Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fortification – united states – juvenile literature

Academic literature on the topic 'Fortification – united states – juvenile literature'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 25 July 2024
Last updated: 26 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Fortification – united states – juvenile literature"

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Torres Quintero, Angélica Paola, Juliana Villanueva Congote, Maria Camila Jaramillo Bernal, Esteban Sotomayor Carreño, and Catherine Gutiérrez Congote. "Mental Health in the Attention Models for Juvenile Offenders. The Cases of Colombia, Argentina, United States and Canada." Universitas Médica 59, no. 4 (October 19, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.umed59-4.infr.

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Abstract Objective: To investigate how mental health is understood and approached in the attention models of detention centers for the convicted underage population in Argentina, Colombia, United States and Canada. Methodology: A literature search was conducted using the following key words: adolescence, mental health, juvenile justice, juvenile delinquency, risk factors, and interventions. Searches were done through the search engine Pubmed. Additionally, public institution websites for each country were consulted. Conclusions: Juvenile delinquency is now understood as a multi-factorial phenomenon with multiple areas of intervention within which economic, domestic and social factors are considered relevant, since these favor the development of criminal behavior. A similarity was found between Colombian and Argentinian systems; both are based on restorative justice that seeks reparation and not punishment; which is why there are no punitive measures. When comparing Canada and the United States, it can be seen that Canada is more similar to Latin-American countries than to the United States, given that the latter uses punitive measures focused on the offender.
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Brace, Diana. "Literacy Programs for Incarcerated Youth in the United States." International Journal of Literacy, Culture, and Language Education 1 (March 5, 2012): 184–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/ijlcle.v1i0.26833.

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Incarcerated youth in the United States face many barriers to literacy learning. This paper collects and analyzes research on literacy programs in juvenile correctional facilities. The review of literature reveals a troubled institution lacking resources and clear solutions. Few articles deeply consider students’ cultures, literacy identities, and voices. This discovery suggests that new approaches to research of incarcerated youth’s literacy learning are needed. The paper calls for research that investigates and observes how literacy identities of incarcerated youth can be utilized to increase literacy learning both within and outside the correctional facility. The author further suggests that this goal could best be achieved by considering the theoretical frameworks of Bakhtin, Freire, and Peck, Flower, and Higgins.
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Wallace, Lacey N. "Baltimore’s Juvenile Curfew." Criminal Justice Review 45, no. 2 (January 19, 2016): 171–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734016815626971.

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Juvenile curfew statutes are used in hundreds of cities across the United States to prevent juvenile offending and victimization. In spite of their popularity, there is disagreement in the existing literature as to whether juvenile curfews are truly effective. The current study assesses the effectiveness of a change in the juvenile curfew statutes in Baltimore, MD. Data consist of police arrest records for the months preceding and following the curfew change. Regression analyses address both change in arrest totals and change in the ratio of youth to adult arrests and the ratio of arrests within curfew hours to outside of curfew hours. Results indicate an increase in the ratio of youth to adult arrests during curfew hours. However, arrest totals were decreasing overall at the time of the curfew change. Implications for further investigation are discussed.
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Oktaviani, Izzania, Desie Rahmawati, and Yulianti Nataya Rame Kana. "Prevalensi dan Faktor Risiko Anemia pada Anak di Negara Maju." Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia 16, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/jkmi.16.4.2021.218-226.

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Background: Anemia is a global public health problem that occurs in developed countries or in developing countries. The prevalence of anemia in children aged 1-5 years in the United States is 3.9% and iron anemia is 1.1%. This review discussed prevalence and the risk factors and anemia in children in developed countries. Method: The method used is a literature review, the data source in the form of research articles is obtained from online databases, namely Google Scholar and Science Direct. The articles reviewed were 10 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Result: Based on several studies, iron deficiency or deficiency is the most common cause in children in developed countries. 8% of children under five in the United States have iron deficiency, and 2-3% of them are iron deficiency anemia. Risk factors for anemia include lack of serum zinc, low levels of 25 (OH) D, exclusive breastfeeding without iron fortification, Low Birth Weight (LBW), food intake factors, history of asthma and eczema, and maternal education. Iron deficiency anemia in childhood has been shown to have a negative effect on cognitive and psychomotor development. Prevention of anemia that can be done include giving iron supplements and food recommendations. Conclusion: Risk factors for anemia include lack of serum zinc, low 25 (OH) D levels, exclusive breastfeeding without iron fortification, Low Birth Weight (LBW), food intake factors, history of asthma and eczema, and maternal education.
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Gilman, Amanda B., Sarah Cusworth Walker, Kristin Vick, and Rachael Sanford. "The Impact of Detention on Youth Outcomes: A Rapid Evidence Review." Crime & Delinquency 67, no. 11 (May 5, 2021): 1792–813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00111287211014141.

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While there is ample research examining the short- and long-term effects of juvenile incarceration (broadly defined), less is known about the specific consequences of the most common form of youth incarceration, juvenile detention. We conducted a Rapid Evidence Review (RER), limiting our search to the past 10 years to include studies that captured modern juvenile justice practices, to assess the body of literature evaluating the effects of juvenile detention on youth outcomes. Our initial search yielded over 1,800 articles, but only three ultimately met criteria for inclusion in our review. We conclude that there is a profound lack of research regarding the consequences of juvenile detention, an issue that affects a large number of youth in the United States.
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Garza, Micheal, and Claire Williams. "Incarcerated youth and their siblings: A review of historical and current context, and future directions." Juvenile and Family Court Journal 75, no. 1 (March 2024): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfcj.12254.

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AbstractThe 2020 Juvenile Residential Facility Census reports that roughly 25,000 youth in the United States (U.S.) are incarcerated—placing the United States as the leading nation in number of juveniles in correctional facilities worldwide. This paper aims to highlight an overlooked population impacted by this issue: not the incarcerated youth themselves, but their siblings. This paper first grounds historical trends, the effects of racialized sociopolitical systems on disparate rates of incarceration, and the current state of youth incarceration, with a specific focus on impacts on families. This paper reviews the literature on how families are affected by the juvenile justice system in terms of their well‐being, education, and other outcomes—drawing from the small body of research directly on siblings and hypothesizing impacts in need of further study based on families' experiences in the criminal justice system. We present historical and current issues/limitations to understanding and addressing the impacts of youth incarceration on siblings, concluding with areas of future research needed to address the impacts that a youth's incarceration has on their siblings and family.
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Skovron, Sandra Evans, Joseph E. Scott, and Francis T. Cullen. "The Death Penalty for Juveniles: An Assessment of Public Support." Crime & Delinquency 35, no. 4 (October 1989): 546–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128789035004003.

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The United States is one of the few nations that permits the execution of offenders for murders committed while under the age of 18. The juvenile death penalty has received considerable media and public attention both nationally and internationally. Yet despite the extensive literature on public attitudes toward the death penalty, little research exists on public attitudes toward the juvenile death penalty. This article examines attitudes toward this penalty, using data collected in a telephone survey of two midwestern cities. A substantial majority of those surveyed opposed the death penalty for juveniles above the age of 14 convicted of murder. The implications of these findings are discussed.
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Aazami, Aida, Rebecca Valek, Andrea N. Ponce, and Hossein Zare. "Risk and Protective Factors and Interventions for Reducing Juvenile Delinquency: A Systematic Review." Social Sciences 12, no. 9 (August 25, 2023): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci12090474.

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Juvenile delinquency is a pressing problem in the United States; the literature emphasizes the importance of early interventions and the role of the family in preventing juvenile delinquency. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework, PudMed, and Scopus, we included 28 peer-reviewed articles in English between January 2012 and October 2022. We evaluated the existing literature regarding the risk factors, protective factors, and interventions related to juvenile delinquency. We searched articles that discussed reducing juvenile delinquency and recidivism in the U.S. and coded them into four overarching themes: ‘family conflict and dysfunction’, ‘neglect and maltreatment’, ‘individual and family mitigating factors’, and ‘family- and community-based interventions. We found that family conflict and dysfunction and neglect and maltreatment were two primary predictors of juvenile delinquency. Notably, higher academic achievement and strong and positive parental relationships were factors that protected against delinquency amongst at-risk youth. Interventions that yielded optimal efficacy in curbing recidivism included family-based interventions, specifically family therapy, and community-based interventions. Considering multi-dimensional factors that affect delinquent behaviors, interventions should consider the influence of family, peers, neighborhood, schools, and the larger community.
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Rouleau, Brian. "How the West Was Fun: Children’s Literature and Frontier Mythmaking toward the Turn of the Twentieth Century." Western Historical Quarterly 51, no. 1 (December 5, 2019): 49–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/whq/whz099.

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Abstract This article discusses the important role that juvenile literature played in creating America’s frontier mythos. It argues that children were a crucial audience for adult authors seeking to justify and normalize settler colonial policies. But, more importantly, young people themselves were active participants in the perpetuation of a popular culture that glorified westward expansion and the eradication of Indigenous peoples. In acknowledging as much, we arrive at a richer understanding of the important intersections between western history and the history of childhood in the United States.
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Coker, David C. "Education, Policy, and Juvenile Delinquents: A Mixed Methods Investigation During COVID-19." Journal of Education and Learning 10, no. 1 (December 30, 2020): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jel.v10n1p22.

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COVID-19 mitigation efforts resulted in many schools making the transition to online and remote instruction. Juvenile delinquents, as a group, attained lower academic achievement before the pandemic, and little was known how juvenile delinquents’ education fared after schools ceased face-to-face instruction. Using a mixed methods approach, three steps were conducted to analyze the education of juvenile delinquents in the United States: a qualitative literature review, a grounded theory study of teachers’ concerns in traditional schools, and an instrumental case study of juvenile delinquents’ enrollment during COVID-19. Researchers and experts recommended the development of a community online and in remote instruction, but most teachers felt overwhelmed and unable to rise to the challenge. Juvenile delinquents responded by most students disappearing from school attendance rolls. A grand theme, to shift the nature of online learning, is offered based upon the convergence of the research findings. A theory of humanistic schooling online, centered on a community of learners with the dimensions of academics, physical health, social, and attention to the individual, offers to radically transform practices and past recommendations.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fortification – united states – juvenile literature"

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Sudan, Brenda Naimah. "Multicultural literature based reading program." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1990. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/584.

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O'Brien, Eileen Marie. "Women in history: A vanishing act." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1991. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/762.

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Books on the topic "Fortification – united states – juvenile literature"

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ill, Pallent Sharon, ed. North American forts and fortifications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986.

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Stone, Lynn M. Forts. Vero Beach, FL: Rourke Publications, 1993.

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Brooks, Victor. Civil War forts. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers, 2000.

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Kalman, Bobbie. Fort life. New York: Crabtree Pub. Co., 1994.

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Bial, Raymond. The forts. New York: Benchmark Books, 2002.

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Steedman, Scott. A frontier fort on the Oregon Trail. New York: P. Bedrick Books, 1993.

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Steedman, Scott. Amerika seibu kaitakushi. Tōkyō: Sanseidō, 1994.

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Steedman, Scott. A frontier fort on the Oregon Trail. New York: P. Bedrick Books, 1993.

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Grayson, Robert. United States. Minneapolis, MN: ABDO Publishing Company, 2013.

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Kopp, Megan. United States. New York: AV2 by Weigl, 2014.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fortification – united states – juvenile literature"

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Rouleau, Brian. "How the West Was Fun." In Empire's Nursery, 21–54. NYU Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479804474.003.0002.

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This chapter discusses the important role that juvenile literature played in creating America’s frontier mythos. It argues that children were a crucial audience for adult authors seeking to justify and normalize settler colonial policies. But, more important, young people themselves were active participants in the perpetuation of a popular culture that glorified westward expansion and the eradication of Indians. In acknowledging as much, we arrive at a richer understanding of the important intersections between western history and the history of childhood in the United States.
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Rouleau, Brian. "Introduction." In Empire's Nursery, 1–20. NYU Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479804474.003.0001.

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Diplomatic historians have often referred to the twentieth century as the American Century, shorthand for a moment when the nation’s overseas commitments increased. Historians of childhood, on the other hand, often refer to it as the Century of the Child, signaling a growing public investment in juvenile welfare. But what if we placed those two conceptualizations of the era in conversation with one another? Children’s literature and children themselves, it turns out, played an important role in propagating the belief that the United States should exercise a commanding role in global affairs.
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Schryer, Stephen. "Jack Kerouac’s Delinquent Art." In Maximum Feasible Participation. Stanford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.11126/stanford/9781503603677.003.0002.

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This chapter puts the Beat writer Jack Kerouac in conversation with 1950s sociologists and psychologists interested in juvenile delinquency. These social scientists used the delinquent to develop ideas that would culminate in the class culture paradigm of the 1960s. Kerouac’s fiction prefigures this paradigm, drawing on the work of Oswald Spengler to distinguish between lower-class minority and middle-class white cultures in the United States. In autobiographical novels like Maggie Cassidy, On the Road, and Dr. Sax, Kerouac imagines the delinquent as a self-divided figure, alienated from the traditional lower class and unable to adapt to the new demands of the rising professional class. His version of process art replicates this division, offering its readers a failed synthesis of middlebrow and avant-garde literature.
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"Biology and Management of Inland Striped Bass and Hybrid Striped Bass." In Biology and Management of Inland Striped Bass and Hybrid Striped Bass, edited by Wayne Gustaveson and Georg Blommer. American Fisheries Society, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874363.ch2.

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<em>Abstract</em>.—The discovery of landlocked populations of striped bass <em>Morone saxatilis</em> in Santee–Cooper Reservoir, South Carolina and Kerr Reservoir, Virginia prompted a rush to stock striped bass in other inland waters of the United States, including impoundments in the Colorado River. Fisheries managers responsible for Colorado River waters studied existing literature and predicted that it would be unlikely for successful natural reproduction of striped bass in these systems. Striped bass population development proved unique in the Colorado River system, which is marked by nutrient-poor, well-oxygenated waters with limited forage. Natural reproduction did occur in these reservoirs despite the lack of current previously thought to be essential for successful reproduction, resulting in high survival. Developing populations were sometimes overabundant to the point of forage elimination from pelagic zones. Lack of prey limited growth and temporarily reduced reproduction. Eventually forage returned, increasing striped bass growth and maturity, which led to more reproduction (a “boom and bust”cycle). Planned low-impact, low-abundance adult trophy fisheries produced by managed stocking were replaced by high-abundance juvenile fisheries with high catch rates produced by natural reproduction. In most years, juvenile striped bass living in warm surface waters proved to have the competitive advantage over adults for limited forage.
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"Propagated Fish in Resource Management." In Propagated Fish in Resource Management, edited by BARRY BEREJIKIAN, THOMAS FLAGG, and PAUL KLINE. American Fisheries Society, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569698.ch20.

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<em>Abstract.</em>—Captive broodstocks have been initiated for maintenance and recovery of imperiled anadromous salmonid populations because they can provide a rapid demographic boost and reduce short-term extinction risk. As with captive propagation programs for other vertebrates, difficulties with reintroduction to the natural environment may impede success in achieving the program’s objectives. Strategies for reintroduction of anadromous salmonid captive broodstocks in the United States and Canada include release of captively reared adults (currently four programs), stocking their offspring as eyed eggs (two programs), parr (six programs), or smolts (nine programs). Captive broodstock programs that release adults considered the management objectives of (i) evaluating of different reintroduction strategies, and (ii) spreading the risk of failure of any one particular strategy to be much more important than programs that do not release adults. This distinction indicates that the programs releasing adults consider the strategy to be an experimental one that may serve to offset potential risks associated with juvenile release options. However, the finding that preventing extinction was considered to be very important in adult and juvenile release programs alike indicates that programs releasing adults believe the strategy, at a minimum, will not impede that objective. We summarized the salmonid literature on (1) natural and sexual selection during reproduction, (2) homing and straying, (3) rearing effects on social behavior, (4) domestication, and (5) survival as it relates to biological trade-offs of different reintroduction strategies for captive broodstocks. The adult release strategy provides potential biological benefits that include the opportunity for natural and sexual selection to occur on the spawning grounds—selection that is relaxed during artificial spawning. Adult release and egg stocking may reduce potential for unnaturally high straying rates and may minimize domestication selection of the offspring compared to programs that artificially spawn adults and release their offspring as smolts. The potential benefits of adult and egg releases must be weighed against (and may be offset by) the greater F1 production that could be achieved by releasing hatchery-reared smolts. A variety of reintroduction strategies will likely continue to be appropriate for captive broodstock programs.
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