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Journal articles on the topic 'Fractional Slot'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 1 April 2023

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1

Wang, Xiu Ping, Chun Yu Qu, Rui Guo, and Jun You Zhao. "Performance Analysis of Novel Fractional-Slot Concentrated-Winding Permanent Magnet Machine with Different Pole and Slot Matching." Applied Mechanics and Materials 668-669 (October 2014): 625–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.668-669.625.

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In order to analyze the possibility of the fractional-slot concentrated-winding for wind generation, this paper states the merits of fractional-slot concentrated-winding permanent magnet machines, and then analyzes the electromagnetic design rules of fractional-slot concentrated-winding. The fractional-slot concentrated-winding permanent magnet machine is modeled and designed in electromagnetic, and its performance is analyzed, some conclusions can be obtained, which will provide reference for further analysis and application of fractional-slot concentrated-winding PM machine.

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2

Wu, Chuan Guo, Jian Zhong Zhang, Yu Ting Chen, and Ming Cheng. "Comparison Study of Tubular Linear Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Actuator with Different Fractional Slot Winding." Applied Mechanics and Materials 416-417 (September 2013): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.416-417.281.

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There are many slot/pole combinations may be selected for the fractional slot tubular linear surface-mounted motors (TLSPM) used as actuators for high voltage breakers, such as 15/8, 15/4, 15/2, 12/8. Compared with integral slot winding, the fractional slot winding has more advantages. Since the winding arrangement will be changed due to the different slot/pole numbers. The characteristics of the TLSPM with different fractional slot, such as detent force, back EMF, are analyzed and compared in this paper. It is shown that good performance may be achieved by selecting appropriate fractional slot design.

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3

Jiang, Wei. "Analysis of cogging torque of permanent magnet synchronous motor with different pole slots." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 32 (February 12, 2023): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v32i.4937.

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Using Maxwell finite element analysis software, the harmonic contents of no-load magnetic field and load magnetic field of three permanent magnet synchronous motors with 8 poles, 24 slots, 36 slots and 48 slots are calculated, and the radial force wave analysis is carried out. The influence of chute on cogging torque of integer slot motor and the influence of different pole arc coefficients and eccentricity of magnetic steel on sinusoidal distortion rate of magnetic field are analyzed. The analysis and calculation results show that, compared with fractional slot motor, the radial electromagnetic force and cogging torque of integral slot motor can be reduced more effectively by selecting the inclined slot and the appropriate magnetic steel shape, which provides a theoretical basis for reducing the vibration and noise of permanent magnet synchronous motor.

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4

Liu, Guang Qi. "Investigation on Slot/Pole Number Combinations for PMSM with Concentrated Fractional Slot Winding." Advanced Engineering Forum 2-3 (December 2011): 512–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.2-3.512.

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Five features of slot number-phase table of cell motor are deeply discussed in this paper. Then it is derived that four constraints of cell motor with fractional slot winding and two additional constraints of cell motor with concentrated fractional slot winding. Finally, the equivalent calculation of spread factor of fractional slot motor and integral slot motor is proposed by use of the dummy motor. Because Slot number-phase table is brought in, the method proposed by this paper is convenient to carry out automatic analysis and calculation by computer.

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5

Wang, Xiu Ping, and Chun Yu Qu. "On the Possibility of Fractional-Slot Concentrated-Winding Permanent Magnet Machine for Wind Power Generation." Advanced Materials Research 945-949 (June 2014): 2858–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.945-949.2858.

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In order to obtain the low synchronous speed, fractional slot concentrated winding is adopted in generation system. This paper analyzed the pole/slot combination rule, and studied the electromagnetic design method. By the finite element software, the characteristics is analyzed for this fractional-slot concentrated-winding permanent magnet generator, the result shows that this generator has a good performance, thus yet proves that fractional slot concentrated winding scheme is feasible.

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6

Wang, Xiu Ping, Chun Yu Qu, Xiao Feng Xu, and Dong Rui Wang. "Design and Analysis of Fractional-Slot Concentrated-Winding Permanent Magnet Machine for Wind Power Generation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 668-669 (October 2014): 611–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.668-669.611.

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In order to obtain the low synchronous speed, fractional-slot concentrated-winding PM machine is adopted to wind power generation system. This paper analyzed the pole slot combination rule, and then studied the electromagnetic design method by taking 12-slot and 10-pole machine. By using the finite element software, the characteristics is analyzed for this fractional-slot concentrated-winding permanent magnet generator, the research results show that this generator has good performance, thus prove that fractional-slot concentrated-winding scheme is feasible and effective.

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7

Si, Meng, and Ying Li Yang. "The Influence of Pole-Slot Match on Magnetomotive Force with Concentrated Fractional-Slot Winding." Applied Mechanics and Materials 397-400 (September 2013): 1209–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.397-400.1209.

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Magnetic field, produced by magnetomotive force (MMF) harmonic waves, is harmful to motors, by reducing efficiency of motors, resulting in demagnetization of permanent magnets and so on. It is also responsible for the increase of eddy current loss and the rise of temperature of rotors. Thus, research on the influence of pole-slot match on MMF with concentrated fractional-slot winding is necessary. This paper aims at researching unit motors with different cooperation of slots and poles. First, basic principle of MMF is described. Then, with different kinds of unit motors, MMF of harmonic waves is analyzed. Based on these analyses, distributive regularities are summarized.

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8

Astuti, Dian Widi, Muhamad Asvial, Fitri Yuli Zulkifli, and Eko Tjipto Rahardjo. "Bandwidth Enhancement on Half-Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide Antenna Using Cavity-Backed Triangular Slot." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2020 (December 2, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1212894.

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This paper proposes bandwidth enhancement of a cavity-backed slot antenna using a triangular slot on a half-mode substrate integrated waveguide structure antenna. The bandwidth enhancement was achieved by combining the fixed TE101 and the downward shifting TE102 modes, resulting in hybrid modes. The design evolution of the slot antenna from a half nonresonating rectangular slot to a triangular slot antenna increased the fractional bandwidth. The simulation result showed that fractional bandwidth increased from 6.27% to 9.1%. It was confirmed by measurement that the fractional bandwidth of 9.87% was achieved which reflects a 350 MHz bandwidth with center frequency at 3.84 GHz. The measured gain at center frequency was 4.2 dBi. It is shown that the radiation characteristics obtained from both measurement and simulation results are in very good agreement.

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9

Wolnik, Tomasz, Vítezslav Styskala, and Tomas Mlcak. "Study on the Selection of the Number of Magnetic Poles and the Slot-Pole Combinations in Fractional Slot PMSM Motor with a High Power Density." Energies 15, no. 1 (December 29, 2021): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15010215.

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Fractional slot, PMSM motors with a properly designed electromagnetic circuit allow for obtaining high power density factors (more than 4 kW per 1 kg of total motor weight). The selection of the number of magnetic poles to the specific dimensions and operating conditions of the motor, as well as the number of slots for the selected number of magnetic poles is the subject of the analysis in this article. This issue is extremely important because it affects the mass of the motor, the value of shaft torque, shaft power and the value of rotor losses. The aim of the work is to select solutions with the highest values of power density factor and, at the same time, the lowest values of rotor losses. The object of the study is a fractional slot PMSM motor with an external solid rotor core with surface permanent magnets (SPM). Motor weight is approximately 10 kg, outer diameter is 200 mm and a maximum power is 50 kW at 4800 r/min. The article analyzes the selection of magnetic poles in the range from 2p = 12 to 2p = 24 and various slot-pole combinations for individual magnetic poles. The target function of the objective was achieved and the calculations results were verified on the physical model. The best solutions were 20-pole, 30-slots (highest efficiency and lowest rotor loss) and 24-pole, 27 slots (highest power density).

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10

Vialcev, Georgy B., Dmitriy M. Toporkov, and Olga E. Gubareva. "Investigation of Winding Circuit Effect on Characteristics of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines with Fractional Slot Concentrated Winding." Applied Mechanics and Materials 698 (December 2014): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.698.30.

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Star-connected and delta-connected circuits of fractional slot concentrated winding in permanent magnets synchronous machines (SMPM) are described in the paper. Advantages and drawbacks of these winding circuit types are shown. Investigation results on the characteristics degradation in the machines with fractional slot concentrated windings owing to delta-connected circuit are presented.

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11

Torreggiani, Ambra, Claudio Bianchini, Matteo Davoli, and Alberto Bellini. "Design for Reliability: The Case of Fractional-Slot Surface Permanent-Magnet Machines." Energies 12, no. 9 (May 5, 2019): 1691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12091691.

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Surface permanent-magnet machines are widely used in different applications, from industrial automation to home appliance and electrical traction. Among any possible machine topology, the fractional-slot surface permanent-magnet one has gained increasing importance, because of its high torque density, low cogging torque, extended flux weakening capability and high efficiency. In addition, fractional-slot machines are attractive for tooth concentrated windings, which allow some optimized manufacturing solutions such as modular stator tooth and high slot filling factor, which result in copper volume reduction; cost reduction, and lower stator parasitic resistances. The slot–pole combination is one of the most important design parameter and, as shown in this paper, it affects performances and the robustness of the machine with respect to the manufacturing imperfections. In the literature, slot–pole combinations are optimized at design phase by finite-element analysis relying on a healthy machine model. The original contribution of this paper is a design for reliability method that models manufacturing defects and includes them at design phase in the optimization process of slot–pole combinations. A method is presented that allows defining the optimal design parameters for maximum performances and robustness towards unavoidable imperfections caused by tolerances of the manufacturing process.

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12

Chen, Qiang, Hou Zhang, Lu-chun Yang, Bin-bin Li, and Xue-liang Min. "Wideband Inverted-L Microstrip-via-Fed Circularly Polarized Antenna with Asymmetrical Ground for WLAN/Wimax Applications." Frequenz 72, no. 7-8 (June 26, 2018): 333–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/freq-2017-0075.

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Abstract A design with wideband and circularly polarized radiation antenna from an open-slot antenna has been demonstrated in this paper. The proposed antenna, which consists of an open slot and an inverted-L strip feeding, provides a large bandwidth, which completely cover the Wimax (3.3–3.8 GHz) and WLAN (2.4–2.48 GHz) bands. The open slot is formed by an modified ground plane with a slit cut and monofilar spiral stubs employed, which fed by an asymmetrical inverted-L strip feedline using a via. As demonstrated, the CP operation was significantly improved by loading monofilar spiral stubs connected to the asymmetric feedline by means of a via. A parametric study of the key parameters is made and the mechanism for circular polarization is described. After optimization, the impedance bandwidth is approximately 3.78 GHz (2.12 to 5.9 GHz) and the 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth is approximately 2.75 GHz (2.2 to 4.95 GHz), which represent fractional bandwidths of approximately 94.3 % and 76.9 %, respectively.

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13

Haouas, Elyes, Imen Abdennadher, and Ahmed Masmoudi. "Multi-Phase Fractional-Slot PM Synchronous Machines with Enhanced Open-Circuit Fault-Tolerance: Viable Candidates for Automotive Applications." World Electric Vehicle Journal 12, no. 1 (February 20, 2021): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj12010032.

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This paper deals with the winding arrangement of multi-phase fractional-slot permanent magnet (PM) synchronous machines (FSPMSMs), with emphasis on the enhancement of their open-circuit fault-tolerance capability. FSPMSMs are reputed by their attractive intrinsic fault-tolerance capability, which increases with the number of phases. Of particular interest is the open-circuit fault-tolerance capability, which could be significantly enhanced through the parallel connection of the coils or suitable combinations of the coils of each phase. Nevertheless, such an arrangement of the armature winding is applicable to a limited set of slot-pole combinations. The present work proposes a design approach that extends the slot-pole combinations to candidates that are characterized by a star of slots including three phasors per phase and per winding period. It has the merit of improving the tolerance against open-circuit faults along with an increase in the winding factor of multi-phase machines. Special attention is paid to characterization of the coil asymmetry required for the phase parallel arrangement. A case study, aimed at a finite element analysis (FEA)-based investigation of the open-circuit fault-tolerance of a five-phase FSPMSM, is treated in order to validate the analytical prediction.

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14

Sedelnikova, V. V., A. G. Pristup, and T. V. Chestyunina. "Inductance calculation of fractional slot concentrated windings." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 194 (November 15, 2018): 022031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/194/2/022031.

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15

Sun, Haiyang Y., and Kai Wang. "Space Harmonics Elimination for Fractional-Slot Windings With Two-Slot Coil Pitch." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 106961–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2933256.

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16

Fornasiero, Emanuele, Nicola Bianchi, and Silverio Bolognani. "Slot Harmonic Impact on Rotor Losses in Fractional-Slot Permanent-Magnet Machines." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 59, no. 6 (June 2012): 2557–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2011.2168794.

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17

Zhang, De Wei, and Zhen Nan Fan. "No-Load Voltage Waveform Computation of the Different Design Schemes of Stator Slots Skewing Degree of Tubular Hydro-Generator." Advanced Materials Research 1092-1093 (March 2015): 296–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1092-1093.296.

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To reduce the tubular hydro-generator no-load voltage waveform distortion,some different design schemes of stator slot skewing degree in a 36MW fractional slot tubular hydro-generator (q=11/2 ) are calculated and compared. Then, the relation of the no-load voltage waveform harmonic distortion factor (HDF) and stator slot skewing degree are revealed. The research provides the important reference informations for the optimization of no-load voltage waveform , and it is helpful for improving the industral design and manufacture standard of tubular hydro-generator.

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18

Bang, Tae-Kyoung, Kyung-Hun Shin, Jeong-In Lee, Hoon-Ki Lee, Han-Wook Cho, and Jang-Young Choi. "Experimental and Comparative Study of Rotor Vibrations of Permanent Magnet Machines with Two Different Fractional Pole/Slot Combinations." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24 (December 9, 2020): 8792. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10248792.

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This study deals with the noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) characteristic analysis of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) for electrical machines, such as electrically driven tools that are used in industries. An improved NVH design is needed for application to industrial tools. In general, the electromagnetic NVH characteristics of PMSMs are classified into electromagnetic excitation sources, such as total harmonic distortion of EMF, torque pulsation, magnetic pull force, and unbalanced magnetic force (UMF). This study compares the vibration and noise generated by fractional pole/slot combinations. In PMSMs with fractional pole/slot combinations, UMF is an important NVH source. PMSMs generate UMF because of armature reaction fields based on the pole/slot combinations and harmonics of magnetic flux density. UMF was derived using the finite element method, and the rotor vibration analysis was performed using electromagnetic mechanical coupling analysis. The analysis results and the effect of electromagnetic excitation characteristics on the rotor vibration of the PMSMs were compared and analyzed.

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19

Alipour-Sarabi, Ramin, Zahra Nasiri-Gheidari, Farid Tootoonchian, and Hashem Oraee. "Analysis of Winding Configurations and Slot-Pole Combinations in Fractional-Slots Resolvers." IEEE Sensors Journal 17, no. 14 (July 15, 2017): 4420–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2017.2707523.

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20

Mohd Jamil, Mohd Luqman, Zulfikri Zaki Zolkapli, Auzani Jidin, Raja Nor Firdaus Raja Othman, and Tole Sutikno. "Electromagnetic Performance due to Tooth-tip Design in Fractional-slot PM Brushless Machines." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 6, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 860. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v6.i4.pp860-868.

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Permanent Magnet (PM) machines are favorable as an alternative to other machine topologies due to simpler construction and high torque density. However, it may result hight torque ripple due to an influence of cogging torque and electronic commutation. In this paper, comparisons of phase back-emf, static torque and cogging torque due to influence of tooth-tip asymmetry in 12-slot/10-pole double-layer and 12-slot/10-pole single layer winding machines are carried out using 2D Finite-Element Analysis. At rated condition, the stator asymmetry has great influence on the torque performance as there is significant reduction of torque ripple in 12-slot/10-pole mahine equipped with single layer winding than one equipped with double layer winding machine. It si confirmed that an optimum torque performance is desirable via stator iron modification in PM machines.

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21

Laksar, Jan, Lukáš Veg, and Roman Pechánek. "Challenges in Winding Design and Thermal Calculations: Physical Model of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine." Machines 9, no. 10 (October 13, 2021): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines9100234.

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Interest in multilayer windings is increasing with the application of the hairpin winding technology to the manufacturing of electrical machines. Therefore, the four-layer fractional slot concentrated winding is used for the initial design of the machine in this paper. The proposed physical model of the machine uses winding with a relatively high number of turns which is inappropriate to hairpin winding. Therefore the round-wire winding is created and the three-layer winding is derived and analyzed including the effect on the slot leakage inductance. The thermal analysis is then applied to the physical model of the machine to evaluate the slot-related thermal properties of the slot and the whole machine. The measurement is compared with the finite element analysis (FEA) and the equivalent slot thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficients of the stator and rotor are obtained.

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22

Filgueiras, Hugo Rodrigues Dias, James R. Kelly, Pei Xiao, I. F. da Costa, and Arismar Cerqueira Sodré. "Wideband Omnidirectional Slotted-Waveguide Antenna Array Based on Trapezoidal Slots." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2019 (October 13, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3792980.

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This manuscript presents a novel approach for designing wideband omnidirectional slotted-waveguide antenna arrays, which is based on trapezoidal-shaped slots with two different electrical lengths, as well as a twisted distribution of slot groups along the array longitudinal axis. The trapezoidal section is formed by gradually increasing the slot length between the waveguide interior and exterior surfaces. In this way, a smoother impedance transition between waveguide and air is provided in order to enhance the array operating bandwidth. In addition, we propose a twisting technique, responsible to improve the omnidirectional pattern, by means of reducing the gain ripple in the azimuth plane. Experimental results demonstrate 1.09 GHz bandwidth centered at 24 GHz (4.54% fractional bandwidth), gain up to 14.71 dBi over the operating bandwidth, and only 2.7 dB gain variation in the azimuth plane. The proposed antenna array and its enabling techniques present themselves as promising solutions for mm-wave application, including 5G enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) communications.

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23

Khurshid, Adnan, Jian Dong, and Ronghua Shi. "A Metamaterial-Based Compact Planar Monopole Antenna for Wi-Fi and UWB Applications." Sensors 19, no. 24 (December 9, 2019): 5426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19245426.

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Ultrawideband (UWB) antennas are widely used as core devices in high-speed wireless communication. A novel compact UWB monopole antenna with an additional narrow band for Wi-Fi applications comprising a metamaterial (MTM) is proposed in this paper. The antenna has a compact size of 27 × 33 mm2 and consists of a V-shaped slot with two rectangular slots in the radiation patch. The inductance and capacitance develop due to the V-shaped slot in the radiation patch. The proposed antenna has −10 dB bandwidths of 3.2 GHz to 14 GHz for UWB and 2.38 GHz to 2.57 GHz for narrowband, corresponding to 144% and 7.66% fractional bandwidths, respectively. The measured gain and efficiency meet the desired values for UWB and Wi-Fi applications. To verify the performance of the antenna, the proposed antenna is fabricated and tested. The simulated and measured results agree well at UWB frequencies and Wi-Fi frequencies, and the antenna can be used as a smart device for portable IoT applications.

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24

Prieto, Borja, Miguel Martinez-Iturralde, Luis Fontan, and Ibon Elosegui. "Analytical Calculation of the Slot Leakage Inductance in Fractional-Slot Concentrated-Winding Machines." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 62, no. 5 (May 2015): 2742–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2014.2362094.

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25

Tessarolo, Alberto, Cesare Ciriani, Mauro Bortolozzi, Mario Mezzarobba, and Nicola Barbini. "Investigation Into Multi-Layer Fractional-Slot Concentrated Windings With Unconventional Slot-Pole Combinations." IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 34, no. 4 (December 2019): 1985–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tec.2019.2929950.

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26

Vialcev, Georgy B., and Alexander F. Shevchencko. "Investigation of Synchronization Properties of PM Machines with Fractional Slot Concentrated Windings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 792 (September 2015): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.792.73.

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The paper reports on results of studying self-starting capabilities of a commercial machine with fractional slot concentrated windings. The results are obtained by mathematical modeling techniques and experiment.

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27

Alberti, Luigi, and Nicola Bianchi. "Theory and Design of Fractional-Slot Multilayer Windings." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 49, no. 2 (March 2013): 841–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2013.2242031.

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28

Fornasiero, Emanuele, Luigi Alberti, Nicola Bianchi, and Silverio Bolognani. "Considerations on Selecting Fractional-Slot Nonoverlapped Coil Windings." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 49, no. 3 (May 2013): 1316–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2013.2251853.

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29

EL‐Refaie, Ayman, and Manoj Shah. "Induction machine performance with fractional‐slot concentrated windings." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 31, no. 1 (December 30, 2011): 119–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321641211184869.

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30

Dajaku, Gurakuq, Sachar Spas, and Dieter Gerling. "Advanced optimization methods for fractional slot concentrated windings." Electrical Engineering 101, no. 1 (March 19, 2019): 103–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00202-019-00760-6.

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31

Rebai, Hajer, Imen Abdennadher, and Ahmed Masmoudi. "Torque production improvement of a five phase fractional-slot PM machine under faulty operation." COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 34, no. 6 (November 2, 2015): 1758–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-06-2015-0240.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to deal with several approach to recover the torque production capability of a five phase double-layer fractional-slot PM machine under faulty operation. The considered fault is an open-circuit coil in a given phase. Design/methodology/approach – In a first step, the mean futures, such as the phase back-EMFs and the electromagnetic torque, are computed by finite element analysis under healthy operation, and are taken as references. Then, they are investigated, under a faulty coil, for different approaches to recover the torque production capability. Findings – A comparison of the potentialities of the torque recovery approaches has clearly highlight the superiority of the approach consisting in the re-adjustment of the current initial phases, in an attempt to equilibrate the resulting air gap MMF. Research limitations/implications – This work should be extended by an experimental validation of the predicted results regarding the back-EMFs and the electromagnetic torque. Practical implications – The investigation of the considered five phase fractional-slot PM machine under faulty operation should be extended to several faulty scenarios in order to fulfill the requirements of many applications such as the propulsion systems. Originality/value – The paper proposes different approaches to recover the torque production capability of a five phase fractional-slot PM machine under faulty operation.

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32

Korneev, Vyacheslav, Alexander Pristup, and Olga E. Gubareva. "Winding Factor of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines with Fractional Slot Concentrated Windings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 698 (December 2014): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.698.73.

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The use of fractional slot concentrated windings in electrical machines has a variety of advantages. A winding factor is one of the most important parameter which is necessary for electrical machines designing and modeling.

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33

Chen, Hansi, Jinghong Zhao, Yiyong Xiong, Sinian Yan, and Hao Xu. "An Improved Model for Five-Phase Induction Motor Based on Magnetic Noise Reduction Part II: Pole-Slot Scheme." Processes 10, no. 8 (July 22, 2022): 1430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10081430.

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For the reduction in the electromagnetic noise level of three-phase induction motors, many empirical rules and analytical models have been established to select the matching scheme of pole and slot, but they are not fully applicable to five-phase squirrel cage induction motors (FSCIM). In this paper, combined with the slot-number phase diagram (SNPD), and the electromagnetic force-vibration-acoustic analytical model deduced in Part I, the influence of pole-slot schemes, including five-phase regular-size phase-belt and fractional-slot winding, on magnetic noise is analyzed. The feasibility of electromagnetic noise prediction is verified by finite element simulation and experiments. Taking a 4 kW FSCIM as a prototype, noise prediction is carried out for all the slot-number matching schemes with pole pairs not exceeding three. For two noise reduction targets, which reduce the maximum single-frequency noise in the steady-state operation and the average noise during startup, the pole-slot numbers matching rule of FSCIM is given. This improved model is also applicable in different power ranges for the noise reduction design of five-phase motors.

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34

Sulaiman, Farina, R. N. Firdaus, M. S. Ahmad, A. Jidin, and T. Sutikno. "Winding Arrangement of A New Type Hollow Rotor BLDC Motor." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 9, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 933. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v9.i3.pp933-946.

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This paper discusses about winding arrangement of fractional slot of a new type hollow rotor Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motor. Hollow rotor has higher performance compared to other BLDC motor because it minimizes the unused flux below permanent magnet and maximize torque produce by the motor. It’s also known that 8 pole motor is favorite used in industrial because it has an optimum space of permanent magnet for a smaller motor size. The number of pole will affect the maximum speed of the rotor. Thus, the objective of this research is to investigate the best winding arrangement for 8 pole of hollow rotor that could produce the highest electromagnetic performance. At starts, four combinations of slot number and coil sizes had been selected. Structural comparison in term of coil vector and winding arrangement is studied. Finite Element Method (FEM) had been used to simulate the parameters such as backemf and torque waveforms. It was convinced that 9 slot 8 pole with 0.6 size of coil produces the best performance. The confirmed model had been fabricated and measured. Both results from FEM and measurement are compared in term of backemf and torque where percentage differences are 7.4 % and 8 %, respectively. As conclusion, this research shows the fundamental of winding arrangement of fractional slot of motor especially 8 pole motor.

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Li, Dawei, Tianjie Zou, Ronghai Qu, and Dong Jiang. "Analysis of Fractional-Slot Concentrated Winding PM Vernier Machines With Regular Open-Slot Stators." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 54, no. 2 (March 2018): 1320–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2017.2778686.

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Hwang, C. C., M. H. Wu, and S. P. Cheng. "Influence of pole and slot combinations on cogging torque in fractional slot PM motors." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 304, no. 1 (September 2006): e430-e432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2006.01.207.

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Wang, Jiabin. "Performance evaluation of fractional-slot tubular permanent magnet machines with low space harmonics." Archives of Electrical Engineering 64, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 655–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aee-2015-0049.

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Abstract This paper evaluates the perforamnce of fractional-slot per pole winding configurations for tubular permanent magnet (PM) machines that can effectively eliminate the most undesirable space harmonics in a simple and cost-effective manner. The benefits of the proposed machine topology winding configurations are illustrated through comparison with 9-slot, 10-pole tubular PM machine developed for a free piston energy converter under the same specification and volumetric constraints. It has been shown that the proposed machine topology results in more than 7 times reduction in the eddy current loss in the mover magnets and supporting tube, and hence avoids potential problem of excessive mover temperature and risk of demagnetization.

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Lee, Young-Keun, Tae-Kyoung Bang, Seong-Tae Jo, Hoon-Ki Lee, Yong-Joo Kim, Sung-Ho Lee, Min-Seok Kim, and Jang-Young Choi. "A study on the shaft stability and prediction of electromagnetic and NVH characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous machine according to the different pole/slot combination." AIP Advances 13, no. 2 (February 1, 2023): 025121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/9.0000447.

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In this study, electromagnetic noise sources of permanent magnet synchronous motors with 8-pole 9-slot and 12-slot fractional slot concentrated windings were analyzed through finite element analysis, and the radiated noise/vibration levels were compared through structural-acoustic analysis. In addition, the stability of the rotational shaft generated vibration was analyzed. Electromagnetic noise sources are classified into cogging torque, torque ripple, and unbalanced magnetic force. The effect of electromagnetic noise sources on vibration/noise was analyzed in the frequency domain through the electromagnetic-mechanical coupling analysis. The noise level was compared to the electromagnetic noise source characteristics for each frequency using the waterfall diagram, and additional vibration due to mechanical resonance was analyzed using critical speed analysis while taking the rotor's bearing stiffness into account.

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Jalali, Pezhman, Samad Taghipour Boroujeni, and Javad Khoshtarash. "Expansion of the Feasible Slot/Pole Combinations in the Fractional Slot PM Machines by Applying Three-Slot Pitch Coils." IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 34, no. 2 (June 2019): 993–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tec.2018.2871889.

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Faggion, Adriano, Emanuele Fornasiero, Nicola Bianchi, and Silverio Bolognani. "Sensorless Capability of Fractional-Slot Surface-Mounted PM Motors." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 49, no. 3 (May 2013): 1325–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2013.2253436.

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Boglietti, Aldo, Marco Cossale, Silvio Vaschetto, and Thiago Dutra. "Thermal Conductivity Evaluation of Fractional-Slot Concentrated-Winding Machines." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 53, no. 3 (May 2017): 2059–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2017.2672518.

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Jedryczka, Cezary, Wojciech Szelag, and Zbigniew Jerry Piech. "Multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motors with fractional slot windings." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 35, no. 6 (November 7, 2016): 1937–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-03-2016-0120.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate advantages of multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) with fractional slot concentrated windings (FSCW). The investigation is based on comparative analysis and assessment of FSCW PMSM wound as 3, 6, 9 and 12 phase machines suited for low speed applications. Design/methodology/approach The investigations are focussed on distortions of back electromotive (emf) and magnetomotive force (mmf) with the torque ripples and motors’ performance taken into account. The finite element models with the aid of customized computer code have been adopted for motor winding design and back emf, mmf and motor performance analyses. Findings The novel multiphase winding layouts were found to offer lower content of sub-harmonics in the mmf waveforms compared with the traditional three-phase machine designs. Moreover, the investigated multiphase machines exhibited higher average value of the electromagnetic torque, while the multiphase PMSM machines with FSCW were further characterized by significantly lower torque pulsations. Originality/value The analyses presented in this paper demonstrate that PMSM with FSCW are advantageous to their counterpart three-phase machines. Specifically, they offer higher performance and are more suitable to work with multiple drives supplying segmented winding system. This ability of using multi-drive supply for one motor offers flexibility and cost reduction while increasing fault tolerant power train system.

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Bianchi, N., and S. Bolognani. "Fractional-slot PM motors for electric power steering systems." International Journal of Vehicle Autonomous Systems 2, no. 3/4 (2004): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvas.2004.006095.

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Wang, K., Z. Q. Zhu, Grzegorz Ombach, M. Koch, Sunny Zhang, and J. Xu. "Electromagnetic Performance of an 18-Slot/10-Pole Fractional-Slot Surface-Mounted Permanent-Magnet Machine." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 50, no. 6 (November 2014): 3685–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2014.2316362.

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Bianchi, N., and M. Dai Pre. "Use of the star of slots in designing fractional-slot single-layer synchronous motors." IEE Proceedings - Electric Power Applications 153, no. 3 (2006): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-epa:20050284.

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Muhammad, Surajo, Amor Smida, Mohamed Ibrahim Waly, Nazih Khaddaj Mallat, Amjad Iqbal, Sadeque Reza Khan, and Mohammad Alibakhshikenari. "Design of Wideband Circular-Slot Antenna for Harvesting RF Energy." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2022 (July 19, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5964753.

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The design of a wideband circular-slot antenna for RF signal harvesting is reported in this work. The proposed design frequency range accommodates the leading contributors to the available RF signals accessible by the RFEH node. These widely utilized frequency bands comprise GSM1800, UMTS2100, Wi-Fi2.450, and LTE2600. The antenna geometry comprises circular-ring radiating component filled with two orbital circular and rectangular slots. At the bottom plane, a pair of rectangular and semirectangular-circle slits are integrated. The antenna presented is designed on a double layer of 1.6 mm high FR-4 substrate. The source antenna achieved a simulated and measured impedance bandwidth (BW) of 1.510 and 1.590 GHz, amounting to 68% and 73% fractional BW (FBW), covering -10 dB reflection coefficient (|S11|) between 1.640 to 3.150 GHz and 1.550 to 3.140 GHz, in that order. The wideband circular-slot source antenna realized a maximum measured gain of 1.88, 2.13, 2.81, 3.22, and 4.32 dBi for 1.800, 2.100, 2.450, 2.650, and 3.20 GHz, respectively. The proposed design dimension on the printed board is 0.61 λ g × 0.70 λ g . The improved antenna gain is obtained from a circular parasitic patch coupled to the defected ground structure (DGS) for better RF energy harvesting in an ambient environment.

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Liu, Yue, Zi-Qiang Zhu, Chengwei Gan, Simon Brockway, and Chris Hilton. "Comparison of optimal slot/pole number combinations in fractional slot permanent magnet synchronous machines having similar slot and pole numbers." Journal of Engineering 2019, no. 17 (June 1, 2019): 4585–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/joe.2018.8202.

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Le Besnerais, Jean, Vincent Lanfranchi, Michel Hecquet, Pascal Brochet, and Guy Friedrich. "Acoustic noise of electromagnetic origin in a fractional‐slot induction machine." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 27, no. 5 (September 12, 2008): 1033–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321640810890753.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to apply a fast analytical model of the acoustic behaviour of pulse‐width modulation (PWM) controlled induction machines to a fractional‐slot winding machine, and to analytically clarify the interaction between space harmonics and time harmonics in audible electromagnetic noise spectrum.Design/methodology/approachA multilayer single‐phase equivalent circuit calculates the stator and rotor currents. Air‐gap radial flux density, which is supposed to be the only source of acoustic noise, is then computed with winding functions formalism. Mechanical and acoustic models are based on a 2D ring stator model. A method to analytically derive the orders and frequencies of most important vibration lines is detailed. The results are totally independent of the supply strategy and winding type of the machine. Some variable‐speed simulations and tests are run on a 700 W fractional‐slot induction machine in sinusoidal case as a first validation of theoretical results.FindingsThe influence of both winding space harmonics and PWM time harmonics on noise spectrum is exposed. Most dangerous orders and frequencies expressions are demonstrated in sinusoidal and PWM cases. For traditional integral windings, it is shown that vibration orders are necessarily even. When the stator slot number is not even, which is the case for fractional windings, some odd order deflections appear: the radial electromagnetic power can therefore dissipate as vibrations through all stator deformation modes, leading to a potentially lower noise level at resonance.Research limitations/implicationsThe analytical research does not consider saturation and eccentricity harmonics which can play a significant role in noise radiation.Practical implicationsThe analytical model and theoretical results presented help in designing low‐noise induction machines, and diagnosing noise or vibration problems.Originality/valueThe paper details a fully analytical acoustic and electromagnetic model of a PWM fed induction machine, and demonstrate the theoretical expression of main noise spectrum lines combining both time and space harmonics. For the first time, a direct comparison between simulated and experimental vibration spectra is made.

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Simoncini, Guendalina, Riccardo Rossi, Federico Alimenti, and Roberto Vincenti Gatti. "Single-Ridge Waveguide Compact and Wideband Hybrid Couplers for X/Ku-Band Applications." Electronics 11, no. 10 (May 11, 2022): 1538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11101538.

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Hybrid couplers are important devices that combine or divide signals in various microwave applications. Wideband performance, low losses and small size are key features in most modern radar and communication systems. This paper presents a new geometry for single-ridge, air-filled waveguide quadrature hybrid couplers at the X/Ku band on a single layer using multiple pairs of slots cut on a common ridge coupling section. Bandwidth can be progressively extended by increasing the number of slot pairs. Two designs characterized by compact size and state-of-the-art performance are proposed, leading to a fractional bandwidth up to 46.88% and a maximum dimension of 1.18 wavelengths. A tolerance analysis is presented to highlight the design robustness and reliability.

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Bi, Xiaokun, Shaohua Guo, Yujian Zhu, and Tao Yuan. "A Wideband Slotted Spherical Waveguide Antenna Based on Multi-Mode Concept." Electronics 9, no. 10 (October 12, 2020): 1656. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9101656.

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A wideband slotted spherical waveguide antenna based on the multi-mode concept is presented. The proposed design starts from a metallized spherical cavity fed by a rectangular waveguide. Then, two groups of slots are symmetrically cut on the shell. By suitably choosing the slot dimensions and locations, four radiation modes can be excited in a single radiator and merged with each other, resulting in a wideband radiation characteristic. To verify this, a prototype is designed and fabricated using stereolithography apparatus to achieve a light weight. As the measured fractional bandwidth (FBW) of the proposed antenna can be increased to 70.1% while maintaining stable radiation patterns and high gain, a simple and effective design of wideband slotted waveguide antennas with good radiation characteristics can be validated.

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