Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fossil Trilobites

Academic literature on the topic 'Fossil Trilobites'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 25 July 2024
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Fossil Trilobites"

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Babcock, Loren E. "Trilobite malformations and the fossil record of behavioral asymmetry." Journal of Paleontology 67, no. 2 (March 1993): 217–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000032145.

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Malformations of trilobites are classified as healed injuries, teratological conditions, and pathological conditions. An improved method of recognizing such malformations combines information about the conditions under which cell injury can occur, the processes by which animal tissues react to injury, and trilobite morphology.Study of healed injuries of polymeroid trilobites shows that injuries attributed to sublethal predation tend to be most commonly preserved on the pleural lobes, the posterior half of the body, and the right side. Statistically significant differences in the number of predation scars between the right and left sides is interpreted as evidence of right-left behavioral asymmetry in some predators of trilobites or the trilobites themselves. Asymmetrical, or lateralized, behavior in present-day animals is one manifestation of handedness, and is usually related to a functional lateralization of the nervous system. Evidence of behavioral lateralization in some Paleozoic predators or prey suggests that those organisms also possessed lateralized nervous systems. Right-left differences in preserved predation scars on trilobites date from the Early Cambrian (Olenellus Zone), and are the oldest known evidence of behavioral asymmetry in the fossil record.Other examples of structural or behavioral asymmetry from the fossil record of animals are cited. Lateralization is recognized in representatives of the Arthropoda, Annelida, Bryozoa, Echinodermata, Cnidaria, Mollusca, Chordata, and Conodonta, and in trace fossils.
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Servais, Thomas, Alain Blieck, Martial Caridroit, Xu Chen, Florentin Paris, and M. Franco Tortello. "The importance of plankton and nekton distributions in Ordovician palaeogeographical reconstructions." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 176, no. 6 (November 1, 2005): 531–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/176.6.531.

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Abstract Trilobites and brachiopods are the two main fossil groups that allowed construction of the first palaeogeographical maps for the early Palaeozoic. Together with the bivalves and ostracodes, the benthic elements of these fossil groups have proved to be of great palaeobiogeographical importance. For this reason, these groups are usually considered to be ‘better’ fossils for inferring Ordovician palaeogeography. The present study indicates that planktic and nektic fossil groups should not be neglected in such palaeobiogeographical studies. The plotting on a palaeogeographical reconstruction for the Arenig (Lower Ordovician, – 480 Ma) of some planktic (acritarchs, chitinozoans) and nektic (vertebrates, pelagic trilobites) fossil groups indicates that their distribution appears in part surprisingly similar to that of the benthic trilobite faunas that are considered to display the greatest provincialism. For example, the distribution of the ‘peri-Gondwanan’ acritarch province including Arbusculidium filamentosum, Coryphidium and Striatotheca, and the distribution of the Eremochitina brevis chitinozoan assemblage are almost identical to the palaeogeographical distribution of the Calymenacean-Dalmanitacean trilobite fauna. A review of the different planktic and nektic fossil groups also indicates that it is very important to carefully select ‘good’ palaeogeographical indicators, in most cases from a large number of taxa. It appears that almost all fossil groups include some ‘good’ palaeobiogeographical ‘markers’. Therefore it is important to search for ‘better’ taxa within each fossil group, instead of looking only for the ‘better’ fossil groups as a whole.
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ZENG, HAN, FANGCHEN ZHAO, ZONGJUN YIN, and MAOYAN ZHU. "Appendages of an early Cambrian metadoxidid trilobite from Yunnan, SW China support mandibulate affinities of trilobites and artiopods." Geological Magazine 154, no. 6 (April 5, 2017): 1306–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756817000279.

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AbstractAppendage anatomy contributes crucial data for understanding the evolution and ecology of Euarthropoda. The Palaeozoic trilobites show a great diversity of exoskeletons in the fossil record. However, soft parts, especially appendages, have only been discovered from a few trilobite species. Here we report extraordinarily preserved appendages in the trilobite species Hongshiyanaspis yiliangensis Zhang & Lin in Zhang et al. 1980 (Redlichiida, Metadoxididae) from a single mudstone layer of the Xiazhuang fossil assemblage within the Hongjingshao Formation (Cambrian Series 2, Stage 3) near Kunming, Yunnan, SW China. The appendages exhibit the common architecture revealed by other trilobites and artiopods by consisting of a pair of uniramous antennae followed by a series of paired homonomous biramous limbs. The antennae in holaspid individuals comprise up to 27 spinous podomeres and their ontogeny occurs by lengthening of the podomeres. The post-antennal biramous limbs are similar to those in other polymerid trilobites and artiopods by having a single-segmented protopodite and an endopodite comprising seven segments, but possess a unique wide tripartite exopodite with long setae. Sophisticated appendage anatomy, including the body–limb junction, fine setae, putative muscle bundles and duct-type tissues, are also revealed. Appendages of trilobites, artiopods and other upper stem-group euarthropods are compared and summarized. The H. yiliangensis appendages highlight the high morphological disparity of exopodites and the conservativeness of endopodites in trilobites and artiopods. This morphological pattern, together with similar body patterning seen in crustaceans but not in chelicerates, supports the mandibulate affinities of trilobites and at least some artiopods.
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Stilwell, Jeffrey D. "Trilobites and Linnaeus: the first fossil reconstruction from 1759." Archives of Natural History 33, no. 1 (April 2006): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2006.33.1.101.

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A paper by renowned eighteenth century Swedish naturalist, Carl Linnaeus, published in 1759, contained the first fossil reconstruction of what was later called a trilobite and was an early milestone in invertebrate palaeontology. The earliest work devoted solely to Palaeozoic trilobites (Arthropoda), Linnaeus' “Petrificatet Entomolithus paradoxus …” delved, in great detail, into the classification of this genus intermedium between known marine crustaceans. Linnaeus depicted on two folding, copper-engraved plates the fossil animal (comprising the cephalon, thorax and pygidium with pleural spines and furrows) from the best-preserved material in limestone thus far recovered, including an erroneous interpretation of antennae in relation to this Swedish material – however, confirmed in the latter part of the nineteenth century with well-preserved Silurian trilobites.
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Valentine, James W. "Molecules and the Early Fossil Record." Paleobiology 16, no. 1 (1990): 94–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300009751.

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The earliest fossil record of animals has long been an enigma. For nearly a century after the appearance of The Origin of Species, mineralized trilobites were thought to be among the first organisms to appear as fossils, and as they were considered to be complex life forms, a long previous episode of animal evolution seemed to be indicated. Discovery and description of Tommotian and Vendian faunas, with their small shelly and Ediacaran fossils respectively, provided us with an idea of the nature of organisms in strata that are progressively older than the trilobite-bearing beds. Yet in these older assemblages we do not find the sorts of organisms that might be expected to be precursors to the well-known Phanerozoic clades. The puzzle remains.
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Gunderson, Gerald O. "New genus of Late Cambrian gastropod." Journal of Paleontology 67, no. 6 (November 1993): 1083–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000025440.

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Gastropods are rare fossils in the Cambrian of Wisconsin. They are usually small and flattened. During the summer of 1978, while collecting trilobites along the western side of the state, I discovered a new gastropod in the Crepicephalus zone (as defined by Twenhofel, Raasch, and Thwaites, 1935; Nelson, 1951). It is a three-dimensional fossil represented by external mold and steinkern. This was the only gastropod uncovered during the splitting of over 200 kilograms of sandstone, which also yielded hundreds of trilobite cranidia and pygidia.
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Kim, Dong Hee, Stephen R. Westrop, and Ed Landing. "Middle Cambrian (Acadian Series) conocoryphid and paradoxidid trilobites from the Upper Chamberlain's Brook Formation, Newfoundland and New Brunswick." Journal of Paleontology 76, no. 5 (September 2002): 822–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000037501.

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The Fossil Brook Member of the upper Chamberlain's Brook Formation is a thin (up to 14 m) but distinctive, unconformity-bound depositional sequence recognizable from Rhode Island to eastern Newfoundland in Avalonian North America. Its diverse trilobite fauna was first described more than century ago from the limestone-rich facies of the member in southern New Brunswick. However, the systematics, stratigraphic context, and biostratigraphic significance of these trilobites have remained poorly known. A revision of the conocoryphid and paradoxidid trilobites has been completed, and the taxa set into their stratigraphic context within the middle Middle Cambrian. The faunas of the Fossil Brook are assigned to the Eccaparadoxides eteminicus Zone of Avalon. Although biogeographic barriers between Avalon and Gondwana remained strong in the Middle Cambrian and few shared trilobite species are present, a generalized correlation of the E. eteminicus Zone into Gondwana is with the Badulesia tenera Zone of the Toushamian Stage in Morocco and the Badulesia Zone of the Caesaraugustian Stage in Spain.
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Fortey, Richard A., and Nigel C. Hughes. "Brood pouches in trilobites." Journal of Paleontology 72, no. 4 (July 1998): 638–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000040361.

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During the Cambrian and Ordovician trilobites belonging to a variety of clades developed distinctive inflated bulbs on the preglabellar field. We make the case that these bulbs were brood pouches, which were employed for retaining and protecting larval trilobites in order to ensure a higher rate of survivorship. Living arthropods of several classes develop comparable spherical structures—for example the domicilium of certain ostracodes. Living limuloids, likely the trilobites' closest living relatives, carry large and yolky eggs in an homologous, prelabral site. There are some trilobite examples where “species pairs” found in the same fossil sites appear to differ only in the presence or absence of the preglabellar bulb. These may represent the female and male of a single species, respectively. If so, this is the first well-supported case of sexual dimorphism in trilobites. Some more problematic examples are discussed, where alleged dimorphism would have to be more extreme.
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Ortega-Hernández, Javier, Jorge Esteve, and Nicholas J. Butterfield. "Humble origins for a successful strategy: complete enrolment in early Cambrian olenellid trilobites." Biology Letters 9, no. 5 (October 23, 2013): 20130679. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2013.0679.

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Trilobites are typified by the behavioural and morphological ability to enrol their bodies, most probably as a defence mechanism against adverse environmental conditions or predators. Although most trilobites could enrol at least partially, there is uncertainty about whether olenellids—among the most phylogenetically and stratigraphically basal representatives—could perform this behaviour because of their poorly caudalized trunk and scarcity of coaptative devices. Here, we report complete—but not encapsulating—enrolment for the olenellid genus Mummaspis from the early Cambrian Mural Formation in Alberta, the earliest direct evidence of this strategy in the fossil record of polymerid trilobites. Complete enrolment in olenellids was achieved through a combination of ancestral morphological features, and thus provides new information on the character polarity associated with this key trilobite adaptation.
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Chen, Zhengpeng, Yuanlong Zhao, Xinglian Yang, Jorge Esteve, Xiong Liu, and Shengguang Chen. "Life cycle evolution in the trilobites Balangia and Duyunaspis from the Cambrian Series 2 (Stage 4) of South China." PeerJ 11 (April 10, 2023): e15068. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15068.

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The evolution process can be reconstructed by tracking the changes in the dynamic characters of life cycles. A number of related trilobites from the Cambrian of South China provide additional information for the study of trilobite evolutionary patterns, which has been hampered by previous incomplete fossil record though. Here, Balangia and Duyunaspis represent related Cambrian oryctocephalid trilobites from South China, are comprehensively discussed over the ontogeny, and the results show that, from B. balangensis via D. duyunensis to D. jianheensis, their exoskeletal morphology shows a directional evolution. Based on the direction of evolutionary changes in the development of Balangia and Duyunaspis, we speculate that Duyunaspis likely evolved from Balangia instead of Balangia evolved from Duyunaspis, as was previously assumed. This inference is also supported by the phylogenetic tree. This research provides not only a better understanding of the mechanisms of evolution in trilobites, but also new insights for the relationship between developmental evolutionary changes and phylogeny in trilobites.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fossil Trilobites"

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Skovsted, Christian B. "The Early Cambrian Fauna of North-East Greenland." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Earth Sciences, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3910.

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Small shelly fossils are common in sediments of Early Cambrian age and include the earliest common representatives of metazoan animals with mineralized hard parts. The group includes fossils of very different morphology, composition and ultrastructure. They seem to represent skeletal remains of numerous animal groups, the biological affinities of which are largely unresolved. However, the wide geographic range of many forms has the potential to enhance biostratigraphic and palaeogeographic resolution in the Early Cambrian.

The late Early Cambrian sequence of North-East Greenland has yielded an assemblage of more than 88 species of small shelly fossils, brachiopods and trilobites, indicative of a middle Dyeran age (Botoman equivalent). The recovered fossils include a number of species that are known from other Early Cambrian palaeocontinents, and particularly strong ties to late Early Cambrian faunas of Australia are documented. The many cosmopolitan taxa thus identified suggests a close juxtaposition of palaeocontinents at this time.

The systematic affinity of many of these small shelly fossils is poorly understood, partly because of their fragmentary nature and poor preservation. However, new data from North-East Greenland improves our understanding of the function and biological affinity of certain taxa. Collections of the problematic fossil Mongolitubulus from North and North-East Greenland exhibit characters indicative of a defensive function as spines of bivalved arthropods, while species of the problematic genus Triplicatella represent the opercula of an unknown tubular shell, probably related to orthothecid hyoliths. The bivalved fossil Mickwitzia from North-East Greenland combines characters of linguliform brachiopods and sclerites of Micrina, a non-bivalved problematic form (halkieriid) from Australia. The combination suggests that Mickwitzia is a stem group brachiopod and strengthens arguments for a halkieriid ancestry of the brachiopod phylum.

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Dunlavey, Tammy. "Image interpretation is important to paleontology? Case studies in data acquisition, fidelity, and retrodeformation using bilaterally symmetric graptolite (Isograptus and Pseudisograptus) and trilobite (Triarthrus beckii and eatonii) fossils /." 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1492599341&sid=7&Fmt=2&clientId=39334&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (M.S.)--State University of New York at Buffalo, 2008.
Title from PDF title page (viewed on Aug. 21, 2008) Available through UMI ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Thesis adviser: Mitchell, Charles E. Includes bibliographical references.
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Books on the topic "Fossil Trilobites"

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Shrake, Douglas L. Isotelus: Ohio's state fossil. [Columbus]: Ohio Dept. of Natural Resources, Division of Geological Survey, 1995.

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Chang, Wen-tʻang. Cambrian trilobites of North China: Chinese Cambrian trilobites housed in the Smithsonian Institution. Beijing, China: Science Press, 1987.

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Adrain, Jonathan M. Silurian encrinurine trilobites from the central Canadian Arctic. Calgary, Alberta: Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists, 1997.

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Alexandre, Brongniart. Histoire naturelle des crustacés fossiles: Sous les rapports zoologiques et géologiques. Oxford, England: Oxford Microform Publications, 1985.

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Angelin, N. P. Palaeontologia Svecica. Oxford, England: Oxford Microform Publications, 1985.

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Rudolph, Frank. Die Trilobiten der mittelkambrischen Geschiebe: Systematik, Morphologie, und Ökologie. Wankendorf: F. Rudolph, 1994.

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Stein, Martin. A new Cambrian arthropod, Emeraldella brutoni, from Utah. Lawrence, Kans: Paleontological Institute, The University of Kansas, 2011.

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Chatterton, B. D. E. Upper Steptoean (Upper Cambrian) Trilobites from the McKay Group of southeastern British Columbia, Canada. Lawrence, Kan: Paleontological Society, 1998.

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B, Whittington H., and Geological Society of America, eds. Arthropoda 1: Trilobita revised. Boulder, Colo: Geological Society of America, 1997.

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Luppold, Friedrich W. Fauna (Conodonta, Dacryoconarida, Trilobita), Biostratigraphie und Fazies von Hercynkalk-Vorkommen (Devon) in der Westlichen Harzgeröder und in der Blankenburger Zone (Harz): Eine Dokumentation. Hannover: Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe und den Staatliche Geologische Dienste in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fossil Trilobites"

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Babcock, Loren E. "Trilobites in Paleozoic Predator-Prey Systems, and Their Role in Reorganization of Early Paleozoic Ecosystems." In Predator—Prey Interactions in the Fossil Record, 55–92. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0161-9_4.

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Forli, Maurizio, and Andrea Guerrini. "Scorpions, Ants, and Other Stone Insects. The Understanding of Trilobites Over the Centuries." In The History of Fossils Over Centuries, 417–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04687-2_23.

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Fortey, R. A., and R. M. Owens. "Evolutionary radiations In the Trilobita." In Major Evolutionary Radiations, 139–64. Oxford University PressOxford, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198577188.003.0007.

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Abstract Radiations have been understood in several ways; the trilobites have a good fossil record which can be used to examine these different usages. Supposed radiations in the sense of accelerated cladogenesis (especially involving higher taxa) are discussed at two important times: the basal Cambrian radiation; and the basal Ordovician radiation at the inception of the ‘Palaeozoic evolutionary fauna’. At the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary a cladistic analysis of trilobite relationships shows that the fossil record inadequately represents the early history of the Trilobita, both with regard to the relationships of the group to other arthropods, and with regard to early vicariant or migration events resulting in fauna) provinces.
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Rushton, A. W. A. "FOSSIL INVERTEBRATES | Trilobites." In Encyclopedia of Geology, 281–95. Elsevier, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-12-369396-9/00029-0.

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"Fossil Shows Around the World." In Travels with Trilobites, 295–302. Columbia University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/sech20096-056.

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Schram, Frederick R., and Stefan Koenemann. "Pancrustacea." In Evolution and Phylogeny of Pancrustacea, 775–94. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195365764.003.0051.

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The understanding the evolution of Arthropoda has depended on fossils from localities of unusual preservation, Lagerstätten. Science still tends to view the ever-growing arthropod record in the Cambrian in the shadows cast by the living forms. Stem forms appear to lead to the living Euarthropoda. The living lineages also contain fossils of importance. For example, trilobites may or may not be related to taxa such as chelicerates and pycnogonids. A superclade, Mandibulata, unites the terrestrial myriapods and the pancrustaceans. The origin of the former has problems, but a possible sister group, Euthycarcinida, might provide a solution. The latter, the focus of this book, has a number of fossil conundra. One such is the Hymenocarina, Cambrian crustaceomorphs that resemble crustaceans but exhibit a jumble of primitive and unique features. The evolution of Hexapoda still demands an answer for the origin of wings, the evolution of a labrum, and the origin of their distinctive body plan (their trunk could be a homolog of the thorax of the branchiopods).
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Schofield*, Glen J., and Chad J. Pritchard. "Paleontology, stratigraphy, and structural features of the lower bedded member of the Metaline Formation, Lafarge quarry, Metaline Falls, Washington, USA." In Proterozoic Nuna to Pleistocene Megafloods: Sharing Geology of the Inland Northwest, 59–66. Geological Society of America, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2024.0069(03).

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ABSTRACT This one-day field trip of regional geologic significance goes from Spokane, Washington, north along the Pend Oreille River to the Lafarge limestone quarries in the Metaline Formation near Metaline Falls, Washington, USA. Along the way, we will discuss local geologic and geomorphic features, archaeology of the Native culture, features of Pleistocene glaciation and the Eocene Newport fault in the Pend Oreille valley, and highlights of roadcuts and rock types. The main focus of the field trip centers on the paleontology of the lower bedded member of the Metaline Formation in the Lafarge quarry. Based on recent fossil identification of recently discovered trilobites, the age of the lower bedded member has been refined to Series 2-Stage 4 of the Cambrian. We will examine potential new species at stopping points within the quarry, identify key units of stratigraphy and relate them to the stratigraphic column of the guide, and include a structural geology discussion. Deformed trilobites, cleavage, and calcite-filled fractures indicate NW-SE compression during Mesozoic Cordilleran tectonism.
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Playfair, John. "The pathogens." In Living with Germs, 19–71. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192805812.003.0003.

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Abstract Opinions still differ as to exactly how life on earth started, but there is clear fossil evidence that about 3.5 billion years ago, only 1 billion years after the earth itself was formed, single-celled organisms remarkably like today’s bacteria were already abundant – and they were certainly not parasites, because there was nothing larger around for them to be a parasite of! It was another 2 billion years before the appearance of the new type of cell required for the evolution of larger animals and plants. Strange and wonderful creatures have come and gone since – ammonites, trilobites, dinosaurs, the mammoth, the sabre-toothed tiger – but the bacteria are still there, so evidently the design of that single cell was a pretty good one.
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Brasier, Martin. "A Fossilized Jelly Baby." In Darwin’s Lost World, 63–92. Oxford University PressOxford, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199548972.003.0003.

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Abstract A group of us was standing by a hole in the ground, chatting innocently about trilobites. Suddenly, we were startled by a whoop of joy: ‘Wow! Come and look at this!’ Palaeontologist Vibhuti Rai had been hammering away at the honey-coloured mudstones when out leapt a fossil in a billion—it looked like a shrimp, with all its soft parts preserved. We crowded round to take a closer look. Coated in rust-red iron oxide, it was replete with antennae, gills, legs, and a tail. It even had little eyes on stalks. My own eyes grew on stalks in response. For a brief moment, we viewed Vibhuti with admiration. Then with something close to envy. And then our mood turned ugly. We began bashing away at the cliff like demented dwarves, each fighting for space along the ledge.
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"Trilobite Fossil." In Dictionary of Geotourism, 645. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2538-0_2605.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fossil Trilobites"

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Hildenbrand, Anne, Gregor Austermann, and Peter Bengtson. "AGNOSTID TRILOBITES AND SMALL SHELLY FOSSILS (SSFS) FROM THE DRUMIAN (MIDDLE CAMBRIAN) MANUELS RIVER FORMATION, CONCEPTION BAY SOUTH, NEWFOUNDLAND, CANADA - IMPLICATIONS FOR BIOSTRATIGRAPHY, PALEOBIOGEOGRAPHY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-300045.

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Hughes, Nigel. "INTERBEDDED FOSSIL-BEARING BEDS AND TUFF HORIZONS IN SECTORS OF THE SIBUMASU TERRANE CALIBRATE PARTS OF TRILOBITE-BASED BIOZONATION OF THE LATEST CAMBRIAN AND EARLIEST ORDOVICIAN IN EQUATORIAL GONDWANA." In GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-381001.

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Reports on the topic "Fossil Trilobites"

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Johnson, Emily, Sofia Andeskie, Justin Tweet, and Vincent Santucci. Mojave National Preserve: Paleontological resource inventory (public version). National Park Service, July 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2299742.

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Mojave National Preserve (MOJA) in the Mojave Desert of southern California hosts an extensive geologic record, with units ranging in age from the Paleoproterozoic (2.5 to 1.7 billion years ago) to the Quaternary (present day). MOJA topography is dominated by numerous mountain ranges hosting extensive geological exposures divided by expansive valleys, dunes, and a low elevation dry salt lake. Some geological units are fossil-bearing, both within the preserve and in adjacent lands outside the boundaries of the preserve. The fossils preserved within MOJA span from the Proterozoic Eon (uncertain maximum age of fossiliferous rocks, but at least approximately 550 million years ago) to the Holocene Epoch (beginning 11,700 years ago). Abundant and diverse marine fossils are preserved in units dated from the late Proterozoic through most of the Cambrian, as well as from the Devonian through the early Permian. More recent volcanic tuff and unconsolidated sedimentary deposits in valleys preserve Cenozoic flora and fauna. Geologic surveys documented paleontological resources within the modern (2023) boundaries of MOJA as early as 1914, but fossils were rarely the focus of detailed study, and no comprehensive inventory was compiled. John Hazzard was the first geologist to devote significant attention to the study of paleontology within MOJA. Throughout the 1930s and 1940s, Hazzard and collaborators identified Paleozoic assemblages within the Kelso and Providence Mountains. Between the 1950s to 1980s, several dissertations and theses described the geology of various areas within MOJA, in which the authors provided limited paleontological descriptions and fossil locality information. Jack Mount conducted extensive paleontological research in the Cambrian sections of the Providence Mountains in the 1970s and 1980s, focusing on olenellid trilobites in the Latham Shale. As early as the 1960s, rockhounds collecting opalite and petrified wood discovered fossilized plant material and vertebrate bones in areas now in south-central MOJA and notified paleontologists at San Bernardino County Museum (SBCM). This resulted in one of the only paleontological excavations in what is now MOJA, with collections of Miocene vertebrate fauna including camelid and early rhino material. More recently, James Hagadorn reported the late-surviving Ediacaran organism Swartpuntia in an assemblage from the Wood Canyon Formation of the Kelso Mountains in 2000. From October 2021 to January 2022, a field inventory was conducted to determine the scope and distribution (both temporal and geospatial) of paleontological resources at MOJA. An additional week of field work was conducted in December 2022. A total of thirteen localities were documented and field-checked throughout the preserve. These localities resulted from field checks of previously reported fossil sites, as well as new discoveries based on literature searches and information provided by MOJA staff. The findings of this report constitute a baseline of paleontology resource data for MOJA, and reflect the current understanding of the scope, significance, and distribution of MOJA’s fossil record. This report provides a foundation for the management and protection of paleontological resources within MOJA and supports future education, interpretation,
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2

Johnson, Emily, Sofia Andeskie, Justin Tweet, and Vincent Santucci. Mojave National Preserve: Paleontological resource inventory (sensitive version). National Park Service, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2299463.

Full text
Abstract:
Mojave National Preserve (MOJA) in the Mojave Desert of southern California hosts an extensive geologic record, with units ranging in age from the Paleoproterozoic (2.5 to 1.7 billion years ago) to the Quaternary (present day). MOJA topography is dominated by numerous mountain ranges hosting extensive geological exposures divided by expansive valleys, dunes, and a low elevation dry salt lake. Some geological units are fossil-bearing, both within the preserve and in adjacent lands outside the boundaries of the preserve. The fossils preserved within MOJA span from the Proterozoic Eon (uncertain maximum age of fossiliferous rocks, but at least approximately 550 million years ago) to the Holocene Epoch (beginning 11,700 years ago). Abundant and diverse marine fossils are preserved in units dated from the late Proterozoic through most of the Cambrian, as well as from the Devonian through the early Permian. More recent volcanic tuff and unconsolidated sedimentary deposits in valleys preserve Cenozoic flora and fauna. Geologic surveys documented paleontological resources within the modern (2023) boundaries of MOJA as early as 1914, but fossils were rarely the focus of detailed study, and no comprehensive inventory was compiled. John Hazzard was the first geologist to devote significant attention to the study of paleontology within MOJA. Throughout the 1930s and 1940s, Hazzard and collaborators identified Paleozoic assemblages within the Kelso and Providence Mountains. Between the 1950s to 1980s, several dissertations and theses described the geology of various areas within MOJA, in which the authors provided limited paleontological descriptions and fossil locality information. Jack Mount conducted extensive paleontological research in the Cambrian sections of the Providence Mountains in the 1970s and 1980s, focusing on olenellid trilobites in the Latham Shale. As early as the 1960s, rockhounds collecting opalite and petrified wood at Hackberry Wash discovered fossilized plant material and vertebrate bones and notified paleontologists at San Bernardino County Museum (SBCM). This resulted in one of the only paleontological excavations in what is now MOJA, with collections of Miocene vertebrate fauna including camelid and early rhino material. More recently, James Hagadorn reported the late-surviving Ediacaran organism Swartpuntia in an assemblage from the Wood Canyon Formation of the Kelso Mountains in 2000. From October 2021 to January 2022, a field inventory was conducted to determine the scope and distribution (both temporal and geospatial) of paleontological resources at MOJA. An additional week of field work was conducted in December 2022. A total of thirteen localities were documented and field-checked throughout the preserve. These localities resulted from field checks of previously reported fossil sites, as well as new discoveries based on literature searches and information provided by MOJA staff. The findings of this report constitute a baseline of paleontology resource data for MOJA, and reflect the current understanding of the scope, significance, and distribution of MOJA’s fossil record. This report provides a foundation for the management and protection of paleontological resources within MOJA and supports future education, interpretation, and research.
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