conception of lslamity and Francity is indivisible. This study tries to essentially spotlight how French Muslim women's professional inclusion and exclusion mechanisms operate. Besides the employers' traditional discriminatory practices, these latter's merely conceive the islamic veil as a criterion of professional disqualification. This work tries as well to investigate the existence of an auto-exclusion process and highlight the impacts of diplomas professional value, family choices and the psychological management of stigma on their professional arbitration. Meanwhile, concerning those of them who succeed to have access to the labour market, my approach underlines and reports their remarkable strategies and sets up a mapping of their professional habits to flnally conclude that their professional Activity affects the internal structure of Muslim couples
Ka, Ousseynou. "La politique militaire de la France en Afrique (1994-2003) : continuité ou mutations." Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT2030.
Based on a multidimensional strategy, French military policy after the cold war has experienced factors both exogenous and endogenous like cohabitation, including the democratization of African political regimes and the influence of European construction. This military policy had faced on French constituuonnal legal system marked by alternative power. All Presidents of the Fifth Republic expressed an immediate interest through the defence agreements in order to perpetuate the power of the Hexagon on these former colonies. Political changes have been made to reform or maintain military policy in west Africa. But the redefinition of this policy constituted an emergency which prompted France to seek the legitimacy of its action at international and European level ro develop a coherent military policy meeting the expectations of francophone Stales
Sabbatini, Chiara. "Efficacité et durabilité des restrictions à grande échelle contre la pandémie de COVID-19 en France en 2020-2021." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS533.
After one year of COVID-19 mitigation, in the spring of 2021, European countries faced sustained viral circulation of the Alpha variant. As vaccination campaigns advanced, the challenge persisted: finding a balance between the effectiveness of long-lasting interventions and their impact on quality of life. This thesis combines insights drawn from two studies conducted in France, with the aim of evaluating the efficacy and sustainability of the interventions employed between 2020 and 2021, while also proposing more sustainable alternatives preserving their effectiveness. We first employed an age-structured compartmental model to assess the real-time epidemic situation and conducted scenario analyses. Optimal scenarios were identified by the integration of intervention efficacy and a data-driven index accounting for the intensity and duration of social distancing measures. Our findings indicate that shorter and strict lockdowns tend to be considerably more effective than prolonged and moderate ones, all while maintaining a similar level of public discomfort and individual freedoms. Subsequently, we employed a regionally-based metapopulation model to retrospec- tively evaluate the effectiveness of the implemented strategies and potential alternatives, taking into account the interconnectivity between regions in France. The results re- vealed that the spatial interplay between regions significantly influenced the outcomes of nationwide interventions, particularly in regions characterized by high mobility rates. Moreover, our analysis showed that implementing stop-and-go lockdowns early enough, instead of a prolonged curfew period, could have substantially reduced both the healthcare and societal burdens. Our results contribute to characterize the success and failures of implemented strate- gies, highlighting the complexity of balancing effectivness and sustainability. These findings also highlights the importance of considering geographical connectivity in the implementation and evaluation of public health policies. Results can inform poli- cymakers and health authorities in designing targeted interventions, thus enhancing the overall effectiveness of management strategies
Le, Goff Frédérique. "La famille à l'épreuve de l'instabilité de l'emploi : les liens familiaux de jeunes actifs peu qualifiés en Seine-Saint-Denis." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0038.
In this dissertation, we investigate the professional and familial aspects of employment instability among young under-qualified workers. Our study employs contributions from the sociology of work to interpret the increasing importance of professional mobility. Additionally, ressources of sociology of public policies are mobilized to define the role given to the familial institution in state management of the duty to integrate young people in the workplace. The qualitative investigation with young adults from thirty to thirty-five years old, in Seine-Saint-Denis (France), points out that familial support is rarely expressed for issues of employment. The majority of them continues to live under the family roof far beyond the normal ages of juvenile decohabitation. This long-term intergenerational proximity reveals some distortions of family ties and interdependence; we show in particular the existence of 'pacts of stabilization' between various generations
Breton, Éléanor. "La raison du territoire départemental : la contractualisation comme instrument de revendication d’une juridiction territoriale par les conseils généraux : le cas d’un conseil général (2001-2015)." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CNAM1276.
This thesis concerns the “contractualization” of subsidies set up by the Departmental Councils to co-finance the projects of local infra-departmental authorities. These policies of territorialisation of public action are part of the dynamics of recomposition of power relations between local authorities. Based on a case study, the thesis shows how local contractual arrangements were constructed and implemented from the 2000s as instruments to enable the Departmental Council, weakened by the reforms of local institutions, to exercise control over its territory. The creation of rules, work organisations, knowledge and statistical and cartographic tools contributes to structure a “reason of the departmental territory”. These resources provide the Departmental Council with new support that allows it to assume the role of "expert prescriber" of spatial planning of its territory. The processes that contribute to the claim of this territorial jurisdiction by the Departmental Council are empirically captured from the analysis of the multiple material and ideal investments it involves and the political-administrative relations that shape it. This actor-level approach makes it possible to highlight the interdependence relationships and asymmetries that structure local political relations and to understand the limits of such an undertaking. The thesis is at the crossroads of a sociology of public action "in the making" and a sociology of political and administrative work. It questions what instruments of governance, such as contractual arrangements, and the attempts at political control they contain can teach us about contemporary forms of local government and the territorial embedding of power
Villegas, Lopez Javier A. F. "« Les mutations de la restauration : entre cuisine classique et cuisine collective, des enjeux de métier : des outils, des pratiques et des représentations culinaires »." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0060.
The cooking profession has been profoundly transformed by the evolution of technology and the industrialization of community kitchens ("central kitchens", machines, utensils, cooking techniques, products. An ethnographic approach, including a cook’s vocational training certificate and work in several types of catering businesses, has provided first-hand experience over the long term. This ethnography provides an analysis of the practices, representations, aspirations and questions of cooks facing the switch from classical cooking to the assembly kitchen. It leads to questioning the evolution of the profession, the image of professionals, the terms “tradition” and “gastronomy”, and to envision the future and ways the cooking profession could improve its image
Ravinel, Chantal de. "Acteurs et recomposition d'un territoire agricole : exemple d'une région de moyenne montagnes : les Combrailles." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CLF20007.
Villain, Victor. "Sociologie du champ de la construction en terre crue en France (1970-2020)." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE2067.
The development of green building contributes to the legitimation of the use of construction materials that can take part in the fight against climate change. Among these materials, raw earth remains little invested in comparison with bio-based materials such as wood or straw. While the use of land was historically widespread in France, the construction processes incumbent on it (cob, rammed earth, mud, adobe) were removed during the 19th and 20th centuries. However, for about five decades, a field of earthen construction has been involved in promoting this material. In this research, it’s about to show how the field of earthen construction has taken shape and what form it has taken by analyzing the historically variable forms of interest for earthen construction that the field requires and that the agents invest, that is to dialectize the history of the field and the incorporated social history of the agents who invest themselves in maintaining and updating the reified social history of earthen construction. This also makes it possible to analyze the social conditions of possibility of a development of earthen construction in France, in particular to measure the social conditions of possibility of a transformation of conventional construction to participate in a transformation of the social world favorable to the fight against climate change. This thesis is based on different empirical materials (interviews, archives, ethnographic observations, statistics) and mobilizes the sociology of fields to analyze the objective relationships between the fields and the agents involved in the field of earthen construction, which vary according to internal and external struggles in the field, in particular through public action which participates to define its autonomy and its relations of subordination. This research hypothesizes that the field of earthen construction is a field of forces which is at the base of economic and political struggles to maintain or transform it, in particular by orienting public action, so that the agents who are there committed can, according to what is in their power, actualize or create the most favorable conditions for their accomplishment, that is to say for the adjustment of their dispositions to their conditions of existence. The first part of the thesis is interested in the genesis of the field of earthen construction by showing how, from the emergence to the social dissolution of the cob in the Breton rural space and the rammed earth in the urban space of Lyon, earthen construction was reinvested nationally from the 1970s and led to the autonomy of the field in the 1980s. The second part attempts to describe the economic activity of earthen construction. The focus is, on the one hand, in the structure of earth construction professionals and their economic strategies and, on the other hand, in socially characterizing the agents who live in a earthen house built in recent decades through their social position, their residential trajectory and the residential strategies they implement. The third part focuses more particularly on the political struggle of the agents engaged in the field to maintain or transform its principle of vision. By approaching the institutionalization of ecological construction as a category of public action, it’s about of studying the appropriation of this category by the agents through the struggle they lead to make see and assert their principle of vision within the field
McAvay, Haley. "Immigrants’ spatial incorporation in France : patterns and determinants of neighborhood and housing attainment." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0036/document.
My dissertation provides a comprehensive analysis of the neighborhood and housing outcomes of immigrants and natives in France. I draw on two large data sets, L’échantillon démographique permanent (INSEE) and Trajectoires et origines (INED/INSEE), which provide rare information about first and second generation immigrants, combine individual and contextual-level variables, and span several dates of observation (1990-2008). Drawing on classical theoretical approaches to immigrants’ spatial incorporation (spatial assimilation, place stratification), as well as insights from the social stratification and neighborhood effects literature, the analysis is rooted in a multidimensional, longitudinal and intergenerational approach to residential inequalities. First, I use a variety of indicators of the composition of neighborhoods (i.e. share of immigrants, co-ethnics, low-income households, the unemployment rate) in addition to housing tenure to explore associations between various dimensions of residential outcomes. Second, using longitudinal data and panel modelling techniques, the analysis captures patterns and determinants of residential mobility, transitions in neighborhoods, access to homeownership and moves in and out of the public housing sector. Finally, contributing to recent empirical work on the intergenerational reproduction of context, I seek to assess the extent to which residential situations are transmitted between parents and their children. The analysis seeks throughout to document the effects of individual factors (nativity, immigrant origin, socioeconomic status) and contextual factors (municipality and departmental characteristics) on shaping residential inequalities
Tucci, Ingrid. "Les descendants des immigrés en France et en Allemagne : des destins contrastés : participation au marché du travail, formes d'appartenance et modes de mise à distance sociale." Paris, EHESS, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00380142.
This doctoral thesis analyses the modes of participating of young people of North-African origin and of Turkish origin in today's France and Germany respectively. Especially, it deals with their educational achievements, their transition into the labour market and their forms of belonging (citizenship and élective participation). The results from French and German micro-data indicate that despite their severe difficulties in terms of school achievements, young people of Turkish origin have a more favorable working life than young people of North-African origin who are more successful in the educational System. The former expérience unemployment, instability and declassing more frequently in their working life. Two types of processes of social distancing émerge from those results: through relegation in Germany and through cUscrimination in France. Furthermore, both the national framework and the process of social distancing influence the forms of belonging of those population groups
Etiemble, Angélina. "Familles et filles marocaines à Rennes : enjeux et jeux de miroirs : ethnicité et culture." Rennes 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN20013.
The Moroccans are the most important foreign group in Rennes. Located in circumscribed enough sectors of the city, their sociability show a real community life, often felt as in a heavy burden by the girls. They know a family socialization which is largely "ethnicized" by the first generation, mothers especially in charge for their well-educated. In the migratory context, the parental injunctions concerning respect of the "marocanity" ("In our country, the Moraccan women act in such and such way", "You are not a Frenchwoman") draw the "internal" face of the Moroccan ethnicity, while the stereotypes of the French society related to the "Arab" girls (or "Muslim women", "North African women") constitute the "external" face of it. Defining themselves as Moroccan women descendants of immigrants are keen through their behaviour to show conformity with the family standards and values. This is particularly obvious in the field of "exits", leisure, practice of "Islam" or "choice of the spouse". But the fieldwork and the interviews with theses girls provide more informations on their ethnicity : it is built following the "double ascription" principle, on the one hand, the parents'directives and, on the other hand, the French society (girls "locked up", "submissive", "married by force" or, on the contrary, "in rebellion"). Firstly their constant references to "modern" Morocco (more permissive than "traditional" Moroccan immigrants) enable them to legitimate their "misconducts" without betraying their membership of a minority society. Secondly, when confronted to stigmatizing stereotypes of the majority society on the importance of Islam and marriage in their life, they refuse either to reject their families values or to support them and, finally, they adopt an "emotional" register ("the respect due to their parents", "the protection of their honour") to solve this dilemma
Abdelnour, Sarah. "L'auto-entrepreneur aux marges du salariat : de la genèse aux usages d'un régime dérogatoire de travail indépendant." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0083.
The thesis focuses on the French autoentrepreneur regime that results in a taxation and social security exemption system for the self-employed workers. It came into force in 2009 as a public program wich institutionalises the plurality of incomes while offering to scale-up access to business creation. Based on a multi-sited public action ethnography, at the crossroads between political sociology and labour sociology, the inquiry study apprehends the device starting from its inception down to its re-appropriation via its dissemination through implementing agents and communication campaigns. The archives and the interviews allow to seize the progression of the autoentrepreneur political device up to the diverse stages of negociation. The field survey among the users and the political actors enables a subtle approach of both their tracks and the way they justify their commitment. The inquiry shows how the autoentrepreneur apparatus - wich was initiated by a neoliberal Junior Minister - has been able to overcome the political game (first by narrowing the sphere of public consultation, second by presenting it a social policy tool) and has managed to stir up one million registrations within three years (with job insecurity explaining this "success"). The autoentrepreneur regime turns out to function as a mechanism that enables both an adjustment of precariousness and an overlapping in income, therefore reinforcing the labour market dualization. As such, the organization of cumulative payments and the injunction to autonomy combined with the invisibilization of domination relations, participate to the dismantling of the wage-earners model both materially and symbolically
Senoble, Romain. "Que révèle l'évolution récente des stratégies de développement institutionnel des bailleurs de fonds occidentaux ? : étude comparative de la dynamique des processus de marchéisation et de démocratisation impulsée par les politiques d'aide française et britannique dans les années 1990." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0066.
That DPhil thesis is a study of the evolution of the institutional development strategies of the western donors in the 1990s. Based on a pluridisciplinary methodology using economics, political science, political economy and international relations, the document explores first the different schools of thinking that contribute to the comprehension of the dynamics of the marketization and democratization processes. Second, the operational concept of institutional development used and applicated by the western donors is reformulated in the perspective of the recent theories and in relation with the World Bank and UNPD institutional development strategies in the 1990s. Third, the bilateral institutional development strategies of France and Great-Britain are compared. Conceptions of this field of action, but also policies and strategies are compared with an analysis of the reform of the aid administrations
Comby, Jean-Baptiste. "Créer un climat favorable. Les enjeux liés aux changements climatiques : valorisation publique, médiatisation et appropriations au quotidien." Paris 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA020086.
Liberalotto, Nora Alejandra. "L'engagement des médecins généralistes à l’égard du dépistage des cancers féminins : un révélateur de leurs positionnements face aux transformations de leur contexte d’exercice." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0014.
Employing an approach based on concepts and methods of symbolic interactionism, this thesis studies the general practitioners’ (GPs) commitment in the screening for breast and cervical cancers and seeks, in particular, to understand the implications, terms as well as reasons and beliefs that underlie their commitment. This research is based on a qualitative sociological approach, from which a corpus of various materials has been put together and analyzed. Data was generated through semi-structured interviews with GPs from various French regions. Methodologically, these interviews have been central, but not exclusive. In addition, other sources such as statistics, general and medical journals and official reports and legislation have been consulted. The analysis of this data allowed us to understand that the ways in which practitioners conceptualize and develop their interventions in these screening processes vary considerably, depending on various structural and subjective elements; some of which are likely to evolve throughout the physicians’ careers. Such diversity of attitudes resulting thereof seems contingent on the particular context of the French health care system, which gives GPs a considerable scope of individual autonomy to decide the content of their actions. Due to the fact that, since a few decades, this scope of autonomy tends to decrease, this study of the heterogeneity of GPs’ notions and practices towards women’s cancer screening appears to be significant of the ways in which GPs cope with the main issues that characterize their area of practice and challenge their autonomy as practitioners
Ural, Nur Yasemin. "Mourir en diaspora : les pratiques funéraires des «minorités» musulmanes originaires de Turquie en Allemagne et en France." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0007.
My doctoral thesis focuses on the question of death of a Muslim in Europe drawing on a case study on the Turkish speaking Muslim minorities in Germany and in France. The post-mortem voyage of the corpses, which is still the dominant practice for this group, has been mainly framed within the discussions on the "integration" of a "migrant", as the decision to be buried in the country of residence is considered to be an ultimate sign for willingness to "integrate". In these debates on the supposed lack of integration, "Islam" is offered to be the principal reason for those who opt for repatriation to the country of origin. With a critical stance to the ideological construction and the absurdity of the question of "integration" of German or French bom citizens of Kurdish or Turkish descent, I focus rather on the economic and political structures enabling repatriation, legal problems before the realisation of Muslim burials in Germany and France from a historical perspective parallel with other minoritised religions by the State, which constructs Islam as an "exception". In order to expose the complexity of the issue, I realised an ethnographic study, based on participant observations and semi-structured interviews on the one hand with Muslim undertaker companies in Berlin and Paris each of which adhering to different religious and/or ideological currents on the other hand with persons
Camard, Sophie. "Le patronage politique des conflits pour l'emploi : le cas de la Seine-Saint-Denis (1991-1994)." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010262.
Hu, Yu. "Le métier d'étudiant étranger : le cas des étudiants chinois non spécialistes de français en France." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030113.
The present research work studies the way in which non-French speaking Chinese students allocate efforts in their academic life in France. It focuses on the evolution of objectives and actions in relation with the incidences of the non-mastering of French language. By outlining that the student carriers are characterized, in the first stage, by a common drop to fighting for academic survival, and then, by a stratification of individual experiences, this work brings to light the academic life of this population left in obscurity up to now. The analysis presented here leads us to consider the language issue within the international educative mobility, not only as a linguistic problematic, but also as relevant to traditional questions in education, such as “reproduction” or “learning how to be a professional student”
Bresching, Michaela. "Die Debatte um die französische und deutsche Identität in der Presseberichterstattung in Frankreich und Deutschland (1997-2012) : eine Wiederkehr des nationalen Mythos?" Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 2, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU20082.
The main research areas are the debate on national identity and the national myth. The focus lies on the question how these terms were reflected in the print media in Germany and France from 1997 to 2012.It is to be considered that the Federal Republic of Germany of the 21 century relates less to myths than France where the different political camps continually reactivate personalities from the national history with the aim of giving its citizens a certain confidence in the future and to reinforce national identity. Since then the resulting debates have divided the political landscape of France.By analysing different discourse events the goal was to question if the debates on national identity go along with a return of the “national myth” which is understood in its meaning as a “roman national” that tells the story of the building and development of a nation. In this sense it is an identity-forming narration. The focus was set on the following events: the French presidential election campaign in 2007, the parliamentary election campaign for the Bundestag in 2005, the opening of an exhibition in the Deutsche Historische Museum in Berlin in 2006, the announcement of the foundation of a “Maison de l’Histoire de France” in 2009 and the Franco-German discourse event the 40th anniversary of the signing of Élysée-Treaty on 22 January 2003.It was proven that national myths were reconfirmed in the context of national discourse events, like the French presidential election campaign in 2007. During this campaign public and private actors tried to reactivate the “roman national” with the help of the media. While in Germany there were attempts to reanimate the founding myth of the FRG during the parliamentary election campaign for the Bundestag of 2005
Chen, Hong. "Évaluer et empêcher les risques économiques dans les relations franco-chinoises." Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030110.
Defining and analyzing the risks correctly is the most important point for the international business and investments between the France and the China. In my thesis I create a new theory of the total management of risks, and I explain the method of this total management of risks: set up a model of total management of risks. I use this theory to analyze all risks between the France and the China. And the total management of risks is the only way for the French and Chinese companies and organizations to define and preview all the risks in the international business. Also I present many ways to try to solve “how to find out a consensus way to work together''
Hajjat, Abdellali. "Assimilation et naturalisation : socio-histoire d'une injonction d'Etat." Paris, EHESS, 2009. https://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://www.cairn.info/les-frontieres-de-l-identite-nationale--9782707169365.htm.
This thesis investigates the injunction to assimilate in the procedure for acquiring French citizenship between 1927 and 2007. Firstly, l analyze the reasons and the circumstances surrounding which naturalization applicants were first required to be 'assimilated' in order to become French citizens. A socio-historical approach will demonstrate how “assimilation” came to be at once a religious, political and scientific concept and how its various uses and meanings were determined by its circulation in different discursive fields and between the French metropolis and its colonies. The inception of the assimilation requirement in French citizenship law is analyzed with reference to specific social and political configurations in both colonial and metropolitan situations. Secondly, I examine how the administrative bureau responsible for processing naturalization applications gauges candidates' level of “assimilation”. Socio-historical and ethnographic research conducted in local bureaucracy brings into sharp relief the invention and administrative uses of “assimilation” criteria, which are largely determined by historical circumstances, competing administrative approaches, the practices of street-Ievel bureaucrats and the “naturalisability” of the candidates in question. The objective reality of naturalization comes to the fore in cases where candidates have been denied naturalization for failure to 'assimilate' which mainly concern women and/or Muslims. The study of administrative litigation related to the failure to assimilate (défaut d'assimilation) raises issues such as the headscarf, polygamy and Islamic fundamentalism within the naturalization procedure
Allel, Samir. "Les relations entre les Conseils Régionaux du Culte Musulman et les Collectivités territoriales : analyse de l’organisation locale du culte musulman et de son rapport au politique." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0143.
''Islam has its place at the table of the Republic". This quote used by Jean Pierre Chevènement, French Home Secretary of the Jospin government fit into a general debate over the position of Islam and more particularly of local Islam in the French society. The issue of the place of Islam in France and of its daily expression on a local scale has become a recurring problem and some events such as the Toulouse shootings, involving Mohamed Merah, made the "political Islamism" ghost reappear. We have to to go beyond passion in order to understand local Islam in France through the regional Muslim Councils that are supposed to be preferred representatives of public authorities. The goal is to understand the complexity of Islam in France. That is the reason why it was considered interesting to dedicate this research to this issue with the experience of a citizen observing Islam in France. Islam in France as topic was too large to discuss and treat. We were interested in a topic that take root in Islam, in its temporal and institutional aspects. The polemic that the representation of Islam provoked was a push to know more, especially in the city of Avignon. We would like to understand the impact and dimension of the symbolic value of such an institutionalization of Islam. A historic meeting between Islam and Republic seems to happen right before our eyes. It is important to say that most of researches barely treated die organization of the Muslim religion on a local scale. The main objective is to measure in quantitative and qualitative terms the practical action of the French Council of Muslim Faith (CFCM), taking into account its primary missions related to the representation and protection of the Muslim faith. This research also has as an objective to comprehend in a better way the relationship between regional Muslim Councils and local elected representatives. It is particularly interesting to note that for ten years, Islam as a social fact invited itself on cities agendas in the form of files dealing with mosque, Muslim cemetery areas, head scarfs, or more recently halal meals in public schools. All of which are among issues that elected representatives have to deal with and they are not always prepared or legally armed to resolve them. Do the elected Muslim interlocutors have a real representativeness next to the elected members of local authorities (mayors, local council presidents. . . ) or are they just another interlocutor that emphasizes the heterogeneity of j the local Islamic landscape? The lack of hierarchy and the diversity of schools of thought have made it hard for Islam to structure itself and to gain acknowledgement. The nature of the Muslim community, divided and split up is an obstacle to the organization and recognition of Islam by the institutions. As some are demanding for a readjustment of the December 9th 1905 Act, dealing with the separation of State and religions, this study is intended to enlighten with a new outlook the interaction between religious communities and local authorities in a lay State context and in a widely secularized society. This thesis is a contribution to define the real connection between Islam in non Muslim country such as France and secularism felt and used by local elected representatives. It is a way to address citizenship and to address the failure by the Republic to recognize some as full-fledged citizens
Lees, Johanna. "Ethnographier la précarité énergétique : au-delà de l’action publique, des mises à l’épreuve de l’habiter." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0159.
Energy poverty is at the confluence of housing, welfare and the environment; it is a question of public interest that has been on the political agenda in France for several years. If, at the outset of this research, the term 'energy poverty' had already permeated public policies, applied research and associations, very little was known about the concrete day to day situations this term refers to. Thus, the aim of this thesis has been to redefine the notion of energy poverty through the experience of the people affected by it and, thence, to analyse the mechanisms of state intervention in this field. The thesis is divided into three sections. The first studies the question's emergence into the public spheres in France and the United Kingdom, in today's context; it is based upon the study of documents and interviews with local actors. The second section proposes an ethnographic survey and aims to understand, from the families' point of view, what 'inhabiting' means in an energy poverty situation and, beyond this, the significance of 'being inhabited' by energy poverty. Finally a third section, also based on ethnographic study, deals with the relationships between the interviewees, utility companies, co-owner associations and landlords. It also deals with their relations with the State as beneficiaries of various public programmes destined to combat energy poverty. This section thus aims to establish an anthropology of the relations that those in extreme poverty develop with the State, relations that are described and analysed 'bottom up'
Abbes, Nader. "L'impact du volet environnemental de la loi sur les nouvelles régulations économiques (NRE) sur le management des entreprises." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100088.
The State missed a long time the management relationship of economy and law with the environment. Under the increasing pressure of a national and international mobilization and due to the increase of problems involving environment, several regulatory and economic measures in favor of the environmental protection were adopted by the whole of the Western countries. Initially, the public authorities started to worry about the general state of the environment and set up legislation, which intend to fight the insufficiencies of social equity and environmental concerns. Then, in response to a regulatory step, considered to be too constraining by the private actors, the State formulate a set of economic tools, reconciling society waits and companies’ development competitiveness objectives. Lastly, with the relative effectiveness of the various regulatory economic and environmental protection instruments, known as traditional, the State gradually transferred its responsibilities to the private actors by betting on the co-regulation and self-regulation. Our empirical work concerns the law impact on the new economic regulations (NRE) on the behavior of the companies concerning environmental reporting. The narrative contents of of the CAC 40 companies reports SD/CSR, is the object of our study. Our analysis will be led by two complementary approaches: a statistical and lexical analysis and an analysis set of themes, both, carried out using a textual analysis software, “Alceste”
Belkacem, Lila. "L'« enfant perdu » et le « pays d'origine » : construction des origines et expériences migratoires de descendants d'immigrants ouest-africains en région parisienne." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0091.
Aiming to deconstruct some of the representations of the link to the country of origin of descendants of West African: immigrants in France, this thesis analyzes the social processes involved in the construction of origins, namely, of what the term origin(s) classically refers to: so-called cultures, traditions, values, identities, but also the places and group, being associated with origins. The analysis is grounded in five ethnographic fieldworks conducted in the vicinity of Paris and in Mali with youngsters, members of their families as well as associative and institutional representatives experiences of long-term trips in Mali for "people in difficulty" ; a summer camp for children of Malian immigrants association-based gatherings between youngsters and seniors on the issue of associative involvement ; ethnoclinica consultations in solve family issues considered to be rooted in cultural matters ; conversations on the Internet permeate with the question of the link to origins. In these situations, a reflection about roots is activated, portraying the maintenance of the links to the homeland as conditional to the success and the wellbeing. In order to appreciate the popularity of this thought, this thesis highlights the singular socio-historical context in which descendants of immigrant, undertake the double experience of migration (direct or indirect) and that of minorization (social and ethnoracial) Through the concepts of performance and performativity, it focuses upon the mechanisms and effects of situations shaping the links to the country of origin and draws particular attention to power dynamics rooted in generational ties sex, class and race/ethnicity
Tannouri, Fadi. "La communauté libanaise en France, diversité ethnique et adaptation." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05H050.
Erlich, Valérie. "Les étudiants, un groupe social en mutation : étude des transformations de la population étudiante française et de ses modes de vie (1960-1994)." Nice, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NICE2021.
This research proposes to analyse the changes that have recently affected the students and their lifestyles over the past forty years. Until the period susbsequent to the second world war students constituted a minority group, relatively homogenous. They were restricted in number, financially at ease, and, as a part of a readily identifiable system, developed a common mode of living. It was the large mass of students entering the system in the sixties that destabilized this relative equilibrium. This was translated into a diversification of recrutement and student mode of living. In general, this diversification, at its limit, contributed to the disorganization of the students in france who realistically, ceased to exist as group. However, if the diversification movements were necessarily a part of the increase in student population, then also they equally accompanied a tendance to unification and classification as a student group. Analysing the transformation of the student world the facteurs which unify and or diversify the student population are emphasized. The first part of the research analyses the collective tendancies of the students, the dialogues and social structures which are fundemental to student identity. The second part develops the characteristic social and scholastic transformation affecting student development. The third part analyses student lifestyles, encompassing various elements such as work, family, study habits, living conditions, free-time distractions, cultural opportunities, and civic responsibilities
Lepez, Justine, and Justine Lepez. "Les mutations du droit moral." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/38198.
Notre mémoire de maîtrise porte sur les mutations du droit moral en France. Traditionnellement, le droit moral est prédominant sur les droits patrimoniaux, en raison de la conception personnaliste qui irrigue le droit d’auteur français et en fait sa singularité. Cette prééminence engendre classiquement une stabilité et une position suffisamment forte pour résister au vent consumériste qui souffle sur le paysage juridique international occidental. Néanmoins, en raison de la dilution de la notion d’auteur, de la tendance à la collectivisation et donc l’émergence d’une multiplicité d’œuvres, de nouveaux modes de diffusion et de la mise en place systématique d’une balance des intérêts contra legem entre le droit moral et la liberté de création, ce droit extrapatrimonial témoigne d’un changement de paradigme manifeste en ce qu’il fait l’objet de mutations profondes, s’agissant des principes fondamentaux qui composent son socle commun, de la diversité des régimes spécifiques selon les objets protégés, et du renouvellement des méthodes du juge. La position hégémonique de la liberté d’expression artistique entraine inexorablement un affaissement considérable du droit moral de l’auteur. Une perspective inquiète en ce qu’elle menace la pérennité de la singulière institution romantique du droit d’auteur français.
Our master's dissertation focuses on the mutations of the author’s moral right in France. Traditionally, the moral right has been predominant over economic rights, due to the personalistic conception that underlies French copyright and makes its specificity. This pre-eminence typically generates a situation of stability and a strong enough position in order to resist the consumerist wind that blows on the Western international legal landscape. Nevertheless, because of the dilution of the notion of author, the tendency towards collectivization and thus the emergence of a multiplicity of works, new modes of distribution and the systematic establishment of a balance of interests between moral rights and freedom of creation, this extra-patrimonial right shows a clear paradigm shift in that it is subject to profound changes, with regard to the fundamental principles that constitute its common ground, the diversity of specific regimes depending on the protected objects, and the renewal of the judge’s methods. The hegemonic position of freedom of artistic expression inevitably leads to a considerable collapse of the author's moral right. A worrying prospect in that it threatens the sustainability of the outstanding romantic institution of French copyright.
Our master's dissertation focuses on the mutations of the author’s moral right in France. Traditionally, the moral right has been predominant over economic rights, due to the personalistic conception that underlies French copyright and makes its specificity. This pre-eminence typically generates a situation of stability and a strong enough position in order to resist the consumerist wind that blows on the Western international legal landscape. Nevertheless, because of the dilution of the notion of author, the tendency towards collectivization and thus the emergence of a multiplicity of works, new modes of distribution and the systematic establishment of a balance of interests between moral rights and freedom of creation, this extra-patrimonial right shows a clear paradigm shift in that it is subject to profound changes, with regard to the fundamental principles that constitute its common ground, the diversity of specific regimes depending on the protected objects, and the renewal of the judge’s methods. The hegemonic position of freedom of artistic expression inevitably leads to a considerable collapse of the author's moral right. A worrying prospect in that it threatens the sustainability of the outstanding romantic institution of French copyright.
Settoul, Elyamine. "Contribution à la sociologie des forces armées : analyse des trajectoires d'engagement des militaires issus de l'immigration." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012IEPP0016.
The end of conscription announced in 1996 gave way to an entirely professionalized army implying the consideration of new sociopolitical and functional imperatives. In response to these issues, the armies have launched recruitment strategies intended to capture new population segments in order to widen the pool (feminisation, immigrant populations). In this context of structural mutation, the intersection of data collected from interviews taken from a sample of 30 military personnel hailing from immigrant backgrounds and a selection of high-ranked Defence officers allows us to make out the contours of this phenomenon. The analysis of terms of enlistment reveals a typology with three entries listed in the form of those who enlist en rupture, those as stratèges, and those as initiés. Besides deconstructing the vision of homogeneity in profile of these population segments, the analysis of social trajectories reveals that, if their logics for engagement present similarities structurally comparable with the entirety of those who enlist, they equally demonstrate substantial variations and a certain number of specificities in direct connection with their background as descendants of immigrants. The return of intra-military experiences subsequently rounds out our initial typologisation. The adoption of a longitudinal perspective supports a reflection that doubly questions the validity of discourse related to integrative virtues and citizens assigned to armies, a legacy anchored in the mythology of conscription, and the impact of the military experience on that discourse, the representations, and the practices of actors