Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fractographic analyzes

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Academic literature on the topic 'Fractographic analyzes'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Fractographic analyzes"

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Quinn, George D. "A History of the Fractography of Brittle Materials." Key Engineering Materials 409 (March 2009): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.409.1.

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The evolution of the science of fractography of brittle materials initially was driven by failure analysis problems. Early analyses focused on general patterns of fracture and how they correlated to the loading conditions. Many early documents are simply descriptive, but the curiosity of some key scientists and engineers was aroused. Scientific or engineering explanations for the observed patterns gradually were developed. Advances in microscopy and flaw based theories of strength and fracture mechanics led to dramatic advances in the state of the art of fractographic analysis of brittle materials. Introduction: This author was drawn backwards in time as he researched the current state of the art of fractographic analysis of brittle materials for his fractography guide book.[ ] Others have written about how the fractographic analysis of metals evolved (e.g., [ , , , ]), but there is no analogue for ceramics and glasses. The key scientists, engineers, and analysts who contributed to our field are shown in Fig. 1. Other work done by industry workers who were unable or loathe to publish is now lost, inaccessible, forgotten, or even discarded. It is the goal of this paper to review the key publications and mark the noteworthy advances in the field. Some deem fractography as the study of fracture surfaces, but this author takes a broader view. Fractography is the means and methods for characterizing fractured specimens or components and, for example, a simple examination of the fragments and how they fit together to study the overall breakage pattern is a genuine fractographic analysis.
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Tanaka, Sumio, Yukio Hirose, and Keisuke Tanaka. "X-ray Fractographic Study on Alumina and Zirconia Ceramics." Advances in X-ray Analysis 34 (1990): 719–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/s0376030800015032.

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The residual stress left on the fracture surface is one of the important parameters in X-ray fractographic study. It has been used to analyze fracture mechanisms in fracture toughness and fatigue tests especially of high strength steels.In this paper, X-ray fractography was applied to brittle fracture of alumina (Al2O3) and zirconia (ZΓO2) ceramics.
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Maros, Maria Berkes, Nikoletta Kaulics Helmeczi, and Ján Dusza. "Qualitative and Quantitative Fractographic Analysis of Dynamically Impacted Si3N4 Ceramics." Materials Science Forum 589 (June 2008): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.589.73.

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Si3N4 is widely used as a structural ceramic, therefore mechanical characterization, especially in dynamic loading conditions is important task. In the framework of a comprehensive research work aiming at characterizing the dynamic failure process of Si3N4 based ceramics we executed instrumented impact tests. Beside determining various mechanical characteristics we executed failure analysis by fractography, as well. The current paper focuses on the fractographic analysis of the dynamic failure processes of the investigated Si3N4 based ceramics. A detailed morphological analysis has been carried out determining qualitative and quantitative features using macro- and micro-fractography.
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Oudbashi, Omid, and Russell Wanhill. "Long-Term Embrittlement of Ancient Copper and Silver Alloys." Heritage 4, no. 3 (September 10, 2021): 2287–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage4030130.

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The manifestations of ancient metals’ embrittlement, cracking and fracture, are challenging problems for restorers and conservators, yet the scientific understanding of these problems is limited. In particular, the study and interpretation of fracture surfaces, fractography, is a minor or non-existent consideration for most archaeometallurgical investigations. This paper presents a survey of fractographic analyses, in combination with the more widely used disciplines of microstructural studies, metallography, and chemical analyses for some Old-World copper alloy (bronzes) and high-silver alloy artifacts that have undergone long-term corrosion and embrittlement damage. We show that fractography, as an adjunct to metallography, can improve the interpretation of these types of damage and assist in selecting the best methods for restoration and conservation of the objects made from these alloys.
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UCHIDA, Hitoshi, Shozo INOUE, Tomohiro MAEKAWA, and Keiji KOTERAZAWA. "Fractography. Fractographic Analysis of Stress Corrosion Cracking with Electron Channeling Patterns." Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan 46, no. 6 (1997): 597–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.2472/jsms.46.597.

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Weber, L. J., and W. A. Nixon. "Fracture Toughness of Freshwater Ice—Part I: Experimental Technique and Results." Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 118, no. 2 (May 1, 1996): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2828822.

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Experiments have been performed to determine the effect of loading rate and temperature on the fracture toughness of both granular and S2 columnar freshwater ice. Loading rate was varied from 0.04 to 40.0 kPam s-1, and over this range the fracture toughness was observed to decrease from 201 to 109 kPam. Examination of load—CMOD curves indicate that at a loading rate of 40 kPam s-1, the crack tip plasticity was sufficiently limited that the specimen behavior can be considered linear elastic, thus providing a valid Kq measurement. When test temperature was varied from −5 to −45°C for the S2 columnar ice, no significant variation in toughness was observed. In contrast, for granular ice, a higher toughness (144 kPam) was observed in the −5 to −20°C range than for the S2 columnar ice. However, the toughness of the granular ice at−45°C is not significantly different from that of the S2 columnar ice. A companion paper (Weber and Nixon, 1996) analyzes the results in greater detail comparing them with previous work, and presents a detailed fractographic analysis of the failure surfaces.
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Skibicki, Dariusz, Janusz Sempruch, and Łukasz Pejkowski. "Steel X2CrNiMo17-12-2 Testing for Uniaxial, Proportional and Non-Proportional Loads as Delivered and in the Annealed Condition." Materials Science Forum 726 (August 2012): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.726.171.

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The article presents the results of fatigue life and fractographic testing of steel X2CrNiMo17-12-2 exposed to proportional and non-proportional fatigue loads. The following load types were applied: tension-compressive strength, torsion, proportional combined/complex loads produced by tension-compressive strength and torsion as well as non-proportional combined load – by tension-compressive strength and torsion by the phase shift angle φ=90°. The paper analyses the effect of the load method on the fatigue life and fractography of fatigue fractures recorded, and especially the effect of non-proportional load.
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Stach, Sebastian, Stanisław Roskosz, Jerzy Cybo, and Jan Cwajna. "Quantitative Description of Overlaps on Sialon Ceramics Fractures by the Multifractal Method." Key Engineering Materials 409 (March 2009): 394–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.409.394.

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A quantitative description of overlaps on fractures in sialon ceramics, is presented in the paper. A conventional analysis, aiming at the determination of the percentage share of overlaps on the basis of quantitative fractography, was preceded by stereometric/fractal analyses. They enabled the selection of representative sections of samples and then, the production of transverse microsections in those places for an analysis of the fractures’ profiles using the light microscopy method and fractographic image analysis. Based on the compared results from both methods, a successful verification was made of the research methodology developed earlier for sintered carbides and proven for a chromium-molybdenum steel.
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Maros, Maria Berkes, Nikoletta Kaulics Helmeczi, Péter Arató, and Csaba Balázsi. "Mechanical and Fractographic Analyses of Monolithic Si3N4 Ceramics during Impact Testing." Key Engineering Materials 409 (March 2009): 338–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.409.338.

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A comprehensive experimental and theoretical work aiming at studying the dynamic failure process of silicon nitride ceramics has been recently started. The main goal of this research programme consists in characterizing the mechanical behaviour of the material under dynamic loading as well as investigating the dynamic failure process using micro- and macro-fractography. The current paper deals with the phenomenon of special rate dependence of KId dynamic fracture toughness of Si3N4 based ceramics. The KId values have been determined during instrumented impact test on the one hand based on the dynamic key curve method using notched specimens, on the other hand based on fractographic analyses of fracture surface of impacted unnotched samples.
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Ivasenko, I. B., O. R. Berehulyak, and R. A. Vorobel. "Analysis of dimple shape on fractographic heat-resistant steel images." Information extraction and processing 2018, no. 46 (December 27, 2018): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/vidbir2018.46.034.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fractographic analyzes"

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Maciel, Carla Isabel dos Santos. "Estudo da tenacidade e fadiga em meio assistido da liga de Al-Li de grau aeronáutico AA2050-T84." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18150/tde-08112017-112942/.

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A indústria aeronáutica tem buscado melhorias no conceito de integridade estrutural, a partir do desenvolvimento de projetos mais otimizados com a produção de aeronaves mais leves e seguras. Tais projetos garantem aeronaves operacionalmente mais viáveis e redução no consumo de combustível, beneficiando o fabricante, os operadores e a população em geral, pois aplica o conceito de aeronave verde. Estruturas aeronáuticas em operação recebem solicitações de cargas típicas de vôo, como pressurização, sustentação, que por sua vez, geram esforços dos mais variados tipos e suas combinações, como tração, compressão, fadiga, torção, flexão, flambagem, cargas aeroelásticas, vibrações e flutter, associados a ambientes críticos. O conhecimento sobre o comportamento do material estrutural perante ambientes corrosivo ou de baixa temperatura, é importante para avaliação da vida útil das aeronaves. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento da liga AA2050-T84 sob ponto de vista de corrosão-fadiga e tenacidade a fratura em criogenia e, correlacionar com a microestrutura e fractografia através de ensaios mecânicos e de tenacidade a fratura em temperatura ambiente e criogênica. As condições de ensaios foram determinadas próximas a de serviço a que o material será inserido sendo, para criogenia -54 ºC e para os ensaios de propagação de trinca por fadiga em atmosfera ambiente e névoa salina com concentração de solução de 3,5% e 5% NaCl, frequência de 15Hz e razões de carga R = 0,1 e 0,5. Os resultados em criogenia mostraram que há melhora nas propriedades trativas e estabilidade na tenacidade, pois o material retém dutilidade com o decréscimo da temperatura. Os ensaios de propagação de trinca por fadiga foram executados com ΔK decrescente e os parâmetros para geração de névoa salina foram determinados experimentalmente. As curvas de crescimento de trinca e determinação do fator limite foram comparadas quanto a razão de carga e atmosfera de ensaio. Observou-se que para os ensaios de propagação de trinca por fadiga a presença da névoa salina acelera a taxa de propagação e resultam em um fator limite menor.
The aviation industry has sought improvements with the concept of structural integrity, from the development of more optimized designs with production aircraft with low weight and secure. These projects ensure an aircraft more operationally doable and reduced fuel consumption, benefiting the manufacturer, operators and the people, applying the concept of green aircraft. Aerospace structures in operation receive requests loads typical of flight, how pressurization support and lift that produce several types and combinations of requests, such as tensile, compression, fatigue, torsion, bending, buckling , aeroelastic loads, vibration and flutter associated with critical environments. Knowledge about the behavior of the structural material into corrosive environments or cryogenic temperature, it is important for evaluation to the lifetime of the aircraft. Accordingly , the aim of this study was to estimate the behavior of AA2050 - T84 alloy, about corrosion-fatigue and fracture toughness at cryogenic situations and correlate with microstructure and fractography, by mechanical tests and fracture toughness at room temperature and cryogenic. The test conditions has been determined near of the service that the material will be inserted, for cryogenic temperature -54 ºC and testing of fatigue crack propagation in air and salt spray with concentration of 3.5% and 5% NaCl, frequency 15Hz and load ratios R = 0.1 and 0.5. The cryogenic results showed that there improvement in tensile properties and stability in toughness due the restraint of ductility with decreasing temperature. Tests of fatigue crack propagation were carried out with ΔK decreasing and the parameters to obtain salt spray were determined experimentally. The crack growth curves and determination of the threshold were compared the according to load ratio and test atmosphere. In the fatigue crack propagation it was observed that presence of salt spray accelerates the rate of propagation and result in a lower threshold.
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Banerji, Kingshuk. "Quantitative analysis of fracture surfaces using computer aided fractography." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/15381.

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Feinberg-Ringel, Karen Stacey. "Quantitative fractographic analysis of Al[subscript]2O[subscript]3/Al-25%Li metal martrix composite." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19987.

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Dunn, Leigh. "Investigating accidents involving aircraft manufactured from polymer composite materials." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2013. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/8448.

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This thesis looks into the examination of polymer composite wreckage from the perspective of the aircraft accident investigator. It develops an understanding of the process of wreckage examination as well as identifying the potential for visual and macroscopic interpretation of polymer composite aircraft wreckage. The in-field examination of aircraft wreckage, and subsequent interpretations of material failures, can be a significant part of an aircraft accident investigation. As the use of composite materials in aircraft construction increases, the understanding of how macroscopic failure characteristics of composite materials may aid the field investigator is becoming of increasing importance. The first phase of this research project was to explore how investigation practitioners conduct wreckage examinations. Four accident investigation case studies were examined. The analysis of the case studies provided a framework of the wreckage examination process. Subsequently, a literature survey was conducted to establish the current level of knowledge on the visual and macroscopic interpretation of polymer composite failures. Relevant literature was identified and a compendium of visual and macroscopic characteristics was created. Two full-scale polymer composite wing structures were loaded statically, in an upward bending direction, until each wing structure fractured and separated. The wing structures were subsequently examined for the existence of failure characteristics. The examination revealed that whilst characteristics were present, the fragmentation of the structure destroyed valuable evidence. A hypothetical accident scenario utilising the fractured wing structures was developed, which UK government accident investigators subsequently investigated. This provided refinement to the investigative framework and suggested further guidance on the interpretation of polymer composite failures by accident investigators.
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Messai, Abdelhamid. "Analyse fractographique de la rupture fragile d'un acier inoxydable austénitique très chargé en azote." Lille 1, 1996. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1996/50376-1996-143.pdf.

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Contrairement aux aciers inoxydables austenitiques conventionnels fecrni, nous montrons que l'acier inoxydable austenitique fe18cr18mn0. 9n est fragile a basse temperature ou en presence d'hydrogene. Le present travail consiste a analyser la microfractographie de la rupture fragile obtenue afin d'en determiner les mecanismes. Les differents facies de rupture obtenus a basse temperature en resilience, en fatigue ou en traction montre une rupture fragile de nature variee: transgranulaire, intergranulaire et mixte. L'analyse microfractographique de la rupture transgranulaire basee sur l'observation stereographique des traces de glissement ou de macles ainsi que des figures d'attaque met en evidence une fissuration cristallographique predominante caracterisee par un vrai clivage sans riviere principalement sur des plans 111 et occasionnellement sur des plans 100 et 110. Frequemment, les plans 111 presentent des rivieres partant des joints de grain et se propageant selon une direction locale <110>. Une fissuration alternee sur un plan moyen 110, formee par alternance de deux microfacettes 111 a ete egalement observee. Les fissures amorcees sur ces plans se propagent selon une direction locale <100>. L'absence de seconde phase et la presence de traces de plasticite indiquent que la rupture fragile peut etre associee a une deformation plastique restreinte comme le montre les valeurs tres elevees des contraintes effectives. Cet acier montre egalement une sensibilite a la fragilisation par l'hydrogene. Il presente une rupture fragile de nature variee (trans-intergranulaire) dependant des conditions d'essai. Contrairement a celle observee a basse temperature, la fissuration transgranulaire par clivage ou discontinue est principalement identifiee sur des plans 100. Les fissures s'amorcent aux joints de grains et se propagent selon une direction locale <100>. La rupture fragile obtenue peut etre expliquee par un mecanisme de decohesion.
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Kulp, Andrew Brooks. "Analysis of Strength Variation in Glass Due to Ion Exchange." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33204.

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The main goal of this project was to compare the changes in statistical variation and Weibull characteristics of the strength of glass rods as modified by heat treatment with and without an ion exchange bath. Several sample groups of 30 sodium borosilicate glass rod specimens were heat treated at various temperatures in air and in a potassium nitrate salt bath to induce an ion exchange process. All samples were then tested to failure in 4-point bending to assess the resulting Modulus of Rupture (MOR). Statistical analysis techniques and Weibull analysis were used to study the variations which occur within and between strength distributions of each sample group. A smaller sampling of test groups was subjected to fractographic analysis to study the effect of ion exchange on fracture features. The data shows that the ion exchange process caused a statistically significant increase in the strength of the glass rods. Samples which were heat treated do not show any significant changes in average strength. The fractographic analysis suggests that no changes in fracture morphology occurred as a result of ion exchange process, and that the critical flaw size population was not significantly different.
Master of Science
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Machala, Jan. "Nízkocyklová únava niklové superslitiny IN713LC s TBC vrstvou za vysokých teplot." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230540.

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This thesis deals with the low cycle fatigue nickel-based superalloy IN713LC with applied TBC barrier at high temperature. The theoretical part is divided into four sections. The first one focuses on description of fatigue damage. The second one provides the basic characteristics of nickel-based superalloys. The third section describes the use of the surface layers - diffusion layers and thermal barriers and the fourth section deals with the influence of these layers on fatigue properties. Experimental part is focused on the evaluation of low cycle fatigue tests and on the explanation of the mechanisms of initiation and propagation of fatigue cracks. For the experimental part, fatigue samples were prepared by vacuum precision investment casting. TBC barrier was applied by atmospheric plasma spraying and consists of two sublayers - the lower metallic bond coating type CoNiCrAlY and top ceramic coating type YSZ. Low cycle fatigue tests were conducted under strain control at controlled temperature of 900 ° C. Fractographical analysis of fracture surfaces was carried out by using light and electron microscopy. Effect of applied barrier to fatigue life was determined - the parameters of Manson-Coffin and Basquin curve. A cyclic stress-strain curve was also obtained. The curves softening / hardening and number of transit cycles were determined. The obtained parameters and values from fatigue tests were compared with available data from fatigue tests of superalloy IN713LC without the layer, as applied AlSi type diffusion layer, at high temperatures. The initiation site on the fracture surfaces was determined within the fractographic evaluation and the influence of the layer on the initiation and propagation of fatigue cracks was discussed. A helpful tool was the assessment of longitudinal sections using scanning electron microscopy.
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Oliveira, Jeferson de. "Caracterização fratográfica de compósito de matriz metálica submetido a ensaios de impacto, flexão e fadiga." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/88/88131/tde-19042013-142334/.

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Este trabalho versa sobre a inspeção fratográfica por Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV) e a análise micro-química por Energia Dispersiva de Raios-X de superfícies de fratura de um compósito particulado de matriz metálica (CMM = liga AA356 + SiC) manufaturado por compofundição e submetido a diferentes classes de ensaios mecânicos, a saber, impacto Charpy, flexão quase-estática e fadiga fletiva. A fratografia por MEV em modo de imageamento por elétrons secundários se mostrou uma poderosa ferramenta na análise dos aspectos topográficos de CMM particulados fraturados, que se relaciona diretamente ao aporte de energia (ou ao nível de tensão desenvolvido) para a criação da superfície de fratura, independentemente do tipo de solicitação mecânica aplicada. Mecanismos de tenacificação em CMM, tais como descolamento, trincamento e arrancamento de partículas de SiC da matriz metálica AA356 foram prontamente identificados e documentados por esta modalidade MEV, e correlacionados ao desempenho mecânico dos materiais investigados. Aglomeração de partículas de SiC, assim como a presença de poros e/ou vazios se revelaram freqüentemente como variáveis determinantes do desempenho mecânico do CMM em ensaios dinâmicos, quase-estáticos e cíclicos. MEV em modo de imageamento por elétrons retro-espalhados se mostrou extremamente útil na identificação de partículas de SiC aflorando em superfícies de fratura do CMM quando o emprego de elétrons secundários não foi bem sucedido na tarefa. Micro-análise química por EDS permitiu o mapeamento dos elementos Fe e Cr, além de Mn, e possibilitou classificá-los como formadores de precipitados potencialmente fragilizantes do CMM. Esta técnica também assegurou a identificação de reticulados ricos em Si ao redor dos glóbulos de fase pró-eutética (alfa), os quais (reticulados) são altamente favorecedores de fraturas intergranulares.
This work focuses on the fractographic inspection by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and micro-chemical analysis by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) of fractured surfaces of a compocast particulate metal matrix composite (MMC = AA356 alloy + SiC) subjected to different classes of mechanical testing, namely, Charpy impact, quasi-static flexure and flexural fatigue. SEM fractography in secondary electron imaging mode has shown to be a powerful tool in analyzing topographic aspects of fractured particulate MMC, which are straightforwardly related to the energy apportion (or the developed stress level) to the fracture surface creation, regardless the applied mechanical loading type. Toughening mechanisms for MMC, such as SiC particle debonding, cracking and pulling-out from the metallic matrix AA356 alloy were promptly identified and documented through this SEM modality, and correlated to the mechanical performance of investigated materials. SiC particle clusters as well as pore and/or void presence were very often discovered as the main controlling variables of mechanical performance of MMC during dynamic, quasi-static and cyclic testing. SEM fractography in backscatted electron imaging mode has shown to be extremely useful on the identification of SiC particles emerging from fractured surfaces of MMC when secondary electron mode did not succeed in this task. EDS micro-chemical analysis allowed to map Fe and Cr, besides Mn, and permitted to classify them as potentially MMC-embrittling precipitated forming elements. This technique also assured the identification of Si-rich reticulated structure around pro-eutectic phase globules, which (reticulated structure) highly favors intergranular fracture.
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Abdelal, Nisrin Rizek. "Effects of Voids on Delamination Behavior Under Static and Fatigue Mode I and Mode II." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1365418463.

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Ait, Aouit Djedjiga. "Approche multi-échelle de caractérisation des surfaces fondée sur l'analyse fractale et multifractale : application en analyse fractographique." Thesis, Tours, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR4047.

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Notre environnement quotidien est constitué de multiples exemples d’éléments ou de structures susceptibles de se rompre par fatigue. En effet, si le secteur du transport aérien, terrestre et maritime, est à l’origine de nombreuses avancées dans le domaine de l’endommagement, les problèmes de fatigue concernent aujourd’hui des domaines d’activité très divers tels que la production d’énergie, le biomédical, l’automobile… D’une manière générale, on estime aujourd’hui qu’environ 80% des ruptures en service sont dues à une mauvaise prise en compte de l’endommagement par fatigue au stade de la conception et/ou du dimensionnement. En mécanique de la rupture, la « fractographie » est une science qui consiste à expertiser les débris d’une pièce rompue en vue de comprendre les mécanismes de l’endommagement, et ainsi définir l’histoire et les causes de la rupture. Une telle stratégie peut permettre d’améliorer par la suite la qualité du matériau pour mieux résister à la fatigue. Cette thèse est consacrée à l’analyse de ces débris que nous appelons surfaces de fracture, avec comme objectif la discrimination de trois étapes d’endommagement préconisées en mécanique de la rupture: l’étape d’amorçage de la fissure, l’étape de propagation stable et l’étape de la rupture finale du matériau. La rugosité de ces zones de fissuration est différente car la vitesse de fissuration change d’une zone à une autre. En effet, la fissure s’amorce à une vitesse, se propage à une autre vitesse et s’accélère pour mener le matériau à la rupture finale. Ces trois modes de comportement de la fissure sont confirmés par les graphes d’évolution de la fissure en fonction du nombre de cycles à la rupture, estimés à l’aide de la nouvelle stratégie de suivi de fissure développée durant cette thèse. Elle peut être adaptée à tout type de matériaux indépendamment de leur texture ou de leur conductivité électrique, avec une précision de l’ordre de 8 µm. Une campagne d’essais de fatigue a été conduite sur un ensemble d’éprouvettes d’un matériau élastomère destiné à la fabrication de pièces d’accouplements souples en industrie automobile. Les essais de fatigue ont été menés jusqu’à la rupture. Les surfaces de fracture ainsi obtenues sont numérisées à l’aide de deux techniques : l’interférométrie pour obtenir des cartes de hauteurs et la microscopie électronique à balayage pour obtenir des images microscopiques qui décrivent la texture de ces surfaces. La caractérisation de la rugosité de ces zones demande une classification très fine des irrégularités estampillées par la propagation de la fissure. D’où la nécessité d’adopter des méthodes de traitement de signal performantes pour quantifier d’une manière efficace ces structures singulières. Nous exploitons le paramètre de rugosité globale, appelé « exposant de Hurst », pour identifier l’axe de fissuration et par analyse fractale des profils de fracture (coupes transversales des cartes de hauteurs) nous montrons qu’il est possible de reconstruire le parcours de la fissure. L’analyse multifractale basée sur les maxima locaux de la transformée en ondelettes de ces profils a permis la discrimination des trois zones de fissuration à l’aide des spectres de singularités qui quantifient la force des singularités et leur distribution sur les trois zones d’intérêt
This thesis is devoted to analyse the fracture surfaces of a broken piece. The aim is to discriminate the three principles damage stages advocated in the field of fracture mechanics: fracture initiation stage, fracture propagation stage and finale rupture of the material. The behaviour of these fracture modes is confirmed by the graphs of the fatigue crack growth according to the number of fatigue cycles. These graphs are estimated using a new strategy developed for monitoring fatigue crack growth based on thermographic measures applicable to a wide range of materials regardless of their electrical conductivity and their surface texture. A campaign fatigue testing was conducted on a set of an elastomeric material samples, this material is used for the manufacture of parts of flexible couplings automotive industry. The fracture surfaces are digitized using two techniques: interferometry to obtain maps of heights and scanning electron microscopy to obtain microscopic images. The fracture phenomena being highly nonlinear and non-stationary; therefore, the classical roughness parameters measurement of fracture lines development is not adapted for their characterization. In this investigation, multifractal analysis based on the continuous Wavelet Transform Modulus Maxima method (WTMM) is proposed to give the discrimination of the profile lines development at three principal fracture stages. Indeed, the discrimination of these three fracture stages provides a powerful diagnostic tool to identify the fracture initiation site, and thus delineate the causes of the cracking of the material. We have used the global roughness parameter, called Hurst exponent, to identify the axis of cracking. The fractal analysis of the fracture profiles show that it is possible to reconstruct the crack path. It was established that multifractal analysis based WTMM describes reasonably well the scaling properties of local regularity of the fracture. It performs a fine discrimination of the three fracture zones using the singularities spectra which quantify the strength of singularities and their distribution
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Books on the topic "Fractographic analyzes"

1

González-Velázquez, Jorge Luis. Fractography and Failure Analysis. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76651-5.

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Shimokawa, Toshiyuki. Analysis of fatigue fractographic data of a rod end housing using Monte Carlo simulation. Chofu, Tokyo: National Aerospace Laboratory, 1995.

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Kolkman, H. J. Microstructural and fractographic analysis of fatigue crack propagation in 2024-T351 and 2324-T39. Amsterdam: National Aerospace Laboratory, 1985.

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Quinn, G. D. On the fractographic analysis of machining cracks in ground ceramics: A case study on silicon nitride. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2003.

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Freiman, S. W. The fracture of brittle materials: Testing and analysis. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons, 2012.

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McSwain, Richard Horace. Digital fractographic imaging analysis. 1985.

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González-Velázquez, Jorge Luis. Fractography and Failure Analysis. Springer, 2018.

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González-Velázquez, Jorge Luis. Fractography and Failure Analysis. Springer, 2018.

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Fractography in Failure Analysis of Polymers. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2015.

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Fractography in Failure Analysis of Polymers. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/c2013-0-01392-8.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fractographic analyzes"

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Quinn, George D., and Ceramics Division. "Fractographic Analysis of Miniature Theta Specimens." In Corrosion, Wear, Fatigue, and Reliability of Ceramics, 189–99. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470456347.ch19.

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Quinn, G. D. "Fractographic Analysis of Broken Ceramic Dental Restorations." In Advances in Bioceramics and Porous Ceramics VII, 39–51. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119040392.ch5.

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Quinn, George D., Kathleen Hoffman, S. Scherrer, U. Lohbauer, G. Amberger, M. Karl, and J. R. Kelly. "Fractographic Analysis of Broken Ceramic Dental Restorations." In Ceramic Transactions Series, 161–74. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118433010.ch12.

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Kašiarová, Monika, Tanquy Rouxel, J. C. Sanglebœuf, and V. Le Houérou. "Fractographic Analysis of Surface Flaws in Glass." In Fractography of Advanced Ceramics II, 300–303. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-973-3.300.

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Mecholsky, J. J. "Quantitative Fractographic Analysis of Fracture Origins in Glass." In Fractography of Glass, 37–73. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1325-8_2.

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Wanhill, Russell, Simon Barter, and Loris Molent. "Quantitative Fractography (QF) for FCG Analyses." In SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology, 29–41. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1675-6_3.

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Tanaka, Sumio, Yukio Hirose, and Keisuke Tanaka. "X-Ray Fractographic Study On Alumina and Zirconia Ceramics." In Advances in X-Ray Analysis, 719–27. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3744-1_76.

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Haindl, Michal, and Hynek Lauschmann. "Model-Based Fatique Fractographs Texture Analysis." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 842–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-70659-3_89.

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Hirose, Yukio, Zenjiro Yajima, and Keisuke Tanaka. "X-Ray Fractographic Approach to Fracture Toughness of AISI 4340 Steel." In Advances in X-Ray Analysis, 289–96. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2471-3_42.

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Matsuoka, Hideaki, Yukio Hirose, Shigenobu Takahashi, Zenjiro Yajima, and Yoichi Kishi. "X-Ray Fractographic Study on Fracture Surface of New Light Metal." In Advances in X-Ray Analysis, 435–42. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1797-9_50.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fractographic analyzes"

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Makarenko, Konstantin, Alexander Nikitin, and Andrey Parenko. "Fractographic analysis of fractures of graphitized cast iron using optical microscopy." In International Conference "Computing for Physics and Technology - CPT2020". Bryansk State Technical University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/conferencearticle_5fce27703aebb2.03360772.

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Fractography - methods for studying material fractures, the science of the structure of fracture surfaces. Fractography is widely used to determine the causes of destruction of materials and structures. In materials sciences, fractography is used to study crack propagation, microstructure studies, and quality control. When investigating the failure of structures, determining the type of crack (material fatigue, hydrogen embrittlement, stress corrosion cracking, exceeding the permissible load, etc.) makes it possible to determine the cause of the failure. Fractographic studies include the study of a fracture with the naked eye, using an optical and electron microscope. Other methods are also often used, such as measuring hardness or studying the distribution of chemical elements using X-ray spectral microanalysis. Fractographic (or fracture) analysis is the first and obligatory stage of research that must be performed by an expert of the metallurgical examination laboratory when determining the causes of material destruction. Visual examination of the fracture (fracture) surface makes it possible to establish the location of the beginning of fracture, the nature of its further course, to make a judgment about the degree of plasticity of the material and about possible structural defects that led to the initiation and development of cracks. The use of fractographic analysis methods for reconstructing the fracture surface of graphitized cast iron is proposed. The influence of various inclusions in the structure of cast iron is considered. A study of the fracture surface of graphitized cast irons was carried out, and the causes affecting the fracture process were identified.
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Ouahabi, Abdeldjalil, Stephane Jaffard, and Djedjiga Ait Aouit. "Wavelet based Multifractal Analysis in Fractography." In 2008 First Workshops on Image Processing Theory, Tools and Applications (IPTA). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipta.2008.4743742.

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Kraus, Joerg, Carlo Bruschi, Enrico Chierici, Herbert Buerger, and Ivailo Gugov. "Bending strength and fractographic analysis of zinc tellurite glass modified optical fibers." In High-Power Lasers and Applications, edited by M. John Matthewson and Charles R. Kurkjian. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.481341.

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Tlatlik, Johannes, and Thomas Reichert. "Correlation of Fractographic Examinations With Numerical Calculations Regarding Dynamic Fracture." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65042.

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In practice, cleavage fracture assessment for ferritic reactor pressure vessel steels is standardized by the quasi-static Master Curve concept (ASTM E 1921) on a macroscopic level. This standard is technically valid for dynamic loading conditions, yet recent work has shown that experimentally determined fracture toughness values under rapid loading lead to discrepancies regarding the shape of the Master Curve. It is assumed that one reason for these discrepancies is the profound adiabatic heating. The investigation of this, as well as related phenomena, is subject of this work. Regarding this work, these experimental discrepancies are specified by a wide range of experiments. Moreover, fractographic investigations were performed on this experimental database to determine the exact origin of cleavage fracture, and compared to data from quasi-static experiments. In a second step numerical simulations were conducted for various crack-tip loading rates and testing temperatures, whereupon the temperature development in the cleavage fracture relevant region was quantified. This also allowed a determination of the individual initiation temperatures, which were analyzed and discussed whilst also taking into account the increase in local strain rate at the origin of cleavage fracture. Finally, fractographic examinations also revealed the relevance of local crack arrest (crack stop) which was quantified, and also linked to the mentioned experimental discrepancies regarding the Master Curve concept.
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Norico, Allan, and Rommel Estores. "A Novel Approach on Fractography Through Infrared Microscopy." In ISTFA 2019. ASM International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2019p0140.

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Abstract Some of the most challenging task in analyzing fractures is a die that has not been fully cracked apart and a cracked die with electrical overstress damage. Traditional tools such as simple magnifying lens, optical microscope and up to the advance Scanning Electron Microscope are not enough to study the internal fractures or markings that could lead back to the origin of the crack. In order to study these internal fractures, the analyst tends to break the sample into pieces. However, this method creates additional mechanical stress and leads to a secondary crack where the point of origin will be difficult to analyze. This paper aims to introduce infrared microscopy in fractography (mainly on silicon) using cases and techniques to minimize the occurrence of secondary crack in analyzing internal fractures.
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Silveira, Núbia Nale, Rita Sales, Camila Brito, Geraldo Cândido, and Mauricio Donadon. "Fractographic analysis of co-bonded carbon fiber reinforced composites joints subjected to mode I delamination." In 24th ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering. ABCM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.cobem2017.cob17-0778.

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Djezzar, Sofiane, Vamegh Rasouli, Aldjia Boualam, and Minou Rabiei. "FRACTOGRAPHY ANALYSIS OF CAMBRO-ORDOVICIAN RESERVOIRS THROUGH SURFACE ANALOG. MOUYDIR BASIN, ALGERIA." In Joint 53rd Annual South-Central/53rd North-Central/71st Rocky Mtn GSA Section Meeting - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019sc-325903.

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Doyle, Keith B., and Steven E. Forman. "Using finite-element analysis and fractography to resolve a flex pivot failure problem." In Optical Science, Engineering and Instrumentation '97, edited by Alson E. Hatheway. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.279095.

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Khong, Yong Foo, and Michael Raj Marks. "Failure Analysis on Lifted Ball Bond and Micro Lateral Crack Using Fractography Approach." In ISTFA 2013. ASM International, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2013p0292.

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Abstract This paper demonstrates the application of fractography on ductile fracture in gold wire bonding and brittle fracture in micro lateral crack of silicon chip. Different separation mode of a lifted wire ball was mapped through the study of various sizes of dimples, ductile zone and non-welded area. Multiple Focus Ion Beam (FIB) cuts were required at lateral crack area in order to expose the horizontal fracture features to determine the crack propagation direction.
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Salem, Jonathan A., Jane M. Manderscheid, Marc R. Freedman, and John P. Gyekenyesi. "Reliability Analysis of a Structural Ceramic Combustion Chamber." In ASME 1991 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/91-gt-155.

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The Weibull modulus, fracture toughness, and thermal properties of a silicon nitride material used to make a gas turbine combustor were experimentally measured. The location and nature of failure origins resulting from bend tests were determined with fractographic analysis. The measured Weibull parameters were used along with thermal and stress analysis to determine failure probabilities of the combustor with the CARES design code. The effects of data censoring, FEM mesh refinement, and fracture criterion were considered in the analysis.
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Reports on the topic "Fractographic analyzes"

1

Shockey, Donald A., Takao Kobayashi, Naoki Saito, Jean-Marie Aubry, and Alberto Grunbaum. Fractographic Analysis of High-Cycle Fatigue in Aircraft Engines. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada386670.

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Quinn, George D., George D. Quinn, Lewis K. Ives, and Said Jahanmir. On the fractographic analysis of machining cracks in ground ceramics. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.996.

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Quinn, George D., Jeffrey J. Swab, and Michael J. Slavin. A Proposed Standard Practice for Fractographic Analysis of Monolithic Advanced Ceramics. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada231989.

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