Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fractional spin'
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Thomale, Ronny. "Fractional excitations in low-dimensional spin systems." Aachen Shaker, 2008. http://d-nb.info/992564492/04.
Full textThomale, Ronny [Verfasser]. "Fractional Excitations in low–dimensional spin systems / Ronny Thomale." Aachen : Shaker, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1161309616/34.
Full textStern, Omar I. "Spin phenomena in the fractional quantum hall effect NMR and magnetotransport studies /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB11759367.
Full textMariani, Eros. "On the role of spin, pairing and statistics for composite fermions in the fractional quantum Hall effect." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=968875653.
Full textLu, Yuan-Ming. "Exotic phases of correlated electrons in two dimensions." Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2363.
Full textExotic phases and associated phase transitions in low dimensions have been a fascinating frontier and a driving force in modern condensed matter physics since the 80s. Due to strong correlation effect, they are beyond the description of mean-field theory based on a single-particle picture and Landau's symmetry-breaking theory of phase transitions. These new phases of matter require new physical quantities to characterize them and new languages to describe them. This thesis is devoted to the study on exotic phases of correlated electrons in two spatial dimensions. We present the following efforts in understanding two-dimensional exotic phases: (1) Using Zn vertex algebra, we give a complete classification and characterization of different one-component fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states, including their ground state properties and quasiparticles. (2) In terms of a non-unitary transformation, we obtain the exact form of statistical interactions between composite fermions in the lowest Landau level (LLL) with v=1/(2m), m=1,2... By studying the pairing instability of composite fermions we theoretically explains recently observed FQHE in LLL with v=1/2,1/4. (3) We classify different Z2 spin liquids (SLs) on kagome lattice in Schwinger-fermion representation using projective symmetry group (PSG). We propose one most promising candidate for the numerically discovered SL state in nearest-neighbor Heisenberg model on kagome lattice}. (4) By analyzing different Z2 spin liquids on honeycomb lattice within PSG classification, we find out the nature of the gapped SL phase in honeycomb lattice Hubbard model, labeled sublattice pairing state (SPS) in Schwinger-fermion representation. We also identify the neighboring magnetic phase of SPS as a chiral-antiferromagnetic (CAF) phase and analyze the continuous phase transition between SPS and CAF phase. For the first time we identify a SL called 0-flux state in Schwinger-boson representation with one (SPS) in Schwinger-fermion representation by a duality transformation. (5) We show that when certain non-collinear magnetic order coexists in a singlet nodal superconductor, there will be Majorana bound states in vortex cores/on the edges of the superconductor. This proposal opens a window for discovering Majorana fermions in strongly correlated electrons. (6) Motivated by recent numerical discovery of fractionalized phases in topological flat bands, we construct wavefunctions for spin-polarized fractional Chern insulators (FCI) and time reversal symmetric fractional topological insulators (FTI) by parton approach. We show that lattice symmetries give rise to different FCI/FTI states even with the same filling fraction. For the first time we construct FTI wavefunctions in the absence of spin conservation which preserve all lattice symmetries. The constructed wavefunctions also set up the framework for future variational Monte Carlo simulations
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2011
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Physics
Marut, Clotilde. "La théorie de la fonctionnelle de la densité d'ensemble : une alternative pour décrire les états excités et pour pallier aux limitations des méthodes ab initio standard." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023TOU30312.
Full textOver the last few decades, density-functional theory (DFT) has proved to be a rigorous approach for describing the ground-state of any electronic system. Due to a relatively low computational cost and the elaboration of sophisticated density-functional approximations (DFAs), DFT became the prevailing method used in electronic-structure calculations. Still, there remain numerous challenges that standard DFAs fail to overcome. These limitations are not attributed to failures of the theory itself but are rather due to deficiencies of the currently used approximate exchange-correlation (xc) functionals. There exists a generalization of ground-state DFT to fractional occupation numbers which allows for the description of systems with fractional number of electrons, PPLB-DFT. Such grand canonical extension of DFT can be achieved through the use of the ensemble formalism and enables direct extraction of charged excitation energies and other properties from a single DFT-like calculation. Unfortunately, the inability of commonly used exchange-correlation DFAs to mimic the infamous derivative discontinuity (DD) has proved to be highly detrimental to the prediction of charged excitations such as ionization potentials and electron affinities, yielding substantial errors, and known as the fundamental-gap problem. Regarding this matter, ensemble DFT (eDFT) offers a very appealing alternative benefiting from the possibility for explicitly weight-dependent xc-functionals to mimic the infamous DD through their derivatives with respect to the ensemble weights. DFT is known to possess deficiencies when it comes to computing charged and neutral excitations. The most popular way to access neutrally excited states within the scope of DFT is through its time-dependent extension, TD-DFT. Indeed, one would usually turn to TD-DFT to get accurate transition energies for low-lying excited-states with a relatively moderate computational cost. Although TD-DFT has been incredibly successful to access neutral excitation energies, it still suffers from some limitations and fails to provide accurate descriptions of some phenomena and properties. eDFT constitutes a promising alternative to TD-DFT for computing electronic excitation energies. In eDFT, it is possible to extract any neutral excitation energies of a N-electron system from a single calculation through the use of a Gross-Oliveira-Kohn (GOK) ensemble, with a similar computational cost and level of approximation for the xc-functional than in an usual DFT calculation. GOK-DFT is a less well-known but comparably rigorous alternative to TD-DFT where the large choice of ensemble weights and the weight-dependence of DFAs can significantly impact the accuracy of the energies. In DFT, it is well-known that the HOMO-LUMO gap can be a very poor estimation of the fundamental gap of the system, whereas eDFT may provide better predictions. Nevertheless, accessing charged excitations usually require to vary the number of electrons of the system, which can be problematic for some systems. Very recently, a new canonical eDFT formalism has been developed, the N-centered formalism, which allows for the extraction of charged excitation energies without any alteration of the number of electrons of the system. The behaviour of standard approximations in the scope of eDFT may provide additional insight into the intrinsic systematic errors of DFAs, such as the violation of the piecewise-linearity and constancy-condition exact properties. Indeed, poor descriptions of systems with fractional charges and fractional spins have shown to have major implications on the description of strongly correlated systems, which are known to suffer from large static-correlation errors, as well as on the prediction of asymptotic integer dissociations and band-gap predictions. These considerations may lead the way to further development and refinement of the DFT scheme towards both current and emerging applications
Johansson, Bergholtz Emil. "One-dimensional theory of the quantum Hall system." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7545.
Full textFiala, Jan. "Statistical Mechanics of Farey Fraction Spin Chain Models." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2004. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/FialaJ2004.pdf.
Full textBrown, Natalie. "Matrix continued fraction approach to the relativistic quantum mechanical spin-zero Feshbach-Villars equations." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1597738.
Full textIn this thesis we solve the Feshbach-Villars equations for spin-zero particles through use of matrix continued fractions. The Feshbach-Villars equations are derived from the Klein-Gordon equation and admit, for the Coulomb potential on an appropriate basis, a Hamiltonian form that has infinite symmetric band-matrix structure. The corresponding representation of the Green's operator of such a matrix can be given as a matrix continued fraction. Furthermore, we propose a finite dimensional representation for the potential operator such that it retains some information about the whole Hilbert space. Combining these two techniques, we are able to solve relativistic quantum mechanical problems of a spin-zero particle in a Coulomb-like potential with a high level of accuracy.
Nabti, Abderrazak. "Non linear, non-local evolution equations : theory and application." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LAROS032.
Full textOur objective in this thesis is to study the existence of local solutions, existence global and blow up of solutions at a finite time to some nonlinear nonlocal Schrödinger equations. In the case when a solution blows-up at a finite time T < 1, we obtain an upper estimate of the life span of solutions. In the first chapter, we consider a nonlinear Schrödinger equation on RN. We first prove local existence of solution for any initial condition in L2 space. Then we prove nonexistence of a nontrivial global weak solution. Furthermore, we prove that the L2-norm of the local intime L2-solution blows up at a finite time. The second chapter is dedicated to study an initial value problem for the nonlocal intime nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Using the test function method, we derive a blow-up result. Then based on integral inequalities, we estimate the life span of blowing-up solutions. In the chapter 3, we prove nonexistence result of a space higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Then, we obtain an upper bound of the life span of solutions. Furthermore, the necessary conditions for the existence of local or global solutions are provided. Next, we extend our results to the 2 _ 2-system. Our method of proof rests on a judicious choice of the test function in the weak formulation of the equation. Finally, we consider a nonlinear nonlocal in time Schrödinger equation on the Heisenberg group. We prove nonexistence of non-trivial global weak solution of our problem. Furthermore, we give an upper bound of the life span of blowing up solutions
Rivas, Mendoza Angel E. "Ondas de densidad de espin en el compuesto casi-2D CuFeTe2 : evidencia directa de la coexistencia de los estados normal y condensado." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30010.
Full textIn this thesis work we achieved a rigorous study, by means of different experimental techniques, of the magnetic and electric behavior of the layered compound CuFeTe2. Five samples have been analyzed: four have been prepared by standard melt and anneal techniques and one of them by the Bridgman vertical growth technique. A study of the chemical composition by the EDX technique shows that one of the samples is stoichiometric. The results of X-ray diffraction confirm the tetragonal layered structure of the compound. The magnetic measurements results, performed in a Faraday balance (78-350 K, under a magnetic field of 0. 28 T) and in a SQUID magnetometer (2-320 K, under fields of 35 and 70 G), indicate the appearance of an antiferromagnetic order below about 300 K, with a Pauli paramagnetic behavior above this temperature. This behavior is attributed to the formation of a Spin Density Wave (SDW) state in CuFeTe2. Another element in favor of the existence of the SDW is given by the Mössbauer effect measurements: In the temperature range 2-310 K a variety of spectra are observed, going from an incommensurate magnetic structure, to whom is superposed a non magnetic contribution as temperature raises, until the complete disappearance of the first one. To confirm the itinerant character of the observed magnetism, a spectrum recorded under a magnetic field of 6. 5 T shows that iron doesn't hold a magnetic moment. .
Yang, Feng. "Interpolation des données en imagerie cardiaque par résonance magnétique du tenseur de diffusion." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00578777.
Full textVýborný, Karel [Verfasser]. "Spin in fractional quantum Hall systems / Karel Výborný." 2005. http://d-nb.info/975810383/34.
Full textThomale, Ronny [Verfasser]. "Fractional excitations in low-dimensional spin systems / von Ronny Thomale." 2008. http://d-nb.info/99195811X/34.
Full textStern, Omar I. [Verfasser]. "Spin phenomena in the fractional quantum Hall fffect : NMR and magnetotransport studies / vorgelegt von Omar I. Stern." 2005. http://d-nb.info/974883867/34.
Full textMariani, Eros [Verfasser]. "On the role of spin, pairing and statistics for composite fermions in the fractional quantum Hall effect / vorgelegt von Eros Mariani." 2003. http://d-nb.info/968875653/34.
Full textBossé, Éric-Olivier. "Transfert d'information quantique et intrication sur réseaux photoniques." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20307.
Full textAgarwala, Adhip. "Excursions in ill condensed quantum matter from amorphous topological insulators to fractional spins." Thesis, 2018. http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4183.
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