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Journal articles on the topic 'Forth Industrial Revolution'
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Lee, Jongyong. "Direction of Korea RMA(Revolution in Military Affairs) in the Forth Industrial Revolution." KRINS QUARTERLY 5, no. 2 (July 31, 2020): 81–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.46322/krinsq.5.2.3.
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Dimitri, Carolyn. "Organic Agriculture: An Agrarian or Industrial Revolution?" Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 39, no. 3 (October 2010): 384–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500007383.
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The notion of industrialized agriculture has been a dominant theme in the applied economics literature. More recently, the debate has entered the realm of organic agriculture, with some suggesting that the organic sector has strayed from its agrarian roots. The terms “industrial” and “agrarian” are widely used, yet few have given precise definitions of what the terms mean. This paper puts forth testable hypotheses for agrarian and industrial agriculture. Then, using census data from the 2008 Organic Production Survey, we examine the evidence to assess whether the organic farm sector fits an agrarian or industrial model. Overall the evidence is mixed, yet suggests that the organic sector is less agrarian than expected.
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Cho, Seong-Ho. "An Exploration of Christian Spirituality in the Era of Forth Industrial Revolution." Gospel and Praxis 48 (August 15, 2018): 149–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.25309/kept.2018.8.15.149.
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Kravchenko, Alla, and Iryna Kyzymenko. "The Forth Industrial Revolution: New Paradigm of Society Development or Posthumanist Manifesto." Philosophy and Cosmology 22 (January 2019): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.29202/phil-cosm/22/10.
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Jeong, Yeonbo. "“The Forth Industrial Revolution” and Gender - Beyond Gender Essentialism and Technological Determinism -." Issues in Feminism 18, no. 2 (October 31, 2018): 3–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21287/iif.2018.10.18.2.3.
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Kim, Kiseon, Georgy Shevlyakov, Jea Soo Kim, Majeed Soufian, and Lyubov Statsenko. "Editorial for Special Issue: Underwater Acoustics, Communications, and Information Processing." Applied Sciences 9, no. 22 (November 14, 2019): 4873. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9224873.
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Tan, Shen Kian, and Sivan Rajah. "Evoking Work Motivation in Industry 4.0." SAGE Open 9, no. 4 (July 2019): 215824401988513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244019885132.
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Many scholars are commenting the impossibility of high technologies to replace human at work. To motivate people to cope with variety of organizational and work changes in the dawn of forth industrial revolution, the science of motivation remains the key to answers. As the dissimilar of current industrial context and work content are leaving doubts on empirical findings collected in earlier industrial landscape, this article was written for two purposes: first is to synthesis development of behavioral science in the four stages of industrial revolution, while the second is to suggest future researches on work motivation in current industrial context. It is hopes that this article will enlighten researchers to conduct more empirical studies on work behaviors in this new industrial landscape.
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Dangana, Muhammad, Shuja Ansari, Qammer H. Abbasi, Sajjad Hussain, and Muhammad Ali Imran. "Suitability of NB-IoT for Indoor Industrial Environment: A Survey and Insights." Sensors 21, no. 16 (August 5, 2021): 5284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21165284.
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The Internet of Things (IoT) and its applications in industrial settings are set to bring in the fourth industrial revolution. The industrial environment consisting of high profile manufacturing plants and a variety of equipment is inherently characterized by high reflectiveness, causing significant multi-path components that affect the propagation of wireless communications—a challenge among others that needs to be resolved. This paper provides a detailed insight into Narrow-Band IoT (NB-IoT), Industrial IoT (IIoT), and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) within the context of indoor industrial environments. It presents the applications of NB-IoT for industrial settings, such as the challenges associated with these applications. Furthermore, future research directions were put forth in the areas of NB-IoT network management using self-organizing network (SON) technology, edge computing for scalability enhancement, security in NB-IoT generated data, and proposing a suitable propagation model for reliable wireless communications.
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김수경, Sanghee Kim, and 이경화. "Ethical Issues in the Forth Industrial Revolution and the Enhancement of Bioethics Education in Korean Universities." Korean Journal of Medical Ethics 21, no. 4 (December 2018): 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.35301/ksme.2018.21.4.34.
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오승한. "The Methods for Invigorating Big data Industry and Reinforcing Privacy Right under the Forth-industrial Revolution." Ajou Law Review 11, no. 4 (February 2018): 369–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.21589/ajlaw.2018.11.4.369.
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Kurniawan, Anis, Amat Mukhadis, and Widiyanti Widiyanti. "21st Century Skills sebagai Upaya Pengembangan Kapabilitas Siswa SMK di Fourth Industrial Revolution Era." Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, dan Pengembangan 4, no. 7 (July 30, 2019): 857. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/jptpp.v4i7.12614.
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<p class="Abstrak"><strong>Abstract:</strong> The high number of job seekers and low-level students who dare to become job creators indicates that the capabilities of vocational students in the fourth industrial revolution era are very low. This research aims at finding out the contribution of 21st century skills to the capabilities of vocational students. The research employed with quantitative approach, uses a test of causality relationship with correlation and regression analysis techniques. The results showed that 21st century skills had a causal relationship with students' abilities significantly. The contribution of 23% showed that 21st century skills were an alternative solution in developing student capabilities in the era of the fourth industrial revolution.</p><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Tingginya angka pengangguran pencari kerja (<em>job seeker</em>) lulusan SMK dan sedikit siswa yang berani menjadi pencipta lapangan kerja (<em>job creator</em>) mengindikasikan bahwa kapabilitas siswa SMK di era revolusi industri keempat (<em>forth industrial revolution era</em>) sangat rendah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sumbangan <em>21<sup>st</sup> century skills </em>sebagai upaya dalam mengembangkan kapabilitas siswa. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif menggunakan uji hubungan kausalitas dengan teknik analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa <em>21<sup>st</sup> century skills</em> memiliki hubungan kausal dengan kapabilitas siswa secara signifikan. Besar sumbangan 23% menunjukkan bahwa<em> 21<sup>st</sup> century skills</em> merupakan solusi alternatif dalam mengembangkan kapabilitas siswa di era revolusi industri keempat.
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Berry, A. J., and Shelagh M. Smith. "Aspects of the molluscan fauna of the rocky shores of the Firth of Forth and Forth estuary, Scotland." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 93, no. 3-4 (1987): 431–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000006862.
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SynopsisMolluscan species diversity decreased westward from the North Sea into the Forth with decreasing diversity of habitats, decreasing algae and increasing turbidity of water. Species diversity varied little from year to year or seasonally at individual sites. Adult Littorina littorea in particular were larger at lower than at higher shore levels, and larger in the outer than the inner firth or estuary, while Nucella lapillus adults were of more uniform size throughout the area.Population parameters and reproductive output of L. littorea and L. saxatilis in the estuary varied without strict relation to mere position between open firth and up-estuary sites. On the other hand, shells of L. saxatilis became progressively wider, breeding seasons of L. littorea were longer and less defined, breeding in L. saxatilis became more sharply seasonal and eggs of L. saxatilis had greater weight, calorific value and inorganic content at up-estuary sites. L. littoreashowed two-weekly peaks in spawning on spring tides while L. saxatilis showed monthly peaks in release of young near times of full moon.Comparison of fresh material and stranded shells with material from beach deposits up to 5500′ years old indicates changes in populations with changes in climate about 550 BC. Size of Littorina spp. continued to decrease while numbers of Mytilus edulis increased greatly near the onset of the industrial revolution.
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Das*, Amlan. "Implementation of Industry 4.0 Revolution through Skill Development– A Blessing for Local for Vocal in Covid-19 Pandemic." Regular issue 10, no. 7 (May 30, 2021): 158–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.g9058.0510721.
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We are amidst a noteworthy change with respect to the manner in which we make items, because of the digitization of assembling. This change is convincing to the point that it is being called Industry 4.0 to speak to the fourth insurgency that has happened in assembling. Industry 4.0 is flagging an adjustment in the conventional assembling scene. Otherwise called the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Industry 4.0 envelops three mechanical patterns driving this change: network, insight and adaptable robotization. Industry 4.0 portrays the developing pattern towards computerization and information trade in innovation and cycles inside the assembling business, including: The Internet of Things (IoT), The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), Cyber-physical Systems (CPS), Smart Manufacturing, Smart Factories, Cloud Computing, Additive Manufacturing, Big Data, Robotics, Cognitive Computing, Artificial Intelligence and Block chain and so forth. This mechanization makes an assembling framework whereby the machines in manufacturing plants are increased with remote network and sensors to screen and picture a whole creation cycle and settle on independent choices. In this paper we are worry about how aptitude and ability of human asset can be grown with the goal that we can conquer this pandemic circumstance effectively. Delicate abilities for taking care of these forthcoming new innovation inserted framework must be taken consideration and carefully instilled by human asset with the goal that simple smooth of efficiency just as hole crossing over of flexibly and request can be conceivable. Skill development should be considered as prioritizing factor for this.
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Marzano, Gilberto, and Luis Ochoa Siguencia. "INDUSTRY 4.0:SOCIAL CHALLENGES AND RISKS." ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 2 (June 17, 2021): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2021vol2.6546.
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Industry 4.0 is a term first introduced by the German government during the Hannover Messe fair in 2011 when it launched an initiative to support German industry in tackling future challenges. It refers to the 4th industrial revolution in which disruptive digital technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Internet of Everything (IoE), robotics, virtual reality (VR), and artificial intelligence (AI), are impacting industrial production.The new industrial paradigms of Industry 4.0 demand a socio-technical evolution of the human role in production systems, in which all working activities of the value chain will be performed with smart approaches.However, the automation of processes can have unpredictable effects.Nowadays, in a smart factory, the role of human operators is often only to control and supervise the automated processes. This new condition of workers brought forth a paradox: malfunctions or irregularities in the automated production process are rare but challenging.This article discusses the challenges and risks that the 4th industrial revolution is bringing to society.It introduces the concept of the Irony of Automation. This propounds that the more reliable an automated system, the less human operators have to do and, consequently, the less attention they pay to the system while it is operating.The authors go on to discuss the human-centered approach to automation, whose purpose is not necessarily to automate previously manual functions but, rather, to enhance user effectiveness and reduce errors.
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Le, Anh-Vinh, Duc-Lan Do, Duc-Quang Pham, Phuong-Hanh Hoang, Thu-Huong Duong, Hoai-Nam Nguyen, Thu-Trang Vuong, et al. "Exploration of Youth’s Digital Competencies: A Dataset in the Educational Context of Vietnam." Data 4, no. 2 (May 14, 2019): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data4020069.
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The recent surge of the Fourth Industrial Revolution has set forth demands for a new generation of the labor force with a comprehensive set of skills to meet the standards of the global market. Despite widespread concerns about educational reforms and renovations to enhance the workforce capacity in terms of information and communication technology (ICT) skills, research into the digital proficiencies of students has been limited in Vietnam. This dataset contains 1061 observations on the digital competency level of 10th-grade students in 20 surveyed schools from five provinces in Vietnam. The investigation, joining frequentist and Bayesian analyses, aims to provide valuable insights into the current state of children’s attitudes, behaviors, competency levels, and use of ICT within the Vietnamese educational context. The values of the dataset lie in its proposed scientific framework for replication in multiple regions and contexts as well as the feasibility of categorical regression techniques together with Bayesian statistics for hierarchical regression analysis.
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Lugachev, Mihail. "Information Revolutions, Economics and Economic Education." Moscow University Economics Bulletin 2017, no. 4 (August 31, 2017): 142–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/01300105201747.
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The concept of permanent revolution was formulated in the XIX century became a subject of constant debate in humanities circle. In contrast-scientific and technological revolutions are natural components at all steps of human development. Their permanence is commonly recognized imperative, followed by numerous confirmations with a convincing inevitability. Information and industrial revolutions taking place now in the world are such evidences. Experts declare today the fourth industrial revolution. Peter Drucker fairly predicted the fourth information revolution. It is interesting that the most important trait of both revolutions is the artificial intelligence which functions in the sphere of Big Data and Internet of Things. The application field (not the only) is the economy-its structure and content. Experts state the emergence of information capitalism and the information economy — innovations obtaining special and revolutional traits. The article is devoted to analysis of main components of the innovations and offers the ways how they should be reflected in the curriculum for modern economists and managers.
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SINGH, PRABHAKAR. "FROM ‘NARCISSISTIC’ POSITIVE INTERNATIONAL LAW TO ‘UNIVERSAL’ NATURAL INTERNATIONAL LAW: THE DIALECTICS OF ‘ABSENTEE COLONIALISM’." African Journal of International and Comparative Law 16, no. 1 (March 2008): 56–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e0954889008000066.
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The classic notions of antiquity had very imperfect notions of international justice. With the Greeks and Romans, ‘foreigners’ and ‘Barbarians’ or ‘enemy’ were synonymous in language and in fact. By their rude theory of public law, the persons of alien were doomed to slavery (…) piracy was unblushingly practised by the most civilized states which then existed (…) Grecian philosophers gravely assert that they (barbarians or foreigners) were intended by nature to be the slaves of the Greeks.1 ‘Colonialism’ has been the first gift of science to the non-European world. Developments in natural science through inventions set the pace for industrial revolution in Europe. The industrial revolution, further, set the sail for discovering new markets, resources and raw materials. An attempt to find markets and materials exposed the fragile Asian and African states to the imperial designs of colonisers, hidden in the garb of civilisers and merchants. The marriage of ‘mercantilism’ and ‘civilisationalism’ on the Asian and African soil fertilised by advances in science gave birth to colonialism. This ‘couple’ conceived many a time and brought forth ‘cultural’ and ‘military’ subjugation, servility, racism and interference into the sovereignty and society of the unexcavated soil of Asia and Africa. This family soon spread in the world what we now know as ‘the Empire’.
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Et.al, Adrian U. Bugay. "Learnings from a Lesson Study in Using Discovery Learning in Teaching the Mean of Grouped Data." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 3 (April 10, 2021): 3847–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i3.1673.
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This paper probes, through a Lesson Study, how discovery learning and contextualized problems can be employed in teaching the mean of grouped data. The research lesson was implemented Grade 7 students of a national high school in Calamba City, Laguna, Philippines. Through thematic analysis, three issues emerged from conducting the Lesson Study: (1) making meaning about the data in context fosters students’ mathematical understanding; (2) translating 21st century learning in the classroom with technical topics like the mean of group data can be done by shifting the focal point of the lesson on its importance and applications in life; and (3) identifying the critical points of a lesson is an indispensable process that teachers need to undergo in designing learning activities that promote 21st century learning and relevant to the demands of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. This study demonstrated how Lesson Study is an effective professional development intervention that allows teachers to view the learning process in a wider perspective, strengthen their skills in designing efficacious lessons, and bring forth change in their teaching practices via reflective stances on lessons.
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Bertola, Paola, and Jose Teunissen. "Fashion 4.0. Innovating fashion industry through digital transformation." Research Journal of Textile and Apparel 22, no. 4 (December 3, 2018): 352–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rjta-03-2018-0023.
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Purpose The on-going transition of societies and economies toward different organizational paradigms deeply informed by digital technologies is at the very center of current debates, involving scholars and impacting on a broad context of disciplines, ranging from humanities to science and technology. Therefore, the so-called “Fourth Industrial Revolution” has been described as a model where new modes of production and consumption will dramatically transform all major industrial systems; it has been targeted by many governmental plans as a goal for a sustainable future. While general frameworks describing 4.0 paradigm are codified and accessible, implementation strategies and their implications on specific local and sectorial systems are largely unexplored. Starting from this assumption, this paper aims to provide insights on the current state of the art and major trends of the “Fourth Industrial Revolution”, possibly identifying its impacts on the textile and apparel industry. Design/methodology/approach From a methodological standpoint, the study approaches the topic from the perspective of fashion domain experts which can contribute, with a positioning essay, to better understanding Industry 4.0 (I4.0) implementation within their specific domain. This experts’ perspective is enriched by several descriptive case studies (Yin, 1984) offering examples and insights on possible implementation of I4.0 solutions in fashion industry, also showing the potential of a design driven perspective. Findings Starting from a synthesis of I4.0 framework and principles, the paper aims at showing their impacts on business units, processes and components within the specific context of the fashion industry. Through emerging evidences detected by experts’ domain perspective and exemplified by several descriptive cases, it offers a comprehensive overview of the potential implications of the Forth Industrial Revolution on this specific business. The picture drafted clearly shows how digital transformation, properly driven, could reshape the fashion industry into a more sustainable and truly customer-driven business. But, it also underlines criticalities and slowness of adoption by traditional established brands and companies. As a result, being focused on on-going phenomena, highly unexplored, it shows possible trajectories, enabling an effective transformation of textile and apparel industry embracing the I4.0 paradigm. Originality/value The paper has a broad perspective and could offer insights to different audiences, which could effectively contribute to a positive transition, to scholars and academics, who might want to better address the implementation of I4.0 model into real economic and social context, focusing on medium – long-term implications and showing innovation pathways which are still unexplored, second to practitioners, who are usually immersed into strict silos of competences and business functions and can start to build new bridges and interconnection within the system, taking advantages of I4.0 potential, finally to policy-makers who can better shape development frameworks targeted to specific industries whose features require peculiar approaches and actions.
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Sidenko, V. "Global structural transformations and trends in Ukrainian economy. Part 2. Innovative Factors of Structural Change in the Context of the Forth Industrial Revolution." Ekonomìka ì prognozuvannâ 2018, no. 2 (July 15, 2018): 7–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/eip2018.02.007.
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MAMMEN, Asha Sara. "Engaging With Influential Thinkers: Educational Philosophies and Policies Enduring the Test of Time." WISDOM 16, no. 3 (December 28, 2020): 215–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/wisdom.v16i3.390.
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Literature spanning from the time of the third and fourth industrial revolution mentions how modernity has, in many ways, made circumstances profoundly better for humanity than what used to be in the historic and ancient worlds. Nevertheless, extant literature also speaks of how the manifested benefits of modernity inculcated ills that stand in the way of humanity being humane and of exercising human personhood. This article puts forth a consoling and a divine virtue - wisdom and wisdom philosophy - thoughts based on wisdom to bridge the gap between getting progressive and being humane. Curiosity thereby wisdom; starts with wonder, as resonated in child and man - whereby aiming to be inculcated and embedded, at a stage, when one is mostly trainable and adaptable lies the objective of this essay - to reignite one’s mind to the philosophical values of influential thinkers, explore of its existence, relevance and its purpose for modern humanity. A qualitative methodology was employed to gather information supplemented by knowledge from archived literature. This scholarly piece of writing discusses an approach using as an analogy - the fulcrum, load and effort mechanism to embed wisdom based philosophy thoughts and practices in educational policies for the stakeholders of knowledge.
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Chatrath, Harsha. "WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE PIMPRI CHINCHWAD, PUNE, INDIA." Green Chemistry & Technology Letters 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 01. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/gctl.2017.311.
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Purpose: To create awareness about utilization of waste Methodology: Survey of utilization of garbage at international level with special reference to Pimpri Chinchwad area of PuneFindings: Garbage can is utilized for making manure, vermin compost, generating electricity, etc.Social/ Academic Implications: Clean India Green IndiaOriginality/Novelty of article: Recycling of all types of garbage for fruitful utilization.The beginning of civilization led to development around river banks. Things could be managed during those days as people lived in harmony with nature. The scenario changed with industrialization which started creating havoc at the end of 19th century when the industrial revolution took the world of the consumer by leaps and bounds, which led to the concentration of population packets in and around the industrial areas. This rapid change in the development brought forth many challenges before the planning authorities especially the provision of basic amenities and hygienic place of living. The biggest challenge before the administration was and is to manage the waste generated by this large population. The solid waste generation has become a continuous global problem at all levels throughout the world. [1]
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Jadhav, Viraj Vijay, Ravindra Mahadeokar, and Dr S. D. Bhoite. "The Fourth Industrial Revolution I4.0 in India: Challenges and Opportunities." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Special Issue, Special Issue-FIIIIPM2019 (March 20, 2019): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd23076.
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Kohnová, Lucia, and Nikola Salajová. "Industrial Revolutions and their impact on managerial practice: Learning from the past." Problems and Perspectives in Management 17, no. 2 (June 25, 2019): 462–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.17(2).2019.36.
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Technological changes that come with industrial revolution have largely affected businesses, as well as society. With the current technological shift and Fourth Industrial Revolution, many questions arise regarding the impacts and effects on current ways businesses operate. This study presents a retrospective analysis and overview of previous industrial revolutions. The aim of the retrospective analysis is to identify common characteristics that may lead to lessons learned for the forthcoming Fourth Industrial Revolution and thus complement the current debate on technological change. All previous industrial revolutions have led to change in business environments and new challenges for managers and owners. The findings show that all previous revolutions have led to increase in the number of service jobs created. The key approach of successful countries during the times of industrial revolution has included education as the source of new skills and knowledge necessary for adaption. Countries that were able to produce high skilled people could not only invent, but also adapt to new technologies sooner than others. Similarly, these approaches included introduction of new managerial practices in order to be able to utilize new technologies and new skilled workers effectively. The research article processes secondary data together with literature review on this topic.
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Potente, Till, Thomas Jasinski, and Bartholomaeus Wolff. "Productivity Increase through Industrialization of Overhead in Cyber-Physical Production Systems." Advanced Materials Research 769 (September 2013): 359–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.769.359.
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The importance of knowledge workers and management staff in manufacturing companies is increasing due to a rising complexity within indirect business processes. As a result, current overhead costs account for most of the overall manufacturing costs. Despite this fact manufacturing companies disregard the productivity potentials of their indirect areas and focus predominantly on the optimisation of shop-floor processes.Cyber-physical systems constitute a technological paradigm of the current forth industrial revolution and promise a further push of labour productivity in the upcoming decades. We expand the vision of cyber-physical production systems on business processes and develop a mathematical approach to predict and analyse productivity potentials of management staff in the context of emerging cyber-physical production systems. The core element of the presented model states the collaborative productivity between people, people and smart devices and between these smart devices themselves.
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Maresova, Petra, Ivan Soukal, Libuse Svobodova, Martina Hedvicakova, Ehsan Javanmardi, Ali Selamat, and Ondrej Krejcar. "Consequences of Industry 4.0 in Business and Economics." Economies 6, no. 3 (August 9, 2018): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies6030046.
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The introduction of information technology into all aspects of our lives has brought forth qualitative and quantitative changes on such a large scale that this process has come to be known as the Fourth Industrial Revolution, or Industry 4.0. The aim of this paper is to fill in the gaps and provide an overview of studies dealing with Industry 4.0 from the business and economic perspectives. A scoping review is performed regarding business, microeconomic and macroeconomic economic problems. Four investigators performed a literature search of the Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct. The selected period spanned from 2014 to 2018, and the following keywords were used for the search: Industry 4.0, economics, economic development, production economics, and financial sector. A total of 2275 results were returned. In all, 67 full papers were screened. Results obtained from the relevant studies were, furthermore, divided into the following categories: work and skills development; economy growth and macroeconomic aspect; sustainability; intelligent manufacturing; policy; and change in business processes. Findings show that the aspects of work and skills development, smart technology adoption, intelligent manufacturing, and digitalization are very well described. The government and its policies usually play the role of a needed supportive element. Usually studies lack a coherent view of the topic in question and solve partial questions.
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Yoo, Jee Young, and Lauren Goodwyn. "The Physiological Consequences of Hypovitaminosis D." Journal of Student Research 7, no. 1 (December 21, 2018): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47611/jsr.v7i1.406.
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During the industrial revolution in the United States, speculations arose surrounding ultraviolet radiation and its inverse relationship to the alarmingly increasing prevalence of rickets, a bone disease in children that we now know is caused by a lack of vitamin D. However, prior to the 20th century, it was nearly impossible to simply identify biological forms of vitamins or hormones (Holick, 2010). It was inconceivable to set forth a list of dietary essentials and their roles in the human body. With the aid of modern technology, the ability to ascertain vitamin D’s chemical form and origins became a reality. Today, a large fraction of the field of endocrine research aims to find links between vitamin D and diseases. The purpose of this paper is to list some of the associated ailments that transpire alongside inadequate levels of vitamin D, and in turn, emphasize the importance of supplementation to prevent such occurrences.
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Xu, Min, Jeanne M. David, and Suk Hi Kim. "The Fourth Industrial Revolution: Opportunities and Challenges." International Journal of Financial Research 9, no. 2 (February 5, 2018): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v9n2p90.
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The fourth industrial revolution, a term coined by Klaus Schwab, founder and executive chairman of the World Economic Forum, describes a world where individuals move between digital domains and offline reality with the use of connected technology to enable and manage their lives. (Miller 2015, 3) The first industrial revolution changed our lives and economy from an agrarian and handicraft economy to one dominated by industry and machine manufacturing. Oil and electricity facilitated mass production in the second industrial revolution. In the third industrial revolution, information technology was used to automate production. Although each industrial revolution is often considered a separate event, together they can be better understood as a series of events building upon innovations of the previous revolution and leading to more advanced forms of production. This article discusses the major features of the four industrial revolutions, the opportunities of the fourth industrial revolution, and the challenges of the fourth industrial revolution.
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Ojo-Fafore, Elizabeth, Clinton Aigbavboa, and Wellington Thwala. "The Impact of the Covid 19 Pandemic on the Development of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in Southern Africa." Journal of Intellectual Disability - Diagnosis and Treatment 9, no. 1 (March 12, 2021): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2021.09.01.7.
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The fourth industrial revolution (4IR) is gradually gaining momentum in a wide range, and as it gathers pace, innovations are becoming faster, more efficient, and widely accessible than before. However, due to the outbreak of Covid 19, the world had seen a shift in the traditional ways in all aspects of human activities, especially in the socio-economic sector. This paper explores the effect of Covid19 on the development of the fourth industrial revolution in the Southern African region and will review the literature on pandemic and its effect on industrial revolutions. It will also review the literature on the fourth industrial revolution, the spread of the Covid 19 pandemic, and its effect on the development of the fourth industrial revolution in Southern Africa.
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Sagitov, S. T. "Social and Cultural Sphere and the Development of the Digital Economy." Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia 28, no. 10 (November 1, 2019): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.31992/0869-3617-2019-28-10-97-105.
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Digitalization affects all spheres and processes including socialization of personality, which were out of influence of digital technologies decades ago. At the same time, the science community analyses primarily the impact of digitalization on economy and IT sphere. There are less investigations of the new technologies’ influence on social and cultural sphere. Moreover, the scientists that research the spiritual life of our society leave it by the wayside. The prevailing opinion is that the digital technologies will be an impulse to the cultural Renaissance of Humankind.The article reports that the development of the social and cultural sphere is a critical part of the further technological development of the society. The wave development of the economy including the digital economy, depends on not only technologies, but on the cultural values. The success of the forth industrial revolution and its impact on the development of humankind are totally determined by the development of the culture, science and education.
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Moll, Ian. "The Myth of the Fourth Industrial Revolution." Theoria 68, no. 167 (June 1, 2021): 1–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/th.2021.6816701.
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This article argues that there is no such phenomenon as a Fourth Industrial Revolution. It derives a framework for the analysis of any industrial revolution from a careful historical account of the archetypal First Industrial Revolution. The suggested criteria for any socioeconomic transformation to be considered an industrial revolution are that it must encompass a technological revolution; a transformation of the labour process; a fundamental change in workplace relations; new forms of community and social relationships; and global socio-economic transformations. These transformations indeed characterise the Second and Third Industrial Revolutions. The aggregate of technical innovations in the latter is carefully examined, because this is a crucial part of determining whether we can meaningfully claim that a Fourth Industrial Revolution is underway. The article demonstrates that we cannot.
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Svishchova, Nataliia. "THE INFLUENCE OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ON THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS." Energy saving. Power engineering. Energy audit., no. 11-12(153-154) (May 9, 2021): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2313-8890.2020.11.05.
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The article provides an systematic analysis of the development of innovative technologies during the first, second, third and fourth industrial revolutions. The stages of industrialization, from the introduction of mechanical production equipment to digitalization and automation, to "Industry 4.0" with the establishment of links between all stakeholders. The essence of Industry 4.0 (the fourth industrial revolution) is defined. Two views on the influence of intellectual property on the development of industrial revolutions are considered: as those that led to a series of changes in all sectors of the economy and the spread of new patents and designs, and one that points to the shortcomings of patenting as a monopolistic deterrent to development and enforcement industrial revolutions. The conclusion on the influence of intellectual property on the development of industrial revolutions is stated. An analysis of the state and stages, achievements of industrial revolutions in Ukraine is given.
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Issawi, Charles. "Technology, Energy, and Civilization: Some Historical Observations." International Journal of Middle East Studies 23, no. 3 (August 1991): 281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743800056300.
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The degree of development (or, if you prefer, material civilization) of any society is set by the size of its surplus (the total amount it produces minus the amount needed for the bare subsistence of the population) and the uses to which the surplus is put. In Emerson's wise words, “The question of history is what each generation has done with its surplus produce. One bought crusades, one churches, one villas, one horses and one railroads.” The size of the surplus is, in turn, determined by four factors: the amount of energy available to the society, the society's technology, the mix of its economy, and the size of its population. Until comparatively recently, energy was, with the important exception of sailing ships, provided exclusively by human or animal power.1 Two important steps forward were the invention of the watermill and that of the windmill; their development will be discussed later. Nevertheless, it has been estimated that until the Industrial Revolution, some 80–85 percent of total energy was provided by plants, animals, and people.2 This means that the basic factors determining the amount of energy available to a society were the amount of land (arable, pasture, and woodland) it had at its disposal and the land's productivity. Land “was not simply the principal source of food for the population [the other being the seas and rivers] but also virtually the sole source of the raw materials used in industrial production”—fibers, hides, hair, wood, and so forth; almost all industrial workers were engaged in processing agricultural materials.
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Turan Özgür Güngör. "Vengeance of Nonhuman Beings: An Ecocritical Reading of Samuel Taylor Coleridge’ Work, “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”." International Journal of Social, Political and Economic Research 7, no. 2 (June 2, 2020): 359–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.46291/ijospervol7iss2pp359-371.
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These days environmental issues are among the most commonly reported ones in the world. The dangerous effects of the environmental problems, which are as old as the history of humanity, began to be felt more profoundly after the Industrial Revolution. In former times the environmental problems were felt only at a local level with the destruction of forests in order to facilitate hunting places and clear lands for farming areas. After the Industrial Revolution the extent of the problem rose and reached the catastrophic disaster level with the extensive fossil fuel use. Nowadays, when environment problems come into question, many people prefer using the term environmental disaster in place of the term environmental problems. This term, environmental disaster, may be remarkable enough to discern the severity of the problem. The role of literature in reaching the public cannot be denied. Ecocriticism tries to make use of this ability of literature in setting forth and expressing environment problems. Since both fictional and non-fictional literature can reach many people, the works which concern with the environmental problems may be beneficial to raise awareness and contribute to inform many people all over the world about the severity of these problems. Creating awareness is an important issue since many people are not aware of the fact that the nature is destroyed by humans, and they neglect that the harm to nature causes the harm to humanity concurrently since there has always been an indissoluble bond between ecosystem and humans. Humans cannot be dissociated from the natural world. In this study, some brief information about human related environment disasters, social organizations which were established to fight for the rights of nonhuman beings in nature, the function of literature in creating awareness among human beings, the efforts of creating ecological reading and the emergence of ecocritical literary criticism will be given. After discussing Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s contribution to nature writing and Romanticism briefly, “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” will be evaluated from an ecocritical perspective.
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Fuchs, Christian. "Industry 4.0: The Digital German Ideology." tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society 16, no. 1 (February 27, 2018): 280–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31269/triplec.v16i1.1010.
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Especially in Germany, a vivid public debate about “industry 4.0” has developed in recent years. It advances the argument that industry 4.0 is the fourth industrial revolution that follows on from technological revolutions brought about by water and steam power (industrial revolution 1.0), electric power (industrial revolution 2.0), and computing/computerised automation (industrial revolution 3.0). In 1845/46, Marx and Engels wrote The German Ideology. 170 years later, we live in the time of digital capitalism that has its own peculiar forms of ideology. This paper argues that “industry 4.0” is the new German ideology, the digital German ideology.
Image: By ChristophRoser, AllAboutLean.com, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
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Fuchs, Christian. "Industry 4.0: The Digital German Ideology." tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society 16, no. 1 (February 27, 2018): 280–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31269/vol16iss1pp280-289.
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Especially in Germany, a vivid public debate about “industry 4.0” has developed in recent years. It advances the argument that industry 4.0 is the fourth industrial revolution that follows on from technological revolutions brought about by water and steam power (industrial revolution 1.0), electric power (industrial revolution 2.0), and computing/computerised automation (industrial revolution 3.0). In 1845/46, Marx and Engels wrote The German Ideology. 170 years later, we live in the time of digital capitalism that has its own peculiar forms of ideology. This paper argues that “industry 4.0” is the new German ideology, the digital German ideology.
Image: By ChristophRoser, AllAboutLean.com, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
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Dewanarayana, FThilanka Baratha, and Wijitapure Wimalaratana. "INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS AND SHIFTING OF GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS." International Journal of Innovation and Industrial Revolution 3, no. 7 (June 15, 2021): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/ijirev.37003.
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Industrial revolutions marked rapid structural transformation in the manufacturing sector making changes to production processors and products while reshaping the lifestyle across the world. Industrial revolutions redefined the product identity of every individual economy with the changes of specializations acquired through different manufacturing sectors. Similarly, new sets of countries emerged as industrial input providers as well as output buyers. At the same time, the world specialization in the manufacturing sector diversified along with the expansion of global value chains. As a result, the final product is assembled in one location while a multitude of components is produced globally by different countries. The intention of the article is to examine the shift of global competitiveness throughout the last two decades with the emergence of the Fourth Industrial Revolutionary implications especially among Developed Economies and Newly Industrial Economies. The international competitiveness of a country is mainly decided by the relative cost of production. The relative cost is again decided by the productivity, availability of quality resources including labor, cost of doing business, favourable macroeconomic factors, and institutional factors. The main objective of this study is to focus the attention on the reshaping of the global competitiveness map along the timeline as a result of technological spikes known as industrial revolutions paying special attention to the fourth industrial revolution. The secondary sources are tapped for the necessary information and mixed-method is applied to analyze the gathered data. The implications of the fourth industrial revolution show the reshaping of the global competitiveness landscape faster than the previous industrial revolutions. Countries with more commercialized innovations, intellectual property rights, and adopting key technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data analytics, the internet of things, cloud computing, 3D printing, and simulations in production are at the forefront of the competitiveness in the manufacturing sector.
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Melnyk, Leonid Hr. "Disruptive Technologies in the Light of Socio-economic Revolutions: the EU and World Experience." Mechanism of an Economic Regulation, no. 3 (2019): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/mer.2019.85.09.
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The relevance of the work explains the need to promote advanced scientific knowledge in the context of accelerating scientific and technological progress. The purpose of the article is to reveal the main content of disruptive technologies and related socio-economic processes that occur during the three industrial revolutions. Based on a retrospective analysis of socio-economic revolutions in human history, the popular scientific essay explains the logic and development of technical and social systems. The article shows how the change of production forces and economic relations influences the ratio of individual components in the essential triad of man: bio-socio-labor. The content of the three industrial revolutions that humanity experiences today is revealed separately (Industry 3.0, Industry 4.0, Industry 5.0). It is explained that the works that launched these revolutions took place in the European countries. In particular, the Third Industrial Revolution is aimed at solving the problems of the global environmental crisis. The key transformation tools are alternative energy, additive technologies based on 3D printers, horizontal network structures of production and consumption. The main direction of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is the creation of a unified network of cyber-physical systems capable of working without humans. One of its leading forms is the Internet of Things. The humanization of socio-economic development is a key objective of the Fifth Industrial Revolution, which is focused on achieving the maximum realization of the creative potential of the human-social basis. The focus is on the key processes of the three industrial revolutions and the changes that take place in the essential triad of man. This article is a popular scientific essay. Key words: industrial revolution, disruptive technology, personality, human-bio, human-socio, human-labor, cyber-physical system.
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Piątkowski, Marcin J. "Expectations and Challenges in the Labour Market in the Context of Industrial Revolution 4.0. The Agglomeration Method-Based Analysis for Poland and Other EU Member States." Sustainability 12, no. 13 (July 6, 2020): 5437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12135437.
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Technological revolution brings forth major changes in the labour market as well as the necessity to adapt to the shifting conditions on the part of both employees and entrepreneurs. This notion fits in with the European Policy of “Lifelong Learning” which presents the necessity to constantly improve skills and participate in the process of learning through the entire period of professional engagement. The aim of the article is to diagnose the current situation in the labour market and expectations towards employees as a result of the technological revolution and digitization, and to analyze whether there are groups of countries in the EU with similar features describing the labour market and to present the differences between these groups. The study uses research methods based on literature research, content analysis and comparative analysis, and the empirical part uses cluster analysis—the Ward method, using secondary statistical data from the Eurostat database. It was verified which groups of the Member States exhibited similarities to the extent of: forms of employment; work productivity; commitment of entrepreneurs and employees to the process of continuing vocational training (CVT) and lifelong learning; educating future employees of the economy at the level of higher education (HE) in STEM fields and development of digital skills as well as commitment of governments of each EU Member State to financing research and development in higher education institutions (HEIs). It may be ascertained that the average values of variables describing the pattern followed by “new” Member States which joined the EU in 2004 or later are, in majority, lower than the values of the same variables describing the pattern followed by the “old” Member States. It cannot be unambiguously stated that the affiliation with the Eurozone in any way determined whether a given group of Member States is better or worse than the other. The resulting figures may become significant at the stage of developing the employment policy as well as the education policy and the professional career development policy in the respective Member States. Those results may be applied to both evaluation and planning of actions to be taken against the background of the development strategy in order to reduce clearly visible inequalities between the European Union Member States.
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Jideani, Afam I. O., Awelani P. Mutshinyani, Ntsako P. Maluleke, Zwivhuya P. Mafukata, Mkateko V. Sithole, Mashudu U. Lidovho, Edwin K. Ramatsetse, and Monica M. Matshisevhe. "Impact of Industrial Revolutions on Food Machinery - An Overview." Journal of Food Research 9, no. 5 (July 29, 2020): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v9n5p42.
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The industrial revolutions occurring at specific periods impacted differently on food industry machinery, including analytical and innovative scientific equipment, and had significant effects on food manufacturing. The fourth industrial revolution (4IR) unlike the other industrial revolutions (1IR, 2IR, and 3IR) has a faster significant impact and niches on artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), blockchain, robotics, the internet of things (IoT), digitalization, big data, autonomous vehicles, additive manufacturing, nanotechnology, biotechnology, and 3D food printing technologies. Going forward would require more mechatronic engineers as process technicians, particularly in paperless processes and automation of the digital rich future.
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Ratajczak, Marek, and Beata Woźniak-Jęchorek. "Rewolucje przemysłowe i ich wpływ na rozwój ekonomii." Studia BAS 3, no. 63 (2020): 25–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31268/studiabas.2020.20.
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The main aim of this article is to present industrial revolutions and their socio-economic consequences for the development of economics as a science. Special attention is given to showing the main characteristics of each revolution and presenting major changes in economic theories. The authors argue that the full picture of all shifts in economics, society and lives of individuals can be only visible from a long-term perspective. Therefore, it is difficult to determine the stage and the consequences of the current fourth industrial revolution for socio-economic development and evolution of economic theories.
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Tolstykh, T. O., and E. V. Shkarupeta. "To a question of development of the scenario of breakthrough development of the industrial enterprises in the conditions of the fourth industrial revolution." Russian Journal of Industrial Economics 11, no. 4 (December 25, 2018): 346–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2018-4-346-352.
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The fourth industrial revolution gives hope for continuation of development of human society which has already led to sharp improvement of quality of life of billions of people after 1800. To achieve it, collaboration of a set of interested parties is necessary for performance of three main tasks: it is fair to distribute the benefits from technological breaks, to constrain their inevitable negative effects and to guarantee that new technologies will expand, but not to limit a possibility of all inhabitants of Earth. The fourth industrial revolution represents a new stage in development of humanity. Her base – three previous industrial revolutions, and driving force – the growing availability of the latest technologies. This revolution only begins therefore the mankind can – and is obliged – not only to develop new technologies, but also to create more flexible forms of government and positive values which will change how we live we work and we communicate. Customization, change of balance of forces between the value of experience of certain designers and value of digital models, decentralization of design and production, new requirements to certification – all these changes become a reality of the global competitive industry. Theoretical and practical aspects of development and implementation of the scenario of breakthrough technological development of the industrial enterprises in the conditions of the Fourth industrial revolution are presented in article. The characteristic and distinctive features of the Fourth industrial revolution is considered on the basis of what the conclusion is drawn that breakthrough technological development can give huge advantages to economy and society. When developing the scenario of technological breakthrough by authors it is offered to use bilateral approach which it is possible to call the strategy of scaling (zoom-in, zoomout). The most perspective directions which the industrial enterprises need to develop for implementation of the scenario of digital transformation today are allocated.
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Averina, Irina. "Evolution of the “Industrial Revolution” Phenomenon: Prerequisites and Factors." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika, no. 4 (February 2021): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2020.4.2.
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The article analyzes the evolution of the “Industrial Revolution” phenomenon, which makes it possible to form the author’s position on the phenomenon under study, contributing to the transformation of the economic system of society at similar stages of its development as a whole. Four Industrial Revolutions are analyzed in terms of the existing prerequisites for the transition in accordance with the time intervals of each of them, as well as the factors that influenced the analyzed phenomenon. The main features of the first (18th – 19th centuries), second (second half of the 19th century – early 20th century), third (1960 – the first decade of the 21st century), fourth (2011 – up to the present time) industrial revolutions are defined. Based on the system analysis, the components of each of the industrial revolutions are identified, as well as the factors (hindering their development or having a beneficial effect on it) that have had a different impact on them. The economic and institutional aspects of all industrial revolutions are reflected, as well as their impact on economic systems on a global and national scale is shown. As a result of the study, the features of the development of economic systems at various levels that accompany the “entry” of states into the realities of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 were revealed, and the possibilities of their further adaptation and transformation in the future were indicated.
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Van Thong, Le, and Vu Trinh The Quan. "The Vietnamese Economy in the Industrial Revolution 4.0." Science & Technology Development Journal - Economics - Law and Management 3, no. 4 (January 9, 2020): 360–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjelm.v3i4.577.
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Mankind has undergone three scientific and technical revolutions and is now embarking on the fourth (also known as the Industrial Revolution 4.0). Globalization forces companies to review and innovate their production processes in the direction of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 – the integration of tools such as artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, etc. which are connected globally through digital data transmission. In spite of being in the new revolution, Vietnam is yet to utilize the achievements of the second and especially the third revolution. At the same time, it is expected that Vietnam is among the hardest hit countries due to its unreadiness in all aspects. This paper aims to (1) provide an overview of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, (ii) evaluate the influence of the revolution on Vietnam, and (iii) analyze opportunities and challenges for Vietnam's economy. A number of recommendations to develop Vietnam's economy in the near future is also provided, including: (1) Changing education and training strategies to be in line with the Industrial Revolution 4.0, especially the undergraduate education; (2) Having appropriate science and technology development strategy to increase labor productivity and build a foundation for advanced science and technology; and (3) strengthening the role of the State.
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Abdulraheem-Mustapha, Mariam Adepeju. "4IR and Right to Education in Nigeria: Synergybetween Legal Instruments and Stem Education." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 3 (April 11, 2021): 2286–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i3.1198.
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Laws and policies have important roles to play in advancing the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) through Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) research in Nigeria. STEM education and knowledge brings about development by converging scholars across the world with recent research discoveries. In order for Nigeria to reap the maximum benefits from the 4IR, its legal system must come in line with the principles advanced by the 4IR. It is important to state that the laws which have been enacted before the contemporary era are inadequate and obsolete.
Education (STEM education inclusive) which will benefit the most from thenewrevolution would demand new legal instrumentsthat are adequate and effective to cater for the legal and policy demands of the 4IR by bringing forth a more current and inclusive legal protection for all the relevant beneficiaries. Using doctrinal methodology, thispaperexamines4IR and right to education in Nigeria with a view to establishing the relationship between the legal instruments and STEM education with the objective of advancing the agenda of the relevance of all fields of education for the next generation.The paper is divided into six sections and the findings show that, education (STEM education inclusive) is bedeviled with many challenges andthe extant laws are inadequate to solve them.Thus, making the goal of 4IR unachievable in Nigeria. To reach the greatest dexterities in all works of life, the paper concludes by bringing the significance of laws and policies that wouldaccommodate free STEM education in secondary and tertiary school levels in order to answer the call for 4IR. It recommends research collaboration across STEM fields for integrated curriculum and an amendment of the Constitution. It also advocates for gender equality and investing more in STEM education for having a transformative shift in Nigeria for the purpose of achieving 4IR.
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Prushkivska, Emiliia, and Artem Tkachuk. "THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND EMPLOYMENT MODIFICATION IN UKRAINE." INNOVATIVE ECONOMY, no. 5-6 (August 2020): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37332/2309-1533.2020.5-6.2.
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Purpose. The aim of the article is to assess the impact of Industry 4.0 on employment in Ukraine and the world. The following tasks are set to achieve this goal: to analyse the historical impact of industrial revolutions on employment, including the characteristics of changes in its structure, as well as professional composition; highlight how the fourth industrial revolution differs from the previous three; consider the structure of available vacancies in Ukraine and assess how the national labour market is subject to automation. Methodology of research. This article uses the historical and logical unity method to analyse the impact of industrial revolutions on employment, as well as a comparison method to highlight the distinguishing features of Industry 4.0. A graphical method is applied to assess the sectorial structure of vacancies prone to automation in Ukraine. Findings. Industry 4.0 has been found to have common and distinctive features of the impact on employment with the previous three industrial revolutions. The structure of employment at different historical stages is analysed. It was found out that its structure is actively changing now; new professions and whole branches of application of human labour are appearing. The structure of the labour market in Ukraine is considered. It has been proved that Industry 4.0 can exacerbate inequalities between different sections of the population and lead to the disappearance of a large number of occupations, which today employ half of the workforce of national economies. Originality. An analytical approach to the definition of professions that are most prone to automation in the context of the fourth industrial revolution in the Ukrainian labour market has received further development. This approach simultaneously takes into account modern foreign practices and the national statistical base. Practical value. The obtained results in the course of the study can be used in the development of state programs to support employment in the national economy. Since people will require retraining and additional training due to the special propensity of their professions to automation and computerization. In addition, the obtained data can be used to determine the priority areas of state funding for educational institutions, which in the future will reduce youth unemployment. Key words: employment, the fourth industrial revolution, Industry 4.0, national economy, influence, industry structure, automation, computerization.
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Lazanyi, Kornelia, and Maya Lambovska. "READINESS FOR INDUSTRY 4.0 RELATED CHANGES: A CASE STUDY OF THE VISEGRAD FOUR." Ekonomicko-manazerske spektrum 14, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 100–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/ems.2020.2.100-113.
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Industrial revolution refers to a period in human history in which revolutionary scientific discoveries and inventions that affect the functioning of society as a whole take place. Changes resulting from industrial revolutions sooner or later affect all sectors of the economy. The Fourth Industrial Revolution, also known as Industry 4.0, has brought with it many changes. Industry 4.0 has spread rapidly and has become a current phenomenon. Within the theoretical part of the contribution, the authors deal with development, definition, and comparison of industrial revolutions. The aim of the contribution is to examine the readiness of the Visegrad Four countries for changes connected with Industry 4.0. Several national initiatives responding to Industry 4.0 have been launched across Europe in recent years. Their purpose is to regulate the realization of Industry 4.0 and its consequences. Almost every member state of the European Union has its own national initiative, responding to Industry 4.0. Within the practical part of the contribution, authors focused on initiatives responding to Industry 4.0 in the V4 countries. To examine the readiness of the V4 countries for the challenges related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution - Industry 4.0, secondary data - The Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) - was used, as well as a z-score calculation. The resulting z-scores show which countries currently achieve the best results in terms of the Drivers of Production values when compared to the GDP per capita. To see how each country is doing compared to the mean value of the respective indicators, z-scores were calculated for each of them.
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Görçün, Ömer Faruk. "The Rise of Smart Factories in the Fourth Industrial Revolution and Its Impacts on the Textile Industry." International Journal of Materials, Mechanics and Manufacturing 6, no. 2 (April 2018): 136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijmmm.2018.6.2.363.
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Han, Jaebum, Chunshik Oh, and Yunho Shinn. "A Study on Workers’ Perception of Job Changes in the Fourth Industrial Revolution: Focusing on Forest Industry." Journal of Humanities and Social sciences 21 12, no. 4 (August 31, 2021): 3201–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22143/hss21.12.4.227.
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DAVUTOĞLU, Naci Atalay. "THE RESTRUCTURING OF THE ADMINISTRATIONAL-ORGANISATIONAL APPROACHES OF BUSINESSES IN THE PROCESS OF INDUSTRY 4.0." Volume 7, Issue 4 7, no. 4 (October 31, 2020): 361–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15637/jlecon.7.027.
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Industrial revolutions have long since been mandatory for humanity in order to adapt to the age and innovations, resulting in the search of new ways to sustain productivity. Regardless of the line of business or the historical background of a sector, the concept of industrial revolution underlies the historical development of all sectors. The main reason is that production sustainability occurs when humanity presents their products at the same time announcing them. Consequently, new ideas, creations and revolutions can develop. Based on this, the first Industrial Revolution developed as a direct result of mechanisation while the Second Industrial Revolution developed as a result of electricity, and the Third Industrial Revolution developed as a direct result of computerisation. Nowadays, the Fourth Industrial Revolution aims to transform Internet of Things and Internet of Services into production. In the near future, enterprises will adapt to these innovations and hence improve their technologies, managerial and organisational perceptions, administrative levels, decision-making and logistic systems, as well as production facilities by means of developing global networks as part of Cyber-Physical Systems. Thanks to Cyber-Physical Systems, enterprises will carry out information production, control function, smart machines and storage systems independently within the production environment. This system will provide a rapid development of concepts like production, engineering, material procurement, industrial processes, supply chain, and life-cycle systems. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to theoretically analyse how managerial and organisational perceptions of enterprises undergo changes following the adoption of Industry 4.0 using literature review, which is defined as second-hand data, and to discuss the issues considering the restructuring of management-organisation of enterprises in accordance with this developing trend.