Journal articles: 'Foundation design'

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Mukhamejanova, Assel, Kalamkas Abdrakhmanova, Shamshygaiyn Toleubayeva, and Aigul Kozhas. "Foundation for waterlogged bases with conical void design." Technobius 3, no. 1 (February 19, 2023): 0031. http://dx.doi.org/10.54355/tbus/3.1.2023.0031.

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The article presents hollow foundations that play a multifunctional role: drainage to accelerate the process of consolidation of weak water-saturated cohesive foundation soils, drainage in case of obvious underflooding, anti-barrage in case of latent underflooding, as well as compensating for possible swelling or frost heaving of the clay soils. The adopted design solution makes it possible to transfer the load from the foundation to the soil foundation that includes loose cavity filling material through a more developed support area than a foundation with a flat footing. Unlike the solid foundation, the hollow foundation has a higher bearing capacity by 120 N more, and in the intervals of high loads (> 400 N) the settlement of the hollow foundation develops with an occasional lag from the settlement of the solid foundation. The use of hollow concrete foundations makes it possible to expand the area of application of prefabricated foundations, simplify their manufacture, increase their bearing capacity and ensure their strength and durability, while reducing the material intensity and cost of construction.

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Samorodov, O., O. Krotov, V. Mitinskiy, and I. Khrapatova. "A STRIP FOUNDATION WITH A LONGITUDINAL CUT-OUT IN THE BOTTOM OF A MASSIVE RETAINING WALL." Mechanics And Mathematical Methods 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2023): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31650/2618-0650-2023-5-1-33-43.

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The paper analyzes the designs of traditional strip foundations with a flat bottom, the load from which causes the plane strain stress state of the soil base, and other variations of conventionally strip (continuous) foundations, which due to their shape (configuration) of the contact area with the base change its stress state, which enables designing more sustainable foundations for continuous buildings and structures. Proceeding from the solutions to the mixed problem of the theory of elasticity and plasticity using the Mohr-Coulomb criterion strength criterion, analytical studies of the development of plastic zones in the base of a strip foundation with a longitudinal cut-out have been conducted, which show that the limit state always occurs first in the foundation’s edge zones, that is, underneath the outer edges of the foundation. It is also noted, however, that the design resistance of soil decreases when there is no additional load in the area of the cut-out; therefore, a patented design has been proposed of a strip foundation with a longitudinal cut-out in the bottom, where the cut-out with the height is filled with low-modulus material to improve the design resistance of soil. Based on experimental and theoretical studies, methods have been proposed for calculating the soil base (design resistance , settlement and inclination ) for a strip foundation of a massive retaining wall with a longitudinal cut-out in the bottom. A real example shows that the total width of the strip foundation with a cut-out is shorter by 1.5 m in comparison with the continuous shape of the bottom of the foundation, which has a significant economic effect on every linear meter of the wall foundation. Overall, the proposed methods make it possible to reasonably design effective eccentrically loaded foundations with cut-outs in the bottom and to improve the permissible vertical pressure on the base in comparison with a continuous bottom, all other things being equal. Keywords: strip foundation, massive retaining wall, eccentricity, bottom, cut-out, soil base, calculation procedure.

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Hassan, Osama A. B. "Effect of foundation designs of passive house on the thermal bridges at the ground." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 14, no. 3 (July 4, 2016): 602–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jedt-09-2014-0059.

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Purpose This paper aims to understand the effect of different foundation designs of passive house on the resultant thermal bridges, at the junction between a wall and a slab on grade. Design/methodology/approach The linear thermal transmittances of some newly developed foundations of passive house are determined. The investigated foundation designs are L-element, U-element and foundation with foam glass technique. Findings It is found that the special design of passive house foundation can considerably influence the heat flow through thermal bridges. In this context, it is proposed a new foundation design of passive house, which has relatively low heat loss through thermal bridges. The results are compared with the “default” ISO values used to evaluate the effect of thermal bridges in typical buildings. It is found that there is large difference between the calculated linear thermal transmittances at the investigated foundations of passive house as compared to typical buildings. Practical implications The results can hopefully be used to improve the energy efficiency of the passive house. Social implications Sustainable solution of buildings. Originality/value A new foundation design of passive house is suggested to reduce heat loss through thermal bridges.

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Deng, Geng Qing, and Rong Wang. "Foundation Design for Reciprocating Compressor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 190-191 (July 2012): 1282–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.190-191.1282.

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The problem of the foundation design of the reciprocation compressor with four cylinders is investigated. Some useful terms are retained, which include possible vibration modes, fatigue failures, environmental demands etc. The selection foundations are typical and commonly used in many industry plants. Cross references have been made to other parts of the paper at each design step in order to illustrate the utilization of previously derived formulae.

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Sugimura, Yoshihiro. "Japan's foundation design guide." Batiment International, Building Research and Practice 16, no. 2 (January 1988): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01823328808726876.

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Das, Braja M. "Tall building foundation design." International Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 14, no. 1 (October 12, 2017): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19386362.2017.1386433.

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Wu, Er Jun, and Wei Jiang. "Analysis on Contact Pressure Distribution and Design Model of Foundation Reinforcement." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 1402–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.1402.

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With an independent foundation reinforced applying section-enlarging plan as an example, the contact stress distributions between foundation and groundsill in 6 conditions were analyzed by finite element method and the pattern of stress distributions were discussed. Variable parameters include values of load on foundation and compression modulus ratio K of new and old foundation. The result showed the ratio of old foundation’s contact pressure to that of new foundation was about equal to the K. Based on the analysis results, consider the two times loading effect, the force diagrams of foundation strengthened were presented.

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Inzhutov, Ivan, Victor Zhadanov, Maxim Semenov, Sergei Amelchugov, Alexey Klimov, Peter Melnikov, and Nadezhda Klinduh. "A comparative analysis of foundation design solutions on permafrost soils." E3S Web of Conferences 110 (2019): 01019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911001019.

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The article analyzes design solutions of foundations on permafrost soils, their advantages and disadvantages. Innovative design solutions that increase the energy efficiency of buildings are proposed. Examples of innovative foundations of platform type are given. Spatial ventilated foundations are less sensitive to soil deformation. The construction of such a foundation can be made of various materials such as reinforced concrete, metal and timber. A spatial foundation platform based on timber is proposed as one of the innovative examples, which is a promising constructive solution of foundations for construction in the Arctic regions. Wood has a small coefficient of thermal conductivity, which significantly increases the energy efficiency of the structure as a whole. Due to prefabrication of timber structures, the speed of construction is increased. Platforms can have solutions in the form of: system of cross beams, structural plates, plate-rod structure, as well as in the form of shells and folds. Regardless of the design solution, the spatial foundation platform is prefabricated.

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Naghibi, Farzaneh, Gordon A. Fenton, and D. V. Griffiths. "Probabilistic considerations for the design of deep foundations against excessive differential settlement." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 53, no. 7 (July 2016): 1167–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2015-0194.

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Current foundation design practice for serviceability limit states involves proportioning the foundation to achieve an acceptably small probability that the foundation settlement exceeds some target maximum total settlement. However, it is usually differential settlement that leads to problems in the supported structure. The design question, then, is how should the target maximum total settlement of an individual foundation be selected so that differential settlement is not excessive? Evidently, if the target maximum total settlement is increased, the differential settlement between foundations will also tend to increase, so that there is a relationship between the two, although not necessarily a simple one. This paper investigates how the target maximum total settlement specified in the design of an individual foundation relates to the distribution of the differential settlement between two identical foundation elements, as a function of the ground statistics and the distance between the two foundations. A probabilistic theory is developed, and validated by simulation, which is used to prescribe target maximum settlements employed in the design process to avoid excessive differential settlements to some acceptable probability.

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10

Zhanabayeva, Assel, Nazerke Sagidullina, Jong Kim, Alfrendo Satyanaga, Deuckhang Lee, and Sung-Woo Moon. "Comparative Analysis of Kazakhstani and European Design Specifications: Raft Foundation, Pile Foundation, and Piled Raft Foundation." Applied Sciences 11, no. 7 (March 31, 2021): 3099. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11073099.

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The introduction of Eurocode in Kazakhstan allows for the application of modern technological innovations and the elimination of technical barriers for the realization of international projects. It is significant to study the international standards and design requirements provided in Eurocode. This study presents a comparative analysis of Kazakhstani and European approaches for the geotechnical design of foundations and provides the design methods in the considered codes of practice. Three different types of foundations (i.e., raft, pile, and piled raft foundations) were designed following SP RK 5.01-102-2013—Foundations of buildings and structures, SP RK 5.01-103-2013—Pile foundations, and Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design for the Nur-Sultan soil profile. For all three types of foundations, the calculated results of bearing resistance and elastic settlement showed the conservativeness of Eurocode over SNiP-based Kazakhstani building regulations, as the values of bearing resistance and elastic settlement adhering to Kazakhstani code exceeded the Eurocode values. The difference between the obtained results can be explained by the application of higher values of partial safety factors by Eurocode 7. Sensitivity analysis of the bearing resistance on foundation parameters (i.e., raft foundation width and pile length) for the Kazakhstani and European approaches was performed to support the conclusions of the study.

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11

Lo, K. Y., and B. H. Cooke. "Foundation design for the Skydome Stadium, Toronto." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 26, no. 1 (February 1, 1989): 22–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t89-003.

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The construction of the Skydome Stadium will provide Toronto with the first multipurpose stadium in the world with a retractable roof. The foundation for the structure, with a diameter of about 210 m and a height of about 86 m, will be supported by several hundred columns, about 100 of which will have loadings up to 50 000 kN. The foundation rock is a shale with numerous highly weathered zones and clay seams. Laboratory tests to investigate the strength and deformation properties of these weak layers were performed. Field plate loading tests at two locations with three different size plates were also carried out to study the size effect on the mass modulus of the rock. This paper presents the results of detailed geological mapping and field and laboratory tests together with design considerations for the foundations. The field acceptance criteria, developed to ensure that the differential settlements between foundations are within specified limits, are also discussed. Key words: Skydome, shale, clay seams, plate loading tests, rock-mass modulus, size effect, layered rocks.

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12

Jelušič, Primož, and Bojan Žlender. "Optimal Design of Reinforced Pad Foundation and Strip Foundation." International Journal of Geomechanics 18, no. 9 (September 2018): 04018105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gm.1943-5622.0001258.

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13

Alikonis, Antanas. "INFLUENCE OF CHANGE OF COMPACTED SAND STRUCTURE ON THE DESIGN STRENGTH OF SUBSOIL." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 4, no. 4 (December 31, 1998): 283–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13921525.1998.10531419.

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The values of deformation modulus and strength properties of subsoil increases during compaction. The increase depends on the content, grading of the soil, mechanical influence on the soil and other properties. The influenced space with changed soil properties may be formed by tamping the pits for the foundation. It is very important by using physical and mechanical properties of natural soil to forecast the density of compacted soil. For this purpose we have to determine the maximum density value of dry soil and calculate the void ratio of the compacted soil. Change of sand soil density is low. Thus its mean value is commonly used in engineering calculations. The tip resistance CPT of sand can be calculated according to correlation between tip resistance CPT and void ratio (7), (8). When tip resistance CPT is obtained, it is possible to calculate the bearing capacity of the compacted subsoil and to design the foundation. The assumption is made, that the design bearing capacity of foundation installed in the tampered pits is equal to the stresses in the subsoil when the settlement of the foundation is equal to 1…3% of the foundation diameter. According to the tests, the correlation between tip resistance CPT and the bearing capacity of subsoil was made. It should be pointed out that the design bearing capacity of the foundations in the tampered pits are different depending on the shape of foundation. Design bearing capacity of the pyramidal foundations according to the tests results: R sn = 0,04nq c . Design bearing capacity of the cylindrical foundations according to the tests results: R sn = 0,16nq c . It is obvious that bearing capacity of the cylindrical shape foundation installed in tampered pits of sandy soil is bigger than the pyramidal one. The reason is that the main part of the bearing capacity of pyramidal shape foundation is realised by the foundation side bearing capacity. The foundation side bearing capacity of the cylindrical shape foundation is smaller. Design bearing capacity of the foundation in tampered pits may be calculated according to the equations (15), (16), (18). The value of the bearing capacity of the sandy subsoil may be increased up to five times by tampering the pits.

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Ojha, Devesh, and Rajendra Kr Srivastava. "Structural Design of Raft Foundation - A Case Study of Lucknow Region in Uttar Pradesh, India." Journal of Mechanical and Construction Engineering (JMCE) 1, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.54060/jmce/001.02.003.

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In this age of rapid growth in population in India, there is a scarcity of land in prime locations, especially in metro cities of the country. To overcome this problem, we are moving towards vertical constriction. The main problem in moving towards vertical construction is the foundation system, if the foundation system in high-rise buildings is not planned and designed smartly and economically then there are different problems related to the foundation system that is going to arise, the soil in that area also plays a very important role in designing of the economical and stable foundation system. It is always beneficial to have a raft foundation on alluvial soil for high-rise buildings. But, however, it is a matter of great concern what foundation will be proposed on such types of natural soils or man-made refills. In this paper, an attempt has been made to design a raft foundation based on its geotechnical analysis. An extensive survey of research works devoted to studying the geotechnical parameters affecting the behavior of raft foundations is carried out with detailed experiments raft foundations are increasingly being recognized as an economical and effective foundation system for high-rise buildings. This paper sets out some principles of design for such foundations, including design for the geotechnical ultimate limit state, the structural ultimate limit state, and the serviceability limit state. Attention will be focused on the improvement in the foundation performance due to the raft being in contact with, and embedded within, the soil.

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Houlsby, G. T. "Interactions in offshore foundation design." Géotechnique 66, no. 10 (October 2016): 791–825. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jgeot.15.rl.001.

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TAKASE, Naoki, Masaki IKEGAME, Shiro TANAMURA, Akihiko NISHIMURA, and Masahiro KONDOU. "Seismic Design of Pile Foundation." Quarterly Report of RTRI 40, no. 3 (1999): 152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2219/rtriqr.40.152.

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17

Nicholls, Robert. "Backfill‐Stiffened Foundation Wall Design." Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 118, no. 11 (November 1992): 1822–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1992)118:11(1822).

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18

Villaggio, Piero. "How to design a foundation." International Journal of Solids and Structures 38, no. 48-49 (November 2001): 8899–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-7683(01)00063-4.

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19

Ames, W. F. "Parallel program design — A foundation." Mathematics and Computers in Simulation 31, no. 6 (February 1990): 600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4754(90)90085-w.

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20

Woodward, P. K. "Foundation design, principles and practices." Engineering Structures 19, no. 4 (April 1997): 332–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0141-0296(97)83358-5.

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Jesshope, Chris. "Parallel program design: a foundation." Microprocessors and Microsystems 13, no. 7 (September 1989): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-9331(89)90152-x.

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22

Pender, M. J. "Aseismic pile foundation design analysis." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 26, no. 1 (March 31, 1993): 49–160. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.26.1.49-160.

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Methods of assessing, for preliminary design purposes, the stiffness and capacity of pile foundations under seismic forces are presented. Although the main thrust of the paper is to aseismic design the methods are applicable to other forms of dynamic excitation of pile foundations. Emphasis is placed on expressions for pile stiffness and capacity in the form of simple formulae that can be incorporated into spreadsheet or similar types of software. The use of the equations is illustrated with a number of worked examples. Where possible the methods are justified by data from field testing of foundations at prototype scale.

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DESTEPHEN, R. A., and R. H. WARGO. "Foundation Design in Karst Terrain." Environmental & Engineering Geoscience xxix, no. 2 (June 1, 1992): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.xxix.2.165.

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24

Liu, Hong Bin. "Application of Rock Bolt Foundation in the Design of Metallurgical Industry Factory Building." Advanced Materials Research 168-170 (December 2010): 734–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.734.

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Metallurgical industry factory building is usually high. Under the action of wind load and horizontal crane force, large moment will be induced at the column base. That is to say, the moment acting on the foundation is large. The embedded depth is relatively deep and the size of factory building foundation is relatively big. In the case of foundations based on the natural rock, if the routine design code adopted, the high capacity of the rock can not be fully utilized. The use of bolt at the bottom surface of the foundation integrates the foundation and the natural rock, hence reduces the foundation size and embedded depth to save the investment.

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Magomedov, Marsel A. "Structural optimisation of shallow foundations for overhead power line." Journal «Izvestiya vuzov. Investitsiyi. Stroyitelstvo. Nedvizhimost»N 10, no. 2 (2020): 242–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/2227-2917-2020-2-242-249.

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The present work is aimed at studying the design of shallow foundations for overhead power line the towers under complex engineering and geological conditions. The study investigates existing designs and reveals their main shortcomings. In order to increase structural stability in complex soil conditions, the experience of constructing overhead power line towers using a shallow foundation is considered. The proposed shallow foundation option demonstrates increased strength and structural reliability. The shallow foundation design was carried out using the SCAD design software analysing the finite element model of static and dynamic loaded computation schemes, monitoring the structures for stability, checking metal systems for reliability and selecting disadvantageous combinations of forcing. The finite element method on which the software is based uses the movements and rotations of the structural nodes in the computation scheme as the main unknown variables. Two shallow foundation options are considered under equally complex soil conditions with the same loads, but a different arrangement of collar beams. Under complex engineering and geological conditions and the action of maximum loads, the calculation showed the greatest difference in the foundation settlement between the two options to increase by 2 times. The significance of the difficulties involved in increasing security of supply established by the development strategies of the electric power industry in Russia is presented. A design models for towers having shallow foundations, operated as beams of complex geometry, was selected. Experimental and analytical studies demonstrated the practical effectiveness of using the identified shallow foundation approach.

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Wu, Chong Fu, and Shu Hong Liu. "Interaction Analysis of the Superstructure and Raft Foundation for Tall Building with Podium." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 1720–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.1720.

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Based on the three-dimensional computation model, the actual project ,a high-rise building with podiums on the jointless raft foundation, is made nonlinear numerical analysis, which aims at studying the characters of superstructure-foudation-soil’s interaction, and analyzing the stress features in raft foundations under the former interaction , the distribution of stresses on foundation plate，and the range of stress dispersion about subgrade reaction. Through the factors, which can affect superstructure-foudation interaction, are analyzed , such as superstructure’s stiffness, foundation’s stiffness and soil’s stiffness. Then, the distribution rule of stress and deformation about superstructure-foudation interaction. Which can provide some calculation basis for this kind of foundation design.

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Song, Seung-Han, and Sean Seungwon Lee. "Finite Element Steady-State Vibration Analysis Considering Frequency-Dependent Soil-Pile Interaction." Applied Sciences 9, no. 24 (December 9, 2019): 5371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9245371.

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The vibration response of equipment foundation structures is not only affected by the structural stiffness and mass, but also greatly influenced by the degree of a soil-foundation structural interaction. Furthermore, the vibratory performance of equipment foundation structures supported by pile systems largely depends on the soil-pile dynamic stiffness and damping, which are variable in nature within the speed range that machines operate at. This paper reviews a method for evaluating effective soil-pile stiffness and damping that can be computed by Novak’s method or by commercial software (DYNA6, University of Western Ontario). A series of Finite Element (FE) time history and steady-state analyses using SAP2000 have been performed to examine the effects of dynamic soil-pile-foundation interaction on the vibration performance of equipment foundations, such as large compressor foundations and steam/gas turbine foundations. Frequency-dependent stiffness is estimated to be higher than frequency-independent stiffness, in general, and, thus, affects the vibration calculation. This paper provides a full-spectrum steady-state vibration solution, which increases the reliability of the foundation’s structural design.

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Li, Guanhua, Rui Liu, Xu Dai, Shengfu Wang, Desheng Du, and Liang Wang. "Design of prefabricated foundation for 66kV tower assembly and simulation of mechanical properties and grounding current density distribution." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2296, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2296/1/012023.

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Abstract Most of the existing transmission line tower foundations are cast-in-place foundations, and there are many obvious disadvantages of this operation method, such as its long construction period, poor generality, and inability to construct in winter. In this paper, we propose an assembly type prefabricated foundation for 66kV transmission line towers. And use SOLIDWORKS to simulate and analyze the mechanical properties of the foundation, analyze the current density distribution of the designed foundation with CDEGS simulation, and add reinforcement cage to optimize its current density distribution. The results show that the designed foundation meets the requirements of its working conditions.

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Shaldykova, Assel, Sung-Woo Moon, Jong Kim, Deuckhang Lee, Taeseo Ku, and Askar Zhussupbekov. "Comparative Analysis of Kazakhstani and European Approaches for the Design of Shallow Foundations." Applied Sciences 10, no. 8 (April 23, 2020): 2920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10082920.

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The design of shallow foundations is performed in accordance with different building regulations depending on geotechnical and geological conditions. This paper involves the design calculations applying Kazakhstani and European approaches. The design of shallow foundations in Nur-Sultan city in Kazakhstan was implemented by the calculation of bearing capacity and elastic settlement in accordance with the design procedures provided in SP RK 5.01-102-2013: Foundations of buildings and structures, and Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design. The calculated results of bearing capacity and elastic settlement for two types of shallow foundations, such as pad foundation and strip foundation, adhering to Kazakhstani and European approaches are relatively comparable. However, the European approach provided higher values of bearing capacity and elastic settlement for the designed shallow foundation compared to the Kazakhstani approach. The difference in the results is explained by the application of different values of partial factors of safety for the determination of bearing capacity and different methods for the calculation of the elastic settlement of shallow foundations (i.e., elasticity theory and layer summation method).

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Mei, Bi Xiang. "Study Finite Element Analysis of Monopile Foundation Based on Mechanical Mechanics and Properties of Steel Structure for Offshore Wind Turbines." Advanced Materials Research 743 (August 2013): 114–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.743.114.

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Statistical data shows that monopile foundation accounts for more than 65% of all foundations for offshore wind turbines,so it is of great engineering value to perform the research on the design and analysis of the monopile foundation. By its application environments and structure features,based on a design example of monopile foundation for a offshore wind farm,the paper performs the following sequence of works including the establishment of finite element model for monopile foundation, the calculation of foundation bearing capacity and deformation, modal analysis and fatigue analysis, etc.The paper gives the related design results, which is used for reference for designers.

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Ovchinnikova, Svetlana, Elena Schneider, and Alla Lyamina. "Design and technological methods for buildings and structures in bases and foundations." E3S Web of Conferences 371 (2023): 02048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202337102048.

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Buildings and structures are erected on the foundation of ground or arranged in the soil column, and the subsoil can also be used as a building material. Its stability, durability, reliability and appropriate operation are determined not only by the structural qualities of the structure, but also by the properties of the foundation soil itself and the conditions of interaction between the structure and the foundation. Insufficiently studied engineering and geological conditions at the construction site, poorly designed bases and foundations, failure to considerably increase the weight of the building during its reconstruction or technical re-equipment, when erecting new buildings near the existing buildings, often cause their unacceptable deformations which can cause damage and sometimes even complete destruction of the erected buildings. The improvement of design and technological solutions in the field of foundations and foundations will result in saving both labor and material resources, and will reduce the construction period. This paper studies the properties of unstable soils, various difficulties in the design and construction of buildings and structures in special soil conditions with unstable structural relationships, the analysis of a variety of methods to strengthen the foundation soils and ways to combat deformations of buildings and structures.

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Dyka, Ireneusz, and Krzysztof Klempka. "Influence of Pile Foundation Stiffness on Column Design in One-Story Reinforced Concrete Frames." Applied Sciences 13, no. 5 (February 24, 2023): 2915. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13052915.

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When designing reinforced slender columns for the lowest story of buildings, all factors that may affect the load-bearing capacity should be considered. One is the increase in the bending moment value caused by the rotation of the supporting foundation. The geotechnical parameters of subsoil stiffness and the method of calculating foundation displacements are the main influences. This problem applies to both shallow foundations and pile foundations. The article presents this issue in relation to pile foundations in multilayered subsoils and also the method and examples of second-order calculations that take into account the influence of pile support and columns’ nominal stiffness. The results showed that taking into account the stiffness of the pile foundation has an impact on the increase in bending moments in the columns, and this cannot be ignored in the design. The presented method allows for a precise, safe and optimal design of concrete columns supported by foundations on multilayered subsoils.

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33

Pender, M. J. "Earthquake resistant design of foundations." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 29, no. 3 (September 30, 1996): 155–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.29.3.155-171.

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This paper reviews the main issues to be addressed in the design of shallow and deep foundations which may be subject to earthquake loading. Information is presented on the soil properties required as well as the various design analysis techniques with a view to assessing the current state-of-the-art and highlighting areas in which further techniques need to be developed. The paper sets out, by way of an overview, a sequence of steps that a designer may follow in developing a foundation system. It is concluded that, at present, the greatest deficiencies lie in the areas of most potential use to designers. A secondary aim of the paper is to enhance communication between geotechnical and structural engineers on aseismic foundation design.

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Matečková, Pavlina, Martina Smirakova, Jan Kubosek, and Radim Čajka. "Design of Bitumen Asphalt Belt Sliding Joint Based on Experiment Results." Key Engineering Materials 738 (June 2017): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.738.185.

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Foundation structures are usually exposed to dominant vertical load. However, in some cases there is also significant value of horizontal load caused e.g. by horizontal terrain deformation on areas attached with underground mining or by horizontal deformation of foundation structure due to pre-stressing, creep, shrinkage, and temperature variation. Through the friction between subsoil and foundations, the foundation structure must resist significant normal forces. The idea of sliding joints between subsoil and foundation structure, which eliminates the friction in footing bottom, comes from the 1970’s. The bitumen asphalt belt given rheological properties has been proven as an effective material for sliding joints. In the paper there are test results of shear resistance of currently used asphalt belts. The test results are used for subsoil shear stress analysis in model example of strip foundation. Shear resistance is calculated according to Czech code for designing buildings on undermined area and also using advanced FEM analysis.

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Bartz, James R., and James A. Blatz. "Comparison of Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code and AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications regarding pile design subject to negative skin friction." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 57, no. 7 (July 2020): 1092–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2019-0247.

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Negative skin friction acting on piles has long been included in the design of bridge foundations subject to ground settlement. However, currently there are inconsistencies in how negative skin friction and drag force are incorporated into the calculation of the geotechnical ultimate limit state (ULS), partly due to differences in the design codes. The latest editions of the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code and AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications are compared with the analysis of a hypothetical steel H-pile, driven through a settling clay layer into a dense, nonsettling layer. The results show that foundation designs can be significantly more conservative and costly when adhering to the AASHTO code because this code includes the drag force in the geotechnical ULS. It is concluded that adhering to the CHBDC can result in a reduced foundation system by considering the actual force distribution in the pile.

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Rosenbaugh, Scott K., Jennifer D. Schmidt, and Ronald K. Faller. "Development of Socketed Foundatio for Cable Guardrail Posts." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2521, no. 1 (January 2015): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2521-14.

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This study developed socketed foundations for two cable guardrail posts, the S3×5.7 and the Midwest weak post (MWP). The design efforts focused on developing cylindrical, reinforced concrete foundations with a steel tube embedded in the top center to create a socket. Foundations were designed to minimize damage and limit foundation displacements to less than 1 in. Satisfying these criteria ensured that damaged barrier posts could be replaced without the need for repairing or resetting the foundation. The foundations were evaluated for three soil types (weak soil, strong soil, and an asphalt mow strip) to gain an understanding of the link between soil conditions and foundation performance. Fourteen dynamic component tests were conducted on socketed foundation designs. Three socketed foundation options were developed for use with S3×5.7 posts: a 12-in.-diameter foundation in soil, a 15-in.-diameter foundation in soil, and a 12-in.-diameter foundation in asphalt. The S3×5.7 post foundations in soil with 12-in.-diameter sockets were found to be susceptible to concrete shear cracking and fracture, but they remain an option for those who can accept the risks of minor damage during severe impacts. The 15-in.-diameter foundations and those placed in asphalt had no indication of damage. Further, the reduced strength of MWPs resulted in no visible damage to 12-in.-diameter foundations. Guidelines based on site soil conditions and frost line depth were developed for the embedment depth of each foundation–post combination required for resistance to excessive displacements.

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Poulos, Harry G. "The de Mello Foundation Engineering Legacy." Soils and Rocks 34, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 3–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.28927/sr.341003.

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This paper reviews the contributions of the late Victor de Mello to foundation engineering and attempts to highlight the insights that he provided in a number of key areas, including foundation design principles, the bearing capacity of shallow foundations, the axial load capacity of deep foundations, and the behaviour of foundations incorporating settlement reducing piles. In each case, de Mello challenged some of the existing concepts and as a consequence, subsequent research has clarified the profession’s understanding and has led to the development and implementation of improved methods of design. Some examples of developments in the above areas, and their application to practice, are described.

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Dems, K., and R. H. Plaut. "Design of beams, plates and their elastic foundations for uniform foundation pressure." Structural Optimization 2, no. 4 (December 1990): 213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01748226.

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Roberts, Lance A., and Anil Misra. "Reliability-based design of deep foundations based on differential settlement criterion." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 46, no. 2 (February 2009): 168–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t08-117.

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Load–displacement analysis of a single deep foundation element can be accomplished by utilizing a soil–structure interaction model, such as the “t–z” model. By combining the soil–structure interaction model with a probabilistic analysis technique, such as Monte Carlo simulation, methods to rationally incorporate variability in the model parameters can be developed. As a result, the service limit state load capacity of a single deep foundation element can be computed for an allowable total head displacement. However, in design, differential settlement between individual foundation elements is often the event of interest. This paper develops a reliability-based design methodology for deep foundations based on a differential settlement design criterion. The design methodology is developed for various levels of uncertainty in the model parameters. The results are presented in the form of cumulative distribution functions that, combined with the calculated service limit state load capacity, form the basis for serviceability design of deep foundations based on a differential settlement criterion.

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Moon. "Design of Mat Foundation by Simplified Flexible Method Using Regression Analysis." Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers 35, no. 1 (2015): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.12652/ksce.2015.35.1.0153.

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Matvienko, J. O., V. P. Dyba, and M. P. Matvienko. "FORMULA OF THE DESIGN RESISTANCE OF SOIL FOR PLATE FOUNDATIONS." Construction and Geotechnics 12, no. 3 (December 15, 2021): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/2224-9826/2021.3.04.

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This article presents a study of the design soil resistance for slab foundations, on the basis of which it is concluded that its value is overestimated when calculating by the normative method. A new formula for the design soil resistance for slab foundations is derived, which is based on the limitation of zones of plastic deformation, depending on the depth of the foundation. The new formula is derived according to the methodology similar to the normative formula with the difference in replacing the band load solution with the semi-infinite load solution. The advantage of the new formula is that the obtained value of the design resistance of the foundation cannot exceed the ultimate pressure calculated according to the generalized Prandtl formula. A possible variant of delimiting the areas of application of the normative and new formulas for the design soil resistance, as well as the problem of determining the depth of penetration of plastic zones into the soil base with an increase in the depth of the foundation, is described.

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Asim Hamza, Ruba, and Amged Osman Abdelatif. "Foundations, Design, and Dynamic Performance of Wind Turbines: Overview and Challenges in Sudan." FES Journal of Engineering Sciences 9, no. 1 (February 22, 2021): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.52981/fjes.v9i1.665.

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Sudan is one of the developing countries that suffers from a lack of electricity, where the national electrification rate is estimated at 38.5%. In order to solve this problem, it is possible to use renewable energy sources such as wind energy. Beside many aspects to be considered at the design of wind turbine foundations, more attention should be given to the geotechnical part. There are many types of foundations for wind turbines. The foundation must satisfy two design criteria: 1) It should be safe against bearing failure in soils under design loads and settlements during the life of the structure must not cause structural damage; 2) In addition to static loads, wind turbine foundations loads are extremely eccentrically and the loading is usually highly dynamic. Therefore, the selection of foundation type should consider these two criteria taking into account the nature and magnitude of these loads. This paper presents a review of different types of wind turbine foundations of focusing on on-shore wind turbine foundation types and the dynamic response of wind turbine. The paper also demonstrate experimentally the dynamic response of the wind turbines using wind tunnel facility test on a scaled model.

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Schneider, James A., and Marc Senders. "Foundation Design: A Comparison of Oil and Gas Platforms with Offshore Wind Turbines." Marine Technology Society Journal 44, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 32–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.44.1.5.

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AbstractThe offshore oil and gas (O&G) industry has over 70 years of experience developing innovative structures and foundation concepts for engineering in the marine environment. The evolution of these structures has strongly been influenced by water depth as well as soil conditions in the area of initial developments. As the offshore wind industry expands from the glacial soil deposits of the North and Baltic Seas, experience from the O&G industry can be used to aid a smooth transition to new areas. This paper presents an introduction to issues that influence how design and construction experience from the O&G industry can be used to aid foundation design for offshore wind energy converters. A history of the evolution of foundation and substructure concepts in the Gulf of Mexico and North Sea is presented, followed by a discussion of soil behavior and the influence of regional geology on these developments. Mechanisms that influence the resistance of shallow and deep foundations for fixed and floating offshore structures are outlined so that areas of empiricism within offshore design codes can be identified and properly modified for application to offshore wind turbine foundations. It is concluded that there are distinct differences between offshore O&G and offshore wind turbine foundations, and application of continued research into foundation behavior is necessary for rational, reliable, and cost-effective design.

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Al-Wakel, Saad, and Ahmed Abdulrasool. "Effect of soil stabilized by cement on dynamic response of machine foundations." MATEC Web of Conferences 162 (2018): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816201001.

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Machine foundations require significant attention from designers. The main goal of the design of machine foundation is to limit the amplitude displacement and not disturb the people who work near the machine. In some cases, if the design of machine foundations does not satisfy the acceptable value of the dynamic response (such as maximum amplitude of displacement), the stabilization of soil under the machine foundation may be used to decrease the amplitude of displacement. This paper outlines effect of stabilized soil under the foundation by cement on the displacement response of machine foundations. Three-dimensional analyses by using finite element method are carried out to investigate the effect of depth of stabilized layer with different percentage of cement content on the dynamic response of the machine foundation. In addition, the effect of area stabilized by cement material on the dynamic response of machine foundation is investigated. The results shown that, the dynamic response of machine foundations generally decreases with increasing the depth of soil layer stabilized with cement. A significant decrease in the displacement of machine foundations is occurred for the stabilized soil layer with a depth of two times of the width of foundation, and the optimum percentage of cement for stabilizing is 6%.

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SHCHEMELIEV, A. V., and О. М. NAZARENKO. "CALCULATION OF A MONOLITHIC COLUMN FOUNDATION FOR A REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMN OF A MULTI-STOREY BUILDING IN LVIV." Physical Metallurgy and Heat Treatment of Metals, no. 3 (September 28, 2021): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.30838/j.pmhtm.2413.010721.73.784.

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Problem statement. In modern construction of residential and commercial buildings, bridges and other structures, columns are often the main load-bearing elements. Different in the way they are manufactured and in their characteristics, these building elements serve as the basis of the framework on which all other building structures are placed. However, in order to have a strong, durable and, most importantly, correct construction of the whole structure, the columns should be installed with minimum deviations from the design values. This is why a great deal of attention is paid to the foundations in the design and implementation of the project. The purpose of the article is to develop a calculation of a monolithic column foundation for a reinforced concrete column of a multi-storey building in Lviv based on theoretical research. The design is based on theoretical studies and is based on the design of a monolithic column foundation for a multi-storey building in Lvov, taking into account the dimensions of the foundation, the soil characteristics, the self-weight of the foundation and the longitudinal reinforcement coefficient. Analysis of publications. Studying not only foreign, but also domestic current theoretical developments and practical experience will allow the objective to be achieved. There are examples among European countries that largely meet the current requirements. Results of the study. The most common soils in Lviv are chernozem, eluvial and peat-bog soils. The climate in Lviv is moderately continental with mild winters and warm summers. With these data, the dimensions of the monolithic columnar foundation for a multi-storey building are calculated and its reinforcement is determined. The strength of the monolithic columnar foundation for the reinforced concrete column of the multi-storey building is tested for the punching strength. Based on the results of the calculations, it is determined that the foundation is sufficiently strong under the column.Conclusions. In this article, the characteristics of soils and climatic conditions of the construction area in the city of Lviv were investigated. The dimensions of the foundation's underside, all dimensions of the foundation and the pressure on the ground under the underside from the design load were calculated. The reinforcement area of the foundation footing was selected and the strength of the foundation was tested for push-through.

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Leake, Mackenzie, Gilbert Bernstein, Abe Davis, and Maneesh Agrawala. "A mathematical foundation for foundation paper pieceable quilts." ACM Transactions on Graphics 40, no. 4 (August 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3476576.3476616.

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Leake, Mackenzie, Gilbert Bernstein, Abe Davis, and Maneesh Agrawala. "A mathematical foundation for foundation paper pieceable quilts." ACM Transactions on Graphics 40, no. 4 (August 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3450626.3459853.

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Mozgovuy, Andriy, and Anatolii Butenko. "THE EFFECTIVE STRUCTURES OF REINFORCED CONCRETE FOUNDATION OF SYLOSES AT GRAIN TRANSFER TERMINALS." Collected scientific works of Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport, no. 199 (June 10, 2022): 54–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18664/1994-7852.199.2022.258797.

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To date sea, river and railroad terminals with metallic vertical cylindrical silos as technological equipment are used to transfer cereal and oil crops. Designs of reinforced concrete buried foundations with underground galleries and foundations with overground under-silo storey that are arranged for cylindrical metallic silos of high capacity have been investigated. The main criterion that requires strict observance is not to exceed the allowable value of settlement of metallic silos. Also, because the construction of silo is sensitive to nonuniformity of deformations, the criterion of uniformity of settlements within the boundaries of foundation shall be observed. Analysis of factors of silo accidents has shown that their considerable number occur as the result of destruction of metallic construction of silos by nonuniform operational loads caused by asymmetric actions during emptying silo. Nonuniform above-the-norm deformations of foundations also quite frequently cause silo accidents. Foundations of metallic silos of transfer terminals cause considerable loads on the base. Natural soil base is not always capable of taking stress under the foot of foundation. This is being solved by strengthening foundation bases: by making soil cushion, reinforcing the base with the more strong and rigid elements, injecting mineral or polymeric binders. Pile foundations are quite common during building silos. But their use is not always economically reasonable and justified in particular geological conditions of the building site. Rigidity parameters of the base essentially influence stressed-deformed state of foundations of metallic silos of increased diameters and distribution of contact stresses under the foot of foundations. Deformation parameters of the base and the construction of foundation create the possibility to regulate settlements and deflections of foundation. This makes it possible to control distribution of contact stresses. The value and character of settlement of round slab foundation of silo depend on the values of operating loads, dimensions and depth of foundation laying, distributional properties of its design, geological conditions of the base, influence of loads from the neighboring structures. Application of numerical methods of simulation of combined operation of base-foundation-structure to assess stressed-deformed state of silo foundations proves that prospective trend of improvement of design solutions of silo foundations is application of their prestressing. This causes increase in foundation rigidity and positively influences its stressed-deformed state.

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Zou, Sheng Feng, Jing Yu Zhang, Shi Ji Wang, Yi Han, and Chuan Wang. "Further Debate about Visual Design Methods for Pile Foundation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 477-478 (December 2013): 499–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.477-478.499.

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The computing of end-bearing capacity of pile has vital significances for foundation design while the foundations analysis is usually problematic due to those diverse soils and engineering conditions. Though various CPT-based methods which have already been applied in numerous huge engineering practices are available for the analysis of pile foundation bearing capacity home and abroad, there still seemed lacking legitimate guidance assisting to select these formulations quite effectively. In this paper, five CPT-based design methods are compared in deep, the realization through computer program is also presented, with the capacity data accumulated from pile engineering coming into mind, we are on the way to making designers choose better methods during the designing process.

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Qiliang, Sun, and Lin Shaopei. "Foundation design of a gravity platform on an extremely weak foundation." Marine Geotechnology 9, no. 1 (January 1990): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10641199009388229.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Foundation design'

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