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Academic literature on the topic 'Fortress world'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Fortress world"

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Celis Estrada, Diego. "UNESCO World Heritage. Hwaseong Fortress." Devenir - Revista de estudios sobre patrimonio edificado 7, no. 14 (October 31, 2020): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.21754/devenir.v7i14.1047.

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Por lo general cuando uno piensa en construcciones militares imagina castillos con torres, murallas y portones, o tal vez puede pensar en fortalezas coloniales con baluartes. Es decir, piensa en edificaciones de uso bélico propios de la cultura europea, pero no pensaría en un “Gongsimdon” o en un “Jangdae”. John Keegan en su libro Historia de la guerra sustenta que la forma de conducir la guerra es una manifestación de una sociedad.
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Johnson, Maxwell. "Borderlands Fortress." Pacific Historical Review 86, no. 2 (May 1, 2017): 258–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2017.86.2.258.

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Focusing on the World War I era, this article examines Harry Chandler’s Los Angeles Times and William Randolph Hearst’s Los Angeles Examiner. It argues that these two rival newspapers urged a particular urban identity for Los Angeles during World War I. If Los Angeles was to become the capital of the American West, the papers demanded that real and rhetorical barriers be constructed to protect the city from a dual Japanese-Mexican menace. While federal officials viewed the border as a line to be maintained, Chandler and Hearst feared it. Los Angeles needed to be a borderlands fortress. After the war, the two newspapers ably transitioned into an editorial style that privileged progress over preparedness. This paper reveals that the contested narrative of progress, based in transnational concerns, was crucial to the city’s early and ultimate development.
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Fordyce, Robbie. "Dwarf Fortress." Games and Culture 13, no. 1 (September 6, 2015): 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1555412015603192.

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The “fortress simulator” game Dwarf Fortress (Bay 12 Games, 2006-present) allows players the space to conduct experiments in economics. The player is not granted an avatar in the world, but this does not mean the player is granted the role of a transcendent deity either. Instead, the player operates on the relational level—completely managing all economic interactions and assigning social codes to different spaces. Lacking a “win” condition, players are free to engage with the game however they wish, including allowing for the immediate and unsympathetic demise of the community. As play continues, Dwarf Fortress ceases to be a fortress and becomes what the autonomists describe as a “laboratory.” The social relations of the fortress are upturned and become the site for experiments in production. The fortress too becomes the site for thought experiments on alternative economies, containing not one but many social laboratories.
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Granqvist, Juha-Matti. "The Businessmen of Sveaborg: Civil–Military Interaction in an Atypical Eighteenth Century Nordic Military Town." 1700-tal: Nordic Journal for Eighteenth-Century Studies 12 (November 5, 2015): 73–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/4.3526.

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Late eighteenth-century Helsinki was, due to the sea fortress Sveaborg, one of the most prominent Nordic military towns. At the same time, Helsinki differed from other Nordic military towns of the era because of its geography. The fortress Sveaborg, with its large military and civilian population, was built on islands unconnected to the mainland and thus was isolated from the outside world every spring and autumn due to the Nordic climate. The burghers of Helsinki, who had shops and taverns on the islands, were vital to the maintenance of the fortress. At the same time, their presence caused tension between the civil society and the military society, as the Army tried to control the burghers’ business and the burghers saw this as a violation of their economic rights. During the sixty-year period of the fortress’s construction (1748–1808), the situation evolved from an open conflict to a mutual agreement and, finally, led to the birth of a new kind of business circle that shook the borders between civil society and the military.
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Ozola, Silvija. "LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDING AND PLANNING DEVELOPMENT OF LIEPAJA “NEW WORLD” AND THE LAKE TOSMARE SHORE TILL WORLD WAR II." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 4 (May 25, 2018): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2018vol4.3422.

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Russian Army Headquarters and Maritime Fleet planned to build a sea and land fortress, and Major General Ivan Alfred McDonald developed a project on August 30, 1892. Near Naval Port and the Lake Tosmare Apparent Heir’s Grove and residential buildings with streets were built. Residential buildings were built in “New World” – land between Romny Railway and Grobin Highway. In Liepaja 1922 administrative border plan development was started to include the Lake Liepaja’s northern part into the urban territory. Low-rise residential buildings of Aspazija’s (former Apparent Heir’s) Grove were supplemented. Research issue – building structure and development of residential buildings of Libava Maritime fortress territory has been studied insufficiently. Novelty characteristics – low-rise residential buildings’ construction and street network of Apparent Heir’s Grove has been analysed. Research goal – analyse “New World” and low-rise residential building and planning of the Lake Tosmare surroundings till World War II. Principal research methods – planning and construction observation in nature, archive and cartographic material analysis. Brief description of research outcomes: fortress built on the Baltic Seacoast affected further development of the territory. Nowadays development of qualitative architectonic space without historical development analysis is impossible.
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Thompson, John A. "Another Look at the Downfall of “Fortress America”." Journal of American Studies 26, no. 3 (December 1992): 393–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875800031133.

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In the reams of commentary that marked the fiftieth anniversary of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, no theme was more common than that it ended American isolationism. According toTimemagazine, “this was the moment that changed Americans from a nation of provincial innocents, not only ignorant of the great world but proud of their ignorance, into a nation that would often have to bear the burdens of rescuing the world.” “The United States was shaken to the bottom of its soul, its geopolitical innocence in ruins,”Newsweekrecalled. “No longer could it cultivate the old American illusion of withdrawing safely behind the Atlantic and Pacific while the rest of a corrupt world went about its dirty business.”
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Floyd, Dale E., J. E. Kaufmann, and R. M. Jurga. "Fortress Europe: European Fortifications of World War II." Journal of Military History 63, no. 4 (October 1999): 1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/120601.

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O'Byrne, Anne. "Améry, Arendt, and the Future of the World." Journal of French and Francophone Philosophy 24, no. 3 (February 24, 2017): 128–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jffp.2016.791.

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Of all the terms Jean Améry might have chosen to explain the deepest effects of torture, the one he selected was world. To be tortured was to lose trust in the world, to become incapable of feeling at home in the world. In July 1943, Améry was arrested by the Gestapo in Belgium and tortured by the SS at the former fortress of Breendonk. With the first blow from the torturers, he famously wrote, one loses trust in the world. With that blow, one can no longer be certain that “by reason of written or unwritten social contracts the other person will spare me—and more precisely stated, that he will respect my physical, and with it also my metaphysical, being.” In a vault inside the fortress, beyond the reach of anyone who might help—a wife, a mother, a brother, a friend—it turned out that all social contracts had been broken and torture was possible. His attackers had no respect for him, and no-one else could or would help.
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Song, Hwasung, and Hyun Kim. "Value-Based Profiles of Visitors to a World Heritage Site: The Case of Suwon Hwaseong Fortress (in South Korea)." Sustainability 11, no. 1 (December 27, 2018): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010132.

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The aim of this study is to evaluate the place value of Suwon Hwaseong Fortress in Korea, a mountain fortress located in natural resources with UNESCO World Heritage Site status, in order to classify visitors according to place value and to establish marketing strategies based on the characteristics of each profile. In particular, for sustainable cultural heritage development, visitors were asked to evaluate the place value of the site from various perspectives, through a presentation of government policies and business based on both the world heritage value and the inherent attractiveness of the site. Utilizing a person-centered approach, a latent profile analysis (LPA) was applied to a sample of visitors to Hwaseong Fortress (N = 656), with visitors classified by place value into four profiles: Outing Seekers (OS), Tourism Seekers (TS), Heritage Seekers (HS), and Serious Travel Seekers (SS). These profiles differed in relation to distance from the study setting from travelers’ residence, recognition of the fortress as a World Heritage site, and the degree to which the World Heritage site status influenced the decision to visit. The profiles also showed differences in visit satisfaction and intent to revisit. This study contributes a better understanding of visitors’ evaluated value of heritage sites and corresponding behaviors, in order to provide sustainable management for the heritage tourism market.
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Chekmareva, Elena V., and Tatyana V. Chekmareva. "Open-air museums. Project of museumification of stockade fragments in the Omsk fortress." Stroitel stvo nauka i obrazovanie [Construction Science and Education], no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/2305-5502.2019.4.5.

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Introduction. The author’s architectural project of museumification of fragments of the fortress jail of Omsk fortress, where the world-famous Russian writer Fyodor Dostoevsky served hard labor, is proposed. The implemented project will become an open-air Museum in the future. The main idea of the project is to recreate the fragments of the jail on an authentic Foundation in the center of Omsk. On the eve of the 200th anniversary of the birth of F. M. Dostoevsky, in 2021, the project is relevant not only for the region but also for the entire world community. Museumification of fragments of the jail, preserving the historical and cultural heritage and ensuring the continuity of generations, will contribute to the cultural development of Omsk, and attract many tourists to the region. Materials and methods. Scientific publications, normative and archival documents: description, copies, drawings, drawings, literary work of F.M. Dostoevsky “Notes from the Dead house” and his letters to his brother; implemented projects analogues; General scientific research methods (analysis, synthesis, generalization); methods: comparison, classification; design method, including pre-design analysis, development: concept and architectural drawings, 3D-visualization and mock-up visualization of fragments of the fortress of Omsk. Results. The author’s project of museumification of fragments of the fortress of Omsk fortress — historically authentic tourist object. For popularization and speedy implementation of the project, the created layout, as a more visual presentation of the architectural project, is exposed for public discussion by Omsk citizens in the resurrection Cathedral of the Omsk fortress. Conclusions. Museumification of fragments of the fortress of Omsk fortress is classified as a complex open-air Museum. The profile of the exhibited objects of the Museum is fortification (military-historical museums) and literary (literary-memorial museums). To obtain the status of an open-air Museum and tourist attraction, all the principles of museumification of historical and cultural heritage are taken into account: historical significance, preservation, information content, accessibility and modern significance.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fortress world"

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Butler, Colin David, and Colin Butler@anu edu au. "Inequality and Sustainability." The Australian National University. National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, 2002. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20030324.171924.

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Global civilisation, and therefore population health, is threatened by excessive inequality, weapons of mass destruction, inadequate economic and political theory and adverse global environmental change. The unequal distribution of global foreign exchange adjusted income is both a cause and a reflection of global social characteristics responsible for many aspects of these inter-related crises. ¶ The global distribution of foreign exchange adjusted income for the period 1964-1999 is examined. Using data for more than 99% of the global population, a substantial divergence in its distribution is found. The global Gini co-efficient, adjusted for national income inequality, increased from an already high value of 71% in 1964 to peak at more than 80% in 1995, before falling, very slightly, to 79% in 1999. The global distribution of purchasing parity power income is also examined, for a similar period. Though also found to be extremely unequal, its trend has not been to increased inequality. Implications of the differences between these two trends are discussed. ¶ A weighted time series index of global environmental change (IGEC) for the period 1960-1997 was also calculated. This uses nine categories of global time series environmental data, each scaled so that 100% represents the level of each category in nature prior to anthropogenic change; zero represents decline to a critical point. This index fell from 82% in 1960 to 55% in 1997, and will further decline during this century. ¶ Using evidence from several disciplines, it is argued that the decline in the IGEC correlates with major macro-environmental changes, which, combined with flawed social responses to scarcity and its perception, place at risk the ability of civilisation to function. This could occur because of the interaction of conflict, economically disastrous extreme climatic events, deterioration of other ecosystem services, regional food and water insecurity, and currently unforeseen events. Uncertainty regarding both a safe rate of decline and the tolerable nadir of the IGEC is substantial. ¶ Substantial reduction in the inequality of foreign exchange adjusted income is vital to enhance the development of policies able to reverse the decline in the environmental goods which underpin civilisation, and to promote the co-operation needed to maximise the chance that civilisation will survive.
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Books on the topic "Fortress world"

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Hell's fortress. Seattle: Thomas & Mercer, 2014.

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Toms, Carel. Hitler's fortress islands. Guernsey: Burbridge, 1996.

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Perro, Oskars. Fortress Cholm. 5th ed. [Toronto, Ontario, Canada: s.n.], 1992.

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Fortress Europe: Hitler's Atlantic wall. Hersham, Surrey: Ian Allan, 2002.

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Lesmana, Raymond T. Baubau: The widest fortress in the world. Baubau]: Yayasan Cinta Bahari Antar Nusa, 2011.

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Lesmana, Raymond T. Baubau: The widest fortress in the world. Baubau]: Yayasan Cinta Bahari Antar Nusa, 2011.

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Wynne, Nick. Florida in World War II: Floating fortress. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2010.

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Wynne, Nick. Florida in World War II: Floating fortress. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2010.

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Listemann, Phil H. Boeing Fortress Mk.I. Colayrac-Saint-Cirq: Philedition, 2009.

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Listemann, Phil H. Boeing Fortress Mk.I. Colayrac-Saint-Cirq: Philedition, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fortress world"

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Curzon, Gerard. "Ten Reasons to Fear Fortress Europe." In Global Disequilibrium in the World Economy, 225–39. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22269-8_13.

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George, Stephen. "The European Union, 1992 and the Fear of ‘Fortress Europe’." In Regionalism and World Order, 21–54. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24514-7_2.

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Savin-Baden, Maggi. "Fortress or Demi-Paradise? Implementing and Evaluating Problem-Based Learning in an Immersive World." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 433–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04636-0_41.

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Dille, Glen F. "How Gonzalo Pereyra came to the Maluco as the king of Portugal’s captain and arrested Don Jorge de Meneses; and how Gonzalo Pereyra and the Castilians reestablished the peace between the parties as before they had with Don Jorge and the Portuguese; and how the Indians of Ternate rose up against the Portuguese, took the fortress and killed Captain Gonzalo Pereyra; and how the Portuguese recovered their fortress and and appointed Vicente de Fonseca their new captain; and of the help the Castilians gave to the Portuguese captain without which he and the Portuguese would have been lost; and how the Castilians sent to India to request passage to Spain because After so many years His Majesty had not sent any armada or aid; and how the king of Portugal’s captain in India sent the dispatch and money to enable the Castilians to go to India." In Spanish and Portuguese Conflict in the Spice Islands the Loaysa Expedition to the Moluccas 1525–1535, 124–26. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, [2021] | Series: Hakluyt Society, third series ; No. 30: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003144472-32.

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BRUMMETT, PALMIRA. "The Fortress: Defining and Mapping the Ottoman Frontier in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries." In The Frontiers of the Ottoman World. British Academy, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197264423.003.0002.

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The frontiers of the Ottoman Empire, like frontiers elsewhere in the early modern world, were not defined and represented in terms of linear boundaries. The fortress was possessed space, occupied by the soldiers or subordinates (long-term or temporary) of a sovereign entity. Control of territory and of trade routes was counted, in terms of the submission of fortresses. It is that counting and mapping which this chapter proposes to consider. Early modern fortress images vary from the architecturally correct, complete with keys to various features, to the highly impressionistic, to the simply iconic. Maps also show the rhetorical fortress — an emblem of possession. To illustrate that characteristic, this chapter presents a set of maps of fortresses on the Ottoman-Hapsburg-Venetian frontier. These images suggest the ways in which the fortress served to define Ottoman frontiers in the early modern imagination and to stamp sovereignty onto contested regional space.
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"1. A world in flux." In The Vulnerable Fortress. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442683174-003.

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"Fortress World: Instability and Violence?" In Which World, 51–60. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315071282-13.

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"Introducing the Fortress Press Series:." In Understanding World Christianity, vii—xii. 1517 Media, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvd7w7q2.3.

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"Introducing the Fortress Press Series:." In Understanding World Christianity, edited by Dyron Daughrity, ix—xiv. 1517 Media, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvcb59s1.3.

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Atkinson, Rowland, and Sarah Blandy. "A shell for the body and mind." In Domestic Fortress. Manchester University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781784995300.003.0003.

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This chapter considers the meaning and importance of more psychological aspects of the private home. Homeownership has been argued to provide us with a deep sense of security of being in troubled times, when trust in community has been lost. Psychoanalytic and sociological theories of consumption practices are used here to examine the role of psychic development as it occurs within the home. Two functions of the home in particular are examined here, illustrated through fairy stories, fiction and films. First, the home's role as a bridge or mediator to the public world outside the home, meaning that a child's preparation for the outside world is largely dependent on parental perceptions of risk and insecurity. Second, the private (fearful) world inside what Freud termed the unheimlich home, hiding dreadful secrets. The current emphasis on control of outsiders' access to the home, and the developing culture of respecting others' homes as entirely private places, may make the home a domestic prison for its less powerful residents: women and children. Feminist analyses of the development of gender roles in the home and data on domestic violence show the dark underbelly of the sanctified private home. Although some homes are havens, others can be the site of domestic slavery and even more disturbing examples of power and abuse, such as Fred West, and the imprisonment of Fritzl's daughter in Austria and Jaycee Dugard in the US.
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Conference papers on the topic "Fortress world"

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Ory, Vincent. "“Locking up the Strait in the fifteenth century’s Ottoman Mediterranean”: The Bosporus’ sea forts of Mehmet II (1452)." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11333.

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In the fifteenth century, the Mediterranean world was in turmoil. A new sultan, Mehmet II, had just inherited a vast empire stretching over two continents in the centre of which the ruins of the Byzantine Empire survived through the city of Constantinople. In order to seal his accession, he therefore undertook important preparations to conquer the “City guarded by God”. Mehmet then ordered the construction, within 4 months, of an imposing fortress nicknamed Boǧazkesen (the throat cutter). This coup de force is a testimony to the incredible military and economic power of this growing empire that masters a new war technology: artillery. The Ottomans, who were still novices in this field, had therefore had to adapt their fortifications to the use of firearms. Using local and foreign architects and engineers, the Ottoman fortifications built in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries bear witness to an architectural experimentation that seems to testify, like the work carried out in Rhodes by Pierre d’Aubusson or in Methoni by the Venetians, to a real research in terms of offensive and defensive effectiveness. In this context, the fortifications of Rumeli Hisarı and Anadolu Hisarı, built on either side of the narrowest point of the Bosporus in 1451-1452, are characterized by the presence of large coastal batteries that operate together. They were to block access to Constantinople by the Black Sea, combining sinking and dismasting fire.
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Rouco Collazo, Jorge, and José Mª Martín Civantos. "Análisis espacial del sistema defensivo de la costa granadina en época nazarí y su transformación tras la conquista castellana." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11351.

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Spatial analysis of Kingdom of Granada’s coastal defensive system in Nasrid period and its transformation after the Castilian conquestThe coast of the Kingdom of Granada was a border of importance in Nasrid times and it was also a zone to be protected after the Castilian conquest, mostly against piracy. To control the sea, the successive rulers would build a system of fortresses and watchtowers. The objective of this paper is to apply spatial analysis to the defense system of the southern coasts of Granada and Almeria from the fifteenth to seventeenth century, focusing in its evolution. To achieve this objective, we will use historical documentation and archaeological record as main data for the spatial analysis carried out by a GIS software, mainly visibility and distribution. With this approach we expect to add new insights to this topic and stablish a base for further research and comparison with other neighboring areas of the Kingdom of Granada.
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López-Menchero Bendicho, Víctor Manuel, Herbert D. G. Maschner, James Bart McLeod, Jeffrey P. Du Vernay, and Miguel Ángel Hervás Herrera. "The work of Global Digital Heritage for the massive digitization of fortifications in Spain." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11415.

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In the last 20 years the field of cultural heritage has experienced a revolution in terms of documentation methods. The latest technological advances in laser scanners and photogrammetry have opened the possibility of documenting in three dimensions all types of monuments and sites regardless of their size or complexity. In this revolution fortified spaces have not been an exception. Hundreds of research teams around the world have developed 3D digitization projects of castles and fortresses. However, the overall impact of these projects has been very limited, partly due to the lack of collaboration and partly due to the inability of citizens to freely access the data. Currently, the research team of the US non-profit entity Global Digital Heritage is working on the massive digitization of fortifications in Spain, regardless of their chronology or size. In this context, work has been done on digitizing the prehistoric fortified site of Motilla del Azuer in Daimiel, the Iberian oppidum of Cerro de las Cabezas in Valdepeñas, the fortified Islamic city of Calatrava La Vieja in Carrión de Calatrava, the medieval Christian castle of Calatrava La Nueva in Aldea del Rey, the medieval-Renaissance castle of Los Vélez in Mula, the watchtower of Cope in Águilas or the machine-gun bunker of the Spanish Civil War in Alhama de Murcia, to name just a few examples.
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